WO2018177135A1 - 电池盖板组件、单体电池、电池模组、动力电池包和电动汽车 - Google Patents

电池盖板组件、单体电池、电池模组、动力电池包和电动汽车 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018177135A1
WO2018177135A1 PCT/CN2018/079237 CN2018079237W WO2018177135A1 WO 2018177135 A1 WO2018177135 A1 WO 2018177135A1 CN 2018079237 W CN2018079237 W CN 2018079237W WO 2018177135 A1 WO2018177135 A1 WO 2018177135A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
battery
electrode
gas
terminal
ring
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2018/079237
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
郑卫鑫
沈晞
朱建华
蒋露霞
朱燕
Original Assignee
比亚迪股份有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Application filed by 比亚迪股份有限公司 filed Critical 比亚迪股份有限公司
Priority to EP18776070.7A priority Critical patent/EP3605643B1/en
Priority to US16/499,790 priority patent/US11264663B2/en
Priority to ES18776070T priority patent/ES2966649T3/es
Publication of WO2018177135A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018177135A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/138—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings adapted for specific cells, e.g. electrochemical cells operating at high temperature
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/147—Lids or covers
    • H01M50/148—Lids or covers characterised by their shape
    • H01M50/1535—Lids or covers characterised by their shape adapted for specific cells, e.g. electrochemical cells operating at high temperature
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
    • B60K1/04—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units of the electric storage means for propulsion
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
    • B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
    • B60L50/60—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries
    • B60L50/64—Constructional details of batteries specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/147—Lids or covers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/258—Modular batteries; Casings provided with means for assembling
    • H01M50/26—Assemblies sealed to each other in a non-detachable manner
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/30—Arrangements for facilitating escape of gases
    • H01M50/342—Non-re-sealable arrangements
    • H01M50/3425—Non-re-sealable arrangements in the form of rupturable membranes or weakened parts, e.g. pierced with the aid of a sharp member
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/30—Arrangements for facilitating escape of gases
    • H01M50/35—Gas exhaust passages comprising elongated, tortuous or labyrinth-shaped exhaust passages
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/30—Arrangements for facilitating escape of gases
    • H01M50/394—Gas-pervious parts or elements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/543—Terminals
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/572—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge
    • H01M50/574—Devices or arrangements for the interruption of current
    • H01M50/578—Devices or arrangements for the interruption of current in response to pressure
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/572—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge
    • H01M50/598—Guarantee labels
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2200/00—Safety devices for primary or secondary batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of batteries, and in particular to a battery cover assembly, a battery using the battery cover assembly, a battery module including the battery, a power battery package including the battery module, and the like Electric battery pack for electric vehicles.
  • the existing CID (Current Interrupt Device) technical solution usually has a pull-off structure with an induced air pressure in the battery, and the reaction between the internal electrolyte and the electrode material is caused by the battery in an extreme case such as thermal runaway. A large amount of gas is generated inside the battery. When the internal gas of the battery increases, the internal pressure increases, and the increased pressure causes the flipper in the pull-off structure to be turned outward, thereby breaking the broken piece having local thinning.
  • the above structure is particularly unsuitable for ternary materials. Because of the high activity of ternary materials, thermal runaway can easily occur in a short period of time in extreme cases. At the beginning of the battery overcharging, the pressure generated by the inside is too small to cause the flipper to be turned over to break the fracture piece. When the internal pressure of the battery is too high, the battery is often in a state of thermal runaway. At this time, although the circuit can be pulled off, the mutual reaction between the materials inside the battery cannot be terminated, and the battery cannot be protected.
  • An object of the present disclosure is to provide a battery cover assembly capable of improving battery safety, a single battery using the battery cover assembly, a battery module including the same, a power battery package including the battery module, and An electric car including the power battery pack.
  • the present disclosure provides a battery cover assembly including a cover plate, an electrode inner terminal and an electrode outer terminal, wherein the electrode inner terminal and the electrode outer terminal are electrically connected by a current interruption structure mounted on the cover plate,
  • the current interrupting structure has a sealed cavity for filling a gas-producing medium, the sealed cavity being configured such that the gas-producing medium is electrically connected to the positive and negative electrodes of the battery, respectively, and between the positive and negative electrodes of the battery When the voltage difference exceeds a rated value, the gas-producing medium is capable of generating a gas to break an electrical connection between the electrode inner terminal and the electrode outer terminal under the gas pressure of the gas.
  • the rating ranges from 4.5 volt to 5 volts.
  • the gas-producing medium comprises at least one of biphenyl, tert-amyl, cyclohexylbenzene, terphenyl, cyclohexylbiphenyl and dibenzofuran.
  • the battery cover assembly includes a first polarity member and a second polarity member respectively in contact with the gas-producing medium, wherein the first polarity member and the second polarity member One for connecting to the positive pole of the battery and the other for connecting to the negative pole of the battery, the first polar member being formed by the inner terminal of the electrode and insulated from the cover plate, the second polar member being sealed And insulated from the cover plate.
  • the current interruption structure further has a flip member for the chamber wall of the sealed chamber portion, and the electrode inner terminal and the electrode outer terminal are electrically connected by the inverting member, and The flipper acts to break the electrical connection between the inner terminal of the electrode and the outer terminal of the electrode under the action of the gas pressure of the gas.
  • a conductive member is fixed on an outer end surface of the electrode inner terminal, the flip member is electrically connected to the conductive member, and the conductive member is formed with a gas pressure capable of being disconnected by the gas.
  • a score that is disposed around a connection point for connecting the flip member.
  • a bump is formed on one of the inverting member and the conductive member, and the other is formed with a connecting hole for receiving the boss, and the boss and the connecting hole pass through the ring Solder joints are connected.
  • the electrode inner terminal is formed by a pole extending in an inner and outer direction
  • the flip member is coaxially disposed with the pole and extends radially outward from the pole
  • the side of the pole is The outer periphery of the inverting member is sealed and insulatedly connected such that the sealed cavity is formed as an annular cavity disposed about the axis of the pole.
  • the inner end of the pole has a radial flange, the outer end surface of the radial flange is sealingly connected with an inner insulating ring, and the cover is sealingly connected to the outer end surface of the inner insulating ring to The pole is insulated.
  • a medium injection hole for communicating the annular cavity is formed on the radial flange.
  • the outer end surface of the radial flange is formed as a stepped structure having an inner ring close to the axis of the pole and an outer ring away from the axis of the pole, the thickness of the inner ring
  • the inner insulating ring is fixed to the outer ring, and the medium injection hole extends from the inner end surface of the radial flange to the inner ring.
  • the second polarity member is formed as an annular conductive sheet surrounding the annular cavity, the inner end surface of the annular conductive sheet is sealingly connected with a first outer insulating ring, and the cover plate is sealingly connected to the first
  • the inner end surface of the outer insulating ring is insulated from the annular conductive sheet, and the outer end surface of the annular conductive sheet is sealingly connected with a second outer insulating ring, and the outer peripheral edge of the turning member is sealingly connected to the second outer insulating ring
  • the outer end surface is insulated from the annular conductive sheet.
  • a sealing ring is sealingly connected to an outer end surface of the second outer insulating ring, an outer circumference of the turning member is sealingly connected to the sealing ring, and the flip member is further covered with a cover member, A cover member is electrically connected to the flip member to form the electrode outer terminal.
  • the cover member is formed with air holes communicating with the outside.
  • the present disclosure also provides a single battery comprising a housing, a battery core housed in the housing, the unit battery is a battery cover assembly provided by the disclosure, and the cover encloses the housing
  • the battery cell is electrically connected to the inner terminal of the electrode.
  • the present disclosure also provides a battery module in which the unit battery provided by the present disclosure is disposed.
  • the present disclosure also provides a power battery package including a package body and a battery module disposed in the package body, the battery module being the battery module provided by the present disclosure.
  • the present disclosure also provides an electric vehicle provided with a power battery pack provided by the present disclosure.
  • the gas production of the sealed cavity in the cover plate assembly can be generated independently of the gas inside the battery, so that the air pressure can be established for the current interruption structure in time, thereby breaking the current interruption structure in time and improving the safety of the battery.
  • FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional schematic view of a current interrupting structure provided in accordance with a first embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 2 is a top plan view of a second polar member according to a first embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a current interrupting structure provided in accordance with a second embodiment of the present disclosure, wherein a voltage difference between the first polarity member and the second polarity member does not exceed a rating;
  • FIG. 4 is a top plan view of an insulating ring provided in accordance with a second embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a current interrupting structure provided in accordance with a second embodiment of the present disclosure, wherein a voltage difference between the first polarity member and the second polarity member exceeds a nominal value;
  • FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of a current interrupting structure provided in accordance with a second embodiment of the present disclosure, wherein the sealed chamber is filled with a gas-producing medium;
  • FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of a current interrupting structure provided in accordance with a third embodiment of the present disclosure, wherein a voltage difference between the first polarity member and the second polarity member does not exceed a rating;
  • FIG. 8 is a top plan view of an inner insulating ring provided in accordance with a third embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view of a current interrupting structure provided in accordance with a third embodiment of the present disclosure, wherein a voltage difference between the first and second polar members exceeds a nominal value;
  • FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view of a current interrupting structure provided in accordance with a third embodiment of the present disclosure, wherein the sealed chamber is filled with a gas generating medium;
  • FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view of a current interrupting structure provided in accordance with a fourth embodiment of the present disclosure, wherein a voltage difference between the first polarity member and the second polarity member does not exceed a rating;
  • FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view of a current interrupting structure provided in accordance with a fourth embodiment of the present disclosure, wherein a voltage difference between the first polar member and the second polar member exceeds a nominal value;
  • FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional schematic view of a first embodiment of a current interrupting structure provided in accordance with a fifth embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional schematic view of a second embodiment of a current interrupting structure provided in accordance with a fifth embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 15 is a partial cross-sectional view of a unit cell provided in a position according to a sixth embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Figure 16 is a partial enlarged view of a portion A in Figure 15;
  • 17 is a partial cross-sectional view of the unit cell in another position according to a sixth embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 18 is a partial perspective view, in section, of a unit cell provided in accordance with a sixth embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 19 is a partial perspective view of a unit cell provided in accordance with a sixth embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 20 is a perspective structural schematic view of a pressure relief member according to a sixth embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • 21 is a partial cross-sectional, partially cutaway view of a unit cell according to a seventh embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Figure 22 is a partial schematic view of the left end of Figure 21;
  • Figure 23 is a partial schematic view of the right end of Figure 21;
  • FIG. 24 is a side elevational view of a sealed package provided in accordance with a seventh embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Figure 25 is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of Figure 24.
  • orientation words used are generally defined on the basis of the direction of the drawing of the corresponding drawing, and "inside and outside” means Inside and outside of the contour of the corresponding part.
  • the description of the outer end, the inner end, the inner and outer directions, such as the inner terminal, the outer terminal, the inner end surface and the outer end surface are in the axial direction of the pole relative to the inner and outer sides of the battery, and relative to the ring shape
  • the “inside and outside” of the piece such as the outer circumference, the outer ring, and the inner ring, are defined in the radial direction with respect to the center of the ring.
  • the present disclosure provides a battery cover assembly, a single battery using the battery cover assembly, a battery module using the battery, a power battery package using the battery module, and use
  • the power battery packs the technical solution of the electric vehicle.
  • the battery cover assembly is disposed on the single battery, and the plurality of single batteries are connected into the battery module in series or in parallel, and can be placed in the battery package to form a power battery package.
  • various technical solutions provided in the present invention can be widely applied to other battery fields.
  • the battery cover assembly of the present disclosure may be either a component assembly that can be assembled to a housing of a single battery to constitute a unit battery, or may be formed not to be integral with other parts of the unit cell, such as a battery cell.
  • the partial structure of the divided overall structure is not limited by the disclosure, and is all within the scope of protection of the present disclosure.
  • the provided battery cover assembly may include a cover plate and an electrode terminal mounted on the cover plate, the electrode terminal further including an electrode inner terminal and an electrode outer terminal, wherein the electrode is The terminal is used for electrically connecting with the battery core, and the external electrode terminal is used for connecting with other single battery cells or battery modules, etc., and realizing the input and output of the current of the battery cells of the single battery.
  • a current interruption structure is electrically connected between the electrode inner terminal and the electrode outer terminal, and the current interruption structure can be broken under the action of air pressure, thereby disconnecting the input and output of the current of the unit cell.
  • the cover plate assembly provided by the invention has a gas generation mechanism independent of the inside of the battery, thereby establishing a gas pressure for the current interruption structure by generating gas in time, thereby breaking the current interruption structure in time and improving the safety of the battery.
  • the gas can be generated by previously storing a gas-producing medium in the battery cover assembly, such as establishing a sealed chamber to store the gas-producing medium, and placing the gas-producing medium in the middle and the negative of the battery. , that is, the voltage can be established for the gas-producing medium. Since the voltage difference between the positive and negative electrodes of the battery will gradually increase when the battery is overcharged, etc., it is only necessary to design the gas generating medium to be able to exceed the rated value when the voltage difference between the positive and negative electrodes of the battery exceeds the rated value.
  • the gas can be generated, that is, the electrical connection between the current terminal of the electrode and the external terminal of the electrode can be disconnected in time under the action of the gas pressure of the gas.
  • the rated value may be set to an operating voltage corresponding to the initial stage of the thermal runaway of the battery, in other words, the rated value is set to be lower than the decomposition voltage of the electrolyte in the battery, for example, the rated value may be taken.
  • the range is 4.5v to 5v. Therefore, when the single cell is in a normal state, the voltage difference generated by the gas-producing medium does not exceed the rated value, so the gas-producing medium does not react and does not generate gas, so that the single cell can be normally charged.
  • Discharge operation when the unit cell is about to approach a dangerous state, for example, the battery is in the early stage of thermal runaway, the voltage difference generated by the gas-producing medium exceeds the rated value, so the gas-producing medium can decompose to generate a large amount of gas in the gas
  • the current interruption structure is pulled off under the action of air pressure, thereby disconnecting the current input or output of the battery in time.
  • the structure of any one of the components in the current interruption structure or the electrical connection relationship between any two adjacent components can be disconnected.
  • the battery cover assembly provided by the various embodiments of the present disclosure can ensure that the battery is quickly cut off at the initial stage of overcharging, and is particularly suitable for electrode materials having high activity (such as ternary materials, etc.).
  • the gas-producing medium provided by the present disclosure does not contact the positive and negative materials of the battery and the electrolyte, and does not cause side reactions, and has no adverse effect on battery capacity and life.
  • the amount of the gas-producing medium used is small, much smaller than the electrolyte of the battery, and the safety of the battery is further improved.
  • the gas-producing medium in order to make the decomposition voltage of the gas-producing medium take a value ranging from 4.5 to 5 v, the gas-producing medium generates a large amount of gas at a decomposition voltage lower than the electrolyte, specifically,
  • the gas generating medium may include biphenyl (decomposition voltage 4.5v), tert-amyl basically (decomposition voltage 4.7v), cyclohexylbenzene (decomposition voltage 4.7v), terphenyl (decomposition voltage 4.5v), cyclohexylbiphenyl (decomposition) At least one of a voltage of 4.5 v) and a dibenzofuran (decomposition voltage of 4.5 v).
  • the above-mentioned gas-producing medium and lithium salt can be dissolved as a solute into the organic solvent, for example, for example, for example, Dissolved into DMC (Dimethyl Carbonate) as a solvent, the lithium salt can increase the electrical conductivity, thereby greatly increasing the decomposition rate of the gas-producing medium and improving the sensitivity of interrupting the structure breaking current.
  • the above lithium salt, DMC and gas generating medium can be mixed and filled into the sealed chamber 103 in any suitable ratio.
  • the content of the lithium salt is 5% to 30%, and the content of the DMC is 5% to 30%, based on 100% by volume of the sealed chamber 103.
  • the solution composed of the lithium salt, the gas-producing medium, and the organic solvent has a certain thermal conductivity, it is possible to reduce the heat generation at the connection point between adjacent two components in the current interrupting structure in which the current needs to flow.
  • the over-current temperature rises, especially when the battery has a large instantaneous current in use, the heat transfer effect is particularly obvious, thereby further improving the safety of the battery.
  • the gas-producing medium has a certain gasification point.
  • the heat generated by the accumulation can also vaporize the gas-producing medium, increase the internal gas pressure of the sealed chamber, and thereby break through the mechanical structure.
  • the current transfer of the battery is turned on to protect against overcurrent.
  • the above solution is not limited to a liquid state, and may be a sol. For example, it may be formed into a gel-like solution.
  • the current interrupting structures may each be a mechanical structure capable of sensing air pressure.
  • the mechanical structure when the battery is in the early stage of thermal runaway, the mechanical structure is capable of breaking the current flowing through the gas generated by the gas generating medium.
  • the transfer of current can be interrupted by disconnecting the internal components, thereby cutting off the charge and discharge of the battery in time.
  • the manner in which the gas can be produced by the gas generating medium may include various methods. For example, when the battery is in the initial stage of overcharging, the gas generating medium generates gas under the voltage difference between the positive and negative electrodes of the battery, and then the internal pressure of the battery rises.
  • the heat generated by the battery short-circuit can also make The gas generating medium is vaporized to release gas, thereby generating a pneumatic power that drives the current interruption structure.
  • various embodiments of the present disclosure also provide a unit battery including a housing, a battery core housed in the housing, and a battery cover assembly in the present disclosure, wherein the cover plate is used to encapsulate the housing, and the battery core is Corresponding electrode terminals are connected to establish the input and output current paths of the respective cells.
  • the battery core is connected to the electrode inner terminal through an internal lead-out member or the like.
  • the electrode terminal that is not provided with the current interruption structure may be electrically connected to the cover plate, and the cover plate is used to establish a voltage of one pole of the gas-producing medium in the sealed cavity, that is, the cover plate is charged.
  • the method is, for example, the second embodiment.
  • the electrode terminal not provided with the current interruption structure may be directly connected to the gas-producing medium in the sealed cavity through the connecting piece of the conductive sheet to establish the voltage of the pole, for example, the first cover is not charged.
  • a battery module using the unit battery, a power battery pack using the battery module, and an electric vehicle using the power battery pack are also provided.
  • the present disclosure introduces the battery cover assembly 100, 200, 300, 400, 500, 600, 700 to the first to seventh embodiments by referring to the corresponding drawings.
  • the battery interrupting structure 100 has a sealed cavity 103 for filling the above-mentioned gas-producing medium, and the sealed cavity 103 is configured to allow gas production.
  • the medium is electrically connected to the positive and negative electrodes of the battery, respectively, and when the voltage difference between the positive and negative electrodes of the battery exceeds the rated value, the gas generating medium can generate a gas, and the inner terminal of the electrode and the outer terminal of the electrode are operated under the pressure of the gas.
  • the electrical connection between the current interrupting structures is broken to improve the safety of the battery.
  • the battery cover assembly includes a first polar member 101 and a second polar member 102 respectively in contact with the gas-producing medium, and one of the first polar member 101 and the second polar member 102 is used for The positive pole of the battery is connected, and the other is connected to the negative pole of the battery, that is, the voltage difference is established by the two polar parts for the gas-producing medium.
  • the first polar member 101 is formed by the inner terminal of the electrode and insulated from the cover 104
  • the second polar member 102 is sealed and insulated from the cover 104.
  • the voltage is established by the inner electrode terminal and the additional second polarity member for the gas-producing medium, so that the cover plate 104 can be charged without an electric charge by the additional second polarity member, thereby improving the cover plate. 104 lifetime and improved battery safety.
  • the current interruption structure further has a flip member 105 for a part of the cavity wall of the sealed cavity 103, wherein the electrode inner terminal and the electrode outer terminal are The electric connection is electrically connected by the inverting member 105, and under the action of the gas pressure of the gas, since the gas is accumulated in the sealed chamber 103, the air pressure is increased, so that the inverting member 105 as the wall of the sealed chamber 103 can be operated to open the terminal with the electrode.
  • the electrical connection between the electrode and the external terminal of the electrode, in particular, the action of the inverting member 105 can be disconnected from the electrical connection with the terminal inside the electrode, or the electrical connection to the external terminal of the electrode can be broken, or the structure itself can be broken. In the present embodiment, the electrical connection between the inverting member 105 and the terminal inside the electrode is broken.
  • the manner of electrically disconnecting the terminal between the electrode and the inverting member may be different, wherein the conductive structure between the conductive member and the flip member may be disconnected, or at least One's own structure is broken.
  • the conductive member 106 is fixed on the outer end surface of the electrode inner terminal, and the flip member 105 is electrically connected to the conductive member 106, so that some broken structures can be disposed on the conductive member 106.
  • a score 115 capable of being broken by the gas pressure of the gas may be formed on the conductive member 106, and the score 115 is disposed around a connection point for connecting the flip member 105.
  • the structure of the conductive member 106 itself will be broken along the score 115, thereby causing the flip member 105 and the electrode inner terminal to be disconnected.
  • the structure is broken by means of scoring or the like, it is also possible to achieve a disconnection of the electrical connection by, for example, pulling off the solder joint between the two.
  • the rupture piece connected between the two is broken to achieve disconnection of the electrical connection.
  • it can be described in detail in the fifth embodiment of the present disclosure described below. Therefore, the purpose of the present disclosure to break the mechanical structure under the action of air pressure to cut off the transmission of current is achieved.
  • the gas generating medium when the battery is in the initial stage of overcharging, the gas generating medium generates gas and then seals under the voltage difference between the first polarity member (electrode inner terminal) and the second polarity member.
  • the air pressure in the cavity 103 is raised.
  • the flip member 105 under a certain air pressure, the flip member 105 is turned off by the inversion action to break the conductive member 106 along the score, thereby disconnecting the electrical connection between the electrode inner terminal and the electrode outer terminal, thereby The circuit connection between the single battery and the outside is interrupted, and the charging of the battery is stopped, thereby avoiding the continuous increase of the air pressure due to the decomposition of the electrolyte inside the battery, thereby ensuring the safety of the battery.
  • the electrode inner terminal as the first polar member 101 is formed by a pole extending in the inner and outer directions, and the conductive members 106 are connected to the outer end faces of the poles, for example, by welding to each other. Electrical connection.
  • the pole can be electrically connected to the battery cell through an inner lead-out member, a current collecting conductive sheet, or the like, thereby achieving connection between the first polar member 101 and the positive electrode or the negative electrode of the battery.
  • the mechanical structure capable of inducing air pressure composed of the conductive member 106 and the inverting member 105 is mounted on the pole and can directly pass through the pole.
  • the air pressure in the sealed chamber 103 has high sensitivity, and the mechanical structure and the pole are not separately connected to facilitate the processing.
  • the manner in which the sealed chambers are formed in different embodiments may be different. It may be enclosed by a first polar member, a second polar member, and/or a mechanical structure for inductive air pressure. That is, the first polarity member and the second polarity member can achieve dual use, which can serve as both positive and negative electrodes applied to the gas-producing medium, and can be used to assist in forming the sealed chamber; correspondingly, can be induced
  • the mechanical structure of the air pressure can also achieve dual use, which can be used to disconnect the current input or output of the battery, and can also assist in forming the sealed cavity, thereby reducing the number of components of the single battery and saving costs.
  • the sealed chamber can also be formed separately via additional components, for example a sealed cavity formed in the package can serve as the sealed chamber.
  • the mechanical structure of the induced air pressure is used to enclose the sealed cavity
  • part of the cavity wall of the sealed cavity is always in contact with the mechanical structure to constitute the closed sealed cavity.
  • the mechanical structure is in contact with the cavity wall of the sealed cavity under the pressure generated by the gas generating medium, when the battery is in In the normal state, the mechanical structure is always separated from the wall of the sealed chamber.
  • the flipper 105 is disposed coaxially with the pole and extends radially outward from the pole, the side of the pole being sealed and insulated from the outer periphery of the flipper 105 such that the seal
  • the cavity 103 is formed as an annular cavity disposed around the axis of the pole. Therefore, when the air pressure in the sealed chamber 103 is increased, the inverting member 105 can be operated to be electrically disconnected from the pole.
  • the sealing and insulating connection between the pole and the inverting member can be realized by their own structure, or by adding an insulating ring, a sealing member or the like. In this way, the existing structure of the battery can be reasonably and fully utilized, so that the purpose of disconnecting the current in time in the initial stage of overcharging of the battery can be achieved while improving the existing battery structure as little as possible.
  • the first polar member 101 electrode inner terminal, or pole
  • the second polar member 102 the flip member 105
  • the conductive member 106 are all used to enclose the sealed cavity 103.
  • the pole in order to avoid the charging of the cover 104, the pole needs to be insulated from the cover plate while being fixedly connected to the cover.
  • the inner end of the cover plate 104 and the pole has a radial flange 107, and the outer end surface of the radial flange 107 is sealingly connected with an inner insulating ring 108, and the cover 104 is sealingly connected to the outer insulating ring 108.
  • the end face is insulated from the pole. That is, in FIG. 1, the inner insulating ring 108 is located on the lower side of the cover.
  • the insulating ring can be made of ceramic or plastic.
  • the radial flange 107 and the inner insulating ring 108, the inner insulating ring 108 and the cover plate may be joined by ceramic brazing.
  • the reliability and durability are stronger, and not only the stable sealing connection of the current interruption structure but also the insulation of the two can be realized.
  • the plastic can be integrally formed on the pole by an injection molding process to reduce assembly time.
  • the radial flange 107 is formed with a medium injection for communicating the annular cavity. Hole 109. That is, the gas-producing medium can be filled into the interior of the sealed chamber 103 at the inner end of the pole.
  • the gas generating medium is injected from the inner end of the pole into the annular cavity through the medium injection hole 109, and then the medium injection hole 109 is sealed.
  • the medium injection hole can be blocked by a sealing plug such as an aluminum bead. Or welded to the medium injection hole by a sealing member such as a round bar.
  • the cover plate equipped with the current interruption structure can be mounted on the battery.
  • the medium injection hole can also be designed on one side of the flip member, that is, a manner of injecting a gas-producing medium from the outer end of the pole to the sealed chamber. This is specifically described in detail in the second embodiment.
  • the outer end surface of the radial flange 107 is formed as a stepped structure.
  • the stepped structure has an inner ring close to the axis of the pole and an outer ring away from the axis of the pole.
  • the thickness of the inner ring is greater than the thickness of the outer ring.
  • the thickness refers to the dimension along the extending direction of the pole, and the inner insulating ring 108 is fixed to
  • the medium injection hole 109 extends from the inner end surface of the radial flange 107 to the inner ring.
  • the inner insulating ring 108 is fixed on the thinner portion of the radial flange 107, thereby facilitating the enclosing a larger annular cavity. So that as much gas-producing medium as possible is filled in the annular cavity to improve the sensitivity of the current interruption structure.
  • the medium injection hole 109 is formed in a thinner region of the radial flange 107 than the medium injection hole 109, and the medium injection hole 109 is provided on the inner ring having a thick thickness of the radial flange 107, and the medium can be elongated. The depth of the injection hole 109 makes it easier to achieve the sealing reliability of the medium injection hole 109 when the gas-producing medium is injected into the sealed chamber.
  • the second polarity member 102 is formed as an annular conductive sheet surrounding the annular cavity, and the inner surface of the annular conductive sheet is sealingly connected with the first outer insulating ring 111, and the cover is closed.
  • the plate 104 is sealingly coupled to the inner end surface of the first outer insulating ring 111 to be insulated from the annular conductive sheet.
  • the first outer insulating ring 111 may also be made of ceramic or plastic, and the first outer insulating ring 111 is fixedly connected to its adjacent components in the same process as the inner insulating ring. That is, it can be realized by ceramic brazing or injection molding, and will not be described herein. Further, as shown in FIG.
  • the annular conductive piece is further provided with a protruding pole.
  • the ear 1020, in particular, the tab 1020 can be integrally formed on the annular conductive sheet.
  • the outer end surface of the annular conductive piece is sealingly connected with the second outer insulating ring 112, and the outer peripheral edge of the inverting member 105 is sealingly connected to the outer side of the second outer insulating ring 112.
  • the end face is insulated from the annular conductive sheet.
  • the electrical connection with the conductive member 106 is broken, and the current input or output of the battery is cut off in time.
  • the material of the second outer insulating ring 112 and the first outer insulating ring 111 may be the same, the shape may be the same, and the processing process of fixing the second outer insulating ring 112 and its adjacent components is also the same.
  • the outer insulating ring 11 is the same and will not be described herein.
  • the outer end surface of the second outer insulating ring 112 is sealingly connected with a sealing ring 110, and the outer peripheral edge of the inverting member 105 is sealingly connected to the sealing ring 110, that is, the flipping member 105 is sealed.
  • the ring 110 is attached to the second outer insulating ring 112 to ensure the sealing of the sealing chamber 103 so that the air pressure inside the sealing chamber can act on the flip member without leaking.
  • the sealing ring can be provided as a conductive ring, so that the flipping member establishes a current loop with the outside through the sealing ring, that is, the sealing ring 110 can be used as the electrode outer terminal in this embodiment.
  • the battery cover assembly further includes a cover member 113 for sealingly connecting the outer periphery of the flip member 105 to the seal ring 110.
  • the cover member may be made of a conductive material such as a metal, that is, the electrode outer terminal in the embodiment is formed by the cover member 113.
  • the outer end surface of the cover member 113 may be formed with a conductive transmission member such as an electrode lead-out piece. Raised.
  • the electrode lead-out piece can establish a current path between, for example, an adjacent unit cell or an adjacent battery module.
  • the cover 113 is formed with an air hole 114 communicating with the outside to make the inside of the sealed cavity
  • the gas can be leaked after the flip member and the conductive member are electrically disconnected to prevent the battery from exploding.
  • the air holes on the cover member can also cause the current interruption structure to directly establish a pressure difference with the atmosphere, thereby realizing the action of the flip member.
  • the cover member 113 is formed as a cap structure, and an outer end surface of the seal ring 110 is formed with an L-shaped stopper, and an inner end surface thereof is used to connect the second outer insulating ring 112.
  • the outer peripheral edge of the inverting member 105 is embedded and supported in the L-shaped opening, and the outer peripheral edge is sealingly connected to the L-shaped opening by a cap structure covering the inverting member 105. Therefore, the cover member 113 can protect the current interruption structure while achieving a stable sealing assembly of the flip member 105.
  • one of the inverting member 105 and the conductive member 106 is formed with a boss, and the other is formed with a connecting hole 117 for receiving the boss 116, the boss 116 and the connection. Holes 117 pass between the ring welds.
  • the boss 116 may be formed on the conductive member 106, and the connection hole 117 may be formed on the flip member 105.
  • the ring-shaped solder joint means that when the connecting hole is sleeved outside the boss, the ring-shaped solder joint is integrally welded with the boss, so that the welding stability and the sealing property can be provided.
  • the close contact between the boss and the connecting hole on the one hand, it can be ensured that the ring-shaped solder joint can stably weld the boss 116 accommodated in the connecting hole 117 firmly, and the flow area of the current can be increased to ensure the passage of a large current.
  • the sealing between the two can be increased, that is, in the case where the conductive member and the flip member together serve as a part of the cavity wall of the sealed cavity 103, the sealing between the two can be ensured by increasing the contact area between the two. Thereby, the conductive member 106 is more easily pulled off from the score 115.
  • the flip member and the conductive member may also be welded by laser penetration welding or the like.
  • the manner in which the electrical connection is disconnected between the flip member and the conductive member can be achieved by scoring. That is, a weak portion having a smaller strength than the other regions is processed in the corresponding portion, wherein in order to complete the complete disconnection of the conductive member and the flip member, the score is usually a connection point around the conductive member and the flip member, for example, the ring structure of the above-mentioned boss welded structure . Thereby, the disconnection of the electrical connection is achieved by the disconnection of the conductive member or the flip member itself, wherein the score can be formed on the flip member or on the conductive member.
  • the conductive member 106 is formed with a score. 115, the score 115 is disposed around a connection point for connecting the flip member 105, that is, an annular score around the boss 116 is provided on the conductive member 106.
  • a score can also be formed on the flipper 105.
  • the score 115 thereon can also be broken.
  • the outer end surface of the pole is formed with a receiving hole 118, and the outer periphery of the conductive member 106. It is fixed to the inner wall of the receiving hole 118.
  • the conductive member 106 can be stably fixed by the outer circumference of the ring, and the region inside the score 115 is not connected to the pole to be pulled under an external force such as the tension of the flip member 105 or the direct pressure of the air pressure.
  • the battery cover assembly and the unit battery according to the first embodiment of the present invention are described above, and the features of the first embodiment are, for example, the boss welding structure, the flipping sheet, and the insulating ring, without departing from the inventive concept.
  • the same can be applied to the following or other possible embodiments of the present disclosure, and the battery cover assembly provided by the second embodiment of the present disclosure will be described below with reference to FIGS. 3 to 6.
  • a second embodiment of the present disclosure provides a battery cover assembly 200 in which a current interrupting structure has a sealed chamber 203 for filling a gas-producing medium, and the battery cover assembly further includes a first polarity member 201 and a second polarity member 202 respectively contacting the gas-producing medium, one of the first polarity member 201 and the second polarity member 202 is connected to the battery positive pole, and the other It is connected to the negative pole of the battery.
  • the gas generating medium can generate a gas to disconnect the electrode inner terminal and the electrode outer terminal under the gas pressure of the gas. Electrical connection between the two.
  • the first polarity member 201 is formed by the electrode inner terminal and is insulated from the cover plate
  • the second polarity member 202 is formed by the cover plate, that is, the cover plate used in the embodiment is charged.
  • the manner in which the cover plate is charged may be that it is electrically connected to the cover plate and another electrode terminal having no current interruption structure. In this way, the existing component structure of the battery can be fully utilized, and the use of an additional polar member can be applied to apply a voltage difference to the gas-producing medium.
  • the current interrupting structure further has a flip member 205 for a part of the cavity wall of the sealed cavity 203, and the electrode inner terminal and the electrode outer terminal are electrically connected by the flip member, and Under the action of the gas pressure, the flipper acts to break the electrical connection between the electrode inner terminal and the electrode outer terminal.
  • the flipper acts to break the electrical connection between the flip member and the electrode inner terminal, that is, the first polar member 201, is broken.
  • the outer end surface of the terminal of the electrode is fixed with a conductive member 206, and the flip member 205 is electrically connected to the conductive member 206, and the conductive member 206 is formed to be disconnected by the gas pressure of the gas.
  • the score 215 is disposed around the connection point for connecting the flip member 205, that is, the conductive member 206 is pulled to achieve electrical connection between the flip member 205 and the terminal inside the electrode.
  • a bump is formed on one of the flip member and the conductive member, and the other is formed with a connecting hole for receiving the boss, and the boss and the connecting hole are connected by a ring-shaped solder joint, thereby lifting current through Stability and sealing.
  • the electrode inner terminal is formed by a pole extending in the inner and outer directions, and is sealed and insulatedly connected to the cover plate, and the inverting member is coaxially disposed with the pole and radially from the pole. Extending outwardly, the sides of the pole are sealed and insulated from the outer periphery of the flip member such that the seal cavity is formed as an annular cavity disposed about the axis of the pole. That is, in the present embodiment, similar to the first embodiment, the first polar member (pole) 201, the second polar member 202, the flip member 205, and the conductive member 206 are both used to enclose the sealed chamber 203. As shown in FIGS.
  • the side of the pole is sealed and insulated from the outer periphery of the flip member 205 such that the seal chamber 203 is formed as an annular cavity disposed about the axis of the pole.
  • the boss 216 and the pole are provided with a medium injection hole 209 connected to the sealing cavity end to end to be outside the pole.
  • the gas-generating medium is injected into the annular cavity.
  • the medium injection hole 209 includes a first section extending from the boss 216 in the axial direction of the electrode inner terminal, and a second section extending radially from the first section to the pole side wall to communicate to the sealed cavity 203 That is, the integral medium injection hole 209 is formed in a vertical L-shaped structure, and the conductive member has a portion of the first segment, and the pole portion is formed with another portion of the first segment and the second segment.
  • the outer end surface of the pole is formed with a receiving hole 218, and the outer periphery of the conductive member 206 is fixed to the inner wall of the receiving hole 218.
  • the conductive member 206 can be stably fixed by the outer circumference of the ring, and the region inside the score 215 is not connected to the pole to be pulled under an external force such as the tension of the flip member 205 or the direct pressure of the air pressure.
  • the medium injection hole 209 is formed substantially as an L-shaped through hole having a vertical section and a horizontal section, so that the solvent can quickly flow into the sealed cavity under the action of gravity, thereby improving the assembly of the current interruption structure. effectiveness.
  • the cover plate since the function of the cover plate in the first embodiment is not completely the same, in the second embodiment of the present disclosure, the cover plate is charged, that is, it can also serve as an electrode applied to the gas-producing medium.
  • the current interrupting structure is fixed to the cover plate, and the cover plate serves as the second polarity member 202 and is sealed and insulated from the outer periphery of the pole and the flip member 205, respectively.
  • the cover plate can realize the encapsulation function of the battery case and serve as an electrode in contact with the gas-producing medium, the number of components of the current interruption structure is reduced, and the assembly man-hour of the battery is reduced.
  • the overall structure of the current interruption structure is more compact.
  • the outer surface of the cover plate is sealed and connected with an insulating ring 208.
  • the outer periphery of the flip member 205 and the side of the pole are sealingly connected to the insulating ring 208 to be insulated from the cover, respectively, and the outer periphery of the flip member 205 and the post are insulated by the insulating ring 208. That is, the annular cavity is enclosed by a cover plate, a pole, a flip member 205, and an insulating ring 208.
  • the current interrupting structure can realize the outer circumference of the pole and the cover plate, the cover plate and the flip member, the outer periphery of the flip member, and the pole by the single insulating ring 208.
  • the insulation and sealing connections between each other significantly reduce the number of components of the current interrupting structure, reduce the assembly man-hours of the battery, and increase the compactness of the overall structure of the current interrupting structure.
  • the manufacturing process of the insulating ring 208 and the process of fixing the same to the adjacent components are the same as those of the insulating ring in the first embodiment, and will not be described herein.
  • the seal ring is still electrically connected to the pole, thereby losing the current interruption function.
  • the outer end surface of the insulating ring 208 is formed to have an inner ring and an outer ring.
  • the stepped structure of the ring, the side of the pole is formed with an L-shaped stop embedded in the inner ring, thereby ensuring that the insulating ring 208 is stably fixed on the pole.
  • the outer periphery of the flip member 205 is sealingly coupled to the outer ring to be insulated from the post, i.e., the post and seal ring 210 are insulated by an insulating ring 208.
  • sealingly connecting the seal ring 210 to the insulating ring 208 allows the outer peripheral edge of the flip member to be sealed, so that the internal air pressure of the seal chamber can act on the flip member without leaking.
  • the cover plate may also be in contact with the gas-producing medium 207.
  • the insulating ring 208 is formed.
  • the through hole 2080 that communicates the annular cavity and the cover, that is, the portion of the cover, can be directly exposed to the annular cavity.
  • the gas-producing medium 207 can be filled in the through-hole 2080 so as to be in direct contact with the cover plate such that the cover plate functions as the first polarity member.
  • the through hole 2080 extends from the inner end surface of the insulating ring 208 to the inner ring. In other variations, the through hole may also extend from the inner end surface of the insulating ring to the outer ring. Further, in order to ensure a sufficiently sufficient contact area between the gas-producing medium and the cover plate to increase the sensitivity, the through-holes 2080 have a plurality of circumferentially spaced intervals along the insulating ring. Further, in order to achieve both the connection stability and the sufficient contact area of the cover plate and the gas-producing medium, the through holes 2080 are four which are disposed at equal intervals in the circumferential direction. In other embodiments, the number of through holes may also be other numbers, such as three or more.
  • the outer end surface of the insulating ring 208 is sealingly connected with the sealing ring 210, and the outer periphery of the flipping member 205 is sealingly connected to the sealing ring 210, and the sealing ring 210 is sealingly attached to the outer ring to insulate the pole. That is, the flip member 205 is attached to the insulating ring 208 through a seal ring, and the outer peripheral edges of the pole and the flip member are respectively fixed to the inner and outer rings on both sides of the through hole 2080.
  • the seal ring 210 is made of a conductive material, the seal ring can establish a current loop with the flip member, that is, form an electrode outer terminal.
  • the sealing ring 210 is sealingly connected to the insulating ring 208 to seal the outer periphery of the flip member, so that the air pressure inside the sealing chamber can act on the flip member without leaking.
  • the current interrupting structure can be protected.
  • the flip member 205 is further covered with a cover member 213, and the cover member is electrically connected with the flip member to form an electrode outer terminal.
  • the cover member can be used as an external terminal of the electrode, that is, the terminal boss can be disposed and a current loop is established with the outside through a connecting member such as an electrode lead-out piece, for example, between adjacent battery cells or between adjacent battery modules. They can all be connected by electrode lead sheets.
  • the outer peripheral edge of the cover member may be sealingly connected to the seal ring 210.
  • the cover member 213 is formed with an air hole 214 communicating with the outside.
  • the air holes on the cover member can also cause the current interruption structure to directly establish a pressure difference with the atmosphere, thereby realizing the action of the flip member.
  • the cover member 213 is formed as a cap structure, and an outer end surface of the seal ring 210 is formed with an L-shaped opening, and an inner end surface thereof is used for connecting the insulating ring 208.
  • the outer periphery of the flip member 205 is embedded and supported in the L-shaped opening, and the outer periphery is sealingly connected to the L-shaped opening by a cap structure covering the flip member 205. Therefore, while realizing the stable sealing assembly of the flip member 205, the current interrupting structure can be protected.
  • the medium injection hole 209 is formed on the conductive member 206, it can be assembled as follows: First, the cover plate, the pole and the seal ring 210 are sequentially fixed to the insulating ring 208 by, for example, ceramic brazing, that is, The four can be first formed into a separate assembly, and then the conductive member 206 is fixed to the pole by, for example, laser welding.
  • the flip member and the conductive member can be connected by laser penetration welding or the above-mentioned boss welding structure.
  • the flip member and the seal ring can be connected by laser welding.
  • the gas-producing medium can then be injected into the sealed chamber through the medium injection hole 209. After the injection is completed, the medium injection hole 209 is sealed by welding or a sealing plug or the like.
  • the cap structure and the flip member are connected by, for example, laser welding, thereby completing the assembly and operation of the entire battery cover assembly.
  • the battery cover assembly provided by the second embodiment of the present disclosure has been described above, and a battery cover assembly provided by the third embodiment of the present disclosure will be described below with reference to FIGS. 7 to 10.
  • the battery cover assembly 300 has a sealed cavity 303 for filling the gas-producing medium 308, wherein the sealed cavity 303 is configured such that the gas-producing medium 308 is electrically connected to the positive and negative terminals of the battery, respectively, and When the voltage difference between the positive and negative electrodes of the battery exceeds the rated value, the gas generating medium 308 can generate a gas to disconnect the electrical connection between the terminal inside the electrode and the external terminal of the electrode under the pressure of the gas, the cover plate An inner insulating ring 311 is sealingly connected between the inner end surface and the inner terminal of the electrode, and an outer insulating ring 312 is sealingly connected between the outer end surface of the cover plate and the outer electrode terminal, so that the sealing cavity 303 forms an annular space surrounding the axis of the inner terminal of the electrode. Cavity. That is, in the case where the electrode inner terminal and the electrode outer terminal are respectively insulated from the cover plate, the sealed cavity 303 in the disclosure is enclosed.
  • the battery cover assembly includes a first polarity member 301 and a second polarity member 302 respectively in contact with the gas-producing medium, the first polarity One of the member 301 and the second polarity member 302 is for connecting to the positive electrode of the battery, the other is for connecting to the negative electrode of the battery, the first polar member 301 is formed by the inner terminal of the electrode, and the second polar member 302 is covered by the cover.
  • the plate is formed. That is, the cover is charged and in contact with the gas-producing medium.
  • the cover plate has an annular plate protruding radially from the inner insulating ring 311 and the outer insulating ring 312.
  • the cover plate can be brought into contact with the gas-producing medium in the sealed chamber 303 through the annular plate over a larger area, thereby improving the gas generating sensitivity.
  • the annular plate may relate to the uneven portion which can increase the surface roughness in the following embodiment, thereby further increasing the gas generating sensitivity. Specific uneven portions will be described in detail in the following embodiments.
  • the pole as the inner terminal of the electrode extends in the inner and outer directions, and the through hole is formed in the cover plate through which the pole is passed, and the inner insulating ring 311 and the outer insulating ring 312 are disposed around the through hole.
  • the inner annular surface of the inner insulating ring 311 and the inner annular surface of the outer insulating ring 312 may be designed to be axially aligned such that the annular plate of the cover plate has a larger contact area with the gas-producing medium.
  • the current interrupting structure further has a flip member 305 as a portion of the cavity wall of the sealed cavity 303, and the electrode inner terminal and the electrode outer terminal are electrically connected by the flip member 305, and Under the action of the gas pressure, the flipper acts to break the electrical connection between the electrode inner terminal and the electrode outer terminal.
  • a conductive member 306 is fixed on the outer end surface of the terminal of the electrode, and the flip member 305 is electrically connected to the conductive member 306, and the conductive member 306 is formed with a score 315 which can be broken under the pressure of the gas, and the score 315 surrounds the score.
  • a connection point setting for connecting the flip member 305 is provided on the outer end surface of the terminal of the electrode, and the flip member 305 is electrically connected to the conductive member 306, and the conductive member 306 is formed with a score 315 which can be broken under the pressure of the gas, and the score 315 surrounds the score.
  • a boss 316 is formed on one of the flip member 305 and the conductive member 306, and the other has a connecting hole 317 for receiving the boss 316.
  • the boss 316 and the connecting hole 317 are connected by a ring-shaped solder joint. Thereby, the air pressure from the sealed chamber can be felt in time, and the electrical connection between the inner terminal of the electrode and the outer terminal of the electrode can be disconnected.
  • the flip member 305 is disposed coaxially with the pole and extends radially outward from the pole, the side of the pole being sealed and insulated to the inside
  • the outer periphery of the flip member 305 is fixed between the electrode outer terminal and the outer insulating ring 312, and is sealingly connected to the outer insulating ring 312 to be insulated from the cap plate and form an annular cavity. That is, the first polar member (pole) 301, the second polar member 302, the flip member 305, and the conductive member 306 are both used to enclose the sealed cavity 303. As shown in FIG.
  • the side of the pole is sealed and insulated from the outer periphery of the flip member 305 such that the seal cavity 303 is formed as an annular cavity disposed about the axis of the pole.
  • the cover plate can also serve as an electrode applied to the gas-producing medium, that is, The cover is charged.
  • the current interrupting structure is fixed to the cover of the battery, and the cover plate serves as the second polarity member 302, and is sealed and insulated from the outer periphery of the pole and the flip member 305, respectively.
  • the cover plate can realize the packaging function of the battery case and serve as an electrode in contact with the gas-producing medium, the number of parts of the battery cover assembly is reduced, and the assembly man-hour of the battery is reduced.
  • the inner end portion of the pole has a radial flange 307, which is outside the radial flange 307.
  • the end face seal is connected with an inner insulating ring 311, and the cover plate is sealingly connected to the outer end surface of the inner insulating ring 311 to be insulated from the pole. That is, in FIG. 7, the inner insulating ring 311 is located inside the cover.
  • the manufacturing process of the inner insulating ring 311 and the outer insulating ring 312 herein and the manufacturing process of fixing the same to the adjacent components are the same as those of the first embodiment, and will not be described herein.
  • a medium injection hole 309 is formed on the radial flange 307 to extend from the inner end of the pole to the annular cavity enclosed therein. Inject a gas producing medium.
  • the cover plate is sealingly connected to the inner end surface of the outer insulating ring 312. It is insulated from the outer circumference of the flip member 305. In this way, not only the insulation between the outer peripheral edge of the flip member 305 and the cover plate having the opposite polarity can be achieved, but also the short circuit of the battery can be prevented, and the flip member 305 can feel the air pressure, so that the outer peripheral edge can be turned over as a support point.
  • the electrical connection between the opening and the conductive member 306 is opened, and the current input or output of the battery is cut off in time.
  • the third technical solution described above is employed. That is, as shown in FIGS. 7 and 10, the inner annular surface of the inner insulating ring 311 and the inner annular surface of the outer insulating ring 312 are axially aligned, so that the cover plate has a radially protruding inner insulating ring 311 and outer insulation. Annular plate of ring 312. Thus, the hole wall of the through hole of the cover plate and both end faces of the annular plate can be in contact with the gas generating medium, thereby improving the gas generating sensitivity of the gas generating medium 308.
  • the outer end surface of the outer insulating ring 312 is sealingly connected with the sealing ring 310 , and the outer peripheral edge of the flipping member 305 is sealingly connected to the sealing ring 310 , that is, the flipping member 305 is connected through the sealing ring 310 .
  • the sealing ring 312 in this way, when the sealing ring is made of a conductive material, the flipping member can establish a current loop with the outside, that is, as an electrode outer terminal.
  • the sealing ring 310 is sealingly connected to the outer insulating ring 312 to seal the outer periphery of the flip member, so that the air pressure inside the sealing chamber can act on the flip member without leaking.
  • the current interrupting structure can be protected, and the flip member 305 is covered with a cover member 313.
  • the cover member 313 is electrically connected to the flip member 305 to form an electrode outer terminal. Therefore, a current loop is established between the electrode lead-out piece and the outside, for example, between adjacent battery cells, or between adjacent battery modules, and can be connected through the electrode lead-out piece.
  • the outer periphery of the cover member is sealed with the flip member to ensure the sealing of the seal chamber.
  • the cover member 313 is formed with an air hole 314 that communicates with the outside. In this way, the gas in the sealed chamber can be leaked after the flip member and the conductive member are electrically disconnected to prevent the battery from exploding.
  • the air holes on the cover member can also cause the current interruption structure to directly establish a pressure difference with the atmosphere, thereby realizing the action of the flip member.
  • the cover member 313 is formed as a cap structure, and an outer end surface of the seal ring 310 is formed with an L-shaped stopper, and an inner end surface thereof is used to connect the outer insulating ring 312.
  • the outer periphery of the flip member 305 is embedded and supported in the L-shaped opening, and the outer periphery is sealingly coupled to the L-shaped opening by a cap structure covering the flip member 305. Therefore, the cover member 313 can protect the current interruption structure while achieving a stable sealing assembly of the flip member 305.
  • the outer end surface of the pole is formed with a receiving hole 318, and the outer periphery of the conductive member 306 is fixed to the inner wall of the receiving hole 318.
  • the conductive member 306 can be stably fixed by the outer circumference of the ring, and the region inside the score 315 is not connected to the pole to be pulled under an external force such as the tension of the flip member 305 or the direct pressure of the air pressure.
  • the medium injection hole 309 is formed on the radial flange 307 on the pole, so that it can be assembled by first passing the upper end of the pole through the cover and passing the pole and the inner insulating ring 311 through, for example, ceramic brazing.
  • the welding is fixed to the cover plate, and then the sealing ring and the outer insulating ring 312 are fixed to the cover plate by, for example, ceramic brazing, and then the conductive member 306 is fixed to the pole by, for example, laser welding, and the flip member and the conductive member can be used.
  • the laser penetration welding or the above-mentioned boss welding structure is connected by welding, and the inverting member and the sealing ring can be connected by laser welding.
  • the gas-producing medium can then be injected into the sealed chamber through the medium injection hole 309. After the injection is completed, the medium injection hole 309 is sealed by welding or a sealing plug or the like. Finally, the cover structure and the flip member are connected by, for example, laser welding, thereby completing the assembly and operation of the entire battery cover assembly.
  • the battery cover assembly provided by the third embodiment of the present disclosure has been described above, and a battery cover assembly provided by the fourth embodiment of the present disclosure will be described below with reference to FIGS. 11 and 12.
  • the battery cover assembly 400 has a sealed chamber 403 for filling a gas-producing medium, and the sealed chamber 403 is configured such that the gas-producing medium is electrically connected to the positive and negative electrodes of the battery, respectively.
  • the gas generating medium can generate a gas to disconnect the electrical connection between the electrode inner terminal and the electrode outer terminal under the gas pressure of the gas, wherein the sealed cavity A concave-convex portion 408 that increases the surface roughness is formed on the inner cavity wall of 403.
  • the roughness of the inside of the sealed chamber is increased by the uneven portion 408, which can be effectively increased to increase the contact area between the gas-producing medium and the electrode thereof, thereby improving the gas generating sensitivity.
  • the uneven portion 408 may be implemented in various ways, for example, the uneven portion 408 may be formed of a toothed continuous structure and/or a spaced-apart microporous structure.
  • the specific shape of the toothed continuous structure may be formed into at least one of a semicircular structure and a rectangular structure by machining, and arranged in a tooth structure.
  • the concavo-convex portion 408 may also be microporously realized by chemical etching, for example, by spraying the inner wall of the sealing chamber, such as the first polar member and the second polar member, on the surface to be exposed to the sealing chamber 403.
  • Corrosive chemical solvent whereby a chemical reaction occurs between the first polar member and the second polar member by the chemical solvent, so that the surfaces of the first polar member 401 and the second polar member 402 and the like There is a microporous structure on it.
  • the present disclosure does not limit the implementation of the uneven portion.
  • the uneven portion 408 may be formed only on the surface of the first polar member 401 exposed to the sealing cavity 403, or may be formed only on the surface of the second polar member 402 exposed to the sealing cavity 403. In order to increase the gas generating sensitivity, preferably, the uneven portion 408 is simultaneously formed on the surface of the first polar member 401 and the second polar member 402 exposed to the sealing chamber 403.
  • the battery cover assembly includes a first pole that is in contact with the gas-producing medium and that forms at least a portion of the chamber wall of the sealed chamber 4023
  • the member 401 and the second polarity member 402 one of the first polarity member 401 and the second polarity member 402 are for connecting to the positive electrode of the battery, the other is for connecting to the negative electrode of the battery, and the uneven portion 408 is formed.
  • the uneven portion 408 is formed on the surface of the first polar member 401 and/or on the surface of the second polar member 402.
  • the electrode inner terminal is formed by a pole extending in the inner and outer directions, and the pole is used as the first polarity member 401 and is sealed and insulated from the cover.
  • the current interruption structure further has a flip member 405 as a sealed cavity 403, and the pole and the electrode outer terminal are electrically connected by the inverting member, and under the action of the gas pressure, the flipper acts to break the pole and the electrode outer terminal. Electrical connection between.
  • the flip member 405 is disposed coaxially with the pole and extends radially outward from the pole, and the outer circumference of the flip member 305 is sealed and insulated from the side of the pole such that the seal chamber 303 is formed to be disposed around the axis of the pole.
  • the annular cavity is provided to provide a seal chamber 303 and insulated from the side of the pole.
  • a conductive member 406 is fixed on the outer end surface of the pole, and the flip member 405 is electrically connected to the conductive member 406, and the conductive member 406 is formed with a score 415 which can be broken by the gas pressure of the gas.
  • the 415 is disposed around a connection point for connecting the flip member 105.
  • a boss 416 is formed on one of the flip member 405 and the conductive member 406, and the other is formed with a connecting hole 417 for receiving the boss 416.
  • the boss 416 and the connecting hole 417 are connected by a ring-shaped solder joint.
  • the second polar member 402 is formed by a cover plate, and the outer periphery of the flip member 405 is sealed and insulatively connected to the cover plate.
  • the inner end of the pole has a radial flange 407, and the outer end surface of the radial flange 407 is sealingly connected with an inner insulating ring 411, and the cover is sealingly connected to the inner insulating ring 411 to be insulated from the pole.
  • the side surface of the pole has a cylindrical surface perpendicular to the radial flange 407, and the cylindrical surface is covered with the uneven portion 408.
  • the radial flange 407 is formed with a medium injection hole 409 for communicating with the annular cavity to inject a gas generating medium into the annular cavity from the inner end of the pole.
  • an outer insulating ring 412 is sealingly coupled to the outer periphery of the flip member 405, and a cover plate is sealingly coupled to the outer insulating ring 412 to be insulated from the outer periphery of the flip member 405.
  • a through hole through which the pole is passed is formed in the cover plate, and the inner insulating ring 411 and/or the outer insulating ring 412 are disposed around the through hole.
  • the inner annular surface of the inner insulating ring 411 and the inner annular surface of the outer insulating ring 412 are axially aligned such that the cover plate has an annular plate 404 protruding radially from the inner insulating ring 411 and the outer insulating ring 412, The surface of the annular plate 404 exposed to the annular cavity is covered with the above-mentioned uneven portion 408.
  • the outer end surface of the outer insulating ring 412 is sealingly connected with a sealing ring 410.
  • the outer peripheral edge of the flip member 405 is sealingly connected to the sealing ring 410.
  • the flip member 405 is further covered with a cover member 413, and the cover member 413 is electrically connected with the flip member 405 to form an electrode. External terminal.
  • the cover member 413 is formed with an air hole 414 that communicates with the outside.
  • the cover member 413 is formed as a cap structure, and an outer end surface of the seal ring 410 is formed with an L-shaped opening, and an inner end surface thereof is used to connect the outer insulating ring 412.
  • the outer periphery of the flip member 405 is embedded and supported in the L-shaped opening, and the outer periphery is sealingly connected to the L-shaped opening by a cap structure covering the flip member 413.
  • the cover member 413 can protect the current interrupting structure while achieving a stable sealing assembly of the flip member 405.
  • the score 415 thereon can also be broken.
  • the outer end surface of the pole is formed with a receiving hole 417, which is electrically conductive.
  • the outer periphery of the member 406 is fixed to the inner wall of the receiving hole 417.
  • the structure and assembly manner of the battery cover assembly in the present embodiment are similar to those of the first, second, and third embodiments, and will not be described in detail.
  • FIG. 14 illustrate a battery cover assembly 500 provided by two embodiments of a fifth embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Other features that are different from the first four embodiments are described in detail in the fifth embodiment for the sake of brevity, and the effects and modifications of the same features are not described in detail.
  • the battery cover assembly 500 has a sealed chamber 503 for filling a gas-producing medium, wherein the inner electrode terminal constitutes a portion of the chamber wall of the sealing chamber 503, and the sealing chamber 503 is configured to be produced.
  • the gas medium is electrically connected to the positive and negative electrodes of the battery, respectively, and when the voltage difference between the positive and negative electrodes of the battery exceeds the rated value, the gas generating medium can generate a gas to actuate the internal terminal of the electrode to be disconnected under the pressure of the gas. Electrical connection between the electrode inner terminal and the electrode outer terminal.
  • both are employed.
  • the inner terminal of the electrode acts to break the electrical connection between the terminal and the outer terminal of the electrode.
  • the electrode outer terminal 506 is configured to form a part of the cavity wall of the sealed cavity, and the external environment and the sealed cavity medium injection hole 509 are formed. Both the electrode outer terminal and the electrode inner terminal serve as the cavity wall of the sealed chamber 503. The presence of the medium injection hole 509 solves the problem that the gas generating medium is injected from the outer end.
  • the battery cover assembly includes a first polarity member 501 and a second polarity member 502, respectively, in contact with the gas-producing medium, the first polarity member 501 and the second polarity member 502.
  • One of them is connected to the positive electrode of the battery, the other is connected to the negative electrode of the battery, the first polar member 501 is formed by the inner terminal of the electrode, and the inner terminal of the electrode and the outer terminal of the electrode are electrically connected by a conductive structure, and the inside of the electrode
  • the periphery of the terminal is sealed and insulated from the periphery of the electrode outer terminal 506 such that the sealed cavity 503 is formed as an annular cavity disposed around the conductive structure.
  • the terminal inside the electrode is formed into a sheet-like structure and includes a terminal outer ring 504 which is sealed and insulatedly connected to the outer terminal of the electrode, and a terminal inner ring 517 which is a part of the cavity wall of the sealing cavity 503, the terminal
  • the outer ring 504 is for electrically connecting to the battery core through a connecting member such as an inner lead-out piece, and a conductive structure is disposed between the terminal inner ring 517 and the outer electrode terminal and can be deformed under the action of air pressure to pull off the conductive structure. Due to the formation of the sheet-like structure, the terminal inner ring 517 can be deformed to break the conductive structure under the action of the internal air pressure.
  • the thickness of the inner ring of the terminal is smaller than the thickness of the outer ring of the terminal.
  • the deformation and the breaking of the inner ring of the terminal can be ensured, that is, after the internal terminal of the disconnecting electrode and the external terminal of the electrode are also electrically connected, the inner ring of the terminal itself can be pulled off, thereby making the sealing cavity
  • the gas is leaked inside the battery and can be vented by, for example, an explosion-proof valve mounted on the cover plate, thereby preventing the battery from exploding.
  • the battery cover assembly 500 further includes an explosion-proof valve mounted on the cover.
  • the explosion-proof valve is a component well-known in the art, and is a component that prevents the internal air pressure of the battery from being excessively exploded, and has a set opening pressure. When the internal pressure of the battery is greater than the set opening pressure, the explosion-proof valve opens to release the pressure, thereby Keep the battery safe.
  • the conductive structure includes a terminal conductive piece 516 connected between the terminal inner ring and the electrode outer terminal 506, and the tensile strength of the terminal conductive piece is smaller than the breaking strength of the inner ring of the terminal.
  • the annular sealing cavity is disposed around the terminal conductive piece. Since the tensile strength of the terminal conductive piece is less than the breaking strength of the inner ring of the terminal, the inner ring of the terminal can be first deformed under the action of the internal air pressure, and then the terminal conductive piece is pulled off, thereby Disconnect the electrical connection between the terminal inside the electrode and the terminal outside the electrode. As the pressure continues to increase, the inner ring of the terminal itself will be pulled off, so that the gas leakage of the sealed chamber is guaranteed to be safe.
  • the structure of the terminal conductive sheet may be formed as a Z-shaped sheet, and the first and second segments parallel to each other of the Z-shaped sheet are respectively soldered to the electrode inner terminal and the electrode outer terminal, and may be further increased.
  • the L-shaped sheet which forms a T-shaped structure with the first and second sections of the Z-shaped sheet, respectively, thereby strengthening the strength of the solder joint and preventing the end portion of the terminal conductive sheet from being erroneously disconnected, so that the battery is inoperable.
  • the electrode outer terminal 506 is formed as a cap structure, and the inner end surface of the electrode outer terminal 506 has a terminal boss 518 extending into the sealing cavity, and the terminal boss 518
  • the inner end face is fixed to the inner ring of the terminal by a solder joint 508 formed as a conductive structure. That is, the conductive structure of the two embodiments is only the solder joint 508, so that the electrical connection between the electrode inner terminal and the electrode outer terminal can be disconnected by pulling the solder joint 508 under the action of air pressure.
  • the electrode outer terminal 506 is formed as a cap structure, and the inner end surface of the cap structure has a terminal boss 518 extending into the sealing cavity, and the inner end surface of the terminal boss 518 is formed into the conductive
  • the solder joint 508 of the structure is fixed to the inner ring of the terminal.
  • the sealed chamber is opened and the gas enters the interior of the battery and is vented, for example, through an explosion-proof valve, thereby preventing the battery from exploding. Further, unlike the fifth embodiment, in the present embodiment, it is not necessary to additionally provide the terminal conductive member 516, thereby reducing the number of components and reducing the assembly man-hour of the current interrupting structure.
  • the terminal boss 518 can be soldered to the conductive member 506. To reduce the assembly man-hour and avoid disconnecting the electrode outer terminal from the terminal boss under the action of air pressure, the terminal boss 518 can be integrally formed on the terminal 518.
  • the electrode outer terminal 506 includes a cap structure and a terminal boss 518 integrally formed on the inner end surface of the cap structure.
  • the terminal inner ring is formed as a bowl-like structure 507 protruding toward the terminal boss 518.
  • the outer bottom end surface of the bowl-shaped structure 507 is adjacent to the inner end surface of the terminal boss 518 by a solder joint 508.
  • the outer end surface of the bowl bottom is formed as a bowl bottom flat wall 507a, and the bowl-shaped structure further includes a tapered ring structure 507b extending inward from the periphery of the bowl bottom flat wall 507a, and an inner end surface formed on the cone ring structure 507b.
  • Radial flange 507c, and the radial flange is connected to the outer ring of the terminal.
  • the inflection point of the bowl-shaped structure can be used as the breaking point of the inner ring of the terminal. It can be weakened, such as processing scores and the like.
  • the solder joint 508 is formed in an annular structure, and the annular structure is located inside the periphery of the bowl bottom flat wall 507a. Due to the larger circumference of the annular structure, it is easier to ensure the welding stability of the terminal boss and the inner ring of the terminal, and to prevent the instantaneous high current from blowing the welded structure. On the other hand, when the ring structure is larger, under the action of the air pressure, the ring structure is less likely to be broken, which affects the sensitivity of the current interrupting structure.
  • the annular structure on the inner side of the bowl bottom flat wall 507a, that is, the outer circumference of the bowl bottom flat wall 507a surrounds the annular structure, the sensitivity of the current interruption structure and the welding stability can be balanced.
  • the cover plate acts as a second polarity member 502, i.e., the cover plate, as an electrode applied to the gas-producing medium. Specifically, as shown in FIGS. 13 and 14, it is sealed and insulatedly connected between the periphery of the terminal inside the electrode and the periphery of the electrode outer terminal 506. In this way, since the cover plate can realize the encapsulation function of the battery case and serve as an electrode in contact with the gas-producing medium, the number of components of the current interruption structure is reduced, and the assembly man-hour of the battery is reduced.
  • the inner insulating ring 511 is sealed and connected between the inner terminal of the electrode and the cover, and the outer terminal and the cover of the electric component are
  • An outer insulating ring 512 is attached to the seal, and the inner insulating ring 511 and the outer insulating ring 512 are spaced apart to expose the cap plate to the sealed cavity to serve as the second polar member.
  • the battery cover assembly 500 of the fifth embodiment of the present disclosure has been described above, and the battery cover assembly 600 of the sixth embodiment of the present disclosure will be described below with reference to FIGS. 15 to 20.
  • the battery cover assembly 600 includes a cover plate, an electrode inner terminal and an electrode outer terminal, and the electrode inner terminal and the electrode outer terminal are electrically connected by a current interrupting structure mounted on the cover plate, and the battery cover
  • the plate assembly further includes a sealed cavity 603 for filling the gas-producing medium 604 and mounted on the outer side of the cover plate 612, the sealed cavity 603 being configured such that the gas-producing medium is electrically connected to the positive and negative electrodes of the battery, respectively, and the positive and negative electrodes of the battery are
  • the gas generating medium 604 can generate a gas to break the sealed chamber 603 under the pressure of the gas so that the gas enters the inside of the battery and flows to the current interrupting structure to be disconnected by the air pressure.
  • the sealed cavity 603 is formed on the outside of the battery.
  • the sealed cavity 603 is not disposed inside the battery, it is possible to avoid occupying a space inside the battery and provide a sufficient layout space for components such as the battery cells inside the battery, thereby facilitating an increase in the energy density of the battery.
  • the sealed chamber 603 is disposed outside the battery, it is also convenient to inject the gas-producing medium from the outside of the battery into the sealed chamber 603 which has been enclosed.
  • the current interrupting structure and the cavity surrounding the sealed cavity 603 are two structures independent of each other. And the current interrupting structure can employ a current interrupting device in the prior art.
  • the battery cover assembly includes a first polarity member 601 and a second polarity member 602 respectively in contact with the gas-producing medium, one of the first polarity member 601 and the second polarity member 602 for The battery positive pole is electrically connected and the other is used to electrically connect to the battery negative pole.
  • the first polar member 601 is sealed and insulatedly connected to the second polar member 602 to be integrally formed as a cover-like structure opening toward the inside of the battery, on the cover structure
  • the opening is also sealingly coupled with a pressure relief member 605 to enclose a sealed chamber, and the pressure relief member 605 can be broken under pressure to allow gas to flow to the interior of the battery.
  • the cover-like structure is not only used for two opposite polarity electrodes for establishing a voltage difference for the gas-producing medium, but also provides a large-capacity sealed cavity capable of filling a sufficient amount of gas-producing medium, and also increases
  • the contact area between the gas generating medium and the first polar member 601 and the second polar member 602 is increased to improve the gas generating sensitivity.
  • the gas generating medium 604 is decomposed by the voltage difference between the first polar member 601 and the second polar member 602 to generate gas, and then the air pressure in the sealed cavity 603 is increased. Under a certain air pressure, the pressure relief member 605 is depressurized, and the gas enters the interior of the battery and communicates with the current interruption structure. The air pressure inside the battery continues to rise until the electrical connection between the conductive member 615 and the flip member 614 is broken, thereby interrupting the current transfer of the battery.
  • the pressure relief member 605 can be implemented in various manners.
  • the pressure relief member 605 can be a sealing plate including a sealing structure connected to the cover structure, and a sealing connection on the pressure releasing plate.
  • Pressure relief valve When the gas generated by the gas is greater than or equal to the opening pressure of the pressure relief valve, the pressure relief valve is in an on state. When the gas generated by the gas is lower than the opening pressure of the pressure relief valve, the pressure relief valve is closed.
  • the pressure relief member 605 is formed with a first score 606, the first score 606. It can be broken under the action of air pressure to allow the gas to escape through the pressure relief member 605. That is, by processing a weak portion having a lower strength than the other regions in the corresponding portion of the pressure relief member 605, when the internal air pressure in the sealed chamber 603 rises, the received air pressure can cause the first score 606 to be broken, thereby making the gas
  • the flow through the tearing gap in the pressure relief member flows into the interior of the battery, and the transmission of the breaking current is interrupted by the battery as the air pressure continues to increase.
  • the pressure relief member 605 is formed as a pressure relief plate having a first score 606, and the pressure relief plate is formed with a weakening groove 607, the first score 606 is located on the bottom wall of the groove of the weakening sink 607.
  • the first score 606 is located on the bottom wall of the groove of the weakening sink 607.
  • the pressure releasing member 605 is a conductive member, thereby enhancing the contact area between the gas generating medium and the electrode thereof, and improving the sensitivity of the current interrupting structure.
  • the portion of the pressure relief member that is pulled off falls into the battery to cause a short circuit of the battery.
  • the first score 606 is formed as a non-interrupted end. Straight line structure. That is, the first score 606 is formed into a non-closed structure, so that even if the first score 606 is broken, the portion surrounded by the first score 606 is still attached to the pressure relief member 605, thereby eliminating the cause of the loss.
  • the phenomenon of short circuit inside the battery caused by the falling of the broken piece improves the safety of the battery.
  • the non-linear structure can be formed into a curved structure, and preferably, the sensitivity of the current interruption structure and the safety of the battery are taken into consideration, and the linear structure is formed into an excellent arc structure.
  • the first score 606 can be formed as a Y-shaped structure or a bent line structure.
  • the second polarity member 602 is fixed to the cover.
  • the board is electrically connected to the battery positive or battery negative through the cover.
  • a mounting hole is formed in the cover plate, and the second polarity member 602 is mounted on the inner wall of the mounting hole to make the cover structure The opening faces the inside of the battery.
  • the cover plate can also serve as a second polarity member, and the first polar member is integrally formed as a cover-like structure and sealed to the cover plate to form the sealed cavity.
  • the first polarity member is electrically connected to the electrode terminal of the exposed cover plate through the conductive connection piece 625.
  • the outer end surface of the cover-like structure is designed to be substantially flush with the outer end surface of the electrode terminal exposing the cover plate or slightly lower than the outer end surface of the pole column, and The pole and the cover structure are spaced apart along the extending direction of the battery cover, so that the internal space of the sealed cavity 603 can be increased without increasing the overall height of the battery, thereby improving the gas-producing medium.
  • the filling amount of 604 increases the gas production sensitivity.
  • the first polarity member 601 and the second polarity member 602 can be implemented in a plurality of ways to form a cover-like structure.
  • the first polarity member 601 and the second polarity member 602 can be docked by left and right. The way to achieve it.
  • the first polar member 601 and the second polar member 602 may be formed by stacking the upper and lower sides. structure.
  • an annular insulating strip 608 having an H-shaped longitudinal section is disposed between the first polar member 601 and the second polar member 602 such that the first polar member 601 and the second member
  • the polar member 602 is insulated
  • the cover-like structure includes a cover structure as the first polar member 601, and a cover structure as the second polar member 602, the cover structure and the edge of the cover edge structure are respectively embedded and Sealed into the U-shaped grooves at opposite ends of the H-shaped structure, the outer periphery of the rim structure is fixedly coupled to the cover.
  • the insulation and sealing between the first polar member 601 and the second polar member 602 can be ensured at the same time. Sex.
  • the annular sealing strip 608 can be assembled between the first polar member 601 and the second polar member 602.
  • the annular insulating strip 608 is integrally formed on the first polar member 601 and the second polar member 602.
  • the annular insulating strip 608 can be integrally formed between the first polar member 601 and the second polar member 602 by injection molding.
  • the cover body structure is formed with a medium injection hole 609, and the medium injection hole 609 is blocked with a sealing plug 610. In this way, after the current interruption structure is assembled on the battery, the solution injection operation is performed from the outside of the battery, and the liquid injection method is more flexible and convenient to operate.
  • the cover plate is provided with a first electrode terminal 611 and a second electrode terminal 613, and the first polarity member 601 is disposed adjacent to the first electrode terminal 611 of the battery, and The first electrode terminal 611 is electrically connected, and the cover plate 612 is electrically connected to the second electrode terminal 613 of the battery, and the current interruption structure is mounted on the first electrode terminal 611 or the second electrode terminal 613.
  • the first polarity member 601 can be electrically connected to the first electrode terminal 611
  • the second polarity member 602 can be electrically connected to the second electrode terminal 613.
  • the gaseous medium is electrically connected to the positive or negative electrode of the battery and simplifies the overall structure of the battery cover assembly.
  • the cover structure may pass through the conductive connecting piece 625. Electrically connected to the first electrode terminal 611. Further, the cover edge structure is fixed to the cover 612 of the battery to establish an electrical connection relationship with the second electrode terminal 613 through the cover.
  • the current interruption structure further includes a flip member 614 electrically connected between the electrode inner terminal and the electrode outer terminal, and the outer periphery of the flip member 614
  • the rim is sealed and insulatively attached to the cover plate, and the seal pack is in gaseous communication with the inner surface of the flip member to actuate the flip member 614 to break the electrical connection with the terminals within the electrode under the pressure of the gas.
  • a conductive member 615 is fixed on the outer end surface of the inner terminal of the electrode, and the flip member 614 is electrically connected to the conductive member 615, and the conductive member 615 is formed with a score 616 which can be broken by the gas pressure of the gas, and the score 616 is surrounded by Set at the connection point of the connection flip 614.
  • a boss 617 is formed on one of the flip member 614 and the conductive member 712, and the other is formed with a connecting hole 618 for receiving the boss 617.
  • the boss 617 and the connecting hole 618 are connected by a ring-shaped solder joint. .
  • the current interrupting structure can be protected.
  • the flip member 614 is further covered with a cover member 622, and the cover member 622 is electrically connected with the flip member 614 to form an electrode outer terminal.
  • the cover member 622 can be used as an external terminal of the electrode, that is, the terminal boss can be disposed to establish a current loop with the outside through a connecting member such as an electrode lead-out piece, for example, with an adjacent unit battery, or an adjacent battery module. Both can be connected by electrode lead sheets.
  • the outer peripheral edge of the cover member may be sealingly connected to the seal ring 620.
  • the cover member 622 is formed with an air hole 623 communicating with the outside.
  • the air holes on the cover member can also cause the current interruption structure to directly establish a pressure difference with the atmosphere, thereby realizing the action of the flip member.
  • the cover plate 612 of the battery is formed with the second electrode terminal 613 through.
  • the through hole, the second electrode terminal 613 is fixed to the cap plate 612 by an insulating ring 619 passing through the through hole to be insulated from the cap plate 612, and the outer peripheral edge of the flip member 614 is sealed by the seal ring 620 surrounding the insulating ring 619 and electrically Connected to the cover 612, and the cover 612 is formed with an air vent 621 between the seal ring 620 and the insulating ring 619.
  • the second electrode terminal 613 is electrically connected to the cap plate 612 through the conductive member 615, the flip member 614, and the seal ring 620 in sequence, and is insulated from the second electrode terminal 613 through the insulating ring 619, and the cover plate 612 is formed in communication.
  • the air pressure inside the battery continues to rise until the electrical connection between the conductive member 615 and the flip member 614 is broken, and the second electrode terminal 613 cannot establish an electrical connection with the seal ring 620 and the cover 612, that is, the flip member 614 and the seal ring. Both the 620 and the cover 612 are uncharged, thereby interrupting the current flow of the battery.
  • the battery cover assembly of the sixth embodiment of the present disclosure has been described above, and a current interruption assembly provided by the seventh embodiment of the present disclosure will be described below with reference to FIGS. 21 to 25.
  • the current interrupting structure 700 includes a cap plate, an electrode inner terminal, and an electrode outer terminal, and the electrode inner terminal and the electrode outer terminal are electrically connected by a current interrupting structure mounted on the cap plate, and the battery is
  • the cover assembly further includes a first current take-up tab 705 and a second current take-up tab 709 for electrically connecting the positive and negative electrodes of the battery cell, and a sealed package for filling the gas-producing medium and located inside the cover plate 704, the sealing bag is provided with a first polarity member 701 and a second polarity member 702 respectively in contact with the gas-producing medium, and the first polarity member is electrically connected to the first current collecting piece, the second polarity The piece is electrically connected to the second current collecting lead piece.
  • the gas generating medium can generate gas, and the gas pressure of the gas
  • the seal pack 704 is torn down so that gas escapes from the seal pack 704 and flows to the current interrupting structure to break the electrical connection between the electrode inner terminal and the electrode outer terminal by air pressure. That is, unlike the battery cover assembly of the other various embodiments described above, the sealed chamber of the present disclosure is enclosed by a sealed package. In this way, the sealed package structure capable of decomposing the gas can be separately produced and assembled onto the battery cell, thereby avoiding the use of the structural member of the battery cell to enclose the sealed cavity, simplifying the assembly process of the battery cell, and simplifying the battery.
  • the overall structure of the monomer is described in this way, the sealed package structure capable of decomposing the gas can be separately produced and assembled onto the battery cell, thereby avoiding the use of the structural member of the battery cell to enclose the sealed cavity, simplifying the assembly process of the battery cell, and simplifying the battery.
  • the seal pack surrounding the seal chamber and the current interrupting structure are independent of each other. Therefore, when the unit cell is in a normal state, as shown in FIGS. 21 to 23, the gas-producing medium in the sealed bag does not react, the chemical stability is good, and no gas is generated, and the sealed bag is in a sealed state. Therefore, the single cell can normally perform charging and discharging work; and when the single cell is about to approach a dangerous state, for example, the battery is in the early stage of thermal runaway, the gas generating medium 703 can be decomposed to generate a large amount of gas to be torn under the pressure of the gas. The seal pack 704 is ruptured, at which time the seal pack is in a non-sealed state, thereby breaking the electrical connection between the electrode inner terminal and the electrode outer terminal by the current interrupting structure under the action of the air pressure.
  • the sealed package 704 may be formed as a package, and the package opening of the package is set.
  • a weak point that can be torn by the air pressure is applied.
  • the package may also be made of, for example, an aluminum plastic film that is insoluble in an electrolyte.
  • the weak point that can be torn by the air pressure may also be a scoring structure formed on the seal bag that is thinner than other regions.
  • the first pole The member 701 and the second polarity member 702 are both located inside the sealed package. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 24, the first polar member 701 has a first tab 707 passing through the sealed package 704, and the second polar member 702 has a second tab 708 passing through the sealed package 704. A tab 707 is soldered to the first current collecting tab 705 of the battery such that the first polar member 701 is electrically connected to the first current collecting tab 705, and the second tab 708 is soldered to the second current collecting of the battery.
  • the sheet 709 is pulled out to establish an electrical connection relationship between the second polarity member 702 and the second current collecting tab 709, so that the gas-producing medium in the sealed package is connected to the positive and negative electrodes of the battery.
  • the first tab 707 and the second tab 708 may be soldered to the first polar member 701 and the second polar member 702, respectively.
  • the first tab 707 and the second tab 708 may be integrally formed on the first polar member 701 and the second polar member 702, respectively, for example, by the first polar member 701 and the second The polar member 702 integrally forms a tab structure.
  • the contact area between the gas generating medium and the first polarity member 701 and the second polarity member 702 can be increased.
  • the first polarity member 701 and the second polarity member 702 can be in contact with the gas-producing medium in the package as long as at least partially encapsulated in the package, so in other variants, the first The polar member 701 and the second polarity member 702 can also be electrically connected to the positive and negative terminals of the battery through the package, that is, portions of the two are located inside the package.
  • the package port has a first package port 706 and a second package port 716 at opposite ends of the package package 704.
  • the first tab 707 passes through and is sealed and connected to the first package.
  • the second tab 708 is passed through and hermetically connected to the second package port 716.
  • the package is formed into a strip structure extending along the length direction of the battery, and the first package port 706 and the second package port 716 are respectively located at different ends of the strip structure.
  • the extending direction of the elongated structure coincides with the longitudinal direction of the battery, the space inside the battery can be fully utilized, and the internal space of the battery is not occupied, and the internal components of the battery are not caused to be defective. influences.
  • the first tab 707 and the second tab 708 are both formed to have a level.
  • the L-shaped conductive sheets of the segments and the vertical segments, the vertical segments of the first tabs 707 are attached and fixed to the first current collecting tabs 705, and the vertical segments of the second tabs 708 are attached and fixed to the second set.
  • the horizontal sections of the first tab 707 and the second tab 708 are connected to the first polar member 701 and the second polar member 702, respectively.
  • the strip structure can be vertically connected between the current collecting tabs on both sides of the battery, and the vertical section provides a sufficient contact area between the current collecting tab and the tab, thereby making the sealing package secure
  • the ground is fixed to the current collecting piece.
  • the first polarity member 701 and the second polarity member 702 are respectively formed to be opposite in polarity.
  • a current collecting conductive strip and a second current collecting conductive sheet the inner side of the package further has an insulating sheet 710, and the first current collecting conductive sheet, the insulating sheet 710, and the second current collecting conductive sheet are sequentially stacked and wound to form a lining A flat structure in which the battery extends in the longitudinal direction.
  • the flat structure can enhance the package on the one hand.
  • the overall structural strength, on the other hand, the flat structure extends along the length of the battery, and can fully utilize the internal space of the battery to avoid occupying too much space inside the battery, so that the package structure is more compact.
  • the internal structure of the package provided by the present embodiment is substantially the same as the internal structure of the lithium ion battery in the prior art, and the internal components of the lithium ion battery in the prior art are the same without departing from the concept of the present invention. It can be applied to the package structure in the present embodiment. Here we only introduce the differences between the two. Specifically, in the present embodiment, the first and second polar members 701 and 702 do not need to be provided with positive and negative electrodes coated on the positive and negative electrodes of the lithium ion battery. In addition, the inside of the package of the present disclosure is filled with the solution containing the gas-producing medium described in detail above, and thus is also different from the electrolyte component inside the lithium ion battery of the prior art.
  • the first current collecting conductive sheet may be, for example, a copper foil
  • the second current collecting conductive sheet may be, for example, an aluminum foil
  • the insulating sheet may be, for example, a PE (polyethylene) composite film or a PP (Polypropylene, polypropylene) composite film.
  • the manufacturing method of the package provided by the present disclosure is basically the same as the manufacturing method of the lithium ion battery, and only one of the manufacturing methods will be briefly described herein.
  • the insulating sheet may be disposed between a first current collecting conductive sheet such as a copper foil not coated with a positive electrode material and a second current collecting conductive sheet such as an aluminum foil, and the three are wound into a similar
  • the conductive core structure of a lithium ion battery is, for example, packaged by an aluminum plastic film, and the two tabs are taken out and soldered to the current collecting and outputting sheets of the battery, thereby achieving parallel connection with the external battery cells.
  • a solution obtained by mixing the above-mentioned lithium salt, an organic solvent, and a gas-producing medium is injected into the aluminum plastic film to achieve the purpose of decomposing and generating a gas at a rated voltage.
  • the gas generating medium can generate a large amount of gas, so that the sealing of the aluminum plastic film is opened, and the package is enclosed.
  • the gas is discharged, thereby forcing the mechanical structure to disconnect the current flow of the battery, achieving an open circuit with the battery and the external circuit, and improving the safety of the battery.
  • it may be an explosion-proof valve provided on the battery.
  • the current interruption structure may further include a flip member 711 electrically connected between the electrode inner terminal and the electrode outer terminal, and the flip member The outer periphery is sealed and insulatively coupled to the cover plate, and the seal pack is in gas communication with the inner surface of the flip member to actuate the flip member 711 to break the electrical connection with the terminals in the electrode under the action of gas pressure.
  • a conductive member 712 is fixed on the outer end surface of the terminal of the electrode, and the flip member 711 is electrically connected to the conductive member 712, and the conductive member 712 is formed with a score 713 which can be broken by the gas pressure of the gas, and the score 713 is surrounded by It is set at the connection point of the connection flip 711.
  • a boss 714 is formed on one of the flip member 711 and the conductive member 712, and the other is formed with a connecting hole 715 for receiving the boss 714.
  • the boss 714 and the connecting hole 715 are connected by a ring-shaped solder joint.
  • the flip member 711 is further covered with a cover member 716, and the cover member 716 is electrically connected with the flip member 711 to form an electrode outer terminal.
  • the cover member 716 is formed with an air hole 718 that communicates with the outside.

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  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Connection Of Batteries Or Terminals (AREA)
  • Sealing Battery Cases Or Jackets (AREA)
  • Gas Exhaust Devices For Batteries (AREA)
  • Battery Mounting, Suspending (AREA)

Abstract

一种电池盖板组件、单体电池、电池模组、动力电池包和电动汽车，该电池盖板组件包括盖板（104）、电极内端子（101）和电极外端子（110），电极内端子（101）与电极外端子（110）之间通过安装在盖板（104）上的电流中断结构（100）电连接，电流中断结构（100）具有填充有能够产生气体的介质的密封腔（103），密封腔（103）构造为使得能够产生气体的介质分别与电池正负极电连接，并且在电池正负极之间的电压差超过额定值时，介质能够产生气体，以在该气体的气压作用下断开电极内端子（101）和电极外端子（110）之间的电连接。

Description

电池盖板组件、单体电池、电池模组、动力电池包和电动汽车
本申请要求于2017年03月31日提交中国专利局、申请号为201710210920.X、发明名称为“电池盖板组件、单体电池、电池模组、动力电池包和电动汽车”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及电池领域，具体地，涉及一种电池盖板组件、使用该电池盖板组件的单体电池、包括该单体电池的电池模组、包括该电池模组的动力电池包和包括该动力电池包的电动汽车。
背景技术
现有的CID(Current Interrupt Device，电流中断装置)的技术方案通常在电池内设置有感应气压的拉断结构，电池在热失控等极端情况下，内部电解液及电极材料之间的反应会使得电池内部产生大量气体，当电池内部气体增多导致内部压力增大，增大的压力使得拉断结构中的翻转片往外翻转，从而拉断具有局部减薄的断裂片。
现有技术存在的不足主要有以下三点：
1、在电池过充初期，电池内部产生的气体较少，无法及时断开拉断结构。
2、当电池内部压力较高时，此时电池已经发生热失控现象，即使断开拉断结构也起不到保护电池的作用。
3、当电池拉断压力较大时，启动压力增加，无法及时断开拉断结构；而当拉断压力较小时，拉断结构可能在电池注液、高温存放时就断开。
上述结构尤其不适合于三元材料。因为三元材料活性高，极端情况下极易在短时间内发生热失控。而电池过充初期，由于其内部产生的气体过少，压力不足以使得翻转片翻转以拉断断裂片。而当电池内部压力过高时，往往电池已经处以热失控状态，此时虽然可以拉断电路，但无法终止电池内部材料之间的相互反应，仍然不能起到保护电池的作用。
发明内容
本公开的目的是提供一种能够提升电池安全性的电池盖板组件、使用该电池盖板组件的单体电池、包括该单体电池的电池模组、包括该电池模组的动力电池包和包括该动力电池包的电动汽车。
本公开提供一种电池盖板组件，包括盖板、电极内端子和电极外端子，所述电极内端子与所述电极外端子之间通过安装在所述盖板上的电流中断结构电连接，所述电流中断结构具有用于填充可产气介质的密封腔，所述密封腔构造为使得所述可产气介质分别与电池正负极电连接，并且在所述电池正负极之间的电压差超过额定值时，所述可产气介质能够产生气体，以在该气体的气压作用下断开所述电极内端子和所述电极外端子之间的电连接。
可选地，所述额定值取值范围为4.5v～5v。
可选地，所述可产气介质包括联苯、叔戊基笨、环己基苯、三联苯、环己基联苯和二苯并呋喃中的至少一者。
可选地，所述电池盖板组件包括分别与所述可产气介质相接触的第一极性件和第二极性件，所述第一极性件和所述第二极性件中的一者用于与电池正极相连，另一者用于与电池负极相连，所述第一极性件由所述电极内端子形成并与所述盖板绝缘，所述第二极性件密封且绝缘连接于所述盖板上。
可选地，所述电流中断结构还具有用于作为所述密封腔部分腔壁的翻转件，所述电极内端子和所述电极外端子之间通过所述翻转件电连接，并且在所述气体的气压作用下，所述翻转件动作以断开所述电极内端子与所述电极外端子之间的电连接。
可选地，所述电极内端子的外端面上固定有导电件，所述翻转件电连接在所述导电件上，并且所述导电件上形成有能够被所述气体的气压作用断开的刻痕，该刻痕围绕用于连 接所述翻转件的连接点设置。
可选地，所述翻转件与所述导电件中的一者上形成有凸台，另一者上形成有容纳该凸台的连接孔，所述凸台和所述连接孔之间通过环形焊点相连。
可选地，所述电极内端子由沿内外方向延伸的极柱形成，所述翻转件与所述极柱同轴设置并且从所述极柱径向向外延伸，所述极柱的侧面与所述翻转件的外周缘密封且绝缘连接，以使得所述密封腔形成为围绕所述极柱的轴线设置的环形空腔。
可选地，所述极柱的内端部具有径向凸缘，该径向凸缘的外端面密封连接有内绝缘环，所述盖板密封连接到该内绝缘环的外端面上以与所述极柱绝缘。
可选地，所述径向凸缘上形成有用于连通所述环形空腔的介质注入孔。
可选地，所述径向凸缘的外端面形成为阶梯结构，该阶梯结构具有接近所述极柱的轴线的内圈以及远离所述极柱的轴线的外圈，所述内圈的厚度大于所述外圈的厚度，所述内绝缘环固定于所述外圈上，所述介质注入孔从所述径向凸缘的内端面延伸到所述内圈。
可选地，所述第二极性件形成为环绕所述环形空腔的环形导电片，该环形导电片的内端面密封连接有第一外绝缘环，所述盖板密封连接到该第一外绝缘环的内端面上以与所述环形导电片绝缘，所述环形导电片的外端面密封连接有第二外绝缘环，所述翻转件的外周缘密封连接到所述第二外绝缘环的外端面上以与所述环形导电片绝缘。
可选地，所述第二外绝缘环的外端面上密封连接有密封环，所述翻转件的外周缘密封连接在所述密封环上，所述翻转件上还覆盖有覆盖件，所述覆盖件与所述翻转件电连接以形成所述电极外端子。
可选地，所述覆盖件上形成有连通外界的气孔。
本公开还提供一种单体电池，该单体电池包括外壳、容纳于该外壳内的电芯，所述单体电池为本公开提供的电池盖板组件，所述盖板封装所述外壳，所述电芯与所述电极内端子电连接。
本公开还提供一种电池模组，所述电池模组内设置有本公开提供的所述的单体电池。
本公开还提供一种动力电池包，包括包体和设置在该包体内的电池模组，所述电池模组为本公开提供的电池模组。
本公开还提供一种电动汽车，该电动汽车设置有本公开提供的动力电池包。
通过上述技术方案，盖板组件中的密封腔的产气能够独立于电池内部的气体产生，因此可以及时为电流中断结构建立气压，从而及时拉断电流中断结构，提升电池的安全性。
本公开的其他特征和优点将在随后的具体实施方式部分予以详细说明。
附图说明
附图是用来提供对本公开的进一步理解，并且构成说明书的一部分，与下面的具体实施方式一起用于解释本公开，但并不构成对本公开的限制。在附图中：
图1是根据本公开的第一种实施方式提供的电流中断结构的剖视示意图；
图2是根据本公开的第一种实施方式提供的第二极性件的俯视结构示意图；
图3是根据本公开的第二种实施方式提供的电流中断结构的剖视示意图，其中第一极性件和第二极性件之间的电压差不超过额定值；
图4是根据本公开的第二种实施方式提供的绝缘环的俯视结构示意图；
图5是根据本公开的第二种实施方式提供的电流中断结构的剖视示意图，其中第一极性件和第二极性件之间的电压差超过额定值；
图6是根据本公开的第二种实施方式提供的电流中断结构的剖视示意图，其中密封腔内填充有可产气介质；
图7是根据本公开的第三种实施方式提供的电流中断结构的剖视示意图，其中第一极性件和第二极性件之间的电压差不超过额定值；
图8是根据本公开的第三种实施方式提供的内绝缘环的俯视结构示意图；
图9是根据本公开的第三种实施方式提供的电流中断结构的剖视示意图，其中第一极 性件和第二极性件之间的电压差超过额定值；
图10是根据本公开的第三种实施方式提供的电流中断结构的剖视示意图，其中密封腔内填充有可产气介质；
图11是根据本公开的第四种实施方式提供的电流中断结构的剖视示意图，其中第一极性件和第二极性件之间的电压差不超过额定值；
图12是根据本公开的第四种实施方式提供的电流中断结构的剖视示意图，其中第一极性件和第二极性件之间的电压差超过额定值；
图13是根据本公开的第五种实施方式提供的电流中断结构的第一实施例的剖视示意图；
图14是根据本公开的第五种实施方式提供的电流中断结构的第二实施例的剖视示意图；
图15是根据本公开的第六种实施方式提供的单体电池的位于一个位置的局部剖视图；
图16是图15中A部的局部放大图；
图17是根据本公开的第六种实施方式提供的单体电池的位于另一位置的局部剖视图；
图18是根据本公开的第六种实施方式提供的单体电池的纵向剖切的局部立体图；
图19是根据本公开的第六种实施方式提供的单体电池的局部立体图；
图20是根据本公开的第六种实施方式提供的泄压件的立体结构示意图；
图21是根据本公开的第七种实施方式提供的单体电池的纵向剖切的局部剖视图；
图22是图21中的左端的部分示意图；
图23是图21中的右端的部分示意图；
图24是根据本公开的第七种实施方式提供的密封包的侧视示意图；
图25是沿图24中的剖面线A-A剖得的剖面示意图。
具体实施方式
以下结合附图对本公开的具体实施方式进行详细说明。应当理解的是，此处所描述的具体实施方式仅用于说明和解释本公开，并不用于限制本公开。
在本公开中，在未作相反说明的情况下，使用的方位词如“上、下、左、右”通常是以相应附图的图面方向为基准定义的，“内、外”是指相应部件轮廓的内和外。其中，本文中涉及外端、内端、内外方向的描述，例如内端子、外端子，内端面、外端面是沿极柱的轴向方向相对于电池的内外而言的，而相对于环状件的“内、外”，例如外周缘、外圈、内圈则是沿径向方向相对于该环状件的中心而定义的。
如图1至图25所示，本公开提供了电池盖板组件、使用该电池盖板组件的单体电池、使用该单体电池的电池模组、使用该电池模组的动力电池包和使用该动力电池包的电动汽车的技术方案。其中电池盖板组件设置在单体电池上，多个单体电池通过串联或并联成电池模组，并可以置于电池包内而形成动力电池包。此外，除动力电池包领域外，本发明中提供的各种技术方案还可以广泛应用于其他的电池领域中。另外，本公开中的电池盖板组件既可以为能够装配到单体电池的壳体上以构成单体电池的组件总成，也可以为与单体电池内的例如电芯的其他部分构成不可分割的整体结构的局部结构，本公开对此不作限制，均属于本公开的保护范围之中。
为了清楚本公开的技术方案，本公开通过七种实施方式进行说明。但不限于这七种实施方式，并且各个实施方式中的特征可以继续任意组合或替换。其中在本公开的各种可能的实施方式中，所述提供的电池盖板组件可以包括盖板以及安装于盖板上的电极端子，电极端子又包括电极内端子和电极外端子，其中电极内端子用于与电芯电连接，电极外端子用于与其他单体电池或电池模组等相连，实现单体电池的电芯的电流的输入和输出。为了起到安全作用，在电极内端子和电极外端子之间通过电流中断结构电连接，该电流中断结 构能够在气压作用下被拉断，从而断开单体电池的电流的输入和输出。本发明提供的盖板组件具有独立于电池内部的气体产生机制，从而通过及时产生气体为电流中断结构建立气压，从而及时拉断电流中断结构，提升电池的安全性。
在不同的实施方式中，气体的产生可以通过事先在电池盖板组件中储存可产气介质，例如建立密封腔来储存可产气介质，并且使得该可产气介质位于电池的正负极中间，即为可产气介质建立电压。由于在电池出现过充等意外时，电池的正负极之间的电压差会逐渐升高，这样只需设计可产气介质能够在作用在电池正负极之间的电压差超过额定值时，能够产生气体，即可以在该气体的气压作用下及时断开电极内端子和电极外端子之间的电流中断结构的电连接即可。
具体地，可以通过将该额定值设定为电池处于热失控初期时所对应的工作电压，换言之，该额定值设置为低于电池内的电解液的分解电压，例如可以将该额定值取值范围为4.5v～5v。因此，当单体电池处于常规状态下时，对可产气介质产生的电压差不超过该额定值，因此该可产气介质没有反应，不会产生气体，因而单体电池可以正常地进行充放电工作；而当单体电池将要接近危险状态时，例如电池处于热失控初期，对可产气介质产生电压差超过该额定值，因此该可产气介质能够分解产生大量气体，在该气体的气压作用下电流中断结构被拉断，从而及时断开电池的电流的输入或输出。具体地，可以断开电流中断结构中的任意一个零部件本身的结构或者任意相邻两个零部件之间的电连接关系。
因此，本公开各种实施方式提供的电池盖板组件，能够保证电池在过充初期迅速切断电流，尤其适合活性高(如三元材料等)的电极材料。相比在电池的电解液中加入产气添加剂的方法，本公开提供的可产气介质不与电池的正负极材料及电解液相接触，不发生副反应，对电池容量及寿命没有不良影响。同时，该可产气介质的使用量小，远远小于电池的电解液，电池安全性进一步提高。
在本公开的实施方式中，为了使得可产气介质的分解电压的取值范围为4.5v～5v，从而使得可产气介质在低于电解液的分解电压下产生大量气体，具体地该可产气介质可以包括联苯(分解电压4.5v)、叔戊基笨(分解电压4.7v)、环己基苯(分解电压4.7v)、三联苯(分解电压4.5v)、环己基联苯(分解电压4.5v)和二苯并呋喃(分解电压4.5v)中的至少一者。
进一步地，为了增加可产气介质的分解率，从而提高电流中断结构断开电流的灵敏度，使用时可以将上述可产气介质和锂盐(如LiPF 6)作为溶质溶解到有机溶剂中，例如溶解到作为溶剂的DMC(Dimethyl Carbonate，二甲基碳酸酯)中，由于锂盐能够增大电导率，从而极大地提高了可产气介质的分解率，提升中断结构断开电流的灵敏度。其中，上述锂盐、DMC和可产气介质能够以任意合适的比例混合并填充到密封腔103中。优选地，以该密封腔103的体积为100％计，该锂盐的含量为5％～30％，该DMC的含量为5％～30％。另外，由于上述由锂盐、可产气介质和有机溶剂所构成的溶液具有一定的导热性，能够降低需要流经电流的电流中断结构中的相邻两个零部件之间的连接点的发热、过流温升，尤其是当电池在使用中出现瞬间大电流的情况下，其传热效果尤其明显，从而进一步提高电池的安全性。此外，该可产气介质具有一定的气化点，当例如电池发生外部短路时，集聚产生的热量也能够使得可产气介质气化，增大密封腔的内部气压，从而通过该机械结构断开电池的电流传递，起到过流保护的作用。需要说明的是，上述溶液并不局限于液态，还可以为溶胶，例如可以形成为凝胶状溶液。
在本公开的各种实施方式中，电流中断结构均可以是能够感应气压的机械结构。具体地，当电池处于热失控初期时，该机械结构能够在可产气介质产生气体的气压作用下断开流经的电流。具体地，例如可以通过断开内部的部件连接来中断电流的传递，从而及时切断电池的充放电。其中可产气介质产气的方式可以包括各种方式，例如，当电池在过充初期时，可产气介质会在电池正负极的电压差作用下产生气体，继而使得电池内部的气压升高，或者又例如，当电池在使用过程中出现异常导致电池温度升高，例如当电流发生外部 短路时，由于可产气介质具有一定的气化点，电池短路时聚集产生的热量也能够使得可产气介质气化而释放气体，从而产生驱动电流中断结构的气压动力。
另外，本公开的各个实施方式还提供一种单体电池，包括外壳、容纳于该外壳内的电芯以及本公开中的电池盖板组件，其中，盖板用于封装外壳，电芯则与相应的电极端子相连，以建立相应单体电池的输入和输出电流路径。其中在安装有电流中断结构的电极端子中，电芯则通过内引出件等方式和电极内端子相连。在本公开的各种实施方式中，可以采用将没有设置电流中断结构的电极端子与盖板电连接，利用盖板为密封腔中的可产气介质建立其中一极的电压，即盖板带电的方式例如第二实施方式。另外，还可以采用将该没有设置电流中断结构的电极端子通过导电片的连接件直接与密封腔中的可产气介质电连接，而建立这一极的电压，例如盖板不带电的第一实施方式。另外各个实施方式中还提供一种使用该单体电池的电池模组，使用该电池模组的动力电池包和使用该动力电池包的电动汽车。
下面，本公开通过结合相应的附图对第一至第七实施方式介绍所涉及电池盖板组件100、200、300、400、500、600、700。
首先，如图1至图2所示，在本公开的第一种实施方式中，该电池中断结构100具有用于填充上述可产气介质的密封腔103，密封腔103构造为使得可产气介质分别与电池正负极电连接，并且在电池正负极之间的电压差超过额定值时，可产气介质能够产生气体，以在该气体的气压作用下电极内端子和电极外端子之间的电流中断结构的电连接断开，以提升电池的安全性。
其中，电池盖板组件包括分别与可产气介质相接触的第一极性件101和第二极性件102，第一极性件101和第二极性件102中的一者用于与电池正极相连，另一者用于与电池负极相连，即通过两个极性件为可产气介质建立电压差。其中在实施方式中，第一极性件101由电极内端子形成并与盖板104绝缘，第二极性件102密封且绝缘连接于盖板104上。即，在本实施方式中，通过电极内端子和额外的第二极性件为可产气介质建立电压，这样通过额外的第二极性件可以使得盖板104不需带电，从而提高盖板104的寿命，并提高电池安全性。
以如图1和图2的第一种实施方式为例，在本实施方式中，电流中断结构还具有用于作为密封腔103部分腔壁的翻转件105，其中电极内端子和电极外端子之间通过翻转件105电连接，并且在气体的气压作用下，由于密封腔103内开始蓄积气体，气压升高，从而可以使得作为密封腔103腔壁的翻转件105动作以断开与电极内端子和电极外端子之间的电连接，具体地翻转件105动作可以断开其与电极内端子的电连接，也可以断开与电极外端子的电连接，或者其本身结构断裂。在本实施方式中，为断开翻转件105和电极内端子的电连接。
其中在本发明的不同实施方式中，断开电极内端子和翻转件之间电连接的方式可以不同，其中可以为导电件和翻转件之间的导电结构断开，也可以将二者中至少一个的本身结构断开。其中，在本实施方式中，为了便于加工电极内端子，电极内端子的外端面上固定有导电件106，翻转件105电连接在导电件106上，这样可以将一些断裂结构设置在导电件106上，以避免对电极内端子的加工繁琐。例如，可以在导电件106上形成有能够被气体的气压作用断开的刻痕115，该刻痕115围绕用于连接翻转件105的连接点设置。
这样在气压作用下，导电件106的本身结构将沿刻痕115断开，从而使得翻转件105和电极内端子断开连接。除这种通过刻痕等减弱方式将本身结构的断开的实施方式外，还可以通过例如将二者之间的焊点拉脱以实现电连接的断开的方式。又或者将连接在二者之间的断裂片拉断以实现电连接的断开。具体地可在下述介绍本公开第五实施方式中详细描述。因此实现本公开在气压作用下断开机械结构来切断电流的传递的目的。
这样，以第一实施方式为例，例如当电池在过充初期时，可产气介质在第一极性件(电极内端子)和第二极性件的电压差作用下会产生气体继而密封腔103内的气压升高，此时 在一定的气压作用下，翻转件105通过翻转动作使得导电件106沿刻痕断开，从而断开电极内端子和电极外端子之间的电连接，从而中断单体电池和外界的电路连接，停止电池的充电，从而避免因电池内部的电解液分解而导致气压持续升高，保证电池的安全。
如图1所示，在本实施方式中，作为第一极性件101的电极内端子由沿内外方向延伸的极柱形成，并且导电件106例如通过焊接连接在极柱的外端面上以相互电连接。具体地，例如该极柱可以通过内引出件、集流导电片等与电芯电连接，从而实现第一极性件101和电池的正极或负极相连。另外，由于电池通常通过穿过盖板设置的极柱与外界电路建立电流回路，因此将由导电件106和翻转件105构成的能够感应气压的机械结构安装在极柱上，能够直接通过极柱感受密封腔103内的气压，灵敏度高，另外避免另行将该机械结构与极柱进行连接，方便加工。
在本公开中，不同实施方式中的密封腔的形成方式可以不同。其中可以为由第一极性件、第二极性件和/或用于感应气压的机械结构围成。即该第一极性件、第二极性件能够实现一物两用，既可充当施加于可产气介质上的正负电极，又能用于辅助形成该密封腔；相应地，能够感应气压的机械结构也能够实现一物两用，既可用于断开电池的电流输入或输出，又能辅助形成该密封腔，从而能够减少单体电池的零部件数量，节约成本。另外，密封腔还可以经由额外的部件独立形成，例如封装包内形成的密封空腔可以作为该密封腔。
在感应气压的机械结构用于围成密封腔的情况下，当电池处于热失控初期和常规状态下时，该密封腔的部分腔壁始终和该机械结构相接触以构成封闭的该密封腔。在该密封腔不由感应气压的机械结构围成的情况下，只有当电池处于热失控初期时，在可产气介质产生的气压作用下，使得机械结构与密封腔的腔壁接触，当电池处于常规状态下时，该机械结构始终与密封腔腔壁是相分离的。
在本公开的第一实施方式中，翻转件105与极柱同轴设置并且从极柱径向向外延伸，极柱的侧面与翻转件105的外周缘密封且绝缘连接，以使得所述密封腔103形成为围绕极柱的轴线设置的环形空腔。从而在密封腔103内的气压增大时，能够使得翻转件105动作而与极柱断开电连接。其中极柱和翻转件之间的密封且绝缘连接可以通过他们的本身结构实现，也可以通过增加绝缘环、密封件等方式实现。以此方式，能够合理且充分利用电池的现有结构，使得在对现有的电池结构改进尽可能少的同时，实现在电池过充初期及时断开电流的目的。
具体地，在本实施方式中，第一极性件101(电极内端子，或称极柱)、第二极性件102、翻转件105和导电件106均用于围成该密封腔103。如图1所示，为了避免盖板104带电，极柱在与盖板固定连接的同时需要与盖板绝缘。具体地，盖板104与极柱的内端部具有径向凸缘107，该径向凸缘107的外端面密封连接有内绝缘环108，盖板104密封连接到该内绝缘环108的外端面上以与极柱绝缘。即在图1中该内绝缘环108位于盖板的下侧。
其中的绝缘环可以由陶瓷或塑胶制成。当该绝缘环由陶瓷制成时，上述径向凸缘107和内绝缘环108、内绝缘环108和盖板之间可以通过陶瓷钎焊进行连接。这样，相比于塑料、橡胶等实现的绝缘，可靠性和耐久性更强，不仅可以实现电流中断结构的稳固密封连接，还能够实现二者的绝缘。当绝缘环由塑胶制成时，该塑胶可以注塑成型工艺一体形成于极柱上，以减少装配时间。
为方便将可产气介质注入已经围成的环形空腔内，在本公开的第一种实施方式中，如图1所示，径向凸缘107上形成有用于连通环形空腔的介质注入孔109。即可以在极柱的内端向密封腔103内部填充可产气介质。装配时，首先将第一极性件101、第二极性件102、内绝缘环111、外绝缘环112、导电件106和翻转件105均安装到盖板上，以围成封闭的环形空腔。然后通过该介质注入孔109将可产气介质从极柱的内端注入到该环形空腔内，然后密封该介质注入孔109，具体地，可以通过例如铝珠等密封塞堵塞该介质注入孔，或 者通过例如圆棒的封堵件焊接到该介质注入孔中。最后再将装配有电流中断结构的盖板安装到电池上即可。在其他实施方式中，介质注入孔还可以设计在翻转件一侧，即实现从极柱的外端向密封腔中注入可产气介质的方式。具体在第二实施方式中详细描述。
进一步地，如图1所示，为增强该径向凸缘107的结构强度，以进一步提高极柱和盖板之间连接的稳固性，径向凸缘107的外端面形成为阶梯结构，该阶梯结构具有接近极柱的轴线的内圈以及远离极柱的轴线的外圈，内圈的厚度大于外圈的厚度，该厚度指沿极柱的延伸方向上的尺寸，内绝缘环108固定于外圈上，介质注入孔109从径向凸缘107的内端面延伸到内圈上。通过设计阶梯结构，可以增加可产气介质和极柱外侧面的接触面积，提升产气灵敏度，另外可以在设计径向凸缘107的情况下保证极柱的强度。
其中，在保证径向凸缘107具有足够可靠的结构强度的前提下，该内绝缘环108固定在径向凸缘107的厚度较薄的区域上，从而利于围成体积更大的环形空腔，使得尽量多的可产气介质填充于该环形空腔内，以提高电流中断结构的灵敏度。另外，相比于介质注入孔109形成于该径向凸缘107的厚度较薄的区域，将介质注入孔109设置在该径向凸缘107的厚度较厚的内圈上，能够延长该介质注入孔109的深度，当可产气介质注入到密封腔后更易于实现该介质注入孔109的密封可靠性。
如图1和图2所示，在本实施方式中，第二极性件102形成为环绕环形空腔的环形导电片，该环形导电片的内端面密封连接有第一外绝缘环111，盖板104密封连接到该第一外绝缘环111的内端面上以与环形导电片绝缘。其中，与上述内绝缘环相类似，该第一外绝缘环111也可以由陶瓷或塑胶制成，且将第一外绝缘环111与其相邻部件的固定连接的加工工艺和内绝缘环相同，即均可以采用陶瓷钎焊或注塑成型实现，在此不作赘述。进一步地，如图2所示，为方便该作为第二极性件102的环形导电片与电池的另一极柱等相反极性的部件电连接，该环形导电片上还设置有凸出的极耳1020，具体地，该极耳1020可以一体形成于该环形导电片上。
进一步地，为了实现电流中断结构的工作，如图1所示，环形导电片的外端面密封连接有第二外绝缘环112，翻转件105的外周缘密封连接到第二外绝缘环112的外端面上以与环形导电片绝缘。这样，不仅能够实现翻转件105的外周缘与其极性相反的环形导电片之间的绝缘，防止电池短路，而且翻转件105能够感受到气压作用，从而能够以其外周缘作为支撑点进行翻转而断开与导电件106之间的电连接，及时切断电池的电流输入或输出。类似地，该第二外绝缘环112和上述第一外绝缘环111的材质可以相同，形状也可以相同，且将第二外绝缘环112与其相邻部件的固定连接的加工工艺也与第一外绝缘环11相同，在此不作赘述。
在本实施方式中，如图1所示，第二外绝缘环112的外端面上密封连接有密封环110，翻转件105的外周缘密封连接在该密封环110上，即翻转件105通过密封环110连接在第二外绝缘环112上，从而保证密封腔103的密封，使得密封腔内部气压能够作用于翻转件上而不会漏气。另外，通过密封环可以设置为导电环，从而通过该密封环将翻转件与外界建立电流回路，即此时密封环110可以作为本实施方式中电极外端子。
进一步地，为实现翻转件稳定的密封装配的同时，对电流中断结构可以起到保护作用，电池盖板组件还包括将翻转件105的外周缘密封连接在该密封环110上的覆盖件113。其中覆盖件可以由金属等导电材料制成，即通过该覆盖件113形成本实施方式中的电极外端子，具体地覆盖件113的外端面上可以形成有与电极引出片等导电传输件连接的凸起。其中，电极引出片可以在例如与相邻的单体电池之间，或者相邻电池模组之间建立电流路径。
在本公开的各实施方式中，如图1所示，以第一种实施方式为例，为了实现上述的气体外泄，覆盖件113上形成有连通外界的气孔114，以使得密封腔内的气体能够在翻转件和导电件断开电连接后外泄，防止电池爆炸。另外，覆盖件上的气孔还可以使得电流中断结构与大气直接建立压差，从而实现翻转件的动作。
其中，为了实现密封环和翻转件的稳定连接，覆盖件113形成为盖帽结构，密封环110 的外端面形成有L型止口，其内端面用于连接第二外绝缘环112。翻转件105的外周缘嵌入支撑在该L型止口中，并且该外周缘通过罩设该翻转件105的盖帽结构密封连接在该L型止口上。从而该覆盖件113在实现翻转件105稳定的密封装配的同时，对电流中断结构可以起到保护作用。
其中，在本公开各种设计翻转件和导电件的实施方式中，由于在例如动力电池包的领域中，需要通过的电流较大，因此需要保证导电件106和翻转件105的焊接结构稳定，避免大电流熔断焊接结构。这样，在本实施方式中，如图1所示，翻转件105与导电件106中的一者形成有凸台，另一者形成有容纳该凸台116的连接孔117，凸台116和连接孔117之间通过环形焊点。即例如，在本实施方式中，凸台116可以形成在导电件106上，连接孔117可以形成在翻转件105上。其中此处的环形焊点是指在连接孔套设在凸台外时，通过该环形焊点整体和凸台焊接，因此可以提供焊接稳定度和密封性。这样通过凸台和连接孔之间的紧密接触，一方面可以保证环形焊点可以稳定地将容纳在连接孔117中的凸台116焊接牢固，并且可以增加电流的流通面积保证大电流的通过。另一方面，可以增加二者之间的密封性，即在导电件和翻转件共同作为密封腔103的部分腔壁的情况下，可以通过增加二者的接触面积保证二者之间的密封性，从而更易从刻痕115处拉断导电件106。在其他实施方式一些方式中，还可以采用激光穿透焊等方式将翻转件和导电件进行焊接。
其中，在本公开的各实施方式中，如图1所示，以第一种实施方式为例，翻转件和导电件之间实现断开电连接的方式可以由刻痕实现。即在相应部分加工出强度小于其他区域的薄弱部，其中为了完成导电件和翻转件的完全断开，刻痕通常为围绕导电件和翻转件的连接点，例如上述凸台焊接结构的环形结构。从而通过导电件或翻转件本身的断开来实现电连接的断开，其中刻痕可以形成在翻转件上也可以形成在导电件上，在本实施方式中，导电件106上形成有刻痕115，该刻痕115围绕用于连接翻转件105的连接点设置，即在导电件106上设置围绕凸台116的环形刻痕。这样，当密封腔内的内部气压上升时，受到的气压，可以促使刻痕115被拉断，从而使得被刻痕115围绕的导电件106部分会随翻转件105脱离导电件106，从而实现电流的断开。在其他实施方式中，刻痕也可以形成在翻转件105上。
为了保证导电件106与极柱固定的情况下，其上的刻痕115还能够被拉断，如图1所示，极柱的外端端面上形成有容纳孔118，导电件106的外周缘固定在该容纳孔118的内壁上。这样，导电件106可以通过环形外周进行稳定固定，而刻痕115内部的区域未与极柱发生连接从而能够在外力，例如翻转件105的拉力或者气压直接的压力作用下被拉断。
上述介绍了根据本发明的第一种实施方式提供的电池盖板组件和单体电池，在不脱离本发明构思下，第一实施方式中的特征例如，凸台焊接结构、翻转片、绝缘环等均可以应用于本公开下述或其他可能的实施方式中，下面结合图3至图6介绍本公开的第二种实施方式提供的电池盖板组件。
如图3至图6所示，本公开的第二种实施方式提供一种电池盖板组件200，其中的电流中断结构具有用于填充可产气介质的密封腔203，电池盖板组件还包括分别与该可产气介质相接触的第一极性件201和第二极性件202，该第一极性件201和该第二极性件202中的一者与电池正极相连，另一者与电池负极相连。当第一极性件201和第二极性件202之间的电压差超过额定值时，可产气介质能够产生气体，以在该气体的气压作用下断开电极内端子和电极外端子之间的电连接。其中，在本实施方式中，第一极性件201由该电极内端子形成并与盖板绝缘，第二极性件202则由盖板形成，即本实施方式中采用的盖板带电的方式。其中盖板带电的方式可以是其与盖板与不具有电流中断结构的另一个电极端子电连接而成。这样，能够充分利用电池的现有的零部件结构，避免使用额外的极性件对可产气介质施加电压差。
在本实施方式中，与第一实施方式类似的是，电流中断结构还具有用于作为密封腔203部分腔壁的翻转件205，电极内端子和电极外端子之间通过翻转件电连接，并且在气 体的气压作用下，翻转件动作以断开电极内端子与电极外端子之间的电连接。具体地，可以是断开翻转件和电极内端子，即第一极性件201之间的电连接。
其中，与第一实施方式中相同的是，电极内端子的外端面上固定有导电件206，翻转件205电连接在导电件206上，导电件206上形成有能够被气体的气压作用断开的刻痕215，该刻痕215围绕用于连接翻转件205的连接点设置，即拉断导电件206来实现翻转件205和电极内端子之间的电连接。并且进一步地，翻转件与导电件中的一者上形成有凸台，另一者上形成有容纳该凸台的连接孔，凸台和连接孔之间通过环形焊点相连，从而提升电流通过稳定性和密封性。
另外，在本公开的第二种实施方式中，电极内端子由沿内外方向延伸的极柱形成，并密封且绝缘连接于盖板上，翻转件与极柱同轴设置并且从极柱径向向外延伸，极柱的侧面与翻转件的外周缘密封且绝缘连接，以使得密封腔形成为围绕极柱的轴线设置的环形空腔。即在本实施方式中，与第一实施方式类似，第一极性件(极柱)201、第二极性件202、翻转件205和导电件206均用于围成该密封腔203。如图3和图6所示，极柱的侧面与翻转件205的外周缘密封且绝缘连接，以使得密封腔203形成为围绕极柱的轴线设置的环形空腔。以此方式，能够合理且充分利用电池的现有结构，使得在对现有的电池结构改进尽可能少的同时，实现在电池过充初期及时断开电流的目的。
其中为了实现对已围成的密封腔203内填充可产气介质，本实施方式中，凸台216和极柱开设有首尾相接的连通到密封腔的介质注入孔209以从极柱的外端向环形空腔中注入所述可产气介质。具体地，介质注入孔209包括从凸台216沿电极内端子的轴向延伸的第一段，以及从该第一段沿径向延伸到极柱侧壁以连通到密封腔203的第二段，即整体介质注入孔209形成为垂直的L型结构，并且导电件上具有第一段的一部分，而极柱上形成有第一段的另一部分和第二段。
另外，如图3所示，在第二实施方式中，极柱的外端面上形成有容纳孔218，导电件206的外周缘固定在该容纳孔218的内壁上。这样，导电件206可以通过环形外周进行稳定固定，而刻痕215内部的区域未与极柱发生连接从而能够在外力，例如翻转件205的拉力或者气压直接的压力作用下被拉断。
为方便加工，介质注入孔209大致形成为具有竖直段和水平段的L形通孔，这样，在重力的作用下，上述溶剂能够迅速地流入到密封腔内，从而提高电流中断结构的装配效率。
其中，由于与第一种实施方式中盖板的作用不完全相同，在本公开的第二种实施方式中，该盖板带电，即还可以作为施加到可产气介质上的电极。具体地，如图3和图6所示，电流中断结构固定到盖板上，盖板作为第二极性件202，并分别与极柱和翻转件205的外周缘密封且绝缘连接。这样，由于盖板能够实现电池外壳的封装功能并且充当与可产气介质相接触的电极，从而简少电流中断结构的零部件数量，且减少电池的装配工时。
在本实施方式中，为进一步地减少电流中断结构的零部件数量，使得电流中断结构的整体结构更为紧凑，如图3至图6所示，盖板的外表面上密封连接有绝缘环208，翻转件205的外周缘和极柱的侧面均密封连接到该绝缘环208上以分别与盖板绝缘，且翻转件205的外周缘和极柱通过绝缘环208绝缘。即，该环形空腔由盖板、极柱、翻转件205、绝缘环208共同围成。并且，在本公开提供的第二种实施方式中，该电流中断结构通过唯一的绝缘环208就能够实现极柱与盖板、盖板与翻转件的外周缘、翻转件的外周缘和极柱之间的彼此绝缘和密封连接，显著减少了电流中断结构的零部件数量，降低电池的装配工时，且提高电流中断结构的整体结构的紧凑性。另外绝缘环208的制作材料以及将其与相邻部件固定连接的加工工艺与第一种实施方式中的绝缘环相同，在此不再赘述。
为了避免导电件和翻转件断开电连接后，密封环仍然与极柱电连接，从而失去电流中断作用，如图3和图6所示，绝缘环208的外端面形成为具有内圈和外圈的阶梯结构，极柱的侧面形成有嵌入支撑在该内圈上的L型止口，从而保证该绝缘环208稳定固定在极柱上。翻转件205的外周缘密封连接到外圈上以与极柱绝缘，即极柱和密封环210通过绝缘 环208绝缘。另外，密封环210密封连接在绝缘环208上可以使得翻转件的外周缘得到密封，从而使得密封腔的内部气压能够作用于翻转件上而不会漏气。
进一步地，为保证绝缘环208分别与极柱和翻转件的外周缘绝缘的同时，盖板还可以与可产气介质207相接触，如图3和图4所示，绝缘环208上形成有用于连通环形空腔和盖板的通孔2080，即盖板的部分能够直接暴露于环形空腔中。这样，当可产气介质207注入到该环形空腔中后，可产气介质207能够填充于该通孔2080中，从而能够与盖板进行直接接触，使得盖板作为第一极性件。
为使得电池盖板组件的结构更为紧凑，通孔2080从绝缘环208的内端面延伸到内圈上。在其他变形方式中，该通孔也可以从绝缘环的内端面延伸到该外圈上。进一步地，为了保证可产气介质与盖板充分之间足够充分的接触面积，增大灵敏度，该通孔2080具有沿绝缘环的周向间隔设置的多个。另外，为了兼顾连接稳定性以及盖板与可产气介质足够的接触面积，该通孔2080为沿周向等间隔设置的四个。在其他实施例中，通孔的个数还可以为其他数量，例如三个或更多。
在本实施方式中，为了与外界建立电流流动路径，如图3所示，绝缘环208的外端面密封连接有密封环210，翻转件205的外周缘密封连接在该密封环210上，密封环210密封连接在外圈上以与极柱绝缘。即翻转件205通过密封环连接在绝缘环208上，且极柱和翻转件的外周缘分别固定到位于该通孔2080的两侧的内圈和外圈上。这样，能保证极柱和翻转件的外周缘之间绝缘的可靠性，且当密封环210是由导电材料制成时，密封环可以将翻转件与外界建立电流回路，即形成电极外端子。另外，密封环210密封连接在绝缘环208上可以使得翻转件的外周缘得到密封，从而使得密封腔内部气压能够作用于翻转件上而不会漏气。
进一步地，为实现翻转件稳定的密封装配的同时，对电流中断结构可以起到保护作用，翻转件205上还覆盖有覆盖件213，覆盖件与翻转件电连接以形成电极外端子。这样，覆盖件可以作为电极外端子使用，即可以设置端子凸台而通过电极引出片等连接件与外界建立电流回路，例如与相邻的单体电池之间，或者相邻电池模组之间均可以通过电极引出片相连。
另外，覆盖件的外周缘可以密封连接在密封环210上，为了实现上述的气体泄压，保证电池的使用安全，覆盖件213上形成有连通外界的气孔214。另外，覆盖件上的气孔还可以使得电流中断结构与大气直接建立压差，从而实现翻转件的动作。
其中，为了实现密封环和翻转件的稳定连接，覆盖件213形成为盖帽结构，密封环210的外端面形成有L型止口，其内端面用于连接绝缘环208。翻转件205的外周缘嵌入支撑在该L型止口中，并且该外周缘通过罩设该翻转件205的盖帽结构密封连接在该L型止口上。从而在实现翻转件205稳定的密封装配的同时，对电流中断结构可以起到保护作用。
如上所述，由于介质注入孔209形成于导电件206上，因此可以按照如下方式进行装配：首先分别将盖板、极柱和密封环210依次通过例如陶瓷钎焊固定到绝缘环208上，即可以首先将这四者构成一个独立的装配体，随后将导电件206例如通过激光焊固定到极柱上，翻转件和导电件可以采用激光穿透焊或上述的凸台焊接结构等焊接方式相连，翻转件和密封环可以通过激光焊相连。随后即可以将可产气介质通过介质注入孔209注入到密封腔内。注入完成后，通过焊接或密封塞等方式密封该介质注入孔209。最后再将盖帽结构和翻转件通过例如激光焊相连，从而完成整个电池盖板组件的组装和工作。
上面介绍了本公开的第二种实施方式提供的电池盖板组件，下面将结合图7至图10介绍本公开的第三种实施方式提供的电池盖板组件。
如图7至图10所示，电池盖板组件300具有用于填充可产气介质308的密封腔303，其中密封腔303构造为使得可产气介质308分别与电池正负极电连接，并且在电池正负极之间的电压差超过额定值时，可产气介质308能够产生气体，以在该气体的气压作用下断 开电极内端子和电极外端子之间的电连接，盖板的内端面和电极内端子之间密封连接有内绝缘环311，盖板的外端面与电极外端子之间密封连接有外绝缘环312，以使得密封腔303形成环绕电极内端子的轴线的环形空腔。即在实现电极内端子和电极外端子分别和盖板绝缘的情况下，围成本公开中的密封腔303。
在本实施方式中，与第二实施方式类似的是，所述电池盖板组件包括分别与该可产气介质相接触的第一极性件301和第二极性件302，第一极性件301和第二极性件302中的一者用于与电池正极相连，另一者用于与电池负极相连，第一极性件301由电极内端子形成，第二极性件302由盖板形成。即盖板带电并与可产气介质接触。其中，可选地，盖板具有沿径向凸出于内绝缘环311和外绝缘环312的环形板。这样，可以使得盖板通过环形板更大面积地与密封腔303内的可产气介质接触，从而提升产气灵敏度。进一步地环形板上可以涉及下述实施方式中可增加表面粗糙度的凹凸部，从而进一步增加产气灵敏度。具体的凹凸部在下述实施方式中详细说明。
其中，具体地，作为电极内端子的极柱沿内外方向延伸，盖板上形成有供极柱穿过的通孔，内绝缘环311和外绝缘环312环绕通孔设置。另外，可以设计内绝缘环311的内环面和外绝缘环312的内环面沿轴向对齐，从而使得盖板的环状板的与可产气介质的接触面积更大。
其中，与第一实施方式和第二实施方式类似地，电流中断结构还具有作为密封腔303部分腔壁的翻转件305，电极内端子和电极外端子之间通过翻转件305电连接，并且在气体的气压作用下，翻转件动作以断开电极内端子与电极外端子之间的电连接。电极内端子的外端面上固定有导电件306，翻转件305电连接在导电件306上，并且导电件306上形成有能够在气体的气压作用下断开的刻痕315，该刻痕315围绕用于连接翻转件305的连接点设置。翻转件305与导电件306中的一者上形成有凸台316，另一者上形成有容纳该凸台316的连接孔317，凸台316和连接孔317之间通过环形焊点相连。从而能够及时感受来自密封腔的气压，而断开电极内端子和电极外端子的电连接。
在本公开的第三种实施方式中，与第一和第二实施方式类似地，翻转件305与极柱同轴设置并且从极柱径向向外延伸，极柱的侧面密封且绝缘到内绝缘环311上，翻转件305的外周缘固定在电极外端子和外绝缘环312之间，并密封连接到外绝缘环312上，以与盖板绝缘并形成环形空腔。即，第一极性件(极柱)301、第二极性件302、翻转件305和导电件306均用于围成该密封腔303。如图7所示，具体地，极柱的侧面与翻转件305的外周缘密封且绝缘连接，以使得密封腔303形成为围绕极柱的轴线设置的环形空腔。以此方式，能够合理且充分利用电池的现有结构，使得在对现有的电池结构改进尽可能少的同时，实现在电池过充初期及时断开电流的目的。
如图3和图5所示，与第二种实施方式中盖板的类似地，在本公开的第三种实施方式中，该盖板还可以作为施加到可产气介质上的电极，即盖板带电。具体地，如图7和图10所示，电流中断结构固定到电池的盖板上，盖板作为第二极性件302，且分别与极柱和翻转件305的外周缘密封且绝缘连接。这样，由于盖板能够实现电池外壳的封装功能并且充当与可产气介质相接触的电极，从而简少电池盖板组件的零部件数量，且减少电池的装配工时。
进一步地，为实现极柱在与盖板稳固连接的同时与盖板绝缘，具体地，如图7所示，极柱的内端部具有径向凸缘307，该径向凸缘307的外端面密封连接有内绝缘环311，盖板密封连接到该内绝缘环311的外端面上以与极柱绝缘。即在图7中该内绝缘环311位于盖板的内侧。另外此处的内绝缘环311和下述中的外绝缘环312的制作材料以及将其与相邻部件固定连接的加工工艺与第一种实施方式中的绝缘环相同，在此不再赘述。
为方便该可产气介质308注入该环形空腔内，如图7所示，介质注入孔309形成于径向凸缘307上，以从极柱的内端向以围成的环形空腔内注入可产气介质。
在本实施方式中，为了实现电流中断结构的工作，如图7所示，由于翻转件305的外 周缘上密封连接有外绝缘环312，盖板密封连接到该外绝缘环312的内端面上以与翻转件305的外周缘绝缘。这样，不仅能够实现翻转件305的外周缘与其极性相反的盖板之间的绝缘，防止电池短路，而且翻转件305能够感受到气压作用，从而能够以其外周缘作为支撑点进行翻转而断开与导电件306之间的电连接，及时切断电池的电流输入或输出。
为了进一步地提高该可产气介质的产气灵敏度，在本公开的一示例性实施方式中，采用上述第三种技术方案。即如图7和图10所示，内绝缘环311的内环面和外绝缘环312的内环面沿轴向对齐，以使得盖板具有沿径向凸出于内绝缘环311和外绝缘环312的环形板。这样，盖板的通孔的孔壁以及环形板的两端面均能够与可产气介质相接触，从而提升该可产气介质308的产气灵敏度。
在本实施方式中，如图7所示，外绝缘环312的外端面密封连接有密封环310，翻转件305的外周缘密封连接在该密封环310上，即翻转件305通过密封环310连接在外绝缘环312上，这样，通过当密封环为导电材料时，可以将翻转件与外界建立电流回路，即形成为电极外端子。另外，密封环310密封连接在外绝缘环312上可以使得翻转件的外周缘得到密封，从而使得密封腔内部气压能够作用于翻转件上而不会漏气。
进一步地，为实现翻转件稳定的密封装配的同时，对电流中断结构可以起到保护作用，翻转件305上还覆盖有覆盖件313。覆盖件313与翻转件305电连接以形成电极外端子。从而通过电极引出片与外界建立电流回路，例如与相邻的单体电池之间，或者相邻电池模组之间均可以通过电极引出片相连。
另外，覆盖件的外周缘与翻转件密封，保证密封腔的密封性。为了实现上述的气体外泄，覆盖件313上形成有连通外界的气孔314。这样，密封腔内的气体能够在翻转件和导电件断开电连接后外泄，防止电池爆炸。另外，覆盖件上的气孔还可以使得电流中断结构与大气直接建立压差，从而实现翻转件的动作。
其中，为了实现密封环和翻转件的稳定连接，覆盖件313形成为盖帽结构，密封环310的外端面形成有L型止口，其内端面用于连接外绝缘环312。翻转件305的外周缘嵌入支撑在该L型止口中，并且该外周缘通过罩设该翻转件305的盖帽结构密封连接在该L型止口上。从而该覆盖件313在实现翻转件305稳定的密封装配的同时，对电流中断结构可以起到保护作用。
另外，如图7所示，极柱的外端端面上形成有容纳孔318，导电件306的外周缘固定在该容纳孔318的内壁上。这样，导电件306可以通过环形外周进行稳定固定，而刻痕315内部的区域未与极柱发生连接从而能够在外力，例如翻转件305的拉力或者气压直接的压力作用下被拉断。
如上，介质注入孔309形成于极柱上的径向凸缘307上，因此可以安装如下方式进行装配：首先将极柱上端穿过盖板，并将极柱、内绝缘环311通过例如陶瓷钎焊固定到盖板上，然后将密封环、外绝缘环312通过例如陶瓷钎焊固定到在盖板上，随后将导电件306例如通过激光焊固定到极柱上，翻转件和导电件可以采用激光穿透焊或上述的凸台焊接结构等焊接方式相连，翻转件和密封环可以通过激光焊相连。随后既可将可产气介质通过介质注入孔309注入到密封腔内。注入完成后，通过焊接或密封塞等方式密封该介质注入孔309。最后再将盖板结构和翻转件通过例如激光焊相连，从而完成整个电池盖板组件的组装和工作。
上面介绍了本公开的第三种实施方式提供的电池盖板组件，下面将结合图11和图12介绍本公开的第四种实施方式提供的电池盖板组件。
如图11和图12所示，该电池盖板组件400具有用于填充可产气介质的密封腔403，密封腔403构造为使得可产气介质分别与电池正负极电连接，并在电池正负极之间的电压差超过额定值时，可产气介质能够产生气体，以在该气体的气压作用下断开电极内端子和电极外端子之间的电连接，其中，所述密封腔403的内腔壁上形成有增加表面粗糙度的凹凸部408。这样，通过凹凸部408增加密封腔内部的粗糙度，可以有效提升以增大可产气 介质与其电极之间的接触面积，提高产气灵敏度。
具体地，在本公开的第四种实施方式中，该凹凸部408可以通过多种方式实现，例如，凹凸部408可以由齿状连续结构和/或间隔分布的微孔结构形成。其中的齿状连续结构的具体形状可以通过机械加工的方式形成为半圆形结构、矩形结构中的至少一者，并呈齿状结构排列。或者另外该凹凸部408也可以通过化学腐蚀的方式来实现的微孔，例如通过向密封腔内内壁例如第一极性件和第二极性件等需要暴露于密封腔403的表面上喷施具有腐蚀性的化学溶剂，从而通过该化学溶剂分别与该第一极性件和第二极性件之间发生化学反应，使得第一极性件401和第二极性件402等部件的表面上有微孔结构。本公开对凹凸部的实现不做限定。
另外，该凹凸部408可以仅仅形成于第一极性件401的暴露于密封腔403的表面上，也可以仅仅形成于第二极性件402的暴露于密封腔403的表面上。为提高产气灵敏度，优选地，该凹凸部408同时形成于第一极性件401和第二极性件402的暴露于密封腔403的表面上。
与第一、第二、第三实施方式至少部分类似的是，在第四实施方式中，电池盖板组件包括分别与可产气介质相接触且构成密封腔4023至少部分腔壁的第一极性件401和第二极性件402，第一极性件401和第二极性件402中的一者用于与电池正极相连，另一者用于与电池负极相连，并且凹凸部408形成于第一极性件401的表面和/或第二极性件402的表面上。
可选地，电极内端子由沿内外方向延伸的极柱形成，极柱作为第一极性件401并与盖板密封且绝缘连接。另外，电流中断结构还具有作为密封腔403的翻转件405，极柱和电极外端子之间通过翻转件电连接，并且在气体的气压作用下，翻转件动作以断开极柱与电极外端子之间的电连接。进一步，翻转件405与极柱同轴设置并且从极柱径向向外延伸，翻转件305的外周缘与极柱的侧面密封且绝缘连接，以使得密封腔303形成为围绕极柱的轴线设置的环形空腔。
可选地，极柱的外端面上固定有导电件406，翻转件405电连接在导电件406上，并且导电件406上形成有能够被气体的气压作用断开的刻痕415，该刻痕415围绕用于连接翻转件105的连接点设置。翻转件405与导电件406中的一者上形成有凸台416，另一者上形成有容纳该凸台416的连接孔417，凸台416和连接孔417之间通过环形焊点相连。第二极性件402由盖板形成，翻转件405的外周缘密封且绝缘连接到盖板上。
另外，极柱的内端部具有径向凸缘407，该径向凸缘407的外端面密封连接有内绝缘环411，盖板密封连接到该内绝缘环411上以与极柱绝缘。进一步地，极柱的侧面具有垂直于径向凸缘407的圆筒面，该圆筒面上覆盖有凹凸部408。
其中，径向凸缘407上形成有用于连通环形空腔的介质注入孔409以从极柱的内端向环形空腔内注入可产气介质。另外，翻转件405的外周缘上密封连接有外绝缘环412，盖板密封连接到该外绝缘环412上以与翻转件405的外周缘绝缘。盖板上形成有供极柱穿过的通孔，内绝缘环411和/或外绝缘环412环绕通孔设置。进一步地，内绝缘环411的内环面和外绝缘环412的内环面沿轴向对齐，以使得盖板具有沿径向凸出于内绝缘环411和外绝缘环412的环形板404，该环形板404的暴露于环形空腔的表面上覆盖有上述凹凸部408。
外绝缘环412的外端面密封连接有密封环410，翻转件405的外周缘密封连接在密封环410上，翻转件405还覆盖有覆盖件413，覆盖件413与翻转件405电连接以形成电极外端子。另外，覆盖件413上形成有连通外界的气孔414。
其中，为了实现密封环和翻转件的稳定连接，覆盖件413形成为盖帽结构，密封环410的外端面形成有L型止口，其内端面用于连接外绝缘环412。翻转件405的外周缘嵌入支撑在该L型止口中，并且该外周缘通过罩设该翻转件413的盖帽结构密封连接在该L型止口上。从而该覆盖件413在实现翻转件405稳定的密封装配的同时，对电流中断结构 可以起到保护作用。
另外，为了保证导电件406与极柱固定的情况下，其上的刻痕415还能够被拉断，如图11和图12所示，极柱的外端端面上形成有容纳孔417，导电件406的外周缘固定在该容纳孔417的内壁上。这样，导电件406可以通过环形外周进行稳定固定，而刻痕415内部的区域未与极柱发生连接从而能够在外力，例如翻转件405的拉力或者气压直接的压力作用下被拉断。
本实施方式中的电池盖板组件的结构和组装方式和上述第一、第二以及第三种实施方式相同的部分的效果和变形方式类似，不做过多赘述。
上面介绍了本公开的第四种实施方式提供的电池盖板组件，在不脱离本发明构思下，第四种实施方式中的特征例如凹凸部能够应用于其他各实施方式中，下面将结合图13和图14介绍本公开的第五种实施方式种两种实施例提供的电池盖板组件500。其他为了描述简洁，对第五实施方式仅详细描述和前四个实施方式不同的特征，相同特征的效果和变形方式不做过多赘述。
如图13和图14所示，该电池盖板组件500具有用于填充可产气介质的密封腔503，其中，电极内端子构成密封腔503的部分腔壁，密封腔503构造为使得可产气介质分别与电池正负极电连接，并且在电池正负极之间的电压差超过额定值时，可产气介质能够产生气体，以在该气体的气压作用下电极内端子动作以断开电极内端子和电极外端子之间的电连接。
即在第五实施方式中，与之前四种实施方式中采用翻转件动作来断开电极内端子和电极外端子的方式不同的是，在第五实施方式中的两种实施例中，均采用电极内端子动作来断开和电极外端子之间的电连接。其中，可选地，两种实施例中，均设计使得电极外端子506构成密封腔的部分腔壁，且形成有连通外界和密封腔介质注入孔509。电极外端子和电极内端子均作为密封腔503的腔壁。其中介质注入孔509的存在解决了可产气介质从外端注入的问题。
其中两种实施例相同的是，电池盖板组件包括分别与可产气介质相接触的第一极性件501和第二极性件502，第一极性件501和第二极性件502中的一者用于与电池正极相连，另一者用于与电池负极相连，第一极性件501由电极内端子形成，电极内端子和电极外端子之间通过导电结构电连接，电极内端子的周缘与电极外端子506的周缘之间密封且绝缘连接，以使得密封腔503形成为环绕导电结构设置的环形空腔。这样在环形空腔内的可产气介质积累并气压升高时，能够使得电极内端子动作而通过拉断导电结构来实施对电极内端子和电极外端子之间的电连接的断开。
为了，便于电极内端子被拉断，电极内端子形成为片状结构并且包括密封且绝缘地连接于电极外端子的端子外圈504，以及作为密封腔503部分腔壁的端子内圈517，端子外圈504用于通过例如内引出片等连接件与电芯电连接，端子内圈517与电极外端子之间设置导电结构并且能够在气压作用下变形以拉断导电结构。由于形成片状结构，在收到内部的气压作用下，端子内圈517能够变形从而拉断导电结构。其中为了进一步保证端子内圈的变形，端子内圈的厚度小于端子外圈的厚度。一方面能够方便端子外圈和其他元件相连的强度。另一方面，可以保证端子内圈的变形和被拉断，即在断开电极内端子和电极外端子还自己的电连接后，可以使得端子内圈本身被拉断，从而使得密封腔中的气体外泄到电池内部，并可以通过例如安装在盖板上的防爆阀泄出，从而可以防止电池爆炸。
即在本实施方式中，由于没有之前实施方式中的翻转件，为了保证密封腔的密封，电极外端子上不能形成有气孔，因此可以设计端子内圈本身被拉断而泄出气体，并且在本实施方式中，电池盖板组件500还包括安装在盖板上的防爆阀。其中防爆阀为本领域公知的部件，是防止电池内部气压过大而爆炸的部件，其具有设定开启压力，当电池内部的压力大于该设定开启压力时，则防爆阀开启释放压力，从而保证电池的安全。
如图13所示，在第一实施例中，导电结构包括连接在端子内圈和电极外端子506之 间的端子导电片516，且端子导电片的拉断强度小于端子内圈的拉断强度，环形密封腔围绕端子导电片设置，由于端子导电片的拉断强度小于端子内圈的拉断强度，能够在内部气压的作用下，首先驱动端子内圈变形，然后拉断端子导电片，从而断开电极内端子和电极外端子之间的电连接。随着压力继续增大，端子内圈本身将被拉断，从而使得密封腔的气体外泄保证安全。
如图13所示，其中端子导电片的结构可以形成为Z型片，该Z型片相互平行的第一段和第二段分别焊接到电极内端子和电极外端子上，另外还可以在增加L型片，该L型片分别与Z型片的第一段和第二段构成T型结构，从而加强焊接点的强度，防止端子导电片的端部误断开，而使得电池无法工作。
如图14所示，在本实施方式的第二实施例中，电极外端子506形成为盖帽结构，电极外端子506的内端面具有伸入密封腔的端子凸台518，该端子凸台518的内端面通过形成为导电结构的焊点508固定到端子内圈上。即本实施例二者导电结构仅为焊点508，这样在气压作用下，拉开该焊点508即可断开电极内端子和电极外端子之间的电连接。
具体地，如图14所示，电极外端子506形成为盖帽结构，该盖板结构的内端面具有伸入密封腔的端子凸台518，该端子凸台518的内端面通过形成为所述导电结构的焊点508固定到端子内圈上。这样，当电池处于过充初期时，在可产气介质分解产生的气体的气压作用下，将端子内圈和端子凸台518之间的焊点拉断，从而中断电池的电流传递。并且该密封腔503内的气压持续升高，直至拉断端子内圈。密封腔开启，该气体进入电池内部，并例如通过防爆阀泄出，从而可以防止电池爆炸。另外与第五种实施方式不同的是，在本实施方式中，无需额外设置端子导电件516，从而减少零部件数量，并且降低电流中断结构的装配工时。
其中，该端子凸台518可以焊接到导电件506上，为减少装配工时，且避免在气压作用下断开电极外端子和端子凸台之间的连接，该端子凸台518可以一体形成于该导电件506上。具体地，为充分利用现有的零部件结构，电极外端子506包括盖帽结构和一体形成于盖帽结构的内端面上的端子凸台518。
进一步地，为方便端子内圈与该端子凸台518相连，如图14所示，端子内圈形成为朝向端子凸台518凸出的碗状结构507。具体地，该碗状结构507的碗底外端面与端子凸台518的内端面上通过焊点508相邻。更具体地，碗底外端面形成为碗底平壁507a，碗状结构还包括从该碗底平壁507a的周缘向内延伸的锥环结构507b，以及形成于该锥环结构507b的内端面的径向凸缘507c，并且径向凸缘与端子外圈相连。其中的碗状结构的拐点部分均可以作为端子内圈的拉断点。可以对其进行减弱处理，例如加工刻痕等。
进一步地，如图14所示，焊点508形成为环形结构，且该环形结构位于碗底平壁507a的周缘内侧。由于环形结构的周缘越大，越容易保证端子凸台和端子内圈的焊接稳定性，防止瞬间大电流熔断该焊接结构。另一方面，当环形结构越大，在气压的作用下，该环形结构越不容易拉断，影响该电流中断结构的灵敏度。基于此，通过将环形结构设置于碗底平壁507a的内侧，即该碗底平壁507a的外周缘环绕该环形结构，可以兼顾电流中断结构的灵敏度和焊接稳固性。
在本公开的第五种实施方式中，该盖板作为第二极性件502，即盖板带电以作为施加到可产气介质上的电极。具体地，如图13和图14所示，并密封且绝缘地连接在电极内端子的周缘和所述电极外端子506的周缘之间。这样，由于盖板能够实现电池外壳的封装功能并且充当与可产气介质相接触的电极，从而简少电流中断结构的零部件数量，且减少电池的装配工时。
具体地，为实现盖板同时与电极内、外端子的密封且绝缘连接，如图14所示，电极内端子和盖板之间密封连接有内绝缘环511，电件外端子和盖板之间密封连接有外绝缘环512，并且内绝缘环511和外绝缘环512间隔设置，以使得盖板暴露于所述密封腔，从而作为第二极性件。
上面介绍了本公开的第五种实施方式的电池盖板组件500，下面将结合图15至图20介绍本公开的第六种实施方式提供的电池盖板组件600。
如图15至图20所示，电池盖板组件600包括盖板、电极内端子和电极外端子，电极内端子和电极外端子之间通过安装在盖板上的电流中断结构电连接，电池盖板组件还包括用于填充可产气介质604且安装在盖板612的外侧的密封腔603，密封腔603构造为使得可产气介质分别与电池正负极电连接，并且在电池正负极之间的电压差超过额定值时，可产气介质604能够产生气体，以在该气体的气压作用下冲破密封腔603以使得气体进入电池的内部并流通到电流中断结构以通过气压作用断开电极内端子和电极外端子之间的电连接。与本公开的其他各种实施方式非常不同的是，密封腔603形成于电池的外部。这样，由于该密封腔603没有设置在电池内部，因此能够避免占用电池内部的空间，为电池内部的例如电芯的零部件提供充分的布设空间，从而利于提高电池的能量密度。另外，由于密封腔603设置于电池的外部，也便于从电池的外部将可产气介质注入到已经围成的密封腔603内。此外，与上述五种实施方式不同的是，在该第六种实施方式和下述的第七种实施方式，该电流中断结构和围成该密封腔603的腔体是相互独立的两个结构，并且该电流中断结构可以采用现有技术中的电流中断装置。
其中，电池盖板组件包括分别与可产气介质相接触的第一极性件601和第二极性件602，第一极性件601和第二极性件602中的一者用于与电池正极电连接，另一者用于与电池负极电连接。与本公开的其他各种实施方式不同的是，第一极性件601密封并绝缘连接到第二极性件602上，以整体形成为朝向电池内部开口的罩状结构，罩体结构上的开口还密封连接有泄压件605以围成密封腔，泄压件605能够在气压作用下破裂以允许气体流向电池的内部。即，该罩状结构不仅用于为可产气介质建立电压差的两个极性相反的电极，而且还提供了空间较大的能够填充足够多的可产气介质的密封腔，同时还增大了可产气介质分别与第一极性件601和第二极性件602之间的接触面积，提高产气灵敏度。
因此，当电池在过充初期时，可产气介质604在第一极性件601和第二极性件602的电压差作用下会分解产生气体继而密封腔603内的气压升高，此时在一定的气压作用下，该泄压件605泄压，气体进入到电池内部并与该电流中断结构相连通。电池内部的气压持续升高，直至断开导电件615和翻转件614之间的电连接，从而中断电池的电流传递。
其中，如图15所示，泄压件605可以通过多种方式来实现，例如该泄压件605可以为包括密封连接于该罩状结构上的密封板，以及密封连接在该泄压板上的泄压阀。当上述气体产生的气压大于或等于该泄压阀的开启压力时，该泄压阀处于导通状态。而当上述气体产生的气压低于该泄压阀的开启压力时，该泄压阀关闭。
在泄压件605的另一种实施方式中，为提高电流中断结构的响应灵敏度，如图16和图20所示，泄压件605上形成有第一刻痕606，该第一刻痕606能够在气压作用下断开以使得气体经由泄压件605泄出。即通过在泄压件605的相应部分加工出强度小于其他区域的薄弱部，当密封腔603内的内部气压上升时，受到的气压，可以促使该第一刻痕606被拉断，从而使得气体通过泄压件上撕裂的缝隙流入到电池内部，随着气压的持续增大而通过该电池中断结构断开电流的传递。
为进一步地提高电流中断结构的灵敏度，如图16和图20所示，泄压件605形成为具有第一刻痕606的泄压板，该泄压板上形成有减弱沉槽607，第一刻痕606位于该减弱沉槽607的槽底壁上。这样，通过将第一刻痕606布设在减弱沉槽607内，由于减弱沉槽607处的结构强度比其他区域更低，从而进一步地降低第一刻痕606处的整体结构强度，进而提升电流中断结构的灵敏度。
更进一步地，为简化电流中断结构的零部件，并提高电流中断结构的灵敏度，该泄压件605为导电件，从而能够增强该可产气介质与其电极的接触面积，提高电流中断结构的灵敏度。
为防止气压冲断第一刻痕606后，该泄压件上拉脱的部分掉落到电池内部造成电池发 生短路，如图20所示，第一刻痕606形成为两端间隔开的非直线线型结构。即，该第一刻痕606形成为非闭合结构，这样即使第一刻痕606被拉断，被第一刻痕606包围的部分仍然会依附于该泄压件605上，从而杜绝了因掉落冲断片而造成电池内部发生短路的现象，提高电池的安全性。
其中，该非直线线型结构可以形成为曲线结构，优选地，为兼顾电流中断结构的灵敏度和电池的安全性，该线性结构形成为优弧结构。在其他变形的方式中，该第一刻痕606可以形成为Y型结构或者弯折线结构。
进一步地，为使得该罩状结构稳定地安装到盖板上，且同时方便可产气介质与电池的正负极相连，如图18和图19所示，第二极性件602固定到盖板上以通过盖板与电池正极或电池负极电连接。
进一步地，为延长盖板的使用寿命，如图15、图18和图19所示，盖板上形成有安装孔，第二极性件602安装到该安装孔的内壁上以使得罩状结构的开口朝向电池内部。这样，当该泄压件破损后可以重新在第二极性件602上更换新的泄压件，而不用破坏盖板的结构，提高盖板的使用寿命。当然在其他的变形方式中，该盖板也可以作为第二极性件，而由该第一极性件整体形成为罩状结构，并密封到盖板上以形成上述密封腔。
为方便该第一极性件与电池建立电连接，第一极性件通过导电连接片625与露出盖板的电极端子电连接。进一步地，为避免升高单体电池的整体高度，通过将该罩状结构的外端面设计为与露出盖板的电极端子的外端面基本平齐或者略低于该极柱的外端面，并将该极柱和该罩状结构沿电池盖板的延伸方向间隔设置，从而能够在不增加该电池的整体高度的前提下，增大该密封腔603的内部空间，从而能提高可产气介质604的填充量，提高产气灵敏度。
在本实施方式中，第一极性件601和第二极性件602可以通过多种方式来实现围成罩状结构，该第一极性件601和第二极性件602可以通过左右对接的方式来实现。为方便密封第一极性件601和第二极性件602的对接端，如图15所示，第一极性件601和第二极性件602可以通过上下层叠的方式来形成该罩状结构。
具体地，如图15和图18所示，第一极性件601和第二极性件602之间具有纵截面呈H型结构的环形绝缘条608以使得第一极性件601与第二极性件602绝缘，罩状结构包括作为第一极性件601的罩体结构，以及作为第二极性件602的罩缘结构，该罩体结构和罩缘结构相接近的边缘分别嵌入并密封到该H型结构的相对两端的U型槽中，罩缘结构的外周缘与盖板固定相连。这样，通过分别将第一极性件601和第二极性件602分别嵌入该U型槽内，可以同时保证第一极性件601和第二极性件602之间的绝缘和密封的可靠性。
其中，该环形密封条608可以组装到第一极性件601和第二极性件602之间。为减少电流中断结构的装配工时，该环形绝缘条608一体形成于第一极性件601和第二极性件602上。具体地，可以通过注塑成型的方式实现环形绝缘条608一体形成与该第一极性件601和第二极性件602之间。
为方便可产气介质的注入到密封腔的操作，如图15和图19所示，罩体结构上形成有介质注入孔609，并且该介质注入孔609上堵塞有密封塞610。这样，可以在该电流中断结构装配到电池上后，再从电池的外部进行注入溶液操作，注液方式更灵活且操作方便。
为利于空间布置，并简化电流中断结构的零部件，盖板上安装有第一电极端子611和第二电极端子613，第一极性件601靠近电池的第一电极端子611设置，并与该第一电极端子611电连接，且该盖板612与电池的第二电极端子613电连接，电流中断结构安装在第一电极端子611或第二电极端子613上。这样，可以方便第一极性件601与第一电极端子611建立电连接关系，同时，该第二极性件602可以通过该盖板与第二电极端子613建立电连接关系，从而实现可产气介质与电池的正极或负极电连接，且简化电池盖板组件的整体结构。
具体地，在上述由第一电极端子611和第二电极端子613围成的罩状结构的实施方式 中，如图15、图18和图19所示，该罩体结构可以通过导电连接片625电连接在第一电极端子611上。此外，该罩缘结构通过固定到电池的盖板612上以通过该盖板与第二电极端子613建立电连接关系。
其中与第一实施方式和第二实施方式类似地，如图17和图18所示，电流中断结构还包括电连接在电极内端子和电极外端子之间的翻转件614，翻转件614的外周缘密封且绝缘地连接在盖板上，密封包与翻转件的内表面气体连通，以在气体的气压作用下，翻转件614动作以断开与电极内端子的电连接。电极内端子的外端面上固定有导电件615，翻转件614电连接在导电件615上，并且导电件615上形成有能够被气体的气压作用断开的刻痕616，该刻痕616围绕用于连接翻转件614的连接点设置。该翻转件614与导电件712中的一者上形成有凸台617，另一者上形成有容纳该凸台617的连接孔618，该凸台617和连接孔618之间通过环形焊点相连。从而能够及时感受从密封腔中流入到电池内部的气体的气压，而断开电池内端子和电池内端子的电连接。
进一步地，为实现翻转件稳定的密封装配的同时，对电流中断结构可以起到保护作用，翻转件614上还覆盖有覆盖件622，覆盖件622与翻转件614电连接以形成电极外端子。这样，覆盖件622可以作为电极外端子使用，即可以设置端子凸台而通过电极引出片等连接件与外界建立电流回路，例如与相邻的单体电池之间，或者相邻电池模组之间均可以通过电极引出片相连。
另外，覆盖件的外周缘可以密封连接在密封环620上，为了实现上述的气体外泄，覆盖件622上形成有连通外界的气孔623。另外，覆盖件上的气孔还可以使得电流中断结构与大气直接建立压差，从而实现翻转件的动作。
在本公开中，为实现电流中断结构在可产气介质产生的气体的作用下断开电池的电流传输，如图17所示，电池的盖板612上形成有供第二电极端子613穿过的通孔，第二电极端子613通过穿过该通孔的绝缘环619固定到盖板612上以与盖板612绝缘，翻转件614的外周缘通过环绕绝缘环619的密封环620密封且电连接到盖板612上，且盖板612上形成有位于密封环620和绝缘环619之间的过气孔621。即，第二电极端子613依次通过导电件615、翻转件614、密封环620与盖板612电连接，且同时通过绝缘环619与第二电极端子613绝缘设置，并且盖板612上形成有连通翻转件614和电池内部的过气孔621。这样，当电池在过充出气时，可产气介质604在第一极性件601和第二极性件602的电压差作用下会分解产生气体继而密封腔603内的气压升高，此时在一定的气压作用下，该泄压件605泄压，气体进入到电池内部并与该翻转件614相连通。电池内部的气压持续升高，直至断开导电件615和翻转件614之间的电连接，第二电极端子613便无法与密封环620、盖板612建立电连接，即翻转件614、密封环620和盖板612均不带电，从而实现电池的电流中断。
上面介绍了本公开的第六种实施方式的电池盖板组件，下面将结合图21至图25介绍本公开的第七种实施方式提供的电流中断组件。
如图21至图25所示，该电流中断结构700包括盖板、电极内端子和电极外端子，电极内端子和电极外端子之间通过安装在盖板上的电流中断结构电连接，并且电池盖板组件还包括用于与电芯的正负极电连接的第一集流引出片705和第二集流引出片709，以及用于填充可产气介质且位于盖板的内侧的密封包704，密封包上设置有分别与该可产气介质相接触的第一极性件701和第二极性件702，第一极性件与第一集流引出片电连接，第二极性件与第二集流引出片电连接，当第一极性件701和第二极性件702之间的电压差超过额定值时，可产气介质能够产生气体，且在该气体的气压作用下撕裂密封包704，以使得气体从密封包704中泄出并流通到电流中断结构以通过气压作用断开电极内端子和电极外端子之间的电连接。即，不同于上述的其他各种实施方式中的电池盖板组件，本公开的密封腔由密封包所围成。这样，可以单独生产能够分解气体的该密封包结构，并组装到该电池单体上，从而避免利用电池单体的结构件来围成该密封腔，简化电池单体的装配过程， 并简化电池单体的整体结构。
与上述第一种至第五种实施方式中密封腔的形成方式不同的是，在本实施方式中，围成该密封腔的密封包与该电流中断结构是相互独立的。因此，当单体电池处于常规状态下时，如图21至图23所示，密封包内的可产气介质没有反应，化学稳定性好，不会产生气体，此时密封包处于密封状态，因而单体电池可以正常地进行充放电工作；而当单体电池将要接近危险状态时，例如电池处于热失控初期，该可产气介质703能够分解产生大量气体以在该气体的气压作用下撕裂密封包704，此时密封包处于非密封状态，从而通过在该气压作用下该电流中断结构断开电极内端子和所述电极外端子之间的电连接。
其中，在第七种实施方式的电池盖板组件中，为方便加工该密封包704，如图24和图25所示，该密封包704可以形成为封装包，所述封装包的封装口设置为能够被所述气压作用撕裂的薄弱点。这样，当在气体的气压作用下，由于密封包704内开始蓄积气体，气压升高，从而可以使得该薄弱点首先被撕破，封装包内的气体释放到电池的内部，并在该气压作用下通过该电流中断结构断开电极内端子和电极外端子的电连接。具体地，该封装包还可以为不溶于电解质的例如铝塑膜制成。在其他变形方式中，该能够被所述气压作用撕裂的薄弱点还可以为形成于该密封包上的厚度较其他区域较薄的刻痕结构。
为方便该第一极性件701和第二极性件702充分地与可产气介质相接触，并且方便与电池的正负极电连接，如图24和图25所示，该第一极性件701和第二极性件702均位于该密封包的内侧。具体地，如图24所示，第一极性件701上具有穿过密封包704的第一极耳707，第二极性件702上具有穿过密封包704的第二极耳708，第一极耳707焊接到电池的第一集流引出片705上以使得第一极性件701与第一集流引出片705建立电连接关系，第二极耳708焊接到电池的第二集流引出片709上以使得第二极性件702与第二集流引出片709建立电连接关系，从而实现该密封包内的可产气介质与电池的正负极相连。其中，第一极耳707和第二极耳708可以分别焊接到第一极性件701和第二极性件702上。为简化装配，该第一极耳707和第二极耳708可以分别一体形成于该第一极性件701和第二极性件702上，例如，通过在第一极性件701和第二极性件702上一体形成极耳结构。这样，通过将第一极性件701和第二极性件702全部的放置于封装包内部，可以提高可产气介质与第一极性件701和第二极性件702之间的接触面积，从而提升可产气介质的产气灵敏度。另外，第一极性件701和第二极性件702只要至少部分封装于该封装包内，就可以实现与封装包内的可产气介质相接触，因此在其他变形方式中，该第一极性件701和第二极性件702也可以穿过该封装包而与电池的正负极电连接，即二者的部分位于该封装包内侧。
进一步地，为方便加工该封装包704，上述封装口具有位于所述封装包704相对两端的第一封装口706和第二封装口716，该第一极耳707穿过并密封连接到该第一封装口706上，该第二极耳708穿过并密封连接到该第二封装口716上。这样，第一封装口706和第二封装口716同时具有泄压口和极耳安装的作用，从而简化该封装包704的结构。
具体地，为利于空间布设，该封装包形成为沿电池的长度方向延伸的条状结构，且第一封装口706和第二封装口716分别位于该条状结构的不同端部。这样，由于该长条形结构的延伸方向与电池的长度方向相一致，从而可以充分地利用该电池内部的空间，并且不会占用过多的电池内部空间，对电池的内部零部件没有造成不良影响。
为方便将该密封包牢靠地固定到该第一集流引出片705和第二集流引出片709上，如图24所示，第一极耳707和第二极耳708均形成为具有水平段和竖直段的L形导电片，该第一极耳707的竖直段贴合并固定到第一集流引出片705上，第二极耳708的竖直段贴合并固定到第二集流引出片709上，该第一极耳707和第二极耳708的水平段分别与第一极性件701和第二极性件702相连。以此方式，能够使得该条状结构垂直连接在电池两侧的集流引出片之间，并且该竖直段提供了集流引出片和极耳之间充分的接触面积，从而使得密封包牢靠地固定到该集流引出片上。
为避免该封装包占用过多的电池内部空间，同时保证该密封包可靠的结构强度，如图25所示，第一极性件701和第二极性件702分别形成为极性相反的第一集流导电片和第二集流导电片，封装包的内侧还具有绝缘片710，第一集流导电片、绝缘片710、第二集流导电片顺次层叠并卷绕以形成沿所述电池的长度方向延伸的扁平结构。这样，通过将绝缘片设置于第一集流导电片和第二集流导电片之间，并且卷绕成沿所述电池的长度方向延伸的扁平结构，一方面扁平结构可以增强该封装包的整体结构强度，另一方面该扁平结构沿所述电池的长度方向延伸，可以充分利用电池的内部空间，避免占用电池内部的过多空间，使得该封装包结构更为紧凑。
需要说明的是，本实施方式提供的封装包内部结构和现有技术中的锂离子电池的内部结构基本相同，在不脱离本发明构思下，现有技术中的锂离子电池的内部零部件同样可以应用于本实施方式中的封装包结构。在此仅仅介绍二者的不同之处。具体地，在本实施方式中，第一极性件701和第二极性件702上不需要设置类似锂离子电池的正负极片上涂覆的正负极材料。另外，本公开中的封装包内部填充的为上述详细介绍的含有可产气介质的溶液，因而也不同于现有技术中锂离子电池内部的电解液组分。
基于此，作为一种示例性的实施方式，第一集流导电片例如可以为铜箔，第二集流导电片例如可以为铝箔。绝缘片例如可以为PE(polyethylene，聚乙烯)复合膜或PP(Polypropylene，聚丙烯)复合膜。
另外，本公开提供的封装包的制作方法与锂离子电池的制作方式也是基本相同，在此只简要介绍其中的一种制作方式。具体地，可以通过在不涂覆正负极材料的例如铜箔的第一集流导电片和例如铝箔的第二集流导电片之间设置该绝缘片，并将该三者卷绕成类似锂离子电池的导电极芯结构。该导电极芯结构例如通过铝塑膜封装，两个极耳引出，并分别焊接到电池的集流引出片上，从而实现与外部的电池电芯并联。并且该铝塑膜内注入有由上述锂盐、有机溶剂、可产气介质混合而成的溶液，以实现在额定电压下该可产气介质分解产生气体的目的。这样，当施加到第一极性件705和第二极性件706之间的电压差超过该额定值时，可产气介质产气大量气体，使得该铝塑膜的封口开启，封装包内的气体排出，从而迫使该机械结构断开电池的电流传递，实现与电池与外部电路的断路，提高电池的安全性。例如可以为设置在电池上的防爆阀。
其中与第一实施方式和第二实施方式类似地，如图21和图23所示，该电流中断结构还可以包括电连接在电极内端子和电极外端子之间的翻转件711，翻转件的外周缘密封且绝缘地连接在盖板上，密封包与翻转件的内表面气体连通，以在气体的气压作用下，翻转件711动作以断开与电极内端子的电连接。电极内端子的外端面上固定有导电件712，翻转件711电连接在导电件712上，并且导电件712上形成有能够被气体的气压作用断开的刻痕713，该刻痕713围绕用于连接翻转件711的连接点设置。翻转件711与导电件712中的一者上形成有凸台714，另一者上形成有容纳该凸台714的连接孔715，该凸台714和连接孔715之间通过环形焊点相连。从而能够及时感受从密封包中流入到电池内部的气体的气压，而断开电池内端子和电池内端子的电连接。
进一步地，为实现翻转件稳定的密封装配的同时，对电流中断结构可以起到保护作用，翻转件711上还覆盖有覆盖件716，覆盖件716与翻转件711电连接以形成电极外端子。
为了实现上述的气体外泄，覆盖件716上形成有连通外界的气孔718。
以上结合附图详细描述了本公开的优选实施方式，但是，本公开并不限于上述实施方式中的具体细节，在本公开的技术构思范围内，可以对本公开的技术方案进行多种简单变型，这些简单变型均属于本公开的保护范围。
另外需要说明的是，在上述具体实施方式中所描述的各个具体技术特征，在不矛盾的情况下，可以通过任何合适的方式进行组合，为了避免不必要的重复，本公开对各种可能的组合方式不再另行说明。此外，本公开的各种不同的实施方式之间也可以进行任意组合，只要其不违背本公开的思想，其同样应当视为本公开所公开的内容。

Claims (18)

  1. 一种电池盖板组件，其特征在于，包括盖板(104)、电极内端子和电极外端子，所述电极内端子与所述电极外端子之间通过安装在所述盖板(104)上的电流中断结构电连接，所述电流中断结构具有用于填充可产气介质的密封腔(103)，所述密封腔(103)构造为使得所述可产气介质分别与电池正负极电连接，并且在所述电池正负极之间的电压差超过额定值时，所述可产气介质能够产生气体，以在该气体的气压作用下断开所述电极内端子和所述电极外端子之间的电连接。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的电池盖板组件，其特征在于，所述额定值取值范围为4.5v～5v。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的电池盖板组件，其特征在于，所述可产气介质包括联苯、叔戊基笨、环己基苯、三联苯、环己基联苯和二苯并呋喃中的至少一者。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的电池盖板组件，其特征在于，所述电池盖板组件包括分别与所述可产气介质相接触的第一极性件(101)和第二极性件(102)，所述第一极性件(101)和所述第二极性件(102)中的一者用于与电池正极相连，另一者用于与电池负极相连，所述第一极性件(101)由所述电极内端子形成并与所述盖板(104)绝缘，所述第二极性件(102)密封且绝缘连接于所述盖板(104)上。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的电池盖板组件，其特征在于，所述电流中断结构还具有用于作为所述密封腔(103)部分腔壁的翻转件(105)，所述电极内端子和所述电极外端子之间通过所述翻转件(105)电连接，并且在所述气体的气压作用下，所述翻转件动作以断开所述电极内端子与所述电极外端子之间的电连接。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的电池盖板组件，其特征在于，所述电极内端子的外端面上固定有导电件(106)，所述翻转件(105)电连接在所述导电件(106)上，并且所述导电件(106)上形成有能够被所述气体的气压作用断开的刻痕(115)，该刻痕(115)围绕用于连接所述翻转件(105)的连接点设置。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的电池盖板组件，其特征在于，所述翻转件(105)与所述导电件(106)中的一者上形成有凸台(116)，另一者上形成有容纳该凸台(116)的连接孔(117)，所述凸台(116)和所述连接孔(117)之间通过环形焊点相连。
  8. 根据权利要求5-7中任意一项所述的电池盖板组件，其特征在于，所述电极内端子由沿内外方向延伸的极柱形成，所述翻转件(105)与所述极柱同轴设置并且从所述极柱径向向外延伸，所述极柱的侧面与所述翻转件(105)的外周缘密封且绝缘连接，以使得所述密封腔(103)形成为围绕所述极柱的轴线设置的环形空腔。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的电池盖板组件，其特征在于，所述极柱的内端部具有径向凸缘(107)，该径向凸缘(107)的外端面密封连接有内绝缘环(108)，所述盖板(104)密封连接到该内绝缘环(108)的外端面上以与所述极柱绝缘。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的电池盖板组件，其特征在于，所述径向凸缘(107)上形成有用于连通所述环形空腔的介质注入孔(109)。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的电池盖板组件，其特征在于，所述径向凸缘(107)的外 端面形成为阶梯结构，该阶梯结构具有接近所述极柱的轴线的内圈以及远离所述极柱的轴线的外圈，所述内圈的厚度大于所述外圈的厚度，所述内绝缘环(108)固定于所述外圈上，所述介质注入孔(109)从所述径向凸缘(107)的内端面延伸到所述内圈。
  12. 根据权利要求8所述的电池盖板组件，其特征在于，所述第二极性件(102)形成为环绕所述环形空腔的环形导电片，该环形导电片的内端面密封连接有第一外绝缘环(111)，所述盖板(104)密封连接到该第一外绝缘环(111)的内端面上以与所述环形导电片绝缘，所述环形导电片的外端面密封连接有第二外绝缘环(112)，所述翻转件(105)的外周缘密封连接到所述第二外绝缘环(112)的外端面上以与所述环形导电片绝缘。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的电池盖板组件，其特征在于，所述第二外绝缘环(112)的外端面上密封连接有密封环(110)，所述翻转件的外周缘密封连接在所述密封环(110)上，所述翻转件(105)上还覆盖有覆盖件(113)，所述覆盖件(113)与所述翻转件(105)电连接以形成所述电极外端子。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的电池盖板组件，其特征在于，所述覆盖件(113)上形成有连通外界的气孔(114)。
  15. 一种单体电池，该单体电池包括外壳、容纳于该外壳内的电芯，其特征在于，所述单体电池还包括根据权利要求1至14中任一项所述的电池盖板组件(100)，所述盖板(104)封装所述外壳，所述电芯与所述电极内端子电连接。
  16. 一种电池模组，其特征在于，所述电池模组内设置有根据权利要求15所述的单体电池。
  17. 一种动力电池包，包括包体和设置在该包体内的电池模组，其特征在于，所述电池模组为根据权利要求16所述的电池模组。
  18. 一种电动汽车，其特征在于，该电动汽车设置有根据权利要求17所述的动力电池包。
PCT/CN2018/079237 2017-03-31 2018-03-16 电池盖板组件、单体电池、电池模组、动力电池包和电动汽车 WO2018177135A1 (zh)

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