WO2018176878A1

WO2018176878A1 - Laser marking machine and automatic focusing and marking method therefor

Info

Publication number: WO2018176878A1
Application number: PCT/CN2017/113278
Authority: WO
Inventors: 徐强
Original assignee: 广州新可激光设备有限公司
Priority date: 2016-03-26
Filing date: 2017-11-28
Publication date: 2018-10-04
Also published as: WO2018177261A1; CN107755879A; CN107755879B; CN108526697A; CN208358035U; CN107839367A; WO2018176879A1; CN108526697B; CN208019618U; CN206747778U; CN107225322A

Abstract

Disclosed is a laser marking machine, comprising a rack (2) and a saddle (3) arranged on the rack and capable of moving up and down along the rack, wherein a laser marking component (4) is arranged on the saddle. The laser marking machine further comprises a controller (7) and a first driving component (6) arranged on the rack and used for driving the saddle to move up and down along the rack, and also comprises a distance measurement component (5) arranged on the laser marking component, wherein the distance measurement component comprises a laser indicator (51) and a photosensitive element (55); the laser indicator is used for emitting laser onto a surface of a marked object (10); the photosensitive element is used for receiving laser reflected by the surface of the marked object and sending a signal to the controller; the controller computes a perpendicular distance between the surface of the marked object and the distance measurement component according to the signal; and the driving component drives, according to the signal, the saddle to drive the laser marking component to move until a distance between a scanning head (41) and the surface of the marked object reaches a pre-set distance. Further disclosed is an automatic focusing and marking method for a laser marking machine. The laser marking machine and the automatic focusing and marking method therefor can ensure the accuracy of marking and increase the marking speed.

Description

Laser marking machine and automatic focus marking method thereof

Technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of laser marking, and particularly relates to a laser marking machine and an automatic focusing marking method thereof.

Background technique

The laser marking machine is a light and mechatronics device that combines laser technology and computer technology. At present, the application of laser marking technology in industry at home and abroad is being paid more and more attention. Various new marking equipments are emerging one after another. It is replacing the traditional marking method with its unique advantages. It can be used in various mechanical parts and electronic elements. Marks are printed on the surface of various objects such as devices, integrated circuit modules, instruments, and meters.

The working principle is that the laser generates laser light, and after being focused by the focusing lens, it is irradiated onto the surface of the marking object, and the marking effect is only ideal when the marking object is located at the focal length position. The prior art manually adjusts and focuses the marking machine manually. The manual adjustment reduces the working efficiency of the marking machine, and the adjustment error is large, which reduces the precision and speed of the marking.

Summary of the invention

The invention provides a laser marking machine and an automatic focusing marking method thereof, which solves the problem that the laser marking machine is manually adjusted to reduce the marking precision and speed in the prior art. The adopted scheme is:

Solution 1: A laser marking machine, comprising a marking machine for placing a marking object, a frame on the marking machine table, a pallet arranged on the frame and movable up and down the rack, and supporting A laser marking component is disposed on the stage; the laser marking component comprises a laser, an optical path component and a scanning head which are sequentially mounted; the optical path component comprises a plurality of concave lenses and/or convex lenses, between the laser and the scanning head, for adjusting the beam of the incident laser light Focal length; the marking laser is emitted from the laser, passes through the optical path component, and is incident on the scanning head; the scanning head includes a plurality of reflecting lenses for changing the direction of the marking laser to cause the marking laser to be emitted toward the marking machine; and the controller and a first driving component disposed on the frame for driving the pallet to move up and down the rack, the first driving component includes a plurality of driving motors, and the driving motor is directly or indirectly connected to the pallet, and the controller controls the driving motor to drive the pallet edge The rack moves up and down; and includes a ranging component that moves up and down with the pallet, the ranging component, the controller, and the first driving component are sequentially connected; the ranging component includes at least a light indicator, a filter and a photosensitive element, the photosensitive element has a strip-shaped photosensitive area, the filter is disposed in front of the strip-shaped photosensitive area, and the laser pointer and the strip-shaped photosensitive area are disposed to have at least one plane while passing the laser pointer The emitting direction of the indicating laser and the extending direction of both ends of the strip-shaped photosensitive region are emitted; the laser pointer emits a single-wavelength red or infrared indicating laser to the surface of the marking object in a bundle manner, and the surface of the marking object forms a diffuse reflection spot. After the reflection spot passes through the filter, it is taken up by the photosensitive element and imaged on the strip-shaped photosensitive area, and the connection direction of the diffuse reflection spot and the photosensitive element is set to be inconsistent with the direction of the indication laser emission; according to the spot on the strip-shaped photosensitive area The imaging position calculates an angle indicating the direction in which the laser is emitted and the direction in which the spot and the photosensitive element are connected, and further calculates the distance from the surface of the marking object to the scanning head, and feeds the distance information to the controller; the controller drives the first driving The component sends a control signal, and the driving motor of the first driving component drives the pallet and the laser marking component according to the control signal The laser scanning assembly with the header from the playing surface of the matching standard laser marking machine marking focal length.

Scheme 2: A laser marking machine, comprising: a marking machine for placing a marking object on a base and a base, marking The machine can be moved up and down. The rack is located above the marking machine. The pallet is set on the rack. The pallet is equipped with a laser marking component. The laser marking component includes lasers, optical components and scanning heads installed in sequence. The optical path assembly includes a plurality of concave lenses and/or convex lenses between the laser and the scanning head for adjusting the focal length of the incident laser beam, the marking laser is emitted from the laser, passes through the optical path assembly, and is incident on the scanning head, and the scanning head includes a plurality of reflecting lenses , for changing the direction of the marking laser, causing the marking laser to be emitted toward the marking machine; further comprising a controller and a second driving component for driving the marking machine to move up and down, the second driving component comprising a plurality of driving motors, The driving motor is directly or indirectly connected to the marking machine, the controller controls the driving motor to drive the marking machine to move up and down; and further comprises a distance measuring component, a distance measuring component, a controller and a second driving disposed on the laser marking component The components are connected in sequence; the distance measuring component comprises at least a laser pointer, a filter and a photosensitive element, and the photosensitive element has a strip-shaped photosensitive area and a strip shape The filter is disposed in front of the photosensitive area, and the laser pointer and the strip-shaped photosensitive area are disposed to have at least one plane simultaneously passing through the laser pointer to indicate an exit direction of the laser and an extending direction of both ends of the strip-shaped photosensitive area; the laser pointer is The method of bundling emits a single wavelength red or infrared indicating laser to the surface of the marking object, and a diffuse reflection spot is formed on the surface of the marking object, and the diffuse reflection spot is absorbed by the photosensitive element and imaged on the strip photosensitive region after being passed through the filter. The direction of the connection between the reflected spot and the photosensitive element is set to be different from the direction in which the laser is emitted; the angle between the direction in which the laser is emitted and the direction in which the light spot is connected to the photosensitive element is calculated according to different imaging positions of the spot on the strip-shaped photosensitive area, and Further calculating the distance from the surface of the marking object to the scanning head, and feeding back the distance information to the controller; the controller sends a control signal to the second driving component, and the driving motor of the second driving component drives the marking machine to move according to the control signal, Matching the surface of the marking object on the marking machine with the scanning head of the laser marking assembly to match the laser marking machine Marking focal length.

Preferably, the upper surface of the base is provided with a vertically extending sliding cavity, and the marking machine is disposed in the sliding cavity, and the second driving component connected to the marking machine is disposed in the sliding cavity.

The preferred ones of the first and second embodiments further include a control box, the control box is connected to the controller, and the control box is provided with a control button for controlling the ranging component to start and/or stop the ranging procedure.

Preferably, the laser pointer is used to emit an indication laser to the feature points preset on the surface of the marking object, the photosensitive element is used for taking spot information of the feature point, and the spot information is sent to the controller, and the controller calculates the spot information according to the spot information. a vertical distance of the feature point to the scan head and transmitting a control signal to the first drive component or the second drive component, the first drive component driving the pallet movement according to the control signal or the second drive component driving the marking machine movement according to the control information, The starting point of marking the surface of the marking object is located below the marking focal length of the scanning head of the laser marking component.

Preferably, the laser pointer is used to inject the indication laser to the surface of the marking object after the marking starting point of the marking object is located below the marking focal length of the scanning head of the laser marking component, and the photosensitive element is used for ingesting the feature point. Light spot information, and send spot information to the controller, the controller calculates a vertical distance from the surface of the marking object to the scan head according to the spot information and sends a fine adjustment signal to the first driving component or the second driving component, the first driving component or the second The drive component is used to drive the fine tuning calibration based on the trim signal.

Scheme 3: The auto-focus marking method of the laser marking machine places the marking object on the marking machine platform, directly below the scanning head;

Operating the control box, sending a control request to the controller, controlling the laser pointer of the ranging component to emit an indicating laser to the surface of the marking object, forming a diffuse reflection spot on the surface of the marking object, and the strip-shaped photosensitive area of the photosensitive element is facing the scanning head Receiving photographic information below;

If the strip photosensitive area does not pick up the information of the diffuse reflection spot, the controller controls the marking machine to move down or control the upshift of the tray to increase the distance between the scanning head and the marking object, and the photosensitive element is ingested again. The information of the diffuse reflection spot, such as the information that still does not ingest the diffuse reflection spot, increases the distance between the scanning head and the marking object again until the information or distance of the diffuse reflection spot is increased to the end of the stroke;

If the information of the diffuse reflection spot is not taken at the end of the stroke, the distance between the scan head and the marking object is gradually reduced until the information of the diffuse reflection spot or the distance between the scanning head and the marking object is basically Equal to the marking focal length, if it still does not ingest the information of the diffuse reflection spot, stop working and report an error;

After ingesting the information of the diffuse reflection spot, the controller calculates the distance between the current scanning head and the marking object, and controls the marking machine or the table to move to the distance between the scanning head and the marking object is substantially equal to the marking focal length. ;

The distance between the scanning head and the marking object is moved to a position substantially equal to the marking focal length, and the following actions are repeated: the controller calculates the distance between the current scanning head and the marking object, and controls the marking machine or the supporting machine. The distance moved by the table to the scanning head and the marking object is equal to the marking focal length;

The laser emits a marking laser, and the marking laser passes through the optical path component and the scanning head and then hits the marking object. The scanning head is used to control the marking laser to sequentially hit the surface of the marking object in a scanning manner, and the optical path component is used for changing. Marking the focal length of the marking laser to adapt to the high and low fluctuations of different positions on the surface of the marking object;

Using a computer with a display screen to connect the controller, input a visual pattern that needs to be printed on the surface of the marking object, the controller divides the pattern into a map consisting of a dot matrix, and the controller controls the scanning head to scan according to the dot pattern The marking laser is struck on the surface area of the marking object covered by the dot pattern, and the marking component of the optical path component controlling the marking laser falls on the surface of the marking object in the coverage area of the bitmap.

Preferably, the optical path assembly comprises at least one fixed convex lens and at least one movable concave lens; further comprising a guide rail extending along the direction of the marking laser light, a bracket disposed on the guide rail, the concave lens being fixed on the bracket, and including The swing motor is directly or indirectly connected to the bracket, and the swing motor control bracket slides back and forth along the guide rail, and the swing motor is connected with the controller.

The third option is to select a 3D digital model of the marking object in the computer. When the marking laser is shot on the surface of the marking object, the controller according to the digital model of the marking object and the surface spot measuring point of the marking object to the scanning head The distance is calculated from the real-time distance between the marking points on the surface of the marking object and the scanning head, and a signal is sent to the controller, and the controller controls the sliding position of the swinging motor adjusting bracket and the concave lens on the guide rail to dynamically match the marking focal length. The real-time distance between the punctuation and the scan head.

Preferably, the laser pointer is used to emit an indication laser to the feature points preset on the surface of the marking object, the photosensitive element is used for taking spot information of the feature points, and the spot information is sent to the controller, and the controller calculates the feature points according to the spot information. a vertical direction distance to the scan head and a control signal sent to the first drive component or the second drive component, the first drive component drives the pallet movement according to the control signal or the second drive component drives the marking machine to move according to the control information The starting point of the marking of the surface of the standard is located below the marking focal length of the scanning head of the laser marking component.

The third method is preferred: the laser pointer is used to mark the laser beam on the surface of the marking object after the marking starting point is located below the marking focal length of the scanning head of the laser marking component, and the photosensitive element is used to take the spot of the feature point. Information, and sending spot information to the controller, the controller calculates a vertical distance from the surface of the marking object to the scan head according to the spot information and sends a fine adjustment signal to the first driving component or the second driving component, the first driving component or the second driving component Used to drive fine-tuning calibration based on the trim signal.

Preferably, the laser pointer emits laser light to a feature point preset on the surface of the marking object; the photosensitive element receives the laser light reflected by the characteristic point and sends an induction signal to the controller.

Scheme 4: The autofocus marking method of the laser marking machine places the marking object on the marking machine platform, directly below the scanning head;

If the strip photosensitive area does not pick up the information of the diffuse reflection spot, the controller controls the marking machine to move down or control the upshift of the tray to increase the distance between the scanning head and the marking object to the maximum stroke position, the photosensitive element Re-ingesting the information of the diffuse reflection spot, such as the information that still does not ingest the diffuse reflection spot, begins to gradually reduce the distance between the scanning head and the marking object until the information of the diffuse reflection spot or the scanning head and the marking object are ingested. The distance between them is basically equal to the focal length of the marking, and if the information of the diffuse reflection spot is still not taken, the work stops and an error is reported;

Optimization of scheme 4: a 3D digital model of the marking object is stored in the computer. When the marking laser is shot on the surface of the marking object, the controller according to the digital model of the marking object and the surface spot measuring point of the marking object to the scanning head The distance is calculated from the real-time distance between the marking points on the surface of the marking object and the scanning head, and a signal is sent to the controller, and the controller controls the sliding position of the swinging motor adjusting bracket and the concave lens on the guide rail to dynamically match the marking focal length. The real-time distance between the punctuation and the scan head.

The fourth method is preferred: the laser pointer emits an indicating laser light on the surface of the marking object after the marking starting point of the marking object is located below the marking focal length of the scanning head of the laser marking component, and the photosensitive element is used for taking the spot of the characteristic point. Information, and sending spot information to the controller, the controller calculates a vertical distance from the surface of the marking object to the scan head according to the spot information and sends a fine adjustment signal to the first driving component or the second driving component, the first driving component or the second driving component Used to drive fine-tuning calibration based on the trim signal.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: since the invention emits laser light to the surface of the marking object through the laser pointer, the photosensitive element is configured to receive the laser light reflected by the surface of the marking object and send the sensing signal to the controller, and the controller calculates the hit according to the sensing signal. Marking the distance from the surface of the object to the distance measuring component and sending a control signal to the driving component, and driving the component to drive the laser marking component to move according to the control signal The object is located on the marking focal length of the laser marking component, or the driving marking platform is moved until the marking object is located on the marking focal length of the laser marking component. Therefore, the technical solution designed by the invention can automatically adjust the distance between the scanning head and the marking object to the marking focal length, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the marking and improving the marking speed.

DRAWINGS

Figure 1 is a schematic view showing the structure of a laser marking machine of the present invention

2 is a schematic structural view of a control box of a laser marking machine according to the present invention;

3 is a schematic view showing the working principle of the laser marking machine ranging component of the present invention

4 is a schematic view showing the working principle of the laser marking machine of the present invention

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of an optical path assembly of a laser marking machine according to the present invention;

Figure 6 is an enlarged view of the portion A in Figure 5

7 is a schematic diagram of the principle of automatic focus marking of the laser marking machine of the present invention

Figure 8 is a schematic view showing the structure of the working principle of the laser marking machine of the present invention

detailed description

The specific embodiments of the present invention are further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:

Example 1:

A laser marking machine, as shown in FIG. 1 to FIG. 3, comprises a base 1 on which a frame 2 is arranged, a vertical extending rail is arranged on the frame 2, and a pallet 3 is arranged on the rail. The pallet 3 is slidable along the guide rails.

A laser marking assembly 4 is disposed on the pallet 3, and the laser marking assembly includes a laser, an optical path assembly and a scanning head 41 which are sequentially mounted, and the laser marking assembly 4 is used to generate a marking laser, and the marking laser is emitted from the scanning head 41. Then, it is irradiated onto the marking object 10 on the marking platform 11.

The laser marking machine pallet 3 is connected to the first drive assembly 6, and the first drive assembly 6 is connected to the controller 7. The first drive assembly 6 includes a driver and a screw mechanism.

Also included is a control box 8 that is coupled to the controller, and a control button 81 is provided on the control box for controlling the ranging assembly to initiate and/or stop the ranging procedure. The control button 81 is manually operated to cause the controller to issue an instruction.

The carriage 3 is driven up and down along the guide rails on the frame 2 by the cooperation of the driver and the screw mechanism, thereby adjusting the distance between the scanning head 41 and the marking object 10.

A measuring unit 5 is disposed on one side of the scanning head 41. The distance measuring unit 5 includes a laser pointer 51, a focusing lens 52, a filter 53, a collecting lens 54, and a photosensitive element 55. The photosensitive element 55 has a strip shape thereon. The illuminating lens 54 and the filter 53 are disposed in front of the strip-shaped photosensitive area, and the laser pointer and the strip-shaped photosensitive area are disposed to have at least one plane simultaneously passing through the laser pointer to indicate the outgoing direction of the laser and the strip-shaped sensitization. Both ends of the area extend in the direction.

The photosensitive element 55, the controller 7 and the first driving assembly 6 are electrically connected in sequence, wherein the laser pointer 51 emits a single wavelength of red or infrared indicating laser light to the surface of the marking object via the focusing lens 54 in a bundled manner, and the surface of the marking object is formed. The diffuse reflection spot E, F, and the diffuse reflection spot are transmitted through the filter element 53 and the collecting lens 54, and are taken up by the photosensitive element 55 and imaged on the strip-shaped photosensitive area, as shown in FIG. As shown, the image of the spot E on the strip-shaped photosensitive area is de, the image of the spot F on the strip-shaped photosensitive area is df, the imaging positions of the different height positions on the strip-shaped photosensitive area are different, and there is a triangular relationship between them. .

The direction in which the diffuse reflection spot and the photosensitive member are connected is set so as not to coincide with the direction in which the laser is emitted.

The positional and angular relationship between the scanning head 41, the light indicator 51, the focusing lens 52, the filter 53, the collecting lens 54, and the photosensitive member 55 is known to each other depending on the different imaging of the spot on the strip-shaped photosensitive region. Position, combined with known data, calculate an angle α, β indicating the direction in which the laser is emitted and the direction in which the spot and the photosensitive element are connected, and further calculate the distance from the surface E, F of the marking object to the scanning head 41, and the distance Information is fed back to the controller.

The controller 7 of the present invention generally refers to a device for executing control commands and arithmetic data, which may be a large integrated circuit controller (CPU), or may be split into a plurality of small controllers according to functional requirements. In the different positions, the above settings are equivalent.

As shown in FIGS. 4, 5, and 6, the laser marking assembly includes a laser 42, a light path assembly 43, and a scanning head 41 that are sequentially mounted.

The optical path assembly 43 includes a support base 431, a bracket 432, a concave lens 433, and a convex lens 434 (in other embodiments, the convex lens and the concave lens may be interchanged and should be considered equivalent to the present embodiment). The support base 431 is provided with a guide rail 435 extending along the laser optical path. The bracket 432 is disposed on the guide rail 435 and slidable along the guide rail 435. The concave lens 433 (focus lens) is fixed on the bracket 432, and further includes a direct or indirect connection with the bracket. The swing motor 436 swings the motor control bracket back and forth in the direction of the guide rail, and the swing motor 436 is connected to the controller 7.

Therefore, when the bracket 432 slides on the guide rail 435, the concave lens 433 is also moved. The position of the concave lens 433 at the position of the guide rail 435 corresponds to the focal length of the marking laser. The marking laser is emitted from the laser, passes through the optical path assembly 43, is incident on the scanning head 41, and passes through the concave lens. The movement of the 433 on the guide rail 435 changes the focal length of the marking laser.

As shown in FIG. 7, when the marking object 10 is specifically marked, after the laser marking machine starts working, the laser pointer emits laser light to the surface of the marking object 10, and the laser generates diffuse reflection on the surface of the marking object 10, and is photosensitive. The component is configured to receive the laser light reflected by the surface of the marked object 10 to generate an induction and send an induction signal to the controller, and the controller is configured to calculate a vertical distance of the surface of the marking object 10 to the ranging component according to the sensing signal. The controller calculates the distance according to the linear propagation and emission angle of the laser. After the controller calculates the vertical distance from the surface of the marking object 10 to the ranging component, the controller sends a control signal to the first driving component 6, and the first driving component 6 uses The laser marking assembly 4 is driven to drive the pallet 3 according to the control signal until the marking object 10 is located on the marking focal length of the laser marking assembly 4. Thereafter, the laser marking machine marks the marking object 10 according to the position of the marking pattern on the virtual model.

In this embodiment, the first driving component 6 includes a driver and a screw mechanism. In other embodiments, the first driving component that can drive the laser marking component 3 to move up and down along the rail on the frame 2 by a control signal is It falls within the scope of protection of this embodiment. Meanwhile, the present embodiment measures the vertical distance from the surface of the marking object 10 to the distance measuring assembly 5.

In this embodiment, the laser pointer is used to emit an indication laser to the feature points preset on the surface of the marking object, the photosensitive element is used to take spot information of the feature point, and send spot information to the controller, and the controller calculates the feature point according to the spot information. Going to the vertical direction of the scan head and sending a control signal to the first driving component, the first driving component drives the pallet movement according to the control signal to drive the marking machine to move according to the control information, so that the marking surface of the marking object is located at the laser Below the marking focal length of the scanning head of the component.

After the marking point of the laser pointer is located below the marking focal length of the scanning head of the laser marking component, the laser pointer is again emitted to the surface of the marking object, and the photosensitive element is used for taking the spot information of the feature point and controlling the spot. Transmitting the spot information, the controller calculates the vertical distance from the surface of the marking object to the scanning head according to the spot information and sends a fine adjustment signal to the first driving component, the first driving group The device is driven to fine tune the calibration according to the trimming signal.

Example 2:

The difference between this embodiment and the embodiment 1 is mainly in the second drive assembly. Specifically:

The laser marking machine of the embodiment comprises a marking machine for placing a marking object on the base and the base, and the marking machine can be moved up and down, and the frame is located above the marking machine, and is arranged on the frame. The pallet is provided with a laser marking component, and the laser marking component comprises a laser, an optical path component and a scanning head which are sequentially installed.

The optical path assembly includes a plurality of concave lenses and/or convex lenses between the laser and the scanning head for adjusting the focal length of the incident laser beam, the marking laser is emitted from the laser, passes through the optical path assembly, and is incident on the scanning head, and the scanning head includes a plurality of reflecting lenses. It is used to change the direction of the marking laser so that the marking laser is emitted toward the marking machine.

The controller further includes a second driving component for driving the marking machine to move up and down, the second driving component comprises a plurality of driving motors, and the driving motor is directly or indirectly connected to the marking machine, and the controller controls the driving motor to drive the marking The machine moves up and down.

The utility model further comprises a distance measuring component arranged on the laser marking component, wherein the distance measuring component, the controller and the second driving component are connected in sequence; the distance measuring component comprises at least a laser pointer, a filter and a photosensitive element, and the photosensitive element has a strip shape In the photosensitive region, the filter is disposed in front of the strip-shaped photosensitive region, and the laser pointer and the strip-shaped photosensitive region are disposed to have at least one plane simultaneously passing through the laser pointer to indicate the exit direction of the laser and the extending direction of both ends of the strip-shaped photosensitive region. .

The laser pointer emits a single wavelength red or infrared indicating laser to the surface of the marking object in a bundle manner, and a diffuse reflection spot is formed on the surface of the marking object, and the diffuse reflection spot is absorbed by the photosensitive element and imaged in the strip photosensitive image after being transmitted through the filter. In the area, the connection direction of the diffuse reflection spot and the photosensitive element is set to be inconsistent with the direction of the indication laser exiting direction; and the direction of the laser exit direction and the direction of the connection between the spot and the photosensitive element are calculated according to the different imaging positions of the spot on the strip-shaped photosensitive area. The angle is further calculated and the distance from the surface of the marking object to the scanning head is further calculated, and the distance information is fed back to the controller.

The controller sends a control signal to the second driving component, and the driving motor of the second driving component drives the marking machine to move according to the control signal, so that the surface of the marking object on the marking machine matches the scanning head of the laser marking component The marking focal length of the laser marking machine.

The upper surface of the base is provided with a vertically extending sliding cavity, and the marking machine is disposed in the sliding cavity, and the second driving component connected to the marking platform is disposed in the sliding cavity.

A control box is further included, and the control box is connected to the controller, and the control box is provided with a control button for controlling the ranging component to start and/or stop the ranging procedure.

The laser pointer is used to emit an indication laser to the feature points preset on the surface of the marking object, the photosensitive element is used for taking spot information of the feature point, and the spot information is sent to the controller, and the controller calculates the vertical point of the feature point to the scan head according to the spot information. The direction distance sends a control signal to the second driving component, and the second driving component drives the marking machine to move according to the control information, so that the starting point of the marking surface is located below the marking focal length of the scanning head of the laser marking component.

After the marking point of the laser pointer is located below the marking focal length of the scanning head of the laser marking component, the laser pointer is again emitted to the surface of the marking object, and the photosensitive element is used for taking the spot information of the feature point and controlling the spot. The device sends the spot information, the controller calculates the vertical distance from the surface of the marking object to the scanning head according to the spot information and sends a fine adjustment signal to the second driving component, and the second driving component performs driving fine adjustment calibration according to the fine adjustment signal.

Example 3:

This embodiment is improved on the basis of

Embodiment

1 or 2. This embodiment is a scheme of a laser marking machine for a stereo marker.

As shown in FIG. 7, when specifically marking the marking object 10, the laser marking machine can also be connected to an external control terminal, such as a computer with a display screen. A virtual model of the marking object 10 is built in the control terminal, and the marking pattern is attached to the surface of the virtual model.

Since the virtual model of the marking object 10 is stored in the control terminal, and the parameters of the virtual model are also stored, as long as the distance from any point on the model to the ranging component 5 is known, any other point on the virtual model can be learned to the ranging. The distance of component 5. Therefore, in this embodiment, a feature point needs to be preset on the surface of the marking object 10, and the feature point may be any point that is easily recognized on the surface of the marking object 10, and the highest point or the lowest point of the surface of the marking object 10 may be selected. At the same time, the position of the point corresponding to the feature point in the virtual model is stored.

As shown in FIG. 7, the feature point 101 is preset as the highest point on the surface of the marking object 10, and the marking object 10 is placed on the marking platform 11, and the marking object 10 is moved to the laser light emitted by the laser pointer to the feature point. 101. The laser pointer is used to emit laser light to the feature point 101, the photosensitive element is used to receive the laser light reflected at the feature point 101, and the controller 8 calculates the vertical distance of the feature point 101 to the ranging component 5, and then marks any point on the object 10 to The vertical distance of the ranging assembly 5 shows that the laser marking machine can start marking from any point on the marking object 10, thus setting a marking initial point 102 and transmitting a control signal to the driving assembly. The drive assembly is operative to drive movement based on the control signal until the marking initial point 102 is at the marking focal length of the laser marking assembly 4. Thereafter, the internal program of the control terminal controls the laser marking machine to start marking from the marking initial point 102.

Example 4:

In Embodiment 1, when the first driving component 6 drives the laser marking component 4 to move to the marking focal length of the laser marking component 4, the position of the laser marking component 4 and the actual focal length position will be A larger error, especially when the first driving component 6 drives the laser marking component 4 to move a large distance, the error is greater. Therefore, the embodiment provides a fine tuning calibration scheme.

After the laser pointer is driven by the first driving component 6 to move the laser marking component 4 to the marking focal length of the laser marking component 4, the laser pointer again emits an indicating laser light to the surface of the marking object, and the photosensitive component receives the marking again. The laser reflected from the surface of the object and sending an induction signal to the controller, the controller again calculates the vertical distance of the surface of the marking object to the distance measuring component and sends a fine adjustment signal to the first driving component, and the first driving component is used to drive the laser according to the fine tuning signal The marking component is fine-tuned to improve the accuracy of the position adjustment.

Example 5:

This embodiment is an improvement on the basis of

Embodiments

1 and 2, and the specific improvement is as follows.

A laser marking machine, as shown in Figures 4, 5 and 8, includes a frame and a laser assembly 4 disposed on the frame, the laser marking assembly 4 includes a laser 42 for generating laser light and is sequentially disposed in The optical path assembly 43 and the scanning head 41 on the optical path of the laser light generated by the laser 42.

The scanning head 41 includes an X mirror 411 for adjusting the optical path to be deflected in the lateral direction, and a Y mirror 412 for adjusting the optical path to be deflected in the longitudinal direction. The marking laser is emitted from the laser 42 and is focused by the optical path assembly 43 and adjusted by the scanning head 44 to illuminate the surface of the marking object on the marking platform 10.

Example 6

This embodiment is an autofocus marking method adopted on the basis of the device of the above embodiment.

In the auto-focus marking method of the laser marking machine of the embodiment, the marking object is placed on the marking machine, directly under the scanning head square.

Operating the control box, sending a control request to the controller, controlling the laser pointer of the ranging component to emit an indicating laser to the surface of the marking object, forming a diffuse reflection spot on the surface of the marking object, and the strip-shaped photosensitive area of the photosensitive element is facing the scanning head Receive photographic information below.

If the strip photosensitive area does not pick up the information of the diffuse reflection spot, the controller controls the marking machine to move down or control the upshift of the tray to increase the distance between the scanning head and the marking object, and the photosensitive element is ingested again. Information on the diffuse reflection spot, such as information that still does not ingest the diffuse reflection spot, increases the distance between the scan head and the target again until the information or distance of the diffuse reflection spot is increased to the end of the stroke.

If the information of the diffuse reflection spot is not taken at the end of the stroke, the distance between the scan head and the marking object is gradually reduced until the information of the diffuse reflection spot or the distance between the scanning head and the marking object is basically It is equal to the marking focal length. If the information of the diffuse reflection spot is still not taken, it stops working and gives an error.

After ingesting the information of the diffuse reflection spot, the controller calculates the distance between the current scanning head and the marking object, and controls the marking machine or the table to move to the distance between the scanning head and the marking object is substantially equal to the marking focal length. .

The distance between the scanning head and the marking object is moved to a position substantially equal to the marking focal length, and the following actions are repeated: the controller calculates the distance between the current scanning head and the marking object, and controls the marking machine or the supporting machine. The distance moved by the table to the scanning head and the marking object is equal to the marking focal length.

The laser emits a marking laser, and the marking laser passes through the optical path component and the scanning head and then hits the marking object. The scanning head is used to control the marking laser to sequentially hit the surface of the marking object in a scanning manner, and the optical path component is used for changing. The marking focal length of the marking laser is adapted to the high and low fluctuations of different positions on the surface of the marking object.

The optical path assembly comprises at least one fixed convex lens and at least one movable concave lens; further comprising a guide rail extending along the direction of the marking laser light, a bracket disposed on the rail, the concave lens being fixed on the bracket, and further comprising directly or indirectly connected to the bracket The swing motor, the swing motor control bracket slides back and forth along the guide rail, and the swing motor is connected to the controller.

The computer stores a 3D digital model of the marking object. When the marking laser is shot on the surface of the marking object, the controller calculates the hitting according to the digital model of the marking object and the distance from the surface spot measuring point of the marking object to the scanning head. The real-time distance between the marking points on the surface of the target and the scanning head, and sends a signal to the controller. The controller controls the sliding position of the swinging motor adjusting bracket and the concave lens on the guide rail to dynamically match the marking focal length with the marking point and the scanning head. Real-time distance.

The laser pointer is used to emit an indication laser to the feature points preset on the surface of the marking object, the photosensitive element is used for taking spot information of the feature point, and the spot information is sent to the controller, and the controller calculates the vertical point of the feature point to the scan head according to the spot information. Directional distance and sending a control signal to the first driving component or the second driving component, the first driving component drives the pallet movement according to the control signal or the second driving component drives the marking machine to move according to the control information, so that the surface of the marking object is marked The starting point is below the marking focal length of the scanning head of the laser marking assembly.

After the marking point of the laser pointer is located below the marking focal length of the scanning head of the laser marking component, the laser pointer is again emitted to the surface of the marking object, and the photosensitive element is used for taking the spot information of the feature point and controlling the spot. Send spot information, controller Calculating a vertical distance from the surface of the marking object to the scanning head according to the spot information and transmitting a fine adjustment signal to the first driving component or the second driving component, and the first driving component or the second driving component is configured to perform driving fine adjustment calibration according to the fine adjustment signal.

Example 7

In the autofocus marking method of the laser marking machine of this embodiment, the marking object is placed on the marking machine table, directly under the scanning head.

If the strip photosensitive area does not pick up the information of the diffuse reflection spot, the controller controls the marking machine to move down or control the upshift of the tray to increase the distance between the scanning head and the marking object to the maximum stroke position, the photosensitive element Re-ingesting the information of the diffuse reflection spot, such as the information that still does not ingest the diffuse reflection spot, begins to gradually reduce the distance between the scanning head and the marking object until the information of the diffuse reflection spot or the scanning head and the marking object are ingested. The distance between them is basically equal to the marking focal length, and if the information of the diffuse reflection spot is still not taken, the work stops and an error is reported.

The laser pointer is used to emit an indication laser to the feature points preset on the surface of the marking object, the photosensitive element is used for taking spot information of the feature point, and the spot information is sent to the controller, and the controller calculates the vertical point of the feature point to the scan head according to the spot information. Directional distance and sending a control signal to the first driving component or the second driving component, the first driving component drives the pallet movement according to the control signal or the second driving component drives the marking machine to move according to the control information, so that the surface of the marking object is marked The starting point is located under the marking focal length of the scanning head of the laser marking component square.

After the marking point of the laser pointer is located below the marking focal length of the scanning head of the laser marking component, the laser pointer is again emitted to the surface of the marking object, and the photosensitive element is used for taking the spot information of the feature point and controlling the spot. Transmitting the spot information, the controller calculates a vertical distance from the surface of the marking object to the scanning head according to the spot information and sends a fine adjustment signal to the first driving component or the second driving component, and the first driving component or the second driving component is configured to adjust the signal according to the fine adjustment Perform a fine tuning calibration.

The overall beneficial effect of the present invention is: since the present invention emits laser light to the surface of the marking object by the laser pointer, the photosensitive element is used for taking in the spot information reflected by the surface of the marking object and transmitting an sensing signal to the controller, and the controller according to the sensing The signal calculates the distance from the surface of the marking object to the ranging component and sends a control signal to the driving component. The first driving component drives the laser marking component to move according to the control signal to the marking focal length of the laser marking component, or The two driving components drive the marking platform according to the control signal to move the marking object to the marking focal length of the laser marking component; the automatic focusing marking method of the invention ensures the marking accuracy and improves the marking speed.

Variations and modifications of the above-described embodiments may also be made by those skilled in the art in light of the above disclosure. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed and described, and the modifications and variations of the invention are intended to fall within the scope of the appended claims. In addition, although the specific terms are used in the specification, these terms are merely for convenience of description and do not constitute any limitation to the present invention.

Claims

A laser marking machine, comprising: a marking machine for placing a marking object, a frame on the marking machine table, a pallet arranged on the frame and movable up and down the frame, A laser marking component is arranged on the pallet; the laser marking component comprises a laser, an optical path component and a scanning head which are sequentially installed;

The optical path assembly includes a plurality of concave lenses and/or convex lenses between the laser and the scanning head for adjusting the focal length of the incident laser beam; the marking laser is emitted from the laser, passes through the optical path assembly, and is incident on the scanning head; the scanning head includes a plurality of reflecting lenses, Used to change the direction of the marking laser, so that the marking laser is emitted toward the marking machine;

The utility model further comprises a controller and a first driving component arranged on the frame for driving the pallet to move up and down the rack, the first driving component comprises a plurality of driving motors, the driving motor is directly or indirectly connected to the pallet, and the controller controls the driving The motor drive pallet moves up and down the rack;

The utility model further comprises a distance measuring component moving up and down with the pallet, the distance measuring component, the controller and the first driving component are connected in sequence; the distance measuring component comprises at least a laser pointer, a filter and a photosensitive element, and the photosensitive element has a strip photosensitive area The filter is disposed in front of the strip-shaped photosensitive region, and the laser pointer and the strip-shaped photosensitive region are disposed to have at least one plane simultaneously passing through the laser pointer to indicate an exit direction of the laser and an extending direction of both ends of the strip-shaped photosensitive region;

The laser pointer emits a single wavelength red or infrared indicating laser to the surface of the marking object in a bundle manner, and a diffuse reflection spot is formed on the surface of the marking object, and the diffuse reflection spot is absorbed by the photosensitive element and imaged in the strip photosensitive image after being transmitted through the filter. In the area, the connection direction of the diffuse reflection spot and the photosensitive element is set to be inconsistent with the direction of the indication laser exiting direction; and the direction of the laser exit direction and the direction of the connection between the spot and the photosensitive element are calculated according to the different imaging positions of the spot on the strip-shaped photosensitive area. Angle, and further calculate the distance from the surface of the marking object to the scanning head, and feed back the distance information to the controller;

The controller sends a control signal to the first driving component, and the driving motor of the first driving component drives the pallet and the laser marking component to move according to the control signal, so that the distance between the scanning head of the laser marking component and the surface of the marking object matches the laser marking The marking focal length of the machine.
The invention relates to a laser marking machine, which comprises: a marking machine for placing a marking object on a base and a base, the marking machine can be moved up and down, and the frame is located above the marking machine, and is arranged in the frame. On the upper pallet, a laser marking component is arranged on the pallet, and the laser marking component comprises a laser, an optical path component and a scanning head which are sequentially installed;

The optical path assembly includes a plurality of concave lenses and/or convex lenses between the laser and the scanning head for adjusting the focal length of the incident laser beam, the marking laser is emitted from the laser, passes through the optical path assembly, and is incident on the scanning head, and the scanning head includes a plurality of reflecting lenses. Used to change the direction of the marking laser, so that the marking laser is emitted toward the marking machine;

The controller further includes a second driving component for driving the marking machine to move up and down, the second driving component comprises a plurality of driving motors, and the driving motor is directly or indirectly connected to the marking machine, and the controller controls the driving motor to drive the marking The machine moves up and down;

The utility model further comprises a distance measuring component arranged on the laser marking component, wherein the distance measuring component, the controller and the second driving component are connected in sequence; the distance measuring component comprises at least a laser pointer, a filter and a photosensitive element, and the photosensitive element has a strip shape In the photosensitive region, the filter is disposed in front of the strip-shaped photosensitive region, and the laser pointer and the strip-shaped photosensitive region are disposed to have at least one plane simultaneously passing through the laser pointer to indicate the exit direction of the laser and the extending direction of both ends of the strip-shaped photosensitive region. ;

The laser pointer emits a single wavelength red or infrared indicating laser to the surface of the marking object in a bundle manner, and a diffuse reflection spot is formed on the surface of the marking object, and the diffuse reflection spot is absorbed by the photosensitive element and imaged in the strip photosensitive image after being transmitted through the filter. In the area, the connection direction of the diffuse reflection spot and the photosensitive element is set to be inconsistent with the direction of the indication laser exiting direction; and the direction of the laser exit direction and the direction of the connection between the spot and the photosensitive element are calculated according to the different imaging positions of the spot on the strip-shaped photosensitive area. Angle, and further calculate the distance from the surface of the marking object to the scanning head, and feed back the distance information to the controller;

The controller sends a control signal to the second driving component, and the driving motor of the second driving component drives the marking machine to move according to the control signal, so that the surface of the marking object on the marking machine matches the scanning head of the laser marking component The marking focal length of the laser marking machine.
The laser marking machine according to claim 2, wherein the upper surface of the base is provided with a vertically extending sliding cavity, the marking machine is disposed in the sliding cavity, and the sliding cavity is disposed in the sliding cavity. The second drive assembly.
The laser marking machine according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising a control box, wherein the control box is connected to the controller, and the control box is provided with a control button for controlling the ranging component to start and/or stop the measurement. From the program.
The laser marking machine according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the laser pointer is used for emitting a pointing laser to the feature points preset on the surface of the marking object, and the photosensitive element is used for taking spot information of the feature points and controlling the light spot. Transmitting the spot information, the controller calculates the vertical distance of the feature point to the scan head according to the spot information and sends a control signal to the first driving component or the second driving component, and the first driving component drives the pallet movement or the second driving according to the control signal The component drives the marking machine to move according to the control information, so that the marking starting point of the marking object is located below the marking focal length of the scanning head of the laser marking component.
The laser marking machine according to claim 5, wherein the laser pointer emits an indication to the surface of the marking object again after the marking starting point is located below the marking focal length of the scanning head of the laser marking component. a laser, the photosensitive element is configured to take spot information of the feature point, and send spot information to the controller, and the controller calculates a vertical distance from the surface of the marked object to the scan head according to the spot information and sends a fine adjustment to the first driving component or the second driving component. The signal, the first drive component or the second drive component is used to drive the fine adjustment calibration according to the trimming signal.
The autofocus marking method of the laser marking machine according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that:

Place the marker on the marking machine, directly below the scanning head;

Operating the control box, sending a control request to the controller, controlling the laser pointer of the ranging component to emit an indicating laser to the surface of the marking object, forming a diffuse reflection spot on the surface of the marking object, and the strip-shaped photosensitive area of the photosensitive element is facing the scanning head Receiving photographic information below;

If the strip photosensitive area does not pick up the information of the diffuse reflection spot, the controller controls the marking machine to move down or control the upshift of the tray to increase the distance between the scanning head and the marking object, and the photosensitive element is ingested again. The information of the diffuse reflection spot, such as the information that still does not ingest the diffuse reflection spot, increases the distance between the scanning head and the marking object again until the information or distance of the diffuse reflection spot is increased to the end of the stroke;

If the information of the diffuse reflection spot is not taken at the end of the stroke, the distance between the scan head and the marking object is gradually reduced until the information of the diffuse reflection spot or the distance between the scanning head and the marking object is basically Equal to the marking focal length, if it still does not ingest the information of the diffuse reflection spot, stop working and report an error;

After ingesting the information of the diffuse reflection spot, the controller calculates the distance between the current scanning head and the marking object, and controls the marking machine or the table to move to the distance between the scanning head and the marking object is substantially equal to the marking focal length. ;

The distance between the scanning head and the marking object is moved to a position substantially equal to the marking focal length, and the following actions are repeated: the controller calculates the distance between the current scanning head and the marking object, and controls the marking machine or the supporting machine. The distance moved by the table to the scanning head and the marking object is equal to the marking focal length;

The laser emits a marking laser, and the marking laser passes through the optical path component and the scanning head and then hits the marking object. The scanning head is used to control the marking laser to sequentially hit the surface of the marking object in a scanning manner, and the optical path component is used for changing. Marking the focal length of the marking laser to adapt to the high and low fluctuations of different positions on the surface of the marking object;

Using a computer with a display screen to connect the controller, input a visual pattern that needs to be printed on the surface of the marking object, the controller divides the pattern into a map consisting of a dot matrix, and the controller controls the scanning head to scan according to the dot pattern The marking laser is struck on the surface area of the marking object covered by the dot pattern, and the marking component of the optical path component controlling the marking laser falls on the surface of the marking object in the coverage area of the bitmap.
The autofocus marking method of the laser marking machine according to claim 7, wherein the optical path assembly comprises at least one fixed convex lens and at least one movable concave lens; and further comprises a guide rail extending along the direction of the marking laser light. The bracket is disposed on the guide rail, and the concave lens is fixed on the bracket, and further comprises a swing motor directly or indirectly connected to the bracket. The swing motor control bracket slides back and forth along the guide rail, and the swing motor is connected with the controller.
The autofocus marking method of the laser marking machine according to claim 8, wherein the computer stores a 3D digital model of the marking object, and when the marking laser is incident on the surface of the marking object, the controller according to the marking The digital model of the object and the distance from the spot measuring point of the marking object to the scanning head calculate the real-time distance between the marking points on the surface of the marking object and the scanning head, and send a signal to the controller, and the controller controls the swinging motor adjusting bracket and The sliding position of the concave lens on the guide rail is such that the marking focal length dynamically matches the real-time distance between the marking point and the scanning head.
The autofocus marking method of the laser marking machine according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that:

Place the marker on the marking machine, directly below the scanning head;

Operating the control box, sending a control request to the controller, controlling the laser pointer of the ranging component to emit an indicating laser to the surface of the marking object, forming a diffuse reflection spot on the surface of the marking object, and the strip-shaped photosensitive area of the photosensitive element is facing the scanning head Receiving photographic information below;

If the strip photosensitive area does not pick up the information of the diffuse reflection spot, the controller controls the marking machine to move down or control the upshift of the tray to increase the distance between the scanning head and the marking object to the maximum stroke position, the photosensitive element Re-ingesting the information of the diffuse reflection spot, such as the information that still does not ingest the diffuse reflection spot, begins to gradually reduce the distance between the scanning head and the marking object until the information of the diffuse reflection spot or the scanning head and the marking object are ingested. The distance between them is basically equal to the focal length of the marking, and if the information of the diffuse reflection spot is still not taken, the work stops and an error is reported;

After ingesting the information of the diffuse reflection spot, the controller calculates the distance between the current scanning head and the marking object, and controls the marking machine or the table to move to the distance between the scanning head and the marking object is substantially equal to the marking focal length. ;

The distance between the scanning head and the marking object is moved to a position substantially equal to the marking focal length, and the following actions are repeated: the controller calculates the distance between the current scanning head and the marking object, and controls the marking machine or the supporting machine. The distance moved by the table to the scanning head and the marking object is equal to the marking focal length;

The laser emits a marking laser, and the marking laser passes through the optical path component and the scanning head and then hits the marking object. The scanning head is used to control the marking laser to sequentially hit the surface of the marking object in a scanning manner, and the optical path component is used for changing. Marking the focal length of the marking laser to adapt to the high and low fluctuations of different positions on the surface of the marking object;

Using a computer with a display screen to connect the controller, input a visual pattern that needs to be printed on the surface of the marking object, the controller divides the pattern into a map consisting of a dot matrix, and the controller controls the scanning head to scan according to the dot pattern The marking laser is struck on the surface area of the marking object covered by the dot pattern, and the marking component of the optical path component controlling the marking laser falls on the surface of the marking object in the coverage area of the bitmap.