CN108161232A - A kind of method and device of laser curved surface engraving - Google Patents
A kind of method and device of laser curved surface engraving Download PDFInfo
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- CN108161232A CN108161232A CN201711308457.9A CN201711308457A CN108161232A CN 108161232 A CN108161232 A CN 108161232A CN 201711308457 A CN201711308457 A CN 201711308457A CN 108161232 A CN108161232 A CN 108161232A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/36—Removing material
- B23K26/361—Removing material for deburring or mechanical trimming
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/70—Auxiliary operations or equipment
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/70—Auxiliary operations or equipment
- B23K26/702—Auxiliary equipment
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacture Or Reproduction Of Printing Formes (AREA)
- Laser Beam Processing (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of method and devices of laser curved surface engraving, and the transmission power of laser is adjusted to ranging power first, makes laser with the ranging power production laser firing signals；It carries out receiving the corresponding laser reflection signal of the laser firing signals by photodetector；Ranging is carried out according to the laser firing signals and the laser reflection signal and obtains the distance between carved object and laser；Then, the transmission power of laser is adjusted to scribe power, laser is made to send out laser firing signals with the scribe power；The laser is controlled to be focused and carved according to the distance between the carved object that ranging obtains and laser；The present invention utilizes the function of laser head itself, makes it not only for carving for ranging and Focus tracking by power conditioning circuitry, not only testing result is more accurate, but also structure more simple and compact, hardware cost are lower.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to laser-engraving technique field, particularly a kind of method and its application this method of laser curved surface engraving
System.
Background technology
Rapid laser carving is using based on Numeric Control Technology, and laser is process medium, and Mechanical ＆ Electrical Transmission is power.Process material
Material moment under the action of laser beam makes material surface thermal change gasify, and laser engraving is made to achieve the purpose that processing.Laser Processing is special
Point：Thermosol area is small in the range of laser beam focus, and joint-cutting is narrow, and surface is indeformable, high precision machining, and speed is fast etc., using neck
Domain is extensive.
In the prior art, laser engraving is all based on X-axis, the two dimensional surface engraving of Y-axis mostly；But laser curved surface is carved
It carves, due to the irregularities of curved surface, prevents the focus of laser from most preferably focusing on, the continuous variation of laser focal leads to two dimension
The utilization carved in curved surface of laser engraving in the problem of can not being accurately aimed at there is focus, seriously affect processing effect.
In order to solve the focus alignment issues of laser, the focus of the prior art mainly includes from the control system of motion tracking：
1. contact tracking system：It is usually made of a mechanical driving device and some inductance type transducers, will focus on
The relative displacement on mirror and processing object surface is converted to voltage and is used for control system；
2. contactless tracking system：It is typically that a capacitance type sensor is filled on laser head, utilizes the laser head
On test using capacitance sensor to the variation of capacitance detect the relative distance of focus lamp and processing object surface；
3. mechanical tracking system：As described in the specification of Chinese invention patent CN104588885B, including appliance stand
On laser and dead weight laser focusing mechanism；Dead weight laser focusing mechanism is equipped with the focal length positioning adjustment being aligned with laser beam
Block and focusing micromatic setting, focus lamp, which is mounted on, to be focused in micromatic setting, deviates center on dead weight laser focusing mechanism bottom surface
The position of point is equipped with focus tracking positioning ball, so as to be focused tracking during abnormal curved surface laser engraving.
But all it is that processing is detected using analog signal for the 1st, 2 two kind of induction type tracking；And swashing
In light engraving cutting process, ionization can be generated in processing district, form electromagnetic interference, testing result is had an impact；For
3rd kind of mechanical tracking, not only structure is excessively complicated, but also easily generates mechanical wear, and service life is low.
Invention content
To solve the above problems, providing a kind of method and device of laser curved surface engraving, laser head was both used for the present invention
Engraving is again for ranging and Focus tracking, and not only testing result is more accurate, but also structure more simple and compact, hardware cost are lower.
To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is：
A kind of method of laser curved surface engraving, includes the following steps：
A. the transmission power of laser is adjusted to ranging power, makes laser with the ranging power production Laser emission
Signal；
B. it carries out receiving the corresponding laser reflection signal of the laser firing signals by photodetector；
C. ranging is carried out according to the laser firing signals and the laser reflection signal and obtains carved object and laser
The distance between；
D. the transmission power of laser is adjusted to scribe power, laser is made to send out Laser emission with the scribe power
Signal；
E. the laser is controlled to be focused and carved according to the distance between the carved object that ranging obtains and laser
It carves.
Preferably, in the step c, the calculating of the distance between the carved object and laser refers to pass through light
The laser reflection signal is converted to electric signal by electric explorer, by the work of electric signal control counter, is obtained described sharp
The sampling time of light emission signal is to the duration between the receiving time of corresponding electric signal, so as to be obtained according to the duration calculation
To the distance between carved object and laser.
Further, the counter is started counting up when being sampled to obtain sampled signal to laser firing signals, and
When receiving the laser firing signals and corresponding to electric signal, the counting of the counter is closed by the electric signal, so as to
Obtain duration of the transmitting between receiving.
Preferably, in the step c, the calculating of the distance between the carved object and laser, refer to pass through by
The laser reflection signal is focused on the photodetector and is imaged, and obtains flare, according to the flare
Image space carry out calculate the distance between carved object and laser.
Further, the photodetector is moved with the Laser synchronisation and relative position is constant；It is described carved
When the level height of object is constant, i.e., described carved object and the distance between laser are constant, then on the photodetector
Flare is motionless；During the elevational change of the carved object, i.e., the change of the distance between described carved object and laser
Change, then the position of the flare on the photodetector moves；According to the displacement distance of the flare, pass through
Similar Principle of Triangle carries out that the distance between corresponding carved object and laser is calculated.
It is corresponding, the present invention also provides a kind of laser curved surface engraving device, including：
Laser, for sending out laser firing signals to carved object；
Power conditioning circuitry, for adjusting the transmission power of the laser firing signals, the transmission power includes engraving
Power and ranging power；
Photodetector, for receiving the corresponding laser reflection signal of the laser firing signals；
Main control MCU is engraved for carrying out ranging according to the laser firing signals and the laser reflection signal
The distance between object and laser；
The transmission power of the laser is first adjusted to ranging power by the power conditioning circuitry, passes through the master control
After MCU progress rangings obtain the distance between carved object and laser；The power conditioning circuitry is again by the laser
Transmission power is adjusted to scribe power, the progress of the distance between carved object and laser that the laser is obtained according to ranging
Focusing and engraving.
Further, receiving lens are further included, are set to before the photodetector, for receiving carved object
Laser reflection signal, and the laser reflection signal is focused on the photodetector.
Preferably, counter is further included, the calculating of the distance between the carved object and laser refers to pass through photoelectricity
The laser reflection signal is converted to electric signal by detector, by the work of electric signal control counter, obtains the laser
Emit the sampling time of signal to the duration between the receiving time of corresponding electric signal, so as to be obtained according to the duration calculation
The distance between carved object and laser；Wherein, the counter is sampling laser firing signals to obtain sampling letter
Number when start counting up, and when receiving the laser firing signals and corresponding to electric signal, pass through the electric signal and close the meter
The counting of number device, so as to obtain duration of the transmitting between receiving.
Preferably, the calculating of the distance between the carved object and laser, refers to by the way that the laser reflection is believed
It number focuses on the photodetector and to be imaged, obtain flare, carried out according to the image space of the flare
Calculate the distance between carved object and laser；Wherein, the photodetector and the Laser synchronisation move and opposite
Position is constant；When the level height of the carved object is constant, i.e., described carved object and the distance between laser are constant, then
Flare on the photodetector is motionless；During the elevational change of the carved object, i.e., described carved object with
The variation of the distance between laser, then the position of the flare on the photodetector move；According to the reflection
The displacement distance of hot spot carries out that the distance between corresponding carved object and laser is calculated by Similar Principle of Triangle
Preferably, x-axis motion, y-axis motion, z-axis motion are further included；Pass through the x-axis motion
The engraving position of control laser is carried out with the y-axis motion, and passes through z-axis motion and laser and light is adjusted
The distance between the height of electric explorer, the carved object and laser that are obtained according to ranging carries out height to the laser
It adjusts, focus is made to remain focused on carved object, carved object is carved.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：
A kind of method and device of laser curved surface engraving of the present invention, utilizes the function of laser head itself, passes through power
Adjusting circuit makes it not only for carving for ranging and Focus tracking, and not only testing result is more accurate, but also structure is simpler
It is compact, hardware cost is lower.
Description of the drawings
Attached drawing described herein is used to provide further understanding of the present invention, and forms the part of the present invention, this hair
Bright illustrative embodiments and their description do not constitute improper limitations of the present invention for explaining the present invention.In the accompanying drawings：
Fig. 1 is a kind of general flow chart of the method for laser curved surface engraving of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is a kind of light path schematic diagram of the device of laser curved surface engraving of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a kind of structure diagram of the device of laser curved surface engraving of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
In order to make technical problems, technical solutions and advantages to be solved clearer, clear, tie below
Closing accompanying drawings and embodiments, the present invention will be described in further detail.It should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein is only used
To explain the present invention, it is not intended to limit the present invention.
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, the method for a kind of laser curved surface of the invention engraving, includes the following steps：
A. the transmission power of laser is adjusted to ranging power, makes laser with the ranging power production Laser emission
Signal；
B. it carries out receiving the corresponding laser reflection signal of the laser firing signals by photodetector；
C. ranging is carried out according to the laser firing signals and the laser reflection signal and obtains carved object and laser
The distance between；
D. the transmission power of laser is adjusted to scribe power, laser is made to send out Laser emission with the scribe power
Signal；
E. the laser is controlled to be focused and carved according to the distance between the carved object that ranging obtains and laser
It carves.
In the step a, the ranging power is mainly set according to the distance between carved object and laser
It puts.In the step d, the scribe power is more than the ranging power, and the scribe power is mainly according to carved
Material, carving depth of object etc. are configured.
The computational methods of the distance between the carved object and laser may include two kinds：
1. during using timing ranging：The laser reflection signal is converted to by electric signal by photodetector, passes through electricity
The work of signal control counter, obtain sampling times of the laser firing signals to corresponding electric signal receiving time it
Between duration, so as to according to the duration calculation obtain the distance between carved object and laser.Further, the counting
Device is started counting up when being sampled to obtain sampled signal to laser firing signals, and is worked as and received the laser firing signals pair
When answering electric signal, the counting of the counter is closed by the electric signal, so as to obtain duration of the transmitting between receiving.
2. during using shift position ranging：It is carried out by the way that the laser reflection signal is focused on the photodetector
Imaging, obtains flare, according to the image space of the flare calculate between carved object and laser away from
From.Further, the photodetector is moved with the Laser synchronisation and relative position is constant；The water of the carved object
When flat highly constant, i.e., described carved object and the distance between laser are constant, then the reflected light on the photodetector
Spot is motionless；During the elevational change of the carved object, i.e., the variation of the distance between described carved object and laser, then institute
The position for stating the flare on photodetector moves；According to the displacement distance of the flare, pass through triangle
The principle of similitude carries out that the distance between corresponding carved object and laser is calculated.
As preferred embodiment, the present invention uses above-mentioned 2nd kind of distance measuring method, using by laser, lens and photoelectricity
Detector carries out trigonometry laser ranging.Laser is in itself other than being used for carving cutting, and the laser beam that sends out is reached and carved
It is reflected after carving object, the laser of reflection passes through the focusing of lens, is imaged on photodetector.Photodetector and laser
It is synchronized with the movement, relative position is constant, if the level height of carved object is constant, i.e., the distance of laser to carved object is not
Become, then by reflection and the laser beam of lens focus, the hot spot on photodetector will not move.If the water of carved object
Flat height changes, then hot spot of the laser beam reflected on photodetector can also move, the sculptured surface height of carved object
The distance of distance and the hot spot movement of variation is proportional, can be calculated by Similar Principle of Triangle.
As shown in Figures 2 and 3, the present invention also provides a kind of laser curved surface engraving device, including：
Laser, for sending out laser firing signals to carved object；
Power conditioning circuitry, for adjusting the transmission power of the laser firing signals, the transmission power includes engraving
Power and ranging power；
Photodetector, for receiving the corresponding laser reflection signal of the laser firing signals；
Main control MCU is engraved for carrying out ranging according to the laser firing signals and the laser reflection signal
The distance between object and laser；
The transmission power of the laser is first adjusted to ranging power by the power conditioning circuitry, passes through the master control
After MCU progress rangings obtain the distance between carved object and laser；The power conditioning circuitry is again by the laser
Transmission power is adjusted to scribe power, the progress of the distance between carved object and laser that the laser is obtained according to ranging
Focusing and engraving.
In the present embodiment, receiving lens are further included, are set to before the photodetector, for receiving carved object
Laser reflection signal, and the laser reflection signal is focused on the photodetector.Laser is by main control MCU control
System, for carving and cutting.Photodetector is used to receive after laser reflection and by the laser reflection signal of lens focus, and
The signal detected is converted to electric signal, then electric signal after treatment is sent to special electric signal processing circuit
Main control MCU calculates the distance between sculptured surface of laser and carved object.
Range unit carries out that different structures is configured according to different distance measuring methods：
1. during using timing ranging：Further include counter, the calculating of the distance between the carved object and laser is
Refer to and the laser reflection signal is converted to by electric signal by photodetector, by the work of electric signal control counter, obtain
To the sampling time of the laser firing signals to the duration between the receiving time of corresponding electric signal, so as to according to it is described when
The distance between carved object and laser is calculated in length；Wherein, the counter is sampled to laser firing signals
It obtains starting counting up during sampled signal, and when receiving the laser firing signals and corresponding to electric signal, passes through the electric signal
The counting of the counter is closed, so as to obtain duration of the transmitting between receiving.
2. during using shift position ranging：It is carried out by the way that the laser reflection signal is focused on the photodetector
Imaging, obtains flare, according to the image space of the flare calculate between carved object and laser away from
From；Wherein, the photodetector is moved with the Laser synchronisation and relative position is constant；The level of the carved object is high
When spending constant, i.e., described carved object and the distance between laser are constant, then the flare on the photodetector is not
It is dynamic；During the elevational change of the carved object, i.e., the variation of the distance between described carved object and laser, then the light
The position of flare on electric explorer moves；It is similar by triangle according to the displacement distance of the flare
Principle carries out that the distance between corresponding carved object and laser is calculated
In addition, further include x-axis motion, y-axis motion, z-axis motion；By the x-axis motion and
The y-axis motion carries out the engraving position of control laser, and passes through z-axis motion and laser and photoelectricity is adjusted
The distance between the height of detector, the carved object and laser that are obtained according to ranging carries out height tune to the laser
Section, makes focus remain focused on carved object and carved object is carved.Specifically, carved object and laser is calculated
After the distance between device, main control MCU judges whether this distance is optimum distance of the laser to sculptured surface, if it is, laser
Focus is in optimum state；If it is not, then it is compensated according to the distance calculated.The z-axis motion includes z-axis electricity
Machine and z-axis motor-drive circuit；Main control MCU converts offset the semaphore of z-axis motor in order to control, and semaphore passes through z-axis electricity
The height of laser is adjusted in drive circuit, and the distance for making laser to sculptured surface reaches desired value, so as to fulfill coke
The best focusing of point.
It should be noted that each embodiment in this specification is described by the way of progressive, each embodiment weight
Point explanation is all difference from other examples, and just to refer each other for identical similar part between each embodiment.
For device embodiment, since it is basicly similar to embodiment of the method, so description is fairly simple, related part referring to
The part explanation of embodiment of the method.
The method and device of laser curved surface using the present invention engraving carries out real time distance focusing, using laser in itself both
Can carve but can ranging function, by being adjusted to the switching of laser emitting power, realize in original two axis two dimensional surface of x, y
It on the basis of engraving, adds in z-axis and carries out the height of laser and adjust, ensure that focus, still can be under different horizontal positions
Optimum focusing is kept, laser is allow to carry out curved surface engraving.
The preferred embodiment of the present invention has shown and described in above description, it should be understood that the present invention is not limited to this paper institutes
The form of disclosure is not to be taken as the exclusion to other embodiment, and can be used for other combinations, modifications, and environments, and energy
Enough in this paper invented the scope of the idea, modifications can be made through the above teachings or related fields of technology or knowledge.And people from this field
The modifications and changes that member is carried out do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention, then all should be in the protection of appended claims of the present invention
In the range of.
Claims (10)
- A kind of 1. method of laser curved surface engraving, which is characterized in that include the following steps：A. the transmission power of laser is adjusted to ranging power, laser is made to believe with the ranging power production Laser emission Number；B. it carries out receiving the corresponding laser reflection signal of the laser firing signals by photodetector；C. ranging is carried out according to the laser firing signals and the laser reflection signal to obtain between carved object and laser Distance；D. the transmission power of laser is adjusted to scribe power, laser is made to send out Laser emission letter with the scribe power Number；E. the laser is controlled to be focused and carved according to the distance between the carved object that ranging obtains and laser.
- 2. a kind of method of laser curved surface engraving according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：It is described in the step c The calculating of the distance between carved object and laser, refers to the laser reflection signal is converted to electricity by photodetector Signal by the work of electric signal control counter, obtains sampling times of the laser firing signals to corresponding electric signal Receiving time between duration, so as to according to the duration calculation obtain the distance between carved object and laser.
- 3. a kind of method of laser curved surface engraving according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：The counter is to laser Transmitting signal starts counting up when being sampled to obtain sampled signal, and corresponds to electric signal when receiving the laser firing signals When, by the counting of the electric signal closing counter, so as to obtain duration of the transmitting between receiving.
- 4. a kind of method of laser curved surface engraving according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：It is described in the step c The calculating of the distance between carved object and laser, refers to by the way that the laser reflection signal is focused to the photodetection It is imaged on device, obtains flare, carried out calculating carved object and laser according to the image space of the flare The distance between.
- 5. a kind of method of laser curved surface engraving according to claim 4, it is characterised in that：The photodetector and institute It states Laser synchronisation movement and relative position is constant；When the level height of the carved object is constant, i.e., described carved object with The distance between laser is constant, then the flare on the photodetector is motionless；The level height of the carved object During variation, i.e., the variation of the distance between described carved object and laser, then the position of the flare on the photodetector It puts and moves；According to the displacement distance of the flare, carry out that corresponding quilt is calculated by Similar Principle of Triangle The distance between carving and laser.
- 6. a kind of device of laser curved surface engraving, which is characterized in that including：Laser, for sending out laser firing signals to carved object；Power conditioning circuitry, for adjusting the transmission power of the laser firing signals, the transmission power includes scribe power With ranging power；Photodetector, for receiving the corresponding laser reflection signal of the laser firing signals；Main control MCU, for according to the laser firing signals and the laser reflection signal carry out ranging obtain carved object with The distance between laser；The transmission power of the laser is first adjusted to ranging power by the power conditioning circuitry, by the main control MCU into After row ranging obtains the distance between carved object and laser；The power conditioning circuitry is again by the transmitting work(of the laser Rate be adjusted to the distance between scribe power, carved object and laser that the laser is obtained according to ranging carry out focusing and Engraving.
- 7. a kind of device of laser curved surface engraving according to claim 6, it is characterised in that：Receiving lens are further included, It is set to before the photodetector, for receiving the laser reflection signal of carved object, and by the laser reflection signal It focuses on the photodetector.
- 8. a kind of device of laser curved surface engraving according to claim 6, it is characterised in that：Counter is further included, it is described The calculating of the distance between carved object and laser, refers to the laser reflection signal is converted to electricity by photodetector Signal by the work of electric signal control counter, obtains sampling times of the laser firing signals to corresponding electric signal Receiving time between duration, so as to according to the duration calculation obtain the distance between carved object and laser；Wherein, The counter is started counting up when being sampled to obtain sampled signal to laser firing signals, and is sent out when receiving the laser When penetrating signal and corresponding to electric signal, the counting of the counter is closed by the electric signal, so as to obtain transmitting between receiving Duration.
- 9. a kind of device of laser curved surface engraving according to claim 6, it is characterised in that：The carved object and laser The calculating of the distance between device refers to be imaged by the way that the laser reflection signal is focused on the photodetector, Flare is obtained, is carried out calculating the distance between carved object and laser according to the image space of the flare；Its In, the photodetector is moved with the Laser synchronisation and relative position is constant；The level height of the carved object is not During change, i.e., described carved object and the distance between laser are constant, then the flare on the photodetector is motionless；Institute When stating the elevational change of carved object, i.e., the variation of the distance between described carved object and laser, then the photoelectricity spy The position for the flare surveyed on device moves；According to the displacement distance of the flare, pass through Similar Principle of Triangle It carries out that the distance between corresponding carved object and laser is calculated.
- 10. a kind of device of laser curved surface engraving according to claim 6, it is characterised in that：Further include x-axis fitness machine Structure, y-axis motion, z-axis motion；Control laser is carried out by the x-axis motion and the y-axis motion Engraving position, and pass through the height that laser and photodetector is adjusted in z-axis motion, the quilt obtained according to ranging The distance between carving and laser carry out height adjusting to the laser, focus are made to remain focused on carved object Carved object is carved.
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| CN201711308457.9A CN108161232A (en) | 2017-12-11 | 2017-12-11 | A kind of method and device of laser curved surface engraving |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112171071A (en) * | 2020-09-28 | 2021-01-05 | 歌尔科技有限公司 | Laser etching method, laser etching device, electronic equipment and laser etching system |
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| CN106077972A (en) * | 2016-07-12 | 2016-11-09 | 潍坊学院 | A kind of real-time carving depth that actively controls realizes the method and apparatus of laser three-D stereo carving |
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| CN112171071A (en) * | 2020-09-28 | 2021-01-05 | 歌尔科技有限公司 | Laser etching method, laser etching device, electronic equipment and laser etching system |
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