WO2018166303A1 - 骨内泄压钉 - Google Patents

骨内泄压钉 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018166303A1
WO2018166303A1 PCT/CN2018/074898 CN2018074898W WO2018166303A1 WO 2018166303 A1 WO2018166303 A1 WO 2018166303A1 CN 2018074898 W CN2018074898 W CN 2018074898W WO 2018166303 A1 WO2018166303 A1 WO 2018166303A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
nail
pressure relief
disposed
opening
nail cap
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2018/074898
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
祝颂松
陈杉
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SI CHUAN UNIV
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SI CHUAN UNIV
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Publication date
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Priority to US16/465,395 priority Critical patent/US12496389B2/en
Publication of WO2018166303A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018166303A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M1/00—Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
    • A61M1/71—Suction drainage systems
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M1/00—Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
    • A61M1/84—Drainage tubes; Aspiration tips
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M3/00—Medical syringes, e.g. enemata; Irrigators
    • A61M3/02—Enemata; Irrigators
    • A61M3/0279—Cannula; Nozzles; Tips; their connection means
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M2205/00—General characteristics of the apparatus
    • A61M2205/75—General characteristics of the apparatus with filters
    • A61M2205/7545—General characteristics of the apparatus with filters for solid matter, e.g. microaggregates
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M2210/00—Anatomical parts of the body
    • A61M2210/02—Bones
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
    • Y02A50/30—Against vector-borne diseases, e.g. mosquito-borne, fly-borne, tick-borne or waterborne diseases whose impact is exacerbated by climate change

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the field of medical instruments, and particularly relates to an intraosseous pressure relief nail.
  • a cyst of the jaw refers to the appearance of a cystic mass containing fluid in the jaw, which gradually increases and the jaw expands and destroys.
  • the treatment of jaw cysts is generally performed by root canal or pressure relief nails for intraosseous pressure excretion.
  • the existing pressure relief screw comprises a nail rod, the two ends of the nail rod are open, the interior is a cavity, and the side wall of the nail rod is provided with a through hole communicating with the inner cavity of the nail rod. Since the two ends of the nail rod are open, the end of the nail rod is often blocked by food during the eating process, which is not conducive to the pressure in the bone, and is easy to cause infection, which seriously affects the treatment effect.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an intraosseous pressure relief nail which can avoid the entry of foreign matter and facilitate the cleaning inside the bone.
  • an intraosseous pressure relief nail comprising a nail rod having an intermediate cavity therein, and a nail cap rotatably disposed on one end of the nail rod; a pressure relief portion is disposed, the pressure relief portion communicates the intermediate cavity with the outside; a cleaning rod opening is disposed on the nail rod segment in the nail cap, and the cleaning opening is in communication with the intermediate cavity, the side of the nail cap
  • the wall is provided with an opening and closing opening, and the opening and closing opening is rotatable with the nut to a state of being in communication with the cleaning opening.
  • the pressure relief portion includes a pressure relief hole provided on the nail cap.
  • the pressure relief hole is disposed at the top of the nail cap, and the two ends of the pressure relief hole are respectively located on the inner and outer surfaces of the top of the nail cap, and the pressure releasing portion further comprises an outer surface disposed on the top of the nail cap. Filter layer.
  • the pressure relief portion is disposed at the top of the nail cap, and the pressure relief portion is formed by at least two concave curved flaps whose upper ends are fitted to each other.
  • the pressure relief portion is disposed at the top of the nail cap, the pressure relief portion is a ball arcuate closed end, and the ball arcuate closed end is formed by at least three convex arcuate flaps.
  • the pressure relief portion is disposed at the top of the nail cap, and the pressure relief portion includes a valve cavity having a lower intake end and an upper outlet end, and a spool and a spring disposed in the valve chamber sequentially disposed along the flow direction of the airflow.
  • the top wall of the valve chamber is provided with a spring slot, one end of the spring abuts against the valve core, and the other end of the spring abuts against the spring slot.
  • the pressure relief portion is disposed at a top of the nail cap, and the pressure relief portion includes a cavity having a lower end air inlet and an upper air outlet, and an elastic valve disposed in the cavity and closing the lower air inlet
  • the sheet when the pressure in the intermediate cavity is greater than the outside atmospheric pressure, the free end of the elastic valve piece can move toward the upper end air outlet to open the lower end air inlet.
  • the bottom wall of the cavity on the side of the lower end inlet is provided with a valve plate fixing column, one end of the elastic valve piece is fixedly disposed on the valve plate fixing column, and the other end of the elastic valve piece is attached to the lower end.
  • the bottom wall of the cavity on the other side of the inlet is provided with a valve plate fixing column, one end of the elastic valve piece is fixedly disposed on the valve plate fixing column, and the other end of the elastic valve piece is attached to the lower end.
  • the lower end of the nail cap is provided with a first buckle and a second buckle
  • the sidewall of the nail rod is provided with a first club head corresponding to the first buckle and the second buckle respectively
  • a second club head the first club head is matched with the first gripper and can be embedded therein
  • the second club head is matched with the second gripper and can be embedded therein; when the nut cap is rotated to the first When the head is embedded in the first buckle, the opening and closing opening is not in communication with the cleaning opening; when the nail cap is rotated until the second head is embedded in the second buckle, the opening and closing opening communicates with the cleaning opening.
  • the outer side wall of the shank on the upper side of the first head and the second head is provided with an annular convex structure
  • the inner wall of the nail cap is provided with a concave structure matching the convex structure;
  • the raised structure is embedded in the recessed structure to connect the shank and the nut together and to rotate relative to each other.
  • the invention has the beneficial effects that by providing the nail cap with the pressure releasing portion at the end of the nail rod, the patient in the treatment can be prevented from causing the nail rod to be blocked during the eating process, thereby ensuring the patency of the pressure relief;
  • the opening and the opening and closing opening which can communicate with the cleaning opening, when the bone is required to be cleaned, the nail cap is rotated to a position where the opening and closing opening communicates with the cleaning opening, and the cleaning liquid can be added to the intermediate cavity through the cleaning opening. Cleaning is performed to improve the therapeutic effect of core decompression.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing the implementation of a first embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 2 is a plan view of Figure 1;
  • Figure 3 is a schematic view showing the implementation of a second embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing the structure of the first head when the first head is embedded in the first buckle according to the second embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 5 is a left side view of Figure 4.
  • Figure 6 is a schematic view showing the implementation of a third embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 7 is a schematic view showing the implementation of a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 8 is a schematic view showing the implementation of a fifth embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 9 is a schematic view showing the implementation of a sixth embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 10 is a schematic view showing the implementation of a seventh embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 11 is a schematic view showing the implementation structure of the nail rod in the second to seventh embodiments of the present invention.
  • Figure 12 is a plan view of Figure 11;
  • the figure is labeled: the shank 100, the intermediate cavity 110, the cleaning opening 120, the first shank 130, the second shank 140, the raised structure 150, the nail cap 200, the opening and closing opening 210, the pressure relief hole 221, and the filtering Layer 222, concave curved flap 231, convex curved flap 241, valve chamber 251, lower intake end 252, upper outlet end 253, spool 254, spring 255, spring slot 256, O-ring 257,
  • the intraosseous pressure relief nail includes a shank 100 having an intermediate cavity 110 therein, and is rotatably disposed on the nail a nail cap 200 on one end of the rod 100; a pressure relief portion is disposed on the nail cap 200, and the pressure relief portion communicates the intermediate cavity 110 with the outside; a cleaning opening 120 is disposed on the rod portion of the nail rod 100 located in the nail cap 200, and is cleaned The opening 120 communicates with the intermediate cavity 110.
  • the side wall of the nail cap 200 is provided with an opening and closing opening 210. The opening and closing opening 210 can be rotated with the nail cap 200 to communicate with the cleaning opening 120.
  • the nail rod 100 is generally provided with an external thread for mounting it into the bone for treatment;
  • the nail rod 100 may be a tubular structure with open ends, or a structure with a through hole on the side wall, or It is a cylindrical structure with a plurality of through holes in the side wall; in order to facilitate pressure relief in the bone, a plurality of uniformly distributed through holes are generally provided on the side wall of the nail rod 100, and the through holes are respectively connected to the intermediate cavity 110. through.
  • the nail cap 200 generally includes a cap and a flange disposed at a lower end of the cap; the cap 200 is mounted by a flange, and the flange is generally a regular hexagonal structure to facilitate the screw cap installation; the stem 100 is implanted After being inserted into the bone, the nail cap 200 is used to seal on the exposed end of the nail rod 100, so as to prevent the patient in the treatment from causing the intermediate cavity 110 inside the nail rod 100 to be blocked during the feeding process; the nail cap 200 is provided with a leak.
  • the pressure part can make the pressure release in the bone smooth, which is beneficial to ensure the therapeutic effect.
  • the rotatable arrangement of the nail cap 200 on one end of the nail rod 100 may be various, such as a screw connection arrangement, a clearance fit arrangement or a bearing connection arrangement, etc.; when cleaning the bone is required, by rotating the nail cap 200 to the cleaning
  • the position where the opening 120 communicates with the opening and closing opening 210 can be washed by adding the cleaning liquid to the intermediate cavity 110 through the cleaning opening 120, thereby improving the therapeutic effect on the patient.
  • the fixing structure includes two fixed states of the pair of nail caps 200, one is a fixed state when the cleaning opening 120 communicates with the opening and closing opening 210, and the other is a fixed state when the cleaning opening 120 is not in communication with the opening and closing opening 210;
  • the fixing structure may be of various types, preferably the structure shown in FIG. 3 to FIG. 12, that is, the lower end of the nail cap 200 is provided with a first catch 270 and a second catch 280, and the side wall of the nail rod 100 is disposed.
  • first head 130 and a second head 140 corresponding to the first catch 270 and the second catch 280 respectively, and the first head 130 is matched with the first catch 270 and can be embedded therein, the second rod
  • the head 140 is matched with the second catch 280 and can be embedded therein; when the nail cap 200 is rotated until the first head 130 is embedded in the first catch 270, the opening and closing opening 210 is not in communication with the cleaning opening 120, as shown in FIG. 6 ⁇ 10; when the nail cap 200 is rotated until the second head 140 is inserted into the second catch 280, the opening and closing opening 210 communicates with the cleaning opening 120, as shown in FIG.
  • the arc between the first catch 270 and the second catch 280 is smaller than the arc between the first head 130 and the second head 140, based on the axis of the nail 100.
  • the first catch 270 is provided with an embedded portion that can be embedded in the first head 130, and the first catch 270 is on the side opposite to the first head 130.
  • An access notch communicating with the embedded portion is provided; the nail cap 200 is screwed to move the first catch 270 toward the first head 130, and the first head 130 can be embedded in the first catch 270 by entering the gap.
  • the second catch 280 is provided with an embedded portion that can be embedded in the second head 140, and the second catch 280 is provided on the side opposite to the second head 140 with the embedded portion. Entering the notch; screwing the nail cap 200 to move the second catch 280 toward the second head 140, and the second head 140 can be inserted into the embedded portion of the second catch 280 through the entry gap.
  • the entry gap on the first catch 270 and the entry gap on the second catch 280 are located on a side farther from each other, and the first catch 270 and the second catch 280 are both materials with strong elastic deformation capability. Made, for example: rubber.
  • the outer side wall of the shank 100 on the upper side of the first head 130 and the second head 140 is provided with an annular convex structure 150 on the inner wall of the nail cap 200.
  • a recessed structure 290 is provided that mates with the raised structure 150; the raised structure 150 is embedded in the recessed structure 290 to connect the shank 100 and the nut 200 together and to be relatively rotatable.
  • the above-mentioned rotatable connection structure not only facilitates the connection of the nail rod 100 and the nail cap 200, but also is easy to disassemble.
  • the pressure relief portion includes a pressure relief hole 221 disposed on the nail cap 200 .
  • a pressure relief hole 211 is generally provided at the top of the nail cap 200, and both ends of the pressure relief hole 211 are respectively located on the inner and outer surfaces of the top of the nail cap 200.
  • the pressure relief holes 221 are generally provided in plurality, and the plurality of pressure relief holes 221 may be distributed on the nail cap 200 in various manners, preferably in a distribution manner as shown in FIG. 2, that is, the plurality of pressure relief holes 221 are evenly distributed in the intermediate cavity. Directly above 110.
  • the pressure relief portion further includes a filter layer 222 disposed on the outer surface of the top of the nail cap 200.
  • the filter layer 222 may be made of a filter cloth, a dense microporous material, or the like.
  • the pressure relief portion is provided at the top of the nail cap 200, and the pressure relief portion is constituted by at least two concave curved flaps 231 whose upper ends are fitted to each other.
  • the concave curved flap 231 is opened to close the pressure, and the internal pressure is released; when the pressure in the intermediate cavity 110 is less than or equal to the external atmospheric pressure, the concave curved shape
  • the flaps 231 are in a state of being fitted to each other to form a backflow prevention structure similar to the venous flap, thereby avoiding the entry of food or the like, and also guiding the liquid to prevent the liquid from entering the intermediate cavity 110.
  • the intraosseous pressure relief nail further includes a protective mesh cover 300 disposed on the top of the nail cap 200.
  • the protective mesh cover 300 is used to cover the pressure relief portion formed by the concave curved flap 231, which is usually made of a mesh material.
  • the pressure relief portion is disposed at the top of the nail cap 200, the pressure relief portion is a closed end of the ball arc surface, and the closed end of the ball arc surface is formed by at least three convex arcs.
  • the flap 241 is constructed. When the pressure in the intermediate cavity 110 is greater than the external atmospheric pressure, the convex curved flap 241 constituting the closed end of the arcuate surface is outwardly opened to release the pressure inside the bone; when the pressure in the intermediate cavity 110 is less than or equal to the external atmospheric pressure The closed end of the arcuate surface of the ball is closed, so as to avoid the entry of food and the like, and the liquid can be diverted to prevent the liquid from entering the intermediate cavity 110.
  • the protective net cover 300 is also generally protected by a pressure relief portion of the closed end structure of the ball.
  • the pressure relief portion is disposed at the top of the nail cap 200, and the pressure relief portion includes a valve chamber 251 having a lower intake end 252 and an upper outlet end 253, and along The flow direction of the air flow is sequentially disposed in the valve body 251 and the spring 255 in the valve chamber 251; the top wall of the valve chamber 251 is provided with a spring slot 256, one end of the spring 255 is against the valve core 254, and the other end of the spring 255 is abutted Spring slot 256.
  • the top of the nail cap 200 is mainly composed of upper and lower parts. After the components are installed into the valve cavity 251, they are fixedly connected by ultrasonic welding or the like; a valve cavity 251 is disposed in the top of the nail cap 200, and the upper part of the valve cavity 251 is disposed.
  • the lower portion of the valve chamber 251 is a lower intake end 252 that communicates with the intermediate cavity 110; the spool 254 is typically made of plastic, preferably PP plastic; typically, the spring 255 will The spool 254 is abutted such that the spool 254 is in contact with the bottom wall surface surrounding the valve chamber 251 to form a seal.
  • the valve core 254 When the pressure in the intermediate cavity 110 is less than or equal to the external atmospheric pressure, the valve core 254 is in contact with the bottom wall surface surrounding the valve cavity 251 to prevent food or the like from entering the intermediate cavity 110; when the pressure in the intermediate cavity 110 is greater than the external atmospheric pressure, The spool 254 is subjected to a greater pressure than the spring 255, and the spool 254 is retracted to open the lower intake end 252, escaping the pressure in the intermediate cavity 110.
  • the flow direction of the airflow refers to the direction in which the gas flows when the pressure in the intermediate cavity 110 is released from the pressure relief portion, that is, the direction from the lower intake end 252 to the upper outlet end 253.
  • the spool 254 includes a spool rod and a tapered plug disposed at the end of the spool rod, and the spring 255 is disposed on the spool rod and located at the tapered plug and the spring slot 256.
  • the pressure relief portion further includes an O-ring 257; the tapered plug head is provided with a conical sealing surface, a cylindrical surface and an annular platform surface in the flow direction of the air flow, and the O-ring 257 is disposed on the cylinder surface and the annular platform. Between the faces.
  • a tapered surface matching the tapered sealing surface is generally provided on the bottom wall surface of the valve chamber 251.
  • valve core 254 Under the action of the spring 255, the valve core 254 is in contact with the bottom wall surface surrounding the valve chamber 251 to form a surface seal. Under the elastic force of the spring 255, the O-ring 257 and the bottom wall surface of the valve chamber 251 are formed to form a secondary seal to further improve the sealing effect.
  • a pressure relief portion is provided at the top of the nail cap 200, and the pressure relief portion includes a cavity 261 having a lower end air inlet 262 and an upper end air outlet 263, and a setting
  • the elastic valve piece 264 is closed in the cavity 261 and the lower end air inlet 262 is closed.
  • the port 262 is open.
  • the upper portion of the cavity 261 is an upper end air outlet 263 communicating with the outside, and the lower portion of the cavity 261 is a lower end air inlet 262 communicating with the intermediate cavity 110; generally, the upper end air outlet 263 is formed by a plurality of uniformly distributed through holes.
  • the elastic valve piece 264 is usually made of an elastic material, preferably made of a silicone material.
  • a valve plate fixing column 265 is disposed on the bottom wall of the cavity 261 on the side of the lower end air inlet 262, and one end of the elastic valve piece 264 is fixedly disposed on the valve plate fixing column 242.
  • the other end of the valve piece 241 is fitted to the bottom wall of the cavity 261 on the other side of the lower end inlet 262.
  • the other end of the elastic valve piece 241 is the free end of the elastic valve piece 241.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Anesthesiology (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Hematology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Vascular Medicine (AREA)
  • Surgery (AREA)
  • Prostheses (AREA)
  • Portable Nailing Machines And Staplers (AREA)
  • Massaging Devices (AREA)

Abstract

一种骨内泄压钉，包括内部设有中间空腔（110）的钉杆（100）和可转动地设置在钉杆（100）一端上的钉帽（200）；钉帽（200）上设置有泄压部，泄压部将中间空腔（110）与外界连通；位于钉帽（200）内的钉杆（100）杆段上设有清洗开口（120），清洗开口（120）与中间空腔（110）相通，钉帽（200）的侧壁上设有开闭开口（210），开闭开口（210）可随钉帽（200）转动至与清洗开口（120）相连通的状态。通过在钉杆（100）的端部设置具有泄压部的钉帽（200）可以避免治疗中的病人在进食过程中钉杆（100）被堵塞，保证了泄压的通畅性；需要对骨头内进行清洗时，将钉帽（200）转动至开闭开口与清洗开口相连通的位置，即可通过清洗开口向中间空腔加入清洗液进行清洗，提高了髓芯减压术的治疗效果。

Description

骨内泄压钉 技术领域
本发明属于医疗器械领域，具体涉及一种骨内泄压钉。
背景技术
颌骨囊肿是指在颌骨内出现一含有液体的囊性肿物，逐步增大、颌骨膨胀破坏。目前，对于颌骨囊肿的治疗一般通过根管或泄压钉进行骨内压力排泄。现有泄压螺钉包括钉杆，钉杆的两端开口、内部为空腔，钉杆的侧壁上设有与钉杆的内部空腔相通的通孔。由于钉杆的两端开口，治疗中的病人在进食过程中，钉杆的尾端开口往往被食物堵塞，既不利于泄出骨内的压力，又容易造成感染，严重影响治疗的效果。
发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题是提供一种既可以避免异物进入，又利于骨内清洗的骨内泄压钉。
本发明解决其技术问题所采用的技术方案是：骨内泄压钉，包括内部设有中间空腔的钉杆，还包括可转动地设置在钉杆一端上的钉帽；所述钉帽上设置有泄压部，所述泄压部将中间空腔与外界连通；位于钉帽内的钉杆杆段上设有清洗开口，所述清洗开口与中间空腔相通，所述钉帽的侧壁上设有开闭开口，所述开闭开口可随钉帽转动至与清洗开口相连通的状态。
进一步的是，所述泄压部包括设于钉帽上的泄压孔。
进一步的是，所述泄压孔设于钉帽的顶部，泄压孔的两端分别位于钉帽顶部的内、外表面上，所述泄压部还包括设置在钉帽顶部的外表面上的过滤层。
进一步的是，所述泄压部设置在钉帽的顶部，该泄压部由至少两个上端相互贴合的凹弧形瓣片构成。
进一步的是，所述泄压部设置在钉帽的顶部，该泄压部为球弧面闭合端，所述球弧面闭合端由至少三个凸弧形瓣片构成。
进一步的是，所述泄压部设置在钉帽的顶部，该泄压部包括具有下部进气端和上部出气端的阀腔、以及沿气流的流向依次设置在的阀腔内的阀芯和弹簧；所述阀腔的顶壁 上设有弹簧槽孔，所述弹簧的一端抵住阀芯，弹簧的另一段抵在弹簧槽孔上。
进一步的是，所述泄压部设置在钉帽的顶部，该泄压部包括具有下端进气口和上端出气口的腔体、以及设置在腔体内并将下端进气口封闭住的弹性阀片，当中间空腔内的压力大于外界大气压时，弹性阀片的自由端可朝向上端出气口运动将下端进气口打开。
进一步的是，位于下端进气口一侧的腔体底壁上设置有阀片固定柱，所述弹性阀片的一端固定设置在阀片固定柱上，弹性阀片的另一端贴合在下端进气口另一侧的腔体底壁上。
进一步的是，所述钉帽的下端设置有第一抓扣和第二抓扣，所述钉杆的侧壁上设置有分别与第一抓扣和第二抓扣相对应的第一杆头和第二杆头，所述第一杆头与第一抓扣相匹配并可嵌入其中，所述第二杆头与第二抓扣相匹配并可嵌入其中；当把钉帽转动至第一杆头嵌入第一抓扣时，开闭开口与清洗开口不相通；当把钉帽转动至第二杆头嵌入第二抓扣时，开闭开口与清洗开口相连通。
进一步的是，位于第一杆头和第二杆头上侧的钉杆的外侧壁上设有环形的凸起结构，所述钉帽的内壁上设有与凸起结构相匹配的凹陷结构；所述凸起结构嵌入凹陷结构内使钉杆和钉帽连接在一起并可相对转动。
本发明的有益效果是：通过在钉杆的端部设置具有泄压部的钉帽，可以避免治疗中的病人在进食过程中导致钉杆被堵塞，保证了泄压的通畅性；通过设置清洗开口及可与清洗开口相连通的开闭开口，在需要对骨头内进行清洗时，将钉帽转动至开闭开口与清洗开口相连通的位置，即可通过清洗开口向中间空腔加入清洗液进行清洗，提高了髓芯减压术的治疗效果。
附图说明
图1是本发明的第一种实施方式的实施结构示意图；
图2是图1的俯视图；
图3是本发明的第二种实施方式的实施结构示意图；
图4是本发明的第二种实施方式中第一杆头嵌入第一抓扣时的实施结构示意图；
图5是图4的左视图；
图6是本发明的第三种实施方式的实施结构示意图；
图7是本发明的第四种实施方式的实施结构示意图；
图8是本发明的第五种实施方式的实施结构示意图；
图9是本发明的第六种实施方式的实施结构示意图；
图10是本发明的第七种实施方式的实施结构示意图；
图11是本发明的第二至第七种实施方式中钉杆的实施结构示意图；
图12是图11的俯视图；
图中标记为：钉杆100、中间空腔110、清洗开口120、第一杆头130、第二杆头140、凸起结构150、钉帽200、开闭开口210、泄压孔221、过滤层222、凹弧形瓣片231、凸弧形瓣片241、阀腔251、下部进气端252、上部出气端253、阀芯254、弹簧255、弹簧槽孔256、O型密封圈257、腔体261、下端进气口262、上端出气口263、弹性阀片264、阀片固定柱265、第一抓扣270、第二抓扣280、凹陷结构290、保护网罩300。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图对本发明作进一步说明。
如图1、图3、图6、图7、图8、图9和图10所示，骨内泄压钉，包括内部设有中间空腔110的钉杆100，以及可转动地设置在钉杆100一端上的钉帽200；钉帽200上设置有泄压部，泄压部将中间空腔110与外界连通；位于钉帽200内的钉杆100杆段上设有清洗开口120，清洗开口120与中间空腔110相通，钉帽200的侧壁上设有开闭开口210，开闭开口210可随钉帽200转动至与清洗开口120相连通的状态。其中，钉杆100上一般设有外螺纹，以便将其安装入骨头内进行治疗；钉杆100可以是两端开口的筒状结构，也可以是侧壁上带有通孔的结构，还可以是侧壁带有多个通孔的筒状结构；为了利于骨内泄压，一般在钉杆100的侧壁上设有多个均匀分布的通孔，各通孔分别与中间空腔110相连通。钉帽200一般包括帽罩和设置在帽罩下端的法兰；通过法兰对钉帽200进行安装，法兰通常为正六边形结构，以便于钉帽200旋拧安装；将钉杆100植入骨内后，钉帽200用于密封在钉杆100的外露端上，可避免治疗中的病人在进食过程中导致钉杆100内部的中间空腔110被堵塞；钉帽200上设置有泄压部，可以使骨内泄压通畅，利于保证治疗效果。钉帽200在钉杆100一端上的可转动设置方式可以为多种，例如螺纹连接设置、间隙配合设置或者轴承连接设置等等；在需要对骨头内进行清洗时，通过转动钉帽200至清洗开口120与开闭开口210相连通的位置，即可通过清洗开口120向中间空腔110加入清洗液进行清洗，提高了对患者的治疗效果。
为了避免该骨内泄压钉植入患者骨内后钉帽200意外转动，以及为了避免在进行骨内清洗过程中钉帽200意外转动，在该骨内泄压钉上还设置有固定结构。该固定结构包 括两种对钉帽200的固定状态，一种是清洗开口120与开闭开口210相连通时的固定状态，一种是清洗开口120与开闭开口210不连通时的固定状态；上述固定结构的实施方式可以为多种，优选为图3～12所示的结构，即钉帽200的下端设置有第一抓扣270和第二抓扣280，钉杆100的侧壁上设置有分别与第一抓扣270和第二抓扣280相对应的第一杆头130和第二杆头140，第一杆头130与第一抓扣270相匹配并可嵌入其中，第二杆头140与第二抓扣280相匹配并可嵌入其中；当把钉帽200转动至第一杆头130嵌入第一抓扣270时，开闭开口210与清洗开口120不相通，如图6～10所示；当把钉帽200转动至第二杆头140嵌入第二抓扣280时，开闭开口210与清洗开口120相连通，如图3所示。一般的，以钉杆100轴线为标准，第一抓扣270和第二抓扣280之间的弧度小于第一杆头130和第二杆头140之间的弧度。
具体，如图4和图5所示，第一抓扣270上设置有可嵌入第一杆头130的嵌入部，并且第一抓扣270上在其与第一杆头130相对于的侧部设有与前述嵌入部相通的进入缺口；旋拧钉帽200，使第一抓扣270朝向第一杆头130运动，第一杆头130即可通过进入缺口嵌入第一抓扣270上的嵌入部内。
同理，第二抓扣280上设置有可嵌入第二杆头140的嵌入部，并且第二抓扣280上在其与第二杆头140相对于的侧部设有与前述嵌入部相通的进入缺口；旋拧钉帽200，使第二抓扣280朝向第二杆头140运动，第二杆头140即可通过进入缺口嵌入第二抓扣280上的嵌入部内。
其中，第一抓扣270上的进入缺口和第二抓扣280上的进入缺口位于彼此距离较远的一侧，第一抓扣270和第二抓扣280均采用弹性变形能力较强的材料制成，例如：橡胶。
优选的，如图3及图6～12所示，位于第一杆头130和第二杆头140上侧的钉杆100外侧壁上设有环形的凸起结构150，钉帽200的内壁上设有与凸起结构150相匹配的凹陷结构290；凸起结构150嵌入凹陷结构290内使钉杆100和钉帽200连接在一起并可相对转动。上述的可转动连接结构不仅利于钉杆100和钉帽200的连接，而且拆卸方便。
具体的，再如图1所示，泄压部包括设于钉帽200上的泄压孔221。为了利于泄压，通常将泄压孔211设于钉帽200的顶部，并使泄压孔211的两端分别位于钉帽200顶部的内、外表面上。泄压孔221通常设置多个，多个泄压孔221在钉帽200上的分布方式可以为多种，优选为如图2的分布方式，即多个泄压孔221均匀分布于中间空腔110的 正上方。
在上述基础上，为了避免细颗粒从泄压孔221进入钉杆100的中间空腔110内，如图3所示，泄压部还包括设置在钉帽200顶部的外表面上的过滤层222。过滤层222可以由滤布、致密微孔材料等制成。
作为本发明的一种优选方案，如图6所示，泄压部设置在钉帽200的顶部，该泄压部由至少两个上端相互贴合的凹弧形瓣片231构成。当中间空腔110内的压力大于外界大气压时，凹弧形瓣片231相贴合处张开，将骨内压力泄出；当中间空腔110内的压力小于等于外界大气压时，凹弧形瓣片231处于相互贴合的状态，形成类似于静脉瓣的防回流结构，即可以避免食物等进入，还可以导流液体，避免液体进入中间空腔110。
在上述基础上，为了保护凹弧形瓣片231，同时也为了保护病人的口腔，如图7所示，该骨内泄压钉还包括设置在钉帽200顶部的保护网罩300。保护网罩300用于将凹弧形瓣片231构成的泄压部罩住，其通常有网状材料制成。
作为本发明的另一种优选方案，如图8所示，泄压部设置在钉帽200的顶部，该泄压部为球弧面闭合端，球弧面闭合端由至少三个凸弧形瓣片241构成。当中间空腔110内的压力大于外界大气压时，构成球弧面闭合端的凸弧形瓣片241向外张开，将骨内压力泄出；当中间空腔110内的压力小于等于外界大气压时，球弧面闭合端处于闭合状态，即可以避免食物等进入，还可以导流液体，避免液体进入中间空腔110。通常也在球弧面闭合端结构的泄压部外罩设保护网罩300进行保护。
作为本发明的又一种优选方案，如图9所示，泄压部设置在钉帽200的顶部，该泄压部包括具有下部进气端252和上部出气端253的阀腔251、以及沿气流的流向依次设置在的阀腔251内的阀芯254和弹簧255；阀腔251的顶壁上设有弹簧槽孔256，弹簧255的一端抵住阀芯254，弹簧255的另一段抵在弹簧槽孔256上。
其中，钉帽200的顶部主要由上下两部分组成，待零部件安装入阀腔251后通过超声波焊接等方式固定连接在一起；在钉帽200的顶部内设置阀腔251，阀腔251的上部为与外界相通的上部出气端253，阀腔251的下部为与中间空腔110相通的下部进气端252；阀芯254通常采用塑料制成，优选为PP塑料；通常情况下，弹簧255将阀芯254抵住，使阀芯254与围成阀腔251的底部壁面接触形成密封。当中间空腔110内的压力小于等于外界大气压时，阀芯254与围成阀腔251的底部壁面接触，避免食物等进入中间空腔110；当中间空腔110内的压力大于外界大气压时，阀芯254受到的压力大于弹 簧255的弹力，阀芯254后退使下部进气端252打开，将中间空腔110内的压力泄出。气流的流向是指中间空腔110内的压力从泄压部泄出时气体流动的方向，即下部进气端252至上部出气端253的方向。
具体的，再如图9所示，阀芯254包括阀芯杆和设置在阀芯杆端部的锥形塞头，弹簧255设置在阀芯杆上并位于锥形塞头和弹簧槽孔256之间；泄压部还包括O型密封圈257；锥形塞头上沿气流的流向依次设有锥形密封面、柱面和环形平台面，O型密封圈257设置在柱面和环形平台面之间。在围成阀腔251的底部壁面上通常设有与锥形密封面相匹配的锥形面，在弹簧255的作用下阀芯254与围成阀腔251的底部壁面接触形成面密封。在弹簧255的弹力作用下，O型密封圈257与抵在围成阀腔251的底部壁面上，形成二次密封，进一步提高密封效果。
作为本发明的再一种优选方案，如图10所示，泄压部设置在钉帽200的顶部，该泄压部包括具有下端进气口262和上端出气口263的腔体261、以及设置在腔体261内并将下端进气口262封闭住的弹性阀片264，当中间空腔110内的压力大于外界大气压时，弹性阀片264的自由端可朝向上端出气口263运动将下端进气口262打开。
其中，腔体261的上部为与外界相通的上端出气口263，腔体261的下部为与中间空腔110相通的下端进气口262；一般上端出气口263由多个均匀分布的通孔构成；弹性阀片264通常由弹性材料制成，优选采用硅胶材料制作。
具体的，再如图10所示，位于下端进气口262一侧的腔体261底壁上设置有阀片固定柱265，弹性阀片264的一端固定设置在阀片固定柱242上，弹性阀片241的另一端贴合在下端进气口262另一侧的腔体261底壁上。弹性阀片241的另一端即为弹性阀片241的自由端。

Claims (10)

  1. 骨内泄压钉，包括内部设有中间空腔(110)的钉杆(100)，其特征在于：还包括可转动地设置在钉杆(100)一端上的钉帽(200)；所述钉帽(200)上设置有泄压部，所述泄压部将中间空腔(110)与外界连通；位于钉帽(200)内的钉杆(100)杆段上设有清洗开口(120)，所述清洗开口(120)与中间空腔(110)相通，所述钉帽(200)的侧壁上设有开闭开口(210)，所述开闭开口(210)可随钉帽(200)转动至与清洗开口(120)相连通的状态。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的骨内泄压钉，其特征在于：所述泄压部包括设于钉帽(200)上的泄压孔(221)。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的骨内泄压钉，其特征在于：所述泄压孔(211)设于钉帽(200)的顶部，泄压孔(211)的两端分别位于钉帽(200)顶部的内、外表面上，所述泄压部还包括设置在钉帽(200)顶部的外表面上的过滤层(222)。
  4. 如权利要求1所述的骨内泄压钉，其特征在于：所述泄压部设置在钉帽(200)的顶部，该泄压部由至少两个上端相互贴合的凹弧形瓣片(231)构成。
  5. 如权利要求1所述的骨内泄压钉，其特征在于：所述泄压部设置在钉帽(200)的顶部，该泄压部为球弧面闭合端，所述球弧面闭合端由至少三个凸弧形瓣片(241)构成。
  6. 如权利要求1所述的骨内泄压钉，其特征在于：所述泄压部设置在钉帽(200)的顶部，该泄压部包括具有下部进气端(252)和上部出气端(253)的阀腔(251)、以及沿气流的流向依次设置在的阀腔(251)内的阀芯(254)和弹簧(255)；所述阀腔(251)的顶壁上设有弹簧槽孔(256)，所述弹簧(255)的一端抵住阀芯(254)，弹簧(255)的另一段抵在弹簧槽孔(256)上。
  7. 如权利要求1所述的骨内泄压钉，其特征在于：所述泄压部设置在钉帽(200)的顶部，该泄压部包括具有下端进气口(262)和上端出气口(263)的腔体(261)、以及设置在腔体(261)内并将下端进气口(262)封闭住的弹性阀片(264)，当中间空腔(110)内的压力大于外界大气压时，弹性阀片(264)的自由端可朝向上端出气口(263)运动将下端进气口(262)打开。
  8. 如权利要求7所述的骨内泄压钉，其特征在于：位于下端进气口(262)一侧的腔体(261)底壁上设置有阀片固定柱(265)，所述弹性阀片(264)的一 端固定设置在阀片固定柱(265)上，弹性阀片(264)的另一端贴合在下端进气口(262)另一侧的腔体(261)底壁上。
  9. 如权利要求1、2、3、4、5、6、7或8所述的骨内泄压钉，其特征在于：所述钉帽(200)的下端设置有第一抓扣(270)和第二抓扣(280)，所述钉杆(100)的侧壁上设置有分别与第一抓扣(270)和第二抓扣(280)相对应的第一杆头(130)和第二杆头(140)，所述第一杆头(130)与第一抓扣(270)相匹配并可嵌入其中，所述第二杆头(140)与第二抓扣(280)相匹配并可嵌入其中；当把钉帽(200)转动至第一杆头(130)嵌入第一抓扣(270)时，开闭开口(210)与清洗开口(120)不相通；当把钉帽(200)转动至第二杆头(140)嵌入第二抓扣(280)时，开闭开口(210)与清洗开口(120)相连通。
  10. 如权利要求9所述的骨内泄压钉，其特征在于：位于第一杆头(130)和第二杆头(140)上侧的钉杆(100)外侧壁上设有环形的凸起结构(150)，所述钉帽(200)的内壁上设有与凸起结构(150)相匹配的凹陷结构(290)；所述凸起结构(150)嵌入凹陷结构(290)内使钉杆(100)和钉帽(200)连接在一起并可相对转动。
PCT/CN2018/074898 2017-03-15 2018-02-01 骨内泄压钉 Ceased WO2018166303A1 (zh)

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