WO2018165782A1 - 一种人造板材去甲醛的方法 - Google Patents

一种人造板材去甲醛的方法 Download PDF

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WO2018165782A1
WO2018165782A1 PCT/CN2017/000526 CN2017000526W WO2018165782A1 WO 2018165782 A1 WO2018165782 A1 WO 2018165782A1 CN 2017000526 W CN2017000526 W CN 2017000526W WO 2018165782 A1 WO2018165782 A1 WO 2018165782A1
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solution
hours
formaldehyde
humidity
artificial board
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PCT/CN2017/000526
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English (en)
French (fr)
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盛秀群
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济南舜景医药科技有限公司
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • B27K3/00—Impregnating wood, e.g. impregnation pretreatment, for example puncturing; Wood impregnation aids not directly involved in the impregnation process
    • B27K3/02—Processes; Apparatus
    • B27K3/0228—Spraying apparatus, e.g. tunnels
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • B27K3/00—Impregnating wood, e.g. impregnation pretreatment, for example puncturing; Wood impregnation aids not directly involved in the impregnation process
    • B27K3/34—Organic impregnating agents
    • B27K3/50—Mixtures of different organic impregnating agents
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • B27K3/00—Impregnating wood, e.g. impregnation pretreatment, for example puncturing; Wood impregnation aids not directly involved in the impregnation process
    • B27K3/52—Impregnating agents containing mixtures of inorganic and organic compounds
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • B27K5/00—Treating of wood not provided for in groups B27K1/00, B27K3/00
    • B27K5/001—Heating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • B27K5/00—Treating of wood not provided for in groups B27K1/00, B27K3/00
    • B27K5/04—Combined bleaching or impregnating and drying of wood

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of environmental protection, and particularly relates to a method for removing formaldehyde from artificial boards.
  • Toxic and harmful substances are mainly derived from formaldehyde, ammonia and other pollutants released from building decoration materials.
  • Formaldehyde is a highly toxic substance, and formaldehyde ranks second in the priority control list of toxic chemicals in China.
  • Formaldehyde has been identified by the World Health Organization as a carcinogenic and teratogenic substance and is one of the potentially potent carcinogens.
  • Long-term exposure to low doses of formaldehyde can cause chronic respiratory diseases, causing nasopharyngeal cancer, colon cancer, brain tumors, pregnancy syndrome, causing neonatal chromosomal abnormalities, leukemia, causing memory and mental decline in adolescents.
  • the current method of eliminating formaldehyde is to reduce formaldehyde in the binder, but this method cannot completely eliminate formaldehyde, and it is even less likely to eliminate formaldehyde in the linear resin. Therefore, the removal is not complete.
  • the second is the use of formaldehyde-free adhesives, but the cost of such adhesives is higher.
  • the present invention provides a method for removing formaldehyde from an artificial board, which has good removal effect, low cost, simple process, and can eliminate formaldehyde in the linear resin.
  • a method for removing formaldehyde from a wood-based panel comprising the following steps:
  • Spraying solution B on artificial board heat up to 40-50 ° C, keep warm for 0.5-2 hours, then cool down to 25-30 ° C, and dry.
  • Heating not only promotes the volatilization of free formaldehyde, but also promotes the breaking of unstable linear resin chains and releases formaldehyde.
  • the simultaneous heating also promotes the reaction of the solution with formaldehyde to form a structurally stable, environmentally friendly substance.
  • the solution A is a mixed aqueous solution of an amino acid, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, dodecyl glucoside, tea polyphenol, ammonium phosphate and 1,8-cineole, and the concentration is 0.1- 1g/L.
  • the mass ratio of amino acid, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, dodecylglucoside, tea polyphenol, ammonium phosphate and 1,8-eucalyptol is 1:1 to 3:2:1:2:0.5.
  • the solution B in the step (4) is a mixed aqueous solution of an epichlorohydrin-modified polyethyleneimine and a styrene-divinylbenzene copolymer.
  • the mass ratio of the polyethyleneimine epichlorohydrin to the styrene-divinylbenzene copolymer is 1-5:10
  • the concentration of the solution is 0.05-0.5 g/L
  • the pH is adjusted to 5-6.
  • the styrene-divinylbenzene copolymer is easily soluble in water and is a transparent solution.
  • the mass fraction of tens of parts is the ability to disinfect and disinfect. It is non-irritating to the skin, non-toxic, non-corrosive to metals, stable even in boiling water. Its bactericidal ability increases with increasing pH. In addition, it has good foaming ability.
  • the method of modifying epichlorohydrin to polyethyleneimine increases the content of acidic groups, increases acidity, and improves hydrophilicity.
  • the solution absorbs formaldehyde and reacts with formaldehyde to form a stable protective film, which protects the plate.
  • the heating rate in the step (1) is 10-20 ° C / h
  • the heating rate in the step (4) is 10-15 ° C / h.
  • the invention provides a method for removing formaldehyde from a wood-based panel, which has high efficiency, environmental protection and simple operation for removing formaldehyde.
  • a method for removing formaldehyde from a wood-based panel comprising the following steps:
  • solution A is amino acid
  • B A mixed aqueous solution of amine tetraacetic acid, dodecyl glucoside, tea polyphenol, ammonium phosphate and 1,8-eucalypt, at a concentration of 0.1 g/L, amino acid, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, dodecyl glucoside
  • the mass ratio of tea polyphenol, ammonium phosphate and 1,8-cineole is 1:1:2:1:2:0.5.
  • Solution B is a mixed aqueous solution of epichlorohydrin-modified polyethyleneimine and styrene-divinylbenzene copolymer, and the mass ratio of polyethyleneimine epichlorohydrin to styrene-divinylbenzene copolymer is 1 : 10, the concentration of the solution is 0.05 g / L, adjusted pH to 6.
  • a method for removing formaldehyde from a wood-based panel comprising the following steps:
  • Solution A is amino acid
  • B a mixed aqueous solution of amine tetraacetic acid, dodecyl glucoside, tea polyphenol, ammonium phosphate and 1,8-eucalypt, at a concentration of 1 g/L, amino acid, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, dodecyl glucoside,
  • the mass ratio of tea polyphenol, ammonium phosphate and 1,8-cineole was 1:3:2:1:2:0.5.
  • Solution B is a mixed aqueous solution of epichlorohydrin-modified polyethyleneimine and styrene-divinylbenzene copolymer, and the mass ratio of polyethyleneimine epichlorohydrin to styrene-divinylbenzene copolymer is 5 : 10, the concentration of the solution was 0.5 g / L, and the pH was adjusted to 5.
  • a method for removing formaldehyde from a wood-based panel comprising the following steps:
  • solution A is amino acid
  • B A mixed aqueous solution of amine tetraacetic acid, dodecyl glucoside, tea polyphenol, ammonium phosphate and 1,8-eucalypt, at a concentration of 0.5 g/L, amino acid, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, dodecyl glucoside
  • the mass ratio of tea polyphenol, ammonium phosphate and 1,8-cineole is 1:2:2:1:2:0.5.
  • Solution B is a mixed aqueous solution of epichlorohydrin-modified polyethyleneimine and styrene-divinylbenzene copolymer.
  • the mass ratio of polyethyleneimine epichlorohydrin to styrene-divinylbenzene copolymer is 3. : 10, the concentration of the solution was 0.2 g / L, and the pH was adjusted to 5.5.
  • the solution A in the first embodiment is replaced by lauryl glucoside 1 to 3%, formaldehyde scavenger 2 to 6%, cetyltrimethylammonium bromide 0.5 to 1.5%, and the balance is water-combined.
  • Formaldehyde capture agent, other conditions are unchanged.
  • Example 1 The solution B in Example 1 was replaced with lauryl glucoside 1 to 3%, formaldehyde trapping agent 2 to 6%, and hexadecyltrimethyl group.
  • the ammonium bromide is 0.5 to 1.5%, and the balance is a formaldehyde scavenger compounded with water. The other conditions are unchanged.
  • Example 1 The solution A in Example 1 was replaced with an aqueous solution of urea, and other conditions were unchanged.
  • Example 1 The solution B in Example 1 was replaced with an aqueous solution of urea, and other conditions were unchanged.
  • the artificial board was treated and placed in an environment of 22-28 ° C, a humidity of 50%, and a flow rate of 0.3 m / s, and the formaldehyde emission amount test was performed.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical And Physical Treatments For Wood And The Like (AREA)
  • Disinfection, Sterilisation Or Deodorisation Of Air (AREA)

Abstract

一种人造板材去甲醛的方法，包括以下步骤：（1）将人造板材放置在密闭的空间内，通入氮气，喷洒溶液A至湿度为30‑60%，加热到60‑70℃，保温2‑4小时；（2）干燥至湿度为10‑15%，保温1‑2小时；（3）抽真空，降温至30℃，保温2‑5小时；（4）人造板材喷洒溶液B，升温至40‑50℃，保温0.5‑2小时，再降温至25‑30℃，干燥。该方法去除效果好，成本低，工艺简单，能消除线性树脂中的甲醛。

Description

一种人造板材去甲醛的方法 技术领域
本发明属于环境保护技术领域，具体涉及一种人造板材去甲醛的方法。
背景技术
有毒有害物质主要来源于建筑装饰材料释放出的甲醛、氨等污染物。甲醛为较高毒性的物质，在我国有毒化学品优先控制名单上甲醛高居第二位。甲醛已经被世界卫生组织确定为致癌和致畸形物质，也是潜在的强致癌物之一。长期接触低剂量甲醛可引起慢性呼吸道疾病，引起鼻咽癌、结肠癌、脑瘤、妊娠综合症、引起新生儿染色体异常、白血病，引起青少年记忆力和智力下降。在所有接触者中，儿童和孕妇对甲醛尤为敏感，危害也就更大。据相关资料统计显示：人类有70％的病症与室内环境有关，我国每年有12万人死于室内污染，90％以上的幼儿白血病患者都是住进新装修房一年内患病的。
大多数甲醛存在于装修用的人工制造的木质板材中。各种人造板，如密度板、胶合板、细木工板等，均使用脲醛树脂粘合剂，脲醛树脂在制胶过程中不可避免地残留一部分游离甲醛，向外界散发。另外，脲醛树脂在制备过程中还生成少量的线性树脂，在长期的使用的过程中，还有可能分解成自由状甲醛，也向外界散发，对人体造成很大的损害。
目前的消除甲醛的方法，一是降低粘合剂中的甲醛，但这种方法不可能完全消除甲醛，更不可能消除线性树脂中的甲醛。因此，去除不彻底。二是采用不含甲醛的粘合剂，但这种粘合剂的成本较高。
发明内容
为解决上述问题，本发明提供一种人造板材去甲醛的方法，去除效果好，成本低，工艺简单，能消除线性树脂中的甲醛。
本发明通过以下技术方案实现的：
一种人造板去甲醛的方法，包括以下步骤：
(1)将人造板材放置在密闭的空间内，通入氮气，喷洒溶液A至湿度为30-60％，加热到60-70℃，保温2-4小时；
(2)干燥至湿度为10-15％，保温1-2小时；
(3)抽真空，降温至30℃，保温2-5小时；
(4)人造板材喷洒溶液B，升温至40-50℃，保温0.5-2小时，再降温至25-30℃，干燥。
加热不仅促进游离甲醛的挥发，也可以促进不稳定线性树脂链的断裂，将甲醛释放 出来，同时加热也促进溶液与甲醛的反应，生成结构稳定的、对环境无污染的物质。
优选地，所述步骤(1)中溶液A为氨基酸、乙二胺四乙酸、十二烷基葡糖苷、茶多酚、磷酸铵和1，8-桉叶素的混合水溶液，浓度为0.1-1g/L。其中，氨基酸、乙二胺四乙酸、十二烷基葡糖苷、茶多酚、磷酸铵和1，8-桉叶素的质量比为1∶1-3∶2∶1∶2∶0.5。
优选地，所述步骤(4)中的溶液B为环氧氯丙烷改性聚乙烯亚胺与苯乙烯-二乙烯基苯共聚体的混合水溶液。其中，聚乙烯亚胺环氧氯丙烷与苯乙烯-二乙烯基苯共聚体的质量比为1-5∶10，溶液的浓度为0.05-0.5g/L，调节pH为5-6。
苯乙烯-二乙烯基苯共聚体易溶于水，呈透明溶液，万分之几的质量分数即具有杀菌消毒的能力，对皮肤无刺激，无毒性，对金属不腐蚀，即使在沸水中亦稳定，其杀菌能力随pH值升高而增大。此外，它还具有良好的起泡能力。
环氧氯丙烷改性聚乙烯亚胺的方法，增加了酸性基团的含量，酸性提高，亲水性提高。溶液将甲醛吸收，与甲醛反应，生成一层稳定的保护膜，对板材起到保护的作用。
优选地，步骤(1)所述的加热的速率为10-20℃/h，步骤(4)所述的升温速率为10-15℃/h。
本发明的有益成果：
本发明提供一种人造板去甲醛的方法，该方法去除甲醛的效率高，环保，操作简单。
具体实施方式
为了更好地理解本发明的实质，下面通过具体实施例对本发明的技术方案进行进一步的阐述。
实施例1
一种人造板去甲醛的方法，包括以下步骤：
(1)将人造板材放置在密闭的空间内，通入氮气，喷洒溶液A至湿度为30％，按照加热速率10℃/h，加热到60℃，保温2小时，溶液A为氨基酸、乙二胺四乙酸、十二烷基葡糖苷、茶多酚、磷酸铵和1，8-桉叶素的混合水溶液，浓度为0.1g/L，氨基酸、乙二胺四乙酸、十二烷基葡糖苷、茶多酚、磷酸铵和1，8-桉叶素的质量比为1∶1∶2∶1∶2∶0.5。
(2)干燥至湿度为10％，保温1小时；
(3)抽真空，降温至30℃，保温2小时；
(4)人造板材喷洒溶液B，按照升温速率10℃/h，升温至40℃，保温0.5小时，再降温至25℃，干燥。溶液B为环氧氯丙烷改性聚乙烯亚胺与苯乙烯-二乙烯基苯共聚体的混合水溶液，聚乙烯亚胺环氧氯丙烷与苯乙烯-二乙烯基苯共聚体的质量比为1∶10，溶液的浓度为 0.05g/L，调节pH为6。
实施例2
一种人造板去甲醛的方法，包括以下步骤：
(1)将人造板材放置在密闭的空间内，通入氮气，喷洒溶液A至湿度为60％，按照加热速率20℃/h，加热到70℃，保温4小时，溶液A为氨基酸、乙二胺四乙酸、十二烷基葡糖苷、茶多酚、磷酸铵和1，8-桉叶素的混合水溶液，浓度为1g/L，氨基酸、乙二胺四乙酸、十二烷基葡糖苷、茶多酚、磷酸铵和1，8-桉叶素的质量比为1∶3∶2∶1∶2∶0.5。
(2)干燥至湿度为15％，保温2小时；
(3)抽真空，降温至30℃，保温5小时；
(4)人造板材喷洒溶液B，按照升温速率15℃/h，升温至50℃，保温2小时，再降温至30℃，干燥。溶液B为环氧氯丙烷改性聚乙烯亚胺与苯乙烯-二乙烯基苯共聚体的混合水溶液，聚乙烯亚胺环氧氯丙烷与苯乙烯-二乙烯基苯共聚体的质量比为5∶10，溶液的浓度为0.5g/L，调节pH为5。
实施例3
一种人造板去甲醛的方法，包括以下步骤：
(1)将人造板材放置在密闭的空间内，通入氮气，喷洒溶液A至湿度为45％，按照加热速率15℃/h，加热到65℃，保温3小时，溶液A为氨基酸、乙二胺四乙酸、十二烷基葡糖苷、茶多酚、磷酸铵和1，8-桉叶素的混合水溶液，浓度为0.5g/L，氨基酸、乙二胺四乙酸、十二烷基葡糖苷、茶多酚、磷酸铵和1，8-桉叶素的质量比为1∶2∶2∶1∶2∶0.5。
(2)干燥至湿度为125％，保温1.5小时；
(3)抽真空，降温至30℃，保温3小时；
(4)人造板材喷洒溶液B，按照升温速率12℃/h，升温至45℃，保温1小时，再降温至30℃，干燥。溶液B为环氧氯丙烷改性聚乙烯亚胺与苯乙烯-二乙烯基苯共聚体的混合水溶液，聚乙烯亚胺环氧氯丙烷与苯乙烯-二乙烯基苯共聚体的质量比为3∶10，溶液的浓度为0.2g/L，调节pH为5.5。
对比例1
将实施例1中的溶液A替换十二烷基葡糖苷1～3％、甲醛捕获剂2～6％、十六烷基三甲基溴化铵0.5～1.5％、余量为水复配的甲醛捕获剂，其他条件不变。
对比例2
将实施例1中的溶液B替换十二烷基葡糖苷1～3％、甲醛捕获剂2～6％、十六烷基三甲基 溴化铵0.5～1.5％、余量为水复配的甲醛捕获剂，其他条件不变。
对比例3
将实施例1中的溶液A替换为尿素的水溶液，其他条件不变。
对比例4
将实施例1中的溶液B替换为尿素的水溶液，其他条件不变。
按照上述实施例的方法，处理人造板材，放置在22-28℃，湿度为50％，流速0.3m/s的环境中，进行甲醛释放量测试。
Figure PCTCN2017000526-appb-000001
使用本发明的方法，不仅去除人造板材的甲醛，还能有效抑制板材上细菌、害虫等的滋生，防腐抗虫防细菌，环保无污染。

Claims (6)

  1. 一种人造板去甲醛的方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
    (1)将人造板材放置在密闭的空间内，通入氮气，喷洒溶液A至湿度为30-60％，加热到60-70℃，保温2-4小时；
    (2)干燥至湿度为10-15％，保温1-2小时；
    (3)抽真空，降温至30℃，保温2-5小时；
    (4)人造板材喷洒溶液B，升温至40-50℃，保温0.5-2小时，再降温至25-30℃，干燥。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述步骤(1)中溶液A为氨基酸、乙二胺四乙酸、十二烷基葡糖苷、茶多酚、磷酸铵和1，8-桉叶素的混合水溶液，浓度为0.1-1g/L。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的方法，其特征在于，氨基酸、乙二胺四乙酸、十二烷基葡糖苷、茶多酚、磷酸铵和1，8-桉叶素的质量比为1∶1-3∶2∶1∶2∶0.5。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述步骤(4)中的溶液B为环氧氯丙烷改性聚乙烯亚胺与苯乙烯-二乙烯基苯共聚体的混合水溶液。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的方法，其特征在于，聚乙烯亚胺环氧氯丙烷与苯乙烯-二乙烯基苯共聚体的质量比为1-5∶10，溶液的浓度为0.05-0.5g/L，调节pH为5-6。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，步骤(1)所述的加热的速率为10-20℃/h，步骤(4)所述的升温速率为10-15℃/h。
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CN112077969A (zh) * 2020-08-18 2020-12-15 阜南佳利工艺品股份有限公司 一种黄麻杆的表面防腐处理方法
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CN112223481A (zh) * 2020-10-20 2021-01-15 河北盛可居装饰材料有限公司 高阻燃性高分子刨花板
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