WO2018155331A1 - 電子透かし埋め込み装置、電子透かし検出装置、電子透かし埋め込み方法、電子透かし検出方法、及びプログラム - Google Patents

電子透かし埋め込み装置、電子透かし検出装置、電子透かし埋め込み方法、電子透かし検出方法、及びプログラム Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018155331A1
WO2018155331A1 PCT/JP2018/005450 JP2018005450W WO2018155331A1 WO 2018155331 A1 WO2018155331 A1 WO 2018155331A1 JP 2018005450 W JP2018005450 W JP 2018005450W WO 2018155331 A1 WO2018155331 A1 WO 2018155331A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
image
digital watermark
image data
bit
position coordinates
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PCT/JP2018/005450
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English (en)
French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
慎吾 安藤
片山　淳
杵渕　哲也
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日本電信電話株式会社
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Application filed by 日本電信電話株式会社 filed Critical 日本電信電話株式会社
Priority to JP2019501285A priority Critical patent/JP6733030B2/ja
Priority to CN201880013242.0A priority patent/CN110326279B/zh
Publication of WO2018155331A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018155331A1/ja

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N1/00—Scanning, transmission or reproduction of documents or the like, e.g. facsimile transmission; Details thereof
    • H04N1/387—Composing, repositioning or otherwise geometrically modifying originals

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a digital watermark embedding device, a digital watermark detection device, a digital watermark embedding method, a digital watermark detection method, and a program.
  • Digital watermarking that embeds other information in content such as images and videos is known.
  • Digital watermarks are often used for purposes such as content identification and management, copyright protection and management, and provision of information related to content in content distribution and the like.
  • Non-patent Document 1 a technique based on minute changes in pixel values is known. For example, a technique is known that combines geometric distortion correction using a frame line with a digital watermark algorithm based on a two-dimensional block pattern modulation method (Non-patent Document 1).
  • Non-Patent Document 1 even when an image in which a digital watermark is embedded in advance is printed on paper, the digital watermark is detected stably at high speed using a camera such as a mobile phone or a smartphone. be able to. In addition, when an image is printed, a digital watermark can be detected even if the image is taken from an oblique direction.
  • a commercial printing press that prints product packages or the like places importance on printing at high speed and low cost, and therefore may have a lower resolution than a commercially available inkjet printer. For this reason, when embedding a digital watermark into a small target (for example, a company logo or product logo affixed to a part of a product), a sufficient output resolution cannot be obtained and the watermark pattern is crushed. , The digital watermark may not be detected.
  • a small target for example, a company logo or product logo affixed to a part of a product
  • Non-Patent Document 1 since a stripe component with a certain width is regularly arranged as a watermark pattern, even if it is embedded to a certain extent, it is easy for humans to detect visually, and the watermark pattern may stand out. There's a problem.
  • the present invention has been made in view of the above points, and an object of the present invention is to embed a digital watermark in which a watermark pattern is not conspicuous even in a low-resolution printing machine regardless of the size of a target to embed a digital watermark.
  • an electronic watermark embedding apparatus for embedding electronic watermark information in an image, comprising: input means for inputting first image data; and a predetermined image on the image indicated by the first image data The position coordinates of the feature points extracted from the image, the local feature amounts detected from the position coordinates of the feature points, and the position coordinates of the four vertices of the image are calculated and calculated.
  • Marker means for storing the position coordinates of the feature points, the local feature quantities, and the position coordinates of the four vertices in a predetermined storage area, and dividing the image indicated by the first image data into a plurality of block areas And a dividing unit that associates a set of two or more adjacent block areas of the plurality of block areas with each bit included in the bit string representing the digital watermark information, and for each set, versus Digital watermark superimposition that creates an image in which either one of the first block group and the second block group included in the set is filled with a predetermined color according to the bit value of the attached bit Means, and output means for outputting second image data indicating the painted image.
  • FIG. (1) explaining the case where a block area is filled according to a bit value.
  • FIG. 6 is a diagram (part 2) for explaining a case where a block area is filled according to a bit value.
  • FIG. 6 shows an example of the embedded image which filled the block area
  • FIG. (1) explaining the case where a black spot is overwritten to a block area according to a bit value. It is FIG.
  • FIG. 10 is a diagram (part 1) illustrating another example of an embedded image in which a digital watermark is embedded by overwriting a black point and a white point according to a bit value.
  • FIG. 10 is a diagram (part 2) illustrating another example of an embedded image in which a digital watermark is embedded by overwriting a black point and a white point according to a bit value.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an example of the configuration of a digital watermark embedding device 10 and a digital watermark detection device 20 according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • the digital watermark embedding apparatus 10 shown in FIG. 1 is a computer such as a PC (personal computer), a smartphone, or a tablet terminal.
  • the digital watermark embedding apparatus 10 may be an image forming apparatus having a scanner, a plotter, or the like, a digital camera, or the like.
  • the digital watermark embedding device 10 may be any device capable of inputting and outputting images.
  • the digital watermark embedding apparatus 10 includes an embedding processing unit 100.
  • the embedding processing unit 100 performs a digital watermark embedding process. That is, the embedding processing unit 100 creates an embedded image G200 by embedding digital watermark information in the input embedding target image G100, and then outputs the created embedded image G200.
  • the digital watermark information is arbitrary information (data) that can be represented by a bit string.
  • the digital watermark detection apparatus 20 shown in FIG. 1 is a computer such as a PC, a smartphone, or a tablet terminal.
  • the digital watermark detection apparatus 20 may be an image forming apparatus having at least a scanner, a digital camera, or the like.
  • the digital watermark detection device 20 may be any device capable of inputting at least an image.
  • the digital watermark detection apparatus 20 includes a detection processing unit 200.
  • the digital watermark detection apparatus 20 uses the detection processing unit 200 to perform digital watermark detection processing. That is, the detection processing unit 200 detects digital watermark information from the input embedded image G300, and then outputs the detected digital watermark information.
  • the embedded image G300 in the digital watermark detection process is also referred to as “query image G300”.
  • the configurations of the digital watermark embedding device 10 and the digital watermark detection device 20 shown in FIG. 1 are merely examples, and other configurations may be used.
  • the embedding processing unit 100 and the detection processing unit 200 may be included in one device.
  • FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating an example of a hardware configuration of the computer 300.
  • auxiliary storage device 3 includes an input device 301, a display device 302, an external I / F 303, a RAM (Random Access Memory) 304, a ROM (Read Only Memory) 305, and a CPU (Central Processing Unit) 306. And a communication I / F 307 and an auxiliary storage device 308.
  • Each of these hardware is connected via a bus B so as to be able to communicate.
  • the input device 301 is, for example, a keyboard, a mouse, a touch panel, or the like, and is used for a user to input various operations.
  • the display device 302 is a display, for example, and displays the processing result of the computer 300.
  • External I / F 303 is an interface with an external device.
  • the external device includes a recording medium 303a.
  • the computer 300 can read and write the recording medium 303a and the like via the external I / F 303.
  • a program for realizing the embedding processing unit 100, a program for realizing the detection processing unit 200, and the like may be recorded on the recording medium 303a.
  • Examples of the recording medium 303a include a flexible disk, a CD (Compact Disc), a DVD (Digital Versatile Disk), an SD memory card (Secure Digital memory card), a USB (Universal Serial Bus) memory card, and the like.
  • the RAM 304 is a volatile semiconductor memory that temporarily stores programs and data.
  • the ROM 305 is a non-volatile semiconductor memory that can retain programs and data even when the power is turned off.
  • the ROM 305 stores, for example, OS (Operating System) settings, network settings, and the like.
  • the CPU 306 is an arithmetic device that reads a program or data from the ROM 305, the auxiliary storage device 308, or the like onto the RAM 304 and executes processing.
  • the communication I / F 307 is an interface for connecting the computer 300 to a network.
  • the auxiliary storage device 308 is, for example, an HDD (Hard Disk Drive), an SSD (Solid State Drive), or the like, and is a nonvolatile storage device that stores programs and data. Examples of the program and data stored in the auxiliary storage device 308 include an OS, an application program that implements various functions on the OS, a program that implements the embedding processing unit 100, a program that implements the detection processing unit 200, and the like. is there.
  • the digital watermark embedding device 10 may include, for example, a printing device such as a plotter, an imaging device such as a camera, and the like.
  • the digital watermark detection apparatus 20 may include, for example, an imaging apparatus such as a camera, a reading apparatus such as a scanner, and the like.
  • the digital watermark embedding device 10 and the digital watermark detection device 20 according to the first embodiment of the present invention can implement various processes to be described later by the computer 300 shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating an example of a functional configuration of the embedding processing unit 100 according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • the embedding processing unit 100 shown in FIG. 3 is realized by a process in which one or more programs installed in the digital watermark embedding apparatus 10 are executed by the CPU.
  • the embedding processing unit 100 includes an image input unit 101, a marker adding unit 102, a digital watermark superimposing unit 103, and an embedded image output unit 104.
  • the image input unit 101 inputs an embedding target image G100. That is, the image input unit 101 inputs image data (digital data) indicating the embedding target image G100.
  • the input embedding target image G100 is transmitted to the marker assigning unit 102.
  • the marker assigning unit 102 assigns a marker to the embedding target image G100 input by the image input unit 101, and creates an embedding target image G110 to which the marker is added.
  • the marker is information for identifying a region in which the digital watermark information is embedded in the query image G300 in the digital watermark detection process.
  • the embedding target image G110 to which the marker is attached is transmitted to the digital watermark superimposing unit 103.
  • the marker assigning unit 102 may store predetermined information for specifying an area in which the digital watermark information is embedded in a predetermined storage area, instead of adding a marker to the embedding target image G100.
  • the embedding target image G100 before the marker is added and the embedding target image G110 to which the marker is added are simply represented as “embedding target image G100”.
  • the digital watermark superimposing unit 103 divides the embedding target image G100 received from the marker adding unit 102 into a plurality of block regions, and then pairs adjacent block regions.
  • the digital watermark superimposing unit 103 divides the embedding target image G100 input by the image input unit 101 into a plurality of block areas and then adjoins them. What is necessary is just to pair the block area
  • the digital watermark superimposing unit 103 calculates the average brightness value in the first block area included in the pair and the average brightness value in the second block area included in the pair.
  • the digital watermark is embedded in the embedding target image G100 so that the magnitude relationship between and corresponds to each bit value (“0” or “1”) of the bit string representing the digital watermark information.
  • the embedded image G200 is created.
  • the created embedded image G200 is transmitted to the embedded image output unit 104.
  • the embedded image output unit 104 outputs the embedded image G200 created by the digital watermark superimposing unit 103.
  • FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating an example of a functional configuration of the detection processing unit 200 according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • the detection processing unit 200 includes an image input unit 201, a marker detection / coordinate specifying unit 202, a projective transformation correction unit 203, a digital watermark detection unit 204, and a result output unit 205.
  • the image input unit 201 inputs a query image G300.
  • the query image G300 is, for example, image data (digital data) input by photographing a printed matter on which the embedded image G200 is printed with a camera or the like.
  • the input query image G200 is transmitted to the marker detection / coordinate specifying unit 202.
  • the marker detection / coordinate specifying unit 202 detects the marker added by the marker adding unit 102 in the query image G300 input by the image input unit 201. Then, the marker detection / coordinate specifying unit 202 specifies the coordinates of the four vertices of the rectangular area in which the digital watermark information is embedded in the query image G300 based on the detected marker. The identified coordinates of the four vertices are transmitted to the projective transformation correcting unit 203.
  • the projective transformation correction unit 203 normalizes the query image G300 based on the coordinates of the four vertices specified by the marker detection / coordinate specification unit 202, and creates a normalized query image G310. Normalization is, for example, by converting a query image G300 input by photographing a printed matter on which an embedded image G200 is printed with a camera or the like into an image inputted when the printed matter is photographed from the front. is there.
  • the normalized query image G310 is transmitted to the digital watermark detection unit 204.
  • the query image G300 before normalization and the query image G310 after normalization are not distinguished from each other and are simply represented as “query image G300”.
  • the digital watermark detection unit 204 detects digital watermark information from the query image G300 normalized by the projective transformation correction unit 203. The detected digital watermark information is transmitted to the result output unit 205.
  • the result output unit 205 outputs the digital watermark information detected by the digital watermark detection unit 204.
  • FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing an example of the digital watermark embedding process in the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • the image input unit 101 of the embedding processing unit 100 inputs an embedding target image G100 (step S11).
  • the image input unit 101 may input an embedding target image G100 stored in an auxiliary storage device or the like.
  • the marker adding unit 102 of the embedding processing unit 100 adds a marker to the embedding target image G100 input by the image input unit 101 (step S12).
  • the marker assigning unit 102 may add a marker by giving an explicit frame line around the embedding target image G100, for example.
  • the marker assigning unit 102 may assign QR codes (registered trademark) or the like as markers to the four corners of the embedding target image G100, or may use the embedding target image G100 itself as a marker.
  • the embedding target image G100 itself is used as a marker
  • information for specifying an embedding area of digital watermark information is stored in a predetermined storage area by using an image recognition method disclosed in JP-A-2015-201123. It ’s fine. That is, in this case, for example, coordinates indicating the positions of the feature points extracted from the embedding target image G100, local feature amounts at the positions of these feature points, and coordinates of the four vertices of the embedding target image G100 are calculated. What is necessary is just to preserve
  • the predetermined storage area may be, for example, a storage area on a storage device accessible by the digital watermark embedding device 10 and the digital watermark detection device 20.
  • the digital watermark superimposing unit 103 of the embedding processing unit 100 divides the embedding target image G100 into a plurality of block areas (step S13).
  • an embedding target image G100 divided into a plurality of block regions is shown in FIG.
  • the embedding target image G100 is divided into 64 ⁇ 8 ⁇ 8 block areas.
  • the digital watermark superimposing unit 103 may divide the embedding target image G100 into an arbitrary number of predetermined block areas.
  • the digital watermark superimposing unit 103 of the embedding processing unit 100 pairs two adjacent block regions for each block region of the embedding target image G100 (step S14).
  • Examples of block area pairing are shown in FIGS. 7A to 7D.
  • the digital watermark superimposing unit 103 may pair the block areas adjacent to the left and right (example shown in FIG. 7A) or pair the block areas adjacent vertically (example shown in FIG. 7B).
  • the digital watermark superimposing unit 103 may mix pairing of block areas adjacent to the left and right and pairing of block areas adjacent vertically (examples shown in FIGS. 7C and 7D).
  • the digital watermark superimposing unit 103 of the embedding processing unit 100 calculates the average value of the brightness in the first block region and the brightness value in the second block region for the two block regions included in each pair that has been paired.
  • the digital watermark is embedded in the embedding target image G100 so that the magnitude relationship with the average value corresponds to each bit value of the bit string representing the digital watermark information (step S15).
  • the digital watermark superimposing unit 103 for example, regarding the difference value indicating the difference between the average brightness value in the first block area and the average brightness value in the second block area, the bit of the bit corresponding to the pair
  • the digital watermark is embedded in the embedding target image G100 so that it is “positive”, and when the bit value of the bit is “0”, it is “negative”.
  • the embedded image G200 is created.
  • Method 1 For a specific block area, the area other than the white background is painted in gray.
  • the bit value of the bit corresponding to a certain pair in the bit string representing the digital watermark information is “1”
  • the second block region B2 included in the pair is displayed in gray as shown in FIG. 8A.
  • the bit value of the bit corresponding to the pair is “0”, as shown in FIG. 8B, the first block region B1 included in the pair is painted in gray.
  • FIG. 9 shows an example of an embedded image G200 in which a digital watermark is embedded by painting one block region included in each pair by the method 1 on the entire embedding target image G100.
  • the entire corresponding block area is painted in gray.
  • a white background exists in the block area, only the white background portion is gray. It is good to paint with. Accordingly, for example, in an embedding target image G100 in which a corporate logo, a product logo, or the like is included in a white background, a digital watermark can be embedded without conspicuous without hiding the logo pattern.
  • Method 2 For a specific block area, black dots dispersed randomly in space are overwritten with a predetermined density set in advance.
  • the second block region B2 included in the pair is processed. Then, black dots (dots of black ink) are overwritten randomly and spatially at a predetermined density.
  • the bit value of the bit corresponding to the pair is “0”, as illustrated in FIG. 10B, the first block region B1 included in the pair is spatially random at a predetermined density. Overwrite the black dots (black ink dots). Such black ink dots may be set to a dot diameter corresponding to the dpi of a printing machine that prints the embedded image G200, for example.
  • an embedded image in which a watermark is embedded by spatially randomly overwriting one block area included in each pair by a method 2 at a predetermined density is shown in FIG.
  • the embedded image G200 if the pairs are adjacent to each other, the brightness difference between them is expected to be substantially the same in the embedding target image G100 before the black spot is overwritten. Therefore, it is only necessary to always overwrite the black dots with the same density regardless of the contents of the embedding target image G100.
  • the brightness of each block area included in the embedding target image G100 is checked in advance, and the density of black spots is adjusted in each block area so that the difference value is not reversed. good.
  • the difference value is reversed, for example, although the bit value of a bit corresponding to a certain pair is “1”, the average value of the brightness of the first block region B1 and the second value after overwriting the black point This is a case where the difference value from the average value of the brightness of the block area B2 becomes “negative”.
  • Method 2 it is not necessary to check whether or not the background is a white background, but an electronic watermark may be embedded only in the white background. That is, when a white background exists in the block area, a black dot may be overwritten only on the white background portion. Accordingly, for example, in an embedding target image G100 in which a company logo, a product logo, and the like are included in a white background, an electronic watermark can be embedded inconspicuously without affecting the logo pattern.
  • three blocks may be set as one set, and one bit in the bit string representing the digital watermark information may be associated with the set.
  • the digital watermark may be embedded so as to correspond to the bit value of the bit based on the magnitude relationship with the average brightness of the two block areas. That is, when a plurality of block areas are set as one set, the set is divided into a first block group and a second block group, and the magnitude relationship of the average value of the brightness of each block group is An electronic watermark may be embedded so as to correspond to the bit value of the bit.
  • bit string representing the digital watermark information is embedded in the embedding target image G100 as it is, for example, since the robustness is low with respect to deterioration factors such as partial occlusion, bit redundancy such as spread spectrum and error correction coding is performed. It is good to embed after. Further, it is not always necessary to match the bit sequence of the bit string representing the digital watermark information with the sequence of each block area included in the embedding target image G100. For example, the sequence of bit strings is scrambled by a reproducible random number generation method. You may give it.
  • the embedded image output unit 104 of the embedding processing unit 100 outputs the embedded image G200 created by the digital watermark superimposing unit 103 (step S16).
  • the embedded image G200 may be output to a printing machine connected to the digital watermark embedding apparatus 10, or when the digital watermark embedding apparatus 10 is an image forming apparatus or the like, the printing itself has. You may output to an apparatus (plotter). Further, it may be output to an auxiliary storage device such as an HDD, or may be output to a display device such as a display.
  • the digital watermark embedding apparatus 10 embeds the digital watermark information in the embedding target image G100, creates the embedded image G200, and creates the created embedded image G200. Can be output.
  • the digital watermark embedding apparatus 10 divides the embedding target image G100 into a plurality of block areas.
  • the difference in the average value of the brightness of each block area included in the set of adjacent block areas corresponds to each bit value of the digital watermark information.
  • the embedded image G200 is created by embedding the digital watermark. As a result, when the embedded image G200 is printed, it is possible to embed an electronic watermark in which the watermark pattern is not noticeable even with a low-resolution printer, regardless of the size of the printed matter.
  • FIG. 12 is a flowchart showing an example of the digital watermark detection process in the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • the image input unit 201 of the detection processing unit 200 inputs the query image G300 (step S21).
  • the image input unit 201 inputs, for example, a query image G300 created by photographing a printed matter on which an embedded image G200 is printed with a camera or the like.
  • the marker detection / coordinate specifying unit 202 of the detection processing unit 200 detects the marker provided by the marker applying unit 102 in the query image G300 input by the image input unit 201 (step S22).
  • the marker detection / coordinate specifying unit 202 uses a frame detection algorithm disclosed in Non-Patent Document 1. Then, the marker (frame line) may be detected.
  • a region represented by the frame line is a region in which digital watermark information is embedded.
  • the marker detection / coordinate specifying unit 202 stores the information (embedding) stored in the predetermined storage area by the marker attaching unit 102 in step S12 described above. What is necessary is just to acquire the coordinate which shows the position of the feature point of the target image G100, the local feature-value, and the coordinate of 4 vertices).
  • the marker detection / coordinate specifying unit 202 specifies the coordinates of the four vertices of the rectangular area in which the digital watermark information is embedded in the query image G300 based on the detected marker (step S23).
  • the marker detection / coordinate specifying unit 202 may specify the coordinates of the four vertices of the rectangular area represented by the frame line.
  • the marker detection / coordinate specifying unit 202 includes, based on the query image G300 and information acquired from a predetermined storage area, the query image G300. The coordinates of the four vertices of the rectangular area in which the digital watermark information is embedded are calculated.
  • a feature point is extracted from the query image G300, and the feature point and the feature point acquired from the predetermined storage area are associated by collating local feature amounts.
  • the parameters of the projective transformation matrix are calculated from the degree of displacement between these feature points by the least square method or the like.
  • the coordinates of the four vertices acquired from the predetermined storage area are associated with which coordinate of the query image G300 using a projective transformation matrix using the calculated parameters.
  • the coordinates of the query image G300 thus obtained (the coordinates of the query image G300 respectively corresponding to the above four vertices) are the coordinates of the four vertices of the rectangular area in which the digital watermark information is embedded.
  • the projective transformation correcting unit 203 of the detection processing unit 200 normalizes the query image G300 by performing occlusion transformation correction based on the coordinates of the four vertices specified by the marker detection / coordinate specifying unit 202 (step S24). At this time, since a portion outside the rectangular area indicated by the four vertices is unnecessary, it is deleted (clipped) from the normalized query image G300.
  • the digital watermark detection unit 204 of the detection processing unit 200 detects digital watermark information from the query image G300 (step S25). That is, for each pair (two adjacent block areas) included in the query image G300, the digital watermark detection unit 204 calculates the average value of the brightness of the first block area included in the pair and the second block area. The average value of brightness is calculated. Then, the digital watermark detection unit 204 determines the digital watermark information depending on whether the difference value between the average brightness value of the first block area and the average brightness value of the second block area is positive or negative. It is determined whether the bit value of the bit corresponding to the pair in the represented bit string is “1” or “0”. Thereby, a bit string representing the digital watermark information can be detected.
  • the digital watermark detection unit 204 performs a process for decoding the detected bit string.
  • the result output unit 205 of the detection processing unit 200 outputs a bit string representing the digital watermark information detected by the digital watermark detection unit 204 (step S26).
  • the output destination of the digital watermark information may be output to a display device such as a display of the digital watermark detection device 20, for example.
  • a Web page indicated by the URL associated with the digital watermark information detected by the digital watermark detection unit 204 is displayed on a browser or the like. May be displayed.
  • a table should just be memorize
  • the digital watermark detection apparatus 20 detects and detects digital watermark information from the query image G300 created by, for example, photographing a printed matter on which the embedded image G200 is printed.
  • the digital watermark information can be output.
  • FIG. 13 is a flowchart showing an example of the digital watermark embedding process according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
  • step S14 the digital watermark superimposing unit 103 of the embedding processing unit 100 calculates the average value of the brightness in the first block region and the second block region for the two block regions included in each pair that has been paired.
  • the digital watermark is embedded in the embedding target image G100 so that the magnitude relationship with the average value of the brightness corresponds to each bit value of the bit string representing the digital watermark information (step S31).
  • the digital watermark superimposing unit 103 for example, the difference value indicating the difference between the average brightness value in the first block area and the average brightness value in the second block area.
  • the digital watermark is embedded in the embedding target image G100 so that it is “positive” when the bit value of the bit corresponding to the pair is “1”, and “negative” when the bit value of the bit is “0”. .
  • bit value of a bit corresponding to a certain pair in the bit string representing the digital watermark information is “1”, as shown in FIG. 14A, a predetermined density is set for the first block region B1 included in the pair. Then, the white dots (white ink dots) are overwritten spatially randomly, and the black dots (black ink dots) are overwritten randomly at a predetermined density on the second block region B2.
  • the bit value of the bit corresponding to the pair is “0”, as shown in FIG. 14B, the first block region B1 included in the pair is spatially random at a predetermined density.
  • the black spots are overwritten, and the second block areas B2 are overwritten randomly and spatially at a predetermined density.
  • the black point and the white point are not distinguished, they are simply expressed as “points”.
  • Embedding an electronic watermark by embedding a black spot and a white spot at random with a predetermined density for each block area included in each pair by using the above method for the entire embedding target image G100.
  • An example of the completed image G200 is shown in FIG. If the color of the point is the same as the color of the paper on which the point is printed, the position of this point may not be printed (that is, the ink is not placed on the position). For example, when the color of the paper is white, printing at the position of each white point may not be performed.
  • FIG. 16 shows an example of an embedded image G200 in which a digital watermark is embedded by spatially randomly overwriting a black point and a white point. At this time, the black spot and the white spot are overwritten with respect to each block included in all pairs in the background part that is transmitted.
  • the brightness of each block area included in the embedding target image G100 is checked in advance, and the density of black and white spots is adjusted in each block area so that the difference value does not reverse. You may do it.
  • the difference value is reversed, for example, even though the bit value of a bit corresponding to a certain pair is “1”, the average value of the brightness of the first block area B1 after overwriting the white point and the black point This is a case where the difference value from the average value of the brightness of the second block area B2 after overwriting is “negative”.
  • the embedded image output unit 104 of the embedding processing unit 100 outputs the embedded image G200 created by the digital watermark superimposing unit 103 (step S32).
  • the output destination of the embedded image G200 may be output to a printing machine connected to the digital watermark embedding apparatus 10.
  • a printer that can use white ink in addition to the CMYK ink is used for the printing machine.
  • the digital watermark embedding device 10 When the digital watermark embedding device 10 is an image forming device or the like, it may be output to a printing device (plotter) that it has, or may be output to an auxiliary storage device such as an HDD.
  • a printing device plotter
  • an auxiliary storage device such as an HDD.
  • the digital watermark embedding apparatus 10 embeds the digital watermark information in the embedding target image G100, creates the embedded image G200, and creates the embedded image G200 thus created. Can be output.
  • the digital watermark embedding apparatus 10 divides the embedding target image G100 into a plurality of block areas. Then, in the digital watermark embedding device 10 according to the second embodiment of the present invention, the difference in the average value of the brightness of each block area included in the set of adjacent block areas corresponds to each bit value of the digital watermark information. As described above, the embedded image G200 is created by embedding the digital watermark. Moreover, the digital watermark embedding apparatus 10 according to the second embodiment of the present invention embeds a digital watermark by overwriting a point (black point and white point) in each block area included in the set.
  • the embedded image G200 is printed, even when a digital watermark is embedded in a target object (embedding target) such as a transparent film through which the content can be seen, the surface texture of the transmitted content is displayed.
  • digital watermark information can be detected with high accuracy even with a camera such as a smartphone. That is, since the digital watermark is expressed by two patterns (dot patterns) of black spots and white spots, for example, even if the content is a surface color close to white, the black spots can be left undisturbed, For example, even if the content is a surface color close to black, white spots can be left undisturbed. For this reason, digital watermark information can be detected with high accuracy regardless of the surface color of the contents.
  • the digital watermark using a pattern based on the density of random dots has been described.
  • the present invention using white ink can be applied to various other digital watermark patterns. be able to.
  • a signal in the positive direction (high lightness direction) is white ink (white point)
  • a signal in the negative direction (low lightness direction) is black ink.
  • black ink is black ink.
  • Digital watermark embedding apparatus 10
  • Digital watermark detection apparatus 100
  • Embedding process part 101
  • Image input part 102
  • Marker provision part 103
  • Digital watermark superimposition part 104
  • Embedded image output part 200
  • Detection process part 201
  • Image input part 202
  • Marker detection and coordinate specification part 203
  • Projection Conversion correction unit 204
  • Digital watermark detection unit 205

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Image Processing (AREA)
  • Editing Of Facsimile Originals (AREA)
  • Record Information Processing For Printing (AREA)
  • Facsimile Transmission Control (AREA)
PCT/JP2018/005450 2017-02-23 2018-02-16 電子透かし埋め込み装置、電子透かし検出装置、電子透かし埋め込み方法、電子透かし検出方法、及びプログラム WO2018155331A1 (ja)

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CN201880013242.0A CN110326279B (zh) 2017-02-23 2018-02-16 电子水印嵌入装置、电子水印检测装置、电子水印嵌入方法、电子水印检测方法、存储介质

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