WO2018149392A1 - 全息摄影系统及全息显示系统和立体摄影系统及显示方法 - Google Patents

全息摄影系统及全息显示系统和立体摄影系统及显示方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018149392A1
WO2018149392A1 PCT/CN2018/076648 CN2018076648W WO2018149392A1 WO 2018149392 A1 WO2018149392 A1 WO 2018149392A1 CN 2018076648 W CN2018076648 W CN 2018076648W WO 2018149392 A1 WO2018149392 A1 WO 2018149392A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
image recording
drive
camera
display
holographic
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PCT/CN2018/076648
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
邢天宜
邢宇
Original Assignee
邢天宜
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Publication date
Application filed by 邢天宜 filed Critical 邢天宜
Priority to US16/485,461 priority Critical patent/US10955738B2/en
Publication of WO2018149392A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018149392A1/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • G03B35/00—Stereoscopic photography
    • G03B35/08—Stereoscopic photography by simultaneous recording
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • G03B15/00—Special procedures for taking photographs; Apparatus therefor
    • G03B15/02—Illuminating scene
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
    • G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
    • G01B11/002—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring two or more coordinates
    • G01B11/005—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring two or more coordinates coordinate measuring machines
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
    • G01C15/00—Surveying instruments or accessories not provided for in groups G01C1/00 - G01C13/00
    • G01C15/002—Active optical surveying means
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B30/00—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images
    • G02B30/20—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes
    • G02B30/26—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the autostereoscopic type
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • G03B17/00—Details of cameras or camera bodies; Accessories therefor
    • G03B17/02—Bodies
    • G03B17/12—Bodies with means for supporting objectives, supplementary lenses, filters, masks, or turrets
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • G03B17/00—Details of cameras or camera bodies; Accessories therefor
    • G03B17/42—Interlocking between shutter operation and advance of film or change of plate or cut-film
    • G03B17/425—Interlocking between shutter operation and advance of film or change of plate or cut-film motor drive cameras
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • G03B35/00—Stereoscopic photography
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • G03B37/00—Panoramic or wide-screen photography; Photographing extended surfaces, e.g. for surveying; Photographing internal surfaces, e.g. of pipe
    • G03B37/04—Panoramic or wide-screen photography; Photographing extended surfaces, e.g. for surveying; Photographing internal surfaces, e.g. of pipe with cameras or projectors providing touching or overlapping fields of view
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
    • G06T7/00—Image analysis
    • G06T7/50—Depth or shape recovery
    • G06T7/521—Depth or shape recovery from laser ranging, e.g. using interferometry; from the projection of structured light
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
    • G06T7/00—Image analysis
    • G06T7/50—Depth or shape recovery
    • G06T7/55—Depth or shape recovery from multiple images
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
    • G06T7/00—Image analysis
    • G06T7/70—Determining position or orientation of objects or cameras
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N13/00—Stereoscopic video systems; Multi-view video systems; Details thereof
    • H04N13/20—Image signal generators
    • H04N13/204—Image signal generators using stereoscopic image cameras
    • H04N13/243—Image signal generators using stereoscopic image cameras using three or more 2D image sensors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N23/00—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
    • H04N23/50—Constructional details
    • H04N23/54—Mounting of pick-up tubes, electronic image sensors, deviation or focusing coils
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N23/00—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
    • H04N23/50—Constructional details
    • H04N23/55—Optical parts specially adapted for electronic image sensors; Mounting thereof
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N23/00—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
    • H04N23/90—Arrangement of cameras or camera modules, e.g. multiple cameras in TV studios or sports stadiums
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B13/00—Optical objectives specially designed for the purposes specified below
    • G02B13/06—Panoramic objectives; So-called "sky lenses" including panoramic objectives having reflecting surfaces
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B30/00—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images
    • G02B30/40—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images giving the observer of a single two-dimensional [2D] image a perception of depth
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
    • G02B5/32—Holograms used as optical elements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N23/00—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an image capture and playback system.
  • it relates to a holography system, a holographic display system, a stereoscopic imaging system, and a display method.
  • the most widely used prior art is to adjust the distance between two cameras, that is, the left camera 301 and the right camera 302, to 63 mm (the distance of the human eye) and are respectively biased inward at the same time.
  • a small angle ⁇ and ⁇ ' put the intersection 'O' of the center line of the two camera lenses on the surface of the object being photographed.
  • the left camera 301 lens is equipped with an X-direction polarized lens or a red lens
  • the right camera 302 is mounted with a Y-direction polarized lens or a green lens, and then turned on at the same time to shoot.
  • the two pictures are simultaneously displayed on the screen.
  • the naked eye is used for viewing, it is very blurry and still a ghost image, so people must wear special glasses when watching the movie.
  • the image is polarized, the polarized glasses are worn, and the left eye is wearing the X-direction polarized lens. Therefore, only the image captured by the left camera 301 can be seen, and the right camera 302 cannot be seen.
  • the screen is placed on the right eye with the polarized lens in the Y direction, so that only the picture captured by the right camera 302 can be seen, and the picture taken by the left camera 301 is not seen.
  • the image is red and green, the red and green glasses are worn, and the left eye is wearing the green lens.
  • the red picture captured by the left camera 301 can be seen, and the green picture captured by the right camera 302 cannot be seen.
  • the right eye is wearing a red lens, so only the green picture captured by the right camera 302 can be seen, and the red picture captured by the left camera 301 cannot be seen.
  • the picture seen in this way is really like a three-dimensional picture that both eyes see at the same time. This is the 3D movie we watched.
  • 3D glasses In the prior art, 3D glasses must be worn when viewing 3D images, because the viewer sees two different image illusions, so the feeling of dizziness and nausea is long after watching.
  • the shooting and display of the prior art can only exist in a single viewing angle, and it is impossible to simultaneously view the other side angles such as the side and the back of the same moving object, so that it is impossible to fully satisfy all the viewers.
  • the taste
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a holography system, a holographic display system, a stereoscopic imaging system and a display method capable of seeing a clear and stereoscopic dynamic picture with the naked eye.
  • the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a holography system including m imaging devices for capturing a subject, wherein m is an integer greater than or equal to 3, and the m imaging devices are equally spaced apart in the same
  • the angle between each adjacent two camera devices to the center of the circle is 360/m
  • the m cameras are identical in structure, and each includes an L-shaped frame, and the vertical portion of the L-shaped frame
  • the top-equal intervals are sequentially provided with an intermediate photographing mechanism for generating a diffuse reflection spot for the laser beam emitted from the subject and for photographing, and a laser beam emitted by the intermediate photographing mechanism to be generated on the subject.
  • the diffuse reflection spot finds the subject and the left side photographing mechanism and the right side photographing mechanism, and the left side photographing mechanism and the right side photographing mechanism generate a diffuse reflection spot and an intermediate photographing mechanism of the laser beam generated on the object to be photographed.
  • the emitted laser beam is superposed on the diffuse reflection spot generated on the object;
  • the upper portion of the horizontal portion of the L-shaped frame is provided with a pallet, and the upper end surface of the pallet corresponds to the
  • the side photographing mechanism and the right photographing mechanism are respectively provided with a left side drive mechanism and a right side drive mechanism for driving the left side photographing mechanism and the right side photographing mechanism to swing left and right
  • the horizontal portion of the L-shaped rack is vertically provided with a guide a column and a vertical drive servo motor, wherein a drive shaft of the vertical drive servo motor is coupled with a drive screw, the drive screw is connected to the pallet through a thread, the guide post penetrating the pallet, the support
  • the plate drives the left side drive mechanism
  • the intermediate photographing mechanism includes an intermediate bracket for fixing an intermediate camera fixed at a top end of a vertical portion of the L-shaped frame, the upper end corresponding to the intermediate camera and hinged with the bracket through a first universal hinge
  • the fixing rod has a lower end connected to the manual rotating rod, and the front end of the manual rotating rod is provided with an intermediate laser pen, and the camera is located on the same vertical line as the intermediate laser pointer.
  • the left side shooting mechanism and the right side shooting mechanism are identical in structure, and include: a second universal joint disposed above the top end of the vertical portion of the L-shaped frame by a bracket, horizontally hinged at the second universal direction a guide shaft on the hinge, one end of the guide shaft is respectively provided with a side camera and a side laser pen through a fixing plate, the side camera and the side laser pen are located on the same vertical line, and the side camera is located Above the side laser pen, the other end of the guide shaft is connected with a left side drive mechanism for driving the guide shaft to drive the side fixing plate, the side camera and the side laser pen to swing left and right and up and down or Right drive mechanism.
  • the left side drive mechanism or the right side drive mechanism has the same structure, and includes: a nut fixed on the pallet, and a left side shooting mechanism or a right side shooting mechanism fixed at an upper end of the nut for penetration a bushing of the guide shaft, and a horizontally driven servo motor fixed to the pallet, the rotating shaft of the horizontal driving servo motor is connected to a horizontal driving screw, and the horizontal driving screw is screwed to the nut, The nut drives the sleeve to move left and right under the driving of the horizontal driving screw, thereby driving the left and right side shooting mechanisms or the right side of the guiding mechanism to swing left and right.
  • a holographic display system of a holographic system includes a base and a rotating shaft disposed at a center of the base and rotatable by a bearing, wherein the rotating shaft is fixedly supported by a circular tray, and the upper end surface of the circular tray is rounded
  • the circumferences of the shaped trays are sequentially arranged with m displays of the same size, and the m displays form a positive m-plane structure, and each display corresponds to an imaging device in the object holography system for the corresponding imaging of the projection.
  • An image captured by the device wherein each of the displays on the circular tray is provided with a flexible switch for opening and closing the corresponding display, and the base is formed with an angle switch for touching the elastic switch to open the display Open structure.
  • the opening structure formed on the base is formed with a downwardly recessed groove at an upper end surface of the base corresponding to the viewer, and a transition is formed between the two sides of the groove and the upper end surface of the base Beveled.
  • the elastic switch includes: a spring, a trigger rod connected to an upper end of the spring for touching an angle switch in the display, and a driving rod connected to a lower end of the spring for driving the trigger rod.
  • the bottom end of the drive rod is provided with a sliding contact that is slidable along the upper end surface of the base and the groove formed on the upper end surface of the base and the transition slope with the rotation of the circular tray.
  • a stereo photography system of a holographic system is a semi-circular photographic structure composed of an n-layer object holography system arranged from top to bottom, wherein a first layer object holography system is provided with an imaging device, and each remaining layer of object holography
  • the angle of the image is 360/m, the m cameras are identical in structure, and the object is located in the semicircular photographic structure.
  • a display method of a holographic display system based on a holographic system in which m displays of the same size are sequentially arranged in a circle, the m displays form a positive m-plane structure, and when m is large enough, the m-faced cylinder The surface becomes the surface of the cylinder, forming a plane at a local position, so that the positive m-plane structure forms a display, and the left and right direction keys are manipulated on a single display screen during playback to replace the drive tray to achieve page turning, or with a finger
  • the playback screen can be switched by sliding left and right on the touch screen of the mobile phone instead of turning the tray to achieve page turning.
  • the viewer can arbitrarily select to view the same moving object at any one of the instantaneous angles.
  • the played picture can see the 3D effect with the naked eye, especially the depth information of the various angles of the object. Therefore, using this all-round, full-view technology, the image has a strong stereoscopic effect and a more realistic image.
  • This method can realistically capture every moment, any angle of view, up and down, left and right, and all moments of a moving object.
  • Azimuth images of various perspectives and stereoscopic information can be obtained by the viewers as they are real-life viewing real objects.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing the shooting of a 3D image in the prior art
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the overall arrangement of an object holography system of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing the overall structure of an image pickup apparatus according to the present invention.
  • Figure 4 is a plan view of Figure 3;
  • Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of Figure 3;
  • Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along line B-B of Figure 3;
  • Figure 7 is a schematic view showing the photographing of each of the image pickup apparatuses of the present invention.
  • Figure 8 is a plan view showing the arrangement of the holographic display system of the present invention.
  • Figure 9 is a bottom view of Figure 8.
  • Figure 10 is a C-C direction view of Figure 9;
  • Figure 11 is a schematic view showing the overall structure of a stereo camera system of the present invention.
  • L-frame 1a vertical part
  • bracket 33 first universal hinge
  • Horizontal drive screw 300 Rack
  • the real stereoscopic scene is simultaneously photographed from various perspectives by 3D, and then the 3D method is used to simultaneously play the images of various angles of view.
  • the viewer can select any angle of view to view the object, and can fully understand the appearance of each angle of the object. And information.
  • the holographic system and the holographic display system thereof of the invention arrange m cameras around the same moving object, and simultaneously perform tracking shooting with m cameras from various angles; when the viewer wants to watch from which angle, the rotary switch is used. Switch the screen to the corresponding camera. Therefore, the viewer can arbitrarily choose to view the same moving object at any one of the instants. Moreover, the played picture can see the 3D effect with the naked eye, especially the depth information of the various angles of the object. Therefore, using this all-round, full-view technology, the image has a strong stereoscopic effect and a more realistic image. This method can realistically capture every moment, any angle of view, up and down, left and right, and all moments of a moving object. With a variety of perspectives and images with stereoscopic information, the viewer can get the real experience as if watching real objects in reality, and be there.
  • the holography system of the present invention includes m image pickup apparatuses A for photographing a subject P, wherein m is an integer of 3 or more, and the m image pickup apparatuses A are equally spaced.
  • m is an integer of 3 or more
  • the angle between each adjacent two camera devices A to the center of the circle is 360/m
  • the structures of the m imaging devices A are the same, as shown in FIG. 3 and FIG.
  • Each of the image capturing apparatuses A includes an L-shaped frame 1 in which the top ends of the vertical portions 1a of the L-shaped racks 1 are arranged at equal intervals in order to generate a diffuse reflection spot for the laser beam emitted from the object.
  • an intermediate photographing mechanism 3 for photographing for respectively finding a diffuse reflection spot generated on a subject by a laser beam emitted from the intermediate photographing mechanism 3 on the surface of the subject, and finding a subject, and causing the laser beam emitted by itself a left side photographing mechanism 2 and a right side photographing mechanism 4 that perform photographing after the diffuse reflection spots generated on the subject overlap with each other;
  • a pallet 6 is disposed above the horizontal portion 1b of the L-frame 1 The upper end surface of the pallet 6 is photographed corresponding to the left side
  • the mechanism 2 and the right-side photographing mechanism 4 are respectively provided with a horizontal portion 1b for driving the left-side driving mechanism 2 and the right-side photographing mechanism 4 to swing left and right, and the horizontal portion 1b of the L-frame 1 described by the right-side driving mechanism 10
  • a guide post 5 and a vertical drive servo motor 8 are vertically disposed, and a drive screw 7 is connected to the drive shaft of the vertical drive servo motor 8 , and the drive screw 7 is connected
  • the guide post 5 extends through the pallet 6, and the pallet 6 drives the left side drive mechanism 9 and the right side drive mechanism by moving up and down along the guide post 5 under the driving of the drive screw 7. 10 moves up and down, and the left side drive mechanism 9 and the right side drive mechanism 10 move up and down to drive the guide shaft 103 in the left side imaging mechanism 2 or the right side imaging mechanism 4 to swing up and down.
  • the intermediate photographing mechanism 3 includes an intermediate bracket 32 for arranging the intermediate camera 31 at the top end of the vertical portion 1a of the L-frame 1, and the upper end corresponds to the center.
  • the camera 31 is located on the same vertical line as the intermediate laser pointer 36.
  • the left side photographing mechanism 2 and the right side photographing mechanism 4 are identical in structure, and include: a portion disposed above the top end of the vertical portion 1a of the L-shaped frame 1 by the bracket 101. a two-way hinge 102, a guide shaft 103 horizontally hinged on the second universal joint 102, one end of the guide shaft 103 is respectively provided with a side camera 104 and a side laser pen 106 through a fixing plate 105, The side camera 104 and the side laser pointer 106 are mounted on the same fixed plate 105 and on the same vertical line, and the side camera 104 is located above the side laser pointer 106, and the guide shaft 103 is further A left side drive mechanism 9 or a right side drive mechanism 10 for driving the guide shaft 103 to drive the side fixing plate 105, the side camera 104, and the side laser pointer 106 to swing left and right and up and down is connected at one end.
  • the left side drive mechanism 9 or the right side drive mechanism 10 has the same structure, and includes a nut 201 fixed on the pallet 6 and fixed to the upper end of the nut 201. a bushing 202 for inserting a guide shaft 103 inserted into the left side photographing mechanism 2 or the right side photographing mechanism 4, and a horizontal drive servo motor 203 fixed to the pallet 6, the horizontal drive servo motor 203
  • the rotating shaft is connected to the horizontal driving screw 204, and the horizontal driving screw 204 is screwed to the nut 201.
  • the nut 201 drives the sleeve 202 to move left and right, thereby driving the left side shooting mechanism. 2 or the guide shaft 103 in the right photographing mechanism 4 moves to the left and right.
  • a holographic display system based on a holography system of the present invention includes a base 20 and a rotating shaft 21 disposed at a center of the base 20, which is rotatable by a bearing, the rotating shaft 21 A circular tray 23 is fixedly supported on the upper end surface of the circular tray 23, and m displays B of the same size are sequentially arranged along the circumference of the circular tray 23, and the m displays B constitute a positive m-plane structure.
  • Each of the display B corresponds to an image capturing device A in the object holography system for projecting an image taken by the corresponding camera device A, and each of the display devices B is provided with one for opening and closing.
  • the base 20 is formed with an opening structure 24 for touching the elastic switch 22 to open the display B.
  • the opening structure 24 formed on the base 20 is formed with a downwardly recessed groove 241 at the upper end surface of the base 20 corresponding to the viewer.
  • a transition slope 242 is formed between both sides of the groove 241 and the upper end surface of the base 20.
  • the elastic switch 22 includes a spring 222, and a trigger lever 221 connected to an upper end of the spring 222 for touching an angle switch in the display B is connected to the lower end of the spring 222.
  • a driving rod 223 for driving the action of the trigger lever 221 the bottom end of the driving rod 223 is provided with an upper end surface of the base 20 and an upper end surface of the base 20 along with the rotation of the circular tray 23 The groove 231 and the sliding contact 224 sliding on the transition ramp 232.
  • a holographic display system based on a holographic system of the present invention the viewer is viewed at the opening structure 24 of the corresponding base 20 (Fig. 10), and the display in the range of (360°/m) of the open structure is only played.
  • the screens taken by the corresponding camera device are all turned off in the range of (360°/m) of the open structure. This is because when the display is turned to the position of the opening structure, the elastic switch 22 of the display slides into the recess 241 of the opening structure, and the remaining displays are in a closed state, and only the display is played.
  • the viewer wants to see which camera is taking the picture, and simply rotates the tray 23 to turn the display equipped with the camera to the position of the opening structure 24, and the switch of the display is turned on to start playing.
  • the display of the corresponding angle is turned on, and the picture is also changed. It is not difficult to see that at any instant, only the image corresponding to the display located within the audience position is always played. The only picture captured by the device, the picture taken by the camera corresponding to the other display is always turned off during playback.
  • the L-frames 1 of m (m ⁇ 3) camera devices (Fig. 3) are roughly fixed and uniformly arranged around the object P, since each camera device has the ability to automatically track the target, and the existing A technical camera cannot do this, so there is no strict requirement with respect to the angle of the object to be photographed. Therefore, the object to be photographed and the P on its surface can be placed in the m cameras A arranged during the entire shooting period. Any activity within the scope of the envelopment will not affect the shooting effect, so it is more operable. No matter how many camera devices are involved in shooting, the following features must be available:
  • Each 'plane' is a screen that displays its own clear picture during playback, so if these 'planes' are evenly arranged around the camera object P around 360° (see Figure 2), there must be m
  • For a 'plane' there must be m displays during playback (B in Figure 8).
  • B If we connect the m displays B (Fig. 8) one after the other to form a multifaceted cylinder, each side surface of the multifaceted cylinder represents the corresponding 'plane', which is the display during playback.
  • This screen can It is a TV display, a computer display, or a display screen of a mobile phone or a tablet. When the viewer is in the range of the angle displayed by the display during playback, we only play the video within the range when the original was taken.
  • the picture taken by the device simultaneously turns off any picture taken by all other position cameras; when the viewer rotates the tray, the display is immediately closed by the opening structure 24 on the base 20, and the other display is again located on the base 20. At this point, the display plays the picture taken by the corresponding camera device.
  • the switching screen process is completed by the elastic switch 22 shown in FIG. 9 touching the angle switch on the display.
  • the base 20 is always in a stationary state, and the viewer manually rotates the tray 23 around the center S to select the one of interest.
  • the driving rod 223 of the elastic switch 22 in FIG. 9 is in the off state when the driving rod 223 of the elastic switch 22 is in the high position; when the driving rod 223 of the elastic switch 22 is in the recess 241 of the base 20, the corresponding display circuit is connected.
  • the state of the pass thus, it can be seen that only the display screen of the display in the range of the viewer is in the closed state.
  • the display is played and the other displays are all closed. Regardless of whether the tray 23 is rotating forward or backward, whether it is rotating fast or slow, there is always a single display within the range of the recess 241 of the base 20, at which time only this display in this range is booted, all other displays Both are in a shutdown state.
  • the picture played is exactly the picture taken by the camera corresponding to it at the time of shooting.
  • the stereoscopic imaging system based on the holography system of the present invention is a semi-circular photographic structure composed of an n-layer object holography system disposed from top to bottom, wherein the first layer object hologram
  • the devices A are equally spaced on the same circumference, and the angle between each adjacent two camera devices A to the center of the circle is 360/m, and the m cameras A have the same structure, and the object is P is located within the semi-circular photographic structure.
  • the display method of the holographic display system based on the holographic system of the present invention is that m displays B of the same size are sequentially arranged in the end of the circumference, and the m displays B constitute a positive m-plane structure, when m is sufficiently large,
  • the surface of the m-faced cylinder becomes the surface of the cylinder, forming a plane at a local position, so that the positive m-plane structure forms a display, and the left and right direction keys are manipulated on the single display screen during playback to replace the driving tray 23 to realize the turning.
  • the page can be switched by sliding the page to the left or right with the finger on the touch screen of the mobile phone instead of turning the tray 23 to turn the page.
  • the display method of the holographic display system based on the holographic system of the invention can be realized on the television screen, the computer display, the mobile phone screen and the tablet screen, and we can turn the page by turning the touch screen up or down, or by operating the direction key, which is It is the holographic display technology of the present invention. It's like when a spectator is staring at the same object at the same time, we want to see the object from the angle of any of the audience, we can see it, and the image we see has 3D Stereo effect.
  • the quality of the switching picture is related to the number of cameras A and B, and the number of the two must be equal. When the number is small (page turning), the angle of change is large, and the screen jumps or even mutates. The more this number, the better the effect when switching (turning pages).

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Abstract

全息摄影系统及全息显示系统和立体摄影系统及显示方法，m个摄像装置等间隔的分布在同一圆周上，相邻两个摄像装置到圆心的夹角为360/m，摄像装置均是在L型机架垂直部分的顶端等间隔设置有：用于产生漫反射光斑并进行拍摄的中间拍摄机构、用于通过产生的漫反射斑点找到被拍摄物进行拍摄的左侧拍摄机构和右侧拍摄机构，L型机架上方的托板的上端面设置用于驱动左侧拍摄机构和右侧拍摄机构摆动的左侧驱动机构和右侧驱动机构，L型机架的水平部分设置导向柱和垂直驱动伺服电机，连接驱动轴的驱动丝杠通过螺纹贯穿的连接托板，托板沿导向柱上下移动而驱动左侧驱动机构和右侧驱动机构上下移动。本发明观众可以任意选择任何一个瞬时的任何一个角度观看同一个运动物体。

Description

全息摄影系统及全息显示系统和立体摄影系统及显示方法 技术领域
本发明涉及一种图像拍摄和播放系统。特别是涉及一种全息摄影系统及全息显示系统和立体摄影系统及显示方法。
背景技术
把真实的3D场景用3D的方法拍摄下来，然后再用3D的方法播放出来展示给大家，这就是拍摄3D电影和播放3D电影的技术。
目前应用最广泛的现有技术，如图1所示，是将两架摄像机，即左摄像机301和右摄像机302的距离调至63毫米(人眼的距离)平行放置并且各自同时向内偏置一个小角度α和α'，把两架摄像机镜头中心线的交点‘O’放在被拍摄的物体表面上。拍摄之前将左摄像机301镜头上装上X方向的偏振光镜片或装上红色镜片，右摄像机302镜头上装上Y方向的偏振光镜片或装上绿色镜片，然后同时开机进行拍摄。放映的时候将这两个画面同时放映在屏幕上，此时如果用裸眼观影，非常模糊而且还是重影的影像，所以人们在观影的时候必须佩戴特殊的眼镜。如果是偏振光拍摄的影像就带上偏振光眼镜，左眼戴上X方向的偏振光镜片，所以只能看到左摄像机301拍摄到的画面，而看不到看到右摄像机302拍摄到的画面；右眼戴上Y方向的偏振光镜片，所以只能看到右摄像机302拍摄到的画面，而看不到看到左摄像机301拍摄到的画面。如果是红绿光拍摄的影像就带上红绿眼镜，左眼戴上绿色镜片，所以只能看到左摄像机301拍摄到的红色画面，而看不到看到右摄像机302拍摄到的绿色画面；右眼戴上红色镜片，所以只能看到右摄像机302拍摄到的绿色画面，而看不到看到左摄像机301拍摄到的红色画面。观影者面对屏幕，用这样的方式看到的画面就真的好像是两只眼睛同时看到的立体画面，这就是我们所观看的3D电影。
现有技术观看3D影像的时候必须要佩戴3D眼镜，因为观众所看到的是两个位置不同的影像幻觉，所以观看久了出现头晕、恶心的感觉。
另外还有不足之处：现有技术的拍摄和显示只能存在于单一视角，无法做到同时观看同一个运动着的物体侧面和背面等其它视角的景象，所以也就不可能完全满足所有观众的口味。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题是，提供一种能够用裸眼就可以看到清晰而且具有立体感动态画面的全息摄影系统及全息显示系统和立体摄影系统及显示方法。
本发明所采用的技术方案是：一种全息摄影系统，包括有用于拍摄被摄物体的m个摄像装置，其中m为大于等于3的整数，所述的m个摄像装置等间隔的分布在同一圆周上，每相邻的两个摄像装置到圆心的夹角为360/m，所述m个摄像装置的结构相同，均包括有包括L型机架，所述L型机架的垂直部分的顶端等间隔的依次设置有：用于向被拍摄物发出的激光束而产生漫反射光斑并进行拍摄的中间拍摄机构、用于分别通过中间拍摄机构所发出的激光束在被拍摄物上产生的漫反射斑点找到被拍摄物并进行拍摄的左侧拍摄机构和右侧拍摄机 构，所述左侧拍摄机构和右侧拍摄机构发出的激光束在被拍摄物上产生的漫反射斑点与中间拍摄机构所发出的激光束在被拍摄物上产生的漫反射斑点重合；所述的L型机架的水平部分的上方设置有托板，所述托板的上端面上对应所述左侧拍摄机构和右侧拍摄机构分别设置有用于驱动左侧拍摄机构和右侧拍摄机构左右摆动的左侧驱动机构和右侧驱动机构，所述的L型机架的水平部分上垂直设置有导向柱和垂直驱动伺服电机，所述垂直驱动伺服电机的驱动轴连接有驱动丝杠，所述驱动丝杠通过螺纹贯穿的连接所述托板，所述导向柱贯穿所述托板，所述托板通过在所述驱动丝杠的驱动下沿所述导向柱上下移动而驱动所述左侧驱动机构和右侧驱动机构上下移动，从而带动左侧拍摄机构或右侧拍摄机构上下摆动。
所述的中间拍摄机构包括有固定在所述L型机架的垂直部分顶端的用于设置中间摄像机的中间支架，上端对应所述的中间摄像机并且与所述的支架通过第一万向铰链铰接的固定杆，所述固定杆的下端连接手动旋转杆，所述手动旋转杆前端设置有中间激光笔，所述摄像机与所述中间激光笔位于同一垂直线上。
所述的左侧拍摄机构和右侧拍摄机构结构完全相同均包括有：通过支架设置在所述L型机架的垂直部分顶端上方的第二万向铰链，水平铰接在所述第二万向铰链上的导向轴，所述导向轴的一端通过固定板分别设置有侧部摄像机和侧部激光笔，所述侧部摄像机和侧部激光笔位于同一垂直线上，且所述侧部摄像机位于所述侧部激光笔的上方，所述导向轴的另一端连接用于驱动所述导向轴带动所述侧部固定板、侧部摄像机和侧部激光笔左右和上下摆动的左侧驱动机构或右侧驱动机构。
所述的左侧驱动机构或右侧驱动机构结构相同，均包括有：固定在所述托板上的螺母，固定在所述螺母上端的用于贯穿的插入左侧拍摄机构或右侧拍摄机构中的导向轴的轴套，以及固定在所述托板上的水平驱动伺服电机，所述水平驱动伺服电机的旋转轴连接水平驱动丝杠，所述水平驱动丝杠与所述螺母螺纹连接，在水平驱动丝杠的驱动下所述螺母带动轴套左右移动，从而带动左侧拍摄机构或右侧拍摄机构中的导向轴左右摆动。
一种全息摄影系统的全息显示系统，包括有底座和通过轴承能够旋转的设置在所述底座中心的旋转轴，所述旋转轴上固定支撑有圆形托盘，所述圆形托盘上端面沿圆形托盘的圆周首尾衔接的依次设置有大小相同的m个显示器，所述m个显示器构成一个正m面体结构，每一个显示器对应物体全息摄影系统中的一个摄像装置，用于放映所对应的摄像装置摄取的图像，所述圆形托盘上对应每一个显示器都设置有一个用于开闭所对应的显示器的弹性开关，所述的底座上形成有用于触动所述弹性开关开启显示器中的角度开关的开启结构。
形成在底座上的所述的开启结构是：在所述底座的上端面对应观看者处形成有向下凹进的凹槽，所述凹槽的两侧与底座上端面之间形成有过渡斜面。
所述的弹性开关包括有：弹簧，连接在所述弹簧上端的用于触动显示器中的角度开关开或关的触发杆，连接在所述弹簧下端的用于驱动触发杆动作的驱动杆，所述驱动杆的底端设置有能够随着所述圆形托盘的旋转在所述底座的上端面以及形成在底座上端面的凹槽和过渡斜面上滑动的滑动触点。
一种全息摄影系统的立体摄影系统，是由由上至下设置的n层物体全息摄影系统构成的半圆体摄影结构，其中，第一层物体全息摄影系统设置一个摄像装置，其余每层物体全息摄 影系统中设置有m个摄像装置，且m＝3×(n-1)，所述的m个摄像装置等间隔的分布在同一圆周上，每相邻的两个摄像装置到所在圆的圆心的夹角为360/m，所述m个摄像装置的结构相同，所述的被摄物体位于所述半圆形摄影结构内。
一种基于全息摄影系统的全息显示系统的显示方法，按圆周首尾衔接依次设置有大小相同的m个显示器，所述m个显示器构成一个正m面体结构，当m足够大时，m面柱体的表面就变成了圆柱体的表面，在局部位置形成平面，从而正m面体结构形成一个显示器，播放的时候在单个显示器屏幕上操纵左右方向键来代替驱动托盘转动实现翻页，或用手指在手机触摸屏幕上左右滑动来代替托盘转动实现翻页，就能够切换播放画面。
本发明的全息摄影系统及全息显示系统和立体摄影系统及显示方法，观众就可以任意选择在任何一个瞬时的任何一个角度观看同一个运动物体。而且播放出来的画面用裸眼就能看到3D效果，尤其能够感受到物体各个角度的深度信息。因此运用这种全方位、全视角的技术的成像立体感强，形象更逼真，这种方法可以真实地拍摄一个正在运动着物体的每任何一个瞬时、任何一个视角、上下左右前后所有瞬间与全方位各个视角、立体信息的影像，观影者就能获得如同现实中观看真实物体一样的真实体验，身临其境。
附图说明
图1是现有技术观看3D影像的拍摄示意图；
图2是本发明一种物体全息摄影系统的整体布置示意图；
图3是本发明中摄像装置的整体结构示意图；
图4是图3的俯视图；
图5是图3的A-A剖视图；
图6是图3的B-B剖视图；
图7是本发明每一个摄像装置的拍摄示意图；
图8是本发明全息显示系统布置的俯视图；
图9是图8的仰视图；
图10是图9的C-C方向视图；
图11是本发明的立体摄影系统的整体结构示意图。
图中
A：摄像装置                           B：显示器
1：L型机架                            1a：垂直部分
1b：水平部分                          2：左侧拍摄机构
3：中间拍摄机构                       31：中间摄像机
32：支架                              33：第一万向铰链
34：固定杆                            35：手动旋转杆
36：中间激光笔                        4：右侧拍摄机构
5：导向柱                             6：托板
61：螺孔                              7：驱动丝杠
8：垂直驱动伺服电机                   9：左侧驱动机构
10：右侧驱动机构                      101：支架
102：第二万向铰链                     103：导向轴
104：侧部摄像机                       105：固定板
106：侧部激光笔                       201：螺母
202：轴套                             203：水平驱动伺服电机
204：水平驱动丝杠                     300：机架
301：左侧摄像机                       302：右侧摄像机
20：底座                              21：旋转轴
22：弹性开关                          221：触发杆
222：弹簧                             223：驱动杆
224：滑动触点                         23：托盘
24：开启结构                          241：凹槽
242：过渡斜面
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例和附图对本发明的全息摄影系统及全息显示系统和立体摄影系统及显示方法做出详细说明。
把真实的立体场景从各个视角用3D的方法同时拍摄下来，然后再用3D的方法同时播放各个视角的画面，观众可以选择切换任何一个视角画面观看物体，就能够充分了解物体每个角度的体貌和信息。
本发明的全息摄影系统及其全息显示系统，围绕同一个运动着的物体布置m个摄像机，同时从各个角度用m个摄像机进行跟踪拍摄；播放的时候观众希望从哪个角度观看就通过旋转开关，把画面切换到相应的摄像机那里。因此，观众就可以任意选择在任何一个瞬时的任何一个角度观看同一个运动物体。而且播放出来的画面用裸眼就能看到3D效果，尤其能够感受到物体各个角度的深度信息。因此运用这种全方位、全视角的技术的成像立体感强，形象更逼真，这种方法可以真实地拍摄一个正在运动着物体的每任何一个瞬时、任何一个视角、上下左右前后所有瞬间与全方位各个视角、带有立体信息的影像，观影者就能获得如同现实中观看真实物体一样的真实体验，身临其境。
如图2所示，本发明的全息摄影系统，包括有用于拍摄被摄物体P的m个摄像装置A，其中m为大于等于3的整数，所述的m个摄像装置A等间隔的分布在以S为圆心的同一圆周上，每相邻的两个摄像装置A到圆心的夹角为360/m，所述m个摄像装置A的结构相同，如图3、图4所示，本发明的摄像装置A，均包括有包括L型机架1，所述L型机架1的垂直部分1a的顶端等间隔的依次设置有：用于向被拍摄物发出的激光束而产生漫反射光斑并进行拍摄的中间拍摄机构3、用于分别找到被拍摄物表面上通过中间拍摄机构3所发出的激光束在被拍摄物上产生的漫反射斑点找到被拍摄物，并且让自身发出的激光束在被拍摄物上产生的漫反射斑点与之重合之后进行拍摄的左侧拍摄机构2和右侧拍摄机构4；所述的L型机 架1的水平部分1b的上方设置有托板6，所述托板6的上端面上对应所述左侧拍摄机构2和右侧拍摄机构4分别设置有用于驱动左侧拍摄机构2和右侧拍摄机构4左右摆动的左侧驱动机构9和右侧驱动机构10所述的L型机架1的水平部分1b上垂直设置有导向柱5和垂直驱动伺服电机8，所述垂直驱动伺服电机8的驱动轴连接有驱动丝杠7，所述驱动丝杠7通过螺孔61贯穿的连接所述托板6，所述导向柱5贯穿所述托板6，所述托板6通过在所述驱动丝杠7的驱动下沿所述导向柱5上下移动而驱动所述左侧驱动机构9和右侧驱动机构10上下移动，所述左侧驱动机构9和右侧驱动机构10上下移动从而带动左侧拍摄机构2或右侧拍摄机构4中的导向轴103上下摆动。
如图3、图4、图6所示，所述的中间拍摄机构3包括有固定在所述L型机架1的垂直部分1a顶端的用于设置中间摄像机31的中间支架32，上端对应所述的中间摄像机31并且与所述的支架32通过第一万向铰链33铰接的固定杆34，所述固定杆34的下端连接手动旋转杆35，所述手动旋转杆35前端设置有中间激光笔36，所述摄像机31与所述中间激光笔36位于同一垂直线上。
如图3、图5所示，所述的左侧拍摄机构2和右侧拍摄机构4结构完全相同均包括有：通过支架101设置在所述L型机架1的垂直部分1a顶端上方的第二万向铰链102，水平铰接在所述第二万向铰链102上的导向轴103，所述导向轴103的一端通过固定板105分别设置有侧部摄像机104和侧部激光笔106，所述侧部摄像机104和侧部激光笔106安装在同一块固定板105上而且位于同一垂直线上，且所述侧部摄像机104位于所述侧部激光笔106的上方，所述导向轴103的另一端连接用于驱动所述导向轴103带动所述侧部固定板105、侧部摄像机104和侧部激光笔106左右和上下摆动的左侧驱动机构9或右侧驱动机构10。
如图3、图5所示，所述的左侧驱动机构9或右侧驱动机构10结构相同，均包括有：固定在所述托板6上的螺母201，固定在所述螺母201上端的用于贯穿的插入左侧拍摄机构2或右侧拍摄机构4中的导向轴103的轴套202，以及固定在所述托板6上的水平驱动伺服电机203，所述水平驱动伺服电机203的旋转轴连接水平驱动丝杠204，所述水平驱动丝杠204与所述螺母201螺纹连接，在水平驱动丝杠204的驱动下所述螺母201带动轴套202左右移动，从而带动左侧拍摄机构2或右侧拍摄机构4中的导向轴103左右移动摆动。
如图8、图9所示，本发明的一种基于全息摄影系统的全息显示系统，包括有底座20和通过轴承能够旋转的设置在所述底座20中心的旋转轴21，所述旋转轴21上固定支撑有圆形托盘23，所述圆形托盘23上端面沿圆形托盘23的圆周首尾衔接的依次设置有大小相同的m个显示器B，所述m个显示器B构成一个正m面体结构，每一个显示器B对应物体全息摄影系统中的一个摄像装置A，用于放映所对应的摄像装置A摄取的图像，所述圆形托盘23上对应每一个显示器B都设置有一个用于开闭所对应的显示器B中的角度开关的弹性开关22，所述的底座20上形成有用于触动所述弹性开关22开启显示器B的开启结构24。
如图9、图10所示，形成在底座20上的所述的开启结构24是：在所述底座20的上端面对应观看者处形成有向下凹进的凹槽241，所述凹槽241的两侧与底座20上端面之间形成有过渡斜面242。
如图9所示，所述的弹性开关22包括有：弹簧222，连接在所述弹簧222上端的用于触 动显示器B中的角度开关开或关的触发杆221，连接在所述弹簧222下端的用于驱动触发杆221动作的驱动杆223，所述驱动杆223的底端设置有能够随着所述圆形托盘23的旋转在所述底座20的上端面以及形成在底座20上端面的凹槽231和过渡斜面232上滑动的滑动触点224。
本发明的一种基于全息摄影系统的全息显示系统，观看者在对应底座20的开启结构24处观看(如图10)，在位于开启结构的(360°/m)范围内的显示器仅仅播放它所对应的摄像装置所拍摄的画面，开启结构的(360°/m)范围外的显示器全部关闭。这是因为当该显示器转到开启结构的位置处时，该显示器的弹性开关22滑动到开启结构的凹槽241内，其余显示器均处于关闭的状态，只有该显示器进行播放。观看者想看到哪个摄像装置所拍摄的画面，只需通过旋转托盘23，将装有这个摄像装置所拍摄的显示器转到开启结构24的位置处，这个显示器的开关就被打开，开始进行播放。随着托盘23旋转角度和位置范围不断变化，开启对应角度的显示器，其画面也跟着变化，我们不难看出：在任何一个瞬时总是仅仅播放位于观众位置范围内的那一个显示器所对应的摄像装置所拍摄的唯一画面，其它显示器所对应的摄像装置所拍摄的画面在播放的时候一律处于关闭状态。
从图2中可以看出，无论是用激光笔照射被拍摄物体表面后形成的漫反射光斑，还是把被拍摄物体表面佩戴一个发光饰品P作为搜索目标都允许。然后把m个(m≥3)摄像装置(图3)的L型机架1粗略地固定并且均匀地布置在被拍摄物体P周围，因为每一个摄像装置都具备自动跟踪目标的能力，现有技术的摄像机就无法做到这点，所以相对于被拍摄物体的角度没有严格的要求，因此，在整个拍摄期间里被拍摄物体以及它表面上的P可以在所布置的m个摄像装置A所包围的范围内任意活动都不会影响拍摄效果，于是就更具有可操作性。无论有多少个摄像装置参与拍摄，必然具备下列特征是：
1、无论有多少个摄像装置参与拍摄必须做到同时跟踪同一个物体P进行拍摄(如图4)，因为每一台摄像装置都具备自动捕捉并且跟踪拍摄者所指定的拍摄目标的能力，所以做到同时拍摄同一个物体这一点并不困难；
2、因为电信号的传输速度是30万公里/秒，所以无论摄像装置的个数多么多，或者它们之间的间隔有多么大，只要把它们的操作信号的通讯通道并联起来，虽然连接它们的导线各自长度不同，也总是能够做到也必须做到同时同步拍摄，同理，也能做到同时同步播放；
3、用一台计算机记录下所有参与拍摄的摄像装置所拍摄的每一个瞬时画面，以及画面与时间一一对应的规律。从图3、图4中还可以看出每一个摄像装置的机架L型机架1保持静止的情况下拍摄每一个瞬时画面都能自动地把被拍摄物体P放在相对应的‘e平面’之内，因此，在任何一个瞬时所有的‘e平面’ei都相交于P，在播放的时候这个‘e平面’就是显示屏幕。这就是本发明的全息拍摄技术和播放技术。拍摄的时候就好像有一圈观众同时都盯着同一个物体定睛观看一样；而播放的时候观众希望从哪个视角观影就能从容地选择。
每个‘平面’在播放的时候都是显示各自的清晰画面的屏幕，因此如果把这些‘平面’按照环绕被拍摄物体P周围360°均匀布置m个摄像装置(如图2)就必然有m个‘平面’，在播放的时候也就必然有m个显示器(图8中B)。如果我们把这m个显示器B(如图8)依次首尾相连形成了一个多面柱体，这个多面柱体的每一个侧表面都代表相应的‘平面’，在播放的时候 就是显示器，这个屏幕可以是电视显示屏、电脑显示屏，也可以是手机和平板电脑的显示屏，在播放的时候观众如果处在该显示器所显示的角度的范围内，我们就仅仅播放当初拍摄时该范围内的摄像装置所拍摄的画面，同时关闭其它所有位置摄像装置所拍摄的任何画面；当该观众旋转托盘，该显示器离开底座20上的开启结构24立即关闭，另外一个显示器又位于底座20上的开启结构24处，则这个显示器就播放其所对应的摄像装置所拍摄的画面。
切换画面过程是依靠图9所示的弹性开关22触动显示器上的角度开关来完成的，底座20始终处于静止状态，观众用手动的方式拨动托盘23围绕圆心S转动来选择感兴趣的那一个画面，图9中弹性开关22的驱动杆223在高位的时候所对应显示器的电路是断开状态；弹性开关22的驱动杆223在底座20的凹槽241内的时候所对应显示器的电路是接通状态；由此可见，只有面对观众这一角度范围内的这个显示器播放画面，其它的显示器都处于关闭状态。当再次拨动托盘23转动时，只有面对观众的这个显示处于底座20的凹槽241范围内时，该显示器进行播放，其它的显示器全部关闭。无论托盘23正转还是反转，转动得快还是慢，总是有唯一的一个显示器处于底座20的凹槽241范围内，此时只有在此范围内的这个显示器开机播放画面，其它所有的显示器都处于关机状态。播放的画面恰恰是拍摄的时候与之相对应的摄像装置所拍摄的画面。
在上述的本发明的全息摄影系统的基础上，还可以设计为如图11所示的立体摄影系统。如图11所示，本发明的基于所述的全息摄影系统的立体摄影系统，是由由上至下设置的n层物体全息摄影系统构成的半圆体摄影结构，其中，第一层物体全息摄影系统f1设置一个摄像装置A，其余每层物体全息摄影系统f2、…、fi、…、fn中设置有m个摄像装置A，且m＝3×(n-1)，所述的m个摄像装置A等间隔的分布在同一圆周上，每相邻的两个摄像装置A到所在圆的圆心的夹角为360/m，所述m个摄像装置A的结构相同，所述的被摄物体P位于所述半圆形摄影结构内。
本发明的基于全息摄影系统的全息显示系统的显示方法，是按圆周首尾衔接依次设置有大小相同的m个显示器B，所述m个显示器B构成一个正m面体结构，当m足够大时，m面柱体的表面就变成了圆柱体的表面，在局部位置形成平面，从而正m面体结构形成一个显示器，播放的时候在单个显示器屏幕上操纵左右方向键来代替驱动托盘23转动实现翻页，或用手指在手机触摸屏幕上左右滑动来代替托盘23转动实现翻页，就能够切换播放画面。
本发明的基于全息摄影系统的全息显示系统的显示方法，在电视屏幕、电脑显示器、手机屏幕和平板电脑屏幕上都能实现，我们可以通过上下左右拨动触摸屏或者操作方向键实现翻页，这就是本发明的全息显示技术。这就好像有一圈观众同时都盯着同一个物体定睛观看的时候，我们希望从其中任何一个观众所处的角度去看被拍摄物体，我们就能够看得到，而且所看到的图像具备3D的立体效果。切换画面的质量与摄像装置A和显示器B的数目多少有关，两者的数量必须相等，这个数量少切换(翻页)的时候变化角度就大，感觉画面跳跃甚至于突变。这个数量越多，切换(翻页)的时候效果就越好。
当这个数量足够多，切换(翻页)的时候画面就是连续的、观看的时候就如同身临其境；这时候图8、图9、图10中的正m面柱体的表面就演变成了圆柱体的表面，如果这个圆柱直径足够大，它的表面在其局部位置就可以看成平面，因此也就演变成了一个显示器E。根据 这个道理，播放的时候我们就可以在单个显示器屏幕上操纵左右方向键来代替驱动托盘23转动实现翻页，也可以用手指在手机触摸屏幕上左右滑动来代替托盘23转动实现翻页，就能够切换播放画面。也可以把电视屏幕或手机屏幕制作成圆柱面，让这个圆柱面围绕着轴线转动来代替托盘23的翻页，我们就可以看到完整并且清晰的3D立体的全息画面。如果把以上所叙述的被拍摄物体和m个摄像装置都在一个平面内，播放时观众只能用水平视角观看，做不到站在高处俯视观看的效果，如果按照图11所示的方式在高于fn平面之处设置n个等距平面fi，每个fi平面都围绕着被拍摄的物体P布置若干m个均布的摄像装置，最高层f1为顶点处布置一个摄像装置n＝1之外，其余各层fi由上至下各层布置摄像装置数量的规律是：m＝3×(n-1)(如图11)。这样播放的时候我们不但能够左右翻页，还能够上下翻页，这时观众就可以站在高处以俯视的视角观看画面。根据这个道理我们也可以把手机屏幕和电视屏幕制作成球面，让这个球面围绕着球心转动来代替上述的翻页，我们就能从上下左右都可以看到球形屏幕上所播放的完整并且清晰的3D立体全息图像。

Claims (9)

  1. 一种全息摄影系统，其特征在于，包括有用于拍摄被摄物体(P)的m个摄像装置(A)，其中m为大于等于3的整数，所述的m个摄像装置(A)等间隔的分布在同一圆周上，每相邻的两个摄像装置(A)到圆心的夹角为360/m，所述m个摄像装置(A)的结构相同，均包括有包括L型机架(1)，所述L型机架(1)的垂直部分(1a)的顶端等间隔的依次设置有：用于向被拍摄物(P)发出的激光束而产生漫反射光斑并进行拍摄的中间拍摄机构(3)、用于分别通过中间拍摄机构(3)所发出的激光束在被拍摄物(P)上产生的漫反射斑点找到被拍摄物(P)并进行拍摄的左侧拍摄机构(2)和右侧拍摄机构(4)，所述左侧拍摄机构(2)和右侧拍摄机构(4)发出的激光束在被拍摄物上产生的漫反射斑点与中间拍摄机构(3)所发出的激光束在被拍摄物(P)上产生的漫反射斑点重合；所述的L型机架(1)的水平部分(1b)的上方设置有托板(6)，所述托板(6)的上端面上对应所述左侧拍摄机构(2)和右侧拍摄机构(4)分别设置有用于驱动左侧拍摄机构(2)和右侧拍摄机构(4)左右摆动的左侧驱动机构(9)和右侧驱动机构(10)，所述的L型机架(1)的水平部分(1b)上垂直设置有导向柱(5)和垂直驱动伺服电机(8)，所述垂直驱动伺服电机(8)的驱动轴连接有驱动丝杠(7)，所述驱动丝杠(7)通过螺纹贯穿的连接所述托板(6)，所述导向柱(5)贯穿所述托板(6)，所述托板(6)通过在所述驱动丝杠(7)的驱动下沿所述导向柱(5)上下移动而驱动所述左侧驱动机构(9)和右侧驱动机构(10)上下移动，从而带动左侧拍摄机构(2)或右侧拍摄机构(4)上下摆动。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种全息摄影系统，其特征在于，所述的中间拍摄机构(3)包括有固定在所述L型机架(1)的垂直部分(1a)顶端的用于设置中间摄像机(31)的中间支架(32)，上端对应所述的中间摄像机(31)并且与所述的支架(32)通过第一万向铰链(33)铰接的固定杆(34)，所述固定杆(34)的下端连接手动旋转杆(35)，所述手动旋转杆(35)前端设置有中间激光笔(36)，所述摄像机(31)与所述中间激光笔(36)位于同一垂直线上。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的一种全息摄影系统，其特征在于，所述的左侧拍摄机构(2)和右侧拍摄机构(4)结构完全相同均包括有：通过支架(101)设置在所述L型机架(1)的垂直部分(1a)顶端上方的第二万向铰链(102)，水平铰接在所述第二万向铰链(102)上的导向轴(103)，所述导向轴(103)的一端通过固定板(105)分别设置有侧部摄像机(104)和侧部激光笔(106)，所述侧部摄像机(104)和侧部激光笔(106)位于同一垂直线上，且所述侧部摄像机(104)位于所述侧部激光笔(106)的上方，所述导向轴(103)的另一端连接用于驱动所述导向轴(103)带动所述侧部固定板(105)、侧部摄像机(104)和侧部激光笔(106)左右和上下摆动的左侧驱动机构(9)或右侧驱动机构(10)。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的一种全息摄影系统，其特征在于，所述的左侧驱动机构(9)或右侧驱动机构(10)结构相同，均包括有：固定在所述托板(6)上的螺母(201)，固定在所述螺母(201)上端的用于贯穿的插入左侧拍摄机构(2)或右侧拍摄机构(4)中的导向轴(103)的轴套(202)，以及固定在所述托板(6)上的水平驱动伺服电机(203)，所 述水平驱动伺服电机(203)的旋转轴连接水平驱动丝杠(204)，所述水平驱动丝杠(204)与所述螺母(201)螺纹连接，在水平驱动丝杠(204)的驱动下所述螺母(201)带动轴套(202)左右移动，从而带动左侧拍摄机构(2)或右侧拍摄机构(4)中的导向轴(103)左右摆动。
  5. 一种基于权利要求1所述的全息摄影系统的全息显示系统，其特征在于，包括有底座(20)和通过轴承能够旋转的设置在所述底座(20)中心的旋转轴(21)，所述旋转轴(21)上固定支撑有圆形托盘(23)，所述圆形托盘(23)上端面沿圆形托盘(23)的圆周首尾衔接的依次设置有大小相同的m个显示器(B)，所述m个显示器(B)构成一个正m面体结构，每一个显示器(B)对应物体全息摄影系统中的一个摄像装置(A)，用于放映所对应的摄像装置(A)摄取的图像，所述圆形托盘(23)上对应每一个显示器(B)都设置有一个用于开闭所对应的显示器(B)的弹性开关(22)，所述的底座(20)上形成有用于触动所述弹性开关(22)开启显示器(B)中的角度开关的开启结构(24)。
  6. 根据求5所述的基于全息摄影系统的全息显示系统，其特征在于，形成在底座(20)上的所述的开启结构(24)是：在所述底座(20)的上端面对应观看者处形成有向下凹进的凹槽(241)，所述凹槽(241)的两侧与底座(20)上端面之间形成有过渡斜面(242)。
  7. 根据求5所述的基于全息摄影系统的全息显示系统，其特征在于，所述的弹性开关(22)包括有：弹簧(222)，连接在所述弹簧(222)上端的用于触动显示器(B)中的角度开关开或关的触发杆(221)，连接在所述弹簧(222)下端的用于驱动触发杆(221)动作的驱动杆(223)，所述驱动杆(223)的底端设置有能够随着所述圆形托盘(21)的旋转在所述底座(20)的上端面以及形成在底座(20)上端面的凹槽(231)和过渡斜面(232)上滑动的滑动触点(24)。
  8. 一种基于权利要求1所述的全息摄影系统的立体摄影系统，其特征在于，是由由上至下设置的n层物体全息摄影系统构成的半圆体摄影结构，其中，第一层物体全息摄影系统(f1)设置一个摄像装置(A)，其余每层物体全息摄影系统(f2、…、fi、…、fn)中设置有m个摄像装置(A)，且m＝3×(n-1)，所述的m个摄像装置(A)等间隔的分布在同一圆周上，每相邻的两个摄像装置(A)到所在圆的圆心的夹角为360/m，所述m个摄像装置(A)的结构相同，所述的被摄物体(P)位于所述半圆形摄影结构内。
  9. 一种基于权利要求1所述的全息摄影系统的全息显示系统的显示方法，其特征在于，按圆周首尾衔接依次设置有大小相同的m个显示器(B)，所述m个显示器(B)构成一个正m面体结构，当m足够大时，m面柱体的表面就变成了圆柱体的表面，在局部位置形成平面，从而正m面体结构形成一个显示器，播放的时候在单个显示器屏幕上操纵左右方向键来代替驱动托盘(23)转动实现翻页，或用手指在手机触摸屏幕上左右滑动来代替托盘(23)转动实现翻页，就能够切换播放画面。
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