WO2018146805A1 - Dispositif de réfrigération - Google Patents

Dispositif de réfrigération Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018146805A1
WO2018146805A1 PCT/JP2017/005109 JP2017005109W WO2018146805A1 WO 2018146805 A1 WO2018146805 A1 WO 2018146805A1 JP 2017005109 W JP2017005109 W JP 2017005109W WO 2018146805 A1 WO2018146805 A1 WO 2018146805A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
pressure
refrigerant
compressor
low
compression chamber
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2017/005109
Other languages
English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
雅浩 神田
雅章 上川
Original Assignee
三菱電機株式会社
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 三菱電機株式会社 filed Critical 三菱電機株式会社
Priority to PCT/JP2017/005109 priority Critical patent/WO2018146805A1/fr
Publication of WO2018146805A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018146805A1/fr

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B49/00—Control, e.g. of pump delivery, or pump pressure of, or safety measures for, machines, pumps, or pumping installations, not otherwise provided for, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B47/00
    • F04B49/10—Other safety measures
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B1/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with non-reversible cycle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B49/00—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F25B49/02—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for compression type machines, plants or systems

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a refrigeration apparatus including a compressor used for refrigerant compression, and more particularly to protection of the compressor.
  • General refrigeration equipment includes a refrigerant circuit in which a compressor, a condenser, an expansion valve, and an evaporator are connected in order. Then, the refrigerant is compressed into a high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant gas by a compressor, and the refrigerant gas is heat-exchanged with outside air from the blower by a condenser to obtain a high-pressure refrigerant liquid.
  • the refrigerant liquid is squeezed and expanded by the expansion valve to become a low-temperature and low-pressure gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant.
  • the refrigerant in the gas-liquid two-phase state evaporates by exchanging heat with the room air in the evaporator and returns to the compressor as a refrigerant in a low-temperature and low-pressure gas state.
  • Patent Document 1 The low-pressure protection measures of Patent Document 1 are targeted at the time of operation mode switching.
  • the decrease in the low pressure of the refrigerant circuit is not limited to the switching of the operation mode, but the amount of refrigerant enclosed in the refrigerant circuit is insufficient, the refrigerant amount is insufficient due to refrigerant leakage, and the opening of the expansion valve catches up with the environmental change. It occurs in the situation that there is no.
  • Patent Document 1 cannot cope with such a situation and is insufficient as a measure for suppressing the seizure of the compressor.
  • the present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and an object thereof is to obtain a refrigeration apparatus capable of suppressing the seizure of a compressor.
  • a refrigeration apparatus includes a compressor, a condenser, a decompression device, and an evaporator provided with a compression chamber that sucks and compresses refrigerant, and includes a refrigerant circuit in which the refrigerant circulates and an outlet of the evaporator.
  • a pressure sensor that measures the pressure of the refrigerant up to the refrigerant suction portion of the compression chamber, a prediction calculation device that predicts and calculates a pressure value after a preset time from the pressure history measured by the pressure sensor, and a prediction calculation
  • the apparatus includes a low-pressure protection device that stops the compressor when the predicted value calculated by the apparatus becomes lower than the set value.
  • the compressor is stopped when the predicted value calculated by the prediction calculation device is lower than the set value. For this reason, the compressor can be stopped in advance before the actual low pressure falls below the set value, and the seizure of the compressor can be suppressed.
  • FIG. 3 is a refrigerant circuit diagram of the refrigeration apparatus according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. It is a figure which shows the compression principle of the compressor with which the freezing apparatus which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention was equipped. It is a figure which shows the flowchart of the low voltage
  • FIG. 1 and the following drawings the same reference numerals denote the same or corresponding parts, and are common to the whole text of the embodiments described below.
  • the form of the component represented by the whole specification is an illustration to the last, Comprising: It does not limit to the form described in the specification.
  • the level of temperature, pressure, etc. is not particularly determined in relation to absolute values, but is relatively determined in terms of the state, operation, etc. of the system, apparatus, etc.
  • FIG. 1 is a refrigerant circuit diagram of a refrigeration apparatus according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • the refrigeration apparatus 100 includes a refrigerant circuit A in which a compressor 101, a condenser 102, a decompression apparatus 103, and an evaporator 104 are sequentially connected by a refrigerant pipe, and the refrigerant circulates.
  • the refrigeration apparatus 100 includes a pressure sensor 105, a prediction calculation device 106, and a low-pressure protection device 107.
  • Compressor 101 sucks refrigerant and compresses the refrigerant to a high temperature and high pressure state.
  • the compressor 101 is driven by supplying electric power from a power supply source (not shown) to the motor 2 via the inverter 108.
  • the condenser 102 cools and condenses the refrigerant gas discharged from the compressor 101.
  • the decompression device 103 decompresses and expands the refrigerant.
  • the decompression device 103 includes an electronic expansion valve or a capillary tube that can variably adjust the opening of the throttle, and throttles and expands the refrigerant liquid from the condenser 102.
  • the evaporator 104 evaporates the refrigerant flowing out from the decompression device 103.
  • the evaporator 104 may be in any form of one provided in a refrigerator arranged indoors or one provided on the facility side arranged outdoors.
  • the pressure sensor 105 is installed between the outlet of the evaporator 104 and the suction portion of the compressor 101, and measures the pressure of the refrigerant at the installation location, that is, the low pressure of the refrigerant circuit A.
  • the prediction calculation device 106 predicts and calculates a low pressure value after a preset time from the history of low pressure measured by the pressure sensor 105.
  • the prediction calculation method is arbitrary, for example, there are the following methods. For example, when pressure measurement in the pressure sensor 105 is performed every second, a pressure value after 1 second is predicted from a linear expression based on a measured value measured at a certain timing and a measured value measured 1 second before. To do.
  • the predictive arithmetic unit 106 can be configured by hardware such as a circuit device that realizes the function, or can be configured by an arithmetic unit such as a microcomputer or a CPU and software executed on the arithmetic unit. .
  • the low-pressure protection device 107 is a device having a function of shutting down the compressor 101 by shutting off the power supply circuit to the motor 2 when the predicted value calculated by the prediction calculation device 106 becomes lower than a preset set value.
  • it is constituted by a microcomputer and a circuit for cutting off a power supply circuit to the motor 2.
  • the refrigeration apparatus 100 includes a control device 109 that can control the entire refrigeration apparatus 100, such as control of the decompression apparatus 103, control of the inverter frequency, and operation control of the low-pressure protection apparatus 107.
  • the control device 109 can be configured by hardware such as a circuit device that realizes the function, or can be configured by an arithmetic device such as a microcomputer or a CPU and software executed thereon.
  • FIG. 1 shows a single screw compressor of a type in which two gate rotors are engaged with one screw rotor.
  • the compressor 101 includes a cylindrical casing 1, a motor 2 accommodated in the casing 1, a screw shaft 3 fixed to the motor 2 and driven to rotate by the motor 2, and a screw rotor fixed to the screw shaft 3. 4 mag.
  • the motor 2 includes a stator 2a that is inscribed and fixed to the casing 1, and a motor rotor 2b that is disposed inside the stator 2a.
  • the motor rotor 2 b is arranged on the same axis as the screw rotor 4 and is fixed to the screw shaft 3.
  • the screw rotor 4 has a cylindrical shape, and a plurality of spiral screw grooves 4a are formed on the outer peripheral surface.
  • the screw rotor 4 is rotationally driven by the motor rotor 2b.
  • a pair of gate rotors 5 are arranged on the side surfaces of the screw rotor 4 so as to be axially symmetric with respect to the screw shaft 3.
  • the gate rotor 5 has a disk shape, and a plurality of teeth 5a are radially provided on the outer peripheral surface along the circumferential direction.
  • the teeth 5 a of the gate rotor are meshed with the screw grooves 4 a of the screw rotor 4, and the compression chamber 6 is formed in a space surrounded by the teeth 5 a of the gate rotor 5, the screw grooves 4 a and the inner cylindrical surface of the casing 1.
  • a strainer 7 is disposed in the refrigerant suction portion of the casing 1 in order to prevent dust from flowing into the compressor 101.
  • the inside of the casing 1 is partitioned by a partition wall 110 into a low-pressure portion 111 where the low-pressure refrigerant is located and a compression chamber 6 and a high-pressure portion 112 where the high-pressure refrigerant is located.
  • a discharge port 8 (see FIG. 2 described later) is formed.
  • FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a compression principle of the compressor provided in the refrigeration apparatus according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • the screw rotor 4 rotates in the direction of the solid arrow as the screw shaft 3 (see FIG. 1) rotates. Since the teeth 5a of the gate rotor 5 are engaged with the screw grooves 4a of the screw rotor 4, when the screw rotor 4 rotates, the teeth 5a of the gate rotor 5 relatively move in the screw grooves 4a. Thereby, the gate rotor 5 rotates in the direction of the thin white arrow.
  • the suction stroke, the compression stroke, and the discharge stroke are set as one cycle, and this cycle is repeated.
  • each stroke will be described focusing on the compression chamber 6 shaded with dots in FIG.
  • FIG. 2 (a) shows the state of the compression chamber 6 in the suction stroke.
  • the screw rotor 4 is driven by the motor 2 and rotates in the direction of the solid arrow.
  • the teeth 5a of the gate rotor 5 are sequentially rotated toward the discharge port 8, whereby the volume of the compression chamber 6 is reduced as shown in FIG. 2B, and the refrigerant gas in the compression chamber 6 is reduced. Is compressed.
  • the compression chamber 6 communicates with the discharge port 8 as shown in FIG. Thereby, the high-pressure refrigerant gas compressed in the compression chamber 6 is discharged from the discharge port 8 to the outside. Then, the same compression is performed again on the back surface of the screw rotor 4.
  • FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a flowchart of low-pressure protection control in the refrigeration apparatus according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • the processing of the flowchart of FIG. 3 is performed at arbitrarily set control time intervals during operation of the refrigeration apparatus.
  • the low pressure protection device 107 compares the predicted value of the low pressure calculated by the prediction calculation device 106 with the set value (S1), and continues the operation of the compressor 101 if the predicted value is equal to or greater than the set value. On the other hand, if the predicted value is lower than the set value, the low-pressure protection device 107 stops the compressor 101 (S2).
  • the low-pressure protection device 107 is activated and the compressor 101 is stopped.
  • the compressor 101 can be stopped in advance before the actual low-pressure pressure falls below the set value. For this reason, the seizure of the compressor 101 during the operation of the refrigeration apparatus 100 can be suppressed. That is, according to the first embodiment, it is possible to obtain a highly reliable refrigeration apparatus that can suppress seizure of the compressor 101 even when the low-pressure pressure rapidly decreases due to, for example, a failure of the decompression device 103.
  • the evaporator 104 is a so-called chiller that is a cold / hot water generator and is configured to exchange heat between the water-side flow path and the refrigerant flow path, the low-pressure pressure is reduced due to clogging of the water-side flow path with dust and the like. In this case, a highly reliable refrigeration apparatus that can suppress seizure of the compressor 101 can be obtained.
  • the refrigerant circulating in the refrigerant circuit A is not particularly limited, and a low-pressure refrigerant with a low operating pressure such as R134a or R1234yf or a high-pressure refrigerant with a high operating pressure such as R410A can be used.
  • the discharge temperature of the compressor 101 rises excessively, inconvenience such as burn-in of the compressor 101 occurs.
  • the discharge temperature is measured by the discharge temperature sensor 113 (see FIG. 1) so that the discharge temperature does not rise above the set upper limit temperature.
  • the discharge temperature sensor 113 see FIG. 1
  • the density of the low-pressure refrigerant is smaller than that of the high-pressure refrigerant. Therefore, the amount of refrigerant circulation when an event in which the low-pressure pressure is reduced occurs is smaller than when the high-pressure refrigerant is used.
  • the discharge temperature sensor is less likely to detect an abnormality. Therefore, if the configuration of the present embodiment is not adopted, the compressor may be burned before the low-pressure protection device operates. is there.
  • the low-pressure protection device 107 is activated in advance and the compressor 101 before the actual low-pressure pressure falls below the set value. Stop. For this reason, even when a low-pressure refrigerant is used, a highly reliable refrigeration apparatus that can suppress seizure of the compressor 101 can be obtained.
  • the single screw compressor is described as the compressor 101.
  • the compressor applied to the refrigeration apparatus of the present invention is not limited to a single screw compressor.
  • a compressor applied to the refrigeration apparatus of the present invention for example, a twin screw compressor, a reciprocating compressor, and a scroll compressor that include, for example, two screw rotors and meshes groove portions of these screw rotors to form a compression chamber.
  • a turbo compressor and a rotary compressor may be used.
  • the pressure sensor 105 is provided at the outlet of the evaporator 104.
  • the pressure sensor 105 only needs to be able to detect the low pressure of the refrigerant circuit A. From the outlet of the evaporator 104 to the refrigerant suction portion of the compressor 101. It may be provided anywhere between them.
  • Embodiment 2 the pressure between the outlet of the evaporator 104 and the refrigerant suction portion of the compressor 101 is detected as the low pressure of the refrigerant circuit A.
  • the point of detecting the low pressure of the refrigerant circuit A is the same, but the detection position is different from that of the first embodiment.
  • FIG. 4 is a refrigerant circuit diagram of the refrigeration apparatus according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • the pressure measurement position of the pressure sensor 105 is set to the low pressure part 111 inside the compressor 101.
  • the low pressure portion 111 is a region from the downstream side of the strainer 7 to the front of the refrigerant suction portion of the compression chamber 6, and is a region indicated by dots in FIG.
  • the configuration of the second embodiment other than the pressure measurement position of the pressure sensor 105 is all the same as that of the first embodiment.
  • the compressor 101 can be stopped even when the compressor 101 is operated while a stop valve (not shown) attached to the refrigerant suction portion of the compressor 101 is closed, the low pressure pressure is measured and predicted, The compressor 101 can be stopped. Further, even when the strainer 7 attached to the refrigerant suction portion of the compressor 101 is clogged, the compressor 101 can be stopped by detecting and predicting a decrease in low-pressure pressure. That is, the second embodiment can obtain the compressor 101 and the refrigeration apparatus 100 that are more reliable than the first embodiment.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Applications Or Details Of Rotary Compressors (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un dispositif de réfrigération qui peut empêcher le grippage d'un compresseur. Ce dispositif de réfrigération comprend: un circuit de fluide frigorigène (A) dans lequel un fluide frigorigène est mis en circulation et qui comprend un compresseur (101) qui est pourvu à l'intérieur d'une chambre de compression (6) pour recevoir un fluide frigorigène et effectuer une compression, un condenseur (102), un dispositif de réduction de pression (103) et un évaporateur (104); un capteur de pression (105) qui mesure une pression de fluide frigorigène entre la sortie d'évaporateur et la partie d'admission de fluide frigorigène de la chambre de compression; un dispositif de calcul prédictif (106) qui, à partir d'un historique de pressions mesurées par le capteur de pression, calcule et prédit la pression pour un instant auquel un temps prédéfini s'est écoulé; et un dispositif de protection basse pression (107) qui arrête le compresseur lorsque la valeur prédite calculée et prédite par le dispositif de calcul prédictif est inférieure à la valeur définie.
PCT/JP2017/005109 2017-02-13 2017-02-13 Dispositif de réfrigération WO2018146805A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/JP2017/005109 WO2018146805A1 (fr) 2017-02-13 2017-02-13 Dispositif de réfrigération

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/JP2017/005109 WO2018146805A1 (fr) 2017-02-13 2017-02-13 Dispositif de réfrigération

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WO2018146805A1 true WO2018146805A1 (fr) 2018-08-16

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108955006A (zh) * 2018-09-03 2018-12-07 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 一种制冷机组抽空停机的控制方法及制冷机组

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH10339527A (ja) * 1997-06-05 1998-12-22 Carrier Corp 冷凍機コンプレッサのモータ過熱の予測方法
JP2005207644A (ja) * 2004-01-21 2005-08-04 Mitsubishi Electric Corp 機器診断装置、冷凍サイクル装置、流体回路診断方法、機器監視システム、冷凍サイクル監視システム
JP2015206518A (ja) * 2014-04-18 2015-11-19 ダイキン工業株式会社 冷凍装置
JP2016090177A (ja) * 2014-11-07 2016-05-23 東芝キヤリア株式会社 冷凍サイクル装置

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH10339527A (ja) * 1997-06-05 1998-12-22 Carrier Corp 冷凍機コンプレッサのモータ過熱の予測方法
JP2005207644A (ja) * 2004-01-21 2005-08-04 Mitsubishi Electric Corp 機器診断装置、冷凍サイクル装置、流体回路診断方法、機器監視システム、冷凍サイクル監視システム
JP2015206518A (ja) * 2014-04-18 2015-11-19 ダイキン工業株式会社 冷凍装置
JP2016090177A (ja) * 2014-11-07 2016-05-23 東芝キヤリア株式会社 冷凍サイクル装置

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108955006A (zh) * 2018-09-03 2018-12-07 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 一种制冷机组抽空停机的控制方法及制冷机组

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