WO2018142675A1 - Dispositif d'affichage à cristaux liquides - Google Patents

Dispositif d'affichage à cristaux liquides Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018142675A1
WO2018142675A1 PCT/JP2017/036954 JP2017036954W WO2018142675A1 WO 2018142675 A1 WO2018142675 A1 WO 2018142675A1 JP 2017036954 W JP2017036954 W JP 2017036954W WO 2018142675 A1 WO2018142675 A1 WO 2018142675A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
liquid crystal
pixel
pixels
display device
crystal display
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PCT/JP2017/036954
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
岩崎　直子
貴典 奥村
俊明 藤野
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三菱電機株式会社
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Priority to JP2017564649A priority Critical patent/JP6400234B1/ja
Publication of WO2018142675A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018142675A1/fr

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a liquid crystal display device.
  • the liquid crystal display device is a display device that is used in portable information devices such as personal computers, taking advantage of the features of light weight, thinness, and low power consumption.
  • portable information devices such as personal computers
  • applications of display devices have spread to various fields such as office equipment, home AV equipment, FA (factory automation) equipment, automobiles, trains, aircraft, and large displays or signage.
  • display performance is improved, such as higher resolution and wider color gamut, and multi-information display is possible.
  • Reality and realism are required, and new expressions that make display content easier to perceive
  • the demand for methods is increasing.
  • the conventional liquid crystal display device in order to widen the viewing angle, the light emitted from the display surface is designed so that the light distribution distribution is wide to some extent and the light distribution characteristics in the display surface are uniform. Within the viewing area, an image with the same view was displayed regardless of the viewing angle. On the other hand, in the real world, for example, metal and paper have different textures, and the appearance of reflected light on the surface differs depending on the viewing angle, but the conventional display device could not express the difference. .
  • Patent Document 1 discloses a technique for improving the glossiness and stereoscopic effect of an object to be displayed using a reflection characteristic control layer.
  • the transparent thin plate (reflection characteristic control layer) located in front of the display panel is divided by a fine size, and specular reflection and diffuse reflection are switched to active for each division unit.
  • specular reflection and diffuse reflection are switched to active for each division unit.
  • glossiness is controlled for each object of the display image.
  • the specific structure of the reflective property control layer includes those produced using MEMS (Micro Electro Mechanical Systems) technology, protrusions (raised) produced on the surface of a transparent thin plate operated by an electric field, or state changes depending on temperature. And the like that control the surface reflection by changing the temperature.
  • the driving method of the display device is relatively simple.
  • pixels corresponding to specular reflection and pixels corresponding to diffuse reflection are alternately arranged, and either one of the pixels (depending on the video content, both of the pixels). Since the image is displayed by selecting the pixel), there is a problem that the resolution of the display image is lowered.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a liquid crystal display device capable of expressing the above.
  • the liquid crystal display device is not formed in a display surface in which white pixels and colored pixels of a plurality of colors other than white are arranged, and a region corresponding to the white pixels, and corresponds to colored pixels of a plurality of colors. And a scattering structure formed in the region.
  • the scattering structure is not formed in the region corresponding to the white pixel, but is formed in the region corresponding to the colored pixels of a plurality of colors, and the colored pixels of the plurality of colors have a relatively high scattering property.
  • the white pixel emits light having a relatively low scattering property.
  • the object color of the object is expressed by light having a relatively high scattering property from a plurality of colored pixels without reducing the resolution of the display image, and the object color is expressed by a light having a relatively low scattering property from a white pixel. It can express the texture such as glossiness.
  • the color includes a color emitted from the light source itself (referred to as “light source color”) and a color indicated by an object that receives light from the light source (referred to as “object color”).
  • the object color is further divided into a transparent object color and a reflective object color.
  • the present invention provides a liquid crystal display device that exhibits different light distribution characteristics between white pixels and colored pixels of a plurality of colors other than white. ing.
  • the light from the backlight is transmitted and scattered in the colored pixels of a plurality of colors other than white formed with color filters such as red, green, and blue, Display by scattering and reflecting light.
  • the glossiness of the target object the light from the backlight is transmitted without being scattered in the white pixel, or the external light is specularly reflected and displayed.
  • the liquid crystal display device As described above, in the liquid crystal display device according to the present invention, it is possible to express the difference in the texture of the object surface by emitting light having different light distribution characteristics between the white pixels and the colored pixels of a plurality of colors other than white. it can.
  • FIG. 1 shown below and the subsequent drawings are schematically shown, and do not reflect the exact sizes of the components shown in the drawings.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an example of the configuration of the liquid crystal display device 20 according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • the liquid crystal panel 15 shows a cross-sectional structure per unit pixel 151 in the thickness direction.
  • the liquid crystal display device 20 includes a liquid crystal panel 15, a backlight 16, a drive control board 17, and a thin plate member 19.
  • the backlight 16 is installed on the back side of the liquid crystal panel 15, and the backlight 16 and the liquid crystal panel 15 are electrically connected to the drive control board 17 and controlled in operation.
  • the thin plate member 19 is installed on the display surface side which is the front surface side of the liquid crystal panel 15.
  • the liquid crystal panel 15 has a structure in which the liquid crystal 1 is sealed between the color filter substrate 13 and the thin film transistor array substrate 14.
  • the thin film transistor array substrate 14 is referred to as a “TFT (thin film transistor) substrate 14”.
  • the color filter substrate 13 has a glass substrate 2, and the color filter 12 is disposed on the surface of the glass substrate 2 on the liquid crystal 1 side.
  • a counter electrode 4 for applying a voltage to the liquid crystal 1 is formed on the surface of the color filter 12 on the liquid crystal 1 side.
  • the counter electrode 4 is also called a “common electrode”.
  • An alignment film 5 for aligning the liquid crystal 1 in a predetermined direction is formed on the surface of the counter electrode 4 on the liquid crystal 1 side.
  • a polarizing plate 3 is disposed on the surface of the glass substrate 2 opposite to the liquid crystal 1 and is attached to the glass substrate 2 via an adhesive (not shown). Further, a thin plate member 19 which will be described in detail later is disposed on the surface of the polarizing plate 3 opposite to the glass substrate 2 and is attached to the polarizing plate 3 via an adhesive (not shown).
  • the color filter 12 includes color filter color materials 6r, 6g, 6b, and 6w that transmit light in specific wavelength ranges corresponding to red (R), green (G), blue (B), and white (W), respectively. .
  • color filter color material 6 each is also referred to as “color filter color material 6”.
  • the color filter 12 includes a black matrix 7 that has color filter color materials 6r, 6g, 6b, and 6w and is disposed between adjacent pixels to block light.
  • the color filter coloring material 6 for example, polyimide or a colored resin such as acrylic or epoxy resin is used, and the film thickness is, for example, about 1 ⁇ m.
  • the black matrix 7 is a film excellent in light-shielding properties. Generally, a black film obtained by adding carbon to a resin, or a metal chrome film is used. In this embodiment, a resin black matrix is used. The film thickness is, for example, about 1 to 3 ⁇ m.
  • the counter electrode 4 is for applying a voltage to the liquid crystal 1, and is formed of a transparent conductive film such as indium tin oxide (abbreviation: ITO).
  • ITO indium tin oxide
  • the thickness of the counter electrode 4 is, for example, about 50 to 150 nm.
  • the alignment film 5 is for aligning the molecules of the liquid crystal 1 in a predetermined direction, and is formed of, for example, polyimide.
  • the thickness of the alignment film 5 is, for example, about several tens of nm.
  • the TFT substrate 14 has a glass substrate 8, and a TFT array 10 for controlling a voltage applied to the liquid crystal 1 is formed on the surface of the glass substrate 8 on the liquid crystal 1 side.
  • An alignment film is formed on the TFT array 10. 11 is formed.
  • a polarizing plate 9 is disposed on the surface of the glass substrate 8 opposite to the liquid crystal 1, and is attached to the glass substrate 8 with an adhesive (not shown).
  • the TFT array 10 includes a pixel electrode for applying a voltage to the liquid crystal 1, a switching element such as a TFT for controlling the applied voltage, an insulating film covering the switching element, and a gate that is a wiring for supplying a signal to the switching element. Wiring and source wiring (both not shown) are included.
  • the drive control board 17 is electrically connected to the TFT array 10.
  • the alignment film 11 is the same as the alignment film 5 on the color filter substrate 13 side.
  • the color filter substrate 13 and the TFT substrate 14 are bonded together with a sealing material (not shown) at the periphery of both substrates via a gap material (not shown) that keeps the distance between the two substrates constant.
  • a gap material a granular gap material dispersed on the substrate may be used, or a columnar gap material formed by patterning a resin on one of the substrates may be used.
  • the sealing material is made of resin, for example.
  • the liquid crystal 1 is surrounded by a sealing material and injected into a gap formed between the color filter substrate 13 and the TFT substrate 14.
  • an injection port for injecting the liquid crystal 1 is formed as a seal material pattern in a part of the bonding region by the sealing material, and the injection port is sealed with a sealing agent after the liquid crystal is injected. .
  • the backlight 16 for example, a point light source such as a light emitting diode or a line light source such as a fluorescent tube, a surface light source formed by an electroluminescence element, or the like is used.
  • a diffusion sheet is installed and designed to emit a light beam having a uniform and comparatively gentle light distribution.
  • the colored pixels of the liquid crystal panel 15 are colored.
  • a scattering structure is formed to scatter and use the light. Therefore, a backlight having a higher light collecting property (that is, a narrow light distribution) than a normal backlight is used. It is desirable.
  • the drive control board 17 includes a control IC (Integrated Circuit) or the like, and drives the liquid crystal 1 by controlling the operation of the TFT array 10 of the liquid crystal panel 15.
  • the drive control board 17 also controls the operation of the backlight 16.
  • the liquid crystal panel 15 operates as follows. When an electric signal is input from the drive control substrate 17, a drive voltage is applied to the pixel electrode formed on the TFT substrate 14 and the counter electrode 4 formed on the color filter substrate 13, and the liquid crystal 1 of the liquid crystal 1 is matched to this drive voltage. The alignment state of the liquid crystal molecules changes. The birefringence of the liquid crystal 1 is adjusted by the voltage level of the pixel electrode and the counter electrode 4, and light transmitted through each pixel is combined with the polarizing plate 9 on the TFT substrate 14 side and the polarizing plate 3 on the color filter substrate 13 side. Is controlled. In other words, the light emitted from the backlight 16 is transmitted or blocked to the viewer side through the TFT substrate 14, the liquid crystal 1 and the color filter substrate 13.
  • the transmitted light of each pixel is colored red, green and blue by the color filter color materials 6r, 6g and 6b arranged on the color filter substrate 13, respectively. Further, the transmitted light of the color filter color material 6w becomes white without being colored.
  • the pixels having the color filter color materials 6r, 6g, 6b, and 6w are also referred to as “red pixels 151r”, “green pixels 151g”, “blue pixels 151b”, and “white pixels 151w”.
  • Each of the red pixel 151r, the green pixel 151g, and the blue pixel 151b is also referred to as a “colored pixel”.
  • the red pixel 151r, the green pixel 151g, the blue pixel 151b, and the white pixel 151w are sub-pixels constituting the unit pixel 151.
  • sub-pixels of four colors arranged side by side constitute one unit pixel 151 as a set, and a display image is formed by the collection of unit pixels 151.
  • the white pixel 151w when the color filter color materials 6r, 6g, and 6b are sequentially applied to the regions corresponding to the red pixel 151r, the green pixel 151g, and the blue pixel 151b in the manufacturing process of the color filter substrate 13, respectively,
  • the color material may not be applied only to the region corresponding to the pixel 151w, or a transparent resin may be applied to the region corresponding to the white pixel 151w.
  • a transparent overcoat film 18 may be formed on the uppermost layer of 6r, 6g, 6b (the liquid crystal 1 side surface of the color filter color materials 6r, 6g, 6b) and planarized.
  • the main material of the overcoat film 18 is, for example, a resin such as polyimide, epoxy, or acrylic, and a thermosetting type or photocurable type resin is used.
  • the film thickness of the overcoat film 18 is, for example, about 1 ⁇ m.
  • the liquid crystal panel 15 is a twisted nematic (TN) mode liquid crystal panel.
  • the liquid crystal panel 15 is not limited to this, and may be a liquid crystal panel that operates in another operation mode.
  • the liquid crystal panel 15 includes a VA (Vertically Aligned) mode, an in-plane switching (abbreviation: IPS) mode (“IPS” is a registered trademark), and a super twisted nematic (abbreviation: STN) mode.
  • IPS in-plane switching
  • STN super twisted nematic
  • the thin plate member 19 will be described in detail.
  • the polarizing plate 3 is attached to the display surface side of the color filter substrate 13, and the thin plate member 19 is attached to the surface on the further observation side of the polarizing plate 3 with, for example, an adhesive.
  • the thin plate member 19 is made of acrylic, is approximately the same size as the display surface of the liquid crystal panel 15, and has a plate thickness of 0.3 mm. The material and size of the thin plate member 19 are not limited to this.
  • pattern printing is performed on the surface of a transparent acrylic plate using light diffusion ink made of, for example, a filler, a binder, a solvent, and the like.
  • the ink is applied to a part of the surface of the thin plate member 19 by screen printing and the ink is not applied to a part of the thin plate member 19 so that the light beam that has passed through the liquid crystal panel 15 and reached the thin plate member 19 is scattered and transmitted.
  • They are arranged separately in a scattering region and a non-scattering region that transmits without scattering.
  • the scattering region is formed by screen printing, but the method of forming the scattering region is not limited to this, and the scattering region is formed by forming irregularities on the surface by etching treatment or blasting treatment.
  • the scattering region may be formed by cutting a portion corresponding to the non-scattering region from an existing diffusion sheet.
  • FIG. 3 The structure of the processed surface of the thin plate member 19 and the positional relationship between the display surface 15a formed on the observation side surface of the liquid crystal panel 15 and the thin plate member 19 will be described with reference to FIG.
  • the polarizing plate 3 on the color filter substrate 13 side is not shown, and the display surface 15 a of the liquid crystal panel 15 and the thin plate member 19 are shown separately.
  • the scattering region 19a in the thin plate member 19 is hatched.
  • FIG. 3 shows the arrangement of the white pixels 151w and the colored pixels 151r, 151g, 151b on the display surface 15a.
  • the arrangement of the pixels in the liquid crystal panel 15 according to the present embodiment is in the vertical direction in FIG. This is a stripe arrangement in which pixels of the same color are arranged.
  • the scattering region 19a is a colored pixel, ie, a red pixel 151r, a green pixel 151g, and a blue pixel. It is arrange
  • the light diffusion ink is not applied to the portion corresponding to the white pixel 151w, and therefore the portion corresponding to the white pixel 151w is a non-scattering region 19b in which the scattering region 19a is not formed.
  • the sub-pixels are arranged in stripes for each color, but the pattern of the pixel arrangement is not limited to this.
  • sub-pixels of the same color may be alternately arranged in the vertical direction and the horizontal direction, and there is no problem with other arrangements.
  • the scattering region 19a of the thin plate member 19 is formed corresponding to the colored pixels 151r, 151g, 151b, and the non-scattering region 19b is formed corresponding to the white pixel 151w.
  • the liquid crystal display device 20 includes a drive control board 17, and the drive control board 17 has a drive circuit that controls the operation of the liquid crystal panel 15.
  • the drive circuit receives the input image signal, performs signal processing according to the input image signal, outputs the output image signal to the TFT array 10, and drives the liquid crystal panel 15.
  • the input image signal includes the reflection characteristic information of the object to be displayed, and the drive circuit emits scattered light for each unit pixel 151 according to this information for display or non-scattered light (condensed light).
  • the object to be displayed is an object having a matte surface such as paper and is irradiated with uniform external light
  • the object color is represented only by the colored pixels of the red pixel 151r, the green pixel 151g, and the blue pixel 151b.
  • the pixel 151w is not driven (that is, 0 gradation).
  • the white pixel 151w is driven to express the glossy texture with non-scattered light.
  • the drive circuit also has a function of reading data relating to the intensity of gloss from the reflection characteristic information of the input image signal and determining the intensity (that is, gradation) of each of the white pixel 151w and the colored pixels 151r, 151g, and 151b.
  • a voltage is applied to each pixel of the liquid crystal panel 15 to change the alignment state of the liquid crystal molecules and transmit the light emitted from the backlight 16.
  • the red pixel 151r, the green pixel 151g, and the blue pixel 151b the light transmitted through the liquid crystal 1 and the color filter substrate 13 is incident on the thin plate member 19 and is transmitted through the scattering region 19a. It is emitted as light rays having a wide light distribution (which can also be said to be scattered light with relatively high scattering properties).
  • the white pixel 151w the light incident on the thin plate member 19 is transmitted through the non-scattering region 19b where the scattering structure is not formed, so that the light emitted from the backlight is hardly scattered and is shown by a broken line in FIG. It is emitted as a light beam having a relatively narrow light distribution (which can also be called non-scattered light or condensed light with relatively low scattering properties).
  • FIG. 6 shows an example of a display image 600 displayed by the liquid crystal display device 20.
  • a target object 60 shown in FIG. 6 is a glossy white sphere on the surface, and white external light is strongly specularly reflected in a partial region 60b.
  • the region 60b is referred to as a “specular reflection region 60b”
  • the region 60a other than the specular reflection region 60b in the target object 60 is referred to as a “scattering region 60a”.
  • the liquid crystal display device 20 displays a display image 600 as shown in FIG. 6, in the specular reflection region 60b, condensed light having a relatively narrow light distribution as shown by a broken line in FIG.
  • the object color in the scattering region 60a is additively mixed by emitting scattered light having a relatively wide light distribution as shown by a solid line in FIG. 5 from the red pixel 151r, the green pixel 151g, and the blue pixel 151b.
  • the white color of the target object 60 is expressed.
  • the input image signal including the reflection characteristic information of the object is read into the driving circuit.
  • the region where the specular reflection light is strong from the normal input image signal not including the reflection characteristic information of the object It is also possible to add a function for detecting the signal to the driving circuit and drive by inputting only the input image signal not including the reflection characteristic information.
  • the thin plate member 19 disposed on the observation side surface of the color filter substrate 13 is used, and the white pixel 151w and the colored pixels 151r, 151g, and 151b are formed.
  • the condensed light is emitted from the white pixel 151w, and the scattered light is emitted from the colored pixels 151r, 151g, and 151b, so that the object is not degraded in resolution with a simple structure.
  • the difference in surface texture can be expressed.
  • Embodiment 2 a liquid crystal display device according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention will be described.
  • the same components as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof is omitted.
  • FIG. 7 is a diagram showing an example of the configuration of a liquid crystal display device 20A according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • the liquid crystal panel 15 shows a cross-sectional structure per unit pixel 151 in the thickness direction.
  • the liquid crystal display device 20 ⁇ / b> A according to the present embodiment includes a liquid crystal panel 15, a backlight 16, and a drive control board 17.
  • the liquid crystal panel 15 has a structure in which the liquid crystal 1 is sealed between the color filter substrate 13 and the TFT substrate 14, and the TFT substrate 14 has the same structure as in the first embodiment. It has become.
  • the color filter substrate 13 has a glass substrate 2, the color filter 12 is disposed on the surface of the glass substrate 2 on the liquid crystal 1 side, and the polarizing plate 3 is disposed on the surface of the glass substrate 2 opposite to the liquid crystal 1. Has been placed.
  • the color filter 12 is arranged between the color filter color materials 6r, 6g, 6b, and 6w that transmit light in specific wavelength ranges corresponding to red, green, blue, and white, and between adjacent pixels to block light. It has a black matrix 7.
  • the material and film thickness of the color filter color materials 6r, 6g, 6b, 6w and the black matrix 7 are the same as those in the first embodiment.
  • spherical particles and the particles are formed on the surface of the color filter color materials 6r, 6g, and 6b of the red pixel 151r, the green pixel 151g, and the blue pixel 151b on the liquid crystal 1 side.
  • a scattering film 30 made of a resin having a different refractive index is formed.
  • the scattering film 30 is colorless and highly transparent, and the film thickness is about 1 to 5 ⁇ m.
  • the scattering film 30 can be easily formed by forming a film on the surface of the color filter color material 6 on the liquid crystal 1 side when the color filter substrate 13 is manufactured, and removing the resin in the region corresponding to the white pixel 151w by patterning.
  • the scattering film 30 When the scattering film 30 is formed only on the color filter color materials 6r, 6g, and 6b, the gap of the liquid crystal 1 in the white pixel 151w becomes thick, so that the scattering film 30 is as in the liquid crystal display device 20A shown in FIG.
  • An overcoat film 18 may be formed on the surface of the liquid crystal 1.
  • the overcoat film 18 may be formed thick on the white pixel 151w without forming the color filter color material 6w.
  • the counter electrode 4 is formed on the liquid crystal 1 side surface of the scattering film 30 or the overcoat film 18, and the alignment film 5 is formed on the liquid crystal 1 side surface of the counter electrode 4.
  • the liquid crystal display device 20A operates as follows.
  • a drive voltage is applied to the pixel electrode formed on the TFT substrate 14 and the counter electrode 4 formed on the color filter substrate 13, and the liquid crystal 1 is matched to this drive voltage.
  • the birefringence of the liquid crystal 1 is adjusted by the level of the driving voltage, and the transmittance of light transmitted through each pixel is controlled by the combination of the polarizing plate 9 on the TFT substrate 14 side and the polarizing plate 3 on the color filter substrate 13 side.
  • the light emitted from the backlight 16 is transmitted or blocked to the viewer side through the TFT substrate 14, the liquid crystal 1 and the color filter substrate 13.
  • the light in the red pixel 151r, the green pixel 151g, and the blue pixel 151b reaches the scattering film 30 and is scattered and incident on the color filter color materials 6r, 6g, and 6b.
  • the material passes through the materials 6r, 6g, and 6b, and is emitted from the color filter substrate 13 by being colored red, green, and blue, respectively.
  • the light in the white pixel 151 w does not pass through the scattering film 30, and thus is radiated from the color filter substrate 13 as white light having a narrow light distribution (that is, condensed) without being scattered. Is done.
  • the scattering film 30 is formed only on the liquid crystal 1 side surface of the color filter color materials 6r, 6g, and 6b included in the colored pixels 151r, 151b, and 151g, respectively.
  • red, green, and blue scattered light having a relatively high scattering property and white condensed light having a relatively low scattering property can be emitted.
  • FIG. 8 is a plan view showing the configuration of the pixel arrangement in the liquid crystal panel provided in the liquid crystal display device according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
  • the liquid crystal panel according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention has the same structure as the liquid crystal panel according to Embodiment 1 except that the pixel arrangement on the display surface 15a of the liquid crystal panel is different.
  • white pixels 251w and colored pixels 251r, 251g, and 251b are arranged on the display surface 15a.
  • the white pixel 251w, the red pixel 251r, the green pixel 251g, and the blue pixel 251b are sub-pixels constituting the unit pixel 251 (first unit pixel).
  • One unit pixel 251 is configured as a set.
  • unit pixels 252 (second unit pixels) that do not include the white pixels 251w are also arranged on the display surface 15a of the liquid crystal panel.
  • the unit pixel 252 and the unit pixel 251 form a display image.
  • the colored pixels of the red pixel 251r, the green pixel 251g, and the blue pixel 251b, which are sub-pixels other than the white pixel 251w, constitute one unit pixel 252 in one set of four, and the unit pixels 252 are arranged.
  • unit pixels 251 composed of four pixels of white pixels 251w, red pixels 251r, green pixels 251g, and blue pixels 251b are scattered.
  • the number of unit pixels 252 is larger than the number of unit pixels 251.
  • four unit pixels 251 are included in 16 unit pixels, the number ratio of unit pixels 251 is 25%, and the number ratio of unit pixels 252 is 75%.
  • the unit pixel 252 is composed of three colored pixels and constitutes four pixels, two colored pixels of one color are included.
  • a certain unit pixel 252 includes two red pixels 251r
  • a certain unit pixel 252 includes two blue pixels 251b
  • a certain unit pixel 252 includes two green pixels 251g.
  • the arrangement of the colored pixels in the unit pixel 252 is considered so that the same color pixels are not arranged adjacent to each other, and the arrangement of the unit pixels 252 is considered, Prevent color bias.
  • the arrangement shown in FIG. 8 is an example, and the unit pixels 251 including the white pixels 251w may be arranged more sparsely. Thus, the number of unit pixels 251 including the white pixels 251w can be reduced because the white pixels 251w are used for expressing gloss and do not necessarily require high definition.
  • FIG. 9 is a plan view showing the configuration of the pixel arrangement in the liquid crystal panel provided in the liquid crystal display device according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention.
  • the liquid crystal panel according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention is the same as the liquid crystal panel according to the third embodiment except that the areas of the three kinds of colored pixels in the unit pixel 252 on the display surface 15a of the liquid crystal panel are the same. It is the same structure.
  • the white pixel 251w, the red pixel 251r, the green pixel 251g, and the blue pixel 251b are sub-pixels, and a unit pixel 251 is configured by a set of four sub-pixels.
  • This unit pixel 251 is the same as in FIG. 8, and the areas of the four sub-pixels are all the same.
  • a unit pixel 252 composed of three types of pixels, ie, a red pixel 251r, a green pixel 251g, and a blue pixel 251b, which are colored pixels, for example, the two red pixels 251r, the green pixel 251g, and the blue pixel 251b are the same.
  • a unit pixel 252 is configured to include two color pixels. In FIG. 8, even in the unit pixel 252 having such a configuration, the areas of the four sub-pixels are the same. In such a case, the shade of the unit pixel 252 varies depending on the configuration of the sub-pixels. For example, when white is displayed with a unit pixel including two red pixels 251r, a reddish white is displayed, and when white is displayed with a unit pixel including two blue pixels 251b, a bluish white is displayed.
  • the color pixels constituting the unit pixel 252 are configured to have the same area for each color.
  • the area of the green pixel 251g and the blue pixel 251b is set to 4/3 times the area of the sub pixel of the unit pixel 252 in FIG. 8, and the area of the red pixel 251r is illustrated.
  • the area of the sub-pixel of the 8 unit pixels 252 is 2/3 times.
  • the unit pixel 252 includes two red pixels 251r, one green pixel 251g, and one blue pixel 251b, the area for each color indicated by the sub-pixels is the same as that of the unit pixel 252 in FIG. This is 4/3 times the area of the sub-pixel, and the colored pixels of three kinds of colors in the unit pixel 252 all have the same area. For this reason, any unit pixel 252 can display the same color.
  • the source wiring 260 passing through the unit pixel 252 is arranged in a zigzag manner between the sub-pixels as shown in FIG.
  • the shape of the sub-pixel is a square or a rectangle.
  • the shape is not limited to these.
  • a pixel shape inclined obliquely along the comb-shaped electrode such as a pixel of an IPS mode liquid crystal panel, may be used.
  • the source wiring 260 also has a shape including a portion inclined obliquely along the sub-pixel.
  • the color pixels constituting the unit pixel 252 are configured to have the same area for each color of the color pixel, so that any unit pixel 252 can be used regardless of the color arrangement in the unit pixel 252. The same color can be displayed.
  • FIG. 10 is a plan view showing the configuration of the unit pixel 51 in the liquid crystal panel 115 (semi-transmissive liquid crystal panel) provided in the liquid crystal display device according to Embodiment 5 of the present invention.
  • the liquid crystal display device according to this embodiment is a transflective liquid crystal display device.
  • the four pixels 51r, 51g, 51b, and 51w shown in FIG. 10 are red, green, and blue colored pixels, and a white pixel, respectively. These four pixels 51r, 51g, 51b, 51w constitute one unit pixel 51 in one set.
  • a region corresponding to the display area 52 of each of the colored pixels 51r, 51g, and 51b includes a scattering reflection region 54 (a fine hatching region in FIG. 10) that scatters and reflects ambient light incident on the liquid crystal from the outside, and a backlight.
  • a transmissive region 53 that transmits incident light is formed.
  • a specular reflection area 55 (rough hatching area in FIG. 10) that specularly reflects ambient light incident on the liquid crystal from the outside, and incident light from the backlight.
  • a transmission region 53 to be transmitted is formed.
  • a reflection pixel electrode is provided as will be described later, and an uneven portion 144a is formed on the reflection pixel electrode surface.
  • FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA shown in FIG. 10 and shows a cross-sectional structure of the red pixel 51r.
  • the liquid crystal panel 115 has a structure in which the liquid crystal 101 is sealed between the color filter substrate 113 and the TFT substrate 114.
  • the color filter substrate 113 has a glass substrate 102, and a color filter 112 is disposed on the surface of the glass substrate 102 on the liquid crystal 101 side.
  • a counter electrode 104 is formed on the surface of the color filter 112 on the liquid crystal 101 side, and an alignment film (not shown) is formed on the surface of the counter electrode 104 on the liquid crystal 101 side.
  • a polarizing plate 103 is disposed on the surface of the glass substrate 102 opposite to the liquid crystal 101, and is attached to the glass substrate 102 via an adhesive (not shown).
  • the color filter 112 includes a red color filter color material 106r and a black matrix 107 disposed between adjacent pixels.
  • the red pixel 51r is described, but the configuration other than the color of the color filter color material in the colored pixels other than white, such as the green pixel 51g and the blue pixel 51b, is the same as that of the red pixel 51r.
  • the TFT substrate 114 has a glass substrate 108, and a TFT array is formed on the surface of the glass substrate 108 on the liquid crystal 101 side, but detailed description thereof is omitted here. Further, a polarizing plate 109 is disposed on the surface of the glass substrate 108 opposite to the liquid crystal 101, and is attached to the glass substrate 108 via an adhesive (not shown).
  • an interlayer insulating film 110 is shown on the surface of the glass substrate 108 on the liquid crystal 101 side, but the interlayer insulating film 110 is formed so as to cover the source electrode, drain electrode and gate insulating film of the TFT array not shown.
  • an organic planarizing film 140 is formed on the interlayer insulating film 110.
  • the organic planarization film 140 is not particularly limited, and for example, a photosensitive organic resin film can be applied.
  • an uneven portion 144a is formed in order to scatter and reflect external light incident on the liquid crystal panel 115 from the observation side surface of the liquid crystal panel 115.
  • a transparent conductive film 141 and a conductive reflective film 142 are laminated in this order on the organic planarizing film 140, thereby forming a pixel electrode 150.
  • the transparent conductive film 141 for example, ITO (Indium Tin Oxide), IZO (Indium Tinc Oxide), ITZO (Indium Tin Zinc Oxide), or the like can be applied.
  • the conductive reflective film 142 a metal film having a high reflectance in the visible light region, such as Al or Ag, a laminated film thereof, or an alloy containing these as a main component can be used.
  • the region where the conductive reflective film 142 is formed is the reflective pixel electrode 144 and constitutes the scattering reflective region 54, and the transparent conductive film 141 region where the conductive reflective film 142 is not formed is transmitted. It is the pixel electrode 143 and constitutes the transmissive region 53.
  • An alignment film (not shown) is formed on the surface of the pixel electrode 150.
  • FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line BB shown in FIG. 10 and shows a cross-sectional structure of the white pixel 51w. 12, the same reference numerals are given to the same components as those in FIG. 11, but the white pixel 51 w is not a color filter color material 106 r but a color filter color material 106 w made of a white color material or a colorless transparent resin. Have Further, the white pixel 51w is different from the colored pixel shown in FIG. 11 in the structure of the reflective pixel electrode 145.
  • the reflective pixel electrode 145 is formed by laminating a transparent conductive film 141 and a conductive reflective film 142 in this order on the organic planarizing film 140.
  • the white pixel 51 w does not include the uneven portion 144 a on the surface of the organic planarization film 140 as shown in FIG. 12. Therefore, the transparent conductive film 141 and the conductive reflective film 142 formed on the surface are not uneven, and the reflective pixel has a flat surface (flat part) for specularly reflecting external light incident on the liquid crystal panel 115.
  • the mirror reflection region 55 is configured by the electrode 145.
  • the colored pixels 51r, 51g, 51b having the structure as shown in FIG. 11 and the white pixels 51w having the structure as shown in FIG. 12 are arranged as shown in FIG. 10 to form the liquid crystal panel 115.
  • a backlight (not shown) is disposed on the back side of the TFT substrate 114 of the liquid crystal panel 115.
  • any of the colored pixels 51r, 51g, 51b and the white pixel 51w when light enters each transmission region 53, the light passes through the liquid crystal 101 and the TFT substrate 114 and is reflected on the backlight surface. However, the amount of light at this time is small and the influence on the display is small.
  • the colored pixels 51r, 51g, 51b are driven and displayed by the scattered reflected light, and the metallic gloss surface is expressed.
  • the white pixel 51w and expressing the reflected component by the condensed light the difference in the texture of the object surface can be expressed.
  • the backlight is turned on to display an image on the liquid crystal panel 115.
  • the light from the backlight is incident on the transmissive region 53 shown in FIG. 11 or 12, and the transparent conductive film 141 formed on the TFT substrate 114, the liquid crystal 101, is transmitted through the color filter substrate 113 and emitted to the outside of the liquid crystal panel 115. Since the behavior at this time is the same for the colored pixels 51r, 51g, 51b and the white pixel 51w, the texture of the object cannot be expressed when displaying only in the backlight in a completely dark room. However, when there is a slight amount of external light, it can be used in combination with a backlight, and the above-described texture expression by reflected light becomes possible.
  • the area of the transmission region 53 or the area ratio between the scattering reflection region 54 or the specular reflection region 55 and the transmission region 53 is not limited.
  • the transmissive area 53 should be increased to some extent.
  • the transmissive area 53 can be reduced.
  • a transmissive region 53 and a backlight may not be provided, and the display device may include a reflective liquid crystal panel having only a reflective region, that is, a reflective liquid crystal display device.
  • the texture display is limited to only in the environment where the external light is used, only the white pixel 51w does not form a transmission region as in the unit pixel configuration shown in FIG.
  • the area As the specular reflection area 55, the amount of reflected light in an environment using external light may be increased.
  • FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view of red pixel 51r in liquid crystal panel 115A (semi-transmissive liquid crystal panel) included in the liquid crystal display device according to Embodiment 6 of the present invention.
  • the liquid crystal display device according to this embodiment is a transflective liquid crystal display device.
  • FIG. 14 corresponds to FIG. 11 shown in the fifth embodiment, and the structure of the color filter substrate 113 is different from that of the fifth embodiment.
  • a scattering film 130 made of spherical particles and resins having different refractive indexes is formed on the surface of the color filter substrate 113 on the liquid crystal 101 side.
  • an overcoat film 118 is formed on the surface of the scattering film 130.
  • the structure of the red pixel 51r is shown, but the other colored pixels have the same structure, and the scattering film 130 is formed only in the transmissive region 53 of the colored pixel and formed in the white pixel.
  • the transflective liquid crystal display device when outside light cannot be used and the backlight is turned on, the light from the backlight enters the transmission region 53, and the scattering film 130 formed on the color filter substrate 113. , Is scattered, passes through the color filter color material, is colored in any one of red, green, and blue and is emitted from the color filter substrate 113. Since the scattering film 130 is not formed on the white pixel, the condensed light is emitted from the color filter substrate 113 of the white pixel.
  • the transflective liquid crystal display device As described above, in the transflective liquid crystal display device according to the present embodiment, scattered light is emitted from colored pixels and condensed light is emitted from white pixels regardless of whether external light is used or backlight light is used. In addition, by driving the colored pixels and the white pixels according to the information of the video content, it is possible to express the texture such as the gloss of the object.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Nonlinear Science (AREA)
  • Mathematical Physics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Liquid Crystal (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un dispositif d'affichage à cristaux liquides qui comprend: une surface d'affichage dans laquelle sont disposés en réseau des pixels blancs et des pixels colorés présentant une pluralité de couleurs autres que le blanc; et une structure de diffusion formée dans des zones correspondant aux pixels colorés présentant la pluralité de couleurs, mais non formée dans des zones correspondant aux pixels blancs.
PCT/JP2017/036954 2017-02-02 2017-10-12 Dispositif d'affichage à cristaux liquides WO2018142675A1 (fr)

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Citations (4)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2005172944A (ja) * 2003-12-08 2005-06-30 Sharp Corp 液晶表示装置
JP2011203610A (ja) * 2010-03-26 2011-10-13 Sony Corp 画像表示装置
WO2013061811A1 (fr) * 2011-10-25 2013-05-02 大日本印刷株式会社 Filtre coloré pour dispositif d'affichage réfléchissant et dispositif d'affichage réfléchissant
JP2016118709A (ja) * 2014-12-22 2016-06-30 大日本印刷株式会社 カラーフィルタ及び電子ペーパー

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH11295717A (ja) * 1998-04-13 1999-10-29 Hitachi Ltd 液晶表示装置
CN1324363C (zh) * 2002-05-04 2007-07-04 三星电子株式会社 液晶显示器及其滤色片阵列板
US20080007677A1 (en) * 2004-06-15 2008-01-10 Masashi Enomoto Optical Film, Liquid Crystal Panel, And Liquid Crystal Display Apparatus
JP6465868B2 (ja) * 2014-04-17 2019-02-06 シャープ株式会社 液晶表示装置
JP5982459B2 (ja) * 2014-12-12 2016-08-31 張棋龍 染色装置の繊維構造物循環制御方法

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2005172944A (ja) * 2003-12-08 2005-06-30 Sharp Corp 液晶表示装置
JP2011203610A (ja) * 2010-03-26 2011-10-13 Sony Corp 画像表示装置
WO2013061811A1 (fr) * 2011-10-25 2013-05-02 大日本印刷株式会社 Filtre coloré pour dispositif d'affichage réfléchissant et dispositif d'affichage réfléchissant
JP2016118709A (ja) * 2014-12-22 2016-06-30 大日本印刷株式会社 カラーフィルタ及び電子ペーパー

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