WO2018133400A1 - 一种液晶透镜及显示装置 - Google Patents

一种液晶透镜及显示装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018133400A1
WO2018133400A1 PCT/CN2017/097316 CN2017097316W WO2018133400A1 WO 2018133400 A1 WO2018133400 A1 WO 2018133400A1 CN 2017097316 W CN2017097316 W CN 2017097316W WO 2018133400 A1 WO2018133400 A1 WO 2018133400A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
substrate
electrode unit
liquid crystal
electrode
crystal lens
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PCT/CN2017/097316
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
陈猷仁
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惠科股份有限公司
重庆惠科金渝光电科技有限公司
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Priority to US15/739,986 priority Critical patent/US10520778B2/en
Publication of WO2018133400A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018133400A1/zh

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/29—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the position or the direction of light beams, i.e. deflection
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B30/00—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images
    • G02B30/20—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes
    • G02B30/26—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the autostereoscopic type
    • G02B30/27—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the autostereoscopic type involving lenticular arrays
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1343—Electrodes
    • G02F1/134309—Electrodes characterised by their geometrical arrangement
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B26/00—Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements
    • G02B26/08—Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements for controlling the direction of light
    • G02B26/0875—Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements for controlling the direction of light by means of one or more refracting elements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/29—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the position or the direction of light beams, i.e. deflection
    • G02F1/294—Variable focal length devices

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of display technologies, and in particular, to a liquid crystal lens and a display device.
  • 3D display technologies include glasses-type display and naked-eye display.
  • the naked-eye display has become the main development direction of stereoscopic display because of the convenience of not wearing glasses.
  • the principle of the naked eye display is to split the image displayed by the display through a grating or a lens, so that the human eye receives different images to achieve a stereoscopic effect.
  • 3D display technology mainly includes: parallax barrier technology, lenticular lens technology and pointing light source technology.
  • a conventional lenticular lens 3D display includes: a liquid crystal display panel and a liquid crystal lens disposed on a display surface of the liquid crystal display panel, the liquid crystal lens forming a plurality of convex lenses 1 under the control of the electrode unit, and displaying the liquid crystal display panel under the action of the convex lens
  • the images of the left and right eyes are separated by the principle of refraction, and are respectively transmitted to the left and right eyes of the user, thereby allowing the user to see the stereoscopic image.
  • the existing lenticular lens 3D display because of the different viewing angles of the user, would cause interference to the images entering the left and right eyes (the left eye image enters the right eye and the right eye image enters the left eye), that is, the 3D stereoscopic display faces Crosstalk problem, which seriously affects the user's viewing experience. In severe cases, the user may experience dizziness.
  • the present application provides a liquid crystal lens and a display device, which are intended to improve the crosstalk problem of the existing naked eye stereoscopic display.
  • a liquid crystal lens comprising: a first substrate and a second substrate disposed opposite to the first substrate, wherein the first substrate and the second substrate are both curved substrates;
  • a plurality of second electrode units disposed on the second substrate including a plurality of electrode units having a first structure and a plurality of electrode units having a second structure, wherein the electrode unit having the first structure is disposed at The two sides of the second substrate are disposed at a central position of the second substrate, and the electrode unit having the first structure includes a plurality of different widths and arrangement pitches a second electrode, the electrode unit having the second structure including a plurality of second electrodes having the same width and arrangement pitch;
  • a plurality of lenses are formed by controlling an electric field, and the plurality of lenses are lenses having partial or complete structures.
  • a liquid crystal lens comprising: a first substrate and a second substrate disposed opposite to the first substrate, wherein the first substrate and the second substrate are both curved substrates; a first electrode unit disposed on the first substrate; a plurality of second electrode units disposed on the second substrate; and a liquid crystal layer disposed between the first electrode unit and the second electrode unit.
  • the liquid crystal molecules corresponding to the plurality of the second electrode units form a plurality of lenses under the action of a control electric field formed by the second electrode unit and the first electrode unit, and the plurality of lenses are part or all A lens with a different structure.
  • the plurality of the second electrode units include an electrode unit having a first structure; and the electrode unit having the first structure includes a plurality of second electrodes having different widths and arrangement pitches.
  • the plurality of the second electrode units further includes an electrode unit having a second structure; and the electrode unit having the second structure includes a plurality of second electrodes having the same width and arrangement pitch.
  • the curvatures of the first substrate and the second substrate are adjustable.
  • liquid crystal lens of the present application when the curvatures of the first substrate and the second substrate are changed, changing the applied voltage of the second electrode unit forms a different control electric field.
  • a display device comprising: a display panel comprising a plurality of columns of pixel units; a liquid crystal lens, the liquid crystal lens being disposed on the display panel, the liquid crystal lens comprising a first substrate and a second substrate disposed opposite to the first substrate, wherein the first substrate and the second substrate are both curved substrates; a first electrode unit disposed on the first substrate; a plurality of second An electrode unit disposed on the second substrate; and a liquid crystal layer disposed between the first electrode unit and the second electrode unit, wherein liquid crystal molecules corresponding to the plurality of the second electrode units are A plurality of lenses are formed by a second electric field and a control electric field formed by the first electrode unit, and the plurality of lenses are partially or completely different lenses.
  • each of the second electrode units corresponds to at least two columns of pixel units.
  • the plurality of the second electrode units include an electrode unit having a first structure; and the electrode unit having the first structure includes a plurality of second electrodes having different widths and arrangement pitches.
  • the plurality of the second electrode units further includes an electrode unit having a second structure; and the electrode unit having the second structure includes a plurality of second electrodes having the same width and arrangement pitch.
  • the curvatures of the first substrate and the second substrate are adjustable; when the curvatures of the first substrate and the second substrate are changed, changing the applied voltage of the second electrode unit to form a different Control electric field
  • a plurality of different second electrode units are disposed on the curved substrate, and a voltage formed by the plurality of second electrode units and the first electrode unit is used to control the arrangement of the liquid crystal molecules filled in the substrate, thereby forming a plurality of different lenses.
  • the lens can reduce the crosstalk problem of the naked eye stereo display.
  • the liquid crystal lens is correspondingly disposed on the curved display screen to form a display device, which can provide a better stereoscopic display effect for the user and improve the viewing experience of the user.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional structural view of a liquid crystal lens according to an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of forming a lens after applying a voltage to one of the second electrode units according to an embodiment of the present application;
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of forming a lens after applying a voltage to another second electrode unit according to an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional structural view of a display device according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 5 is an enlarged schematic view of a portion A in Figure 4.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic cross-sectional structural view of a liquid crystal lens provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the liquid crystal lens 20 includes a first substrate 21, a second substrate 22, a first electrode unit 23, a plurality of second electrode units 24, and a liquid crystal layer 25.
  • the first substrate 21 and the second substrate 22 are disposed opposite to each other, wherein the first substrate 21 and the second substrate 22 are both curved substrates, and the curvature is adjustable.
  • the first electrode unit 23 is disposed on the first substrate 21, and the first electrode unit 23 is a common electrode.
  • the second electrode unit 24 is disposed on the second substrate 22.
  • the liquid crystal layer 25 is filled between the first electrode unit 23 and the second electrode unit 24, that is, between the first substrate 21 and the second substrate 22, and is formed with the first electrode unit 23 when a voltage is applied to the second electrode unit 24.
  • Controlling a voltage controls an arrangement of liquid crystal molecules corresponding to the second electrode unit 24 in the liquid crystal layer to form a lens, and the plurality of second electrode units 24 form a plurality of lenses, and the plurality of lenses are partially or All of the lenses having different structures are specifically formed by applying a voltage to the second electrode unit 24 having a different structure to form a control electric field to control the arrangement of the liquid crystal molecules.
  • the liquid crystal lens can effectively separate the images of the left and right eyes emitted by the display panel according to the principle of light refraction by using lenses of different structures, so that the user can see the stereoscopic display image.
  • the structure of the liquid crystal lens is a curved surface structure, if a lenticular lens having the same structure similar to that used for a flat display panel is used, it is difficult to separate and focus the left and right eye images emitted from the display panel at a certain position, so the curved display
  • the use of lenticular lenses will cause serious crosstalk problems, and the use of liquid crystal lenses with some or all of the different structures can solve the crosstalk problem and provide users with better stereoscopic display effects.
  • the plurality of second electrode units 24 include the electrode unit 241 having the first structure, and it can be understood that the plurality of second electrode units 24 have the first structure.
  • the electrode unit 241 having the first structure includes a plurality of second electrodes 2410, and the widths W of the plurality of second electrodes 2410 are not the same and the arrangement pitch S of each other is also different.
  • the electrode unit 241 having the first structure receives a voltage forming a control voltage with the first electrode unit 23 and controlling the arrangement of the liquid crystal molecules 25 corresponding to the electrode unit, the lens 261 is formed, whereby the plurality of electrode units 241 having the first structure are formed.
  • the lens 261 is mainly disposed at two sides of the second substrate; and the plurality of second electrodes 2410 included in the electrode unit 241 having the plurality of first structures have different structural parameters, that is, the second electrode The width and the arrangement pitch are different, depending on the position of the second substrate.
  • the structure of the lens is related to the curvature of the substrate, so the liquid crystal lens can be used for a curved display to provide a better display effect.
  • the plurality of the second electrode units 24 further includes an electrode unit 242 having a second structure.
  • the electrode unit 242 having the second structure includes a plurality of second electrodes 2420 having the same width W and the same arrangement pitch S of each other.
  • the lens 262 is formed, whereby the plurality of electrode units 242 having the second structure are formed.
  • the liquid crystal lens may include a plurality of electrode units having the first structure, or a combination of a plurality of electrode units having the first structure and electrode units having the second structure. It depends on actual needs.
  • the curvatures of the first substrate 21 and the second substrate 22 can be changed, increasing the degree of freedom of use by the user.
  • the changed curvature of the first substrate 21 and the second substrate 22 is calculated while the applied voltages of the plurality of second electrode units 24 form different control electric fields, the voltage Related to the changed curvature. Therefore, a liquid crystal lens having different structural parameters can be used to display a stereoscopic image according to different curvatures of different display screens, thereby further increasing the stereoscopic display effect.
  • the liquid crystal lens of the above embodiment by arranging a plurality of different second electrode units on the curved substrate, the voltage formed by the plurality of second electrode units and the first electrode unit controls the arrangement of the liquid crystal molecules filled in the substrate, thereby forming a plurality of different A lens that reduces the crosstalk problem of stereoscopic display of the naked eye.
  • the liquid crystal lens is correspondingly disposed on the curved display screen to form a display device, which can provide a better stereoscopic display effect for the user and improve the viewing experience of the user.
  • FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional structural diagram of a display device according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the display device includes a liquid crystal lens 20 and a display panel 30.
  • the liquid crystal lens 20 is disposed on the display surface side of the display panel 30.
  • the display panel 30 can be a curved display panel and includes a plurality of columns of pixel units, specifically the plurality of columns.
  • the pixel unit is used to display left and right eye images, and is referred to as a left pixel unit 31 and a right pixel unit 32.
  • the liquid crystal lens 20 is completely the same as the liquid crystal lens in the above embodiment.
  • the display panel 30 can be, for example, a liquid crystal display panel, an LED display panel, a QLED display panel, an OLED display panel, or a curved display panel.
  • each of the second electrode units corresponds to at least two columns of pixel units for displaying left and right images, and may further include a plurality of columns of pixel units, which are not limited herein. It depends on the display effect and the actual process.
  • FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of the display device A of the drawing.
  • Forming a control electric field with the first electrode unit when the second electrode unit 24 receives the voltage the control electric field controls the arrangement of the liquid crystal molecules between the second electrode unit 24 and the first electrode unit to form a lens, due to the location
  • the second electrode unit at different positions on the second substrate includes second electrodes having different structural parameters (width and arrangement pitch of the electrodes) such that the formed lenses also have different structures.
  • the structural parameters of the second electrode unit are related to the curvature of the second substrate, and are also related to the specific arrangement position of the second electrode unit.
  • the naked eye 3D display is realized, and the display device realizes the naked eye 3D display by using the liquid crystal lens with different structural parameters through the refractive principle, which can not only reduce The naked eye 3D displays the existing crosstalk problem, and can also fix the optimal viewing position of the display device, thereby improving the visual viewing enjoyment of the user's viewing.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Nonlinear Science (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Geometry (AREA)
  • Mathematical Physics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Liquid Crystal (AREA)
  • Testing, Inspecting, Measuring Of Stereoscopic Televisions And Televisions (AREA)

Abstract

一种液晶透镜（20）及显示装置，液晶透镜（20）包括：第一基板（21）和与所述第一基板（21）相对设置的第二基板（22），其中第一基板（21）和第二基板（22）均为曲面基板；第一电极单元（23），设置于第一基板（21）上；多个第二电极单元（24），设置于第二基板（22）上；以及液晶层（25），设置于第一电极单元（23）和第二电极单元（24）之间，其中与多个第二电极单元（24）相对应的液晶分子在第二电极单元（24）与所述第一电极单元（23）形成的控制电场的作用下形成多个透镜，多个透镜为部分或全部结构不同的透镜。这种透镜可以降低裸眼立体显示的串扰问题。将液晶透镜（20）对应设置在曲面显示屏上形成显示装置，可以为用户提供更佳的立体显示效果。

Description

一种液晶透镜及显示装置
技术领域
本申请涉及显示技术领域，尤其涉及一种液晶透镜及显示装置。
背景技术
目前，越来越多的显示器具有立体3D显示效果，3D显示技术包括眼镜式显示和裸眼式显示，其中，裸眼式显示因无需佩戴眼镜的便捷性成为立体显示主要发展方向。裸眼式显示的原理是通过光栅或透镜将显示器显示的图像进行分光，使人眼接收到不同的图像从而实现立体效果。目前，3D显示技术主要包括：视差屏障技术、柱状透镜技术和指向光源技术。
现有的柱状透镜3D显示器包括：液晶显示面板和在液晶显示面板的显示面设置的液晶透镜，液晶透镜在电极单元的控制下形成多个凸透镜1，在凸透镜的作用下，将液晶显示面板显示的左、右眼的影像通过折射原理进行分离，进而分别对应传输到用户的左、右眼，从而使用户看到立体图像。当时现有的柱状透镜3D显示器，由于用户观看角度不同，会使得进入左、右眼的图像产生干扰（左眼影像进入了右眼、右眼影像进入了左眼），即3D立体显示器面临的串扰问题，该串扰问题严重影响了用户的观影体验，严重时会造成用户出现眩晕。
发明内容
本申请提供了一种液晶透镜及显示装置，旨在改善现有的裸眼立体显示的串扰问题。
一方面，提供了一种液晶透镜，该液晶透镜包括：第一基板和与所述第一基板相对设置的第二基板，其中所述第一基板和第二基板均为曲面基板；
第一电极单元，设置于所述第一基板上；
多个第二电极单元，设置于所述第二基板上，包括多个具有第一结构的电极单元和多个具有第二结构的电极单元，其中所述具有第一结构的电极单元设置在所述第二基板的两侧部，所述具有第二结构的电极单元设置在所述第二基板的中心位置处，所述具有第一结构的电极单元包括具有不同的宽度和排列间距的多个第二电极，所述具有第二结构的电极单元包括具有相同的宽度和排列间距的多个第二电极；以及
液晶层，设置于所述第一电极单元和第二电极单元之间，其中与多个所述第二电极单元相对应的液晶分子在所述第二电极单元与所述第一电极单元形成的控制电场的作用下形成多个透镜，所述多个透镜为部分或全部结构不同的透镜。
另一方面，还提拱了一种液晶透镜，该液晶透镜包括：第一基板和与所述第一基板相对设置的第二基板，其中所述第一基板和第二基板均为曲面基板；第一电极单元，设置于所述第一基板上；多个第二电极单元，设置于所述第二基板上；以及液晶层，设置于所述第一电极单元和第二电极单元之间，其中与多个所述第二电极单元相对应的液晶分子在所述第二电极单元与所述第一电极单元形成的控制电场的作用下形成多个透镜，所述多个透镜为部分或全部结构不同的透镜。
在本申请的液晶透镜中，多个所述第二电极单元包括具有第一结构的电极单元；所述具有第一结构的电极单元包括具有不同的宽度和排列间距的多个第二电极。
在本申请的液晶透镜中，多个所述第二电极单元还包括具有第二结构的电极单元；所述具有第二结构的电极单元包括具有相同的宽度和排列间距的多个第二电极。
在本申请的液晶透镜中，所述第一基板和第二基板的曲率可调。
在本申请的液晶透镜中，当所述第一基板和第二基板的曲率改变时，改变所述第二电极单元的施加电压形成不同的控制电场。
又一方面，还提供了一种显示装置，该显示装置包括：显示面板，所述显示面板包括多列像素单元；液晶透镜，所述液晶透镜设置在所述显示面板上，所述液晶透镜包括第一基板和与所述第一基板相对设置的第二基板，其中所述第一基板和第二基板均为曲面基板；第一电极单元，设置于所述第一基板上；多个第二电极单元，设置于所述第二基板上；以及液晶层，设置于所述第一电极单元和第二电极单元之间，其中与多个所述第二电极单元相对应的液晶分子在所述第二电极单元与所述第一电极单元形成的控制电场的作用下形成多个透镜，所述多个透镜为部分或全部结构不同的透镜。
在本申请的显示装置中，每个所述第二电极单元至少对应两个列像素单元。
在本申请的显示装置中，多个所述第二电极单元包括具有第一结构的电极单元；所述具有第一结构的电极单元包括具有不同的宽度和排列间距的多个第二电极。
在本申请的显示装置中，多个所述第二电极单元还包括具有第二结构的电极单元；所述具有第二结构的电极单元包括具有相同的宽度和排列间距的多个第二电极。
在本申请的显示装置中，所述第一基板和第二基板的曲率可调；当所述第一基板和第二基板的曲率改变时，改变所述第二电极单元的施加电压形成不同的控制电场
本申请实施例通过在曲面基板上设置多个不同第二电极单元，利用多个第二电极单元和第一电极单元形成的电压控制基板中填充的液晶分子的排列，进而形成多个不同透镜，该透镜可以降低裸眼立体显示的串扰问题。将该液晶透镜对应设置在曲面显示屏上形成显示装置，可以为用户提供更佳的立体显示效果，提高了用户的观看体验。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例技术方案，下面将对实施例描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图是本申请的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图 1是本申请实施例提供的液晶透镜的剖面结构示意图；
图 2是本申请实施例提供的在其中一个第二电极单元施加电压后形成透镜的结构示意图；
图 3是本申请实施例提供的在另一个第二电极单元施加电压后形成透镜的结构示意图；
图 4是本申请实施例提供的显示装置的剖面结构示意图；
图 5是图4中A处的放大示意图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本申请一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本申请中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本申请保护的范围。
请参阅图1，图 1是本申请实施例提供的液晶透镜的剖面结构示意图。如图1所示，液晶透镜20包括：第一基板21、第二基板22、第一电极单元23、多个第二电极单元24和液晶层25。第一基板21与第二基板22相对设置，其中，第一基板21与第二基板22均为曲面基板，且曲度可调。第一电极单元23设置于第一基板21上，该第一电极单元23为公共电极。第二电极单元24设置于第二基板22上。液晶层25填充于第一电极单元23和第二电极单元24之间，即是位于第一基板21和第二基板22之间，当第二电极单元24施加电压时与第一电极单元23形成控制电压，该控制电压控制液晶层中与第二电极单元24相对应的液晶分子的排列进而形成透镜，多个第二电极单元24就会形成多个透镜，且所述多个透镜为部分或全部结构不同的透镜，具体为通过在具有不同的结构的第二电极单元24施加电压与第一电极单元23形成控制电场控制液晶分子的排列形成的。该液晶透镜利用不同结构的透镜根据光的折射原理可以有效地将显示面板发出的左、右眼的影像进行有效地分离，从而使得用户可以看到立体显示图像。由于该液晶透镜的结构是曲面结构，如果使用类似于平面显示面板使用的具有相同结构的柱状透镜，很难将显示面板发出的左、右眼的影像分离并聚焦在某个位置，因此曲面显示器使用柱状透镜将会造成严重的串扰问题，而使用具有部分或全部结构不同的液晶透镜，则可以解决串扰问题，为用户提供更佳的立体显示效果。
进一步地，在本申请的实施例中，如图2所示，多个第二电极单元24包括具有第一结构的电极单元241，可以理解成多个第二电极单元24为具有第一结构的电极单元。具有第一结构的电极单元241包括多个第二电极2410，多个第二电极2410的宽度W不相同且彼此的排列间距S也不相同。当具有第一结构的电极单元241接收电压与第一电极单元23形成控制电压进而控制该电极单元对应的液晶分子25的排列形成透镜261，由此多个具有第一结构的电极单元241会形成多个不同结构的透镜261。需要说明的是该透镜261主要是设置在所述第二基板的两侧部；具有多个第一结构的电极单元241包括的多个第二电极2410的结构参数也不相同，即第二电极的宽度和排列间距均不相同，具体根据设置在所述第二基板的位置有关。其中，透镜的结构形成和基板的曲度有关，因此该液晶透镜用于曲面显示屏可以带来更佳的显示效果。
进一步地，在本申请的实施例中，如图3所示，多个所述第二电极单元24还包括具有第二结构的电极单元242。该具有第二结构的电极单元242包括多个第二电极2420，多个第二电极2420的宽度W相同且彼此的排列间距S也相同。当具有第二结构的电极单元242接收电压与第一电极单元23形成控制电压进而控制该电极单元对应的液晶分子25的排列形成透镜262，由此多个具有第二结构的电极单元242会形成相同结构的透镜262。需要说明的是该透镜262主要是设置在所述第二基板的中心位置，即是图1中的对称轴X两侧或者是对称轴X的中心。
需要说明的是，该液晶透镜可包括多个具有第一结构的电极单元，或者包括多个具有第一结构的电极单元和具有第二结构的电极单元的组合。具体根据实际需要而定。
进一步地，在本申请的实施例中，第一基板21和第二基板22的曲率是可以改变的，增加用户使用的自由度。当第一基板21和第二基板22的曲率改变时，计算第一基板21和第二基板22改变后的曲率，同时对多个第二电极单元24的施加电压形成不同的控制电场，该电压与所述改变后的曲率有关。因此可以根据不同显示屏的不同曲度，使用具有不同结构参数的液晶透镜来显示立体图像，由此进一步增加了立体显示效果。
上述实施例的液晶透镜通过在曲面基板上设置多个不同第二电极单元，利用多个第二电极单元和第一电极单元形成的电压控制基板中填充的液晶分子的排列，进而形成多个不同透镜，该透镜可以降低裸眼立体显示的串扰问题。将该液晶透镜对应设置在曲面显示屏上形成显示装置，可以为用户提供更佳的立体显示效果，提高了用户的观看体验。
请参阅图4，图4是本申请实施例提供的显示装置的剖面结构示意图。该显示装置包括：液晶透镜20和显示面板30，液晶透镜20设置在显示面板30的显示面侧上，其中，该显示面板30可为曲面显示面板，且包括多列像素单元，具体该多列像素单元用于显示左、右眼图像，对应称为左像素单元31和右像素单元32。该液晶透镜20为上述实施例中的液晶透镜完全相同。
该显示面板30可例如为液晶显示面板，LED显示面板、QLED显示面板、OLED显示面板或曲面显示面板等。
此外，在本申请实施例的显示装置中，每个所述第二电极单元至少对应两个列像素单元，用于显示左、右图像，还可包括多列像素单元，在此不做限定，具体根据显示效果和实际工艺而定。
具体工作过程，参见图5进行说明，图5为图的显示装置A处放大图。当第二电极单元24接收到电压时与所述第一电极单元形成控制电场，该控制电场控制第二电极单元24与所述第一电极单元之间液晶分子的排列以形成透镜，由于位于所述第二基板上不同位置的第二电极单元包括具有不同结构参数（电极的宽度和排列间距）的第二电极，使得形成的透镜也具有不同结构。该第二电极单元的结构参数与第二基板的曲度有关，且与所述第二电极单元具体的排列位置也有关系。相比于现有的平面显示屏或曲面显示屏采用的相同的结构参数的液晶透镜实现裸眼3D显示，该显示装置，利用具有不同结构参数的液晶透镜通过折射原理实现裸眼3D显示，不仅可以降低裸眼3D显示存在的串扰问题，还可以固定该显示装置最佳观影位置，从而提高了用户的观影的视觉观看享受。
以上所述，仅为本申请的具体实施方式，但本申请的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本申请揭露的技术范围内，可轻易想到各种等效的修改或替换，这些修改或替换都应涵盖在本申请的保护范围之内。因此，本申请的保护范围应以权利要求的保护范围为准。

Claims (20)

  1. 一种液晶透镜，包括：
    第一基板和与所述第一基板相对设置的第二基板，其中所述第一基板和第二基板均为曲面基板；
    第一电极单元，设置于所述第一基板上；
    多个第二电极单元，设置于所述第二基板上，包括多个具有第一结构的电极单元和多个具有第二结构的电极单元，其中所述具有第一结构的电极单元设置在所述第二基板的两侧部，所述具有第二结构的电极单元设置在所述第二基板的中心位置处，所述具有第一结构的电极单元包括具有不同的宽度和排列间距的多个第二电极，所述具有第二结构的电极单元包括具有相同的宽度和排列间距的多个第二电极；以及
    液晶层，设置于所述第一电极单元和第二电极单元之间，其中与多个所述第二电极单元相对应的液晶分子在所述第二电极单元与所述第一电极单元形成的控制电场的作用下形成多个透镜，所述多个透镜为部分或全部结构不同的透镜。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的液晶透镜，其中与所述具有第一结构的电极单元相对应的液晶分子在所述第二电极单元与所述第一电极单元形成的控制电场的作用下形成多个具有不同结构的透镜。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的液晶透镜，其中与所述具有第二结构的电极单元相对应的液晶分子在所述第二电极单元与所述第一电极单元形成的控制电场的作用下形成多个具有相同结构的透镜。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的液晶透镜，其中所述第一基板和第二基板的曲率可调。
  5. 根据权利要求3所述的液晶透镜，其中所述第一基板和第二基板的曲率可调。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的液晶透镜，其中当所述第一基板和第二基板的曲率改变时，改变所述第二电极单元的施加电压形成不同的控制电场。
  7. 一种液晶透镜，包括：
    第一基板和与所述第一基板相对设置的第二基板，其中所述第一基板和第二基板均为曲面基板；
    第一电极单元，设置于所述第一基板上；
    多个第二电极单元，设置于所述第二基板上；以及
    液晶层，设置于所述第一电极单元和第二电极单元之间，其中与多个所述第二电极单元相对应的液晶分子在所述第二电极单元与所述第一电极单元形成的控制电场的作用下形成多个透镜，所述多个透镜为部分或全部结构不同的透镜。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的液晶透镜，其中多个所述第二电极单元包括具有第一结构的电极单元，所述具有第一结构的电极单元包括具有不同的宽度和排列间距的多个第二电极。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的液晶透镜，其中多个所述第二电极单元还包括具有第二结构的电极单元，所述具有第二结构的电极单元包括具有相同的宽度和排列间距的多个第二电极。
  10. 根据权利要求8所述的液晶透镜，其中所述第一基板和第二基板的曲率可调。
  11. 根据权利要求9所述的液晶透镜，其中所述第一基板和第二基板的曲率可调。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的液晶透镜，其中当所述第一基板和第二基板的曲率改变时，改变所述第二电极单元的施加电压形成不同的控制电场。
  13. 一种显示装置，包括：
    显示面板，所述显示面板包括多列像素单元；
    液晶透镜，所述液晶透镜设置在所述显示面板上，所述液晶透镜包括第一基板和与所述第一基板相对设置的第二基板，其中所述第一基板和第二基板均为曲面基板；第一电极单元，设置于所述第一基板上；多个第二电极单元，设置于所述第二基板上；以及液晶层，设置于所述第一电极单元和第二电极单元之间，其中与多个所述第二电极单元相对应的液晶分子在所述第二电极单元与所述第一电极单元形成的控制电场的作用下形成多个透镜，所述多个透镜为部分或全部结构不同的透镜。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的显示装置，其中每个所述第二电极单元至少对应两个列像素单元。
  15. 根据权利要求13所述的显示装置，其中多个所述第二电极单元包括具有第一结构的电极单元；所述具有第一结构的电极单元包括具有不同的宽度和排列间距的多个第二电极。
  16. 根据权利要求15所述的显示装置，其中多个所述第二电极单元还包括具有第二结构的电极单元；所述具有第二结构的电极单元包括具有相同的宽度和排列间距的多个第二电极。
  17. 根据权利要求16所述的显示装置，其中所述具有第一结构的电极单元设置在所述第二基板的两侧部，所述具有第二结构的电极单元设置在所述第二基板的中心位置处。
  18. 根据权利要求15所述的显示装置，其中所述第一基板和第二基板的曲率可调。
  19. 根据权利要求16所述的显示装置，其中所述第一基板和第二基板的曲率可调。
  20. 根据权利要求19所述的显示装置，其中当所述第一基板和第二基板的曲率改变时，改变所述第二电极单元的施加电压形成不同的控制电场。
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