WO2018133220A1 - 一种潮湿细粒煤分选与干燥的耦合系统及方法 - Google Patents

一种潮湿细粒煤分选与干燥的耦合系统及方法 Download PDF

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WO2018133220A1
WO2018133220A1 PCT/CN2017/080269 CN2017080269W WO2018133220A1 WO 2018133220 A1 WO2018133220 A1 WO 2018133220A1 CN 2017080269 W CN2017080269 W CN 2017080269W WO 2018133220 A1 WO2018133220 A1 WO 2018133220A1
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valve
fluidized bed
control device
sorting
flow
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PCT/CN2017/080269
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English (en)
French (fr)
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董良
赵跃民
段晨龙
陆俊宇
张博
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中国矿业大学
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Priority to CA2996396A priority Critical patent/CA2996396C/en
Priority to JP2018521432A priority patent/JP6603409B2/ja
Priority to US15/767,538 priority patent/US10821477B2/en
Priority to AU2017317608A priority patent/AU2017317608B2/en
Publication of WO2018133220A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018133220A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
    • B07B9/00—Combinations of apparatus for screening or sifting or for separating solids from solids using gas currents; General arrangement of plant, e.g. flow sheets
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B3/00—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat
    • F26B3/02—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by convection, i.e. heat being conveyed from a heat source to the materials or objects to be dried by a gas or vapour, e.g. air
    • F26B3/06—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by convection, i.e. heat being conveyed from a heat source to the materials or objects to be dried by a gas or vapour, e.g. air the gas or vapour flowing through the materials or objects to be dried
    • F26B3/08—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by convection, i.e. heat being conveyed from a heat source to the materials or objects to be dried by a gas or vapour, e.g. air the gas or vapour flowing through the materials or objects to be dried so as to loosen them, e.g. to form a fluidised bed
    • F26B3/092—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by convection, i.e. heat being conveyed from a heat source to the materials or objects to be dried by a gas or vapour, e.g. air the gas or vapour flowing through the materials or objects to be dried so as to loosen them, e.g. to form a fluidised bed agitating the fluidised bed, e.g. by vibrating or pulsating
    • F26B3/0926—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by convection, i.e. heat being conveyed from a heat source to the materials or objects to be dried by a gas or vapour, e.g. air the gas or vapour flowing through the materials or objects to be dried so as to loosen them, e.g. to form a fluidised bed agitating the fluidised bed, e.g. by vibrating or pulsating by pneumatic means, e.g. spouted beds
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
    • B07B7/00—Selective separation of solid materials carried by, or dispersed in, gas currents
    • B07B7/12—Selective separation of solid materials carried by, or dispersed in, gas currents with pulsating air currents
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03B—SEPARATING SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS
    • B03B4/00—Separating by pneumatic tables or by pneumatic jigs
    • B03B4/005—Separating by pneumatic tables or by pneumatic jigs the currents being pulsating, e.g. pneumatic jigs; combination of continuous and pulsating currents
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
    • B07B4/00—Separating solids from solids by subjecting their mixture to gas currents
    • B07B4/08—Separating solids from solids by subjecting their mixture to gas currents while the mixtures are supported by sieves, screens, or like mechanical elements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B21/00—Arrangements or duct systems, e.g. in combination with pallet boxes, for supplying and controlling air or gases for drying solid materials or objects
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B21/00—Arrangements or duct systems, e.g. in combination with pallet boxes, for supplying and controlling air or gases for drying solid materials or objects
    • F26B21/06—Controlling, e.g. regulating, parameters of gas supply
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B25/00—Details of general application not covered by group F26B21/00 or F26B23/00
    • F26B25/22—Controlling the drying process in dependence on liquid content of solid materials or objects
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B3/00—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat
    • F26B3/02—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by convection, i.e. heat being conveyed from a heat source to the materials or objects to be dried by a gas or vapour, e.g. air
    • F26B3/06—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by convection, i.e. heat being conveyed from a heat source to the materials or objects to be dried by a gas or vapour, e.g. air the gas or vapour flowing through the materials or objects to be dried
    • F26B3/08—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by convection, i.e. heat being conveyed from a heat source to the materials or objects to be dried by a gas or vapour, e.g. air the gas or vapour flowing through the materials or objects to be dried so as to loosen them, e.g. to form a fluidised bed
    • F26B3/092—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by convection, i.e. heat being conveyed from a heat source to the materials or objects to be dried by a gas or vapour, e.g. air the gas or vapour flowing through the materials or objects to be dried so as to loosen them, e.g. to form a fluidised bed agitating the fluidised bed, e.g. by vibrating or pulsating

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a treatment system and method for moist fine coal, in particular to a coupling system and method for sorting and drying of wet fine coal.
  • Patent No.: 201410024794.5 Chinese invention patent, using the pulsating airflow to dry and sort the lignite, can play the role of dehydration and sorting of lignite; its working process is divided into drying zone and sorting zone, in the dry zone The flow rate is large, and the gas flow rate in the sorting zone is small, so the particle motion between the drying zone and the sorting zone interacts with each other, resulting in a decrease in sorting efficiency.
  • this method can not automatically switch between the drying stage and the sorting stage according to the water content of the coal particles, that is, the length of the drying time of the existing method cannot be controlled, and the moisture of the product after drying cannot be accurately controlled;
  • the sorting effect is also subject to changes in bed density during periodic opening and closing of the airflow.
  • the present invention provides a coupled system and method for separating and drying moist fine coal, which can firstly dry and then sort the lignite particles in the fluidized bed, thereby dehydrating the lignite particles. De-ashing and quality sorting is done in one process, improving work efficiency and streamlining the process.
  • the technical scheme adopted by the present invention is: a coupled system for sorting and drying of wet fine coal, including a blower, a surge tank, a moisture detecting sensor, a control device and two pipelines, a blower and a pressure regulator.
  • the tank is connected, one end of the two pipelines is connected in parallel with the surge tank, and the other end is connected with the fluidized bed.
  • One of the two pipelines is composed of a No. 1 valve, a No. 1 flow meter, an air heater and an electric butterfly valve.
  • the two tubes are arranged in series, and the other tube is arranged in series with the second valve and the second flow meter; the moisture detecting sensor is placed in the fluidized bed, and the control device is respectively connected with the blower, the first valve, the first flow meter, the air heater, No. 2 valve, No. 2 flow meter, electric butterfly valve and moisture detection sensor Pick up.
  • the air heater is of an electrically heated type.
  • a coupling method for sorting and drying of wet fine coal the specific steps of the method are:
  • the moisture detecting sensor detects the moisture content of the surface of the lignite particles in the fluidized bed in real time, and returns it to the control device;
  • the control device compares the detected moisture content with the set water content. If the set water content is exceeded, the control device controls the air heater and the blower to open, and simultaneously controls the No. 1 valve and the electric butterfly valve to open.
  • the airflow generated by the blower is regulated by the surge tank, it passes through the No. 1 valve and the No. 1 flowmeter and then is heated by the air heater into a hot air flow. After the hot air flow passes through the electric butterfly valve, a pulsed hot air flow is sent to the inside of the fluidized bed to carry out the lignite particles.
  • the drying process; the No. 1 flow meter feeds back the real-time flow value to the control device, and the control device controls the fluidization number by controlling the opening degree of the No. 1 valve through the set flow value;
  • the moisture detecting sensor detects the moisture content on the surface of the lignite particles in the fluidized bed in real time, and if the detected water content decreases to the set water content, the drying process is completed;
  • the control device controls the air heater to stop working, and controls the opening degree of the No. 1 valve to control the fluidization number of the pulsating airflow; in addition, the control device controls the No. 2 valve to open and passes through the No. 2 flowmeter.
  • the flow value detected in real time enables the control device to control the opening degree of the No. 2 valve to control the fluidization number.
  • the airflow generated by the blower is regulated by the surge tank and divided into two paths, one through the first valve, the first flow meter and the electric motor.
  • the butterfly valve generates a pulsating airflow input into the fluidized bed, and the other channel generates a continuous airflow into the fluidized bed through the No. 2 valve and the No. 2 flowmeter to perform a lignite particle sorting process;
  • the lignite particles are layered according to the density in the fluidized bed to complete the sorting and deliming process of the lignite particles; wherein the input of the continuous airflow can maintain the bed of the fluidized bed It has a certain expansion ratio; while the pulsating airflow can introduce vibration energy, reduce the bubble size in the bed, enhance the uniform stability of the bed density, strengthen the coal granules by density stratification, and realize the lignite particles through the combination of the two. Sorting the deashing process.
  • the temperature of the hot gas flow during the drying process is 90 to 200 degrees Celsius
  • the gas flow frequency is 0.5 to 8 Hz
  • the fluidization number is 1.6 to 2.2.
  • the fluidization number of the continuous gas flow during the sorting process is 0.6 to 1.0; the fluidization number of the pulsating gas flow is 0.2 to 0.6, and the frequency is 0.5 to 8 Hz.
  • temperatures of the continuous airflow and the pulsating airflow during the sorting process are both normal temperatures.
  • the set lignite particle surface has a water content of 4%.
  • the invention fully utilizes the advantage of high heat transfer efficiency of the pulsating air flow in the drying stage of the lignite particles.
  • the method is divided into two working stages: the pulsating hot air system is used to pass the pulsating hot air in the drying stage, the temperature and flow rate of the airflow are high, and the pulsating flow is fully exerted.
  • the advantage of high-efficiency heat transfer is to achieve the drying of lignite particles.
  • the combination of continuous airflow and pulsating airflow has the following advantages: (1) The forced vibration energy of the pulsating airflow can reduce the bubble size in the dense phase bubbling fluidized bed, and enhance the bed density in three-dimensional space.
  • the advantages of the present invention are: (1) in the drying process, using a pulsating air flow, in the sorting process, using a combination of a pulsating air flow and a continuous air flow; (2) the system of the present invention is The dry state or the sorting state is automatically completed by the control system. After the surface moisture of the particle is less than the set value, it enters the sorting state, which can ensure that the surface moisture of the dried coal particles meets the requirements; (3) Drying and centrifugation of the present invention The selection is completed in the same area in the fluidized bed, and the drying or sorting work state is automatically completed by the controller, and the drying and sorting processes do not interfere with each other, thereby ensuring the drying effect and ensuring the sorting efficiency.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic flow chart of the system of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a block diagram of an electrical principle of the present invention.
  • a coupled system for sorting and drying of wet fine coal including a blower, a surge tank, a moisture detecting sensor, a control device and two pipelines
  • the blower is connected to the surge tank
  • two One end of the parallel pipeline is connected with the surge tank, and the other end is connected with the fluidized bed.
  • One of the two pipelines is composed of a first valve, a first flow meter, an air heater and an electric butterfly valve in series.
  • Another pipe routing consists of a second valve and a second flow meter in series;
  • the moisture detecting sensor is placed in the fluidized bed, and the control device is respectively connected with the air blower, the first valve, the first flow meter, the air heater, the second valve, the second flow meter, the electric butterfly valve and the moisture detecting sensor.
  • the air heater is of an electrically heated type.
  • a coupling method for sorting and drying of wet fine coal the specific steps of the method are:
  • the moisture detecting sensor detects the moisture content of the surface of the lignite particles in the fluidized bed in real time, and returns it to the control device;
  • the control device compares the detected moisture content with the set water content. If the set water content is exceeded, the control device controls the air heater and the blower to open, and simultaneously controls the No. 1 valve and the electric butterfly valve to open.
  • the airflow generated by the blower is regulated by the surge tank, it passes through the No. 1 valve and the No. 1 flowmeter and then is heated by the air heater into a hot air flow. After the hot air flow passes through the electric butterfly valve, a pulsed hot air flow is sent to the inside of the fluidized bed to carry out the lignite particles.
  • the drying process; the No. 1 flow meter feeds back the real-time flow value to the control device, and the control device controls the fluidization number by controlling the opening degree of the No. 1 valve through the set flow value;
  • the moisture detecting sensor detects the moisture content on the surface of the lignite particles in the fluidized bed in real time, and if the detected water content decreases to the set water content, the drying process is completed;
  • the control device controls the air heater to stop working, and controls the opening degree of the No. 1 valve to control the fluidization number of the pulsating airflow; in addition, the control device controls the No. 2 valve to open and passes through the No. 2 flowmeter.
  • the flow value detected in real time enables the control device to control the opening degree of the No. 2 valve to control the fluidization number.
  • the airflow generated by the blower is regulated by the surge tank and divided into two paths, one through the first valve, the first flow meter and the electric motor.
  • the butterfly valve generates a pulsating airflow input into the fluidized bed, and the other channel generates a continuous airflow into the fluidized bed through the No. 2 valve and the No. 2 flowmeter to perform a lignite particle sorting process;
  • the lignite particles are layered according to the density in the fluidized bed to complete the sorting and deliming process of the lignite particles; wherein the input of the continuous airflow can maintain the bed of the fluidized bed It has a certain expansion ratio; while the pulsating airflow can introduce vibration energy, reduce the bubble size in the bed, enhance the uniform stability of the bed density, strengthen the coal granules by density stratification, and realize the lignite particles through the combination of the two. Sorting the deashing process.
  • the temperature of the hot gas flow during the drying process is 90 to 200 degrees Celsius
  • the gas flow frequency is 0.5 to 8 Hz
  • the fluidization number is 1.6 to 2.2.
  • the fluidization number of the continuous gas flow during the sorting process is 0.6 to 1.0; the fluidization number of the pulsating gas flow is 0.2 to 0.6, and the frequency is 0.5 to 8 Hz.
  • temperatures of the continuous airflow and the pulsating airflow during the sorting process are both normal temperatures.
  • the set lignite particle surface has a water content of 4%.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Microbiology (AREA)
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Abstract

一种潮湿细煤粒分选与干燥的耦合系统及方法，包括鼓风机、稳压罐、水分检测传感器、控制装置和两条管路。鼓风机与稳压罐连通。两条管路并联后的一端与稳压罐连通、另一端与流化床连通。两条管路的其中一条由一号阀门、一号流量计、空气加热器和电动蝶阀依次串联组成，另一条管路由二号阀门和二号流量计串联组成；水分检测传感器置于流化床内，控制装置分别与鼓风机、一号阀门、一号流量计、空气加热器、二号阀门、二号流量计和水分检测传感器连接。处于流化床内的褐煤颗粒先干燥后分选，使褐煤颗粒脱水与脱灰提质分选在一个工艺流程中完成，提高工作效率并简化工艺流程。

Description

一种潮湿细粒煤分选与干燥的耦合系统及方法 技术领域
本发明涉及一种潮湿细粒煤的处理系统及方法，具体是一种潮湿细粒煤分选与干燥的耦合系统及方法。
背景技术
我国煤炭资源储量丰富，但其开采和加工利用程度低。其中褐煤具有高水分和高灰分的特点决定了对褐煤使用前必须经过脱水和脱灰的过程进行提质；褐煤遇水易泥化的特点决定了传统的湿法选煤技术不适用于褐煤的脱灰过程。现有的褐煤脱水提质技术只能实现褐煤部分水分的脱除，并不能起到煤炭的分选作用。专利号为：201410024794.5的中国发明专利，采用脉动气流对褐煤进行干燥及分选的过程，能起到对褐煤脱水及分选的作用；其工作过程分为干燥区和分选区，在干燥区气流量大，分选区气流量小，因此干燥区和分选区之间的颗粒运动相互影响，导致分选效率降低。另外这种方式不能根据煤炭颗粒含水情况自动切换干燥阶段和分选阶段，即现有的方式其干燥时间的长短无法控制，导致干燥后的产品水分无法精确控制；而且在分选阶段由于均为脉动气流，其分选效果也会受到在气流周期性的打开和关闭过程中床层密度的变化。
发明内容
针对上述现有技术存在的问题，本发明提供一种潮湿细粒煤分选与干燥的耦合系统及方法，能对处于流化床内的褐煤颗粒先干燥后分选，从而使褐煤颗粒脱水与脱灰提质分选在一个工艺流程中完成，提高工作效率，同时简化工艺流程。
为了实现上述目的，本发明采用的技术方案是：该种潮湿细粒煤分选与干燥的耦合系统，包括鼓风机、稳压罐、水分检测传感器、控制装置和两条管路，鼓风机与稳压罐连通，两条管路并联后的一端与稳压罐连通、另一端与流化床连通，所述两条管路的其中一条由一号阀门、一号流量计、空气加热器和电动蝶阀依次串联组成，另一条管路由二号阀门和二号流量计串联组成；所述水分检测传感器置于流化床内，控制装置分别与鼓风机、一号阀门、一号流量计、空气加热器、二号阀门、二号流量计、电动蝶阀和水分检测传感器连 接。
进一步，所述空气加热器为电加热式。
一种潮湿细粒煤分选与干燥的耦合方法，该方法的具体步骤为：
(1)将开采后的褐煤颗粒放入流化床内，水分检测传感器实时检测流化床内褐煤颗粒表面的含水率，并回传给控制装置；
(2)控制装置将检测的含水率与设定的含水率进行比对，若超过设定的含水率，则控制装置控制空气加热器和鼓风机开启，同时控制一号阀门和电动蝶阀打开，此时鼓风机产生的气流经稳压罐稳压后通过一号阀门、一号流量计后由空气加热器升温成热气流，热气流经电动蝶阀后产生脉冲热气流输送到流化床内部进行褐煤颗粒干燥过程；一号流量计将实时的流量值反馈给控制装置，控制装置通过设定的流量值通过控制一号阀门的开度对流化数进行控制；
(3)干燥过程中，水分检测传感器实时检测流化床内褐煤颗粒表面的含水率，若检测的含水率降低到设定的含水率时，完成干燥过程；
(4)分选脱灰过程时，控制装置控制空气加热器停止工作，同时控制一号阀门的开度控制脉动气流的流化数；另外控制装置控制二号阀门打开，并通过二号流量计实时检测的流量值，使控制装置控制二号阀门的开度控制流化数，此时鼓风机产生的气流经稳压罐稳压后分成两路，一路经一号阀门、一号流量计和电动蝶阀产生脉动气流输入流化床内，另一路经二号阀门和二号流量计产生持续气流进入流化床内，进行褐煤颗粒分选过程；
(5)通过脉动气流和持续气流的共同作用，使得褐煤颗粒在流化床中按密度进行分层，完成褐煤颗粒的分选脱灰过程；其中持续气流的输入可保持流化床的床层具有一定的膨胀率；而脉动气流可引入振动能量，减小床层中的气泡尺寸，增强床层密度的均匀稳定性，强化煤炭颗粒按密度分层分选，通过两者结合实现褐煤颗粒的分选脱灰过程。
进一步，所述干燥过程中热气流的温度为90～200摄氏度，气流频率为0.5～8赫兹，流化数为1.6～2.2。
进一步，所述分选过程中持续气流的流化数0.6～1.0；脉动气流的流化数为0.2～0.6，频率为0.5～8Hz。
进一步，所述分选过程中持续气流和脉动气流的温度均为常温。
进一步，所述设定的褐煤颗粒表面的含水率为4％。
本发明在褐煤颗粒干燥阶段充分利用了脉动气流传热效率高的优点。根据褐煤颗粒脱水和分选时对流化气速和温度要求不同，所述方法分为两个工作阶段：干燥阶段使用脉动热风系统通入脉动热空气，气流温度、流速高，充分发挥了脉动流态化高效传热的优势，实现褐煤颗粒的干燥。采用持续气流和脉动气流结合的方式进行分选，其优点主要有：(1)脉动气流的强制振动能量能够减小浓相鼓泡流化床中的气泡尺寸，增强床层密度在三维空间的均匀稳定性，强化褐煤颗粒按密度进行分层的过程；(2)在脉动气流的基础上，引入一股持续气流，且持续气流量的变化范围为0.6～1.0，该持续气流能够保证在脉动气流关闭的时间段内，流化床中褐煤颗粒层具有一定的膨胀率，从而减小在气流周期性的打开和关闭过程中床层密度的变化，进一步强化颗粒按密度分层。另根据入料褐煤水分的不同，自动切换工作模式，调节气流流量、温度和脉动频率，达到最优的干燥和分选效果。最终实现高灰高水褐煤脱水分选一体化，简化工艺流程。
与现有技术相比，本发明的优点在于：(1)在干燥过程中，采用脉动气流，在分选过程中，采用脉动气流和持续气流相结合的方式；(2)本发明的系统处于干燥状态或分选状态，靠控制系统自动完成，在颗粒表面水分小于设定值后，才进入分选状态，能够保证干燥后的煤炭颗粒表面水分达到要求；(3)本发明的干燥与分选是在流化床中的同一个区域内完成，处于干燥或分选工作状态依靠控制器自动完成，并且干燥与分选过程互不干扰，既能保证干燥效果，又能保证分选效率。
附图说明
图1是本发明中系统的流程示意图；
图2是本发明的电原理框图。
具体实施方式
下面将对本发明作进一步说明。
如图1和图2所示，一种潮湿细粒煤分选与干燥的耦合系统，包括鼓风机、稳压罐、水分检测传感器、控制装置和两条管路，鼓风机与稳压罐连通，两条管路并联后的一端与稳压罐连通、另一端与流化床连通，所述两条管路的其中一条由一号阀门、一号流量计、空气加热器和电动蝶阀依次串联组成，另一条管路由二号阀门和二号流量计串联组成；所 述水分检测传感器置于流化床内，控制装置分别与鼓风机、一号阀门、一号流量计、空气加热器、二号阀门、二号流量计、电动蝶阀和水分检测传感器连接。
进一步，所述空气加热器为电加热式。
一种潮湿细粒煤分选与干燥的耦合方法，该方法的具体步骤为：
(1)将开采后的褐煤颗粒放入流化床内，水分检测传感器实时检测流化床内褐煤颗粒表面的含水率，并回传给控制装置；
(2)控制装置将检测的含水率与设定的含水率进行比对，若超过设定的含水率，则控制装置控制空气加热器和鼓风机开启，同时控制一号阀门和电动蝶阀打开，此时鼓风机产生的气流经稳压罐稳压后通过一号阀门、一号流量计后由空气加热器升温成热气流，热气流经电动蝶阀后产生脉冲热气流输送到流化床内部进行褐煤颗粒干燥过程；一号流量计将实时的流量值反馈给控制装置，控制装置通过设定的流量值通过控制一号阀门的开度对流化数进行控制；
(3)干燥过程中，水分检测传感器实时检测流化床内褐煤颗粒表面的含水率，若检测的含水率降低到设定的含水率时，完成干燥过程；
(4)分选脱灰过程时，控制装置控制空气加热器停止工作，同时控制一号阀门的开度控制脉动气流的流化数；另外控制装置控制二号阀门打开，并通过二号流量计实时检测的流量值，使控制装置控制二号阀门的开度控制流化数，此时鼓风机产生的气流经稳压罐稳压后分成两路，一路经一号阀门、一号流量计和电动蝶阀产生脉动气流输入流化床内，另一路经二号阀门和二号流量计产生持续气流进入流化床内，进行褐煤颗粒分选过程；
(5)通过脉动气流和持续气流的共同作用，使得褐煤颗粒在流化床中按密度进行分层，完成褐煤颗粒的分选脱灰过程；其中持续气流的输入可保持流化床的床层具有一定的膨胀率；而脉动气流可引入振动能量，减小床层中的气泡尺寸，增强床层密度的均匀稳定性，强化煤炭颗粒按密度分层分选，通过两者结合实现褐煤颗粒的分选脱灰过程。
进一步，所述干燥过程中热气流的温度为90～200摄氏度，气流频率为0.5～8赫兹，流化数为1.6～2.2。
进一步，所述分选过程中持续气流的流化数0.6～1.0；脉动气流的流化数为0.2～0.6，频率为0.5～8Hz。
进一步，所述分选过程中持续气流和脉动气流的温度均为常温。
进一步，所述设定的褐煤颗粒表面的含水率为4％。

Claims (7)

  1. 一种潮湿细粒煤分选与干燥的耦合系统，其特征在于，包括鼓风机、稳压罐、水分检测传感器、控制装置和两条管路，鼓风机与稳压罐连通，两条管路并联后的一端与稳压罐连通、另一端与流化床连通，所述两条管路的其中一条由一号阀门、一号流量计、空气加热器和电动蝶阀依次串联组成，另一条管路由二号阀门和二号流量计串联组成；所述水分检测传感器置于流化床内，控制装置分别与鼓风机、一号阀门、一号流量计、空气加热器、二号阀门、二号流量计、电动蝶阀和水分检测传感器连接。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种潮湿细粒煤分选与干燥的耦合系统，其特征在于，所述空气加热器为电加热式。
  3. 一种潮湿细粒煤分选与干燥的耦合方法，其特征在于，该方法的具体步骤为：
    (1)将开采后的褐煤颗粒放入流化床内，水分检测传感器实时检测流化床内褐煤颗粒表面的含水率，并回传给控制装置；
    (2)控制装置将检测的含水率与设定的含水率进行比对，若超过设定的含水率，则控制装置控制空气加热器和鼓风机开启，同时控制一号阀门和电动蝶阀打开，此时鼓风机产生的气流经稳压罐稳压后通过一号阀门、一号流量计后由空气加热器升温成热气流，热气流经电动蝶阀后产生脉冲热气流输送到流化床内部进行褐煤颗粒干燥过程；一号流量计将实时的流量值反馈给控制装置，控制装置通过设定的流量值通过控制一号阀门的开度对流化数进行控制；
    (3)干燥过程中，水分检测传感器实时检测流化床内褐煤颗粒表面的含水率，若检测的含水率降低到设定的含水率时，完成干燥过程；
    (4)分选脱灰过程时，控制装置控制空气加热器停止工作，同时控制一号阀门的开度控制脉动气流的流化数；另外控制装置控制二号阀门打开，并通过二号流量计实时检测的流量值，使控制装置控制二号阀门的开度控制流化数，此时鼓风机产生的气流经稳压罐稳压后分成两路，一路经一号阀门、一号流量计和电动蝶阀产生脉动气流输入流化床内，另一路经二号阀门和二号流量计产生持续气流进入流化床内，进行褐煤颗粒分选过程；
    (5)通过脉动气流和持续气流的共同作用，使得褐煤颗粒在流化床中按密度进行分层，完成褐煤颗粒的分选脱灰过程。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的一种潮湿细粒煤分选与干燥的耦合方法，其特征在于，所述干燥过程中热气流的温度为90～200摄氏度，气流频率为0.5～8赫兹，流化数为1.6～2.2。
  5. 根据权利要求3所述的一种潮湿细粒煤分选与干燥的耦合方法，其特征在于，所述分选过程中持续气流的流化数0.6～1.0；脉动气流的流化数为0.2～0.6，频率为0.5～8Hz。
  6. 根据权利要求3所述的一种潮湿细粒煤分选与干燥的耦合方法，其特征在于，所述分选过程中持续气流和脉动气流的温度均为常温。
  7. 根据权利要求3所述的一种潮湿细粒煤分选与干燥的耦合方法，其特征在于，所述设定的褐煤颗粒表面的含水率为4％。
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