WO2018129649A1 - 天线组件及电子装置 - Google Patents

天线组件及电子装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018129649A1
WO2018129649A1 PCT/CN2017/070725 CN2017070725W WO2018129649A1 WO 2018129649 A1 WO2018129649 A1 WO 2018129649A1 CN 2017070725 W CN2017070725 W CN 2017070725W WO 2018129649 A1 WO2018129649 A1 WO 2018129649A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
antenna assembly
metal
metal frame
electronic device
radiating
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2017/070725
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
李栋
Original Assignee
深圳市大疆创新科技有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Application filed by 深圳市大疆创新科技有限公司 filed Critical 深圳市大疆创新科技有限公司
Priority to CN201780000096.3A priority Critical patent/CN107078374B/zh
Priority to PCT/CN2017/070725 priority patent/WO2018129649A1/zh
Publication of WO2018129649A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018129649A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/27—Adaptation for use in or on movable bodies
    • H01Q1/28—Adaptation for use in or on aircraft, missiles, satellites, or balloons
    • H01Q1/285—Aircraft wire antennas
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/52—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of antenna technologies, and in particular, to an antenna assembly and an electronic device.
  • the circularly polarized antennas on mobile phones of the related art mostly use ceramic patch antennas, which are large in size and heavy in weight, which is not conducive to integrated design.
  • Embodiments of the present invention aim to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, embodiments of the present invention are required to provide an antenna assembly and an electronic device.
  • An antenna assembly of an unmanned aerial vehicle includes a metal frame, a radiation unit, a feed terminal, and a metal piece.
  • the radiating element is disposed within the metal frame.
  • the feed terminal is coupled to the radiating element and is configured to transmit an electrical signal.
  • the metal sheet is coupled to the radiating element to induce a circularly polarized electric field.
  • the radiating element and the metal piece are respectively located on opposite sides of the metal frame.
  • the antenna assembly further includes a mounting piece, the mounting piece includes opposite first and second faces, the radiating unit is disposed on the first surface, and the metal frame is opened The antenna slot is fixedly mounted in the antenna slot.
  • the antenna assembly includes a feed line that is coupled to the feed terminal through the second face.
  • the radiating element is made of metal.
  • the number of the feeding terminals is two, the number of the radiating units is two, the two radiating units are spaced apart and coupled to each other, and the two feeding terminals are oppositely disposed at The two radiating elements are spaced apart from each other.
  • the two radiating elements are symmetrical about a midpoint center of a line connecting the two feed terminals.
  • the radiating element is in the form of a rectangular sheet.
  • the radiating elements have a length of 10 mm and a width of 1.5 mm.
  • the antenna assembly includes a feed line, the feed line is a coaxial cable, the coaxial cable includes an inner conductor and an outer conductor, and the inner conductor and the outer conductor respectively have two of the feeds Electrical terminals are connected.
  • the radiating element is coupled to the feed terminal to form a T-shape.
  • the metal sheet comprises a rectangular metal sheet.
  • the material of the metal sheet comprises copper.
  • the radiating element is less than 2 mm from the side of the metal frame.
  • the metal sheet is in contact with the metal frame.
  • the distance between the long side of the metal sheet and the metal frame is 1 mm to 2 mm.
  • An electronic device includes a housing and the antenna assembly according to any of the above embodiments, wherein the antenna assembly is disposed on the housing.
  • the housing includes a bottom plate and the metal frame extending from the bottom plate, the metal sheet being disposed on the bottom plate.
  • the metal frame is perpendicular to the bottom plate.
  • the antenna assembly and the electronic device of the embodiments of the present invention avoid the use of the ceramic patch, and instead, the structure and the positional relationship of the metal frame, the mounting piece, the radiating element, the feeding terminal, the feeding line and the metal piece are rationally designed, and the metal piece is in the radiation unit.
  • the induced current generated by the action acts on the radiating element to form a circularly polarized electric field, which realizes receiving and transmitting a circularly polarized signal, and improves the right circular circular polarization gain.
  • the embodiment of the present invention The antenna assembly is smaller in size, smaller in size, lighter in weight, and more advantageous for integrated design. When applied to an electronic device, the portability of the electronic device can be improved.
  • FIG. 1 is a partial schematic structural view of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of an antenna assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 5 is a elevational radiation pattern of the antenna assembly of the embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 7 is a plan view of the elevation surface radiation of the antenna assembly without metal sheets.
  • Electronic device 100 antenna assembly 10, metal frame 12, antenna slot 122, mounting piece 13, first face 132, second face 134, radiating element 14, feed terminal 16, feed line 17, inner conductor 172, outer conductor 174, Metal sheet 18, housing 20, the bottom plate 22.
  • first and second are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated.
  • features defining “first” or “second” may include one or more of the described features either explicitly or implicitly.
  • the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more unless specifically and specifically defined otherwise.
  • connection In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms “installation”, “connected”, and “connected” are to be understood broadly, and may be fixed or detachable, for example, unless otherwise explicitly defined and defined. Connected, or integrally connected; may be mechanically connected, or may be electrically connected or may communicate with each other; may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, may be internal communication of two elements or interaction of two elements relationship. For those skilled in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood on a case-by-case basis.
  • the electronic device 100 of the embodiment of the present invention can be applied to, but not limited to, a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a navigator, a smart watch, and a sports bracelet.
  • the electronic device 100 includes an antenna assembly 10 and a housing 20.
  • the antenna assembly 10 of the embodiment of the present invention is configured to transmit or receive electromagnetic waves to realize communication with a Global Positioning System (GPS) satellite.
  • the antenna assembly 10 includes a metal frame 12, a mounting piece 13, a radiating element 14, a feed terminal 16, a feed line 17, and a metal sheet 18.
  • the metal frame 12 can be a side frame of the electronic device 100.
  • the metal frame 12 is provided with an antenna slot 122.
  • the size of the antenna slot 122 is the same as the size of the mounting piece 13.
  • the size of the antenna slot 122 can be slightly larger than the mounting piece 13, and the mounting piece 13 is fixedly mounted in the antenna slot 122.
  • the mounting tab 13 includes opposing first and second faces 132, 134.
  • the first face 132 of the mounting tab 13 is used to mount the radiating element 14 and the feed terminal 16
  • the second face 134 of the mounting tab 13 is used with the metal frame 12
  • the antenna slot 122 is fixed.
  • the mounting piece 13 is made of an insulating material, for example, polycarbonate (PC) or acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS).
  • the radiating unit 14 is disposed in the metal frame 12, the radiating unit 14 is disposed on the first face 132 of the mounting piece 13, and the radiating unit 14 is formed on the mounting piece 13 by printing.
  • the radiating unit 14 and the metal piece 18 are respectively located on opposite sides of the metal frame 12.
  • the distance between the radiating element 14 and the side of the metal frame 12 is less than 2 mm, in other words, the farthest distance from any point on the radiating element 14 to one side of the metal frame 12 closest to the radiating element 14 is less than 2 mm.
  • the radiation unit 14 is made of metal.
  • the radiating unit 14 has a rectangular sheet shape, and the radiating unit 14 has a length of 10 mm and a width of 1.5 mm.
  • the radiating element 14 is not limited to a rectangle, but may also be a curved arc or a fan shape. In practical applications, the radiating element 14 may be designed to have a suitable shape.
  • Feed terminal 16 is coupled to radiating element 14 and is used to transmit electrical signals.
  • the number of feed terminals 16 is two
  • the number of radiating elements 14 is two
  • each feed terminal 16 corresponds to one radiating element 14, each feed terminal 16 extending from a corresponding radiating element 14.
  • the antenna assembly 10 includes two "T" shapes composed of the radiating unit 14 and the feed terminal 16.
  • the two radiating elements 14 are spaced apart and coupled to each other, and the two feeding terminals 16 are disposed opposite each other between the two radiating elements 14 and spaced apart from each other.
  • the two radiating elements 14 are symmetrical about the center of the midpoint of the line connecting the two feed terminals 16.
  • the number of the feeding terminals 16 may also be one.
  • the number of the radiating units 14 is also one.
  • the antenna assembly 10 includes one of the radiating unit 14 and the feeding terminal 16. T" shape.
  • the feed terminal 16 can be obliquely connected to the radiating unit 14.
  • the shape formed by the connection of the feed terminal 16 and the radiating unit 14 can be designed according to actual requirements, which is not limited herein.
  • the feed line 17 is received within the housing 20 and passes through the second face 134 to the feed terminal 16 of the first face 132 for connection to the feed terminal 16.
  • the feeder 17 is a coaxial cable including an inner conductor 172 and an outer conductor 174.
  • the inner conductor 172 and the outer conductor 174 are respectively connected to the two feeding terminals 16, and the two feeding terminals 16 are welded to the coaxial cable to realize the phase difference. 180 degree balanced feed.
  • the distance between the long side of the metal piece 18 and the metal frame 12 may be 1 mm, 1.2 mm, 1.3 mm, 1.6 mm, 1.7 mm, 2mm.
  • the metal sheet 18 may be made of copper, stainless steel, aluminum or a gold plated plastic. In the embodiment of the invention, the metal piece 18 It is a copper piece.
  • the material of the metal sheet 18 is not limited to the above types. In practical applications, a suitable material can be selected according to actual needs to obtain superior performance.
  • FIG. 6 is a horizontal plane radiation pattern of the antenna assembly without the metal piece 18 . It can be seen that there is little difference between the right circular polarization and the left circular polarization gain.
  • the horizontal plane radiation pattern of the antenna assembly 10 after the metal sheet 18 is added it can be seen that the right-handed circular polarization gain is more than 7 dB larger than the left-hand circular polarization gain near 125 degrees.
  • FIG. 7 is a radiation pattern of the elevation surface of the antenna assembly when no metal piece 18 is added. It can be seen that there is little difference between the right circular polarization and the left circular polarization gain.
  • the radiation pattern of the elevation surface of the antenna assembly 10 after the metal sheet 18 is added it can be seen that the right-hand circular polarization gain is more than 15 dB greater than the left-hand circular polarization gain near 125 degrees.
  • the antenna assembly 10 when the metal piece 18 is applied, the antenna assembly 10 is circularly polarized, and when the metal piece 18 is not applied, the antenna assembly is linearly polarized.
  • the antenna assembly 10 and the electronic device 100 of the embodiment of the present invention by reasonably designing the structure and positional relationship of the metal frame 12, the mounting piece 13, the radiating element 14, the feeding terminal 16, the feeding line 17, and the metal piece 18, the metal piece 18
  • the induced current generated by the radiating element 14 reacts to the radiating element 14 to form a circularly polarized electric field, which realizes receiving and transmitting a circularly polarized signal, and improves the right-handed circular polarization gain of the antenna assembly 10.
  • the antenna assembly 10 of the embodiment of the present invention has smaller volume, smaller size, lighter weight, and is more advantageous for integrated design than the conventional ceramic patch antenna.
  • the electronic device When applied to the electronic device 100, the electronic device can be improved. The portability of the device 100.
  • the antenna assembly 10 of the embodiment of the present invention has a simple structure, is easy to install, is easy to manufacture, and can be conveniently mounted to the electronic device 100.
  • the metal sheet 18 is in contact with the metal frame 12.
  • first and second are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated.
  • features defining “first” or “second” may include at least one of the features, either explicitly or implicitly.
  • a plurality means at least two, for example two, three, unless specifically defined otherwise.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Astronomy & Astrophysics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Support Of Aerials (AREA)
  • Waveguide Aerials (AREA)
  • Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开一种天线组件(10)及电子装置(100)，天线组件(10)包括金属框(12)、辐射单元(14)、馈电端子(16)及金属片(18)。辐射单元(14)设置在金属框(12)内。馈电端子(16)与辐射单元(14)连接并用于传输电信号。金属片(18)与辐射单元(14)耦合以感应出圆极化电场。上述天线组件(10)及电子装置(100)，通过合理设计金属框(12)、安装片(13)、辐射单元(14)、馈电端子(16)、馈线及金属片(18)的结构及位置关系，金属片(18)在辐射单元(14)的作用下产生的感应电流反作用于辐射单元(14)，形成圆极化电场，实现接收和发射圆极化信号，提高右旋圆极化增益，相比于传统的陶瓷贴片天线，本发明实施方式的天线组件(10)体积、尺寸更小，质量更轻，更有利于集成化设计，应用于电子装置(100)上时，可提高电子装置(100)的便携性。

Description

天线组件及电子装置 技术领域
本发明涉及天线技术领域，特别涉及一种天线组件及电子装置。
背景技术
相关技术的手机上的圆极化天线大多采用陶瓷贴片天线，尺寸大，重量重，不利于集成化设计。
发明内容
本发明的实施方式旨在至少解决现有技术中存在的技术问题之一。为此，本发明的实施方式需要提供一种天线组件及电子装置。
本发明实施方式的无人飞行器的天线组件，包括金属框、辐射单元、馈电端子及金属片。所述辐射单元设置在所述金属框内。所述馈电端子与所述辐射单元连接并用于传输电信号。所述金属片与所述辐射单元耦合以感应出圆极化电场。
在某些实施方式中，所述辐射单元与所述金属片分别位于所述金属框的相背两侧。
在某些实施方式中，所述天线组件还包括安装片，所述安装片包括相背的第一面与第二面，所述辐射单元设置在所述第一面，所述金属框开设有天线槽，所述安装片固定安装在所述天线槽内。
在某些实施方式中，所述天线组件包括馈线，所述馈线穿过所述第二面与所述馈电端子连接。
在某些实施方式中，所述辐射单元采用金属制成。
在某些实施方式中，所述馈电端子的数量为两个，所述辐射单元的数量为两个，所述两个辐射单元间隔设置并相互耦合，两个所述馈电端子相对设置在两个所述辐射单元之间并彼此间隔。
在某些实施方式中，两个所述辐射单元关于两个所述馈电端子的连线的中点中心对称。
在某些实施方式中，所述辐射单元呈矩形片状。
在某些实施方式中，所述辐射单元的长度为10mm，宽度均为1.5mm。
在某些实施方式中，所述天线组件包括馈线，所述馈线为同轴电缆，所述同轴电缆包括内导体和外导体，所述内导体与所述外导体分别与两个所述馈电端子连接。
在某些实施方式中，所述辐射单元与所述馈电端子连接形成T形。
在某些实施方式中，所述金属片包括矩形金属片。
在某些实施方式中，所述金属片的材料包括铜。
在某些实施方式中，所述辐射单元与所述金属框的侧边距离小于2mm。
在某些实施方式中，所述金属片与所述金属框接触。
在某些实施方式中，所述金属片的长边与所述金属框之间的距离为1mm～2mm。
本发明实施方式的电子装置，包括壳体及上述任一实施方式所述的天线组件，所述天线组件设置在所述壳体上。
在某些实施方式中，所述壳体包括底板及自所述底板延伸的所述金属框，所述金属片设置在所述底板上。
在某些实施方式中，所述金属框与所述底板垂直。
本发明实施方式的天线组件及电子装置避免采用陶瓷贴片，取而代之的是通过合理设计金属框、安装片、辐射单元、馈电端子、馈线及金属片的结构及位置关系，金属片在辐射单元的作用下产生的感应电流反作用于辐射单元，形成圆极化电场，实现接收和发射圆极化信号，提高右旋圆极化增益，相比于传统的陶瓷贴片天线，本发明实施方式的天线组件体积、尺寸更小，质量更轻，更有利于集成化设计，应用于电子装置上时，可提高电子装置的便携性。
本发明的实施方式的附加方面和优点将在下面的描述中部分给出，部分将从下面的描述中变得明显，或通过本发明的实施方式的实践了解到。
附图说明
本发明的上述和/或附加的方面和优点从结合下面附图对实施方式的描述中将变得明显和容易理解，其中：
图1是本发明实施方式的电子装置的部分结构示意图。
图2是本发明实施方式的天线组件的结构示意图。
图3是图2中III处的放大示意图。
图4是本发明实施方式的天线组件的水平面辐射方向图。
图5是本发明实施方式的天线组件的的俯仰面辐射方向图。
图6是未加金属片时天线组件的水平面辐射方向图。
图7是未加金属片时天线组件的俯仰面辐射方向图。
主要元件符号说明：
电子装置100，天线组件10，金属框12，天线槽122，安装片13，第一面132，第二面134，辐射单元14，馈电端子16，馈线17，内导体172，外导体174，金属片18，壳体 20，底板22。
具体实施方式
下面详细描述本发明的实施方式，所述实施方式的示例在附图中示出，其中自始至终相同或类似的标号表示相同或类似的元件或具有相同或类似功能的元件。下面通过参考附图描述的实施方式是示例性的，仅用于解释本发明，而不能理解为对本发明的限制。
在本发明的描述中，需要理解的是，术语“第一”、“第二”仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量。由此，限定有“第一”、“第二”的特征可以明示或者隐含地包括一个或者更多个所述特征。在本发明的描述中，“多个”的含义是两个或两个以上，除非另有明确具体的限定。
在本发明的描述中，需要说明的是，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或一体地连接；可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接或可以相互通信；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通或两个元件的相互作用关系。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以根据具体情况理解上述术语在本发明中的具体含义。
下文的公开提供了许多不同的实施方式或例子用来实现本发明的不同结构。为了简化本发明的公开，下文中对特定例子的部件和设置进行描述。当然，它们仅仅为示例，并且目的不在于限制本发明。此外，本发明可以在不同例子中重复参考数字和/或参考字母，这种重复是为了简化和清楚的目的，其本身不指示所讨论各种实施方式和/或设置之间的关系。此外，本发明提供了的各种特定的工艺和材料的例子，但是本领域普通技术人员可以意识到其他工艺的应用和/或其他材料的使用。
请参阅图1、图2及图3，本发明实施方式的电子装置100，可应用于但不限于手机、平板电脑、导航仪、智能手表、运动手环。电子装置100包括天线组件10及壳体20。
本发明实施方式的的天线组件10，用于发射或接收电磁波，实现与全球定位系统(GPS)卫星通信。天线组件10包括金属框12、安装片13、辐射单元14、馈电端子16、馈线17及金属片18。
金属框12可以是电子装置100的侧边框，金属框12开设有天线槽122，天线槽122的大小与安装片13的大小一致；或者，天线槽122的大小可略大于安装片13，安装片13固定安装在天线槽122内。
安装片13包括相背的第一面132与第二面134。在一个例子中，安装片13的第一面132用于安装辐射单元14及馈电端子16，安装片13的第二面134用于与金属框12 的天线槽122固定。本发明实施方式中，安装片13采用绝缘材质制成，例如：可采用聚碳酸酯(PC)或者丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯共聚物(ABS)制成。
辐射单元14设置在金属框12内，辐射单元14设置在安装片13的第一面132上，辐射单元14通过印刷的方式形成在安装片13上。辐射单元14与金属片18分别位于金属框12的相背两侧。辐射单元14与金属框12的侧边距离小于2mm，换句话说，辐射单元14上的任意一点到与该辐射单元14距离最近的金属框12的一条侧边的最远距离小于2mm。辐射单元14采用金属制成。本发明实施方式中，辐射单元14呈矩形片状，辐射单元14的长度为10mm，宽度为1.5mm。当然，在其它实施方式中，辐射单元14不限于矩形，也可以是弯曲的弧形或者扇形，在实际应用中，可设计辐射单元14为合适的形状。
馈电端子16与辐射单元14连接并用于传输电信号。在一个例子中，馈电端子16的数量为两个，辐射单元14的数量为两个，每个馈电端子16对应一个辐射单元14，每个馈电端子16自对应的辐射单元14上延伸以形成“T”形，此时，天线组件10包括由辐射单元14及馈电端子16组成的两个“T”形。两个辐射单元14间隔设置并相互耦合，两个馈电端子16相对设置在两个辐射单元14之间并彼此间隔。两个辐射单元14关于两个馈电端子16的连线的中点中心对称。当然，在其它例子中，馈电端子16的数量也可以为一个，对应地，辐射单元14的数量也为一个，此时，天线组件10包括由辐射单元14及馈电端子16组成的一个“T”形。当然，在其他实施方式中，馈电端子16可以与辐射单元14倾斜连接，在实际应用中，可根据实际需求设计馈电端子16与辐射单元14连接所形成的形状，在此不做限制。
馈线17收容在壳体20内并穿过第二面134到达第一面132的馈电端子16以与馈电端子16连接。馈线17为同轴电缆，同轴电缆包括内导体172和外导体174。当馈电端子16的数量为两个，辐射单元14的数量为两个时，内导体172与外导体174分别与两个馈电端子16连接，两个馈电端子16焊接同轴电缆实现相差180度平衡馈电。
金属片18置于电子装置100内部。辐射单元14与金属片18分别位于金属框12的相背两侧，可以理解为，辐射单元14位于金属框12靠近电子装置100外部的一侧，金属片18位于金属框12靠近电子装置100内部的一侧。金属片18与辐射单元14耦合以感应出圆极化电场。金属片18为矩形金属片18，金属片18的宽度约为辐射单元14信号中心频率的四分之一波长，长度约为辐射单元14信号中心频率的二分之一波长。金属片18的长边与金属框12之间的距离为1mm～2mm，例如金属片18的长边与金属框12之间的距离可以为1mm、1.2mm、1.3mm、1.6mm、1.7mm、2mm。金属片18的材质可以是铜、不锈钢、铝或者电镀金层的塑料。本发明实施方式中，金属片18 为铜片。当然，金属片18的材质不限于上述种类，在实际应用中，可根据实际需求选择合适的材质以获取较优异的性能。
壳体20包括底板22及自底板22延伸的金属框12，金属片18设置在底板22上。金属框12与底板22垂直。在一个例子中，壳体20为绝缘材料，例如丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯共聚物(ABS)或者聚碳酸酯(PC)。壳体20可以为电子装置100的外壳，例如手机的后盖，或者平板电脑的后盖。
本发明实施方式的天线组件10，发射信号时，带有发射信号的电流从电子装置100的电路板发出，经馈线17传输至馈电端子16，携带发射信号的电流流入辐射单元14，辐射单元14产生线极化信号，金属框12与金属片18在辐射单元14的电流的作用下产生感应电流，感应电流反过来激励出一个电场影响辐射单元14上的线极化信号以形成圆极化信号。接收信号时，电路板产生电流，流经馈线17传输至馈电端子16，电流流入辐射单元14，辐射单元14产生线极化信号，金属框12与金属片18在辐射单元14的电流的作用下产生感应电流，感应电流反过来激励出一个电场影响辐射单元14上的线极化信号以形成圆极化电场，辐射单元14在圆极化电场下接收圆极化信号，圆极化信号传输至馈电端子16，再经馈线17传输至电路板。
天线组件10通过仿真天线在右旋圆极化轴比最好频率时，金属片18的两个长边上电流约为辐射单元14信号中心频率的1/2波长，两个短边上的电流各为辐射单元14信号中心频率的1/4波长。类似于方形贴片圆极化天线的电流分布，天线在正交的两个方向上都有电流分布，由于馈电端子16边沿的金属等效为电感效应，使这两个正交分量的电流在相位上相差约90度，从而实现圆极化特性。
请参阅图6，为未加金属片18时天线组件的水平面辐射方向图，可以看出右旋圆极化和左旋圆极化增益差别不大。
请参阅图4，为加金属片18后天线组件10的水平面辐射方向图，可以看出在125度附近右旋圆极化增益比左旋圆极化增益大7dB以上。
请参阅图7，为未加金属片18时天线组件的俯仰面辐射方向图，可以看出右旋圆极化和左旋圆极化增益差别不大。
请参阅图5，为加金属片18后天线组件10的俯仰面辐射方向图，可以看出在125度附近右旋圆极化增益比左旋圆极化增益大15dB以上。
也即是说，加金属片18时，天线组件10为圆极化，未加金属片18时，天线组件为线极化。
本发明实施方式的天线组件10及电子装置100，通过合理设计金属框12、安装片13、辐射单元14、馈电端子16、馈线17及金属片18的结构及位置关系，金属片18 在辐射单元14的作用下产生的感应电流反作用于辐射单元14，形成圆极化电场，实现接收和发射圆极化信号，提高天线组件10右旋圆极化增益。
进一步地，本发明实施方式的天线组件10，相比于传统的陶瓷贴片天线，体积、尺寸更小，质量更轻，更有利于集成化设计，应用于电子装置100上时，可提高电子装置100的便携性。
再有，本发明实施方式的天线组件10，结构简单，易安装，易于生产制造，可方便地安装至电子装置100。
在某些实施方式中，金属片18与金属框12接触。
如此，可提高天线组件10右旋圆极化增益。
在本说明书的描述中，参考术语“某些实施方式”、“一实施方式”、“一个实施方式”、“一些实施方式”、“示意性实施方式”、“示例”、“具体示例”、或“一些示例”等的描述意指结合所述实施方式或示例描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点包含于本发明的至少一个实施方式或示例中。在本说明书中，对上述术语的示意性表述不一定指的是相同的实施方式或示例。而且，描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点可以在任何的一个或多个实施方式或示例中以合适的方式结合。
此外，术语“第一”、“第二”仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量。由此，限定有“第一”、“第二”的特征可以明示或者隐含地包括至少一个所述特征。在本发明的描述中，“多个”的含义是至少两个，例如两个，三个，除非另有明确具体的限定。
尽管上面已经示出和描述了本发明的实施例，可以理解的是，上述实施例是示例性的，不能理解为对本发明的限制，本领域的普通技术人员在本发明的范围内可以对上述实施例进行变化、修改、替换和变型，本发明的范围由权利要求及其等同物限定。

Claims (19)

  1. 一种天线组件，其特征在于，所述天线组件包括：
    金属框；
    设置在所述金属框内的辐射单元；
    馈电端子，所述馈电端子与所述辐射单元连接并用于传输电信号；和
    金属片，所述金属片与所述辐射单元耦合以感应出圆极化电场。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的天线组件，其特征在于，所述辐射单元与所述金属片分别位于所述金属框的相背两侧。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的天线组件，其特征在于，所述天线组件还包括安装片，所述安装片包括相背的第一面与第二面，所述辐射单元设置在所述第一面，所述金属框开设有天线槽，所述安装片固定安装在所述天线槽内。
  4. 如权利要求3所述的天线组件，其特征在于，所述天线组件包括馈线，所述馈线穿过所述第二面与所述馈电端子连接。
  5. 如权利要求1所述的天线组件，其特征在于，所述辐射单元采用金属制成。
  6. 如权利要求1所述的天线组件，其特征在于，所述馈电端子的数量为两个，所述辐射单元的数量为两个，所述两个辐射单元间隔设置并相互耦合，两个所述馈电端子相对设置在两个所述辐射单元之间并彼此间隔。
  7. 如权利要求6所述的天线组件，其特征在于，两个所述辐射单元关于两个所述馈电端子的连线的中点中心对称。
  8. 如权利要求1所述的天线组件，其特征在于，所述辐射单元呈矩形片状。
  9. 如权利要求8所述的天线组件，其特征在于，所述辐射单元的长度为10mm，宽度均为1.5mm。
  10. 如权利要求6所述的天线组件，其特征在于，所述天线组件包括馈线，所述馈线为同轴电缆，所述同轴电缆包括内导体和外导体，所述内导体与所述外导体分别与两个所述馈电端子连接。
  11. 如权利要求1所述的天线组件，其特征在于，所述辐射单元与所述馈电端子连接形成T形。
  12. 如权利要求1所述的天线组件，其特征在于，所述金属片包括矩形金属片。
  13. 如权利要求1所述的天线组件，其特征在于，所述金属片的材料包括铜。
  14. 如权利要求1所述的天线组件，其特征在于，所述辐射单元与所述金属框的侧边距离小于2mm。
  15. 如权利要求12所述的天线组件，其特征在于，所述金属片与所述金属框接触。
  16. 如权利要求12所述的天线组件，其特征在于，所述金属片的长边与所述金属框之间的距离为1mm～2mm。
  17. 一种电子装置，其特征在于，包括：
    壳体；和
    如权利要求1-16任一项所述的天线组件，所述天线组件设置在所述壳体上。
  18. 如权利要求17所述的电子装置，其特征在于，所述壳体包括底板及自所述底板延伸的所述金属框，所述金属片设置在所述底板上。
  19. 如权利要求17所述的电子装置，其特征在于，所述金属框与所述底板垂直。
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CN108539382A (zh) * 2018-05-21 2018-09-14 上海安费诺永亿通讯电子有限公司 天线组件以及使用该天线组件的移动终端
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