WO2018117020A1 - 塗布制御装置、塗布制御方法、プログラムおよび記録媒体 - Google Patents
塗布制御装置、塗布制御方法、プログラムおよび記録媒体 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2018117020A1 WO2018117020A1 PCT/JP2017/045299 JP2017045299W WO2018117020A1 WO 2018117020 A1 WO2018117020 A1 WO 2018117020A1 JP 2017045299 W JP2017045299 W JP 2017045299W WO 2018117020 A1 WO2018117020 A1 WO 2018117020A1
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- skin
- application
- segments
- image data
- coating
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Definitions
- the present invention relates to a coating control device, a coating control method, a program, and a recording medium on which the program is recorded.
- Natural make-up is one of the make-up methods that have been supported by many women regardless of age, with an attractive finish that leaves the skin-like texture. Natural makeup is based on thinning the foundation. However, due to aging, spots, freckles, and uneven color occur, so natural makeup becomes difficult with aging. Therefore, methods such as using a high concealment concealer or applying a lot of foundation to the spot or freckles are used.
- Patent Document 1 discloses that an adherend is formed on the skin or lips so as to approach the optical characteristics at the predetermined location as the predetermined location is approached, thereby substantially eliminating the boundary and giving a natural impression. A method is described. Patent Document 1 describes that an adherend can be formed using an ink jet.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems, and provides a cosmetic application control device, an application control method, a program, and a recording medium that naturally hide a partial brightness difference on the skin. With the goal.
- An application control device includes an acquisition unit that acquires skin image data, a division unit that divides the image data into a plurality of segments of 200 ⁇ m or less, and a single or a plurality of the image data.
- a calculation unit that calculates the amount of cosmetic applied to each part of the skin from the segment value.
- the application control method includes an acquisition step of acquiring skin image data, a division step of dividing the image data into a plurality of segments of 200 ⁇ m or less, A calculation step of calculating the amount of cosmetic applied to each part of the skin from the values of a plurality of segments.
- the program according to an embodiment of the present invention includes an acquisition process for acquiring skin image data, a division process for dividing the image data into a plurality of segments of 200 ⁇ m or less, and a single or a plurality of the image data.
- the computer is caused to execute a calculation process for calculating an application amount of the cosmetic to be applied to each part of the skin from the segment value.
- a computer-readable recording medium records the above program.
- the present invention it is possible to provide a coating control device, a coating control method, a program, and a recording medium that naturally hide the difference in local brightness of the skin.
- FIG. 1 is an external view showing a configuration of a coating system 10 according to the present embodiment.
- the coating system 10 includes a coating device 100, an imaging unit 200, and a coating control device 300.
- the application apparatus 100 is an apparatus for applying cosmetics to the skin, and is held by a user.
- the coating apparatus 100 has a prismatic casing, and a coating head 101 is provided on one end surface of the casing.
- the shape of the coating apparatus 100 is not limited as long as it is a shape that can be easily gripped by the user, and may be cylindrical or hemispherical. Further, the coating apparatus 100 may include a gripping member such as a handle.
- the application head 101 is composed of, for example, an inkjet head and includes a plurality of nozzles that discharge cosmetics.
- the plurality of nozzles are two-dimensionally arranged, and a cosmetic film can be formed by discharging the cosmetic material to a predetermined region of the skin.
- a cosmetic tank 102 is attached to the coating apparatus 100, and cosmetics are supplied from the cosmetic tank 102 to the coating head 101.
- the cosmetic tank 102 may be provided in the coating apparatus 100.
- Cosmetics that cause local brightness differences in human skin including the face such as liquid concealers or liquid foundations for hiding spots, freckles, pores, vitiligo, various scars, etc., are used. be able to.
- the imaging unit 200 is provided on the side surface (upper surface) of the coating apparatus 100 in the same direction as the coating head 101.
- the imaging unit 200 includes a lens, an imaging device, and the like, and can capture an image of a narrow range of skin (second image) on which application is performed by the application head 101.
- the imaging unit 200 is connected to the coating head 101, and the relative position of the imaging unit 200 with respect to the coating head 101 is fixed.
- the imaging unit 200 may be formed integrally with the application head 101.
- the coating apparatus 100 and the imaging unit 200 are controlled by the coating control apparatus 300.
- the application control apparatus 300 is connected to the application apparatus 100 and the imaging unit 200 via a wired connection such as a USB (Universal Serial Bus) cable or a wireless connection such as Bluetooth (registered trademark) or Wi-Fi.
- the coating control apparatus 300 may be built in the coating apparatus 100.
- the coating control apparatus 300 includes members included in the coating apparatus 100 shown in FIG.
- the coating head 101 may be provided.
- the application control apparatus 300 stores in advance an image of a wide range of skin (first image, skin image data) including spots, freckles, pores, and the like to be applied.
- the application control apparatus 300 can grasp the position of the application head 101 on the skin by comparing the second image acquired from the imaging unit 200 with the first image.
- the application control apparatus 300 includes a display 301, and various information such as a skin image and the state of the application head 101 are displayed on the display 301.
- the coating control apparatus 300 recognizes the position of the coating head 101 on the skin and displays the current position of the coating head 101 on the display 301.
- the user moves the application head 101 along the skin while checking the display 301.
- the application head 101 arrives at a position to be applied, the application of the cosmetic is automatically performed.
- the cosmetic is applied based on the cosmetic application amount (details will be described later) calculated by the application control device 300.
- FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing an example of the configuration of the coating system 10 according to the present embodiment.
- the coating apparatus 100 includes a coating head 101, a cosmetic tank 102, a moving mechanism 103, an operation unit 104, a distance sensor 105, and a motion sensor 106.
- the application control apparatus 300 includes a display 301, an image processing circuit 302, a gap control circuit 303, a head control circuit 304, a CPU 305, a RAM 306, a ROM 307, a storage device 308, a speaker 309, and an I / F 310.
- the CPU 305 can function as an acquisition unit, a division unit, and a calculation unit.
- the storage device 308 can function as a storage unit.
- the coating head 101 is, for example, a piezo ink jet head, and includes a nozzle, a pressure chamber, a piezoelectric element, a drive circuit, and the like.
- the pressure chamber is filled with cosmetics and a voltage is applied from the drive circuit to the piezoelectric element, the volume of the pressure chamber changes due to the deformation of the piezoelectric element.
- cosmetics are discharged from a nozzle in the shape of a droplet.
- the application head 101 may be a thermal inkjet head that heats the cosmetic with a heating body and discharges the cosmetic with the pressure of the generated bubbles.
- the coating head 101 operates based on a control signal from the head control circuit 304.
- the cosmetic tank 102 stores the cosmetic and supplies the cosmetic to the application head 101.
- the cosmetic tank 102 can be a cartridge type that can be easily replaced.
- the cosmetic is a liquid having a predetermined viscosity that can be discharged from the application head 101.
- Specific examples of the cosmetics include those that can conceal the local brightness difference in the skin, such as concealer, foundation, and funny.
- a plurality of cosmetic tanks 102 may be provided so as to accommodate a plurality of cosmetics of different types or colors. For example, four cosmetic tanks 102 are provided so that three color cosmetics of yellow, magenta, and cyan and cosmetics capable of adjusting brightness can be applied, and four nozzle groups corresponding to each cosmetic are applied.
- the head 101 can be provided.
- the moving mechanism 103 includes an actuator, a guide member, and the like, and can drive the application head 101 forward and backward in the longitudinal direction of the application apparatus 100, that is, in a direction perpendicular to the skin when the application head 101 is opposed to the skin. it can.
- the moving mechanism 103 controls the position of the coating head 101 in accordance with a control signal from the gap control circuit 303.
- the operation unit 104 includes operation members such as a power switch, a menu button, and a coating button for executing coating, and is used by the user to give an instruction to the coating device 100.
- the application control device 300 controls the operation of the application device 100 in accordance with a user instruction input from the operation unit 104.
- the application button is preferably arranged at a position where the user can easily operate while holding the application apparatus 100.
- the application button is arranged at a position where the user touches the finger when holding the application apparatus 100. The Thereby, even when the user moves the coating apparatus 100 to a part (such as a cheek) that cannot be directly visually recognized, the user can operate the coating button by groping.
- the distance sensor 105 is, for example, an infrared sensor, an ultrasonic sensor, or the like, irradiates a detection wave such as an infrared ray or an ultrasonic wave toward an object, and receives the reflected wave.
- the distance sensor 105 can detect the distance to the object based on the time from irradiating the detection wave to receiving the reflected wave.
- a plurality of distance sensors 105 are provided around the application head 101, and the inclination of the application head 101 with respect to the skin can be detected.
- the application control device 300 keeps the distance between the skin and the application head 101 constant based on the detection signal from the distance sensor 105, and discharges cosmetics when the application head 101 is inclined with respect to the skin, for example.
- the coating head 101 can be controlled so that it does not occur.
- the motion sensor 106 includes an acceleration sensor, a gyro sensor, and a geomagnetic sensor, and detects movement such as movement and rotation of the coating head 101.
- the acceleration sensor is composed of, for example, a capacitance detection element, and can detect the acceleration applied to the coating head 101.
- the gyro sensor is composed of, for example, a piezoelectric vibration element and has a function of detecting the direction of the coating head 101.
- the geomagnetic sensor can grasp the orientation of the coating head 101 by detecting the geomagnetism. Based on the detection signal from the motion sensor 106, the application control device 300 can control the application head 101 so that the cosmetic is not discharged, for example, when the application head 101 moves quickly.
- the imaging unit 200 includes an optical system, an imaging device, and an A / D (Analog / Digital) converter.
- the optical system includes an optical filter, a fixed lens, and a focus lens, and images light from a subject (skin) on an imaging surface of an imaging element to form a subject image.
- a polarizing filter can be attached to the optical system, and specular reflection can be reduced.
- the image pickup device is, for example, a CMOS (Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor) image sensor or a CCD (Charge Coupled Device) image sensor, and includes a plurality of pixels arranged two-dimensionally, a color filter, and a microlens.
- the plurality of pixels may include imaging pixels and focus detection pixels.
- the image sensor has an electronic shutter function for controlling the charge accumulation time.
- Each of the plurality of pixels outputs a pixel signal based on incident light from the optical system.
- the A / D converter includes a comparison circuit, a latch circuit, and the like, and converts an analog pixel signal from the image sensor into digital RAW data.
- the imaging unit 200 can output a moving image having a predetermined frame rate in addition to a still image. Note that the imaging unit 200 according to the present embodiment has a function of capturing an image of a narrow range of skin (second image) applied by the application head 101, but has a wide range of skin that can be applied. You may have the function to image the image (1st image) of the range.
- the display 301 includes, for example, a liquid crystal display and an organic EL (Electro Luminescence) display.
- the display 301 performs various displays such as an image from the imaging unit 200, an image stored in the storage device 308, status information of the coating head 101, and a menu screen based on data from the CPU 305.
- the display 301 may be a touch panel and may function as the operation unit 104.
- the image processing circuit 302 includes a numerical operation circuit, performs a demosaic process on the RAW data from the imaging unit 200, and has an image having each color value of R (red), G (green), and B (blue) for each pixel. Data (RGB image) is generated.
- the image processing circuit 302 also has a function of performing digital image processing such as white balance adjustment, gamma correction, contour enhancement, tone conversion, noise reduction, and compression on image data.
- the gap control circuit 303 controls the gap (gap) between the skin and the coating head 101 by outputting a control signal to the moving mechanism 103. Based on the detection signal from the distance sensor 105, the gap control circuit 303 can control the position of the coating head 101 so as to maintain a certain distance from the skin. Based on an instruction from the CPU 305, the head control circuit 304 outputs, to the application head 101, a control signal indicating information on a nozzle that discharges cosmetics, an application amount, and the like.
- a CPU (Central Processing Unit) 305 includes a CPU core, a cache memory, and the like, and comprehensively controls each unit of the coating control apparatus 300. As will be described in detail later, the CPU 305 acquires skin image data from the storage device 308 (acquisition unit), divides the image data into a plurality of segments (division unit), and applies cosmetics applied to the skin. The amount is calculated (calculation unit).
- a RAM (Random Access Memory) 306 is, for example, a DRAM (Dynamic RAM), and is used as a work area of the CPU 305, a program load area, and the like. The RAM 306 temporarily stores data necessary for processing by the CPU 305, image data generated by the image processing circuit 302, image data read from the storage device 308, and the like.
- a ROM (Read Only Memory) 307 is, for example, EEPROM (Electrically Erasable Programmable ROM), and stores various setting files, basic programs such as an OS (Operating System), and a control program for controlling the operation of the coating apparatus 100.
- EEPROM Electrically Erasable Programmable ROM
- OS Operating System
- the storage device (storage unit) 308 is, for example, a flash memory or a hard disk, and includes a wide range of skin image data (first image) and a narrow range of skin image (second image) on which cosmetics are applied. Image), as well as other images and the like.
- the storage device 308 can store RAW data from the imaging unit 200, image data generated by the image processing circuit 302, and the like. Further, the storage device 308 can store image data captured by an external imaging device via the I / F 310, and can also store image data on the Internet via the I / F 310. Is possible.
- the storage device 308 may be a portable storage medium, and may be configured to be detachable from the application control device 300 via a memory card slot, a USB connector, or the like.
- the speaker 309 includes a piezoelectric vibration unit, a drive circuit, and the like, and outputs a sound wave signal based on data from the CPU 305.
- the speaker 309 can reproduce voice messages, sound effects, and the like, and is used, for example, to notify the user of the operating state of the coating apparatus 100.
- An I / F (Interface) 310 transmits / receives data to / from the outside such as the Internet or various peripheral devices.
- the application control device 300 calculates the amount of cosmetics to be applied to the skin from the skin image data stored in the storage device 308 (details will be described later). Then, the coating apparatus 100 applies cosmetics to the skin from the application head 101 based on the cosmetic application amount calculated by the application control apparatus 300.
- the application control apparatus 300 determines the position of the second image (the narrow range of skin image on which the application is performed) in the first image (the wide range of image data of the skin). Then, the application control device 300 can control the application head 101 so that the application amount at the determined position in the cosmetic application amount distribution calculated by the application control device 300 is obtained.
- the method for determining the position of the second image in the first image is not particularly limited, and any method can be used.
- the position of the second image captured by the imaging unit 200 in the first image stored in advance in the storage device 308 is determined, and the cosmetic is applied from the application head 101 based on the determination result.
- the present invention is not limited to such an embodiment.
- an application amount may be calculated in real time from an image captured by the imaging unit 200, and cosmetics may be applied with the application amount.
- FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing an example of a human skin layer configuration assumed in the calculation model, and specifically shows a schematic configuration of the facial skin. Note that even if the skin is other than the face, although the thickness of each layer is different (for example, the stratum corneum is thicker than the face on the sole of the foot), the layer configuration is the same as the example shown in FIG.
- Human skin is roughly divided into an epidermis layer 411 including a horny layer 411a, a dermis layer 412, and a subcutaneous tissue 413 from the outermost layer side to the inside, and has a layered structure.
- the stratum corneum 411a is located on the most surface of the skin layers 411.
- a melanin pigment is generated at the bottom of the skin layer 411.
- Melanin pigments play a role in protecting the skin from ultraviolet rays.
- the generated melanin pigment is deposited in the epidermis layer 411 due to various effects such as aging and becomes a melanin pigment deposition portion 411b. As a result, the skin looks dark and is recognized as a spot.
- the dermis layer 412 located inside the epidermis layer 411 has blood vessels stretched inside.
- a blood vessel consists of a series of arteries 414 and veins 415.
- the arterial blood sent from the heart travels through the artery 414 in the dermis layer 412 and moves through various substances such as exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide, and then becomes venous blood in the vein 415 in the dermal layer 412. It flows and reaches the heart again.
- the subcutaneous tissue 413 is the innermost in the skin, and most of it is made of subcutaneous fat. In addition, nerves, sweat glands, lymph vessels, etc., not shown, are stretched inside the skin.
- the tissues of the epidermis layer 411 and the dermis layer 412 including the stratum corneum 411a are translucent and visible light easily penetrates.
- Light that has penetrated into the skin is reflected by tissues inside the skin, and part of the light diffuses while being repeatedly absorbed by blood and melanin, and part of the diffused light is emitted from the skin surface again.
- the light emitted from the skin again spreads concentrically around the incident point.
- the fact that the light applied to the skin diffuses within the skin and is emitted from a wide range including the incident point is considered to have the same effect as illuminating the skin surface with light from the back side.
- the illuminance changes depending on the relationship between the direction of the uneven surface and the lighting direction, so that a bright part and a dark part are generated.
- This contrast between light and dark can be said to be a signal indicating that there are fine irregularities on the surface, but the larger the contrast ratio, the easier it is to recognize the surface.
- This can be said to be the same mechanism as the eye moving to maximize the contrast ratio when focusing on the surface.
- the illumination is performed from the back side of the uneven surface, the contrast of the uneven surface is reduced, and conversely, the surface becomes difficult to recognize.
- the former makes the presence of the surface clear and the latter makes it unclear. If the ease of recognizing these surfaces is replaced with a texture, the former is thought to give a feeling of opacity, and the latter gives a feeling of depth or transparency.
- the effect that occurs when light is incident on one point of the skin is mentioned, but here the light emitted from one point of the skin is considered here.
- the formation of light emitted from one point of the skin can be considered as the addition of light that has entered from the periphery of the point and diffused around the skin. For this reason, if there is something that prevents light from entering the skin at a position slightly away from the point, the light that would normally come from there will not come, and it will become darker by that amount.
- Highly concealed coatings just prevent incidence, and the effect is greater the closer to the boundary of the coating. As a result, a phenomenon occurs in which the vicinity of the boundary of the coating becomes darker than the surroundings.
- the present inventor calculates the cosmetic application amount using a predetermined calculation model, and applies the application amount using the application device so that the calculated cosmetic application amount is obtained. I found that the difference can be concealed naturally.
- unnaturalness at the application boundary of cosmetics is due to (1) the unique optical properties of the skin, that is, the property that light penetrates and diffuses, and ( 2) It has been found that it is caused by calculation accuracy of coating amount and coating accuracy, respectively. Therefore, according to a calculation model in which at least one of these is considered in advance, a coating amount suitable for each point is theoretically obtained.
- an appropriate application amount distribution for concealing the stain, including the boundary is known to the stain, the user applies the cosmetic by himself / herself, not only when applying using a device. In some cases, it can be useful reference information.
- FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing an example of N segments on the skin surface.
- Each of the N segments is a square having the same area.
- the 1st and Nth segments N are arranged in order.
- the reflectivity R of the k-th segment k is, R (k), or represented by the subscript as R k.
- the coating amount of the kth segment k is represented as xk.
- the diffusion of light from the kth segment k to the k′th segment k ′ is treated as a skin spatial impulse response function and expressed as I k (k, k ′).
- the spatial impulse response function is a distribution of reflected light luminance values when light is applied to an infinitesimal region, and is called a point spread function (PSF).
- PSF point spread function
- the spatial impulse response function is a function that expresses how much light is emitted from surrounding segments including a certain segment when the light is evenly irradiated to one segment. is there.
- r out represents the reflectance emitted from the coating directly, without passing through the skin, of the reflectance of the segment when the segment is irradiated with light. Since it is assumed that there is no reflection from the skin surface as will be described later, it can be said that r out considers only the light reflected from the coating.
- r in represents the reflectance emitted from the segment when the segment is irradiated with light from the back side of the skin. Similar to r out , it can be said that only light reflected from the coating (toward the skin) is considered.
- t out represents the transmittance from the inside of the segment to the outside.
- t in represents the transmittance from the outside to the inside of the segment. Since these are determined by the coating amount of the coated material, when the coating amount is x, they are expressed as r out (x), r in (x), t out (x), and t in (x).
- the reflectance R n of the segment n is expressed by Expression (1).
- the first term on the right side of the first row is that the light irradiated to the segment n is reflected by the coating material
- the second term on the right side of the first row is from the outside of the segment n or another segment to the inside. It is transmitted and directly reaches segment n.
- the second row indicates that the segment n or other segment is transmitted from the outside to the inside, is reflected once by the inner surface of any segment, and reaches the segment n.
- the third line represents the same reflection twice, and the fourth and subsequent lines are repeated.
- Equation (1) may be solved for N coating amounts x.
- the cosmetic application amount may be calculated using a calculation model other than the calculation model represented by the formula (1), and various calculation models including the calculation model represented by the formula (1) may be used.
- the amount of cosmetics applied may be calculated by adding a simplification method. The assumptions for simplifying the calculation are also made for the specific examples shown below, but the present invention is not limited to this.
- I k (k, n) Simplification of calculation model
- I k (k, n) m (n) m (k ) I (k, n).
- I (k, n) is an impulse response function representing the ratio of light incident from the segment k and emitted from the segment n
- I (k, k ′) is normalized as shown in the following equation. It shall be.
- k ′ is the number of m segments surrounding k.
- m (n) m (k) represents energy lost when propagating through the skin when entering from the point k and exiting from the point n. In this assumption, the energy lost in the skin is determined by the incident point and the outgoing point.
- Equation (2) N simultaneous nonlinear equations shown in equation (2) are obtained. It is done. Note that the reflectance R p after application of the cosmetic may be set uniformly in all parts of the skin, or an arbitrary R p may be set according to the location of the skin.
- Partial differential coefficient for the coating amount x k of segment n is represented by the formula (3).
- [delta] i, j in equation (3) is a delta symbol Kronecker.
- Nonlinear simultaneous equations can be obtained by Newton's method using partial differential coefficients if the initial values can be set appropriately. A method for setting the initial value will be described later.
- Equation (4) R (k) and m (k) are the respective reflectance and energy loss in the segment k. Since this is a simultaneous nonlinear equation with unknown number N, N functions are placed as shown in Equation (5) and a partial differential coefficient is set as shown in Equation (6) according to a conventional method.
- m (k) was displayed as follows.
- the coating amount distribution is a physical quantity that defines the amount of coating material such as the volume, weight, and thickness of the coating material for each segment on the skin.
- obtaining the application amount distribution means obtaining the application amount for each segment.
- the segment has a predetermined area, the application area ratio to each segment can also be handled as the application amount. Therefore, it is assumed that the coated material is applied at a predetermined area ratio in each segment. It is assumed that the thickness of the coating is such that the transmittance is almost zero. In order to simplify the discussion, it is assumed that the coating itself does not absorb light and that the light hitting the coating is reflected without energy loss.
- a white coating material having extremely high concealability is applied to each segment at a predetermined area ratio. For example, when an area ratio of 0.4 is applied to a certain segment, 0.4 of the light uniformly irradiated in the segment is reflected and the remaining 0.6 reaches the skin.
- Equation (8) represents the reflection and transmission of the light irradiated from the outside of the skin surface on the skin surface.
- the reflection and transmission of the light reaching from the inside of the skin surface is expressed by the equation (9). It can be expressed as follows.
- 1 to N ′ indicate a range that affects the attention point. If it is outside the range of 1 to N (region of interest), the coating amount is assumed to be zero, but (1-x k ) representing the wraparound of light is 1, which affects the result, so the range of 1 to N ′ Was used for calculation.
- Equation (12) The initial value for solving equation (12) is assumed to be equation (14). This initial value corresponds to the coating amount when light is not diffused in the skin at all and is emitted only at the irradiated position.
- the above method is called a method with reflection in the skin because the light coming from the inside of the skin is calculated including the term that is reflected in the skin by the applied material.
- Equation (16) Rewriting equation (15) into the form of simultaneous equations yields a simplified equation like equation (16).
- the curly braces in the equation (16) can be read as being reduced from the reflectance R (n) by the amount of impulses (the second term in the curly braces) generated by the dots of the coating.
- the partial differential value is expressed as follows, and a simplified formula (17) is obtained.
- the above method is called a method without reflection in the skin because light from the inside of the skin is lost without being reflected in the skin by the applied material.
- FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing the operation of the coating control apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention. Hereinafter, each step of the operation of the application control apparatus will be described in order.
- the CPU 305 acquires from the storage device 308 the skin image data to be applied with the cosmetic imaged by an external imaging device (not shown), and reads it into the RAM 306.
- Skin image data is stored in the storage device 308 in advance.
- the skin image data may be stored in the storage device 308 from an external device such as an imaging device or a personal computer via the I / F 310, or may be stored in the storage device 308 from the Internet via the I / F 310. It may be stored.
- a memory card serving as a storage device 308 that stores skin image data in advance may be used by being attached to a memory card slot (not shown) provided in the application control device 300.
- the CPU 305 constitutes an acquisition unit.
- the skin image data includes at least optical information and position information corresponding to each of the plurality of pixels.
- the optical information preferably includes a luminance value, for example, information in YUV format.
- the position information may be anything as long as it includes two-dimensional position information.
- the coating amount is calculated based on the luminance value, but a signal in a specific wavelength region (color component) may be used, or a value of each color may be used. Therefore, a wavelength in an arbitrary visible region, preferably a wavelength of 600 nm or more may be selected using a bandpass filter or the like, an arbitrary signal from an RGB signal, preferably an R signal may be selected, and a YUV signal may be selected. Any signal, preferably a Y signal, may be selected.
- the size of the image data to be acquired is not particularly limited as long as it can be divided into a plurality of segments and can be accurately calculated in the application amount calculation process (step S3) described later.
- the resolution is desirably a high resolution up to a limit that can be visually recognized by the human eye, and may be higher than that, but is preferably high enough not to cause an excessively high load in image processing. .
- the CPU 305 divides the acquired image data into a plurality of segments.
- the CPU 305 constitutes a dividing unit.
- the image data is divided so that one side of the segment is 200 ⁇ m or less, preferably 20 ⁇ m or more and 150 ⁇ m or less.
- it is possible to calculate a precise coating amount distribution to a level that is difficult to distinguish with the naked eye, and to naturally conceal partial brightness differences. it can.
- the thickness is 150 ⁇ m or less, a partial brightness difference can be concealed more naturally, and when the thickness is 20 ⁇ m or more, the processing load of an application amount calculation process described later can be reduced.
- the CPU 305 can divide the image data into N segments. Each segment has a side of 200 ⁇ m or less and is a square having the same area. Note that the shape of the segment is not necessarily a square, but may be a rectangle or an arbitrary polygon. In this case, the distance between the centers of adjacent segments is preferably 200 ⁇ m or less, for example, 20 ⁇ m or more and 150 ⁇ m or less.
- the division of the image data can be performed by averaging the luminance values of a plurality of pixels with higher definition than the pixel pitch described above. For example, the CPU 305 can average the luminance values of a plurality of pixels with a 10 ⁇ m pitch and calculate a segment with a desired pixel pitch.
- the CPU 305 may perform not only image processing for dividing image data into a plurality of segments but also other image processing. In the present embodiment, it is desirable to perform noise removal of the image data before the division process to remove noise derived from minute foreign matters or pores existing on the skin.
- step S3 Application amount calculation process
- the CPU 305 calculates the application amount of the cosmetic to be applied to each part of the skin corresponding to each segment from the value in each of the divided N segments.
- the CPU 305 constitutes a calculation unit.
- the segment value used for calculating the coating amount is optical information of the segment, and is preferably a luminance value.
- the value of the single segment of the N segments may be used to calculate the amount of cosmetic applied to the skin portion corresponding to the single segment. Good. Then, the application amount for each part of the skin may be calculated by repeating such calculation of the application amount for all N segments. Moreover, you may calculate the application quantity of the cosmetics apply
- the CPU 305 after calculating the amount of cosmetic applied to the skin, performs smoothing on the amount of cosmetic applied obtained for each segment.
- smoothing processing There is no restriction
- the reflectance is low when the coating amount of the cosmetic is calculated on the basis of the reflectance that is included and handled without distinguishing each wavelength for wavelengths in an unspecified wide range (for example, the entire visible region).
- the coating amount becomes slightly excessive at the wavelength.
- the coating amount of the cosmetic is calculated based on the reflectance for a specific wavelength (color)
- the coating amount may be slightly excessive or insufficient at wavelengths other than the specific wavelength. For this reason, it is preferable to appropriately color with a cosmetic so as to make up for the excess and deficiency generated and not become unnatural.
- the coating amount is excessive, it is preferable to compensate for insufficient absorption at the excessive portion, that is, to perform coloring.
- This time can be calculated, for example, r out in formula (2), r in, t out, the t in a function of absorptivity, absorption giving absorption rate at each wavelength by partially differentiating. Therefore, for example, by applying an application corresponding to each wavelength (color) for each segment based on the absorption given to each calculated wavelength, it is possible to apply makeup with good color. For example, it is possible to apply three types of coating materials each of which mixes three colors of yellow, magenta, and cyan so as to exhibit a desired color by mixing on the segments.
- FIG. 7 is a flowchart showing a flow of application amount calculation according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- the CPU 305 calculates the application amount of the cosmetic using the calculation model of the method with intradermal reflection, that is, the equations (12) and (13) described in the calculation model described above. ing.
- the CPU 305 sets an impulse response function for each of the N segments divided in step S2 of FIG.
- the impulse response function represents the diffusion of light between each part of the skin corresponding to each of the N segments.
- One of the N segments is a target segment, and a segment other than the target segment is a non-target segment.
- the impulse response function is the ratio of the light incident on the target part of the skin corresponding to the target segment being emitted from the surface of the target part of the skin, or the non-target part of the skin corresponding to the non-target segment. This is a function representing the ratio of the emitted light from the surface of the target portion of the skin.
- the same impulse response function may be set for all the 1st to Nth segments. Also, different (N) impulse response functions may be set for each segment by measuring the impulse response in each of the 1st to Nth segments.
- step S312 the CPU 305 acquires a luminance value from each of the 1st to Nth segments.
- step S314 the CPU 305 calculates the amount of the cosmetic to be applied to each part of the skin corresponding to each of the 1st to Nth segments by the calculation model with internal reflection represented by the expressions (12) and (13).
- the application amount calculation process (step S3 in FIG. 5) is completed.
- the calculation of the cosmetic application amount in step S314 can be said to be based on the following light reflection / diffusion model. That is, the light reflection / diffusion model used in step S314 is, when one of the N segments is a target segment, the light obtained in the target portion of the skin corresponding to the target segment is at least The following components (A) to (C) are included. (A) Of the light emitted toward the surface of the target portion of the skin corresponding to the target segment, the component reflected without passing through the surface of the target portion of the skin.
- the application amount can be calculated more accurately, so that the local skin brightness Differences can be concealed more naturally.
- FIG. 8 is a flowchart showing a flow of application amount calculation according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
- the CPU 305 calculates the application amount of the cosmetic using the calculation model of the method without intra-reflection, that is, the equations (16) and (17) described in the calculation model described above. ing.
- the second embodiment differs from the first embodiment described above (method with intradermal reflection) only in the application amount calculation (step S314 in FIG. 7). That is, skin image data acquisition (step S1 in FIG. 5) and division into a plurality of segments (step S2 in FIG. 5) are the same. Also for the application amount calculation process (step S3 in FIG. 5), the impulse response function setting (step S311 in FIG. 7, step S321 in FIG. 8) to the absorption coefficient m (k) setting (step S313 in FIG. 7, FIG. 8). Step S323) is the same. Therefore, only the coating amount calculation (step S324 in FIG. 8) will be described here, and the other description will be omitted.
- step S324 In the 1st to Nth segments, an impulse response function, a luminance value, and an absorption coefficient m (k) are set, respectively.
- the CPU 305 calculates the application amount of the cosmetic for each of the 1st to Nth segments using the calculation model without internal reflection expressed by the equations (16) and (17), and performs the application amount calculation process (step of FIG. 5). Finish S3).
- the calculation of the coating amount in this step S324 is the reflection / diffusion model of light excluding the components described in (C) in step S314 (FIG. 7) of the first embodiment (that is, (A) and (B It can be said that the coating amount was calculated based on the component (
- the second embodiment described above by dividing into segments of 200 ⁇ m or less, it is possible to calculate a precise coating amount distribution to a level that is not easily discernable with the naked eye, and a difference in partial brightness. Can be concealed naturally. Also, by using a calculation model that takes into account the diffusion of light inside the skin by the impulse response function, the application amount can be calculated more accurately, so the difference in local skin brightness can be concealed more naturally. Can do. Although the reflection inside the skin is not taken into consideration, the processing load in the application amount calculation process can be reduced accordingly.
- FIG. 9 is a flowchart showing a flow of application amount calculation according to the third embodiment of the present invention.
- the CPU 305 calculates the cosmetic application amount using the method of applying the initial solution to the calculation model, that is, the equation (14) described in the above-described calculation model.
- the third embodiment differs from the first and second embodiments described above only in the application amount calculation process (step S3 in FIG. 5). That is, skin image data acquisition (step S1 in FIG. 5) and division into a plurality of segments (step S2 in FIG. 5) are the same. Accordingly, only the coating amount calculation process (step S3 in FIG. 5) will be described here, and the other description will be omitted.
- step S332 the CPU 305 acquires a luminance value from the k-th segment among the N segments divided in step S2 of FIG.
- step S333 Further, the CPU 305 calculates the cosmetic application amount for the k-th segment from the above-described calculation model using the initial solution represented by the equation (14).
- step S335) After that, the CPU 305 determines whether k and N are equal. If the result of determination is NO, there is a segment for which the application amount has not been calculated, and the process returns to step S332. If the result of determination is YES, since the application amount for all N segments has been calculated, the application amount calculation process (step S3 in FIG. 5) is terminated.
- the third embodiment described above by dividing into segments of 200 ⁇ m or less, it is possible to calculate a precise coating amount distribution to a level that is not easily discernable with the naked eye, and a difference in partial brightness. Can be concealed naturally. Although light diffusion inside the skin and reflection inside the skin are not taken into consideration, the processing load in the application amount calculation processing can be remarkably reduced accordingly.
- the acquisition unit, the division unit, and the calculation unit are all the CPU 305 provided in the application control apparatus 300, but some or all of these may be substituted by cloud computing. .
- the application destination of the above-described method for calculating the coating amount of cosmetics is not limited to controlling the coating of cosmetics in a coating apparatus that employs an inkjet method or the like. According to the method for calculating the amount of cosmetic application described above, it is possible to provide a makeup simulation image in which makeup is applied with the calculated amount of application, and a makeup advice system that advises makeup.
- a program according to an embodiment of the present invention causes a computer to execute each control process described in the first to third embodiments. There are no particular restrictions on the language of the program, and any well-known and commonly used language can be used.
- a recording medium according to an embodiment of the present invention is a computer-readable recording medium that records the program. There are no particular restrictions on the type of recording medium, and any of the commonly used recording media can be used.
- Example 1 to 3 Blemish skin model
- the skin was a multilayer film model, and general skin values were set as optical characteristic parameters for each layer.
- the central 6.4 mm square part was used as a spot.
- the reflectance was calculated for each 100 ⁇ m square segment in the central cross section.
- an average value of 16 brightness points measured within the segment was used. This is used for the following calculation as R (k).
- FIG. 10 shows the result of simulation of the spot skin model by Monte Carlo simulation.
- FIG. 10 is a graph showing a simulation result of the reflectance distribution of the spot skin model, and is a graph showing the reflectance with respect to the position in the central section of the spot skin model.
- the reflectance is lowered in the central portion where the light is absorbed by setting the spot. It is considered that the effect of internal diffusion appears in the skin because the boundary portion is not a right-angled shape but changes gently.
- FIG. 11 is a graph showing an impulse response function obtained by simulating when a skin model without a spot is irradiated with light.
- FIG. 12 is a graph showing the distribution of m (k) in a spot skin model obtained by simulation. The calculation converged when the error was set to 1.0e- 6 . Since the square root of m (k) is the initial solution (dashed line), the boundary of the initial solution is a gradual change, but the distribution of m (k) obtained from equations (5) and (6) ( The solid line) is steep and closer to the absorption distribution set in a right-angle shape in the skin model.
- FIG. 13 is a graph showing the distribution of the amount of cosmetic applied in a stain skin model obtained by simulation.
- the amount of application increased both in the presence of reflection within the skin (thick line) and without reflection within the skin (thin line).
- the increase was large. This is thought to be due to the assumption that light is lost.
- a thick line is the reflectance distribution of Example 1 calculated
- a thin line is the reflectance distribution of Example 2 calculated
- a broken line is the reflectance distribution of Example 3 obtained by applying the initial solution (formula (14)) to the calculation model.
- a dashed-dotted line is the reflectance distribution before cosmetics application. According to FIG. 14, the following was found.
- Example 3 it was found that the drop in reflectance, that is, the stain was greatly improved. In Example 3, the loss due to the spread of light is not taken into consideration at all. Therefore, it was found that a good concealing effect can be obtained although the correction is slightly insufficient as compared with Examples 1 and 2. Moreover, since the initial solution is used and it is not necessary to solve a complicated simultaneous equation, the processing load of Example 3 was extremely low.
- Example 2 it was found that the reflectance drop, that is, the stain was greatly improved.
- Example 2 since the loss due to light diffusion inside the skin was estimated to the maximum, it was estimated that the spot site was corrected to be slightly higher, but a good concealing effect was obtained.
- Example 1 the drop in reflectance, that is, the stain was greatly improved and became almost uniform.
- Example 1 since the internal reflection was performed up to two times, the loss was seen to be slightly excessive, so that it was found that a very good concealing effect was obtained although the spot portion was slightly slightly corrected. .
- Example 3 the coating amount distribution obtained in Example 3 was changed to a coating amount distribution shifted by 200 ⁇ m from the center to the outside, and the cosmetic was applied in the same manner as in Example 3 except that this was introduced on the surface of the skin model. After that, the reflectance distribution was obtained.
- FIG. 15 is a graph showing the reflectance distribution of Comparative Example 1. As is clear from FIG. 15, two large peaks (convex parts) appeared, and it was found that the boundary became unnatural.
- Example 2 the coating amount distribution obtained in Example 3 was changed to a coating amount distribution shifted by 200 ⁇ m inward toward the center, and this was introduced on the surface of the skin model in the same manner as in Example 3 except that it was applied to the cosmetic.
- the reflectance distribution after coating was obtained.
- FIG. 16 is a graph showing the reflectance distribution of Comparative Example 2. As is clear from FIG. 16, it was found that two large peaks (concave portions) appeared, resulting in an unnatural boundary.
- the difference in local brightness of the skin is calculated by calculating the amount of cosmetic applied by dividing a precise segment of 200 ⁇ m or less. Was found to hide naturally.
- 10 coating system 100 coating device, 101 coating head, 102 cosmetic tank, 103 moving mechanism, 104 operation unit, 105 distance sensor, 106 motion sensor, 200 imaging unit, 300 coating control device, 301 display, 302 image processing circuit, 303 Gap control circuit, 304 Head control circuit, 305 CPU (acquisition unit, division unit, calculation unit), 306 RAM, 307 ROM, 308 storage device (storage unit), 309 speaker, 310 I / F, 411 skin layer, 411a Stratum corneum, 411b melanin pigmentation part, 412 dermis layer, 413 subcutaneous tissue, 414 artery, 415 vein
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Abstract
Description
[塗布システム]
図1は、本実施形態に係る塗布システム10における構成を示す外観図である。塗布システム10は、塗布装置100、撮像部200、塗布制御装置300を備えている。塗布装置100は、肌に化粧料を塗布するための装置であり、ユーザに把持される。塗布装置100は角柱状の筐体を有し、筐体の一端面に塗布ヘッド101が設けられている。塗布装置100の形状はユーザが把持し易い形状であれば限定されず、円柱状、半球状をなしていても良い。また、塗布装置100はハンドル等の把持部材を備えていても良い。
I/F(Interface)310は、インターネットや各種周辺機器等の外部とデータの送受信を行う。
ついで、塗布システム10の動作について説明する。
まず、塗布制御装置300は、記憶装置308に格納された肌の画像データから肌に塗布する化粧料の塗布量を算出する(詳細は後述する)。そして、塗布装置100は、塗布制御装置300が算出した化粧料の塗布量に基づき、塗布ヘッド101から肌に化粧料を塗布する。
次に、本発明に係る塗布制御装置および塗布制御方法のより詳細な実施形態を説明するに先立ち、本実施形態および後述する他の実施形態で用いられる計算モデルについて説明する。
図3は計算モデルで想定している人間の肌の層構成の一例を示す概略図であり、具体的には顔の肌の概略構成が図示されている。なお、顔以外の肌であっても、各層の厚さが異なるものの(例えば、足の裏では角層が顔と比べると厚い)、層構成は図3に示す例と同じである。
ついで、図3に示すような肌に高隠蔽性の塗布物が存在することで、肌に不透明な質感が生じることについて、肌に照射された光と肌の形状・特性とに基づき説明する。
そして、塗布物が形成された領域と形成されていない領域との境界における不自然さが生じる理由について説明する。ここでは局所的に隠蔽力のある塗布物を肌上に付着させた場合を考える。
図3に示すような層構成の肌に対して塗布する化粧料の塗布量を、計算モデルを用いて算出する。
この計算モデルでは、肌表面上にセグメントがN個あるものとして考える。図4は肌表面上におけるN個のセグメントの一例を示す模式図である。N個のセグメントは、いずれも同じ面積の正方形からなる。1番目のセグメント1、2番目のセグメント2、3番目のセグメント3、・・・、k番目のセグメントk、・・・、N-2番目のセグメントN-2、N-1番目のセグメントN-1、およびN番目のセグメントNが、順に配置されている。
ここで、k番目のセグメントkの反射率Rは、R(k)、あるいはRkのように添え字で表す。k番目のセグメントkの塗布量であればxkと表す。また、k番目のセグメントkからk’番目のセグメントk’への光の拡散を肌の空間インパルス応答関数として扱い、Ik(k,k’)のように表す。空間インパルス応答関数とは、無限小領域に光を与えたときの反射光輝度値の分布のことであり、点広がり関数(Point Spread Function:PSF)と称される。すなわち、空間インパルス応答関数は、セグメントで考えた場合、ある一つのセグメントに光が均一に照射されたときに、そのセグメントを含む周囲のセグメントから、どれくらいの光が出射されるかを表す関数である。
routは、セグメントに光が照射されたときに、セグメントの反射率のうち、肌を介さずに直接、塗布物から発せられる反射率を表す。後述するように肌表面からの反射はないと仮定しているため、routは塗布物から反射される光のみを考慮しているといえる。
rinは、セグメントに肌の裏側から光が照射されたときに、セグメントから発せられる反射率を表す。routと同様に、塗布物から反射される(肌内部に向かう)光のみを考慮しているといえる。
toutは、セグメントの内部から外部に向かう透過率を表す。
tinは、セグメントの外部から内部に向かう透過率を表す。
これらは塗布物の塗布量で定まるため、塗布量をxとすると、rout(x)、rin(x)、tout(x)及びtin(x)と表される。
式(1)では、Ik(k,n)は各セグメントにおいて異なるものとして記述したが、簡略化のため、Ik(k,n)=m(n)m(k)I(k,n)と仮定する。ただし、I(k,n)は、セグメントkから入射した光がセグメントnで出射される比率を表したインパルス応答関数で、I(k,k’)は、下記式のように規格化されているものとする。
前述した計算モデルに従うと、R(n)は式(4)で表される。
ところで、式(12)の右辺第4項は、肌内部から表面に到達した光が、塗布物のドットに衝突して肌内部に反射された後、再び表面に到達し、表面から出射される量を表している。この第4項を省略して、第3項を書き換えると、式(15)のように表される。
図5は、本発明の第1の実施形態に係る塗布制御装置における動作を示すフローチャートである。以下、塗布制御装置の動作の各ステップについて順に説明する。
まず、外部の撮像装置(不図示)が撮像した化粧料を塗布する対象である肌の画像データを、CPU305が記憶装置308から取得し、RAM306に読み出す。肌の画像データは、記憶装置308に予め格納されている。肌の画像データは、例えば、I/F310を介して撮像装置やパーソナルコンピュータ等の外部機器から記憶装置308に格納されていてもよく、または、I/F310を介してインターネット上から記憶装置308に格納されていてもよい。また、肌の画像データを予め格納した記憶装置308としてのメモリカードを、塗布制御装置300が備えるメモリカードスロット(不図示)に装着して利用してもよい。CPU305が取得部を構成している。
以下の説明においては、輝度値に基づき塗布量を算出しているが、特定の波長領域(色成分)の信号を用いても良く、各色の値を用いても良い。したがって、バンドパスフィルタ等を用いて任意の可視領域の波長、好ましくは600nm以上の波長を選択してもよく、RGB信号から任意の信号、好ましくはR信号を選択してもよく、YUV信号から任意の信号、好ましくはY信号を選択してもよい。
次に、CPU305は取得した画像データを複数のセグメントに分割する。CPU305が分割部を構成している。
画像データは、セグメントの一辺が200μm以下、好ましくは20μm以上150μm以下となるように分割される。セグメントの一辺が200μm以下となるように分割することで、肉眼では判別が容易ではないレベルまで精密な塗布量分布を算出することができ、部分的な明るさの違いを自然に隠蔽することができる。また、150μm以下とすることで部分的な明るさの違いをより自然に隠蔽することができ、20μm以上とすることで後述する塗布量算出処理の処理負荷を低減することができる。
そして、CPU305が、分割されたN個のセグメントのそれぞれにおける値から、各々のセグメントに対応する肌の各部分に塗布する化粧料の塗布量を算出する。CPU305が算出部を構成している。また、塗布量の算出に用いるセグメントの値とは、セグメントが有する光学情報であって、輝度値であることが好ましい。
次に、第1の実施形態における具体的な化粧料の塗布量の算出について説明する。図7は本発明の第1の実施形態に係る塗布量算出のフローを示すフローチャートである。本実施形態における塗布量算出処理では、肌内反射ありの方法の計算モデル、すなわち前述した計算モデルに記載の式(12)および(13)を用いてCPU305が化粧料の塗布量の算出を行っている。
まず、図5のステップS2において分割されたN個のセグメントそれぞれに、CPU305がインパルス応答関数を設定する。インパルス応答関数は、N個のセグメントそれぞれに対応する肌の各部分間における光の拡散を表す。N個のセグメントの中の1つを対象セグメントとし、対象セグメント以外のセグメントを非対象セグメントとする。この場合、インパルス応答関数は、対象セグメントに対応する肌の対象部分に入射した光が、当該肌の対象部分の表面から出射する割合、または、非対象セグメントに対応する肌の非対象部分に入射した光が、肌の対象部分の表面から出射する割合を表す関数である。
次に、1~N番目のセグメントそれぞれからCPU305が輝度値を取得する。
さらに、式(5)および(6)を用いて1~N番目のセグメントそれぞれにCPU305が吸収係数m(k)を設定する。
そして、式(12)および(13)で表される内部反射ありの計算モデルにより、1~N番目のセグメントそれぞれに対応した肌の各部分に塗布する化粧料の塗布量をCPU305が算出し、塗布量算出処理(図5のステップS3)を終える。
(A)対象セグメントに対応する肌の対象部分の表面に向けて出射された光のうち、該肌の対象部分の表面から内部に透過せずに反射された成分。
(B)対象セグメントに対応する肌の対象部分の表面に向けて出射された光のうち、該肌の対象部分の表面から内部に透過した後に反射されて、当該肌の対象部分の表面から出射する成分。
(C)対象セグメント以外の非対象セグメントに対応する肌の非対象部分の表面に向けて出射された光のうち、該肌の非対象部分の表面から内部に透過した後に反射されて、肌の対象部分の表面から出射する成分。
ついで、第2の実施形態における具体的な化粧料の塗布量の算出について説明する。図8は本発明の第2の実施形態に係る塗布量算出のフローを示すフローチャートである。本実施形態における塗布量算出処理では、肌内反射なしの方法の計算モデル、すなわち前述した計算モデルに記載の式(16)および(17)を用いてCPU305が化粧料の塗布量の算出を行っている。
1~N番目のセグメントには、インパルス応答関数、輝度値、吸収係数m(k)がそれぞれ設定されている。CPU305は、式(16)および(17)で表される内部反射なしの計算モデルにより、1~N番目のセグメントそれぞれについての化粧料の塗布量を算出し、塗布量算出処理(図5のステップS3)を終える。
このステップS324における塗布量の算出について換言すると、第1の実施形態のステップS314(図7)における(C)に記載の成分を除いた光の反射拡散モデル(すなわち、上記(A)および(B)に記載の成分)に基づいて塗布量を算出したといえる。
さらに、第3の実施形態における具体的な化粧料の塗布量の算出について説明する。図9は本発明の第3の実施形態に係る塗布量算出のフローを示すフローチャートである。本実施形態における塗布量算出処理では、計算モデルに初期解を適用する方法、すなわち、前述した計算モデルに記載の式(14)を用いてCPU305が化粧料の塗布量の算出を行っている。
まず、CPU305がk=1を設定する。
次に、CPU305が、図5のステップS2において分割されたN個のセグメントのうちのk番目のセグメントから輝度値を取得する。
さらに、CPU305が式(14)で表される初期解を用いて、上述した計算モデルからk番目のセグメントについての化粧料の塗布量を算出する。
そして、CPU305がkの値に1を加算して、k=k+1とする。
しかる後に、CPU305がkとNとが等しいか否かを判定する。判定の結果、NOの場合は塗布量を算出していないセグメントが存在しているため、ステップS332に戻る。判定の結果、YESの場合はN個のセグメント全ての塗布量を算出したので、塗布量算出処理(図5のステップS3)を終える。
本発明の一実施形態に係るプログラムは、上記第1~第3の実施形態に記載の制御の各工程を、コンピュータに実行させるものである。プログラムの言語等に特に制限はなく、周知慣用されているものをいずれも用いることができる。
また、本発明の一実施形態に係る記録媒体は、上記プログラムを記録したコンピュータ読み取り可能な記録媒体である。記録媒体の種類等に特に制限はなく、周知慣用されているものをいずれも用いることができる。
(1)シミ肌モデル
肌は多層膜モデルとし、各層についての光学特性のパラメータに一般的な肌の値を設定した。シミは、12.8mm角の肌の中で、中央の6.4mm角部分をシミとした。反射率は、中央断面において100μm角のセグメント毎に算出した。セグメント毎の平均値として出すため、セグメント内(面積10,000μm2)内で計測された輝度16点の平均値を用いた。これをR(k)として以下の計算に用いる。
図10から明らかなように、シミが設定されて光の吸収が生じる中央部分では反射率が低下していることが確認できる。境界部分が直角形状にならずに緩やかな変化となっているのは、肌においても内部拡散の効果が表れていると考えられる。
次に、シミがない肌モデルを設定し、中央100μm角に入射角度ゼロ度で均一に光を照射し、周囲からゼロ度方向に出射される輝度を計測した。計測は、5.1mm×5.1mmの範囲で行い、100μm角のセグメント毎に平均化した。この範囲で、得られた輝度は合算で1になるように規格化した。図11は、シミがない肌モデルに光が照射されたときをシミュレーションして得られたインパルス応答関数を示すグラフである。
上記(1)で求めたシミ肌の反射率分布に基づき、式(5)および(6)を用いて非線形連立方程式として、m(k)の分布を求めた。また、初期解(式(7))を用いてm(k)の分布を求めた。12.8mm角においてセグメントを100μm角とした。連立方程式の数は、16384(=1282)個となる。
上記(3)で求めたm(k)に基づき、肌内反射ありの式(12)および(13)、肌内反射なしの式(16)および(17)から、化粧料の塗布量分布を求めた。また、計算モデルに初期解を適用した場合(式(14))についても、化粧料の塗布量分布を求めた。このとき、本実施形態では、化粧料の塗布後の反射率Rp(目標とする反射率)は、肌のすべての部分において一様に0.42と設定した。また、実施例1ではRpとの誤差が0.00001以下、実施例2ではRpとの誤差が0.0001以下になるまで計算したが(実施例3は初期解であるため誤差は生じない)、本発明はこれらに限られるものではない。例えば誤差を0.001以下に設定すれば過剰な処理負荷を要することなく良好な結果が得られる。
図13は、シミュレーションで得られたシミ肌モデルにおける化粧料の塗布量分布を示すグラフである。図13によれば、初期解(破線)に対して、肌内反射あり(太線)も、肌内反射なし(細線)も、どちらも塗布量が増加した。特に肌内反射なし(太線)の場合、その増加が大きかった。これは光がロスしていると仮定していることに起因していると考えられる。
次に、上記(4)で設定した肌モデルの表面に、塗布物による効果を導入した。塗布物は厚みがないものとして扱った。塗布エリアに入射した光のうち、表面反射は、双方向反射関数(Bidirectional Reflectance Distribution Function)に基づいた計算を行い、塗布物内に進入した光は、すべて完全散乱光として入射した位置から出射されるものとして扱った。
セグメント内の塗布物の面積比率を、式(14)の初期解で得られた塗布量分布、肌内反射ありの式(12)および(13)で得られた塗布量分布、肌内反射なしの式(16)および(17)で得られた塗布量分布でそれぞれ計算を行い、塗布後の反射率分布を示す。
次に、実施例3で得られた塗布量分布を、中央から外側に200μmずらした塗布量分布とし、これを肌モデルの表面に導入した以外は実施例3と同様にして、化粧料を塗布した後の反射率分布を得た。図15は、比較例1の反射率分布を示すグラフである。
図15から明らかなように、2箇所の大きなピーク(凸部)があらわれ、不自然な境界となることがわかった。
次に、実施例3で得られた塗布量分布を、中央に向かって内側に200μmずらした塗布量分布とし、これを肌モデルの表面に導入した以外は実施例3と同様にして、化粧料を塗布した後の反射率分布を得た。図16は、比較例2の反射率分布を示すグラフである。
図16から明らかなように、2箇所の大きなピーク(凹部)があらわれ、不自然な境界となることがわかった。
Claims (10)
- 肌の画像データを取得する取得部と、
前記画像データを200μm以下の複数のセグメントに分割する分割部と、
前記画像データの単一または複数のセグメントの値から、前記肌の各部分に塗布する化粧料の塗布量を算出する算出部と、
を備える、塗布制御装置。 - 前記複数のセグメントの中で隣り合うセグメントの中心間の距離が20μm以上150μm以下である、請求項1に記載の塗布制御装置。
- 前記算出部は、前記複数のセグメントそれぞれに対応する前記肌の各部分間における光の拡散を表すインパルス応答関数を用いて、前記画像データの複数のセグメントの値から、前記肌の各部分に塗布する化粧料の塗布量を算出する、請求項1または2に記載の塗布制御装置。
- 前記インパルス応答関数は、前記複数のセグメントの中の1つを対象セグメントとしたときに、
該対象セグメントに対応する前記肌の対象部分に入射した光が、当該肌の対象部分の表面から出射する割合、または、
前記対象セグメント以外の非対象セグメントに対応する前記肌の非対象部分に入射した光が、前記肌の対象部分の表面から出射する割合を表す、請求項3に記載の塗布制御装置。 - 前記算出部は、光の反射拡散モデルに基づいて前記化粧料の塗布量を算出し、
該反射拡散モデルにおいて、前記複数のセグメントの中の1つを対象セグメントとしたときに、該対象セグメントに対応する前記肌の対象部分で得られる光が、少なくとも、
前記対象セグメントに対応する前記肌の対象部分の表面に向けて出射された光のうち、該肌の対象部分の表面から内部に透過せずに反射された成分と、
前記対象セグメントに対応する前記肌の対象部分の表面に向けて出射された光のうち、該肌の対象部分の表面から内部に透過した後に反射されて、当該肌の対象部分の表面から出射する成分と、
前記対象セグメント以外の非対象セグメントに対応する前記肌の非対象部分の表面に向けて出射された光のうち、該肌の非対象部分の表面から内部に透過した後に反射されて、前記肌の対象部分の表面から出射する成分と、
を含む、請求項3または4に記載の塗布制御装置。 - 前記画像データが輝度値を含む、請求項1乃至5のいずれか1項に記載の塗布制御装置。
- 前記画像データを記憶する記憶部と、
前記算出部が算出した前記化粧料の塗布量に基づいて、前記肌に該化粧料を吐出して該化粧料の塗膜を形成する塗布ヘッドと、をさらに備え、
前記取得部は、前記記憶部から前記画像データを取得する、請求項1乃至6のいずれか1項に記載の塗布制御装置。 - 肌の画像データを取得する取得工程と、
前記画像データを200μm以下の複数のセグメントに分割する分割工程と、
前記画像データの単一または複数のセグメントの値から、前記肌の各部分に塗布する化粧料の塗布量を算出する算出工程と、
を備える、塗布制御方法。 - 肌の画像データを取得する取得処理と、
前記画像データを200μm以下の複数のセグメントに分割する分割処理と、
前記画像データの単一または複数のセグメントの値から前記肌の各部分に塗布する化粧料の塗布量を算出する算出処理と、
をコンピュータに実行させるためのプログラム。 - 請求項9に記載のプログラムを記録した、コンピュータ読み取り可能な記録媒体。
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US (1) | US11501456B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP3560376B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP7051712B2 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR102528866B1 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN110177486B (ja) |
TW (1) | TW201828861A (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2018117020A1 (ja) |
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WO2021034618A1 (en) * | 2019-08-16 | 2021-02-25 | Johnson & Johnson Consumer Inc. | Device and method for application of cosmetic compositions through a grated end effector |
WO2021131852A1 (ja) * | 2019-12-26 | 2021-07-01 | 株式会社資生堂 | 化粧支援装置、化粧支援方法、化粧支援プログラム、及び化粧支援システム |
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KR20210100907A (ko) * | 2020-02-07 | 2021-08-18 | (주)우리아이들플러스 | 피부 도포량 산출 방법 |
WO2022263622A2 (en) * | 2021-06-18 | 2022-12-22 | Merz Pharma (Schweiz) Ag | Application compliance device |
WO2024094589A1 (en) * | 2022-10-31 | 2024-05-10 | L'oreal | Visual assistance for precise beauty tool positioning and self application at home |
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- 2017-12-18 WO PCT/JP2017/045299 patent/WO2018117020A1/ja unknown
- 2017-12-18 US US16/470,327 patent/US11501456B2/en active Active
- 2017-12-18 CN CN201780083270.5A patent/CN110177486B/zh active Active
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Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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WO2021034618A1 (en) * | 2019-08-16 | 2021-02-25 | Johnson & Johnson Consumer Inc. | Device and method for application of cosmetic compositions through a grated end effector |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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EP3560376A1 (en) | 2019-10-30 |
JPWO2018117020A1 (ja) | 2019-10-24 |
US11501456B2 (en) | 2022-11-15 |
CN110177486A (zh) | 2019-08-27 |
JP7051712B2 (ja) | 2022-04-11 |
EP3560376A4 (en) | 2020-07-15 |
CN110177486B (zh) | 2022-04-08 |
EP3560376B1 (en) | 2021-08-18 |
TW201828861A (zh) | 2018-08-16 |
KR20190099227A (ko) | 2019-08-26 |
KR102528866B1 (ko) | 2023-05-04 |
US20190318489A1 (en) | 2019-10-17 |
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