WO2018108060A1 - 一种车辆解锁方法、锁定解锁装置、车辆及车辆系统 - Google Patents

一种车辆解锁方法、锁定解锁装置、车辆及车辆系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018108060A1
WO2018108060A1 PCT/CN2017/115549 CN2017115549W WO2018108060A1 WO 2018108060 A1 WO2018108060 A1 WO 2018108060A1 CN 2017115549 W CN2017115549 W CN 2017115549W WO 2018108060 A1 WO2018108060 A1 WO 2018108060A1
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Prior art keywords
vehicle
password
unlocking
user
module
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PCT/CN2017/115549
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English (en)
French (fr)
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余仁植
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余仁植
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07C—TIME OR ATTENDANCE REGISTERS; REGISTERING OR INDICATING THE WORKING OF MACHINES; GENERATING RANDOM NUMBERS; VOTING OR LOTTERY APPARATUS; ARRANGEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS FOR CHECKING NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • G07C9/00—Individual registration on entry or exit
    • G07C9/00174—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys
    • G07C9/00309—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys operated with bidirectional data transmission between data carrier and locks
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07C—TIME OR ATTENDANCE REGISTERS; REGISTERING OR INDICATING THE WORKING OF MACHINES; GENERATING RANDOM NUMBERS; VOTING OR LOTTERY APPARATUS; ARRANGEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS FOR CHECKING NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • G07C9/00—Individual registration on entry or exit
    • G07C9/00174—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L63/00—Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security
    • H04L63/08—Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security for authentication of entities
    • H04L63/083—Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security for authentication of entities using passwords
    • H04L63/0838—Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security for authentication of entities using passwords using one-time-passwords
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07C—TIME OR ATTENDANCE REGISTERS; REGISTERING OR INDICATING THE WORKING OF MACHINES; GENERATING RANDOM NUMBERS; VOTING OR LOTTERY APPARATUS; ARRANGEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS FOR CHECKING NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • G07C9/00—Individual registration on entry or exit
    • G07C9/00174—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys
    • G07C9/00309—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys operated with bidirectional data transmission between data carrier and locks
    • G07C2009/00412—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys operated with bidirectional data transmission between data carrier and locks the transmitted data signal being encrypted

Definitions

  • Embodiments of the present invention relate to the field of vehicle lock manufacturing, the field of vehicle manufacturing, and the field of vehicle systems.
  • the background management system controls the vehicle (when there is no pile) or the pile of the vehicle (when there is a pile) to unlock in real time, which means that the vehicle or the pile should be kept in a network state for a long time; Obviously there are problems such as high cost and limited location of piles; for bicycles without a pile, there is no way to ensure that every time you stop, you can connect to the mobile operator.
  • the network or wifi is connected to pay, but the wireless carrier corresponding to the bicycle may not work and cannot work.
  • Another type that uses offline mode does not require bicycle networking online.
  • the bicycle has an unlocking password set in advance.
  • the background server informs the user of the unlocking password of the bicycle, and the user unlocks the bicycle with the unlocking password.
  • the problem is that the leakage of the password leaves the vehicle in an insecure state because its unlocking password is fixed and all people who have rented the car know their password. It can be seen that in the process of using and managing the vehicle, there are problems such as complicated management system, high cost, poor stability, and insufficient security.
  • the embodiment of the invention provides a vehicle unlocking method, a locking and unlocking device, a vehicle and a vehicle system, which are solved to solve the problems raised in the above background art.
  • the present invention provides the following technical solutions.
  • a method of unlocking a vehicle the steps are as follows:
  • a one-time password list is pre-stored on the vehicle, and the list contains multiple passwords;
  • the step acquires a password input by a user
  • the specific method is one or a combination of the following:
  • NFC Near Field Communication
  • the method further includes: if it is determined that the password input by the user is invalid according to the pre-stored one-time password list, the vehicle prompts the password error, and the number of statistical errors; if the number of statistical errors reaches a preset threshold The vehicle will temporarily turn off the password unlocking function for a period of time, and the length of the closing time will become longer as the number of counted password errors increases.
  • the vehicle is a bicycle, an electric vehicle, a moped, a motorcycle, a car, a passenger car or a truck.
  • a vehicle locking and unlocking device for locking or unlocking a vehicle, comprising a one-time password management module, an input module, and a lock unlocking module, wherein:
  • a one-time password management module for storing a list containing a plurality of one-time passwords, verifying whether the one-time password is valid, and marking the valid password just entered as invalid;
  • the unlocking module is used to lock the vehicle and unlock after determining that the password input by the user is valid.
  • the input module comprises one or more of a button, a touch screen, a voice recognition component, a Bluetooth component, a Near Field Communication (NFC) component, and a two-dimensional code recognition component for acquiring user input. password.
  • a button e.g., a button, a touch screen, a voice recognition component, a Bluetooth component, a Near Field Communication (NFC) component, and a two-dimensional code recognition component for acquiring user input. password.
  • NFC Near Field Communication
  • the vehicle locking and unlocking device further comprises: one or more of a display module, a positioning module, and a vehicle motion stationary detection module, wherein:
  • a display module for displaying information and interacting with the user
  • a positioning module configured to acquire geographic location information of the vehicle
  • the vehicle motion static detection module is configured to determine that the vehicle is in a moving or stationary state; and is configured to notify the lock unlocking module to lock the vehicle if it is detected that the vehicle is in a stationary state for a time exceeding a preset threshold.
  • the vehicle is a bicycle, an electric vehicle, a moped, a motorcycle, a car, a passenger car or a truck.
  • a vehicle comprising a vehicle body, the vehicle body being mounted with a vehicle locking and unlocking device as described above.
  • the vehicle is a bicycle, an electric vehicle, a moped, a motorcycle, a car, a passenger car or a truck.
  • a vehicle system comprising a vehicle, a background service management system, a client as described above; wherein:
  • the number of vehicles is one or more vehicles. If there are multiple vehicles, the vehicle number identification is set on each vehicle, wherein the vehicle number is unique within the system;
  • a background service management system comprising a one-time password background module, wherein the one-time password background module is configured to generate a list comprising a plurality of one-time passwords, the list will be pre-stored to the vehicle, and the list itself continues to be maintained.
  • the one-time password background module is further configured to find a valid password from the password list to the user according to the user request, and mark the password as invalid after being sent;
  • the client is used to issue an unlock password to the user.
  • the background service management system further comprises: a user background module and/or an online payment system; wherein the user background module is used to manage the user; and the online payment system is used to provide a payment path on demand.
  • the invention has the beneficial effects that the invention does not require the vehicle to be online, does not require the back-end server to control the vehicle in real time, does not need to carry the vehicle key, and can unlock the password when the vehicle is parked anywhere;
  • the password is a one-time feature, that is, each unlock is a different password, which ensures security. Therefore, according to the technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention, the method, device, product and system have the advantages of simple deployment, low cost, safety and reliability.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method for unlocking a vehicle according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a vehicle locking and unlocking device according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a vehicle according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a vehicle system according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic flow chart of a vehicle system according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention.
  • a vehicle unlocking method including the following steps.
  • Step S100 A one-time password list is pre-stored on the vehicle, and the list includes a plurality of passwords.
  • a valid one-time password list needs to be pre-stored on the vehicle.
  • the number of one-time passwords can be large and can be used for a long time. For example, for shared bicycles, assuming 5 times a day, which requires 5 passwords, 3650 passwords can be used for two years.
  • Step S110 Acquire a password input by the user.
  • an input unit is mounted on the vehicle; the input unit is configured to receive numeric or character information input by the user, and generate an instruction input related to user setting and function control. If the vehicle receives the vehicle unlocking command, the corresponding vehicle unlocking password input function can be activated, and the user can perform the input unlocking password operation.
  • the password input completion option is provided during the vehicle unlock password input process, and when the vehicle detects the user selection password input completion option, the user is confirmed to enter the password end.
  • the length of the vehicle unlocking password is a preset fixed value, and when the vehicle detects that the number of password characters input by the user reaches the preset value is fixed, it is confirmed that the user inputs the password end.
  • the step acquires a password input by a user
  • the specific method is one or a combination of the following:
  • NFC Near Field Communication
  • Step S130 Determine whether the password input by the user is valid.
  • step S170 and step S180 are performed. Determining that the password is valid means that the password appears on the pre-stored one-time password list and has not been used. Invalid password means that the password is not on the pre-stored one-time password list or on the pre-stored one-time password list but has been used.
  • Step S140 Unlock the vehicle.
  • the vehicle is unlocked for use by the user.
  • Step S160 Marking the password just entered as invalid, preventing reuse, and embodying the one-time feature.
  • a valid password is marked as invalid.
  • the specific method is: there is a flag on the one-time password list to record whether each password has been used, and the initial value is no. When a password is input, If the flag is changed to Yes, the next judgment will be invalid.
  • the password is directly deleted from the one-time password list, and a valid one can also be used. The password is marked as invalid.
  • Step S170 The unlock password invalidation prompt.
  • the vehicle if the password is found to be invalid in step S130, the vehicle prompts a password error.
  • the vehicle can re-enable the password unlocking function when receiving the command to unlock the password input by the user, and count the number of times the user enters the password incorrectly.
  • Step S180 Temporarily turn off the password unlocking function when the number of errors reaches the preset threshold.
  • the vehicle when the number of statistics reaches a preset threshold, the vehicle temporarily turns off the password unlocking function for a period of time, and the length of the closing time becomes longer as the number of counted password errors increases.
  • the vehicle is a bicycle, an electric vehicle, a moped, a motorcycle, a car, a passenger car or a truck.
  • the embodiment of the present invention further provides a vehicle lock unlocking device 200, including a one-time password management module 210, an input module 220, and a lock unlocking module 230, wherein:
  • the one-time password management module 210 is configured to pre-store a list including multiple one-time passwords, verify whether the one-time password is valid, and mark the valid password just entered as invalid;
  • the input module 220 is configured to obtain a password input by the user
  • the unlocking module 230 is configured to lock the vehicle and unlock the vehicle after determining that the password input by the user is valid.
  • the one-time password management module 210 is configured to pre-store a list containing a plurality of one-time passwords. Considering that the current memory cost has been greatly reduced, the number of one-time passwords can be large and can be used for a long time. For example, for shared bicycles, assuming 5 times a day, which requires 5 passwords, 3650 passwords can be used for two years.
  • the module is also configured to verify that the one-time password is valid. Determining that the password is valid means that the password appears on the pre-stored one-time password list and has not been used. Invalid password means that the password is not on the pre-stored one-time password list or on the pre-stored one-time password list but has been used.
  • the module is also configured to mark the valid password just entered as invalid.
  • the specific method is: there is a flag on the one-time password list to record whether each password has been used, the initial value is no, when a password is entered, its flag is If yes, the next judgment will be invalid.
  • the password is directly deleted from the one-time password list, and a valid password can also be marked as invalid.
  • the unlocking method of the vehicle locking and unlocking device 200 of the embodiment is as follows: the password input by the user is obtained through the input module 220, and then the password input by the user is determined according to the pre-stored one-time password list. Whether it is valid, if the password is valid, it will be unlocked, and the valid password just entered will be marked as invalid, preventing reuse, which reflects the one-time feature. If the password is invalid, the vehicle prompts for a password error and counts the number of errors. If statistics The number of errors reaches the preset threshold, the vehicle will temporarily turn off the password unlocking function for a period of time, and the length of the closing time will become longer as the number of cryptographic errors counted increases.
  • the input module 220 includes one or more of a button, a touch screen, a voice recognition component, a Bluetooth component, a Near Field Communication (NFC) component, and a two-dimensional code recognition component for acquiring user input. Password.
  • a button e.g., a button, a touch screen, a voice recognition component, a Bluetooth component, a Near Field Communication (NFC) component, and a two-dimensional code recognition component for acquiring user input.
  • NFC Near Field Communication
  • the vehicle locking and unlocking device further comprises: one or more of a display module 240, a positioning module 250, and a vehicle motion stationary detection module 260, wherein:
  • the display module 240 is configured to display information and interact with the user
  • a positioning module 250 configured to acquire geographic location information
  • the vehicle motion stationary detection module 260 is configured to determine that the vehicle is in a moving or stationary state; and is configured to notify the lock unlocking module 230 to lock the vehicle if it is detected that the vehicle is in a stationary state for more than a preset threshold.
  • the vehicle is a bicycle, an electric vehicle, a moped, a motorcycle, a car, a passenger car or a truck.
  • an embodiment of the present invention further provides a vehicle including a vehicle body, and the vehicle body is mounted with the above-described vehicle locking and unlocking device.
  • the vehicle is a bicycle, an electric vehicle, a moped, a motorcycle, a car, a passenger car or a truck.
  • an embodiment of the present invention further provides a vehicle system, including the above-described vehicle 300, a background service management system 400, and a client 450, wherein:
  • the number of vehicles is one or more vehicles. If there are multiple vehicles, the vehicle number identifier 390 is set on each vehicle, wherein the vehicle number is unique within the system;
  • the background service management system 400 includes a one-time password background module 410, the one-time The password background module 410 is configured to generate a list including a plurality of one-time passwords, the list will be pre-stored to the vehicle 300 while continuing to maintain the list itself, and the one-time password background module 410 is further configured to Find a valid password in the password list to the user, and mark the password as invalid after sending it;
  • the client 450 is configured to issue an unlock password to the user.
  • the background service management system 400 further includes: a user background module 420 and/or an online payment system 430; wherein the user background module 420 is used to manage users; and the online payment system 430 is used to provide payment channels on demand.
  • the vehicle is a bicycle, an electric vehicle, a moped, a motorcycle, a car, a passenger car or a truck.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic flowchart of the vehicle system, including the following steps.
  • Step S500 The background service management system generates a list including a plurality of one-time passwords.
  • the one-time password background module 410 in the background service management system 400 generates a batch of one-time passwords for each vehicle. Considering that the current memory cost has been greatly reduced, the number of one-time passwords can be large and can be used for a long time. For example, for shared bicycles, assuming 5 times a day, which requires 5 passwords, 3650 passwords can be used for two years. Even after step S510, the one-time password background module 410 will always maintain the password list, and if there are multiple vehicles in the system, the vehicle number and password list are required to be in one-to-one correspondence.
  • Step S510 The one-time password list is pre-stored to the vehicle.
  • the password list is generated in the previous step S500, it is saved to the vehicle. If there are multiple vehicles in the system, the vehicle number and the password list are required to be in one-to-one correspondence. This step is executed once during the first initialization. After a long time, the one-time password background module 410 in the background service management system 400 finds that most of the passwords on the list are used, and it is necessary to perform this step again.
  • the vehicle 300 and the background service management system 400 may be directly connected to each other, or may be an intermediate medium, which may be a laptop computer, a mobile storage device, a mobile intelligent terminal, or a special tool, etc., and the one-time password list is saved to the vehicle 300.
  • the one-time password management module 210 may be directly connected to each other, or may be an intermediate medium, which may be a laptop computer, a mobile storage device, a mobile intelligent terminal, or a special tool, etc.
  • Step S520 The client 450 cooperates with the user background module 420 to check the legitimacy of the user.
  • the client 450 cooperates with the user backend module 420 to verify the user first to ensure that the user is legally accessed.
  • Step S550 The background service management system identifies that it is invalid after sending the unlock password.
  • the one-time password background module 410 in the background service management system 400 finds the one-time password list corresponding to the vehicle, and then provides a valid password from the system.
  • the client 450 sends it to the user. After that, it is invalid to identify the password, which means that the password will not be taken to the user again next time. Determining that the password is valid means that the password appears on the pre-stored one-time password list and has not been used. Invalid password means that the password is not on the pre-stored one-time password list or on the pre-stored one-time password list but has been used.
  • the specific method is: there is a flag on the one-time password list to record whether each password has been used, the initial value is no, when a password is entered, its flag is If yes, the next judgment will be invalid.
  • the password is directly deleted from the one-time password list, and a valid password can also be marked as invalid.
  • step S560 the invalidation here only means that the one-time password background module 410 in the background service management system 400 marks the password as invalid, irrespective of the one-time password management module 210 on the vehicle 300.
  • the latter is detailed in step S560.
  • Step S560 After the vehicle acquires the unlock password input by the user, the vehicle unlocks and the password is invalid.
  • the vehicle 300 acquires the unlock password input by the user through the input module 220.
  • the one-time password management module 210 on the vehicle 300 determines that it is valid, and the lock unlocking module 230 unlocks the vehicle to the user; and the one-time password management module 210 will just The entered password is marked as invalid, preventing reuse, reflecting a one-time feature.
  • Want to have one The valid password is invalid.
  • the specific method is: there is a flag on the one-time password list to record whether each password has been used. The initial value is no. When a password is entered, change its flag to yes. , the next judgment is invalid.
  • the password is directly deleted from the one-time password list, and a valid password can also be marked as invalid.
  • Step S570 The online payment system completes the payment of the fee as needed.
  • the fee payment is completed by the online payment system 430.
  • the online payment system 430 For some situations, such as personal use vehicle systems, free use systems for specific users, etc., no user fees are required.

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Abstract

一种车辆解锁方法、锁定解锁装置（200）、车辆（300）及车辆系统，方法为：车辆（300）上预存着一次性密码列表，该列表包含多个密码（S100）；然后获取用户输入的密码（S110）；再根据预存的一次性密码列表判断用户输入的密码是否有效（S130），若密码有效则解锁车辆（300）（S140），并且使刚才输入的密码标为无效，防止再次使用，体现了一次性的特点（S160）。将该解锁方法及锁定解锁装置（200）应用于车辆系统中，则不要求车辆（300）联网在线，不需要后端服务器实时控制车辆（300）、不需要携带车钥匙，车辆（300）停在任何地方都能实现密码解锁；同时，密码为一次性的特点，即每次解锁都是不一样的密码，保证了安全。因此该解锁方法、锁定解锁装置（200）、车辆（300）及车辆系统具有部署简单，成本低，安全可靠等优点。

Description

一种车辆解锁方法、锁定解锁装置、车辆及车辆系统 技术领域
本发明实施例涉及车辆锁具制造领域、车辆制造领域及车辆系统领域。
背景技术
现代大多数人都会需要用车。先讨论个人自用车，基本上都需要携带车钥匙，这必然导致车钥匙保管问题及其可能丢失所造成的各种问题。再讨论当前社会非常普及的各种车辆自助租赁系统，比较典型的是轿车自助租赁和共享单车。其中共享单车，包括政府主导的共享自行车项目和新出现的大量的共享单车出行领域商业公司，整个社会上已经投放了大量的用于自助租赁的自行车。因此怎样既控制成本又能让用户方便使用且稳定性高，就显得尤其重要。现有技术中的车辆自助租赁系统复杂、稳定性差、不够安全。以共享单车为例，按控制自行车解锁方式来分，主要有两种方式。一种是采用在线联网控制的方法，后台管理系统实时控制着车辆(无桩时)或车桩(有桩时)解锁，这意味着车辆或车桩要一直保持联网状态；对于有桩的，显然存在着成本过高、车桩选址受限等问题；对于无桩的，自行车作为移动工具，没法保证每次所停之处能联网，就会碰到用户手机能连接其移动运营商网络或连接wifi来支付，但自行车所对应的无线运营商可能没信号而无法工作的情况。另外一种采用离线方式的，不要求自行车联网在线。自行车事先设置了一个解锁密码，用户需要租车时，由后台服务器告知用户该自行车的解锁密码，用户凭解锁密码解开自行车。存在的问题是密码的泄漏让车辆处于不安全境地，因为其解锁密码是固定的，所有曾经租过该车的人都知道其密码。由此可见，目前在对车辆进行使用、管理的过程中，存在管理系统复杂，成本高，稳定性差，不够安全等问题。
发明内容
本发明实施例提供一种车辆解锁方法、锁定解锁装置、车辆及车辆系统，用以解决以解决上述背景技术中提出的问题。
为实现上述目的，本发明提供以下的技术方案。
1.一种车辆解锁方法，步骤如下：
车辆上预存着一次性密码列表，该列表包含多个密码；
获取用户输入的密码；
根据预存的一次性密码列表判断用户输入的密码是否有效，若密码有效则分别执行下面步骤；解锁车辆；
使刚才输入的密码标为无效，防止再次使用，体现了一次性的特点。
优选地，所述步骤获取用户输入的密码，具体方法为以下中的一种或多种组合：
通过按键输入；
通过触摸屏输入；
通过语言识别获取；
通过蓝牙连接获取；
通过近场通信(Near Field Communication,NFC)获取；
通过扫二维码获取。
优选地，所述方法还包括：若根据预存的一次性密码列表判断用户输入的密码为无效时，则所述车辆提示密码错误，以及统计错误次数；若统计的错误次数达到预设门限值，所述车辆将暂时关闭密码解锁功能一段时间，并且关闭时间长度会随着所统计的密码错误的次数增多而变长。
优选地，所述车辆为自行车、电动车、助动车、摩托车、小轿车、客车或货车。
2.一种车辆锁定解锁装置，用于锁定或解锁车辆，包括一次性密码管理模块、输入模块、锁定解锁模块，其中：
一次性密码管理模块，用于储存包含多个一次性密码的列表、校验一次性密码是否有效、将刚输入的有效密码标为无效；
输入模块，用于获取用户输入密码；
锁定解锁模块，用于锁定车辆、在判断用户输入的密码有效后解锁。
优选地，所述的输入模块包括按键、触摸屏、语音识别元件、蓝牙元件、近场通信(Near Field Communication,NFC)元件、二维码识别元件中的一个或多个，用于获取用户输入的密码。
优选地，所述车辆锁定解锁装置还包括：显示模块、定位模块、车辆运动静止检测模块中的一种或多种，其中：
显示模块，用于显示信息与用户交互；
定位模块，用于获取所述车辆的地理位置信息；
车辆运动静止检测模块，用于判断车辆是处于运动或静止的状态；被设置为：若检测到所述车辆处于静止状态时间超过预设的阀值，则通知锁定解锁模块去锁定车辆。
优选地，所述车辆为自行车、电动车、助动车、摩托车、小轿车、客车或货车。
3.一种车辆，包括车辆本体，所述车辆本体安装有如上所述的车辆锁定解锁装置。
优选地，所述车辆为自行车、电动车、助动车、摩托车、小轿车、客车或货车。
4.一种车辆系统，包括如上所述的车辆、后台服务管理系统、用户端；其中：
车辆数量为一辆或多辆，若为多辆则在各车辆上设置车号标识，其中车号为系统内唯一；
后台服务管理系统，包括一次性密码后台模块，所述一次性密码后台模块用于产生包含多个一次性密码的列表，该列表将会预存到上述车辆，同时自身还继续维护着该列表，所述一次性密码后台模块还用于根据用户要求从密码列表中找出有效密码给用户，并在发送后使该密码标为无效；
用户端，用于将解锁密码发放给用户。
优选地，所述后台服务管理系统还包括：用户后台模块和/或在线支付系统；其中，用户后台模块用于管理用户；在线支付系统用于按需提供支付途径。
与现有技术相比，本发明的有益效果是：本发明不要求车辆联网在线，不需要后端服务器实时控制车辆、不需要携带车钥匙，车辆停在任何地方都能实现密码解锁；同时，密码为一次性的特点，即每次解锁都是不一样的密码，保证了安全。因此，采用本发明实施例技术方案，所述的方法、装置、产品及系统具有部署简单，成本低，安全可靠等优点。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例的技术方案，下面将对实施例描述中所需要使用的附图作一简单地介绍。显而易见地，下面描述中的附图是本发明的一些实施例，仅用于示出优选实施方式的目的，而并不认为是对本发明的限制。在附图中：
图1为本发明实施例一的车辆解锁方法的流程示意图；
图2为本发明实施例二的车辆锁定解锁装置的组成示意图；
图3为本发明实施例三的车辆的组成示意图；
图4为本发明实施例四的车辆系统的组成示意图；
图5为本发明实施例四的车辆系统的流程示意图。
具体实施方式
为使本发明实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
1.实施例一。
如图1所示，本发明实施例中，提供一种车辆解锁方法，包括以下的步骤。
步骤S100：车辆上预存着一次性密码列表，该列表包含多个密码。
具体地，车辆上需要预存着有效的一次性密码列表，考虑到当前存储器成本已大幅降低，一次性密码的数量可以很大，可以够用很长一段时间。举个例子，对于共享单车来说，假设平均每天用5次，即需要5个密码，那3650个密码就能用两年了。
步骤S110：获取用户输入的密码。
具体地，车辆上安装有输入单元；所述输入单元用于接收用户输入的数字或字符信息，以及产生与用户设置以及功能控制有关的指令输入。车辆若接收到车辆解锁指令，即可启动相应的车辆解锁密码输入功能，用户即可执行输入解锁密码操作。
优选地，车辆解锁密码输入过程中提供密码输入完毕选项，当车辆检测到用户选择密码输入完毕选项时，即确认用户输入密码结束。
优选地，车辆解锁密码的长度为预设固定值，当车辆检测到用户输入的密码字符数目达到该预设值固定时，即确认用户输入密码结束。
优选地，所述步骤获取用户输入的密码，具体方法为以下中的一种或多种组合：
通过按键输入；
通过触摸屏输入；
通过语言识别获取；
通过蓝牙连接获取；
通过近场通信(Near Field Communication,NFC)获取；
通过扫二维码获取。
步骤S130：判断用户输入的密码是否有效。
具体地，根据预存的一次性密码列表判断用户输入的密码是否有效，若密码有效则分别执行以下步骤140和步骤160。优选地，若密码无效则执行步骤S170和步骤S180。判定密码有效是指：该密码出现在预存的一次性密码列表上，并且未被用过。判定密码无效是指：该密码不在预存的一次性密码列表上，或者在预存的一次性密码列表上但曾被用过。
步骤S140：解锁车辆。
具体地，若判断用户输入的密码有效，车辆则解锁给用户使用。
步骤S160：使刚才输入的密码标为无效，防止再次使用，体现了一次性的特点。
具体地，要将一个有效的密码标为无效，具体方法为：在一次性密码列表上有个标志位记录各个密码是否已被用过，初始值都为否，当一密码被输入后，将其标志位改为是，则下次判断就为无效。可选地，直接将该密码从一次性密码列表上删除，也可以将一个有效的 密码标为无效。
步骤S170：解锁密码无效提示。
具体地，若在步骤S130发现密码无效，则所述车辆提示密码错误。车辆可以在接收到用户输入的开启密码解锁功能指令时，重新开启密码解锁功能，以及统计用户输入密码错误的次数。
步骤S180：当出错次数达到预设门限值时，暂时关闭密码解锁功能。
具体地，当统计的次数达到预设门限值时，所述车辆将暂时关闭密码解锁功能一段时间，并且关闭时间长度会随着所统计的密码错误的次数增多而变长。
优选地，所述车辆为自行车、电动车、助动车、摩托车、小轿车、客车或货车。
2.实施例二。
基于上述技术方案，如图2所示，本发明实施例还提供一种车辆锁定解锁装置200，包括一次性密码管理模块210、输入模块220、锁定解锁模块230，其中：
一次性密码管理模块210，用于预存包含多个一次性密码的列表、校验一次性密码是否有效、将刚输入的有效密码标为无效；
输入模块220，用于获取用户输入密码；
锁定解锁模块230，用于锁定车辆、在判断用户输入的密码有效后解锁所述车辆。
具体地，一次性密码管理模块210被配置为：预存着包含多个一次性密码的列表，考虑到当前存储器成本已大幅降低，一次性密码的数量可以很大，可以够用很长一段时间。举个例子，对于共享单车来说，假设平均每天用5次，即需要5个密码，那3650个密码就能用两年了。同时，该模块还被配置为：能校验一次性密码是否有效。判定密码有效是指：该密码出现在预存的一次性密码列表上，并且未被用过。判定密码无效是指：该密码不在预存的一次性密码列表上，或者在预存的一次性密码列表上但曾被用过。另外，该模块还被配置为：能将刚输入的有效密码标为无效。要将一个有效的密码标为无效，具体方法为：在一次性密码列表上有个标志位记录各个密码是否已被用过，初始值都为否，当一密码被输入后，将其标志位改为是，则下次判断就为无效。可选地，直接将该密码从一次性密码列表上删除，也可以将一个有效的密码标为无效。
类似实施例一所述的车辆解锁方法，本实施例的所述车辆锁定解锁装置200的解锁方法为：通过输入模块220获取用户输入的密码，然后根据预存的一次性密码列表判断用户输入的密码是否有效，若密码有效则解锁，并且将刚输入的有效密码标为无效，防止再次使用，体现了一次性的特点。若密码无效，则所述车辆提示密码错误，以及统计错误次数。若统计 的错误次数达到预设门限值，所述车辆将暂时关闭密码解锁功能一段时间，并且关闭时间长度会随着所统计的密码错误的次数增多而变长。
优选地，所述的输入模块220包括按键、触摸屏、语音识别元件、蓝牙元件、近场通信(Near Field Communication,NFC)元件、二维码识别元件中的一个或多个，用于获取用户输入的密码。
优选地，所述车辆锁定解锁装置还包括：显示模块240、定位模块250、车辆运动静止检测模块260中的一种或多种，其中：
显示模块240，用于显示信息与用户交互；
定位模块250，用于获取地理位置信息；
车辆运动静止检测模块260，用于判断车辆是处于运动或静止的状态；被设置为：若检测到所述车辆处于静止状态时间超过预设的阀值，则通知锁定解锁模块230去锁定车辆。
优选地，所述车辆为自行车、电动车、助动车、摩托车、小轿车、客车或货车。
3.实施例三。
基于上述技术方案，如图3所示，本发明实施例还提供一种车辆，包括车辆本体，所述车辆本体安装有上述的车辆锁定解锁装置。
优选地，所述车辆为自行车、电动车、助动车、摩托车、小轿车、客车或货车。
4.实施例四。
基于上述技术方案，如图4所示，本发明实施例还提供一种车辆系统，包括以上所述车辆300，后台服务管理系统400，用户端450，其中：
车辆数量为一辆或多辆，若为多辆则在各车辆上设置车号标识390，其中车号为系统内唯一；后台服务管理系统400，包括一次性密码后台模块410，所述一次性密码后台模块410用于产生包含多个一次性密码的列表，该列表将会预存到上述车辆300，同时自身还继续维护着该列表，所述一次性密码后台模块410还用于根据用户要求从密码列表中找出有效密码给用户，并在发送后使该密码标为无效；
用户端450，用于将解锁密码发放给用户。
优选地，所述后台服务管理系统400还包括：用户后台模块420和/或在线支付系统430；其中，用户后台模块420用于管理用户；在线支付系统430用于按需提供支付途径。
优选地，所述车辆为自行车、电动车、助动车、摩托车、小轿车、客车或货车。
本发明实施例中，图5为所述车辆系统的流程示意图，包括以下的步骤。
步骤S500：后台服务管理系统产生包含多个一次性密码的列表。
具体地，后台服务管理系统400中一次性密码后台模块410为每辆车辆产生一批一次性密码。考虑到当前存储器成本已大幅降低，一次性密码的数量可以很大，可以够用很长一段时间。举个例子，对于共享单车来说，假设平均每天用5次，即需要5个密码，那3650个密码就能用两年了。即使在步骤S510之后，一次性密码后台模块410将一直维护着密码列表，若系统内有多辆车的话还要求车号和密码列表一一对应。
步骤S510：一次性密码列表预存到车辆。
具体地，上个步骤S500产生密码列表后，要将其保存到车辆上，若系统内有多辆车的话还要求车号和密码列表一一对应。本步骤在第一次初始化的时候执行一次，然后很长时间后后台服务管理系统400中一次性密码后台模块410发现该列表上的密码大部分都用掉了，才有必要再执行本步骤。可以将车辆300和后台服务管理系统400直接连接一下，也可以通过中间媒介，该中间媒介可以是手提电脑、移动储存设备、移动智能终端或者专用工具等，将一次性密码列表保存到车辆300上的一次性密码管理模块210中。
步骤S520：用户端450联合用户后台模块420检验用户合法性。
优选地，用户端450联合用户后台模块420先校验用户，以确保用户合法访问。
步骤S550：后台服务管理系统发送解锁密码后标识其为无效。
具体地，根据用户要求，若系统内有多辆车的话要提供车号，后台服务管理系统400中一次性密码后台模块410找到该车对应的一次性密码列表，然后从中提供一个有效密码，通过用户端450发送给用户。之后，标识该密码为无效，也就是说下次就不会再取该密码给用户了。判定密码有效是指：该密码出现在预存的一次性密码列表上，并且未被用过。判定密码无效是指：该密码不在预存的一次性密码列表上，或者在预存的一次性密码列表上但曾被用过。要将一个有效的密码标为无效，具体方法为：在一次性密码列表上有个标志位记录各个密码是否已被用过，初始值都为否，当一密码被输入后，将其标志位改为是，则下次判断就为无效。可选地，直接将该密码从一次性密码列表上删除，也可以将一个有效的密码标为无效。
注意，这里标为无效仅指后台服务管理系统400中一次性密码后台模块410将该密码标为无效，和车辆300上的一次性密码管理模块210无关，后者详见步骤S560。
步骤S560：车辆获取到用户输入的解锁密码后解锁并标密码为无效。
具体地，车辆300通过输入模块220获取用户输入的解锁密码，显然车辆300上的一次性密码管理模块210判断为有效，锁定解锁模块230会解锁车辆给用户；同时一次性密码管理模块210将刚输入的密码标为无效，防止再次使用，体现了一次性的特点。要将一个有 效的密码标为无效，具体方法为：在一次性密码列表上有个标志位记录各个密码是否已被用过，初始值都为否，当一密码被输入后，将其标志位改为是，则下次判断就为无效。可选地，直接将该密码从一次性密码列表上删除，也可以将一个有效的密码标为无效。
步骤S570：在线支付系统按需完成费用支付。
优选地，若需要用户支付费用，则由在线支付系统430完成费用支付。对于一些情况，比如个人自用车辆系统、面向特定用户的免费使用系统等情况，可不需要用户付费。
最后应说明的是：以上实施例仅用以说明本发明实施例的技术方案，而非对其限制；尽管参照前述实施例对本发明实施例进行了详细的说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解:其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换；而这些修改或者替换，并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本发明实施例各实施例技术方案的精神和范围。

Claims (9)

  1. 一种车辆解锁方法，其特征在于，步骤如下：
    车辆上预存着一次性密码列表，该列表包含多个密码；
    所述车辆获取用户输入的密码；
    所述车辆根据预存的一次性密码列表判断用户输入的密码是否有效，若密码有效则分别执行下面步骤；
    解锁车辆；
    使刚才输入的密码标为无效，防止再次使用，体现了一次性的特点。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述步骤“所述车辆获取用户输入的密码”，其中获取密码的方法为以下方法中的一种或多种组合：
    通过按键输入；
    通过触摸屏输入；
    通过语言识别获取；
    通过蓝牙连接获取；
    通过近场通信(Near Field Communication,NFC)获取；
    通过扫二维码获取。
  3. 根据权利要求1至2任一项所述的车辆解锁方法，其特征在于，所述车辆为自行车、电动车、助动车、摩托车、小轿车、客车或货车。
  4. 一种车辆锁定解锁装置，用于锁定或解锁车辆，其特征在于，包括一次性密码管理模块、输入模块、锁定解锁模块，其中：
    一次性密码管理模块，用于储存包含多个一次性密码的列表、校验一次性密码是否有效、将刚输入的有效密码标为无效；
    输入模块，用于获取用户输入密码；
    锁定解锁模块，用于锁定车辆、在判断用户输入的密码有效后解锁。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的车辆锁定解锁装置，其特征在于，所述的输入模块包括按键、触摸屏、语音识别元件、蓝牙元件、近场通信(Near Field Communication,NFC)元件、二维码识别元件中的一个或多个，用于获取用户输入的密码。
  6. 根据权利要求4至5任一项所述的车辆锁定解锁装置，其特征在于，所述车辆为自行车、电动车、助动车、摩托车、小轿车、客车或货车。
  7. 一种车辆，包括车辆本体，其特征在于，所述车辆本体安装有权利要求4至6任一项所述的车辆锁定解锁装置。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的车辆，其特征在于，所述车辆为自行车、电动车、助动车、摩托车、小轿车、客车或货车。
  9. 一种车辆系统，其特征在于，包括权利要求7至8任一项所述的车辆、后台服务管理系统、用户端；其中：
    所述车辆数量为一辆或多辆，若为多辆则在各车辆上设置车号标识，其中车号标识为系统内唯一；
    后台服务管理系统，包括一次性密码后台模块，所述一次性密码后台模块存储着系统内所有车辆所存的一次性密码列表数据；所述一次性密码后台模块还用于根据用户要求从密码列表中找出所要求的车辆的有效密码发送给用户端，并在发送后使该密码标为无效；
    用户端，用于从后台服务管理系统接收解锁密码。
PCT/CN2017/115549 2016-12-14 2017-12-12 一种车辆解锁方法、锁定解锁装置、车辆及车辆系统 WO2018108060A1 (zh)

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