WO2018107569A1 - 充电装置及充电方法 - Google Patents

充电装置及充电方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018107569A1
WO2018107569A1 PCT/CN2017/072686 CN2017072686W WO2018107569A1 WO 2018107569 A1 WO2018107569 A1 WO 2018107569A1 CN 2017072686 W CN2017072686 W CN 2017072686W WO 2018107569 A1 WO2018107569 A1 WO 2018107569A1
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Prior art keywords
charging
state
control unit
mos transistor
battery
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Ceased
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PCT/CN2017/072686
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
涂瑞
高思
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Yulong Computer Telecommunication Scientific Shenzhen Co Ltd
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Yulong Computer Telecommunication Scientific Shenzhen Co Ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/44—Methods for charging or discharging
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/60—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries including safety or protection arrangements
    • H02J7/65—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries including safety or protection arrangements against overtemperature
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/60—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries including safety or protection arrangements
    • H02J7/685—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries including safety or protection arrangements using connection detecting circuits
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/80—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries including monitoring or indicating arrangements
    • H02J7/82—Control of state of charge [SOC]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of charging technologies, and in particular, to a charging device and a charging method.
  • the low-voltage charging charging circuit directly controls the charging of the battery through two MOS (Metal Oxide Semiconductor) tubes.
  • MOS Metal Oxide Semiconductor
  • the charging circuit can improve the charging efficiency, it is difficult to control the charging process.
  • the charging circuit can solve the problem of current backflow when the charging is unexpected, the use of two MOS tubes increases the cost, and the impedance of the charging circuit also increases, causing the battery to heat up.
  • a charging device capable of being connected to a charger and a battery, the charging device comprising two diodes, a MOS (Metal Oxide Semiconductor) tube and a control unit, the two diodes including a diode and a second diode, the MOS transistor includes a substrate, a gate, a source and a drain;
  • MOS Metal Oxide Semiconductor
  • An anode of the first diode is connected to a source of the MOS transistor, an anode of the second diode is connected to a drain of the MOS transistor; a cathode of the first diode is a cathode between the cathodes of the second diode, the node being connected to a substrate of the MOS transistor; the control unit being connected to a gate of the MOS transistor;
  • an anode of the first diode When an anode of the first diode is connected to the charger, an anode of the second diode is connected to the battery; when an anode of the first diode is connected to the battery, An anode of the second diode is connected to the charger;
  • the control unit detects a state of charge of the battery, controls switching of the MOS tube according to the state of charge, and controls charging of the battery.
  • the control unit controls the MOS transistor to be turned off when the state of charge is an uncharged state; or the control unit controls the MOS when the state of charge is a state of completion of charging The tube is turned off; or when the state of charge is a stable state of charge, the control unit controls the MOS transistor to be turned on.
  • control unit detects whether the charging signal during charging is in an abnormal state
  • control unit determines that the charging signal is in an abnormal state
  • the control unit controls The MOS transistor is turned off.
  • the charging signal is in an abnormal state, wherein the charging current is not within the preset current interval, the charging voltage is not within the preset voltage interval, and the temperature of the battery is not within the preset temperature interval.
  • the characteristics and parameters of the two diodes are the same.
  • a charging method is applied to the charging device, the method comprising:
  • the on/off of the MOS transistor is controlled according to the state of charge, and charging of the battery is controlled.
  • the method further includes:
  • the MOS transistor When the state of charge is a stable state of charge, the MOS transistor is controlled to be turned on.
  • the method further includes:
  • the MOS transistor is controlled to be turned off when it is determined that the charging signal is in an abnormal state.
  • the charging signal is in an abnormal state, wherein the charging current is not within the preset current interval, the charging voltage is not within the preset voltage interval, and the temperature of the battery is not within the preset temperature interval.
  • the characteristics and parameters of the two diodes are the same.
  • the present invention can detect the battery by the control unit.
  • the on/off of the MOS transistor is controlled according to the state of charge, and charging of the battery is controlled.
  • the invention can solve the problem of current backflow in the charging process, can reduce the cost, reduce the heat generation during battery charging, and reduce the layout area of the printed circuit board.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a charging apparatus in accordance with a first preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a charging device in accordance with a second preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram of a charging circuit in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a flow chart of a preferred embodiment of the charging method of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a charging apparatus according to a first preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • the charging device 1 can be connected to the charger 10 and the battery 11.
  • the charging device 1 includes two diodes, a MOS tube 14 and a control unit 15, and the two diodes include a first diode D1 and a second diode.
  • the MOS transistor 14 includes a substrate B, a gate G, a source S, and a drain D.
  • the anode of the first diode D1 is connected to the source S of the MOS transistor 14, the anode of the second diode D2 and the drain of the MOS transistor 14 a pole D connection; a node between the cathode of the first diode D1 and the cathode of the second diode D2, the node being connected to the substrate of the MOS tube 14; the control unit 15 and The gate G of the MOS transistor 14 is connected.
  • the anode of the first diode D1 is connected to the charger 10, and the anode of the second diode D2 is connected to the battery 11.
  • the MOS transistor is a PMOS transistor or an NMOS transistor.
  • the control unit 15 detects the state of charge of the battery 11, controls the on and off of the MOS transistor 14 according to the state of charge, and controls charging of the battery 11. The manner in which the components of the charging device 1 are connected will be described in detail in FIG.
  • the control unit 15 is an operation core (Core) and a control unit of the charging device 1.
  • the control unit 15 can execute various types of application programs, program codes, and the like installed in the charging device 1.
  • the control unit includes a Central Processing Unit (CPU), a Microprocessor Unit (MPU), and a Microcontroller Unit (MCU).
  • CPU Central Processing Unit
  • MPU Microprocessor Unit
  • MCU Microcontroller Unit
  • Other control units may also be used in other embodiments, and the present invention does not Make a restriction.
  • connection relationship of the respective components in the charging device 1 is not limited to the above embodiment, and the first diode D1 may be connected to other components as well.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a charging apparatus according to a second preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • the charging device 1 can be connected to the charger 10 and the battery 11.
  • the charging device 1 includes two diodes, a MOS tube 14 and a control unit 15, and the two diodes include a first diode D1 and a second diode.
  • the MOS transistor 14 includes a substrate B, a gate G, a source S, and a drain D.
  • the anode of the first diode D1 is connected to the source S of the MOS transistor 14, the anode of the second diode D2 and the drain of the MOS transistor 14 a pole D connection; a node between the cathode of the first diode D1 and the cathode of the second diode D2, the node being connected to the substrate of the MOS tube 14; the control unit 15 and The gate G of the MOS transistor 14 is connected.
  • the anode of the first diode D1 is connected to the battery 11, and the anode of the second diode D2 is connected to the charger 10.
  • the MOS transistor is a PMOS transistor or an NMOS transistor.
  • the control unit 15 is an operation core (Core) and a control unit of the charging device 1.
  • the control unit 15 can execute various types of application programs, program codes, and the like installed in the charging device 1.
  • the control unit includes a Central Processing Unit (CPU), a Microprocessor Unit (MPU), and a Microcontroller Unit (MCU).
  • CPU Central Processing Unit
  • MPU Microprocessor Unit
  • MCU Microcontroller Unit
  • Other control units may also be used in other embodiments, and the present invention does not Make a restriction.
  • the control unit 15 detects a connection state of the charging device 1 with the charger 10 and the battery 11, and a charging parameter, and determines the charging state.
  • the state of charge includes a non-charging state, a charging completion state, and a stable charging state.
  • the charging parameters include, but are not limited to, the amount of power of the battery 11, the output voltage of the charger 10, the output current of the charger 10, and the like.
  • the control unit 15 determines that the charging state is an uncharged state. For example, when the control unit 15 detects that the connection state of the charging device 1 and the charger 10 is off after charging is completed, the control unit 15 determines that the state of charge is an uncharged state.
  • the control unit 15 determines that the charging state is charging completion. status.
  • the control unit 15 determines that the charging state is a stable charging state.
  • the preset condition includes, but is not limited to, the power of the battery 11 is less than a preset maximum power value, the output voltage of the charger 10 is within a preset voltage range, and the output current of the charger 10 is in one Within the preset current range and so on.
  • the characteristics and parameters of the two diodes are the same.
  • the characteristics and parameters include, but are not limited to, forward current, forward voltage drop, reverse breakdown voltage, operating temperature range, and the like.
  • the characteristics and parameters of the two diodes are the same, and the source and the drain of the MOS transistor 14 are in a symmetrical relationship.
  • the principle that the control unit 15 controls the on and off of the MOS transistor 14 is the same. The present invention will be described by taking the embodiment of Fig. 1 as an example.
  • FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram of a charging circuit in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • Q1 represents the MOS transistor 14
  • S represents the source of the MOS transistor 14
  • D represents the drain of the MOS transistor 14
  • G represents the gate of the MOS transistor 14
  • B represents the MOS transistor 14.
  • D1 represents the first diode 12 and D2 represents the second diode 13.
  • An anode of the first diode D1 is connected to a source S of the MOS transistor 14, and an anode of the second diode D2 is connected to a drain D of the MOS transistor 14; the first diode There is a node between the cathode of the tube D1 and the cathode of the second diode D2, the node is connected to the substrate of the MOS tube 14; the control unit 15 is connected to the gate G of the MOS tube 14
  • the anode of the first diode D1 is connected to the charger 10, and the anode of the second diode D2 is connected to the battery 11.
  • the control unit 15 detects the state of charge of the battery 11, controls the on and off of the MOS transistor 14 according to the state of charge, and controls charging of the battery 11.
  • control unit 15 determines that the state of charge is an uncharged state, the control unit 15 controls the MOS transistor to be turned off. Due to the isolation of the two diodes, current cannot flow from the charger 10 to the battery 11, and the circuit is not charged.
  • control unit 15 determines that the state of charge is the charge completion state, the control unit 15 controls the MOS transistor 14 to be turned off. Due to the isolation of the two diodes, current cannot flow from the battery 11 to the charger 10, thereby preventing current from flowing back.
  • control unit 15 determines that the state of charge is a stable state of charge, the control unit 15 controls the MOS transistor 14 to be turned on, and the circuit is charged. At this time, due to the isolation of the two diodes Acting, current does not flow to the battery 11 via the two diodes.
  • the MOS transistor is a PMOS transistor or an NMOS transistor.
  • the MOS transistor 14 is a PMOS transistor
  • the control unit 15 sends a low level signal to the PMOS transistor
  • the PMOS transistor is controlled to be turned on; the control unit 15 sends a high voltage to the PMOS transistor.
  • the level signal is used, the PMOS transistor is controlled to be turned off.
  • the MOS transistor 14 is an NMOS transistor
  • the control unit 15 sends a high level signal to the NMOS transistor
  • the NMOS transistor is controlled to be turned on; and the control unit 15 sends a low voltage to the NMOS transistor.
  • the level signal is used, the NMOS transistor is controlled to be turned off.
  • the control unit 15 detects whether the charging signal during charging is in an abnormal state.
  • the control unit 15 determines that the charging signal is in an abnormal state
  • the control unit 15 controls the MOS transistor 14 to be turned off.
  • the condition for determining that the charging signal is in an abnormal state includes, but is not limited to, the charging current is not within the preset current interval, the charging voltage is not within the preset voltage interval, the temperature of the battery is not within the preset temperature interval, and the like.
  • the charging signal meets any of the above conditions, it can be determined that the charging signal is in an abnormal state.
  • a plurality of conditions may be combined to determine whether the charging signal is in an abnormal state.
  • control unit 15 when the control unit 15 detects that the charger 10 is shorted to the ground, the control unit 15 controls the MOS tube 14 to be turned off. Due to the isolation of the two diodes, current cannot flow from the battery 11 to the charger 10, preventing current inrush during charging.
  • FIG. 4 is a flow chart of a preferred embodiment of the charging method of the present invention.
  • the order of the steps in the flowchart may be changed according to different requirements, and some steps may be omitted.
  • control unit 15 detects the state of charge of the battery 11.
  • the control unit 15 detects a connection state of the charging device 1 with the charger 10 and the battery 11, and a charging parameter, and determines the charging state.
  • the state of charge includes a non-charging state, a charging completion state, and a stable charging state.
  • the charging parameters include, but are not limited to, the amount of power of the battery 11, the output voltage of the charger 10, the output current of the charger 10, and the like.
  • control unit 15 controls the on and off of the MOS transistor 14 according to the charging state, and controls charging of the battery 11.
  • control unit 15 determines that the state of charge is an uncharged state, the control unit 15 controls the MOS transistor to be turned off. Due to the isolation of the two diodes, current cannot flow from the charger 10 to the battery 11, and the circuit is not charged.
  • control unit 15 determines that the state of charge is the charge completion state, the control unit 15 controls the MOS transistor 14 to be turned off. Due to the isolation of the two diodes, current cannot flow from the battery 11 to the charger 10, thereby preventing current from flowing back.
  • control unit 15 determines that the state of charge is a stable state of charge, the control unit 15 controls the MOS transistor 14 to be turned on, and the circuit is charged. At this time, current does not flow to the battery 11 via the two diodes due to the isolation of the two diodes.
  • the MOS transistor is a PMOS transistor or an NMOS transistor.
  • the MOS transistor 14 is a PMOS transistor
  • the control unit 15 sends a low level signal to the PMOS transistor
  • the PMOS transistor is controlled to be turned on; the control unit 15 sends a high voltage to the PMOS transistor.
  • the level signal is used, the PMOS transistor is controlled to be turned off.
  • the control unit 15 sends the NMOS transistor to the NMOS transistor.
  • the NMOS transistor is controlled to be turned on; when the control unit 15 sends a low level signal to the NMOS transistor, the NMOS transistor is controlled to be turned off.
  • the control unit 15 detects whether the charging signal during charging is in an abnormal state.
  • the control unit 15 determines that the charging signal is in an abnormal state
  • the control unit 15 controls the MOS transistor 14 to be turned off.
  • the condition for determining that the charging signal is in an abnormal state includes, but is not limited to, the charging current is not within the preset current interval, the charging voltage is not within the preset voltage interval, the temperature of the battery is not within the preset temperature interval, and the like.
  • the charging signal meets any of the above conditions, it can be determined that the charging signal is in an abnormal state.
  • a plurality of conditions may be combined to determine whether the charging signal is in an abnormal state.
  • control unit 15 when the control unit 15 detects that the charger 10 is shorted to the ground, the control unit 15 controls the MOS tube 14 to be turned off. Due to the isolation of the two diodes, current cannot flow from the battery 11 to the charger 10, preventing current inrush during charging.
  • the present invention can detect the state of charge of the battery 11 by the control unit 15, control the on and off of the MOS transistor 14 according to the state of charge, and control the charging of the battery 11.
  • the invention can solve the problem of current backflow in the charging process, can reduce the cost, reduce the heat generation during battery charging, and reduce the layout area of the printed circuit board.
  • an electronic device may include the charging device 1.
  • the electronic device is a device capable of automatically performing numerical calculation and/or information processing according to an instruction set or stored in advance, and the hardware thereof includes but is not limited to a microprocessor and an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC). , Field-Programmable Gate Array (FPGA), Digital Signal Processor (DSP), embedded devices, etc.
  • ASIC application specific integrated circuit
  • FPGA Field-Programmable Gate Array
  • DSP Digital Signal Processor
  • the electronic device further includes, but is not limited to, any electronic product that can interact with a user through a keyboard, a mouse, a remote controller, a touch panel or a voice control device, for example, a personal computer, a tablet computer, or a smart phone. , Personal Digital Assistant (PDA), game consoles, Internet Protocol Television (IPTV), smart wearable devices, etc.
  • PDA Personal Digital Assistant
  • IPTV Internet Protocol Television
  • the present invention can detect the state of charge of the battery 11 by the control unit 15, control the on and off of the MOS transistor 14 according to the state of charge, and control the charging of the battery 11.
  • the invention can solve the problem of current backflow in the charging process, can reduce the cost, reduce the heat generation during battery charging, and reduce the layout area of the printed circuit board.
  • the above-described integrated unit implemented in the form of a software function module can be stored in a computer readable storage medium.
  • the software function modules described above are stored in a storage medium and include instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) or a processor to perform the methods of the various embodiments of the present invention. Part of the steps.
  • modules described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components displayed as modules may or may not be physical units, that is, may be located in one place, or may be distributed to multiple network units. Some or all of the modules may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of the embodiment.
  • each functional module in each embodiment of the present invention may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist physically separately, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit.
  • the above integrated unit can be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of hardware plus software function modules.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

一种充电装置（1），充电装置与充电器（10）及电池（11）相连接，充电装置包括第一二极管（12）、第二二极管（13）、MOS管（14）及控制单元（15），MOS管包括衬底（B）、栅极（G）、源极（S）及漏极（D）；第一二极管的阴极与第二二极管的阴极之间具有节点，节点与MOS管的衬底连接；控制单元与栅极相连；控制单元检测电池的充电状态，根据充电状态控制MOS管的通断，并控制电池的充电。还提供一种充电方法，可解决充电过程中电流倒灌的问题，既能降低成本，又能降低电池充电时的发热，减小了印制电路板布局面积。

Description

充电装置及充电方法
本申请要求2016年12月16日在中国国家知识产权局提交的申请号为201611167751.8、发明名称为“充电装置及充电方法”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本发明涉及充电技术领域，尤其涉及一种充电装置及充电方法。
背景技术
现有技术中低压充电的充电电路通过两个MOS(Metal Oxide Semiconductor，金属氧化物半导体)管直接控制电池的充电。虽然该充电电路能提高充电效率，但很难控制充电过程。虽然在充电发生意外情况时，该充电电路能解决电流倒灌的问题，但采用两个MOS管增加了成本，同时充电电路的阻抗也会增加，导致电池发热。
发明内容
鉴于以上内容，有必要提供一种充电装置及方法，可解决充电过程中电流倒灌的问题，既能降低成本，又能降低电池充电时的发热，减小了印制电路板布局面积。
一种充电装置，所述充电装置能与充电器及电池相连接，所述充电装置包括两个二极管、MOS(Metal Oxide Semiconductor，金属氧化物半导体)管及控制单元，所述两个二极管包括第一二极管及第二二极管，所述MOS管包括衬底、栅极、源极及漏极；
所述第一二极管的阳极与所述MOS管的源极连接，所述第二二极管的阳极与所述MOS管的漏极连接；所述第一二极管的阴极与所述第二二极管的阴极之间具有节点，所述节点与所述MOS管的衬底连接；所述控制单元与所述MOS管的栅极连接；
当所述第一二极管的阳极与所述充电器连接时，所述第二二极管的阳极与所述电池连接；当所述第一二极管的阳极与所述电池连接时，所述第二二极管的阳极与所述充电器连接；
所述控制单元检测所述电池的充电状态，根据所述充电状态控制所述MOS管的通断，并控制所述电池的充电。
根据本发明优选实施例，当所述充电状态为不充电状态时，所述控制单元控制所述MOS管关断；或当所述充电状态为充电完成状态时，所述控制单元控制所述MOS管关断；或当所述充电状态为稳定充电状态时，所述控制单元控制所述MOS管导通。
根据本发明优选实施例，所述控制单元检测充电过程中的充电信号是否处于异常状态；
当所述控制单元确定所述充电信号处于异常状态时，所述控制单元控制 所述MOS管关断。
根据本发明优选实施例，所述充电信号处于异常状态包括：充电电流不在预设电流区间内、充电电压不在预设电压区间内、电池的温度不在预设温度区间内。
根据本发明优选实施例，所述两个二极管的特性及参数相同。
一种充电方法，应用于所述充电装置中，所述方法包括：
检测与所述充电装置连接的电池的充电状态；及
根据所述充电状态控制所述MOS管的通断，并控制所述电池的充电。
根据本发明优选实施例，所述方法还包括：
当所述充电状态为不充电状态时，控制所述MOS管关断；或
当所述充电状态为充电完成状态时，控制所述MOS管关断；或
当所述充电状态为稳定充电状态时，控制所述MOS管导通。
根据本发明优选实施例，所述方法还包括：
检测充电过程中的充电信号是否处于异常状态；
当确定所述充电信号处于异常状态时，控制所述MOS管关断。
根据本发明优选实施例，所述充电信号处于异常状态包括：充电电流不在预设电流区间内、充电电压不在预设电压区间内、电池的温度不在预设温度区间内。
根据本发明优选实施例，所述两个二极管的特性及参数相同。
由以上技术方案可以看出，本发明能通过所述控制单元检测所述电池的 充电状态，根据所述充电状态控制所述MOS管的通断，并控制所述电池的充电。利用本发明，可解决充电过程中电流倒灌的问题，既能降低成本，又能降低电池充电时的发热，减小了印制电路板布局面积。
附图说明
图1是本发明第一较佳实施例的充电装置示意图。
图2是本发明第二较佳实施例的充电装置示意图。
图3是本发明较佳实施例的充电电路的电路图。
图4是本发明充电方法的较佳实施例的流程图。
主要元件符号说明
充电装置 1
充电器 10
电池 11
第一二极管 12
第二二极管 13
MOS管 14
控制单元 15
具体实施方式
为了使本发明的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面结合附图和具体实施例对本发明进行详细描述。
如图1所示，图1是本发明第一较佳实施例的充电装置示意图。所述充电装置1能与充电器10及电池11连接，所述充电装置1包括两个二极管、MOS管14及控制单元15，所述两个二极管包括第一二极管D1及第二二极管D2，所述MOS管14包括衬底B、栅极G、源极S及漏极D。
在本发明的至少一个实施例中，所述第一二极管D1的阳极与所述MOS管14的源极S连接，所述第二二极管D2的阳极与所述MOS管14的漏极D连接；所述第一二极管D1的阴极与所述第二二极管D2的阴极之间具有节点，所述节点与所述MOS管14的衬底连接；所述控制单元15与所述MOS管14的栅极G连接。
所述第一二极管D1的阳极与所述充电器10连接，所述第二二极管D2的阳极与所述电池11连接。
在本发明的至少一个实施例中，所述MOS管是PMOS管或NMOS管。
所述控制单元15检测所述电池11的充电状态，根据所述充电状态控制所述MOS管14的通断，并控制所述电池11的充电。所述充电装置1中各元件的连接方式将在图3中进行详述。
所述控制单元15是所述充电装置1的运算核心(Core)和控制核心(Control Unit)。所述控制单元15可执行所述充电装置1中安装的各类应用程序、程序代码等。所述控制单元包括：中央处理器(Central Processing Unit，简称CPU)、微处理器(Microprocessor Unit，简称MPU)及微控制单元(Microcontroller Unit，简称MCU)。在其他实施例中也可以选用其他控制单元，本发明在此不 作限制。
需要指出的是，所述充电装置1中的各个元件的连接关系不限于上述实施例中，如所述第一二极管D1也可以与其他元件连接。
如图2所示，图2是本发明第二较佳实施例的充电装置示意图。所述充电装置1能与充电器10及电池11连接，所述充电装置1包括两个二极管、MOS管14及控制单元15，所述两个二极管包括第一二极管D1及第二二极管D2，所述MOS管14包括衬底B、栅极G、源极S及漏极D。
在本发明的至少一个实施例中，所述第一二极管D1的阳极与所述MOS管14的源极S连接，所述第二二极管D2的阳极与所述MOS管14的漏极D连接；所述第一二极管D1的阴极与所述第二二极管D2的阴极之间具有节点，所述节点与所述MOS管14的衬底连接；所述控制单元15与所述MOS管14的栅极G连接。
所述第一二极管D1的阳极与所述电池11连接，所述第二二极管D2的阳极与所述充电器10连接。
在本发明的至少一个实施例中，所述MOS管是PMOS管或NMOS管。
所述控制单元15是所述充电装置1的运算核心(Core)和控制核心(Control Unit)。所述控制单元15可执行所述充电装置1中安装的各类应用程序、程序代码等。所述控制单元包括：中央处理器(Central Processing Unit，简称CPU)、微处理器(Microprocessor Unit，简称MPU)及微控制单元(Microcontroller Unit，简称MCU)。在其他实施例中也可以选用其他控制单元，本发明在此不 作限制。
所述控制单元15检测所述充电装置1与所述充电器10及所述电池11的连接状态，以及充电参数，并确定所述充电状态。
所述充电状态包括：不充电状态、充电完成状态及稳定充电状态。所述充电参数包括，但不限于，所述电池11的电量、所述充电器10的输出电压、所述充电器10的输出电流等等。
当所述控制单元15检测到所述充电装置1与所述充电器10及/或所述电池11的连接状态处于未连接时，所述控制单元15确定所述充电状态为不充电状态。例如，当充电完成后，所述控制单元15检测到所述充电装置1与所述充电器10的连接状态处于断开时，所述控制单元15确定所述充电状态是不充电状态。
当所述充电装置1与所述充电器10及所述电池11连接成功，且所述电池11的电量大于或者等于预设最大电量值时，所述控制单元15确定所述充电状态为充电完成状态。
当所述充电装置1与所述充电器10及所述电池11连接成功，且充电参数达到预设条件时，所述控制单元15确定所述充电状态是稳定充电状态。所述预设条件包括，但不限于，所述电池11的电量小于预设最大电量值，所述充电器10的输出电压在一个预设电压范围内及所述充电器10的输出电流在一个预设电流范围内等等。
在本发明的至少一个实施例中，所述两个二极管的特性及参数相同。所述特性及参数包括，但不限于：正向电流、正向导通压降、反向击穿电压、工作温度范围等等。
需要说明的是，所述两个二极管的特性及参数相同，所述MOS管14的源极及漏极是对称关系。针对图1及图2中的实施例，所述控制单元15控制所述MOS管14的通断的原理相同。本发明将以图1的实施例为例进行说明。
如图3所示，图3是本发明较佳实施例的充电电路的电路图。图中Q1代表所述MOS管14，S代表所述MOS管14的源极，D代表所述MOS管14的漏极，G代表所述MOS管14的栅极，B代表所述MOS管14的衬底。D1代表所述第一二极管12，D2代表所述第二二极管13。所述第一二极管D1的阳极与所述MOS管14的源极S连接，所述第二二极管D2的阳极与所述MOS管14的漏极D连接；所述第一二极管D1的阴极与所述第二二极管D2的阴极之间具有节点，所述节点与所述MOS管14的衬底连接；所述控制单元15与所述MOS管14的栅极G连接；所述第一二极管D1的阳极与所述充电器10连接，所述第二二极管D2的阳极与所述电池11连接。
所述控制单元15检测所述电池11的充电状态，根据所述充电状态控制所述MOS管14的通断，并控制所述电池11的充电。
当所述控制单元15确定所述充电状态为不充电状态时，所述控制单元15控制所述MOS管关断。由于所述两个二极管的隔离作用，电流无法从所述充电器10流向所述电池11，此时电路不充电。
当所述控制单元15确定所述充电状态为充电完成状态时，所述控制单元15控制所述MOS管14关断。由于所述两个二极管的隔离作用，电流无法从所述电池11流向所述充电器10，从而防止电流倒灌。
当所述控制单元15确定所述充电状态为稳定充电状态时，所述控制单元15控制所述MOS管14导通，电路充电。此时，由于所述两个二极管的隔离 作用，电流不会经由所述两个二极管流到电池11。
在本发明的至少一个实施例中，所述MOS管是PMOS管或NMOS管。
当所述MOS管14是PMOS管时，所述控制单元15向所述PMOS管发送一个低电平信号时，控制所述PMOS管导通；所述控制单元15向所述PMOS管发送一个高电平信号时，控制所述PMOS管关断。
当所述MOS管14为NMOS管时，所述控制单元15向所述NMOS管发送一个高电平信号时，控制所述NMOS管导通；所述控制单元15向所述NMOS管发送一个低电平信号时，控制所述NMOS管关断。
在本发明的至少一个实施例中，所述控制单元15检测充电过程中的充电信号是否处于异常状态。当所述控制单元15确定所述充电信号处于异常状态时，所述控制单元15控制所述MOS管14关断。确定所述充电信号处于异常状态的条件包括，但不限于：充电电流不在预设电流区间内、充电电压不在预设电压区间内、电池的温度不在预设温度区间内等等。在本实施例中，当所述充电信号符合上述任一条件时，即可确定所述充电信号处于异常状态。在其他实施方式中，可结合多个条件来判断所述充电信号是否处于异常状态。
例如，在充电过程中，所述控制单元15检测到所述充电器10短接到地端时，所述控制单元15控制所述MOS管14关断。由于所述两个二极管的隔离作用，电流无法从所述电池11流向所述充电器10，防止了充电过程中电流倒灌的情况。
当然在其他实施例中也可以有其他连接方式，本发明在此不作限制。
如图4所示，图4是本发明充电方法的较佳实施例的流程图。根据不同的需求，该流程图中步骤的顺序可以改变，某些步骤可以省略。
S10，所述控制单元15检测所述电池11的充电状态。
所述控制单元15检测所述充电装置1与所述充电器10及所述电池11的连接状态，以及充电参数，并确定所述充电状态。
所述充电状态包括：不充电状态、充电完成状态及稳定充电状态。所述充电参数包括，但不限于，所述电池11的电量、所述充电器10的输出电压、所述充电器10的输出电流等等。
S11，所述控制单元15根据所述充电状态控制所述MOS管14的通断，并控制所述电池11的充电。
当所述控制单元15确定所述充电状态为不充电状态时，所述控制单元15控制所述MOS管关断。由于所述两个二极管的隔离作用，电流无法从所述充电器10流向所述电池11，此时电路不充电。
当所述控制单元15确定所述充电状态为充电完成状态时，所述控制单元15控制所述MOS管14关断。由于所述两个二极管的隔离作用，电流无法从所述电池11流向所述充电器10，从而防止电流倒灌。
当所述控制单元15确定所述充电状态为稳定充电状态时，所述控制单元15控制所述MOS管14导通，电路充电。此时，由于所述两个二极管的隔离作用，电流不会经由所述两个二极管流到电池11。
在本发明的至少一个实施例中，所述MOS管是PMOS管或NMOS管。
当所述MOS管14是PMOS管时，所述控制单元15向所述PMOS管发送一个低电平信号时，控制所述PMOS管导通；所述控制单元15向所述PMOS管发送一个高电平信号时，控制所述PMOS管关断。
当所述MOS管14为NMOS管时，所述控制单元15向所述NMOS管发 送一个高电平信号时，控制所述NMOS管导通；所述控制单元15向所述NMOS管发送一个低电平信号时，控制所述NMOS管关断。
在本发明的至少一个实施例中，所述控制单元15检测充电过程中的充电信号是否处于异常状态。当所述控制单元15确定所述充电信号处于异常状态时，所述控制单元15控制所述MOS管14关断。确定所述充电信号处于异常状态的条件包括，但不限于：充电电流不在预设电流区间内、充电电压不在预设电压区间内、电池的温度不在预设温度区间内等等。在本实施例中，当所述充电信号符合上述任一条件时，即可确定所述充电信号处于异常状态。在其他实施方式中，可结合多个条件来判断所述充电信号是否处于异常状态。
例如，在充电过程中，所述控制单元15检测到所述充电器10短接到地端时，所述控制单元15控制所述MOS管14关断。由于所述两个二极管的隔离作用，电流无法从所述电池11流向所述充电器10，防止了充电过程中电流倒灌的情况。
本发明能通过所述控制单元15检测所述电池11的充电状态，根据所述充电状态控制所述MOS管14的通断，并控制所述电池11的充电。利用本发明，可解决充电过程中电流倒灌的问题，既能降低成本，又能降低电池充电时的发热，减小了印制电路板布局面积。
需要说明的是，本发明并不以上述图1至图3的电路为限，本技术领域具有通常知识者在经由本发明的揭露后，应可轻易推知上述电路的其余实施方式，在此不加累述。
在本发明的其他实施例中，一个电子设备可以包括所述充电装置1。
所述电子设备是一种能够按照事先设定或存储的指令，自动进行数值计算和/或信息处理的设备，其硬件包括但不限于微处理器、专用集成电路(Application Specific Integrated Circuit，ASIC)、可编程门阵列(Field－Programmable Gate Array，FPGA)、数字处理器(Digital Signal Processor，DSP)、嵌入式设备等。
所述电子设备还包括，但不限于：任何一种可与用户通过键盘、鼠标、遥控器、触摸板或声控设备等方式进行人机交互的电子产品，例如，个人计算机、平板电脑、智能手机、个人数字助理(Personal Digital Assistant，PDA)、游戏机、交互式网络电视(Internet Protocol Television，IPTV)、智能式穿戴式设备等。
本发明能通过所述控制单元15检测所述电池11的充电状态，根据所述充电状态控制所述MOS管14的通断，并控制所述电池11的充电。利用本发明，可解决充电过程中电流倒灌的问题，既能降低成本，又能降低电池充电时的发热，减小了印制电路板布局面积。
上述以软件功能模块的形式实现的集成的单元，可以存储在一个计算机可读取存储介质中。上述软件功能模块存储在一个存储介质中，包括若干指令用以使得一台计算机设备(可以是个人计算机，服务器，或者网络设备等)或处理器(processor)执行本发明各个实施例所述方法的部分步骤。
在本发明所提供的几个实施例中，应该理解到，所揭露的系统，装置和方法，可以通过其它的方式实现。例如，以上所描述的装置实施例仅仅是示意性的，例如，所述模块的划分，仅仅为一种逻辑功能划分，实际实现时可以有另外的划分方式。
所述作为分离部件说明的模块可以是或者也可以不是物理上分开的，作为模块显示的部件可以是或者也可以不是物理单元，即可以位于一个地方，或者也可以分布到多个网络单元上。可以根据实际的需要选择其中的部分或者全部模块来实现本实施例方案的目的。
另外，在本发明各个实施例中的各功能模块可以集成在一个处理单元中，也可以是各个单元单独物理存在，也可以两个或两个以上单元集成在一个单元中。上述集成的单元既可以采用硬件的形式实现，也可以采用硬件加软件功能模块的形式实现。
对于本领域技术人员而言，显然本发明不限于上述示范性实施例的细节，而且在不背离本发明的精神或基本特征的情况下，能够以其他的具体形式实现本发明。因此，无论从哪一点来看，均应将实施例看作是示范性的，而且是非限制性的，本发明的范围由所附权利要求而不是上述说明限定，因此旨在将落在权利要求的等同要件的含义和范围内的所有变化涵括在本发明内。不应将权利要求中的任何附关联图标记视为限制所涉及的权利要求。
此外，显然“包括”一词不排除其他单元或步骤，单数不排除复数。系统权利要求中陈述的多个单元或装置也可以由一个单元或装置通过软件或者硬件来实现。第二等词语用来表示名称，而并不表示任何特定的顺序。
最后应说明的是，以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案而非限制，尽管参照较佳实施例对本发明进行了详细说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解，可以对本发明的技术方案进行修改或等同替换，而不脱离本发明技术方案的精神和范围。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种充电装置，所述充电装置与充电器及电池相连接，其特征在于，所述充电装置包括两个二极管、MOS管及控制单元，所述两个二极管包括第一二极管及第二二极管，所述MOS管包括衬底、栅极、源极及漏极；
    所述第一二极管的阳极与所述MOS管的源极连接，所述第二二极管的阳极与所述MOS管的漏极连接；所述第一二极管的阴极与所述第二二极管的阴极之间具有节点，所述节点与所述MOS管的衬底连接；所述控制单元与所述MOS管的栅极连接；
    当所述第一二极管的阳极与所述充电器连接时，所述第二二极管的阳极与所述电池连接；当所述第一二极管的阳极与所述电池连接时，所述第二二极管的阳极与所述充电器连接；
    所述控制单元检测所述电池的充电状态，根据所述充电状态控制所述MOS管的通断，并控制所述电池的充电。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的充电装置，其特征在于，当所述充电状态为不充电状态时，所述控制单元控制所述MOS管关断；或
    当所述充电状态为充电完成状态时，所述控制单元控制所述MOS管关断；或
    当所述充电状态为稳定充电状态时，所述控制单元控制所述MOS管导通。
  3. 如权利要求1或2所述的充电装置，其特征在于，所述控制单元检测充电过程中的充电信号是否处于异常状态；
    当所述控制单元确定所述充电信号处于异常状态时，所述控制单元控制所述MOS管关断。
  4. 如权利要求3所述的充电装置，其特征在于，所述充电信号处于异常状态包括：充电电流不在预设电流区间内、充电电压不在预设电压区间内、电池的温度不在预设温度区间内。
  5. 如权利要求1至4中任一项所述的充电装置，其特征在于，所述两个二极管的特性及参数相同。
  6. 一种充电方法，应用于权利要求1至5中任一项所述的充电装置中，其特征在于，所述方法包括：
    检测与所述充电装置连接的电池的充电状态；及
    根据所述充电状态控制所述MOS管的通断，并控制所述电池的充电。
  7. 如权利要求6所述的充电方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    当所述充电状态为不充电状态时，控制所述MOS管关断；或
    当所述充电状态为充电完成状态时，控制所述MOS管关断；或
    当所述充电状态为稳定充电状态时，控制所述MOS管导通。
  8. 如权利要求6或7所述的充电方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    检测充电过程中的充电信号是否处于异常状态；
    当确定所述充电信号处于异常状态时，控制所述MOS管关断。
  9. 如权利要求6至8中任一项所述的充电方法，其特征在于，所述充电信号处于异常状态包括：充电电流不在预设电流区间内、充电电压不在预设电压区间内、电池的温度不在预设温度区间内。
  10. 如权利要求6至9中任一项所述的充电方法，其特征在于，所述两个二极管的特性及参数相同。
PCT/CN2017/072686 2016-12-16 2017-01-25 充电装置及充电方法 Ceased WO2018107569A1 (zh)

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