WO2018103111A1 - 一种深井提升系统智能防坠方法与装置 - Google Patents

一种深井提升系统智能防坠方法与装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018103111A1
WO2018103111A1 PCT/CN2016/109362 CN2016109362W WO2018103111A1 WO 2018103111 A1 WO2018103111 A1 WO 2018103111A1 CN 2016109362 W CN2016109362 W CN 2016109362W WO 2018103111 A1 WO2018103111 A1 WO 2018103111A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
permanent magnet
lifting
lifting container
wellbore
magnet
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PCT/CN2016/109362
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
杨盼盼
周公博
朱真才
刘送永
曹国华
彭玉兴
李伟
江帆
沈刚
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中国矿业大学
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Application filed by 中国矿业大学 filed Critical 中国矿业大学
Publication of WO2018103111A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018103111A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
    • B66B5/00—Applications of checking, fault-correcting, or safety devices in elevators
    • B66B5/02—Applications of checking, fault-correcting, or safety devices in elevators responsive to abnormal operating conditions
    • B66B5/16—Braking or catch devices operating between cars, cages, or skips and fixed guide elements or surfaces in hoistway or well
    • B66B5/18—Braking or catch devices operating between cars, cages, or skips and fixed guide elements or surfaces in hoistway or well and applying frictional retarding forces
    • B66B5/22—Braking or catch devices operating between cars, cages, or skips and fixed guide elements or surfaces in hoistway or well and applying frictional retarding forces by means of linearly-movable wedges
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
    • B66B5/00—Applications of checking, fault-correcting, or safety devices in elevators
    • B66B5/28—Buffer-stops for cars, cages, or skips
    • B66B5/282—Structure thereof

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of anti-dropping of a deep well lifting system, and particularly relates to a method and a device for intelligent anti-dropping of a deep well lifting system combining a permanent magnet retarder and a traditional mechanical fall arrester.
  • the anti-drop system is the only effective means to make the lifting container stop smoothly and to ensure the safety of workers and transportation equipment. Therefore, designing a safe and reliable anti-drop system has important practical significance for reducing the occurrence of falling accidents and improving the safety of the coal industry.
  • the FS type fall arrester is designed by the Shenyang Coal Mine Design and Research Institute according to the Soviet "broken rope fuse”. It adopts a lever sliding wedge type catching mechanism. When the lifting wire rope suddenly breaks, the spring is extended and two pieces are guided through the transmission mechanism. The wedge moves upwards, close to the brake rope, and there is friction between the wedge and the brake rope. The friction force increases until the brake rope is completely grasped, and finally the lifting container is braked, which is sensitive to movement and reliable for catching. Advantages, but the recovery process after catching is more difficult, more misoperations, and the structure is complex and the weight is larger.
  • the GS type anti-dropping device adopts an eccentric lever brake shoe type catching mechanism.
  • the braking effect has the advantages of light weight, easy resetting, safer and more reliable, but the wear is serious, and the parts need to be replaced regularly.
  • the BF type anti-dropping device adopts a rolling friction wedge-shaped catching mechanism.
  • the tension spring contracts, and the two sliding wedges move upwards at the same time and close to the brake rope through the transmission mechanism, and the wedge and the brake rope are generated.
  • the frictional force causes the wedge to continue to move upwards until the brake rope is fully grasped to achieve the capture of the falling lifting container, having a structure Simple, light weight, reliable catching, convenient resetting, high safety factor, long service life of parts and convenient maintenance, but due to the inertia effect during the braking process, the lifting container will generate large vibration and a flying accident (The winch control system fails) does not produce an effective braking action.
  • the above-mentioned several fall arresters are mechanically driven to make the brake shoes or wedges close to the brake rope, and the friction effect generated between the two is used to achieve the braking effect, which belongs to mechanical arrest, large wear and breakage of the tension spring.
  • the vibration of the moving process is large and the braking distance is long.
  • magnetic retarders are mostly used in the braking system of heavy trucks, including electromagnetic retarders and permanent magnet retarders.
  • Electromagnetic retarder is a kind of magnetic retarder that is widely used in the automotive field.
  • the electromagnetic coil is mounted on the stator, and the excitation and braking torque of the electromagnetic retarder are controlled by controlling the on/off current and current of the stator winding.
  • the utility model has the advantages of simple structure, low production cost, wide braking torque range, fast response time, small working noise, adjustable braking torque, low failure rate and convenient maintenance; however, the electromagnetic retarder is passed through the electromagnetic coil.
  • the permanent magnet retarder generates magnetic field by using its own permanent magnet, controls the position of the permanent magnet by mechanical transmission to control the excitation path, thereby controlling the change of braking torque, and overcomes the problems of large energy consumption and thermal decay of the electromagnetic retarder.
  • the permanent magnet retarder adopts high-performance NdFeB permanent magnet excitation, no power supply is required, the permanent magnet itself does not generate heat, there is no thermal decay phenomenon, no battery is needed, and it is easy to realize light weight, excitation stability, braking torque stable.
  • the magnetic retarder is widely used in the transportation industry. There is no anti-drop device and method in the market that combines the magnetic retarder and the fall arrester to protect the deep well lifting system.
  • the object of the present invention is to solve the defects of the prior art and to provide a method and apparatus for intelligent anti-dropping of a deep well lifting system combining a permanent magnet retarder and an existing fall arrester.
  • a deep anti-falling method for a deep well lifting system comprising a lifting container disposed in the wellbore
  • the intelligent anti-dropping method comprising:
  • Electromagnetic retarding device is evenly arranged along the inner wall of the wellbore, the electromagnetic retarding device comprises a permanent magnet retarder, a mechanical transmission device, a speed sensor, a controller, a manual switch, and the permanent magnet retarder is disposed on the inner wall of the wellbore
  • the magnet holder is formed by a combination of a shielding layer and a pole piece.
  • the shielding layer is a non-magnetic material
  • the pole piece is a magnetic conductive material.
  • a plurality of permanent magnets are arranged on the magnet holder along the moving direction of the lifting container.
  • the adjacent two permanent magnets have opposite polarities, and the permanent magnets are bonded to each other by a non-magnetic magnetic block to form a permanent magnet combination, and a plurality of identical permanent magnet combinations are uniformly arranged in a lateral direction on one side of the inner wall of the wellbore, The opposite side of the inner wall of the wellbore is also symmetrically clothed The same number of permanent magnets are combined.
  • the mechanical transmission is mainly composed of a motor, a reduction gearbox and a gear.
  • the output shaft of the motor is connected to the reduction gearbox.
  • the output shaft of the reduction gearbox is connected to the gear.
  • the gear and the gear assembly are connected by a rack and pinion.
  • the permanent magnet When the motor drives the gear to rotate, the permanent magnet can be combined to move horizontally on the magnet holder.
  • the adjacent permanent magnet magnetic line passes through the pole piece to form a loop, and the permanent magnet is in operation.
  • the permanent magnet magnetic line is shielded by the shielding layer, at which time the permanent magnet is in the shielding position, the speed sensor is connected to the controller, and the speed sensor is used to detect the running speed of the lifting container in real time.
  • the controller is configured to analyze the processing speed signal and send a control signal to the motor, and the handle of the manual switch is directly connected to the motor for manually controlling the permanent magnet combination to move horizontally on the magnet bracket;
  • the mechanical catching device is connected to the lifting container, and the mechanical catching device is a BF type fall arrester;
  • the speed sensor monitors the running speed of the lifting container in real time, and converts the speed signal into an electric signal output to the controller.
  • the controller analyzes and processes the speed sensor signal, and when the lifting wire rope suddenly breaks, the sinking accident occurs.
  • the controller sends an action instruction to the mechanical transmission device, and the mechanical transmission device drives the permanent magnet to leave the shielding position to enter the working position and generate a magnetic field, so that the lifting container can cut the magnetic induction line in the magnetic field.
  • the movement generates a moment that hinders the lifting of the container to continue the movement, and realizes the slow speed control of the lifting container; when the lifting wire rope suddenly breaks and causes the sinking accident, the BF type anti-drop device automatically realizes the stable and reliable catching of the lifting container;
  • Manual anti-drop control When the lifting wire rope suddenly breaks and causes a sinking accident, a manual switch installed inside the lifting container sends an action command to the mechanical transmission device, and the mechanical transmission device drives the permanent magnet away from the shielding position to enter the working position and generate a magnetic field.
  • the lifting container is used to cut the magnetic induction line in the magnetic field, and generates a moment that hinders the lifting container from continuing to move, thereby realizing the slow speed control of the lifting container.
  • the BF type anti-drop device automatically realizes the smooth and reliable grasping of the lifting container. catch.
  • a deep well lifting system intelligent anti-drop device comprising a lifting container disposed in the wellbore, the intelligent anti-drop device comprising an electromagnetic retarding device and a mechanical catching device;
  • the electromagnetic retarding device is evenly arranged along the inner wall of the wellbore, and comprises a permanent magnet retarder, a mechanical transmission device, a speed sensor, a controller, a manual control switch, and the permanent magnet retarder comprises a magnet bracket disposed on the inner wall of the wellbore.
  • the magnet holder is formed by the combination of the shielding layer and the pole piece, the shielding layer is a non-magnetic material, and the pole piece is a magnetic conductive material.
  • a plurality of permanent magnets are arranged on the magnet holder along the moving direction of the lifting container, and two adjacent magnets are arranged.
  • the permanent magnets have opposite polarities, and the permanent magnets are bonded to each other by a non-magnetic magnetic block to form a permanent magnet combination, and a plurality of identical permanent magnet combinations are uniformly arranged in a lateral direction on one side of the inner wall of the wellbore, opposite to the inner wall of the wellbore The same number of permanent magnet combinations are also symmetrically arranged on one side.
  • the mechanical transmission device is mainly composed of a motor, a reduction gear box and a gear.
  • the output shaft of the motor is connected with the reduction gear box, and the output shaft of the reduction gear box is connected with the gear.
  • the combination between the gear and the permanent magnet is
  • the gear rack is meshed and connected, and the gear is rotated by the motor, so that the permanent magnet combination can be horizontally moved on the magnet bracket, and the permanent magnet group Pole pieces are aligned,
  • the magnetic lines of adjacent permanent magnets form a loop through the pole piece.
  • the permanent magnet is in the working position.
  • the speed sensor is connected to the controller, and the speed sensor is used for real-time monitoring of the running speed of the detecting lifting container and sending a speed signal to the controller.
  • the controller is used for analyzing the processing speed signal and sending a control signal to the motor, and the handle of the manual switch is directly
  • the motor is connected for manually controlling the permanent magnet combination to move horizontally on the magnet bracket;
  • the mechanical catching device is connected to the lifting container, and the mechanical catching device is a BF type fall arrester.
  • the permanent magnet is a neodymium iron boron permanent magnet.
  • the BF type fall arrester comprises a tensioning device, a catcher, a brake rope, a connector, a buffer, a buffer rope, and a lower end of the brake rope is connected to the top of the lifting container, and the upper end of the brake rope passes through the catching
  • the rolling friction wedge-shaped catching mechanism of the device is connected to the lower end of the buffer rope through a connector, and the upper end of the buffer rope is connected to the drum at the top of the lifting system through the buffer, the tensioning device is arranged at the bottom of the wellbore, and the tensioning device is tightened by tensioning
  • the rope is attached to the bottom of the lifting vessel for generating a certain tension to tension the brake rope.
  • the present invention is an intelligent anti-drop device for a deep well lifting system based on a permanent magnet type retarder combined with an existing fall arrester, and uses a permanent magnet type retarder to perform slow processing on the lifting container while adopting a fall arrester.
  • Mechanical arrest reduce the working pressure and wear of mechanical anti-dropping device, greatly extend the service life of the equipment, smooth braking, greatly shorten the braking distance, convenient maintenance and repair, energy saving and environmental protection, reliable catching, and speeding up the lifting system It can also be effectively controlled and improve the safety factor of deep well lifting equipment.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic view showing the assembly structure of the present invention
  • Figure 2 is a plan view showing the structure of the permanent magnet retarder in a non-operating state
  • Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of the position of the broken line A in Figure 2;
  • tensioning device 2, electromagnetic retarder, 3, lifting container, 4, catcher, 5, brake rope, 6, connector, 7, buffer, 8, buffer rope, 21, Non-magnetic block, 22, permanent magnet, 23, pole piece, 24, gear, 25, motor, 26, gearbox, 27, shielding layer.
  • the deep well lifting system comprises a lifting container 3 disposed in the wellbore, the intelligent anti-dropping method comprising:
  • Electromagnetic retarding device is evenly arranged along the inner wall of the wellbore, the electromagnetic retarding device comprises a permanent magnet retarder 2, a mechanical transmission device, a speed sensor, a controller, a manual control switch, and the permanent magnet retarder 2 comprises a wellbore
  • the magnet holder on the inner wall is formed by the combination of the shielding layer 27 and the pole piece 23, the shielding layer 27 is a non-magnetic material, and the pole piece 23 is a magnetic conductive material, which moves along the lifting container 3 on the magnet holder.
  • the mechanical transmission device is mainly composed of a motor 25, a reduction gear box 26 and a gear 24, and the output shaft of the motor 25 is connected to the reduction gear box 26 to reduce the speed.
  • the output shaft of the box 26 is connected to the gear 24, and the gear rack is meshed with the combination of the gear 24 and the permanent magnet.
  • the rotation of the gear 24 is driven by the motor 25, so that the permanent magnets can be combined horizontally on the magnet holder, when the permanent magnets are combined.
  • the magnetic lines of the adjacent permanent magnets 22 pass through the pole piece 23 to form a loop.
  • the permanent magnet 22 is in the working position.
  • the magnetic line of the permanent magnet 22 is The shielding layer 27 is shielded.
  • the speed sensor is connected to the controller, and the speed sensor is used for real-time monitoring and control of the running speed of the detecting lifting container 3.
  • the controller is configured to analyze the processing speed signal and send a control signal to the motor 25, and the handle of the manual switch is directly connected to the motor 25 for manually controlling the permanent magnet combination to move horizontally on the magnet bracket;
  • the device is connected to the lifting container 3, and the mechanical catching device is a BF type fall arrester;
  • the speed sensor monitors the running speed of the lifting container 3 in real time, and converts the speed signal into an electric signal output to the controller.
  • the controller analyzes and processes the speed sensor signal, and when the lifting wire rope suddenly breaks, the falling shaft is caused.
  • the controller issues an action command to the mechanical transmission device, and the mechanical transmission device drives the permanent magnet 22 to leave the shielding position to enter the working position and generate a magnetic field, so that the lifting container 3 cuts in the magnetic field.
  • the movement of the magnetic induction line generates a moment that hinders the lifting container 3 from continuing to move, and realizes the slow speed control of the lifting container 3; when the lifting wire rope suddenly breaks and causes a falling accident, the lifting device is automatically realized by the BF type fall arrester. Smooth and reliable arrest;
  • Manual anti-drop control When the lifting wire rope suddenly breaks and causes a sinking accident, a manual switch installed inside the lifting container 3 sends an action command to the mechanical transmission device, and the mechanical transmission device drives the permanent magnet 22 away from the shielding position to enter the working position and The magnetic field is generated, so that the lifting container 3 performs the movement of cutting the magnetic induction line in the magnetic field, generates a moment that hinders the continuous movement of the lifting container 3, realizes the slow speed control of the lifting container 3, and realizes the lifting container automatically by the BF type fall arrester. Smooth and reliable arrest.
  • a deep well lifting system intelligent anti-drop device of the present invention includes a lifting container 3 disposed in a wellbore, the intelligent anti-drop device including an electromagnetic retarding device and a mechanical catching device. .
  • the electromagnetic retarder is evenly arranged along the inner wall of the wellbore, including a permanent magnet retarder 2, a mechanical transmission, a speed sensor, a controller, a manual switch, and the permanent magnet retarder 2 includes a magnet disposed on the inner wall of the wellbore
  • the bracket and the magnet bracket are formed by the combination of the shielding layer 27 and the pole piece 23, the shielding layer 27 is a non-magnetic material, and the pole piece 23 is a magnetic conductive material, and a plurality of spacings are arranged on the magnet bracket along the moving direction of the lifting container 3.
  • the permanent magnet 22 is a neodymium iron boron permanent magnet, and adjacent two permanent magnets 22 have opposite polarities, and the permanent magnets 22 pass non-magnetically
  • the blocks 21 are bonded to each other as a permanent magnet combination, and a plurality of identical permanent magnet combinations are uniformly arranged in a lateral direction on one side of the inner wall of the wellbore, and a same number of permanent magnet combinations are symmetrically arranged on the opposite side of the inner wall of the wellbore, the machine
  • the transmission device is mainly composed of a motor 25, a reduction gear box 26 and a gear 24.
  • the output shaft of the motor 25 is connected to the reduction gear box 26.
  • the output shaft of the reduction gear box 26 is connected to the gear 24, and the gear rack and the permanent magnet combination are meshed with the gear rack.
  • the motor 25 drives the gear 24 to rotate, the permanent magnets can be combined to move horizontally on the magnet holder.
  • the permanent magnets are aligned with the pole pieces 23, the magnetic lines of the adjacent permanent magnets 22 pass through the pole pieces 23 to form a loop.
  • the permanent magnet 22 is in the working position.
  • the speed sensor is connected to the controller, and the speed sensor is used for Real-time monitoring of the running speed of the detecting lifting container 3 and sending a speed signal to the controller for analyzing the processing speed signal and transmitting to the motor 25 System signal, manual switch handle is connected directly to the motor 25, for manually controlling the permanent magnet compositions moved horizontally on the magnet holder.
  • the mechanical catching device is connected to the lifting container 3, and the mechanical catching device is a BF type fall arrester.
  • the BF type fall arrester comprises a tensioning device 1, a catcher 4, a brake rope 5, a connector 6, a buffer 7, and a buffer rope 8.
  • the lower end of the brake rope 5 is connected to the top of the lifting container 3, and the brake rope 5, the upper end passes through the rolling friction wedge-shaped catching mechanism of the catcher 4, and then is connected to the lower end of the buffer rope 8 through the connector 6, and the upper end of the buffer rope 8 is connected to the drum at the uppermost portion of the lifting system through the buffer 7, the tensioning device 1 Arranged at the bottom of the wellbore, the tensioning device 1 is connected to the bottom of the lifting vessel 3 by a tensioning rope for generating a certain tension to tighten the brake rope 5.
  • the brake rope 5 is the main support component of the BF type fall arrester, and the specific number and size of the brake rope 5 are selected according to actual working conditions.
  • the tension spring in the rolling friction wedge-shaped catching mechanism of the catcher 4 is in a stretched state, and the brake rope 5 can pass freely.
  • the tension spring contracts, so that the two sliding wedges simultaneously Moving upward and clamping the brake rope 5, the brake rope 5 is subjected to a vertical upward and gradually increasing frictional resistance in one direction, and the force received on the brake rope 5 is transmitted to the buffer rope 8 through the connector 6, and the buffer rope passes.
  • the bending deformation resistance and the frictional resistance generated at the time of the damper consume the kinetic energy of the lifting container 3, and finally, the smooth and reliable catching of the lifting container 3 is achieved.

Abstract

一种深井提升系统智能防坠方法与装置，该智能防坠方法包括：沿井筒内壁均匀布置电磁缓速装置，所述电磁缓速装置包括永磁式缓速器（2）、机械传动装置、速度传感器、控制器、手控开关，永磁式缓速器（2）包括设置在井筒内壁上的磁铁支架，磁铁支架是由屏蔽层（27）和磁极片（23）嵌接组合而成，在磁铁支架上沿提升容器运动方向间隔设置若干个永磁体（22），永磁体（22）之间通过非导磁块（21）相互粘结为一个永磁体组合，机械传动装置与永磁体组合连接，可以使永磁体组合在磁铁支架上做水平移动，同时将机械抓捕装置与提升容器相连。通过永磁式缓速器对提升容器进行缓速处理的同时采用防坠器进行机械抓捕，制动平稳，抓捕可靠，提高了深井提升设备的安全系数。

Description

一种深井提升系统智能防坠方法与装置 技术领域
本发明属于深井提升系统防坠技术领域，具体涉及一种永磁式缓速器与传统机械式防坠器相结合的深井提升系统智能防坠方法与装置。
背景技术
近年来，随着煤炭产业迅速发展，我国对煤矿安全的要求也越来越严格，但采矿业目前仍是高危行业之一。其中，深井提升设备是连接井下和地面的重要设备，一旦深井提升系统发生坠物事故，造成人员伤亡的同时也伴随着设备损毁、生产中断、延误工期等一系列问题，严重影响矿山生产活动的正常进行。在深井提升系统工作期间，由于提升钢丝绳断裂、违章作业、安全设施不完善、检修不到位、安全设施误操作、控制系统失灵等原因均可能造成坠物事故。此时，防坠系统是唯一可以使提升容器平稳停止、保障工作人员和运输设备安全的有效手段。因此，设计一种安全可靠的防坠系统对于减少坠物事故的发生、提高煤矿产业安全性具有重要的现实意义。
在深井提升系统中加装防坠器，是国内外对提升设备采取的主要安全保护措施。随着各种类型防坠器的推广和应用，在一定程度上有效的减少了矿难事故的发生，但矿井提升设备事故仍然存在。目前各类矿山普遍使用的防坠器有三种，分别为FS型防坠器、GS型防坠器和BF型防坠器。这三种防坠器都是由安装在提升容器上的抓捕器、安装在井架上的缓冲器、缓冲绳、制动绳、连接器、拉紧装置这几部分组成，三种防坠器的区别主要是抓捕器的不同。
FS型防坠器是沈阳煤矿设计研究院根据苏联的“断绳保险器”设计而成，采用杠杆滑楔式抓捕机构，当提升钢丝绳突然断裂后，弹簧伸长，通过传动机构引导两块楔子向上运动，贴紧制动绳，楔子与制动绳之间存在摩擦力，摩擦力不断增大直至完全抓住制动绳，最终实现提升容器制动，具有动作灵敏、抓捕较可靠等优点，但抓捕后恢复过程较困难，误动作较多，且结构复杂、自重较大。
GS型防坠器采用偏心杠杆闸瓦式抓捕机构，当提升钢丝绳突然断裂后，弹簧伸长，通过传动机构使偏心杠杆发生转动，两个闸瓦逐渐逼近直至卡死主制动绳，实现制动效果，具有自重较轻、复位容易、更为安全可靠等优点，但磨损严重，需要定期更换零部件。
BF型防坠器采用滚动摩擦楔形抓捕机构，当提升钢丝绳突然断裂后，拉簧收缩，通过传动机构使得两块滑楔同时向上运动并贴紧制动绳，楔子与制动绳之间产生的摩擦力使得楔子继续向上运动，直至完全抓紧制动绳，实现对坠落提升容器的抓捕，具有结构 简单、自重轻、抓捕可靠、复位方便、安全系数高、零部件使用寿命长、维修方便等优点，但在制动过程中由于惯性作用，提升容器会产生较大震动，且在发生飞车事故(绞车控制系统失灵)时无法产生有效制动动作。
上述几种防坠器均是通过机械传动使闸瓦或楔子贴紧制动绳，利用两者之间产生的摩擦力实现制动效果，属于机械抓捕，磨损较大、拉力弹簧断裂、制动过程震动较大及制动距离较长等问题。
目前磁力缓速器多用于重型卡车的制动系统中，包括电磁缓速器和永磁式缓速器两种。
电磁缓速器是在汽车领域应用较多的一种磁力缓速器，电磁线圈安装在定子上，通过控制定子绕组的通断电和电流大小来控制电磁缓速器的励磁和制动力矩大小，具有结构简单，生产成本不高，制动转矩范围广，响应时间快，工作噪音小，制动转矩可调，低故障率，维修方便等优点；但电磁缓速器是通过电磁线圈励磁，线圈发热严重，易引起热衰退(由于制动时间较长或制动力矩较大使线圈发热而导致的制动力矩下降、制动距离变长的现象)，高能耗，蓄电池快速放电后需长时间充电，恢复时间较长且蓄电池经常大功率放电会降低使用寿命，增加了维护成本，不够节能环保。
永磁式缓速器是利用自身固有的永磁体产生磁场，通过机械传动控制永磁体位置来控制励磁路径，从而控制制动力矩的变化，克服了电磁缓速器能耗大、热衰退等问题，永磁式缓速器采用高性能的钕铁硼永磁体励磁，无需供电，永磁体本身不会发热，不存在热衰退现象，不需要配备蓄电池，易实现轻量化，励磁稳定，制动力矩稳定。
目前磁力缓速器在交通运输业应用较多，市场上还没有出现通过磁力缓速器与防坠器相结合的防坠装置及方法对深井提升系统进行安全保护。
发明内容
发明目的：本发明的目的是为了解决已有技术的缺陷，提供一种永磁式缓速器与现有防坠器相结合的深井提升系统智能防坠方法与装置。
为了实现上述目的，本发明采用了如下的技术方案：一种深井提升系统智能防坠方法，该深井提升系统包括设置在井筒内的提升容器，该智能防坠方法包括：
沿井筒内壁均匀布置电磁缓速装置，所述电磁缓速装置包括永磁式缓速器、机械传动装置、速度传感器、控制器、手控开关，永磁式缓速器包括设置在井筒内壁上的磁铁支架，磁铁支架是由屏蔽层和磁极片嵌接组合而成，屏蔽层为非导磁材料，磁极片为导磁材料，在磁铁支架上沿提升容器运动方向间隔设置若干个永磁体，并且相邻两个永磁体极性相反，永磁体之间通过非导磁块相互粘结为一个永磁体组合，在井筒内壁的其中一侧沿横向方向均匀布置多个同样的永磁体组合，在井筒内壁的对面一侧也同样对称布 置数量相同的永磁体组合，机械传动装置主要由电机、减速箱和齿轮组成，电机输出轴与减速箱相连，减速箱输出轴与齿轮相连，齿轮与永磁体组合之间为齿轮齿条啮合连接，通过电机带动齿轮旋转，可以使永磁体组合在磁铁支架上做水平移动，当永磁体组合对准磁极片时，相邻永磁体磁感线穿过磁极片形成回路，此时永磁体处于工作位置，当永磁体组合与磁极片相互错开时，永磁体磁感线被屏蔽层屏蔽，此时永磁体处于屏蔽位置，速度传感器连接控制器，速度传感器用于对检测提升容器的运行速度进行实时监测并向控制器发送速度信号，控制器用于分析处理速度信号并向电机发送控制信号，手控开关的手柄直接与电机相连，用于手动控制永磁体组合在磁铁支架上做水平移动；同时将机械抓捕装置与提升容器相连，机械抓捕装置为BF型防坠器；
自动防坠控制：速度传感器对提升容器的运行速度进行实时监测，并把速度信号转化为电信号输出至控制器，控制器对速度传感器信号进行分析处理，当提升钢丝绳突然发生断裂引起坠井事故或提升容器的运行速度超过安全范围时，控制器向机械传动装置发出动作指令，通过机械传动装置带动永磁体离开屏蔽位置进入工作位置并产生磁场，使提升容器在磁场中做切割磁感线的运动，产生阻碍提升容器继续运动的力矩，实现对提升容器的缓速控制；当提升钢丝绳突然发生断裂引起坠井事故时，通过BF型防坠器自动实现对提升容器的平稳、可靠抓捕；
手动防坠控制：当提升钢丝绳突然发生断裂引起坠井事故时，通过安装在提升容器内部的手动开关向机械传动装置发出动作指令，通过机械传动装置带动永磁体离开屏蔽位置进入工作位置并产生磁场，使提升容器在磁场中做切割磁感线的运动，产生阻碍提升容器继续运动的力矩，实现对提升容器的缓速控制；同时通过BF型防坠器自动实现对提升容器的平稳、可靠抓捕。
一种深井提升系统智能防坠装置，该深井提升系统包括设置在井筒内的提升容器，该智能防坠装置包括电磁缓速装置和机械抓捕装置；
所述电磁缓速装置沿井筒内壁均匀布置，包括永磁式缓速器、机械传动装置、速度传感器、控制器、手控开关，永磁式缓速器包括设置在井筒内壁上的磁铁支架，磁铁支架是由屏蔽层和磁极片嵌接组合而成，屏蔽层为非导磁材料，磁极片为导磁材料，在磁铁支架上沿提升容器运动方向间隔设置若干个永磁体，并且相邻两个永磁体极性相反，永磁体之间通过非导磁块相互粘结为一个永磁体组合，在井筒内壁的其中一侧沿横向方向均匀布置多个同样的永磁体组合，在井筒内壁的对面一侧也同样对称布置数量相同的永磁体组合，机械传动装置主要由电机、减速箱和齿轮组成，电机输出轴与减速箱相连，减速箱输出轴与齿轮相连，齿轮与永磁体组合之间为齿轮齿条啮合连接，通过电机带动齿轮旋转，可以使永磁体组合在磁铁支架上做水平移动，当永磁体组合对准磁极片时， 相邻永磁体磁感线穿过磁极片形成回路，此时永磁体处于工作位置，当永磁体组合与磁极片相互错开时，永磁体磁感线被屏蔽层屏蔽，此时永磁体处于屏蔽位置，速度传感器连接控制器，速度传感器用于对检测提升容器的运行速度进行实时监测并向控制器发送速度信号，控制器用于分析处理速度信号并向电机发送控制信号，手控开关的手柄直接与电机相连，用于手动控制永磁体组合在磁铁支架上做水平移动；
所述机械抓捕装置与提升容器相连，机械抓捕装置为BF型防坠器。
进一步的，所述永磁体为钕铁硼永磁体。
进一步的，所述BF型防坠器包括拉紧装置、抓捕器、制动绳、连接器、缓冲器、缓冲绳，制动绳下端与提升容器顶部相连，制动绳上端穿过抓捕器的滚动摩擦楔形抓捕机构后再通过连接器与缓冲绳下端相连，缓冲绳上端穿过缓冲器与提升系统最上方的滚筒相连，拉紧装置布置在井筒最下方，拉紧装置通过拉紧绳与提升容器底部相连，用于产生一定的拉紧力来拉紧制动绳。
有益效果：本发明是基于永磁式缓速器与现有防坠器相结合的深井提升系统智能防坠装置，通过永磁式缓速器对提升容器进行缓速处理的同时采用防坠器进行机械抓捕，减小机械式防坠器工作压力和磨损，大大延长了设备使用寿命，制动平稳，大大缩短制动距离，维护检修方便，节能环保，抓捕可靠，对提升系统超速运行也能有效控制，提高了深井提升设备的安全系数。
附图说明
图1是本发明的装配结构示意图；
图2是永磁式缓速器非工作状态时的结构俯视图；
图3是图2中虚线A位置的剖面图；
图中，1、拉紧装置，2、电磁缓速器，3、提升容器，4、抓捕器，5、制动绳，6、连接器，7、缓冲器，8、缓冲绳，21、非导磁块，22、永磁体，23、磁极片，24、齿轮，25、电机，26、减速箱，27、屏蔽层。
具体实施方式：
下面结合附图对本发明做更进一步的解释。
如图1至3所示，本发明的一种深井提升系统智能防坠方法，该深井提升系统包括设置在井筒内的提升容器3，该智能防坠方法包括：
沿井筒内壁均匀布置电磁缓速装置，所述电磁缓速装置包括永磁式缓速器2、机械传动装置、速度传感器、控制器、手控开关，永磁式缓速器2包括设置在井筒内壁上的磁铁支架，磁铁支架是由屏蔽层27和磁极片23嵌接组合而成，屏蔽层27为非导磁材料，磁极片23为导磁材料，在磁铁支架上沿提升容器3运动方向间隔设置若干个永磁 体22，并且相邻两个永磁体22极性相反，永磁体22之间通过非导磁块21相互粘结为一个永磁体组合，在井筒内壁的其中一侧沿横向方向均匀布置多个同样的永磁体组合，在井筒内壁的对面一侧也同样对称布置数量相同的永磁体组合，机械传动装置主要由电机25、减速箱26和齿轮24组成，电机25输出轴与减速箱26相连，减速箱26输出轴与齿轮24相连，齿轮24与永磁体组合之间为齿轮齿条啮合连接，通过电机25带动齿轮24旋转，可以使永磁体组合在磁铁支架上做水平移动，当永磁体组合对准磁极片23时，相邻永磁体22磁感线穿过磁极片23形成回路，此时永磁体22处于工作位置，当永磁体组合与磁极片23相互错开时，永磁体22磁感线被屏蔽层27屏蔽，此时永磁体22处于屏蔽位置，速度传感器连接控制器，速度传感器用于对检测提升容器3的运行速度进行实时监测并向控制器发送速度信号，控制器用于分析处理速度信号并向电机25发送控制信号，手控开关的手柄直接与电机25相连，用于手动控制永磁体组合在磁铁支架上做水平移动；同时将机械抓捕装置与提升容器3相连，机械抓捕装置为BF型防坠器；
自动防坠控制：速度传感器对提升容器3的运行速度进行实时监测，并把速度信号转化为电信号输出至控制器，控制器对速度传感器信号进行分析处理，当提升钢丝绳突然发生断裂引起坠井事故或提升容器3的运行速度超过安全范围时，控制器向机械传动装置发出动作指令，通过机械传动装置带动永磁体22离开屏蔽位置进入工作位置并产生磁场，使提升容器3在磁场中做切割磁感线的运动，产生阻碍提升容器3继续运动的力矩，实现对提升容器3的缓速控制；当提升钢丝绳突然发生断裂引起坠井事故时，通过BF型防坠器自动实现对提升容器的平稳、可靠抓捕；
手动防坠控制：当提升钢丝绳突然发生断裂引起坠井事故时，通过安装在提升容器3内部的手动开关向机械传动装置发出动作指令，通过机械传动装置带动永磁体22离开屏蔽位置进入工作位置并产生磁场，使提升容器3在磁场中做切割磁感线的运动，产生阻碍提升容器3继续运动的力矩，实现对提升容器3的缓速控制；同时通过BF型防坠器自动实现对提升容器的平稳、可靠抓捕。
如图1至3所示，本发明的一种深井提升系统智能防坠装置，该深井提升系统包括设置在井筒内的提升容器3，该智能防坠装置包括电磁缓速装置和机械抓捕装置。
所述电磁缓速装置沿井筒内壁均匀布置，包括永磁式缓速器2、机械传动装置、速度传感器、控制器、手控开关，永磁式缓速器2包括设置在井筒内壁上的磁铁支架，磁铁支架是由屏蔽层27和磁极片23嵌接组合而成，屏蔽层27为非导磁材料，磁极片23为导磁材料，在磁铁支架上沿提升容器3运动方向间隔设置若干个永磁体22，所述永磁体22为钕铁硼永磁体，并且相邻两个永磁体22极性相反，永磁体22之间通过非导磁 块21相互粘结为一个永磁体组合，在井筒内壁的其中一侧沿横向方向均匀布置多个同样的永磁体组合，在井筒内壁的对面一侧也同样对称布置数量相同的永磁体组合，机械传动装置主要由电机25、减速箱26和齿轮24组成，电机25输出轴与减速箱26相连，减速箱26输出轴与齿轮24相连，齿轮24与永磁体组合之间为齿轮齿条啮合连接，通过电机25带动齿轮24旋转，可以使永磁体组合在磁铁支架上做水平移动，当永磁体组合对准磁极片23时，相邻永磁体22磁感线穿过磁极片23形成回路，此时永磁体22处于工作位置，当永磁体组合与磁极片23相互错开时，永磁体22磁感线被屏蔽层27屏蔽，此时永磁体22处于屏蔽位置，速度传感器连接控制器，速度传感器用于对检测提升容器3的运行速度进行实时监测并向控制器发送速度信号，控制器用于分析处理速度信号并向电机25发送控制信号，手控开关的手柄直接与电机25相连，用于手动控制永磁体组合在磁铁支架上做水平移动。
所述机械抓捕装置与提升容器3相连，机械抓捕装置为BF型防坠器。所述BF型防坠器包括拉紧装置1、抓捕器4、制动绳5、连接器6、缓冲器7、缓冲绳8，制动绳5下端与提升容器3顶部相连，制动绳5上端穿过抓捕器4的滚动摩擦楔形抓捕机构后再通过连接器6与缓冲绳8下端相连，缓冲绳8上端穿过缓冲器7与提升系统最上方的滚筒相连，拉紧装置1布置在井筒最下方，拉紧装置1通过拉紧绳与提升容器3底部相连，用于产生一定的拉紧力来拉紧制动绳5。所述的制动绳5是BF型防坠器的主要支撑元件，制动绳5的具体根数及尺寸要根据实际工况进行选择。
在提升过程中，抓捕器4的滚动摩擦楔形抓捕机构中的拉簧为拉伸状态，制动绳5可自由穿过，一旦提升钢丝绳发生断裂，拉簧收缩，使两块滑楔同时向上运动并夹紧制动绳5，使制动绳5受到一个方向垂直向上且逐渐增大的摩擦阻力，通过连接器6把制动绳5上承受的力传递给缓冲绳8，缓冲绳通过缓冲器时产成的弯曲变形阻力和摩擦阻力来消耗提升容器3的动能，最终实现对提升容器3的平稳、可靠抓捕。
以上所述仅是本发明的优选实施方式，应当指出，对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明原理的前提下，还可以做出若干改进和润饰，这些改进和润饰也应视为本发明的保护范围。

Claims (4)

  1. 一种深井提升系统智能防坠方法，该深井提升系统包括设置在井筒内的提升容器(3)，该智能防坠方法包括：
    沿井筒内壁均匀布置电磁缓速装置，所述电磁缓速装置包括永磁式缓速器(2)、机械传动装置、速度传感器、控制器、手控开关，永磁式缓速器(2)包括设置在井筒内壁上的磁铁支架，磁铁支架是由屏蔽层(27)和磁极片(23)嵌接组合而成，屏蔽层(27)为非导磁材料，磁极片(23)为导磁材料，在磁铁支架上沿提升容器(3)运动方向间隔设置若干个永磁体(22)，并且相邻两个永磁体(22)极性相反，永磁体(22)之间通过非导磁块(21)相互粘结为一个永磁体组合，在井筒内壁的其中一侧沿横向方向均匀布置多个同样的永磁体组合，在井筒内壁的对面一侧也同样对称布置数量相同的永磁体组合，机械传动装置主要由电机(25)、减速箱(26)和齿轮(24)组成，电机(25)输出轴与减速箱(26)相连，减速箱(26)输出轴与齿轮(24)相连，齿轮(24)与永磁体组合之间为齿轮齿条啮合连接，通过电机(25)带动齿轮(24)旋转，可以使永磁体组合在磁铁支架上做水平移动，当永磁体组合对准磁极片(23)时，相邻永磁体(22)磁感线穿过磁极片(23)形成回路，此时永磁体(22)处于工作位置，当永磁体组合与磁极片(23)相互错开时，永磁体(22)磁感线被屏蔽层(27)屏蔽，此时永磁体(22)处于屏蔽位置，速度传感器连接控制器，速度传感器用于对检测提升容器(3)的运行速度进行实时监测并向控制器发送速度信号，控制器用于分析处理速度信号并向电机(25)发送控制信号，手控开关的手柄直接与电机(25)相连，用于手动控制永磁体组合在磁铁支架上做水平移动；同时将机械抓捕装置与提升容器(3)相连，机械抓捕装置为BF型防坠器；
    自动防坠控制：速度传感器对提升容器(3)的运行速度进行实时监测，并把速度信号转化为电信号输出至控制器，控制器对速度传感器信号进行分析处理，当提升钢丝绳突然发生断裂引起坠井事故或提升容器(3)的运行速度超过安全范围时，控制器向机械传动装置发出动作指令，通过机械传动装置带动永磁体(22)离开屏蔽位置进入工作位置并产生磁场，使提升容器(3)在磁场中做切割磁感线的运动，产生阻碍提升容器(3)继续运动的力矩，实现对提升容器(3)的缓速控制；当提升钢丝绳突然发生断裂引起坠井事故时，通过BF型防坠器自动实现对提升容器的平稳、可靠抓捕；
    手动防坠控制：当提升钢丝绳突然发生断裂引起坠井事故时，通过安装在提升容器(3)内部的手动开关向机械传动装置发出动作指令，通过机械传动装置带动永磁体(22)离开屏蔽位置进入工作位置并产生磁场，使提升容器(3)在磁场中做切割磁感线的运动，产生阻碍提升容器(3)继续运动的力矩，实现对提升容器(3)的缓速控制；同时通过BF型防坠器自动实现对提升容器的平稳、可靠抓捕。
  2. 一种深井提升系统智能防坠装置，该深井提升系统包括设置在井筒内的提升容器(3)，其特征在于：该智能防坠装置包括电磁缓速装置和机械抓捕装置；
    所述电磁缓速装置沿井筒内壁均匀布置，包括永磁式缓速器(2)、机械传动装置、速度传感器、控制器、手控开关，永磁式缓速器(2)包括设置在井筒内壁上的磁铁支架，磁铁支架是由屏蔽层(27)和磁极片(23)嵌接组合而成，屏蔽层(27)为非导磁材料，磁极片(23)为导磁材料，在磁铁支架上沿提升容器(3)运动方向间隔设置若干个永磁体(22)，并且相邻两个永磁体(22)极性相反，永磁体(22)之间通过非导磁块(21)相互粘结为一个永磁体组合，在井筒内壁的其中一侧沿横向方向均匀布置多个同样的永磁体组合，在井筒内壁的对面一侧也同样对称布置数量相同的永磁体组合，机械传动装置主要由电机(25)、减速箱(26)和齿轮(24)组成，电机(25)输出轴与减速箱(26)相连，减速箱(26)输出轴与齿轮(24)相连，齿轮(24)与永磁体组合之间为齿轮齿条啮合连接，通过电机(25)带动齿轮(24)旋转，可以使永磁体组合在磁铁支架上做水平移动，当永磁体组合对准磁极片(23)时，相邻永磁体(22)磁感线穿过磁极片(23)形成回路，此时永磁体(22)处于工作位置，当永磁体组合与磁极片(23)相互错开时，永磁体(22)磁感线被屏蔽层(27)屏蔽，此时永磁体(22)处于屏蔽位置，速度传感器连接控制器，速度传感器用于对检测提升容器(3)的运行速度进行实时监测并向控制器发送速度信号，控制器用于分析处理速度信号并向电机(25)发送控制信号，手控开关的手柄直接与电机(25)相连，用于手动控制永磁体组合在磁铁支架上做水平移动；
    所述机械抓捕装置与提升容器(3)相连，机械抓捕装置为BF型防坠器。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的一种深井提升系统智能防坠装置，其特征在于，所述永磁体(22)为钕铁硼永磁体。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的一种深井提升系统智能防坠装置，其特征在于，所述BF型防坠器包括拉紧装置(1)、抓捕器(4)、制动绳(5)、连接器(6)、缓冲器(7)、缓冲绳(8)，制动绳(5)下端与提升容器(3)顶部相连，制动绳(5)上端穿过抓捕器(4)的滚动摩擦楔形抓捕机构后再通过连接器(6)与缓冲绳(8)下端相连，缓冲绳(8)上端穿过缓冲器(7)与提升系统最上方的滚筒相连，拉紧装置(1)布置在井筒最下方，拉紧装置(1)通过拉紧绳与提升容器(3)底部相连，用于产生一定的拉紧力来拉紧制动绳(5)。
PCT/CN2016/109362 2016-12-05 2016-12-12 一种深井提升系统智能防坠方法与装置 WO2018103111A1 (zh)

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