Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
  • B03B—SEPARATING SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS
  • B03B5/00—Washing granular, powdered or lumpy materials; Wet separating
  • B03B5/28—Washing granular, powdered or lumpy materials; Wet separating by sink-float separation
  • B03B5/30—Washing granular, powdered or lumpy materials; Wet separating by sink-float separation using heavy liquids or suspensions
  • B03B5/36—Devices therefor, other than using centrifugal force
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
  • B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
  • B07B9/00—Combinations of apparatus for screening or sifting or for separating solids from solids using gas currents; General arrangement of plant, e.g. flow sheets
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
  • B03B—SEPARATING SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS
  • B03B11/00—Feed or discharge devices integral with washing or wet-separating equipment
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
  • B03B—SEPARATING SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS
  • B03B5/00—Washing granular, powdered or lumpy materials; Wet separating
  • B03B5/62—Washing granular, powdered or lumpy materials; Wet separating by hydraulic classifiers, e.g. of launder, tank, spiral or helical chute concentrator type
  • B03B5/623—Upward current classifiers
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
  • B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
  • B03D1/00—Flotation
  • B03D1/14—Flotation machines
  • B03D1/1443—Feed or discharge mechanisms for flotation tanks
  • B03D1/1462—Discharge mechanisms for the froth
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
  • B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
  • B03D1/00—Flotation
  • B03D1/14—Flotation machines
  • B03D1/1443—Feed or discharge mechanisms for flotation tanks
  • B03D1/1468—Discharge mechanisms for the sediments
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
  • B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
  • B03D1/00—Flotation
  • B03D1/14—Flotation machines
  • B03D1/24—Pneumatic
  • B03D1/242—Nozzles for injecting gas into the flotation tank
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
  • B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
  • B07B1/00—Sieving, screening, sifting, or sorting solid materials using networks, gratings, grids, or the like
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
  • B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
  • B07B4/00—Separating solids from solids by subjecting their mixture to gas currents
  • B07B4/08—Separating solids from solids by subjecting their mixture to gas currents while the mixtures are supported by sieves, screens, or like mechanical elements
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
  • B03B—SEPARATING SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS
  • B03B5/00—Washing granular, powdered or lumpy materials; Wet separating
  • B03B5/28—Washing granular, powdered or lumpy materials; Wet separating by sink-float separation
  • B03B5/30—Washing granular, powdered or lumpy materials; Wet separating by sink-float separation using heavy liquids or suspensions
  • B03B5/36—Devices therefor, other than using centrifugal force
  • B03B5/40—Devices therefor, other than using centrifugal force of trough type
  • B03B2005/405—Devices therefor, other than using centrifugal force of trough type using horizontal currents
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
  • B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
  • B03D1/00—Flotation
  • B03D1/14—Flotation machines

Definitions

• the present invention can be included within the technical field of separation of materials, in particular of solid materials. More specifically, the object of the invention relates to a densimetric type waste separator, that is, separating waste, particularly debris, according to its density. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
• U200401407 refers to a separator with a tank filled with water, to receive the debris, through a feed hopper, and separate the residues by flotation.
• Floating waste that is, of lower density, such as paper, plastics, wood, etc.
• Floating waste is removed through a first conveyor belt, which beats the surface of the water to bring the waste closer to the first conveyor belt.
• the densest waste sinks and decants to the bottom, where a second conveyor belt picks them up and evicts them from the tank.
• U200602591 and US7775371 incorporate improvements with respect to U200401407.
• U200602591 additionally comprises a vibrating screen, which precedes the feed hopper and the bowl, which can be simple (i.e., leaving only the thickest or only the finest), or double (i.e., filtering so much the finest as the thickest, to pass only the intermediate) to pre-select the waste before being admitted to the tank, preventing the finest (sandstones and the like) from accessing the tank and filling it with silt, sludge and Similar.
• a third conveyor belt is also available that removes sedimented waste, where sprinklers are preferably arranged on the third belt to wash the waste. It also includes the incorporation of a plenum to remove plastic waste by blowing air.
• the densimetric separator of the invention comprises a vat intended to contain a fluid to separate by density the residues in floated residues and decanted residues.
• the separator further comprises automatic feeding means, such as for example a vibrating screen, to feed the tank with waste.
• automatic feeding means such as for example a vibrating screen
• a waste hopper is additionally inserted between the automatic feeding means and the tank, to be fed from said automatic feeding means and in turn to feed the tank.
• Motorized belt conveyors are additionally arranged, to remove waste from the tank, each with a chassis and a conveyor belt, and which in turn comprise:
• the separator further comprises a blow selection device, which in turn comprises:
• a diffuser located under the automatic feeding means, and communicated with the lifting semiconduct to receive a first portion of the turbine's air flow and cause an expulsion of air in a vertical or inclined direction, which raises lighter waste (bags , PET bottles, papers), where on the other hand the expulsion semiconduct transports a second portion of the air flow, which causes a horizontal expulsion of air to remove light debris - once elevated by means of the first flow - towards a lateral conduction avoiding interference with other heavier fractions of waste.
• One of the aforementioned improvements refers to the incorporation of submerged bubbling means, which preferably cover the entire width of the tank, to generate bubbles that facilitate flotation of the lighter materials. It is achieved, by bubbling, to reduce the time that lighter materials remain in contact with water, which implies, on the one hand, faster removal of lighter materials, and on the other hand, less pollution of the water used, as well as lower water consumption, because it does not absorb so much water.
• Another improvement refers to the aforementioned plenum.
• the present invention incorporates a blow selection device, comprising an air turbine that supplies an air flow through a duct that branches into two semi-ducts. Therefore, the blown air is forked in two paths.
• a first path carries a first portion of the flow, which causes a vertical expulsion of air to raise light debris before accessing the tank; while a second path carries a second portion of the air flow, which causes a horizontal expulsion of air to remove light debris - once elevated by means of the first flow - into a lateral conduction thus avoiding interference with other heavier fractions of waste
• Figure 1. Shows a side view of the densimetric waste separator according to the present invention.
• Figure 2. Shows a top view of the densimetric separator of figure 1.
• Figure 3. Shows a front view of the densimetric separator from the left side of Figures 1 and 2.
• Figure 4. Shows a detail of the blow selection device, in side view, from the side opposite of Figure 1.
• Figure 7. It shows a detailed view of a bubbling means provided with bubble injectors, to inject air bubbles into the tank and help to float the floated residues.
• Figure 8.- Shows an additional detail of the position of the injectors.
• Figure 9. Shows a detail of the location of some supports on which the injectors are supported.
• the densimetric waste separator of the invention is especially suitable for separating construction debris, in particular, in the first place, for removing lighter and bulkier materials, such as papers, plastic bottles and bags; next, less light but not heavy components, such as wood, cardboard, strapping and hard plastics or inert materials; and finally separate from among the heaviest (construction materials themselves), those of greater caliber (stones, rubble) of those of smaller caliber (sand, fine and sludge).
• the bubbling means comprise at least one, preferably a plurality, of injectors (2) inside the tank (1) to provide pressure and direction to the bubbles. Air bubbles drag floated debris that has accessed the tank (1) to the surface of the water, helping its buoyancy.
• the injectors (2) are mounted on an injection tube (41), preferably horizontal, oriented to the width of the tank (1). Also preferably, the injectors (2), where appropriate with the injection tube (41), are supported on one or more supports (42) that start from a waste hopper (16), which may optionally be arranged, and that will be described later.
• respective motorized belt conveyors (3, 4) which are float belt conveyors (3) and belt conveyors (4), with their respective chassis (5) and conveyor belt (6) corresponding, to extract waste from the tank (1), in particular, to stop respectively extracting materials floated on one side and decanted on the other.
• the conveyor belt (6) of the float conveyor (3) can incorporate protruding brushes (9), to clean the wall of the tank (1), and also to retain the floats, since due to their low density they may not accompany the movement of the conveyor belt (6).
• a retainer (10) is mounted, preferably a rotating roller, which contacts the brushes (9) in its path, to release the brushes (9) of impurities, which fall out of the tank (1).
• the bottom cleaner (11) may comprise a motorized belt conveyor, with a conveyor belt, optionally provided with lower transverse projections. collecting and dragging sludge deposited at the bottom of the tank (1) against a corresponding side wall of said tank (1), and conveniently inclined, outwards.
• the bottom cleaner (1 1) preferably comprises a first worm (12) and a second worm (13).
• At least the second worm screw (13), preferably the two worm screws (12, 13), comprise a sleeve (14) and at least one blade (15) coaxially rotatable with its corresponding sleeve (14). It is preferred that the blade (15) or the blades (15) of at least one of the endless screws (12, 13), preferably of the two endless screws (12, 13), have no physical axis, stop by side to have more space, which allows greater load capacity and, where appropriate, to be able to drag larger bodies, and on the other hand, as will be explained below, to facilitate a drainage of the water that accompanies the collected waste, so advantageous, and contrary to what happens in U200602591.
• the blade (15) or the blades (15) are helical in shape and cover a greater path than that corresponding to a propeller passage.
• the first worm (12) runs through the bottom of the tank (1), preferably horizontally, while the second worm (13) is installed externally to the tank (1), as well as inclined, to collect inferiorly the waste transported by the first worm (12) and raise said waste for later disposal. Waste transported by the second worm
• the tank (1) can preferably receive the waste from a waste hopper (16).
• the waste hopper (16) can be fed automatically, through a feed conveyor (17), from automatic feeding means (18, 37); the automatic feeding means (18, 37) can comprise, for example, a vibrating screen (18), which in the embodiment shown in the figures is a double screen (18), but which can also be simple, intended to selectively allow the access of the waste to the tank (1), depending on its size, for example, by carrying out a pre-separation of: on the one hand, residues that are thicker and therefore are not easily removed by the conveyor of decanted (4); and on the other hand, the smaller remains (mainly sand), which tend to form sludges that fill the tank (1).
• a simple screen comprises a single vibrating tray that separates larger and smaller materials.
• a double sieve (18) as shown, it comprises two inclined vibratory trays (19, 20), one of them being an upper tray (19) and the other a lower tray (20).
• the upper tray (19) has a larger step size for retaining larger rests, which are discarded, and therefore do not access the tank (1).
• the lower tray (20) has a smaller step size to retain intermediate size remains, which are those that access the tank (1), while the lower tray (20) lets pass smaller size remains , such as arenas and the like, that are evicted and therefore do not access the tank (1).
• the invention also provides for the implementation of a blow selection device (21), which acts in the area of the screen (1) and comprising an air turbine (22) that supplies an air flow, through a corresponding duct (23).
• the conduit (23) is branched into a lifting semiconduct (26) and an ejection semiconduct (27) to divide the flow of air from the turbine (22) into the first portion and the second portion.
• the lifting semiconduct (26) transports the first portion to a diffuser (39) located under the automatic feeding means (18, 37), for example the screen (18), to cause an expulsion in a vertical or inclined direction of air , for example towards an air hopper (40), to raise lighter waste (bags, PET bottles, papers).
• a diffuser (39) located under the automatic feeding means (18, 37), for example the screen (18), to cause an expulsion in a vertical or inclined direction of air , for example towards an air hopper (40), to raise lighter waste (bags, PET bottles, papers).
• the ejection semiconduct (27) transports the second portion, for example to the opposite end of the air hopper (40), which causes a horizontal expulsion of air to remove light debris - once raised by means of the first flow - towards a lateral conduction (28) thus avoiding interference with other heavier fractions of waste.
• the lateral conduction (28) flows laterally creating an autonomous separation for the floats.
• a regulator (not shown) mounted in the conduit (23) allows to regulate the total flow flowing through the conduit (23), as well as the rate of said total flow that is derived to the first flow and the second flow.
• a lateral conveyor (30) preferably non-motorized, has been arranged to remove the residues of larger size, retained in the upper tray (19) of the sieve (18), which, by effect of vibration, they fall laterally to said lateral conveyor (30) by gravity, since the upper tray (19) is inclined.
• the finest sized waste (sandstones, fines and sludges), which pass through the lower tray (20), are collected by a fine collector (25) towards a fine tape (24), which removes the fines .
• the intermediate sized waste retained in the lower tray (20), access, towards the tank (1), preferably for example, through the aforementioned feed conveyor (17), passing through the waste hopper (16).
• the settling conveyor (4) incorporates a shaft (31), supported by bearings (32), with both the shaft (31) and the bearings (32) being inside the bowl (1).
• the tank (1) comprises compartments (33) that are sealed, and accessible from the outside, by means of covers (34) and gaskets. tightness (35), in which, once the shafts (31) are mounted, the bearings (32) are housed. In this way the operation is improved, and the duration of the bearings (32) is increased, as well as preventing the water in the tank (1) from becoming contaminated with the grease of the bearings (32).
• the separator of the invention in particular the tank (1), can be sized to allow its transfer to the place where the waste is produced, for example to a work or construction, in case of debris, or they can also be of dimensions older and be located in a separation facility where waste from different locations arrive.
• the tank (1) can incorporate a handle (36), for example a slightly bulged bar upwards in its central part, to allow a crane to lift or tow it to mount it in a transport vehicle.
• the transport of the separator can be simplified if the automatic feeding means (18, 37) comprise, alternatively to the double sieve (18), a vibrating feeder (37), of smaller height, which facilitates the distribution and entry into the hopper of waste (16), from previously screened waste.
• the vibrating feeder (37) It is transportable, and therefore easily coupled to recycling processes in line with other machines.

Landscapes

• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Biotechnology (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Separation Of Solids By Using Liquids Or Pneumatic Power (AREA)
• Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
• Refuse Collection And Transfer (AREA)

Priority Applications (5)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=62109606

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (5)

Families Citing this family (4)

Citations (5)

Family Cites Families (13)

• 2016
  • 2016-11-08 EP EP16921215.6A patent/EP3539670B1/de active Active
  • 2016-11-08 AU AU2016429489A patent/AU2016429489A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2016-11-08 US US16/348,354 patent/US10987699B2/en active Active
  • 2016-11-08 ES ES16921215T patent/ES2927123T3/es active Active
  • 2016-11-08 WO PCT/ES2016/070792 patent/WO2018087403A1/es unknown

Patent Citations (6)

Non-Patent Citations (1)

Also Published As

Similar Documents

Legal Events