WO2018086760A1

WO2018086760A1 - Pick-up claw for a heavy-duty vehicle, in particular for a slag transporter

Info

Publication number: WO2018086760A1
Application number: PCT/EP2017/025331
Authority: WO
Inventors: Gerhard Rapp; Martin SCHILL
Original assignee: Kamag Transporttechnik Gmbh & Co. Kg
Priority date: 2016-11-10
Filing date: 2017-11-09
Publication date: 2018-05-17

Abstract

The invention relates to a pick-up claw for a heavy-duty vehicle, in particular for a heavy-duty vehicle (1) for transporting materials and/or waste in a transport container (10). The pick-up claw (20) has a receiving opening (23) in which a receiving element (11) of the transport container (10) can be received. According to the invention, the pick-up claw (20) has a first claw element (21a) and a second claw element (21b). The two claw elements (21a, 21b) can be moved relative to each other in order to change the receiving angle of the receiving opening (23), and at least one claw element (21b) is acted upon by an actuation device (25) in order to carry out the relative movement between the two claw elements (21a, 21b).

Description

Pickup claw for a heavy duty vehicle, in particular for a slag transporter

description

The invention relates to a receiving claw for a heavy load vehicle, in particular for a heavy load vehicle for the transport of materials and / or waste materials in a transport container, in particular in the field of metallurgy, wherein the receiving claw has a receiving opening in which a receiving element of the transport container can be accommodated, and a heavy-duty vehicle, which has at least one tilting device with at least one receiving claw, in which the receiving element of the transport container can be received.

Such a pick-up claw as well as a heavy load vehicle using this pick-up claw is known. Such vehicles are often used as trans- Porter for materials and / or waste materials, in particular used in the metallurgical field, wherein the material to be transported - in the metallurgical field usually molten metal or hot slag - is accommodated in a transport container. This transport container has on opposite sides in each case a receiving element, usually a receiving pin, via which the transport container is mounted and held in the receiving claws of the tilting device of the heavy-duty vehicle. The two receiving claws of such a heavy load vehicle can be pivoted by the tilting device, so that the transport container can be picked up, lifted, tilted and set down again at the end of the transport path by the tilting device carrying the receiving claws.

To pick up a transport container, the driver of the heavy-duty vehicle lowers the receiving claws by means of the tilting device until they are approximately at the height of the receiving elements of the transport container. The heavy duty vehicle is then approached in reverse to the transport container and by a corresponding movement of the tilting device and thus the Aufnahmeklauen the peg-shaped receiving elements are detected and the transport container is then moved by the tilting device in its transport position.

Often, however, the constellation occurs that the male transport container is slightly elevated, z. B. on a dolly or a pedestal. In this case, it is then necessary that during the reverse startup of the heavy-duty vehicle, the driver of the heavy truck pivots the tilting device slightly in order to grasp the receiving elements of the transport container. The simultaneous approach of the heavy load vehicle to the transport container and the pivoting of the tilting device for detecting the receiving elements of the transport container, ie a constant change of a pivoting angle of the tilting device is often not easy for the driver of the heavy vehicle. It often happens that the start-up process and / or the recording process is repeated must be, which leads adversely to extended transport times and thus to a reduction in the productivity of the known heavy-duty vehicle.

It is therefore an object of the invention to develop a receiving claw for a heavy duty vehicle in such a way that the reception of a receiving element of a transport container is simplified. Also, a suitably suitable heavy-duty vehicle to be proposed.

This object is achieved in that the receiving claw has a first jaw member and a second jaw member, wherein the two jaw members are mutually relatively movable to change the opening angle of the receiving opening, and that at least one jaw member of an actuator for carrying out the relative movement between the two jaw members is charged.

The inventive measures is achieved in an advantageous manner that the receiving opening of the receiving claw according to the invention is adaptable, in particular expandable. As a result, the receiving and / or settling of a transport container is facilitated in an advantageous manner.

An advantageous development of the invention provides that the actuating device for the movable jaw element is self-locking, wherein it is preferably provided that the actuating device has a toggle lever with two lever arms that a first end of the first lever arm is movably connected to the movable jaw member in that a second end of the second lever arm of the toggle lever is rotatably arranged in the receiving claw, and in that a lever arm of the toggle lever is acted on by an actuating member, so that an actuating movement of the actuating member Goose the actuator, a movement of the movable jaw member between a closed position and an open position is effected.

A further advantageous embodiment of the invention provides that the two jaw members are rotatably connected to each other by a hinge. Such a measure has the advantage of a simple structural design of the receiving claw according to the invention.

A further advantageous development of the invention provides that at least one jaw element is displaceably arranged in a guide of the receiving claw. Such a measure has the advantage that the relative movement between the two jaw elements of the receiving claw along a geometrically simple trajectory, in particular a straight line, takes place. Further advantageous developments of the invention are the subject of the dependent claims.

Further details and advantages of the invention can be found in the exemplary embodiments, which are described below with reference to the figures. Show it:

1 shows a heavy-duty vehicle together with a first embodiment of a pick-up claw,

Figure 2 is a side view of the rear portion of the heavy duty vehicle of

FIG. 1 and the pickup claw at the beginning of a picking process,

Figure 3 is a side view of the rear portion of the heavy duty vehicle of

FIG. 1 and the pick-up claw during the picking process, Figure 4 is a side view of the rear portion of the heavy duty vehicle of Figure 1 and the pickup claw at the end of the picking operation. Figure 5 is a side elevational view of the rear portion of the heavy duty vehicle

6 shows a perspective view of the first embodiment of the receiving claw in its open position, FIG.

FIG. 7 is a side view, partly in section, of the receiving claw of FIG. 6;

8 shows the receiving claw of FIG. 6 in its closed position, FIG. 9 shows a side view of the receiving claw of FIG. 8, shown partially in section.

characters

10a-10f several embodiments of a transport container, and Figures 11 a and 1 1 b, a second embodiment of a receiving claw.

FIG. 1 schematically shows a heavy goods vehicle 1 known per se and therefore not described in more detail, together with a likewise known transport container 10. The heavy duty vehicle 1 has in the case described here a base frame 2, which has two longitudinal members 2a and 2b. On each longitudinal member 2a, 2b, a respective tilting unit 3a, 3b of a tilting device 3 is pivotally articulated, each having a receiving claw 20, which will be described in detail below. The transport container 10 has two receiving elements 1 1, which are received by the receiving claws 20 of the tilting device 3. The two tilting units 3a, 3b of the tilting device 3 are of drive elements 4, which in the case shown here as Lifting cylinders 4a, 4b are formed, pivotable, so that by a corresponding pivoting movement of the tilting units 3a, 3b of the tilting device 3 and thus their Aufnahmeklauen 20 of the transport container 10 can be received, raised, transported, preferably auskippbar and at the end of the transport path again deductible. The two tilting units 3a, 3b of the tilting device 3 furthermore have locking elements 5, which interact with locking receptacles 50 of the transporting container 10 in a known manner. Various embodiments of the locking receptacle 50 are shown in Figures 10a-10f. Such a construction of a heavy-duty vehicle 1 and of the transport container 10 transported by it is known to the person skilled in the art and therefore need not be described in any more detail. It will therefore be apparent to those skilled in the art from the following description that the structure of heavy duty vehicle 1 described above is merely exemplary in nature and, in particular, that it is not essential that base frame 2 be configured as described above.

However, before describing the picking process of a transport container 10 and with reference to FIG. 5 thereof, the formation of the pickup claw 20 and, if relevant, the formation of a tilting unit will be described first with reference to FIGS. 6 to 9 3a of the tilting device 3 will be described with reference to an exemplary embodiment.

The receiving claw 20 has a first jaw member 21 a and a second jaw member 21 b, wherein one of these two jaw members 21 a, 21 b, in the embodiment shown here, the first jaw member 21 a, fixedly arranged in a base body 22 of the receiving claw 20. The other jaw member - here the second jaw member 21 b - is movable, so that - as described below - by a corresponding pivoting movement of the movable jaw member 21 b, the shape of a through the two claw element mente 21 a, 21 b defined receiving opening 23 of the receiving claw 20 changes, in particular the defined by the two jaw members 21 a, 21 b opening angle of the receiving opening 23 and thus the receiving claw 20 can be increased or decreased. The movable jaw member 21 b is - as shown in particular in FIGS. 7 and 9 - pivotable about a pivot axis defined by a pivot 24, so that it is between an open position shown in FIGS. 6 and 7 and one in FIGS. 8 and 9 shown closed position is pivotable.

The skilled worker will see from the following description that the use of a joint 24 for relatively movable connection of the two jaw members 21 a, 21 b is not mandatory. It is only essential that a change in the opening angle of the receiving opening 23 is made possible by the above-described relative movement between the two jaw members 21 a, 21 b. Accordingly, it is also conceivable that the relative movement of the two jaw elements 21 a, 21 b is not realized by a pivoting movement, but by a linearly extending relative movement between these two jaw members 21 a, 21 b, which z. B. by a linear guide of the movable jaw member 21 b is achieved. FIGS. 11a and 11b further described below show such a second embodiment of a receiving claw 20.

It has been assumed above that the first jaw member 21 a fixed and the second jaw member 21 b is movable. But it is also possible, the first jaw member 21 a movable and the second jaw member 21 b form firmly. Also, a movable training of both jaw members 21 a, 21 b is conceivable. In the sense of a simpler description, however, it is assumed below that the first jaw element 21 a is fixed and the second jaw element 21 b is designed to be movable. The person skilled in the art will readily recognize which constructive changes he has to make when one of the two latter alternatives are to be implemented so that they no longer need to be described in detail.

On the second jaw member 21 b engages an actuator 25, which ensures the above-described pivoting movement of the movable jaw member 21 b. In the case shown here, the actuating device 25 is designed as a toggle lever 26, the first lever arm 26a at a first end 26a 'rotatably connected to the second jaw member 21b. Another end 26a "of the first lever arm 26a of the toggle lever 26 is connected to one end 26b" of a second lever arm 26b of the toggle lever 26, the other end 26b 'is rotatably mounted in the main body 22 of the receiving claw 20. The second lever arm 26b of the toggle lever 26 is acted upon by an actuating member 27 of the actuating device 25, which is designed here as a hydraulic cylinder 27 '. As can be seen from FIGS. 7 and 9, an actuation movement of the actuating member 27, here an extension of the piston 27 "of the hydraulic cylinder 27 ', causes the toggle 26 to move from its angled position shown in FIG In this way, the second jaw element 21b approximates the first jaw element 21a and thus closes the receiving claw 20. An oppositely directed actuating movement of the actuating element 27, in this case retraction of the piston 27 "of the hydraulic cylinder 27 ', causes 9, the knee lever 26 is moved back from its shown in Figure 9, the extended position to its angled position shown in Figure 7, resulting in an opening of the receiving claw 20.

It will be apparent to those skilled in the art from the above description that while the use of a bellcrank 26 is not mandatory, it is advantageous. However, an advantage of the toggle mechanism described for forming the actuating device 25 for the movable jaw member 21 b is that such a toggle lever can be made self-locking. It is then not necessary that the toggle lever 26, in particular in the closed position of the receiving claw 20, ie in its loaded position, actively acted upon by the actuator 25, since the self-locking of the toggle lever 26 prevents inadvertent opening even when the actuator 25 is not active, ie in the case described here, the hydraulic cylinder 27 'is depressurized. To achieve this, the toggle 26 is preferably overstretched. FIG. 9 shows an overstretching of 3 degrees, which is generally sufficient for a self-locking of the toggle lever 26. Another over-extension angle of the bell crank 26 can be selected. As can also be seen in FIGS. 7 and 9, a stop 28 is provided on which the toggle lever 26 strikes in the event of hyperextension, thus preventing any further movement of the toggle lever 26 of the actuating device 25. It is of course also possible to use instead of a toggle mechanism another, preferably self-locking actuator for the moving part of the receiving claw 20. It is possible to effect the stop function realized by the stop 28 described differently: This stop function can, for. B. from the end position of the hydraulic cylinder 27 'or it can be differently shaped lever arms 26a, 26b are used, to name just a few examples.

Preferably, it is provided that the base body 22 of the receiving claw 20 has a stop surface 29a, which cooperates with a complementary running stop surface 29b of the second jaw member 21b, as best seen in Figures 7 and 9: In the open state of the receiving claw 20 strikes the abutment surface 29b of the second jaw member 21 b on the abutment surface 29a of the body 22 of the receiving claw 20, so that thereby further movement of the second jaw member 21 b is located in its open position receiving claw 20 counteracted. As best seen in Figure 3 and explained below, the receiving element 1 1 of the transport container 10 during the recording process on the lower, movable second jaw member 21 b. The above-described bene configuration of the receiving claw 20 with the cooperating abutment surfaces 29a, 29b now causes a portion of the force exerted by the transport container 10 on the receiving claw 20 bearing force in the main body 22 is derived. From FIGS. 7 and 9, the locking element 5, which has also already been mentioned above, can be seen, which - as described below - interacts with the or one of the complementary locking receptacles 50 of the transport container 10. Different embodiments of the complementary locking receptacle 50 are - as already mentioned - shown in Figures 10a-10f and will be described in more detail there. In the case described here, the locking element 5 as a retractable and extendable locking pin 5a, shown in Figure 1, is formed, which is arranged on a boom 6 of the tilting unit 3a of the tilting device 3. Extending the locking pin 5a causes it to enter into the cooperating complementary locking receptacle 50 of the transport container 10, so that the transport container 10 is locked by the locking elements 5 of the tilting device 3 in this. After retraction of the locking pin 5 a, that is, after loosening the locking elements 5, the operative engagement between the locking elements 5 and the locking receptacles 50 of the transport container 10 is canceled, the transport container 10 can therefore be discontinued again. The two locking elements 5 of the tilting device 3 thus form together with the complementary locking receptacles 50 of the transport container 10 a detachable connection for the transport container 10 during a pivoting operation of the same, so that the weight of the transport container 10 and the material received therein received substantially from the receiving claw 20 becomes. The locking elements 5 act in conjunction with the complementary locking receptacles 50 as a torque arm for the transport container 10th The above-described embodiment of the locking element 5 as an extendable and retractable locking pin 5a is only one example of a possible connection of the transport container 10 with the tilting device 3. The person skilled in the art will be apparent from the corresponding description that it is in the specific manner of the embodiment This connection between the transport container 10 and the tilting device 3 does not arrive. It is Z. Example also possible that for receiving the transport container 10 with the tilting means 3, the locking element 5 is moved relative to the associated tilting unit 3a and 3b, whereby larger tilt angle of the transport container 10 can be realized.

The function of the receiving claw 20 described and the heavy load vehicle 1 using this receiving claw 20 will now be explained with reference to FIGS. 2 to 5. 2 shows the heavy goods vehicle 1 at the beginning of a picking operation, the transport container 10 is assumed to be in an elevated position on the transport carriage W. The two picking claws 20 are open. The heavy duty vehicle 1 is moved backwards until the receiving elements 1 1 of the transport container 10 in the now wide Aufnahmeöffnun- conditions 23 of the two Aufnahmeklauen 20 dive. The described embodiment of the receiving claw 20 has the advantage that the insertion of the receiving elements 1 1 of the transport container 10 is easy to perform even at an elevated position of the transport container 10.

Starting from the position shown in FIG. 3, the receiving claws 20 of the heavy-duty vehicle 1 are lifted by the tilting device 3 along a circular path shown in dashed lines in the figures. As a result of this lifting of the tilting device 3 and thus of the receiving claws 20 actuated by it, the transport container 10 is lifted until it reaches its transport position shown in FIG. 4, in which it can be transported by the heavy-duty vehicle 1. As a comparison of FIGS. 3 and 4 shows, in this case the receiving elements 11 of the transport container 10 slide along the inner contours 21a ', 21 b 'of the jaw members 21 a, 21 b defined trajectory turn to the fixed first jaw member 21 a, the movable jaw member 21 b is therefore unloaded during transport in an advantageous manner or substantially unloaded. In the embodiment of the receiving claw 20 and in particular of the claw elements 21 a, 21 b, it is preferred that their inner contours and in particular the inner contours 21 a ', 21 b' of the claw elements 21 a, 21 b are designed such that a substantially uninterrupted path is formed for the receiving elements 1 1 during their movement, so that it simply from their position shown in Figure 3, in which the receiving element 1 1 attaches to the inner contour 21 b 'of the second jaw member 21 b, by the action of gravity in their position shown in Figure 4 can be moved, in which the receiving element 1 1 on the inner contour 21a 'of the first jaw member 21a touches.

It is preferred that at least during transport of the transport container 10, the receiving claws 20 are closed by the second jaw members 21 b of the two Aufnahmeklauen 20 in the direction of the fixed first jaw members 21 a - ie in its closed position - moved. The two jaw members 21 a, 21 b thus comprise the receiving elements 1 1, so that slipping out of the receiving elements 1 1 during transport and tipping prevented or at least made more difficult.

The settling of the transport container 10 is opposite to the recording process described above and therefore need not be further described.

For tipping the transport container 10 is locked in the tilting device 3 and thus in the heavy load vehicle 1 by the locking elements 5 of the tilting device 3 with the two complementary locking receptacles 50th of the transport container 10 come into operative contact. In the case described here, this is done by the locking pins 5a are extended and thus approach the transport container 10, enter the openings 51 of the complementary locking receptacles 50 and so in the transport container

10 in the tilting device 3 and in this way form the connection already described above for the transport container 10 in the tilting device 3. The weight of the transport container 10 rests substantially on the receiving claws 20 of the heavy duty vehicle. 1 The locking elements 5 are therefore only slightly loaded and serve essentially as a torque arm for the transport container 10th

FIG. 5 shows the transport container 10 in an already pivoted and tilted position. This is achieved in that the tilting units 3a, 3b of the tilting device 3 and thus their receiving claws 20 are moved in one of the opposite pivoting directions described above, so that the transport container 10 is moved from its position shown in Figure 4 to its position shown in Figure 5 , The locking elements 5 of the tilting device 3 and the cooperating with these complementary locking receptacles 50 of the transport container 10 are engaged with each other, so that the axle defined thereby defines the tilting axis of the transport container 10. In Figure 5, the receiving claws 20 are still in their above-mentioned closed position, they therefore include the receiving elements 1 1 of the transport container 10 and thus secure the transport container 10 in this movement. Due to the effect of gravity, the receiving elements slip

1 1 during the movement of the receiving claws 20 from their position shown in Figure 4 in their position shown in Figure 5. The receiving elements 1 1 then put on the movable second jaw members 21 b. The weight of the transport container 10 is essentially carried by the receiving claws 20. The engaging the locking receptacles 50 of the transport container 10 locking elements 5 serve essentially as a torque arm. After carrying out this tilting operation, the then empty transport container 10 is in turn pivoted back by the tilting units 3a, 3b of the tilting device 3 and can subsequently be set down.

Several embodiments of the transport container 10 are now shown in FIGS. 10a to 10f. All have in common that the transport container 10 already described above receiving elements 1 1, which are preferably pin-shaped, so as a receiving pin 1 1 'are formed.

The embodiment variants of the transport container 10 shown in FIGS. 10a to 10f differ in the design of the complementary locking receptacles 50, which - as likewise already described - interact with the corresponding locking elements 5 of the tilting units 3a, 3b of the tilting device 3. FIG. 10a shows the transport container 10 already described above, the locking receptacle 50a is of circular design here and has the circular opening 51 already described above. When receiving the transport container 10, the preferably peg-shaped locking elements 5 of the tilting units 3a, 3b enter the opening 51 of the locking receptacle 50a and thus form the connection for the transport container 10 in the tilting device 3.

The embodiment variant of FIG. 10b has a U-shaped complementary locking receptacle 50b, which is open at the bottom.

The embodiment variant of FIG. 10c again has a U-shaped complementary locking receptacle 50c, which, however, is designed to be open at the top. The embodiment according to FIG. 10d shows a transport container 10, whose complementary locking receptacle 50d is designed as a web.

The embodiment variants of FIGS. 10e and 10f correspond to those of FIGS. 10b and 10c, respectively, but with the proviso that the complementary locking receptacles 50e ', 50e "or 50f, 50f" are not centered but eccentric, as in the previous embodiments and are arranged twice.

FIGS. 11a and 11b now show a second embodiment of a receiving claw 20, wherein corresponding components have been provided with the same reference numerals as in the first embodiment and will not be described in more detail below. The essential difference between these two embodiments is that in the second embodiment, the jaw elements 21a, 21 are no longer - as in the first embodiment - interconnected by a hinge 24, but that - as already mentioned above - is provided that the relative movement between the two jaw members 21 a, 21 b by a sliding movement. In order to move the movable jaw element 21b from its open position, shown in FIG. 11a, of the receiving claw 20 into its closed position shown in FIG. 11b, it is displaced along a guide 61. The opening of the receiving claw 20 takes place by an oppositely directed movement. In the embodiment shown here, it is provided that the guide 61 for the movable jaw member 21 b is rectilinear. But it is also possible to provide a curved path of movement of the movable jaw member 21 b.

Of course, it is also possible here - as in the first embodiment - both jaw members 21 a, 21 b are designed to be movable. It is also important here again that by a relative movement of the two jaw members 21 a, 21 b of the opening angle 23 of the receiving claw 20 is variable. Again, in the embodiment of the receiving claw 20 is again preferred that its inner contour is designed such that a substantially continuous path for the receiving elements 11 is formed during their movement, so that they can in turn be moved by the action of gravity.

In summary, it should be noted that a receiving claw 20 is formed by the described measures in an advantageous manner, which is characterized in that the provision of at least one movable jaw member 21a and / or 21b, the shape of the receiving opening 23 is changeable bar. The receiving claw 20 can thus be spread open, which facilitates picking up the transport container 10. The heavy load vehicle 1 using the described picking claw 20 is characterized in that it makes it easier for the driver to pick up or drop off a transport container 10 even from an elevated position.

Claims

claims

Pickup claw for a heavy load vehicle, in particular for a heavy load vehicle (1) for transporting materials and / or waste materials in a transport container (10), wherein the receiving claw (20) has a receiving opening (23) into which a receiving element (11) of the transport container (11) 10) is receivable, characterized in that the receiving claw (20) has a first jaw member (21 a) and a second jaw member (21 b), wherein the two jaw members (21 a, 21 b) for changing the receiving angle of the receiving opening (23) to each other are relatively movable, and that at least one jaw member (21 b) by an actuating device (25) for carrying out the relative movement between the two jaw members (21 a, 21 b) is acted upon.

A receiving claw according to claim 1, characterized in that a claw member (21a) of the receiving claws (20) immovable and the other jaw member (21 b) is movably arranged in the receiving claw (20), wherein the movable jaw member (21 b) from the actuating device (21 b). 25) is acted upon.

Pick-up claw according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the actuating device (25) for the one or more movable jaw members (21 a, 21 b) is self-locking.

Pick-up claw according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the actuating device (25) has a toggle lever (26) with two lever arms (26a, 26b) such that one end (26a ') of the first lever arm (26a) is movable with the movable jaw member (26a). 21 b), and that one end (26b ¹ ) of the second lever arm (26b) of the toggle lever (26) is rotatably arranged in the receiving claw (20), and that min. at least one of the lever arms (26a, 26b) of the toggle lever (26) by an actuator (27) of the actuating device (25) is acted upon, so that by an actuating movement of this actuator (27) movement of the movable jaw member (21 b) between a Ge - Closing position and an open position is effected.

Picking claw according to claim 4, characterized in that the toggle lever (26) in the closed position of the receiving claw (20) is arranged in this overstretched.

Pick-up claw according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the two jaw elements (21 a, 21 b) by a hinge (24) are pivotally connected together.

Pick-up claw according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that at least one jaw element (21a, 21b) is displaceably arranged in a guide (61) of the receiving claw (20).

Heavy-duty vehicle, in particular for the transport of materials and / or waste materials in a transport container (10), which has a tilting device (3) with a receiving claw (20) into which a transport container (10) can be received, characterized in that the or at least one the receiving claw (20) is formed according to one of claims 1 to 7. 9. Heavy-duty vehicle according to claim 8, characterized in that the heavy load vehicle (1) has at least one locking element (5) which is provided with a complementary locking receptacle (50; 50a-50d, 50e ', 50e ", 50f, 50f") of the transport container (5). 10) cooperates. Heavy goods vehicle according to claim 9, characterized in that the or at least one of the locking elements (5) of the heavy load vehicle (1) in the complementary locking receptacle (50; 50a-50d, 50e ', 50e ", 50f, 50f") of the transport container (10) is hineinbewegbar.