WO2018085912A1

WO2018085912A1 - Pantograph and articulated hopper unit for bulk material logistics

Info

Publication number: WO2018085912A1
Application number: PCT/BR2017/050341
Authority: WO
Inventors: Luiz Armando CARNEIRO
Original assignee: Carneiro Luiz Armando
Priority date: 2016-11-11
Filing date: 2017-11-13
Publication date: 2018-05-17

Abstract

The subject matter of the present patent relates to innovations applied to equipment used in bulk materials logistics, with the result that such equipment forms a new operational unit designed for the transportation and transshipment of bulk materials, said unit being basically formed by an articulated hopper and a pantograph having hydraulic means designed for the transportation and transshipment of bulk materials. The articulated hopper is formed by two identical half-hoppers that are articulated so as to have a pivoting movement about central pins, which closes or opens the articulated hopper upon the actuation of hydraulic cylinders. The articulated hopper has its own hydraulic system connected electrically, via a cable reel, to the mains supply of the crane or the like, being formed basically by a unit composed of an articulated hopper coupled to a pantograph with hydraulic means, said articulated hopper being formed by two identical half-hoppers that are articulated via the central pins, one on either side, about which the two half-hoppers turn in a pivoting movement, further having long hooks (8) and short hooks (9), lateral bars (10) and recesses (4) for the forks of loaders. Furthermore, in the disclosed structural variant, the improvements consist in the addition of a pair of "lockers" to the central part of the "spreader" and of a corresponding pair of "corner castings" to the central upper part of the containers, as well as holding pins for the central "corner castings" of the containers, and projections for limiting the rocking receptacles of the "spreader" in the horizontal position, the rocking receptacles of the "spreader" being moved by hydraulic cylinders or by any suitable means.

Description

PANTOGRAPH AND ARTICULATED BUCKET BODY ASSEMBLY SET

Fields of this Patent

- Reduction of logistics costs in transportation and bulk transhipments. - Automation in bulk transhipments.

- Traceability by "unitization" of bulk cargo in transportation, transhipment and terminal storage.

- Decreased fines generation in bulk transportation and transhipment.

- Economy with bulk transshipment manpower.

- Work safety in bulk transhipments.

- Decrease of dust generation in bulk movement by the use of canvas buckets that remain during transportation, transhipments and emptying.

State of the Art

Bulk transhipments are logistical operations in which bulk is loaded or unloaded from yards or from one mode of transport to another, such as railroad trucks, railroads, trucks or barges for ships and vice versa.

No logistics operation can be successful unless it has been well planned and well executed; Thus, "intelligence" and real knowledge of operations must also be present in the equipment and the relationships between them.

Bulk shipments that may be exposed to weathering, such as ores, pigs in small ingots, and others are often more easily transferable and storable, although such facilities do not necessarily imply unnecessary costs, labor intensive use, risk of accidents at work and the formation of occupational diseases by prolonged exposure to dust etc.

Advances brought to the state of the art The PANTOGRAPH AND BODY LOGISTICS BODY ASSEMBLY (1), object of this Patent, as illustrated and described below, consists of innovations introduced in equipment applied to bulk logistics, making them form a new operational set intended for transportation and transportation. bulk transhipment, based on an integral logistic operation that begins at the source that generates the bulk, where they are placed in the articulated buckets, one of the two parts of this set of two equipments that form the object of this patent, normally transported in truck bodies to terminals. where these articulated buckets are placed on "platform" railcars or have their contents overflowed to railroad gondola wagons, using the hydraulic pantograph, another of the two equipments that form the object of this patent, generating savings in the process. , in labor and in the opera They are systematically considered, with the maintenance of punctuality reliability, traceability, reduction of economic losses due to fines generation, reduction of environmental pollution due to less dust generation, by the use of tarpaulins, even during transhipment or emptying, risks of occupational accidents, thus configuring intelligence applied to logistics equipment, taking into account good planning.

Articulated buckets are unloaded from truck bodies by cranes available at the overflow terminals and can be moved by forklifts at all times as they have lower safety pockets through which forklifts are inserted; In addition, they can be stacked by cranes, bridges and gantries, and can be returned to bulk generating sources without requiring trucks to wait for them to return to sources, resulting in systemic savings. Once unloaded from the trucks, the articulated buckets, still suspended from the cranes by the hydraulically-powered pantograph, are unloaded onto the rail "gondola cars" or directly into the yard, without any terminal operator manual service - with reduced risk of accidents. - which acts by actuation of remote control device.

For this unloading of the articulated buckets on the gondola wagons, the pantographs with hydraulic resources developed for the purpose of this patent, are electrically connected by cable reel to the crane's electrical network and operate through their own hydraulic system - hydraulic cylinders -, which, with skillful use of gravity, allow the buckets to be opened and closed when empty, and the hydraulic system is automatically locked by a check valve to prevent accidents caused by unexpected power outages and to maintain locking throughout. the time except when triggered.

In order to have a correct view and an adequate understanding of the object of the present patent, the following illustrative figures are attached:

Figures 1 and 2 represent perspective views of the assembly formed by the hinged bucket coupled to a pantograph;

Figure 3 is a perspective view of the assembly where the articulated hopper is open to allow its contents to be discharged. The following Figures illustrate a constructive variant of the object of the present invention which presents an alternative solution with the same inventive concept, that is, a group of interrelated inventions to comprise a single inventive concept, where:

Figure 4 is a perspective view of the preferred embodiment of the bulk logistics tipper spreader and container assembly where the tipper spreader coupled to the tipper container is in the closed position. Figure 5 is a perspective view of the tilting spreader with its frames in a horizontal position to engage the tilting container which is not shown in this Figure 5.

Figure 6 is a perspective view of the tilt spreader with its two horizontal arms suspended or retracted, which happens when it is suspended to open the tilt container not shown in Figure 6.

Figure 7 is a perspective view illustrating the tipping container with its two semi-containers in the closed position - as they are when placed horizontally at rest or as they move when full of cargo.

Figure 8 is a perspective view illustrating the tipper spreader and tipper container in the open position of the two semi-containers for unloading.

Figure 9 is a perspective view of part of the tilting spreader illustrating the curvilinear shape of the side arms of their horizontal frames at the place of articulation between them, highlighting the limiting shoulders that keep their two frames prevented from lowering from the horizontal level.

Figure 10 is a perspective view illustrating an example of the central corner casting pair added to the tilting container, particularly the positioner pin, so that this third corner casting pair is always upright and, also, an example of the pair of grooves that house the positioner pin, made at the ends of the vertical structures on either side of the two semi-containers.

Description and operation

Figures 1 and 2 are perspective views of the assembly formed by the hinged bucket (2) coupled to a pantograph (3) with hydraulic features, and Figure 2 is angled at a slight angle. modified and without one of the hydraulic cylinders (6) for easy viewing of its constituent elements.

These Figures 1 and 2 illustrate the constitution of the articulated bucket in two equal semi-buckets (2A) and (2B) which are articulated by the central pins (2C), on each side, around which the two semi-buckets (2A ) and (2B) rotate in pivoting motion, closing or opening the articulated bucket (2), as best seen in the following figures.

Figure 2 further illustrates the loader fork recesses (4), the hydraulic features pantograph (3) with lifting eye (5), the hydraulic cylinders (6), the pantograph pivot center pins (7) ( 3), two long hooks (8) and the short hook (9), symmetrically disposed on either side of the articulated bucket assembly (2).

Figure 3 is a perspective view of the assembly formed by the articulated bucket (2) coupled to the pantograph (3) with hydraulic features where the articulated bucket (2) is open to allow the discharge of its contents.

The opening of the articulated bucket (2) is obtained by the action of the hydraulic cylinders (6) which move the two semi-buckets (2A) and (2B) around the two central pantograph pivot pins (7).

Conceptually, the hydraulic cylinders (6) when driven will move the long hooks (8) and short hooks (9) simultaneously, however, due to their size differences, the short hooks (9) will be supporting the center pins (2C), holding the two buckets (2A) and (2B) together, that is, the bucket (2) will be closed when the hydraulic cylinders (6) are at their shortest stroke, ie retracted, and, when actuated, extended, the pantograph (3) will perform a movement that will simultaneously move the short hooks (9) away from the center pins (2C) and position the long hooks (8).

Thus, the hydraulic cylinders (6), when extended, press the articulated bars (7A) opening the articulated bucket (2), being deductible that inverse operation causes said articulated bucket (2) to have its two semi-buckets (2A) and (2B) approached and closed.

The principle used, pantographic movement, maintains the parallelism and symmetry of the parts during the actuation of hydraulic cylinders (6) in their movements, regardless of whether the articulated bucket (2) is open or closed, ensuring safety in the lifting, loading or unloading operations. ,

In all figures it can be seen that the hydraulic cylinders (6) and the size differences between the long hooks (8) and the short hooks (9) are responsible for the operating system of opening and closing the articulated bucket (2). ) and what the pantograph is composed of by the hinged bars (7A), on which axis the short hooks (9), which have mobility, are supported, unlike the long hooks (8) which are integral with the side bars (10) and, therefore, it does not have independent mobility as the short hooks (9).

The pantograph hinge system (3) allows the pantograph to be flexible and matched to the articulated hopper positions (2) from "closed" to "open" as well as all intermediate positions so that its "geometry" is It fits the positions that its constituent parts must assume, maintaining the necessary parallels between the parts, exactly according to the concept of "pantograph", as illustrated in Figure 3.

The mechanisms and devices that make up the assembly object of the present invention, in their preferred embodiment, illustrated here, make it possible to safely open and close the semi-buckets, allowing them to move and unload the bulk contained within the articulated bucket (2). ).

Advances in the state of the art achieved by the constructive variant here referred to as "Spreader". Improvements consist of adding a pair of lockers to the central part of the spreader and the corresponding pair of corner casting to the top central part of the containers, as well as maintaining pins of the central corner casting of the containers and shoulders spreader tilting switchgear to horizontal position, the spreader tilting switchgear being moved by hydraulic cylinders, or in any appropriate way, remotely operated by portable radio transmitters, controlled by operators who do not perform manual actions on the equipment or cargo and not even approaching them, thus making a new operational set applicable to multimodal logistics, intended for the transportation, storage and transhipment of bulk, thus forming a set of "spreader-container" equipped with various and significant operational advantages, such as the main ones listed below:

1 ^- Innovation - Tilt Spreader, built in container format that has a third pair of lockers, placed at the junction of its two tilt frames - where the location of the third pair of lockers is congruent and adapts to a third pair of corner casting that is placed on top of the middle portion of the length of the tipping container. 2 - innovation - the third pair of lockers added to the tilting spreader has limiting lugs that keep its two frames from falling below the horizontal level, preventing accidents in case of failure of its hydraulic cylinders, keeping the tilt spreader at the correct horizontal level necessary for it to easily mate - without human interference - to the corner casting of the tilt container object of this Patent;

3 ^Q innovation - the two pairs of side arms of the swinging spreader, at the ends that articulate with each other through the axis of rotation, have a special, curvilinear design to make the efforts made by they, for lifting and transporting the tipping containers, have only vertical results and do not move horizontally;

A- innovation - the third pair of corner casting added to the middle portion of the top of the tilting container, object of this patent, is provided with a positioning pin, so that the third pair of corner casting is always upright , that is, always in a position to receive the third pair of tilting spreader lockers without the aid of human hands.

Acting together, the above four innovations perform the functions necessary to form the innovative logistic ensemble consisting of the SPREADER AND BULK LOGISTICS CONTAINERS, which do not use manual labor for the correct, safe and fast. coupling between the tilting spreader lockers and the central corner casting of the respective tilting containers.

Description and operation of the construction variant.

The object of the present construction variant consists of improvements made to each of the two fundamental equipment of the "container format" - "spreader with lockers" and "corner casting", a set built and operable in accordance with the international container format formed by a Tilting spreader and tiltable metal continents consisting of two halves which are articulated by their upper middle length.

The improvements made to the fundamental operating equipment of the container format - spreader with lockers and containers with corner casting - are the basis for an integral logistic operation that starts at the bulk source generating savings in labor, labor safety and reduction. times of bulk filling, emptying, storage and transhipment operations. Figure 4 illustrates the set (100) of bulk logistics tipper spreader and containers where the tipper container 120 composed of the two semi-containers 120A and 120B and the tipper spreader can be seen. 200 having a vertical frame 200A on which upper bar 200B are attached the two hanging hooks 300 with vertical bars 400 preferably welded to the horizontal lower bar 200C forming a rigid structure.

Said horizontal lower bar (200C) having in its interior a pair of central lockers (900) designed to engage and disengage the respective central eating castings (900A) which are arranged in the upper central part of the tilting container ( 120) - movement point of the two semi-containers (120A and 120B) to each other for opening and closing these two parts.

Still in Figure 4, one can see the two horizontal frames (20D) formed by the four horizontally arranged curvilinear hitch bars (600), which contain two axes (140), one on each side of the container, around which they occur. tilting movements of the two horizontal frames (200D).

To limit the opening angle of the two semi-containers (120A and 120B) to a horizontal position at most, a pair of limiting shoulders (150) have been arranged, this horizontal position coinciding with the maximum opening of the two hydraulic cylinders ( 500) which drive the horizontal frames (200D) through the movable couplings (11) and whose hydraulic drive systems (100), not shown in this Figure, are within the upper horizontal bar (200B).

It is also seen from this Figure 4 that the horizontal bars (600) connect at the front of the horizontal frames (200D) with the two horizontal front bars (700) containing at their four ends the two pairs of lockers. "(800) typical of the container format, which can engage and disengage the respective corner casting (130) placed on the four front and vertical bars (130A) of the tilting container (120).

In Figure 5 an exemplary tilting spreader (200) is shown horizontally with its vertical frame (200A), in which upper bar (200B) the two suspension hooks (300) are fixed; vertical bars (400), containing the central lockers (900), two hydraulic cylinders (500) that drive the horizontal frames (200D), by means of the movable couplings (1 1 0), fixed to the front bars (700) of the horizontal frames (200D) which at their ends welded to the horizontal curvilinear hitching bars (600) contain the lockers (800).

Figure 6 shows the tilting spreader (200) with the horizontal frames (200D) in the open position as a result of the action of the hydraulic cylinders (500); One can also see the upper bar (200B) with the two suspension hooks (300), the vertical bars (400) containing the central lockers (900), the hydraulic cylinders (500) which drive the horizontal frames ( 200D) by means of the movable couplings (11) fixed to the front bars (700) of the horizontal frames (200D) which contain the lockers (800) at their ends welded to the curvilinear bars (600).

In Figure 7 you can see an example of the tipper container (120) with its two semi-containers (120A and 120B), pockets (B) to receive the forklift fork, the two central corner casting (900A) and the four corner casting (130) placed at the ends of the tops of its four vertical bars (130A).

Figure 8 shows the two semi-containers (120A and 120B) suspended and open for discharge by the action of the hydraulic cylinders (500) of the tilting spreader (200), highlighting the action of the curvilinear bars (600), articulated by the shaft (140) to lower the center of gravity and keep the axes of rotation of the assembly formed by the tilting spreader (200) and the two semi-containers (120A and 120B) aligned; this lowering of the center of gravity coupled with the action of the cylinders (500), prevents horizontal displacements between the parts of said assembly, essential for the perfect functioning of the assembly.

In Figure 9, only part of the tilting spreader (200) is shown to highlight the two limiting shoulders (150) applied to the ends of each of the two curvilinear bars (600), in positions juxtaposed with the axis (140). ), such that they can limit the opening of the two horizontal frames (200D) of the tilting spreader (200) to the horizontal position, with the aim of providing the proper coupling position as well as preventing accidents in case of malfunction of the hydraulic cylinders (500).

In Figure 10 you can see, in particular, only part of one side of the coupling region between them, of the two semi-containers (120A and 120B), which is made by the rotation axis pair (140A) of the corner central casting (900A), with only one example being shown in this Figure.

Also shown in this Figure 10 is the positioner pin 140B which acts in conjunction with the groove 140C - also present in pairs - so that the third pair of corner casting 900A always remains upright, ie always ready to receive the respective central locker (900), eliminating the need for manual labor for coupling between tilting spreaders (200) and tilting containers (120), saving uptime and elimination of manual operation of high risk of occupational accidents.

Claims

PANTOGRAPHER AND ARTICULATED BULK LOGISTICS BUCKET ASSEMBLY, intended for the transportation and transhipment of bulk cargoes, underlining an integral logistics operation that begins at the bulk generating source, where they are placed in the articulated buckets moved by cranes or forklifts, stacked by cranes, bridges and gantries, requiring no manual operator service of the terminals, operating by remote control device, characterized by having its own hydraulic system electrically connected, by cable reel, to the crane's electrical network or similar, being basically constituted by a set formed by a hinged bucket

(2) coupled to a pantograph

(3) with hydraulic resources, said articulated bucket (2) being formed by two equal semi-buckets (2A) and (2B) which are articulated by the central pins (2C), on each side, around which the two semi-buckets. buckets (2A) and (2B) rotate in pivoting motion and yet have long hooks (8), short hooks (9), side bars (10) and recesses

(4) for loader forks.

PANTOGRAPH ASSEMBLY AND ARTICULATED BODY LOGIC BUCKET according to claim 1, characterized in that the articulated bucket (2) has hydraulic cylinders (6), pantograph pivot center pins (7), two hooks. (8) and short hook (9) symmetrically on either side of the pivot bucket assembly (2) and one eye

(5) Suspension.

PANTOGRAPHER AND ARTICULATED BULK LOGIC ASSEMBLY ASSEMBLY according to claim 1, characterized in that the hydraulic cylinders (6) when actuated and in their shortest stroke move the long hooks (8) and short hooks (9) simultaneously, and in this position the so-called short hooks (9) will attach to the center pins (2C), holding the two semi-buckets (2A) and (2B) together.

PANTOGRAPH AND ARTICULATED BODY LOGIC ASSEMBLY ASSEMBLY according to claim 1, characterized in that the hydraulic cylinders (6) when actuated move the long hooks (8) and short hooks (9) simultaneously, and when having the hydraulic cylinders

(6) extended, they push the pivot bars (7A) open the pivot bucket (2).

PANTOGRAPHER AND ARTICULATED BUCKET HOPPER ASSEMBLY, characterized by being a constructive variant and the fact that the tilting container (120) consists of two semi-containers (120A and 120B) and the tilting spreader (200), which has a vertical frame (200A) on which upper bar (200B) are fixed the two suspension bars (300) with vertical bars (400) preferably welded to the horizontal lower bar (200C) forming a rigid structure, said horizontal lower bar (200C) having in their interior a pair of central lockers (900), designed to engage and disengage the respective central eating castings (900A), which are arranged in the upper central part of the tilting container (120), said "spreader". (200) having two horizontal frames (200D) formed by the four horizontally arranged curvilinear hitch bars (600) containing two axes (140), one on each side of the container; further having two hydraulic cylinders (500) which drive the horizontal frames (200D), by means of the movable couplings (1 1 0), fixed to the front bars (700) of the horizontal frames (200D) which at their ends are welded to the curvilinear bars (600). ) horizontal hitches, contains lockers (800).

PANTOGRAPH AND ARTICULATED BULK LOGIC ASSEMBLY ASSEMBLY according to claim 5, characterized by having four "eat casting" (130) placed at the ends of the tops of its four vertical bars (130A) intended to house the lockers (800).

PANTOGRAPH AND ARTICULATED BULK LOGIC ASSEMBLY ASSEMBLY according to claim 5, characterized in that it has two limiting shoulders (150) applied to the ends of each of the two curvilinear bars (600), in positions juxtaposed to the axis ( 140).

8. PANTOGRAPH AND ARTICULATED BULK LOGIC ASSEMBLY ASSEMBLY according to claim 5, characterized in that it has a pair of rotary axes (140A) of the central eating casting (900A).

PANTOGRAPH AND ARTICULATED BULK LOGIC ASSEMBLY ASSEMBLY according to claim 5, characterized in that it has on each side of the tilting container (120) a positioning pin (140B) which acts together with the groove (140C) of such that the third eat casting pair (900A) always remains upright to receive the respective central locker (900).