WO2018077112A1 - 一种螺旋桨、动力组件及无人机 - Google Patents

一种螺旋桨、动力组件及无人机 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018077112A1
WO2018077112A1 PCT/CN2017/106925 CN2017106925W WO2018077112A1 WO 2018077112 A1 WO2018077112 A1 WO 2018077112A1 CN 2017106925 W CN2017106925 W CN 2017106925W WO 2018077112 A1 WO2018077112 A1 WO 2018077112A1
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Prior art keywords
propeller
locking member
blade head
drive
driving device
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Ceased
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PCT/CN2017/106925
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
吕航
李镇良
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Autel Robotics Co Ltd
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Autel Robotics Co Ltd
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Publication date
Application filed by Autel Robotics Co Ltd filed Critical Autel Robotics Co Ltd
Publication of WO2018077112A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018077112A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64C—AEROPLANES; HELICOPTERS
    • B64C27/00—Rotorcraft; Rotors peculiar thereto
    • B64C27/32—Rotors

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of flight technology, and in particular, to a propeller, a power component, and a drone.
  • the multi-rotor UAV uses a plurality of driving devices at the same time, and each of the driving devices has a propeller mounted on the transmission shaft to provide power for the flight of the UAV.
  • each of the driving devices has a propeller mounted on the transmission shaft to provide power for the flight of the UAV.
  • the speed of each driving device is adjusted.
  • the propeller and the drive shaft of the drive unit are mostly fixed by screwing.
  • the transmission shaft will apply frequent acceleration and deceleration actions to the propeller, which may cause the propeller to reversely rotate in a special case, for example, due to inertia, the propeller is found. unscrew. At this time, the locking force between the propeller and the transmission shaft will be greatly reduced. If the propeller continues to be in the state of frequent acceleration and deceleration, it may be detached from the transmission shaft, and a squeegee (the position between the rotating shaft and the blade occurs). Loose), which in turn causes serious consequences such as flight out of control or crash.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present application is to overcome the technical problem that the position between the drive shaft and the propeller of the driving device is prone to looseness in the prior art.
  • the drive shaft of the paddle drive is threaded and includes:
  • the blade head further includes a first screw portion, the first screw portion for the first of the drive shaft Two screw joints;
  • a locking member for preventing rotation of the blade head relative to the drive device in a direction that is unscrewed from the drive shaft.
  • the locking member abuts the drive device, thereby providing a restriction to the propeller toward A force that is rotated relative to the drive device in a direction that is unscrewed from the drive shaft.
  • the driving device includes a housing and an outer cover connected to one end of the housing, the locking member having one end connected to the blade head and the other end extending toward the outer cover of the driving device.
  • the outer cover is provided with a locking portion that is lockedly engaged with the locking member.
  • the outer cover is formed with a plurality of ribs
  • the locking portion is formed by the ribs and a gap between adjacent ribs
  • the end of the locking member enters the gap, abuts and
  • the adjacent ribs are gapped to provide a force that limits rotation of the propeller relative to the drive in a direction that is unscrewed from the drive shaft, creating a locking action on the propeller.
  • the locking member enters the gap with a vertical height of 0.5 mm to 1.5 mm.
  • the locking member is disposed obliquely with respect to a plane in which the bottom of the propeller is located, and the locking member is inclined toward a direction in which the propeller is loosened from the transmission shaft.
  • the angle of inclination of the locking member with respect to the plane is an acute angle.
  • the tilt angle is 35 degrees to 55 degrees.
  • the locking member is connected at one end to the blade head and the other end is extended toward the driving device; when the propeller is rotated relative to the driving device in a direction loosened from the transmission shaft
  • the angle between the extending direction of the locking member and the direction of the linear velocity at the connection point of the locking member and the blade head is an acute angle.
  • the angle of the angle is from 35 degrees to 55 degrees.
  • the propeller further has a sliding buckle connected to the blade head, the sliding buckle is fixedly and axially slid along the blade head; one end of the locking component is The sliding buckle is connected, and the sliding buckle can drive the locking member to reciprocate axially along the blade head.
  • the locking member is in the shape of a rod.
  • the locking member is an elastic member.
  • the number of the blades is equal to or greater than two, and is symmetrically disposed on a side of the blade head.
  • the present application further provides a power assembly including a driving device and a propeller as described above, the driving device including a transmission shaft, a housing, and an outer cover connected to one end of the housing, the driving device passing The drive shaft is threadedly coupled to the propeller for powering rotation of the propeller.
  • the present application further provides a drone comprising: a fuselage, an arm and a power assembly as described above, the power assembly being coupled to the arm.
  • the propeller of the present application is provided with a locking member on the blade head for preventing the blade head Rotating relative to the driving device in a direction loosened from the drive shaft of the driving device, thereby avoiding the looseness of the blade head and preventing the occurrence of the propeller paddle situation;
  • the propeller of the present application is capable of preventing the propeller blade from rotating while the propeller head is prevented from rotating relative to the drive device in a direction loosened from the drive shaft of the drive device.
  • the installation is guaranteed to be completed smoothly.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a propeller according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a power assembly according to an embodiment of the present application, which includes a driving device and a propeller shown in FIG. 1;
  • Figure 3 is a propeller of Figure 1 shown from another angle showing the first threaded portion included in the blade head;
  • FIG. 4 is an enlarged schematic view of the driving device in the power assembly shown in FIG. 2, showing a second screw portion included in the drive shaft, the second screw portion being used for the first screw with the blade head Threaded connection;
  • FIG. 5 is an enlarged schematic structural view of the locking member of the propeller and its surrounding area in the power assembly shown in FIG. 2.
  • FIG. 5 is an enlarged schematic structural view of the locking member of the propeller and its surrounding area in the power assembly shown in FIG. 2.
  • connection In the description of the present application, it should be noted that the terms “installation”, “connected”, and “connected” are to be understood broadly, and may be fixed or detachable, for example, unless otherwise specifically defined and defined. Connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanical or electrical; can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, can be the internal communication of the two components.
  • Connected, or integrally connected can be mechanical or electrical; can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, can be the internal communication of the two components.
  • the specific meanings of the above terms in the present application can be understood in the specific circumstances for those skilled in the art.
  • the propeller provided by the embodiment of the present application has a blade head and a blade, the number of the blades is greater than or equal to two, and is evenly distributed on the side of the blade head, and the rotation axis of the propeller coincides with the axial center line of the blade head.
  • the propeller can be applied to any technical field involving propellers, and is particularly suitable for the field of drone technology, such as a rotorcraft unmanned aerial vehicle and a tilting rotor unmanned aerial vehicle.
  • the rotor unmanned aerial vehicle includes but is not limited to: a single rotor, a double rotor, a quadrotor, or a six-rotor.
  • a propeller 100 is provided for one of the embodiments of the present application.
  • the propeller 100 is used for screwing with a drive shaft 8 of the driving device 200 shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 , so that the driving device 200 is
  • the propeller 100 provides rotational power, which in turn provides the required lift for flight, such as a drone, through the rotation of the propeller 100.
  • the propeller 100 includes a blade head portion 1, a blade 2 provided on the blade head portion 1, and a locking member 3 provided on the blade head portion 1.
  • the blade head 1 of the propeller 100 has a hollow structure, and on the inner wall of the hollow structure, a first screwing portion 1a is provided (see FIG. 3).
  • the first screwing portion 1a corresponds to the second screwing portion 8a (shown in FIG. 4) provided on the transmission shaft 8 of the driving device 200, and the first screwing portion 1a and the second screwing portion are connected.
  • the portion 8a is threaded to secure the propeller 100 to the drive unit 200.
  • the first screw portion 1a disposed on the blade head 1 of the propeller 100 is externally threaded
  • the second screw portion 8a disposed on the drive shaft 8 of the driving device 200 is internally threaded.
  • the first screwing portion 1a provided on the blade head portion 1 of the propeller 100 is internally threaded
  • the second screwing portion 8a provided on the transmission shaft 8 of the driving device 200 is externally threaded.
  • the transmission shaft 8 applies frequent acceleration and deceleration actions to the propeller 100, which may cause a slight rotation of the propeller 100 in a special case, for example, Due to the inertial action, the blade head 1 of the propeller 100 is rotated relative to the drive unit 200 in a direction that is unscrewed from the drive shaft 8. At this time, the locking force between the propeller 100 and the propeller shaft 8 will be greatly reduced. If the propeller 100 continues to be in a state of frequent acceleration and deceleration, it is possible to disengage from the propeller shaft 8, and a propeller is generated, which in turn causes, for example, an aircraft. Serious consequences such as loss of control or crash.
  • the propeller of the present application is provided with the locking member 3 on the blade head 1, it is possible to provide a restriction when the propeller 100 has a tendency to rotate relative to the driving device 200 in a direction loosened from the transmission shaft 8 of the driving device 200.
  • the loosening force prevents the blade head 1 from rotating relative to the drive unit 200 in a direction that is unscrewed from the drive shaft 8 of the drive unit 200, thereby avoiding the phenomenon that the propeller is loose or even paddle.
  • a schematic structural diagram of a power assembly 300 includes a propeller 100 in the above embodiment and a driving device 200 screwed to the propeller 100 .
  • the driving device 200 can be a driving motor or other power structure.
  • the locking member 3 of the propeller 100 abuts the drive device 200, thereby providing a limitation The force with which the propeller 100 rotates relative to the drive unit 200 in the direction of loosening.
  • the driving device 200 includes a casing 6 and an outer side connected to one end of the casing 6. Cover 7.
  • the driving device 200 is an outer rotor type motor
  • the stator capacity of the driving device 200 Positioned inside the outer casing 6, the outer casing 6 of the rotor is rotatable about the stator under the action of a magnetic field, thereby generating a rotational force for driving the propeller 100.
  • one end of the locking member 3 is connected to the blade head 1 and the other end extends toward the outer cover 7 of the driving device 200.
  • the outer cover 7 of the driving device 100 is further provided with a locking portion that is lockingly engaged with the locking member 3, so that when the propeller 100 has a tendency to loosen, the end portion of the locking member 3 can abut against the driving device 200, thereby A force is provided that limits the propeller 100 from rotating relative to the drive unit 200 from the drive shaft 8 of the drive unit 200.
  • the outer cover 7 of the driving device 200 is formed with a plurality of ribs 4, and the locking portion of the driving device 200 has the plurality of ribs 4 and a gap 5 between the adjacent ribs 4.
  • the end of the locking member 3 enters the gap 5, abutting the rib 4 adjacent to the gap 5, thereby providing a force that limits the rotation of the propeller 100 relative to the drive unit 200 in a direction that is unscrewed from the drive shaft 8, preventing the propeller 100 from rotating.
  • the rotation of the propeller 100 is prevented relative to the rotation of the driving device 200, that is, the loosening of the propeller 100 is prevented.
  • the locking portion may also be in other forms such as a rough structure provided on the end surface of the rotor or the like.
  • the locking member 3 is inclined with respect to the plane of the bottom of the propeller 100, and the setting direction of the locking member 3 is inclined toward the direction in which the propeller 100 is unscrewed from the propeller shaft 8.
  • the angle of inclination of the locking member 3 with respect to the plane is an acute angle. In a preferred embodiment, the angle is from 35 to 55 degrees. If the angle of inclination is too large, it will cause the lock during the tightening process. The deformation of the fixed part is too large, and the strength of the reverse lock is insufficient; if the inclination angle is too small, an effective elastic function cannot be formed, and the necessary cross-sectional area of the lock member cannot be ensured.
  • the propeller 100 when viewed from the top of the propeller 100, when the propeller 100 rotates counterclockwise, the propeller 100 is released from the driving device 200.
  • the line at the connection point of the locking member 3 and the blade head 1 when the propeller 100 is rotated relative to the driving device 200 in the direction of loosening (counterclockwise direction when the propeller 100 is viewed in plan)
  • the direction of the velocity v is the direction indicated by the arrow in the figure, and at this time, it can be seen that the angle between the extending direction of the locking member 3 and the direction of the linear velocity v is an acute angle. In a preferred embodiment, the angle is from 35 to 55 degrees.
  • the locking member 3 is disposed at such an angle, and the technical effect is that when the propeller 100 is gradually loosened in the counterclockwise direction, the end of the locking member 3 abuts against the tendon 4, restricting the screw 100 from loosening; conversely, when When the propeller 100 is gradually tightened in the clockwise direction, since the distal end of the locking member 3 is no longer abutted against the tendon 4, the propeller 100 can smoothly continue to be gradually tightened in the clockwise direction without being affected by the locking member 3.
  • the locking member 3 has a certain elasticity, which has the beneficial effect that when the propeller 100 is gradually tightened clockwise, the locking member 3 slides on the surface of the tendon 4, and can smoothly pass the touched tendon 4, The locking action is not formed on the propeller 100, and does not affect the continued rotation of the propeller 100; when the propeller 200 is gradually loosened counterclockwise, the locking member 3 is located in the gap 5, and the nearest tendon 4 abuts the end of the locking member 3, preventing the propeller The rotation of 100 prevents the looseness between the propeller 100 and the drive unit 200. At the same time, since the locking member 3 has a certain elasticity, the locking member 3 exerts a locking effect on the propeller 100, and does not cause breakage and damage due to excessive hardness.
  • the propeller 100 due to the special orientation of the locking member 3, it is ensured that the propeller 100 can be smoothly mounted to the driving device 200, and the blade head 1 of the propeller 100 is prevented from moving toward the device.
  • the direction in which the drive shaft 8 of the drive unit 100 is loosened is rotated relative to the drive unit 200.
  • the inclination direction of the locking member 3 depends on the configuration of the first screw portion 1a of the blade head 1 and the second screw portion 8a of the transmission shaft 8. That is, when the propeller 100 is rotated in the counterclockwise direction when the propeller 100 is viewed in plan, the inclination direction of the locking member 3 should be set to coincide with the oblique direction shown in FIG. 5, that is, as shown in FIG.
  • the angle between the directions indicated by the linear velocity v is an acute angle; and when the propeller 100 is rotated in the clockwise direction when the propeller 100 is viewed from the top, the inclination direction of the locking member 3 should be set to be the same as in FIG.
  • the inclination direction is opposite, that is, the angle between the direction indicated by the reverse extension line of the linear velocity v shown in Fig. 5 is an acute angle.
  • the locking member 3 may be in the shape of a rod having one end connected to the blade head 1 and the other end extending toward the outer cover 6 of the drive unit 200. In a particular embodiment, the locking member 3 can also be tapered or otherwise shaped.
  • the vertical height of the locking member 3 into the gap 5 is from 0.5 mm to 1.5 mm.
  • the vertical height of the locking member 3 into the gap 5 is h, that is, h ranges from 0.5 mm to 1.5 mm.
  • h ranges from 0.5 mm to 1.5 mm.
  • the self-locking range is too wide.
  • the locking member 3 will take on too many elastic deformations, and the process of manually pressing the locking member 3 when the propeller 100 is loosened is more Long, the service life will be reduced; when the vertical height h entered is too small, the action area is too small to effectively achieve the reverse lock function.
  • the locking member 3 and the driving device 200 are started when the installation is started.
  • the end surface of the outer cover 7 is far away, and the process is the same as the conventional installation; as the tightening process advances, the locking member 3 gradually approaches the end surface of the outer cover 7; at the end of the installation process, the locking member 3 begins and covers the outer cover
  • the tendons 4 on the 7 are in contact with a slight compression, and as they pass the gap 5 between the adjacent tendons 4, they return to their original shape and eventually reach the fully tightened position.
  • a sliding buckle (not shown) connected to the blade head of the propeller, and the sliding buckle can be along the circumference of the blade head Sliding in a fixed and axial direction, that is, the sliding buckle can only slide axially along the blade head and cannot rotate in the circumferential direction.
  • One end of the locking member of the propeller is coupled to the sliding buckle, and the sliding buckle can drive the locking member to reciprocate axially along the blade head.
  • the sliding buckle can be slid upward, and the sliding buckle drives the locking component to move upward and away from the driving device.
  • the propeller can be freely rotated; when the propeller is rotated and installed, the sliding buckle is artificially slid and locked.
  • the component is moved down by the slide buckle and inserted into the gap of the outer cover of the drive motor to complete the locking action.
  • the locking member may also be disposed perpendicular to the outer cover of the driving device.
  • the locking member may also be a non-elastic member.
  • the force assembly 300 includes a drive unit 200 and a propeller 100 in any of the above embodiments.
  • the propeller 100 is mounted on the drive unit 200, and the drive unit 200 drives its blades 2 to rotate.
  • the driving device 200 can be any type of motor.
  • the power assembly 300 includes the propeller 100 as an example, but it does not constitute a limitation on the embodiment of the present application.
  • the power assembly 300 provided by the embodiment has the structural features and corresponding beneficial effects of the propeller 100.
  • One embodiment of the present application also provides a drone comprising a fuselage, an arm and a power assembly as described above, the power assembly being coupled to the arm.
  • the components and functions of the power component included in the drone may refer to some or all of the contents described in the above embodiments.
  • the drone equipped with the power component can effectively prevent the blade head of the propeller from rotating relative to the driving device in a direction of loosening from the driving shaft of the driving device when the driving device drives the propeller to frequently accelerate and decelerate rotation, thereby avoiding Looseness between the blade head of the propeller and the drive unit eliminates the possibility of propeller paddles.
  • the propeller provided by the present application is provided with a locking member on the blade head so as to rotate relative to the driving device in a direction in which the propeller is unscrewed from the drive shaft of the driving device.
  • the tendency to provide a force that limits its loosening, thereby preventing the blade head from rotating relative to the drive in a direction that is unscrewed from the drive shaft of the drive, avoiding blade heading The loosening situation prevents the propeller squeegee from happening.
  • due to the special angle provided by the locking member it is possible to prevent the blade head from rotating relative to the drive unit in a direction that is unscrewed from the drive shaft of the drive unit after the propeller is mounted. At the same time, it is also possible to ensure that the installation can be smoothly performed when the blade head of the propeller is mounted on the driving device.

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Abstract

一种螺旋桨、动力组件和无人机。所述螺旋桨(100)用于与驱动所述螺旋桨(100)的驱动装置(200)的传动轴(8)螺纹连接，其包括：桨叶头部(1)，以及设于所述桨叶头部(1)上的叶片(2)；其中，所述桨叶头部(1)还包括第一螺接部(1a)，所述第一螺接部(1a)用于与所述传动轴(8)的第二螺接部(8a)螺纹连接；所述桨叶头部(1)上还设置有锁定部件(3)，所述锁定部件(3)用于防止所述桨叶头部(1)朝着从所述传动轴(8)上拧松的方向相对于所述驱动装置(200)转动。所述的螺旋桨(100)在桨叶头部(1)上设置锁定部件(3)，从而防止所述桨叶头部(1)朝着从所述驱动装置(200)的传动轴(8)上拧松的方向相对于所述驱动装置(200)转动，避免了桨叶头部(1)发生松动的情况，防止了螺旋桨(100)甩桨情况的发生。

Description

一种螺旋桨、动力组件及无人机 技术领域
本申请涉及飞行技术领域，尤其涉及一种螺旋桨、动力组件及无人机。
背景技术
现有技术中，多旋翼无人机同时使用多个驱动装置，每个驱动装置的传动轴上均安装有螺旋桨，以为无人机的飞行提供动力。在无人机的飞行过程中，如需做出上升或下降、倾斜偏转等飞行姿态，则通过调整各驱动装置的转速来实现。
通常，螺旋桨与驱动装置的传动轴之间大都采用螺纹旋紧的方式进行固定。
无人机在运行过程中如频繁调整飞行状态，传动轴会对螺旋桨施加频繁的加减速动作，有可能在特殊情况下导致螺旋桨出现反向拧松的微小转动，例如，由于惯性，导致螺旋桨发现拧松。此时，螺旋桨与传动轴之间的锁紧力将会大幅减小，若螺旋桨继续处于频繁加减速的状态，则有可能从传动轴上脱离，出现甩桨(转轴与桨叶之间发生位置松动)，继而引发例如飞行失控或坠机等严重后果。
申请内容
因此，本申请要解决的技术问题在于克服现有技术中，驱动装置的传动轴与螺旋桨之间容易发生位置松动的技术问题。
为解决上述技术问题，本申请提供一种螺旋桨，用于与驱动所述螺旋 桨的驱动装置的传动轴螺纹连接，其包括：
桨叶头部，以及设于所述桨叶头部上的叶片；其中，所述桨叶头部还包括第一螺接部，所述第一螺接部用于与所述传动轴的第二螺接部螺纹连接；
所述桨叶头部上还设置有锁定部件，所述锁定部件用于防止所述桨叶头部朝着从所述传动轴上拧松的方向相对于所述驱动装置转动。
进一步地，当所述螺旋桨具有朝着从所述传动轴上拧松的方向相对于所述驱动装置转动的趋势时，所述锁定部件与所述驱动装置抵接，从而提供限制所述螺旋桨朝着从所述传动轴上拧松的方向相对于所述驱动装置转动的力。
进一步地，所述驱动装置包括外壳和与所述外壳一端相连的外盖，所述锁定部件一端与所述桨叶头部连接，另一端朝向所述驱动装置的所述外盖延伸。
进一步地，所述外盖上设有与所述锁定部件锁定配合的锁止部。
进一步地，所述外盖上成型有多个筋道，所述锁止部由所述筋道以及相邻筋道之间的间隙构成，所述锁定部件的端部进入所述间隙，抵接与所述间隙相邻的筋道，从而提供限制所述螺旋桨朝着从所述传动轴上拧松的方向相对于所述驱动装置转动的力，对所述螺旋桨形成锁定作用。
进一步地，所述锁定部件进入所述间隙的垂直高度为0.5mm至1.5mm。
进一步地，所述锁定部件相对于所述螺旋桨的底部所在平面倾斜设置，且所述锁定部件朝着所述螺旋桨从所述传动轴上拧松的方向倾斜。
进一步地，所述锁定部件相对于所述平面的倾斜角度为锐角。
进一步地，所述倾斜角度为35度至55度。
进一步地，所述锁定部件一端与所述桨叶头部连接，另一端朝向所述驱动装置延伸；当所述螺旋桨朝着从所述传动轴上拧松的方向相对于所述驱动装置转动时，所述锁定部件的延伸方向与所述锁定部件和所述桨叶头部的连接点处的线速度的方向之间的夹角为锐角。
进一步地，所述夹角角度为35度至55度。
进一步地，所述螺旋桨还具有滑动扣，所述滑动扣与所述桨叶头部连接，所述滑动扣沿所述桨叶头部周向固定且轴向滑动；所述锁定部件的一端与所述滑动扣连接，所述滑动扣可带动所述锁定部件沿桨叶头部轴向往复运动。
进一步地，所述锁定部件为杆状。
进一步地，所述锁定部件为一弹性件。
进一步地，所述叶片的数量大于等于两个，对称设置在所述桨叶头部的侧部上。
为解决上述技术问题，本申请还提供一种动力组件，包括驱动装置和如上所述的螺旋桨，所述驱动装置包括传动轴、外壳以及与所述外壳一端相连的外盖，所述驱动装置通过所述传动轴与所述螺旋桨螺纹连接，用于给所述螺旋桨的转动提供动力。
为解决上述技术问题，本申请还提供一种无人机，包括：机身、机臂和如上所述的动力组件，所述动力组件与所述机臂连接。
本申请相对于现有技术有如下优点：
本申请的螺旋桨在桨叶头部上设有有锁定部件，用于防止所述桨叶头 部朝着从所述驱动装置的传动轴上拧松的方向相对于所述驱动装置转动，从而避免了桨叶头部发生松动的情况，防止了螺旋桨甩桨情况的发生；
本申请的螺旋桨，除了能够在螺旋桨安装好后防止其桨叶头部朝着从所述驱动装置的传动轴上拧松的方向相对与所述驱动装置转动的同时，还能够在将螺旋桨的桨叶头部安装在驱动装置上时，保证能够顺利地完成安装。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本申请具体实施方式或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对具体实施方式或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图是本申请的一些实施方式，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为本申请实施例提供的一种螺旋桨的结构示意图；
图2为本申请实施例提供的一种动力组件的结构示意图，其包括驱动装置和图1所示的螺旋桨；
图3为从另一角度示出的图1的螺旋桨，其示出了桨叶头部所包含的第一螺接部；
图4为图2所示的动力组件中的驱动装置的放大示意图，其示出了传动轴所包含的第二螺接部，该第二螺接部用于与桨叶头部的第一螺接部螺纹连接；
图5为图2所示的动力组件中的螺旋桨的锁定部件及其周围区域在放大后的结构示意图。
附图标记说明：
1–桨叶头部；1a–第一螺接部；2–叶片；3-锁定部件；4-筋道；5-间隙；6-外壳；7–外盖；8–传动轴；8a–第二螺接部；100–螺旋桨；200–驱动装置。
具体实施方式
下面将结合附图对本申请的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本申请一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本申请中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本申请保护的范围。
在本申请的描述中，需要说明的是，术语“中心”、“上”、“下”、“左”、“右”、“竖直”、“水平”、“内”、“外”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本申请和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本申请的限制。此外，术语“第一”、“第二”、“第三”仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性。
在本申请的描述中，需要说明的是，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或一体地连接；可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以具体情况理解上述术语在本申请中的具体含义。
此外，下面所描述的本申请不同实施方式中所涉及的技术特征只要彼 此之间未构成冲突就可以相互结合。
本申请实施例提供的螺旋桨具有桨叶头部和叶片，叶片的数量大于等于两个，均布在桨叶头部的侧部，并且螺旋桨的转动轴线与其桨叶头部的轴向中心线重合。该螺旋桨能够应用于任意涉及螺旋桨的技术领域，尤其适用于无人机技术领域，如：旋翼无人飞行器和倾转旋翼无人飞行器等。其中，所述旋翼无人飞行器包括但不限于：单旋翼、双旋翼、四旋翼、或六旋翼等。
下面结合附图对本申请实施例提供的螺旋桨、动力组件和无人机作进一步说明。
请参见图1，为本申请其中一种实施例提供的螺旋桨100，该螺旋桨100用于与图2、图3所示的驱动装置200的传动轴8螺纹连接，从而通过所述驱动装置200为该螺旋桨100提供旋转的动力，进而通过螺旋桨100的旋转，为诸如无人机之类的飞行装置提供飞行所需的升力等。
该螺旋桨100包括：桨叶头部1、设于所述桨叶头部1上的叶片2以及设置在所述桨叶头部1上的锁定部件3。
为了使得所述螺旋桨100与图2所示的驱动装置200连接，在螺旋桨100的桨叶头部1为中空结构，在该中空结构的内壁上，设置有第一螺接部1a(如图3所示)，该第一螺接部1a与驱动装置200的传动轴8上所设置的第二螺接部8a(如图4所示)相对应，第一螺接部1a与第二螺接部8a螺纹连接，从而将螺旋桨100固定至驱动装置200。在其中一种实现方式中，设置在螺旋桨100的桨叶头部1上的第一螺接部1a为外螺纹，设置在驱动装置200的传动轴8上的第二螺接部8a为内螺纹；在另一种实现方式中则 情况相反，设置在螺旋桨100的桨叶头部1上的第一螺接部1a为内螺纹，设置在驱动装置200的传动轴8上的第二螺接部8a为外螺纹。
由于无人机在运行过程中会频繁地调整其飞行状态，传动轴8会对螺旋桨100施加频繁的加减速动作，有可能在特殊情况下导致螺旋桨100出现反向拧松的微小转动，例如，由于惯性地作用，导致螺旋桨100的桨叶头部1朝着从传动轴8上拧松的方向相对于驱动装置200转动。此时，螺旋桨100与传动轴8之间的锁紧力将会大幅减小，若螺旋桨100继续处于频繁加减速的状态，则有可能从传动轴8上脱离，出现甩桨，继而引发例如飞行器失控或坠机等严重后果。由于本申请的螺旋桨在桨叶头部1上设置了锁定部件3，能够在螺旋桨100具有朝着从驱动装置200的传动轴8上拧松的方向相对于驱动装置200转动的趋势时，提供限制其拧松的力，从而防止所述桨叶头部1朝着从驱动装置200的传动轴8上拧松的方向相对于该驱动装置200转动，避免了螺旋桨发生松脱甚至甩桨的现象。
如图2所示，为本申请实施例提供的一种动力组件300的结构示意图，其包括上述实施例中的螺旋桨100以及与该螺旋桨100螺纹连接的驱动装置200。
其中，该驱动装置200可以为驱动电机或其他动力结构。
当螺旋桨100具有朝着从驱动装置200的传动轴8上拧松的方向相对于该驱动装置200传动的趋势时，螺旋桨100的锁定部件3与所述驱动装置200相互抵接，从而提供限制该螺旋桨100朝着拧松的方向相对于驱动装置200转动的力。
进一步地，该驱动装置200包括外壳6和与所述外壳6一端相连的外 盖7。当驱动装置200为外转子式电机时，该外壳6和外盖7以及设于所述外壳6的内表面的永磁体(未图示)共同组成驱动装置的转子，而驱动装置200的定子容置在外壳6的内部，转子的外壳6能够在磁场的作用下绕所述定子转动，从而产生用于驱动螺旋桨100的转动力。
具体地，锁定部件3的一端与桨叶头部1连接，另一端朝向所述驱动装置200的所述外盖7延伸。驱动装置100的外盖7上还设置有与锁定部件3锁定配合的锁止部，因而，当得螺旋桨100具有拧松的趋势时，锁定部件3的端部能够与驱动装置200抵接，从而提供限制所述螺旋桨100朝着从驱动装置200的传动轴8相对于所述驱动装置200转动的力。
如图4和5所示，进一步示出了驱动装置200如何与锁定部件3相互配合，发挥限制螺旋桨100拧松的锁定作用。
具体地，驱动装置200的外盖7上成型有多个筋道4，所述驱动装置200的上述锁止部有该多个筋道4以及位于相邻的筋道4之间的间隙5构成。锁定部件3的末端进入间隙5中，抵接与该间隙5相邻的筋道4，从而提供限制螺旋桨100朝着从传动轴8上拧松的方向相对于驱动装置200转动的力阻止了螺旋桨100相对于驱动装置200转动，对该螺旋桨100形成锁定作用，即防止了螺旋桨100发生松动。在一个具体的实施例中，锁止部也可以为其他形式，如设于转子端表面的粗糙结构等。
从图中可以看出，锁定部件3相对于螺旋桨100的底部所在平面倾斜设置，且锁定部件3的设置方向是朝着螺旋桨100从传动轴8上拧松的方向倾斜的。所述锁定部件3相对于所述平面的倾斜角度为锐角。在优选实施方式中，该角度为35至55度。该倾斜角度过大则会造成旋紧过程中锁 定部件的形变幅度过大，并且反向锁死的强度不够；该倾斜角度过小则无法形成有效弹性功能，且无法保证必须的锁定部件横截面积。
具体地，对于本实施例而言，从螺旋桨100的顶部俯视观察时，当螺旋桨100逆时针旋转时，螺旋桨100从驱动装置200上松开。换言之，回到图5，螺旋桨100在朝着拧松的方向(俯视观察螺旋桨100时的逆时针方向)相对于驱动装置200转动时，锁定部件3和桨叶头部1的连接点处的线速度v的方向为图中箭头所示的方向，此时，可以看到锁定部件3的延伸方向与该线速度v的方向之间的夹角为锐角。在优选实施方式中，该角度为35至55度。
以这样的角度设置锁定部件3，带来的技术效果是，螺旋桨100朝着逆时针方向逐渐拧松时，锁定部件3的末端会与筋道4抵接，限制螺旋桨100拧松；相反地，当螺旋桨100朝着顺时针方向逐渐拧紧时，由于锁定部件3的末端不再与筋道4抵接，螺旋桨100能够顺利地继续朝着顺时针方向逐渐拧紧，不受到锁定部件3的影响。
在优选实施例中，锁定部件3具有一定弹性，带来的有益效果是，当螺旋桨100顺时针旋转逐渐拧紧时，锁定部件3在筋道4表面滑动，能够顺利地经过触碰到的筋道4，不对螺旋桨100形成锁定作用，不影响螺旋桨100继续旋转拧紧；而当螺旋桨200逆时针旋转逐渐拧松时，锁定部件3位于间隙5中，最近的筋道4抵接锁定部件3的末端，阻止了螺旋桨100的转动，进而防止螺旋桨100与驱动装置200之间的松动。同时，由于锁定部件3具有一定的弹性，在锁定部件3对螺旋桨100产生锁定效果的同时，不至于由于硬度过大而发生折断和损坏。
因此，在本申请实施例中，由于锁定部件3的特殊的设置朝向，既保证了能够顺利地将螺旋桨100安装到驱动装置200上，又防止了螺旋桨100的桨叶头部1朝着从所述驱动装置100的传动轴8上拧松的方向相对与所述驱动装置200转动。
应理解的是，设置的锁定部件3的倾斜方向取决于桨叶头部1的第一螺接部1a和传动轴8的第二螺接部8a的构造。即，若俯视观察螺旋桨100时，螺旋桨100沿逆时针方向旋转时逐渐拧松，则锁定部件3的倾斜方向应该设置为与图5中所示的倾斜方向一致，即，与图5中所示的线速度v所指的方向之间的夹角呈锐角；而若俯视观察螺旋桨100时，螺旋桨100沿顺时针方向旋转时逐渐拧松，则锁定部件3的倾斜方向应该设置为与图5中所述的倾斜方向相反，即，与图5中所示的线速度v的反向延长线所指的方向之间的夹角呈锐角。
在一实施例中，所述锁定部件3可以为杆状，其一端与所述桨叶头部1连接，另一端朝向所述驱动装置200的外盖6延伸。在一个具体的实施例中，锁定部件3还可以是锥形或其他形状。
在优选实施方式中，所述锁定部件3进入所述间隙5的垂直高度为0.5mm至1.5mm。如图5所示，锁定部件3进入间隙5的垂直高度为h，即h的范围为0.5mm至1.5mm。当h过大则自锁范围太广，每次旋紧螺旋桨100的过程中，锁定部件3将会承担次数过多的弹性形变，且旋松螺旋桨100时需要人为推压锁定部件3的过程较长，使用寿命会减少；当进入的垂直高度h过小，则作用面积过小无法有效实现反向锁死功能。
在螺旋桨100安装过程中，开始安装时，锁定部件3与驱动装置200 的外盖7的端面距离较远，此过程与常规安装方式无异；随着旋紧过程推进，锁定部件3逐步接近外盖7的端面；安装过程快结束时，锁定部件3开始与外盖7上的筋道4接触并发生轻微的压迫，而当其经过相邻筋道4之间的间隙5时则会恢复原状，最终到达完全旋紧位置。此时如将螺旋桨100向旋松的方向施力，则锁定部件3的末端会自动抵接最近的筋道4，使螺旋桨100无法转动；必须人为向上推压锁定部件3，使锁定部件3末端高于筋道4的端面，并同时旋松螺旋桨100才能继续进行。
在本申请另一实施例提供的螺旋桨中，还具有滑动扣(图中未示出)，所述滑动扣与螺旋桨的桨叶头部连接，所述滑动扣可沿所述桨叶头部周向固定且轴向滑动，即所述滑动扣仅可沿桨叶头部轴向滑动而不可沿圆周方向转动。所述螺旋桨的锁定部件的一端与所述滑动扣连接，所述滑动扣可带动所述锁定部件沿桨叶头部轴向往复运动。此时，在安装螺旋桨时，可将滑动扣向上滑动，滑动扣带动锁定部件上移从而远离驱动装置，此时，可自由旋转安装螺旋桨；当螺旋桨旋转安装完毕后，人为滑下滑动扣，锁定部件在滑动扣的作用下下移并插入驱动电机的外盖的间隙，从而完成锁定作用。此时，锁定部件也可以为垂直所述驱动装置的外盖设置，在一个具体的实施例中，锁定部件也可以为非弹性件。当滑动扣上移使锁定部件远离外盖端时，此时滑动扣自动锁死，松手后，滑动扣不会下滑。当滑动扣下移使锁定部件进入间隙形成锁定后，此时滑动扣自动锁死，使得螺旋桨在旋转过程中锁定部件不会随之上下颠簸而脱离间隙，造成无法继续进行锁定的问题。
本申请其中一个实施例还提供了一种动力组件300，如图2所示，该动 力组件300包括驱动装置200和如上任一实施例中的螺旋桨100，螺旋桨100安装在驱动装置200上，由驱动装置200驱动其桨叶2旋转。其中，该驱动装置200可以是任意类型的电机。此外，在图2中，以该动力组件300包括螺旋桨100为例进行说明，但其并不能构成对本申请实施例的限定。
此外，可以理解的是，本实施例提供的动力组件300具备螺旋桨100的结构特征和相应的有益效果。未在本实施例中详尽描述的技术细节，可参见上述的实施例。
本申请其中一个实施例还提供一种无人机，包括机身、机臂和如上所述的动力组件，所述动力组件与所述机臂连接。
在本实施例中，该无人机包括的动力组件的组成部件和功能可以参考上述实施例中所描述的部分或全部内容。配置有该动力组件的无人机能够在驱动装置驱动螺旋桨频繁加减速旋转时，有效防止螺旋桨的桨叶头部朝着从驱动装置的传动轴上拧松的方向相对于驱动装置转动，避免了螺旋桨的桨叶头部与驱动装置之间发生松动的情况，从而杜绝螺旋桨甩桨的可能性。
总的来说，区别于现有技术的情况，本申请提供的螺旋桨在桨叶头部上设置锁定部件，从而在螺旋桨具有朝着从驱动装置的传动轴上拧松的方向相对于驱动装置转动的趋势时，提供限制其拧松的力，从而防止所述桨叶头部朝着从所述驱动装置的传动轴上拧松的方向相对于所述驱动装置转动，避免了桨叶头部发生松动的情况，防止了螺旋桨甩桨情况的发生。另外，由于锁定部件设置的特殊角度，除了能够在螺旋桨安装好后防止其桨叶头部朝着从所述驱动装置的传动轴上拧松的方向相对与所述驱动装置转 动的同时，还能够在将螺旋桨的桨叶头部安装在驱动装置上时，保证能够顺利地完成安装。
需要说明的是，本申请的说明书及其附图中给出了本申请的较佳的实施例，但是，本申请可以通过许多不同的形式来实现，并不限于本说明书所描述的实施例，这些实施例不作为对本申请的额外限制，提供这些实施例的目的是使对本申请的公开内容的理解更加透彻全面。并且，上述各技术特征继续相互组合，形成未在上面列举的各种实施例，均视为本申请说明书记载的范围；进一步地，对本领域普通技术人员来说，可以根据上述说明加以改进或变换，而所有这些改进和变换都应属于本申请所附权利要求的保护范围。

Claims (17)

  1. 一种螺旋桨(100)，用于与驱动所述螺旋桨(100)的驱动装置(200)的传动轴(8)螺纹连接，其特征在于，包括：
    桨叶头部(1)，以及设于所述桨叶头部(1)上的叶片(2)；其中，所述桨叶头部(1)包括第一螺接部，所述第一螺接部用于与所述传动轴(8)的第二螺接部螺纹连接；
    所述桨叶头部(1)上还设置有锁定部件(3)，所述锁定部件(3)用于防止所述桨叶头部(1)朝着从所述传动轴(8)上拧松的方向相对于所述驱动装置(200)转动。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的螺旋桨(100)，其特征在于，当所述螺旋桨(100)具有朝着从所述传动轴(8)上拧松的方向相对于所述驱动装置(200)转动的趋势时，所述锁定部件(3)与所述驱动装置(200)抵接，从而提供限制所述螺旋桨(100)朝着从所述传动轴(8)上拧松的方向相对于所述驱动装置(200)转动的力。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的螺旋桨(100)，其特征在于，
    所述驱动装置(200)包括外壳(6)和与所述外壳(6)一端相连的外盖(7)，所述锁定部件(3)一端与所述桨叶头部(1)连接，另一端朝向所述驱动装置(200)的所述外盖(7)延伸。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的螺旋桨(100)，其特征在于，所述外盖(7)上设有与所述锁定部件(3)锁定配合的锁止部。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的螺旋桨(100)，其特征在于：所述外盖(7)上成型有多个筋道(4)，所述锁止部由所述筋道(4)以及相邻筋道(4)之间的间隙(5)构成，所述锁定部件(3)的端部进入所述间隙(5)，抵接与所述间隙(5)相邻的筋道(4)，从而提供限制所述螺旋桨(100)朝着从所述传动轴(8)上拧松的方向相对于所述驱动装置(200)转动的力，对所述螺旋桨(100)形成锁定作用。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的螺旋桨(100)，其特征在于：所述锁定部件(3)进入所述间隙(5)的垂直高度为0.5mm至1.5mm。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的螺旋桨(100)，其特征在于，所述锁定部件(3)相对于所述螺旋桨(100)的底部所在平面倾斜设置，且所述锁定部件(3)朝着所述螺旋桨(100)从所述传动轴(8)上拧松的方向倾斜。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的螺旋桨(100)，其特征在于：所述锁定部件(3)相对于所述平面的倾斜角度为锐角。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的螺旋桨(100)，其特征在于：所述倾斜角度为35度至55度。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的螺旋桨(100)，其特征在于，
    所述锁定部件(3)一端与所述桨叶头部(1)连接，另一端朝向所述驱动装置(200)延伸；
    当所述螺旋桨(100)朝着从所述传动轴(8)上拧松的方向相对于所述驱动装置(200)转动时，所述锁定部件(3)的延伸方向与所述锁定部件(3)和所述桨叶头部的连接点处的线速度的方向之间的夹角为锐角。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的螺旋桨(100)，其特征在于：所述夹角角度为35度至55度。
  12. 根据权利要求1-11任一所述的螺旋桨(100)，其特征在于：所述螺旋桨(100)还具有滑动扣，所述滑动扣与所述桨叶头部(1)连接，所述滑动扣沿所述桨叶头部(1)周向固定且轴向滑动；所述锁定部件(3)的一端与所述滑动扣连接，所述滑动扣可带动所述锁定部件(3)沿桨叶头部(1)轴向往复运动。
  13. 根据权利要求1所述的螺旋桨(100)，其特征在于，所述锁定部件(3)为杆状。
  14. 根据权利要求1所述的螺旋桨(100)，其特征在于：所述锁定部件(3)为一弹性件。
  15. 根据权利要求1所述的螺旋桨(100)，其特征在于，所述叶片(2)的数量大于等于两个，对称设置在所述桨叶头部(1)的侧部上。
  16. 一种动力组件(300)，其特征在于，包括驱动装置(200)和如权利要求1-15中任一所述的螺旋桨(100)，所述驱动装置(200)包括传动轴(8)、外壳(6)以及与所述外壳(6)一端相连的外盖(7)，所述驱动装置(200)通过所述传动轴(8)与所述螺旋桨(100)螺纹连接，用于给所述螺旋桨(100)的转动提供动力。
  17. 一种无人机，其特征在于，包括：机身、机臂和如权利要求16所述的动力组件(300)，所述动力组件(300)与所述机臂连接。
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