WO2018076678A1 - 一种摄像机 - Google Patents

一种摄像机 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018076678A1
WO2018076678A1 PCT/CN2017/085702 CN2017085702W WO2018076678A1 WO 2018076678 A1 WO2018076678 A1 WO 2018076678A1 CN 2017085702 W CN2017085702 W CN 2017085702W WO 2018076678 A1 WO2018076678 A1 WO 2018076678A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
lens
housing
turret
lens housing
bracket
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2017/085702
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
叶展
孙明东
李春燕
Original Assignee
杭州海康威视数字技术股份有限公司
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Application filed by 杭州海康威视数字技术股份有限公司 filed Critical 杭州海康威视数字技术股份有限公司
Publication of WO2018076678A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018076678A1/zh

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N23/00—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
    • H04N23/50—Constructional details
    • H04N23/51—Housings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16M—FRAMES, CASINGS OR BEDS OF ENGINES, MACHINES OR APPARATUS, NOT SPECIFIC TO ENGINES, MACHINES OR APPARATUS PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; STANDS; SUPPORTS
    • F16M11/00—Stands or trestles as supports for apparatus or articles placed thereon ; Stands for scientific apparatus such as gravitational force meters
    • F16M11/02—Heads
    • F16M11/04—Means for attachment of apparatus; Means allowing adjustment of the apparatus relatively to the stand
    • F16M11/06—Means for attachment of apparatus; Means allowing adjustment of the apparatus relatively to the stand allowing pivoting
    • F16M11/12—Means for attachment of apparatus; Means allowing adjustment of the apparatus relatively to the stand allowing pivoting in more than one direction
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16M—FRAMES, CASINGS OR BEDS OF ENGINES, MACHINES OR APPARATUS, NOT SPECIFIC TO ENGINES, MACHINES OR APPARATUS PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; STANDS; SUPPORTS
    • F16M11/00—Stands or trestles as supports for apparatus or articles placed thereon ; Stands for scientific apparatus such as gravitational force meters
    • F16M11/02—Heads
    • F16M11/04—Means for attachment of apparatus; Means allowing adjustment of the apparatus relatively to the stand
    • F16M11/06—Means for attachment of apparatus; Means allowing adjustment of the apparatus relatively to the stand allowing pivoting
    • F16M11/12—Means for attachment of apparatus; Means allowing adjustment of the apparatus relatively to the stand allowing pivoting in more than one direction
    • F16M11/121—Means for attachment of apparatus; Means allowing adjustment of the apparatus relatively to the stand allowing pivoting in more than one direction constituted of several dependent joints
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16M—FRAMES, CASINGS OR BEDS OF ENGINES, MACHINES OR APPARATUS, NOT SPECIFIC TO ENGINES, MACHINES OR APPARATUS PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; STANDS; SUPPORTS
    • F16M11/00—Stands or trestles as supports for apparatus or articles placed thereon ; Stands for scientific apparatus such as gravitational force meters
    • F16M11/02—Heads
    • F16M11/18—Heads with mechanism for moving the apparatus relatively to the stand
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N23/00—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
    • H04N23/50—Constructional details
    • H04N23/54—Mounting of pick-up tubes, electronic image sensors, deviation or focusing coils

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the technical field of camera structures, and in particular, to a camera.
  • the camera includes a lens, a lens circuit board, a lens housing, a horizontal rotating frame, a mounting seat, a vertical rotating mechanism and a horizontal rotating mechanism; wherein the lens and the lens circuit board are fixed in the lens housing and electrically connected, the lens
  • the shell is rotatably connected with the horizontal turret, so that the vertical rotation drive mechanism drives the lens casing to rotate around the vertical rotation axis relative to the horizontal turret in a horizontal plane; the horizontal turret is rotatably connected with the mounting seat to drive the horizontal rotation drive mechanism to drive the horizontal rotation frame
  • the turret shaft rotates in a horizontal plane relative to the mount.
  • the vertical adjustment mechanism drives the lens housing to rotate from the initial angle to the target angle with respect to the horizontal turret about the vertical axis, and then drives the horizontal turret around the horizontal axis by the horizontal adjustment mechanism from the initial clamp The angle is turned to the angle of the target.
  • the lens housing is rotatable relative to the mount about the vertical axis of rotation, in order to maximize space utilization, the lens housing is typically a thin-walled annular spherical shell centered on the vertical axis.
  • both the vertical adjustment mechanism and the horizontal adjustment mechanism are installed in a vertical space formed by both the horizontal turret and the lens housing, that is, while satisfying the rotational connection of the lens housing and the horizontal turret about the vertical axis,
  • a mounting space for mounting the vertical adjustment mechanism and the horizontal adjustment mechanism must be reserved between the lens housing and the horizontal turret, so that the height dimension of the camera in the vertical plane is too large, and then the overall size of the camera is made. Too large, not in line with the current market demand for miniaturization of cameras.
  • the camera provided by the present application comprises a turret rotatably mounted on a mounting seat, the turret is provided with a lens casing rotatable relative to the turret, and the lens casing is provided with a rotation along with the lens casing
  • the lens further includes a lens case driving motor that drives the lens housing to rotate relative to the turret, the lens housing driving motor is mounted in the lens housing, and the lens housing driving motor is along with the lens housing Turn.
  • a turret drive motor that drives the turret to rotate relative to the mount is further included, the turret drive motor being located between the turret and the lens housing.
  • a position corresponding to the turret drive motor on the lens housing is provided with a concave motor accommodating area, and the turret drive motor is located at the lens housing motor accommodating area.
  • the camera is a spherical camera, and an outer surface portion of the lens housing is a spherical arc surface.
  • the turret is provided with two brackets extending perpendicularly to the direction of rotation thereof, the lens housing being mounted between the two brackets via a rotating shaft, and the lens housing driving motor drives the The lens housing rotates about the rotating shaft.
  • one of the two brackets has a bracket rotating shaft, and the other has a bracket bearing hole, the lens housing has a lens housing shaft and a lens housing bearing hole, and the bracket shaft passes through the lens housing bearing hole and The lens housing is rotatably connected, and the lens housing shaft is rotatably coupled to the lens housing through the bracket bearing hole.
  • the bracket includes a cover portion and a support portion; the turret is sealingly connected with the cover portion to form a closed cavity, the turret driving motor is located in the sealed cavity, and the lens case passes The rotating shaft is mounted on the support portion.
  • the bracket further includes a bearing end cover, the support portion has the bracket bearing hole, the rotating shaft is fixed to the lens housing and is rotatably connected to the bracket through the bracket bearing hole, A bearing end cap is coupled to the support portion and covers the bracket bearing bore.
  • the lens housing is a sealed lens housing, and the lens housing is rotatably and sealingly connected to the two brackets.
  • the lens housing includes a first housing, a second housing, and a housing end cover;
  • the first housing and the second housing are sealed and assembled into a housing having an open end, and the housing end cover is sealed and fixedly connected to both the first housing and the second housing And covering the open end.
  • a central angle of the first housing is greater than a central angle of the second housing in a cross section perpendicular to the rotating shaft, and the rotating shaft is disposed on the first housing.
  • the bracket includes two intersecting wire harness holes, and one of the two wire harness holes is a through hole communicating with the lens housing, and the other is connected to the through hole and extends to the through hole.
  • the end surface of the bracket is screwed to the plug to block the outer port of the through hole, and the harness hole is a power line hole or a signal line hole.
  • a power line and a signal line are included, the lens case is provided with a power line hole and a signal line hole, and the power line penetrates into the lens case through the power line hole, and the signal line passes through the signal line hole
  • the power line hole and the signal line hole are respectively disposed on opposite sides of the lens case.
  • a lens housing driving motor that drives the lens housing to rotate by the lens housing deceleration mechanism
  • the turret driving motor that is driven by the turret reduction mechanism The turret rotates; at least one of the lens case reduction mechanism and the turret reduction mechanism is a synchronous belt reduction mechanism.
  • the camera includes a lens fixedly mounted to the lens housing, and the lens and the lens housing driving motor are sequentially disposed in a direction perpendicular to a rotation axis of the lens housing.
  • the camera provided by the present application includes a turret rotatably mounted on a mounting seat, and the turret is provided with a lens housing that is rotatable relative to the turret, and the lens housing is provided with a lens that rotates together with the lens housing.
  • the lens housing driving motor that drives the lens housing to rotate relative to the turret, the lens housing driving motor is mounted in the lens housing, and the lens housing driving motor rotates together with the lens housing.
  • the camera fully utilizes the lens housing structure to fix the lens housing drive motor in the lens housing, which can reduce the height dimension of the camera in a vertical plane to some extent.
  • FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional structural view of a specific embodiment of a camera provided by the present application.
  • FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional structural view showing an assembly of both the shell end cover and the left bracket
  • Figure 3 is a schematic exploded view of the assembly shown in Figure 2;
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic perspective view of the right bracket.
  • lens housing 20 first housing, 20a lens housing shaft, 20b lens housing motor housing area, 21 housing end cover, 21a lens housing bearing hole;
  • 6 left bracket 6a bracket shaft, 6b plug;
  • bracket bearing hole 7a bracket bearing hole, 70 housing part, 70a spherical shell part, 70b bracket motor receiving area, 71 supporting part, 72 bearing end cover;
  • FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional structural view of a specific embodiment of a camera provided by the present application.
  • the camera includes a turret 1 that is rotatably mounted on a mount (not shown).
  • the turret 1 is provided with a lens case 2 rotatable relative to the turret 1, and a lens that rotates together with the lens case 2 is provided in the lens case 2.
  • the camera further includes a lens housing driving motor 4 that drives the lens housing 2 to rotate relative to the turret 1, the lens housing driving motor 4 is mounted in the lens housing 2, and the lens housing driving motor 4 rotates together with the lens housing 2.
  • the camera Compared with the prior art, the camera fully utilizes the idle space to mount the lens housing drive motor 4 to the lens housing 2, thereby reducing the height dimension of the camera to a certain extent.
  • the camera further includes a turret drive motor 5 that drives the turret 1 to rotate relative to the mount, and the turret drive motor 5 is located between the turret 1 and the lens housing 2.
  • the outer surface of the lens housing 2 has a concave lens housing motor receiving area 20b; the lens housing driving motor 4 is fixedly mounted in the lens housing 2, and the turret driving motor 5 is fixedly mounted on the turret 1 and located in the lens housing motor housing The area 20b is placed.
  • the lens housing driving motor 4 and the turret driving motor 5 are disposed in a sub-chamber, and are recessed in the outer surface of the lens housing 2 to form a lens housing motor accommodating region 20b for accommodating the turret driving motor 5, so that the camera can be reduced to some extent.
  • the rotation axes of the turret 1 and the lens housing 2 are perpendicular to each other, and are herein distinguished horizontally and vertically, that is, the turret 1 rotates in a horizontal plane with respect to the mount.
  • the lens housing 2 is rotated in a vertical plane with respect to the turret 1.
  • the turret 1 is provided with two brackets extending perpendicularly to the rotational direction thereof, and the lens housing 2 is mounted between the two brackets via a rotating shaft, and the lens housing driving motor 4 drives the lens housing 2 to rotate about the rotating shaft.
  • the two brackets are distinguished here by the orientation words, and are located on the right hand side of the lens housing 2 with the lens housing 2 as referenced in FIG.
  • the bracket is a right bracket 7, and the bracket on the left hand side of the lens housing 2 is a left bracket 6.
  • the left bracket 6 has a bracket rotating shaft 6a
  • the right bracket 7 has a bracket bearing hole 7a
  • the lens housing 2 has a lens housing rotating shaft 20a and a lens housing bearing hole 21a
  • the bracket rotating shaft 6a, the bracket bearing hole 7a, and the lens housing The rotating shaft 20a and the lens housing bearing hole 21a are coaxially disposed.
  • the bracket rotating shaft 6a is rotatably coupled to the lens housing 2 by a bearing mounted in the lens housing bearing hole 21a, and the lens housing rotating shaft 20a is rotatably coupled to the lens housing 2 via a bearing mounted to the bracket bearing hole 7a.
  • the adjustment of the camera monitoring angle is fine-tuned, that is, the rotation angle of the lens housing 2 relative to the mounting seat is small each time the monitoring supervision is adjusted, in order to meet the fine adjustment of the lens housing by the high-speed motor driving
  • the lens housing drive motor 4 and the turret drive motor 5 both drive the lens housing to rotate relative to the mount through a speed reduction mechanism.
  • both the lens case driving motor 4 and the turret driving motor 5 adopt a synchronous belt speed reducing mechanism.
  • the speed reduction mechanism of the lens case driving motor 4 is referred to herein as a lens case speed reducing mechanism
  • the turret driving motor 5 is decelerated.
  • the mechanism is called a turret reduction mechanism.
  • the lens reduction mechanism and the turret reduction mechanism both use a synchronous belt reduction mechanism.
  • the lens housing reduction mechanism includes a lens housing active synchronization wheel 40, a lens housing driven synchronous wheel 41, and a lens housing timing belt 42; wherein the lens housing active synchronous wheel 40 is coaxially and fixedly coupled with the lens housing shaft 20a, the lens The case driven synchronous wheel 41 is coaxially and fixedly coupled to the armature shaft of the lens case driving motor 4, and the lens case timing belt 42 is tensioned by the lens case active synchronous wheel 40 and the lens case driven synchronous wheel 41 and the internal teeth are meshed.
  • the turret reduction mechanism includes a turret active synchronous wheel 50, a turret driven synchronous wheel 51 and a turret timing belt 52; wherein the turret active synchronous wheel 50 is coaxially and fixedly connected with the turret rotating shaft 3, and the turret
  • the driven synchronous wheel 51 is coaxially and fixedly connected to the armature shaft of the turret drive motor 5, and the turret timing belt 52 is tensioned by the turret active synchronous wheel 50 and the turret driven synchronous wheel 51, and the internal teeth are meshed and rotated.
  • the frame rotating shaft 3 is fixedly connected to the mounting seat and rotatably connected to the turret 1 through a bearing.
  • the turret driving motor 5 is fixedly connected with the turret 1
  • the turret rotating shaft 3 and the turret 1 are rotationally connected by bearings
  • the turret rotating shaft 3 and the armature of the turret driving motor 5 are connected.
  • the shaft is connected via a timing belt drive.
  • the turret drive motor 5 when the turret drive motor 5 is activated, the turret drive motor 5 will drive the turret 1 to rotate in a horizontal plane with respect to the mount about the turret shaft 3, while the lens housing 2 is also horizontal with the turret 1 The plane rotates.
  • the lens housing driving motor 4 is fixedly coupled to the lens housing 2
  • the lens housing shaft 6a and the lens housing 2 are rotationally coupled by bearings, and the lens housing shaft 6a and the lens housing driving motor are coupled.
  • the armature shaft of 4 is connected by a timing belt drive.
  • the lens case driving motor 4 when the lens case driving motor 4 is activated, the lens case driving motor 4 will drive the lens case 2 Rotating in a vertical plane with respect to the turret 1 about the bracket rotating shaft 6a.
  • the synchronous belt speed reduction mechanism has a compact structure and a stable transmission.
  • the lens reduction mechanism and the horizontal reduction mechanism may also be other reduction mechanisms commonly used in the art, such as a gear reduction mechanism and a sprocket reduction mechanism.
  • the functional elements such as the lens of the camera and the lens circuit board 80 are also fixedly mounted in the lens housing 2, and both the lens and the lens circuit board 80 require a certain level of waterproofing requirements. Therefore, how to assemble the components such as the lens case 2, the lens case driving motor 4, the lens and the lens circuit board 80 simply and quickly, and also make the waterproof performance of the camera become a technical problem that those skilled in the art need to solve.
  • the lens housing 2 is assembled by sealing a plurality of components.
  • the lens housing 2 includes a first housing 20, a second housing (not shown), and a housing end cover 21; wherein the first housing 20 and the second housing are both sealed to have an open
  • the mouth end housing, the shell end cover 21 is sealingly connected to the first housing 20 and the second housing and covers the open end.
  • the shell end cover 21 and the spherical shell are sealedly connected by a U-ring and a screw, and the shell end cover 21 is provided with a sealing groove that cooperates with the U-ring.
  • the present embodiment further defines the specific structure of both the first housing 20 and the second housing.
  • the central angle of the first housing 20 is greater than the central angle of the second housing, and the outer surface of the first housing 20 is provided with the
  • the lens housing shaft 20a is provided with the lens housing bearing hole 21a.
  • the shell end cover 21 and the left bracket 6 are first rotationally and sealingly connected by a bearing and a sealing ring; then, the assembly of the shell end cover 21 and the left bracket 6 is integrally mounted to the first housing 20 and the second housing. Assemble the structure, the assembly process is simple and fast.
  • the right bracket 7 includes a cover portion 70, a support portion 71 and a bearing end cover 72; wherein the turret 1 is sealed with the cover portion 70 and the turret shaft 3 to form a closed seal.
  • the cavity, the cover portion 70 has a spherical shell portion 70a disposed concentrically with the lens housing 2, and the spherical shell portion 70a has a bracket motor receiving portion 70b that matches the lens housing motor receiving portion 20b, and the turret driving motor 5 is located
  • the sealing chamber is placed in the bracket motor receiving area 70b; the supporting portion 71 has a bracket bearing hole 7a, and a sealing ring is press-fitted between the bracket bearing hole 7a and the mating surface of the lens housing vertical rotating shaft 20a.
  • the bearing end cap 72 is sealingly coupled to the support portion 71 and covers the bracket bearing bore 7a, and the right bracket 7 is sealingly coupled to the casing portion 70.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic perspective view of the right bracket.
  • the right bracket 7 and the lens shell 2 are firstly connected and sealed by the bearing and the sealing ring; then, the bearing end cover 72 is fixedly connected to the supporting portion 71 through the sealing ring and the bolt assembly and the cover bracket bearing hole 7a; Then, the right bracket 7 is sealingly fixed to the turret 1.
  • the lens housing 2, the left bracket 6, the right bracket 7, the turret 1 and the turret rotating shaft 3 of such a camera are sealedly connected to each other to form two closed cavities, one of the two closed cavities is used for package rotation.
  • the frame drive motor 5 and the motor drive plate 81, and the other is used to package components such as the lens, the lens circuit board 80, and the lens case drive motor 4, thereby making the camera waterproof, so as to be suitable for monitoring without the outdoor device.
  • the components of the camera are sealed and sealed by a sealing ring.
  • a U-ring 90 is press-fitted between the shell end cover 21, the mating faces of the first housing 20 and the second housing; likewise, between the mating faces of the bearing end cap 72 and the support portion 71 and A U-ring 90 is press-fitted between the mating faces of both the turret 1 and the casing portion 70.
  • a square seal ring 91 is press-fitted between the bracket vertical shaft 6a and the lens shell bearing 21a, the lens housing vertical shaft 20a and the bracket bearing hole 7a, and the mating surface of the turret shaft 3 and the turret 1.
  • the shell end cap 21, the first housing 20 and the second housing, the bearing end cover 72 and the support portion 71, and the turret 1 and the cover portion 70 are both statically sealed, and
  • the bracket vertical shaft 6a and the lens shell bearing 21a, the lens housing vertical shaft 20a and the bracket bearing hole 7a, and the mating surface of the turret shaft 3 and the turret 1 are all rotationally sealed, so that the respective sealing functions are satisfied.
  • those skilled in the art can select a suitable sealing structure according to actual needs.
  • the camera further includes a lens circuit board 80, a main circuit board (not shown), a motor driving board 81, a power line 82, and a signal line 83; wherein the lens circuit board 80 is disposed on the lens housing.
  • the main circuit board is disposed in the mounting seat, and the motor driving board 81 is disposed in the sealed cavity.
  • the lens housing 2 is provided with a power line hole and a signal line hole.
  • the power line 82 penetrates into the lens case 2 through the power line hole
  • the signal line 83 penetrates into the lens case 2 through the signal line hole, and the power line hole and the signal line hole are respectively disposed on the lens case.
  • the lens housing vertical rotation shaft 20a, the support portion 71, and the cover portion 70 are both opened and connected in sequence.
  • the power line hole 82a, the power line 82 is built in the power line hole 82a and is used to connect the lens case drive motor 4 and the motor drive plate 81.
  • the bracket vertical rotating shaft 6a, the left bracket 6, the cover portion 70 and the turret rotating shaft 3 are respectively provided with signal line holes 83a which are sequentially connected, and the signal line 83 is built in the signal line hole 83a and is used for connecting the lens circuit board 80 and the main circuit board. .
  • the power line 82 and the signal line 83 penetrate through the lens housing 2 and are disposed on both sides of the lens housing 2 to avoid mutual signal interference between the power line 82 and the signal line 83.
  • the left bracket 6 in the embodiment is an assembled structure.
  • the left bracket 6 includes two sections of signal line holes 83a which are disposed to intersect each other, and one of the two signal line holes 83a is connected to the signal line hole 83a of the vertical shaft 6a of the bracket.
  • the through hole communicates with the through hole and the signal line hole 83a of the casing portion 70, and the left bracket 6 is screwed with the plug 6b to block the outer port of the through hole.
  • the left bracket 6 can also be a power line hole. Therefore, the signal line hole opened by the left bracket 6 can also be a harness hole. That is to say, the power line hole and the signal line hole position are reversed.
  • the lens and lens housing drive motor 4 are sequentially disposed in a direction perpendicular to the rotation axis of the lens housing 2.
  • the camera is a spherical camera, and the outer surface portion of the lens housing 2 has a spherical arc surface.
  • the camera further includes two spherical outer casings fixed to the turret 1, and the spherical outer surfaces of the two spherical outer casings and the lens casing 2 smoothly transition to form a spherical shape.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Accessories Of Cameras (AREA)
  • Lens Barrels (AREA)

Abstract

本申请提供了一种摄像机，该摄像机包括转动安装在安装座上的转动架，转动架上设置有可相对转动架转动的镜头壳，镜头壳内设有随镜头壳一起转动的镜头；该摄像机还包括驱动镜头壳相对于转动架转动的镜头壳驱动电机，镜头壳驱动电机安装于镜头壳内，且镜头壳驱动电机随镜头壳一起转动。这种摄像机充分利用镜头壳结构，将镜头壳驱动电机固定安装于镜头壳内，这样可在一定程度上缩小摄像机在竖直平面内的高度尺寸。

Description

一种摄像机
本申请要求于2016年10月24日提交中国专利局、申请号为201610932063.X、名称为“一种摄像机”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及摄像机结构技术领域，特别涉及一种摄像机。
背景技术
一般来说，摄像机包括镜头、镜头电路板、镜头壳、水平转动架、安装座、竖直转动机构和水平转动机构；其中，镜头和镜头电路板均固设于镜头壳内并电连接，镜头壳与水平转动架转动连接，以便竖直转动驱动机构驱动镜头壳绕竖直转轴相对水平转动架在水平平面内转动；水平转动架与安装座转动连接，以便水平转动驱动机构驱动水平转动架绕转动架转轴相对于安装座在水平平面内转动。
调节摄像机的监控角度时：首先，分别确定初始状态下镜头的光轴与水平面和竖直面的初始夹角，并分别计算镜头的光轴与水平面和竖直面的目标夹角与相应地初始夹角的角度差；然后，通过竖直调节机构驱动镜头壳相对于水平转动架绕竖直轴线由初始夹角转动至目标夹角，再通过水平调节机构驱动水平转动架绕水平轴线由初始夹角转动至目标夹角。
由于镜头壳可绕竖直转轴相对于安装座转动，为了使空间利用最大化，通常情况下镜头壳具体为以竖直轴线为中心线的薄壁环形球壳。
而，竖直调节机构和水平调节机构均安装于水平转动架和镜头壳两者构成的竖直空间内，也就是说，在满足镜头壳和水平转动架绕竖直轴线转动连接的同时，在竖直方向上，镜头壳和水平转动架之间必须预留用于安装竖直调节机构和水平调节机构的安装空间，这样使得摄像机在竖直平面内的高度尺寸过大，继而使摄像机整体尺寸过大，不符合目前摄像机向小型化发展的市场需求。
有鉴于此，如何优化摄像机的结构，使其整体向小型化发展是本领域技 术人员亟待解决的技术问题。
发明内容
本申请的目的在于，提供一种高度尺寸较小的摄像机。
本申请所提供的摄像机，包括转动安装在安装座上的转动架，所述转动架上设置有可相对所述转动架转动的镜头壳，所述镜头壳内设有随所述镜头壳一起转动的镜头，还包括驱动所述镜头壳相对于所述转动架转动的镜头壳驱动电机，所述镜头壳驱动电机安装于所述镜头壳内，且所述镜头壳驱动电机随所述镜头壳一起转动。
可选地，还包括驱动所述转动架相对安装座转动的转动架驱动电机，所述转动架驱动电机位于所述转动架和所述镜头壳之间。
可选地，所述镜头壳上与所述转动架驱动电机相对应的位置设有内凹的电机容置区域，所述转动架驱动电机位于所述镜头壳电机容置区域处。
可选地，所述摄像机为球形摄像机，所述镜头壳的外表面部分区域为球形弧面。
可选地，还包括固定于所述转动架的两个球面外罩，两个所述球面外罩和所述镜头壳的球形弧面平滑过渡形成球形。
可选地，所述转动架上设有向垂直于其转动方向延伸的两个支架，所述镜头壳通过转轴安装在所述两个所述支架之间，所述镜头壳驱动电机驱动所述镜头壳绕所述转轴转动。
可选地，两个所述支架中一者具有支架转轴，另一者具有支架轴承孔，所述镜头壳具有镜头壳转轴和镜头壳轴承孔，所述支架转轴通过所述镜头壳轴承孔与所述镜头壳转动连接，所述镜头壳转轴通过所述支架轴承孔与所述镜头壳转动连接。
可选地，所述支架包括罩壳部和支撑部；所述转动架与所述罩壳部密封连接形成密闭腔体，所述转动架驱动电机位于所述密闭腔体内，所述镜头壳通过所述转轴安装在所述支撑部。
可选地，所述支架还包括轴承端盖，所述支撑部具有所述支架轴承孔，所述转轴固设于所述镜头壳并通过所述支架轴承孔与所述支架转动连接，所述轴承端盖与所述支撑部连接并罩盖所述支架轴承孔。
可选地，所述镜头壳为密封镜头壳，且，所述镜头壳与两个所述支架均转动密封连接。
可选地，所述镜头壳包括第一壳体、第二壳体和壳端盖；
所述第一壳体和所述第二壳体两者密封拼装为具有一敞口端的壳体，所述壳端盖与所述第一壳体和所述第二壳体两者密封固定连接且罩盖所述敞口端。
可选地，垂直于所述转轴的截面内，所述第一壳体的圆心角大于所述第二壳体的圆心角，所述转轴设置于所述第一壳体。
可选地，所述支架包括相交设置的两段线束孔，两段所述线束孔中一者为与所述镜头壳连通的通孔，另一者与所述通孔连通并延伸至贯穿所述支架的端面，所述支架与堵头螺纹连接，以封堵所述通孔的外端口，所述线束孔为电力线孔或信号线孔。
可选地，包括电力线和信号线，所述镜头壳开设有电力线孔和信号线孔，所述电力线通过所述电力线孔穿入到所述镜头壳内部，所述信号线通过所述信号线孔穿入到所述镜头壳内部，所述电力线孔和所述信号线孔分设于所述镜头壳的相对两侧。
可选地，还包括镜头壳减速机构和转动架减速机构，所述镜头壳驱动电机通过所述镜头壳减速机构驱动所述镜头壳转动，所述转动架驱动电机通过所述转动架减速机构驱动所述转动架转动；所述镜头壳减速机构和所述转动架减速机构至少一者为同步带减速机构。
可选地，所述摄像机包括镜头，所述镜头固定安装于所述镜头壳，所述镜头和所述镜头壳驱动电机沿垂直于所述镜头壳转动轴线的方向顺次设置。
与现有技术相比，本申请所提供的摄像机包括转动安装在安装座上的转动架，转动架上设置有可相对转动架转动的镜头壳，镜头壳内设有随镜头壳一起转动的镜头，还包括驱动镜头壳相对于转动架转动的镜头壳驱动电机，镜头壳驱动电机安装于镜头壳内，且镜头壳驱动电机随镜头壳一起转动。
这种摄像机充分利用镜头壳结构，将镜头壳驱动电机固定安装于镜头壳内，这样可在一定程度上缩小摄像机在竖直平面内的高度尺寸。
附图说明
构成本申请的一部分的说明书附图用来提供对本申请的进一步理解，本申请的示意性实施例及其说明用于解释本申请，并不构成对本申请的不当限定。在附图中：
图1为本申请所提供摄像机具体实施例的剖视结构示意图；
图2为壳端盖和左支架两者装配体的剖视结构示意图；
图3为图2中所示装配体的分解结构示意图；
图4为右支架的立体结构示意图。
其中，图1至4中各组件名称与相应附图标记之间的对应关系为：
1转动架；
2镜头壳：20第一壳体、20a镜头壳转轴、20b镜头壳电机容置区域、21壳端盖、21a镜头壳轴承孔；
3转动架转轴；
4镜头壳驱动电机；
40镜头壳主动同步轮、41镜头壳从动同步轮、42镜头壳同步带；
5转动架驱动电机；
50转动架主动同步轮、51转动架从动同步轮、52转动架同步带；
6左支架：6a支架转轴、6b堵头；
7右支架：7a支架轴承孔、70罩壳部、70a球壳部、70b支架电机容置区域、71支撑部、72轴承端盖；
80镜头电路板、81电机驱动板、82电力线、83信号线、82a电力线孔、83a信号线孔；
90 U型密封圈、91方形密封圈。
具体实施方式
需要说明的是，在不冲突的情况下，本申请中的实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互组合。下面将参考附图并结合实施例来详细说明本申请。
请参见图1，该图为本申请所提供摄像机具体实施例的剖视结构示意图。
由图1可知，摄像机包括转动安装在安装座(图中未示出)上的转动架1， 转动架1上设置有可相对转动架1转动的镜头壳2，镜头壳2内设有随镜头壳2一起转动的镜头。该摄像机还包括驱动镜头壳2相对于转动架1转动的镜头壳驱动电机4，镜头壳驱动电机4安装于镜头壳2内，且镜头壳驱动电机4随镜头壳2一起转动。
与现有技术相比，这种摄像机充分利用闲置空间，将镜头壳驱动电机4安装于镜头壳2，从而在一定程度上缩小了摄像机的高度尺寸。
此外，该摄像机还包括驱动所述转动架1相对安装座转动的转动架驱动电机5，转动架驱动电机5位于所述转动架1和所述镜头壳2之间。
且，镜头壳2的外表面具有内凹的镜头壳电机容置区域20b；镜头壳驱动电机4固定安装于镜头壳2内，转动架驱动电机5固定安装于转动架1并位于镜头壳电机容置区域20b。
镜头壳驱动电机4和转动架驱动电机5分仓设置，并在镜头壳2外表面内凹形成容置转动架驱动电机5的镜头壳电机容置区域20b，这样可在一定程度上缩小摄像机在竖直平面内的高度尺寸。
需要说明的是，本实施例中转动架1和镜头壳2两者的转动轴线相互垂直，本文在此以水平和垂直加以区分，也就是说，转动架1相对于安装座在水平面内转动，镜头壳2相对于转动架1在竖直平面内转动。
当然，在满足组合摄像机监控需求功能基础上，转动架1和镜头壳2两者的转动轴线亦可成相交，具体角度参数本领域技术人员根据实际结构设定。
详细地，转动架1上设有向垂直于其转动方向延伸的两个支架，镜头壳2通过转轴安装在两个支架之间，镜头壳驱动电机4驱动镜头壳2绕所述转轴转动。为了便于本领域技术人员更好地理解镜头壳2与两个支架的装配关系，本文在此以方位词左右区分这两个支架，以图1中镜头壳2为基准位于镜头壳2右手侧的支架为右支架7，位于镜头壳2左手侧的支架为左支架6。
更为详细地，左支架6具有支架转轴6a，右支架7具有支架轴承孔7a，镜头壳2具有镜头壳转轴20a和镜头壳轴承孔21a，且，支架转轴6a、支架轴承孔7a、镜头壳转轴20a和镜头壳轴承孔21a四者同轴设置。
支架转轴6a通过安装于镜头壳轴承孔21a内的轴承与镜头壳2转动连接，镜头壳转轴20a通过安装于支架轴承孔7a的轴承与所述镜头壳2转动连接。
更进一步地，通常情况下，摄像机监控角度的调整均为微调，也就是说，每次调整监控监督时镜头壳2相对于安装座的转动角度较小，为了满足通过高转速电机驱动镜头壳微调的目的，本具体实施例中镜头壳驱动电机4和转动架驱动电机5均通过减速机构驱动镜头壳相对于安装座转动。
具体地，镜头壳驱动电机4和转动架驱动电机5均采用同步带减速机构，为了便于区分本文在此将镜头壳驱动电机4的减速机构称为镜头壳减速机构，转动架驱动电机5的减速机构称为转动架减速机构。本具体实施例中镜头壳减速机构和转动架减速机构均采用同步带减速机构。
详细地，镜头壳减速机构包括镜头壳主动同步轮40、镜头壳从动同步轮41和镜头壳同步带42；其中，镜头壳主动同步轮40与镜头壳转轴20a同轴设置且固定连接，镜头壳从动同步轮41与镜头壳驱动电机4的电枢轴同轴设置且固定连接，镜头壳同步带42由镜头壳主动同步轮40和镜头壳从动同步轮41张紧并内齿啮合。
同样，转动架减速机构包括转动架主动同步轮50、转动架从动同步轮51和转动架同步带52；其中，转动架主动同步轮50与转动架转轴3同轴设置且固定连接，转动架从动同步轮51与转动架驱动电机5的电枢轴同轴设置且固定连接，转动架同步带52由转动架主动同步轮50和转动架从动同步轮51张紧并内齿啮合，转动架转轴3与安装座固定连接并通过轴承与转动架1转动连接。
由于转动架转轴3与安装座固定连接，转动架驱动电机5与转动架1固定连接，转动架转轴3与转动架1通过轴承转动连接，而转动架转轴3和转动架驱动电机5的电枢轴通过同步带传动机构传动连接。
因此，当启动转动架驱动电机5后，转动架驱动电机5将带动转动架1相对于安装座绕转动架转轴3在水平平面内转动，与此同时，镜头壳2也随转动架1在水平平面转动。
同理，由于镜头壳转轴20a与转动架1固定连接，镜头壳驱动电机4与镜头壳2固定连接，镜头壳转轴6a和镜头壳2通过轴承转动连接，而镜头壳转轴6a和镜头壳驱动电机4的电枢轴通过同步带传动机构传动连接。
因此，当启动镜头壳驱动电机4后，镜头壳驱动电机4将带动镜头壳2 相对于转动架1绕支架转轴6a在竖直平面内转动。
可以理解，同步带减速机构结构紧凑、传动平稳。当然，在满足减速功能及装配工艺要求的基础上，镜头壳减速机构和水平减机构亦可为齿轮减速机构、链轮减速机构等本领域惯用的其他减速机构。
可以理解，除了镜头壳驱动电机4外，摄像机的镜头和镜头电路板80等功能元件也同样地固定安装于镜头壳2内，且，镜头和镜头电路板80均需要一定等级的防水要求。因此，如何简单快捷地组装镜头壳2、镜头壳驱动电机4、镜头和镜头电路板80等元件，同时还使摄像机具备防水性能成为本领域技术人员亟需解决的技术问题。
为此，本具体实施例中镜头壳2由多个组件密封拼装而成。
详细地，镜头壳2包括第一壳体20、第二壳体(图中未示出)和壳端盖21；其中，第一壳体20和第二壳体两者密封拼装为具有一敞口端的壳体，壳端盖21与第一壳体20和第二壳体均密封连接并罩盖敞口端。
优选地，本具体实施例中壳端盖21和该球壳通过U型密封圈和螺钉密封连接，且，壳端盖21开设有与U型密封圈相配合的密封槽。
更为详细地，为了简化镜头壳2与转动架1之间的转动连接，本具体实施例进一步地限定了第一壳体20和第二壳体两者的具体地结构。
具体地，在垂直于转动架1与镜头壳2的转动轴线平面内，第一壳体20的圆心角大于第二壳体的圆心角，且，第一壳体20的外表面设置有所述镜头壳转轴20a，壳端盖21开设有所述镜头壳轴承孔21a。
装配时，先将壳端盖21和左支架6通过轴承和密封圈转动密封连接；然后，再将壳端盖21和左支架6的装配体整体安装于第一壳体20和第二壳体拼装结构，装配过程简单快捷。
进一步地，继续参见图1所示，右支架7包括罩壳部70、支撑部71和轴承端盖72；其中，转动架1与罩壳部70和转动架转轴3两者均密封连接形成密闭腔体，罩壳部70具有与镜头壳2同心设置的球壳部70a，且，球壳部70a具有与镜头壳电机容置区域20b匹配的支架电机容置区域70b，转动架驱动电机5位于密封腔体内并放置于支架电机容置区域70b处；支撑部71具有支架轴承孔7a，支架轴承孔7a和镜头壳竖直转轴20a的配合面之间压装有密封圈， 轴承端盖72与支撑部71密封连接并罩盖支架轴承孔7a，右支架7与罩壳部70密封连接。为了便于更好地理解右支架的具体结构，请一并参见图4，该图为右支架的立体结构示意图。
装配时，先将右支架7与镜头壳2通过轴承和密封圈转动密封连接；然后，再将轴承端盖72通过密封圈和螺栓组件固定连接于支撑部71并罩盖支架轴承孔7a；最后，再将右支架7密封固定安装于转动架1。
可以想见，这种摄像机的镜头壳2、左支架6、右支架7、转动架1和转动架转轴3彼此密封连接形成两个密闭腔体，这两个密闭腔体中一者用于封装转动架驱动电机5和电机驱动板81，另一者用于封装镜头、镜头电路板80和镜头壳驱动电机4等元件，从而使摄像机具备防水性能，以便适用于无防水装置室外的监控需求。
需要说明的是，该摄像机各组件间均通过密封圈密封连接。
详细地，壳端盖21、第一壳体20和第二壳体的配合面之间压装有U型密封圈90；同样，轴承端盖72和支撑部71两者的配合面之间以及转动架1和罩壳部70两者的配合面之间均压装有U型密封圈90。而，支架竖直转轴6a与镜头壳轴承21a、镜头壳竖直转轴20a与支架轴承孔7a以及转动架转轴3与转动架1的配合面之间均压装有方形密封圈91。
此外，壳端盖21、第一壳体20和第二壳体三者，轴承端盖72和支撑部71两者以及转动架1和罩壳部70两者之间均为静密封连接，而，支架竖直转轴6a与镜头壳轴承21a、镜头壳竖直转轴20a与支架轴承孔7a以及转动架转轴3与转动架1的配合面之间均为转动密封连接，因此，在满足各自密封功能要求基础上，本领域技术人员可根据实际需要选择适宜的密封结构。
进一步地，如图1所示，摄像机还包括镜头电路板80、主电路板(图中未示出)、电机驱动板81、电力线82和信号线83；其中，镜头电路板80设置于镜头壳2内，主电路板设置于安装座内，电机驱动板81设置于密闭腔体内。镜头壳2开设有电力线孔和信号线孔，电力线82通过电力线孔穿入到镜头壳2内部，信号线83通过信号线孔穿入到镜头壳2内部，电力线孔和信号线孔分设于镜头壳2的相对两侧。
详细地，镜头壳竖直转轴20a、支撑部71和罩壳部70均开设有依次连通 的电力线孔82a，电力线82内置于电力线孔82a并用于连接镜头壳驱动电机4和电机驱动板81。
支架竖直转轴6a、左支架6、罩盖部70和转动架转轴3均开设有依次连通的信号线孔83a，信号线83内置于信号线孔83a并用于连接镜头电路板80和主电路板。
电力线82和信号线83贯穿镜头壳2并分设于镜头壳2两侧，可避免电力线82和信号线83两者之间相互信号干扰。
为了简化左支架6的加工及装配工艺，本具体实施例中左支架6为拼装结构。
更为详细地，结合图2和3可知，左支架6包括相交设置的两段信号线孔83a，两段所述信号线孔83a中一者为与支架竖直转轴6a的信号线孔83a连通的通孔，另一者与该通孔和罩壳部70的信号线孔83a连通，左支架6与堵头6b螺纹连接，以封堵通孔的外端口。
当然，在满足电力线和信号线分设于镜头壳两相对侧功能时，左支架6开设的亦可为电力线孔，故左支架6开设的信号线孔亦可为线束孔。也就是说，电力线孔和信号线孔位置对调。
此外，继续参见图1所示，为了进一步地缩小摄像机在竖直平面内的尺寸，镜头和镜头壳驱动电机4沿垂直于镜头壳2转动轴线的方向顺次设置。
最后，需要说明的是，该摄像机为球形摄像机，其镜头壳2的外表面部分区域为球形弧面。
该摄像机还包括固定于所述转动架1的两个球面外罩，两个球面外罩和镜头壳2的球形弧面平滑过渡形成球形。
如此，镜头壳2转动过程中从外部无法判断镜头的具体位置，从而降低了摄像机的指向性，提高了其监控隐蔽性。
以上所述仅为本申请的优选实施例而已，并不用于限制本申请，对于本领域的技术人员来说，本申请可以有各种更改和变化。凡在本申请的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本申请的保护范围之内。

Claims (16)

  1. 一种摄像机，包括转动安装在安装座上的转动架(1)，所述转动架(1)上设置有可相对所述转动架(1)转动的镜头壳(2)，所述镜头壳(2)内设有随所述镜头壳(2)一起转动的镜头，其特征在于，还包括驱动所述镜头壳(2)相对于所述转动架(1)转动的镜头壳驱动电机(4)，所述镜头壳驱动电机(4)安装于所述镜头壳(2)内，且所述镜头壳驱动电机(4)随所述镜头壳(2)一起转动。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的摄像机，其特征在于，还包括驱动所述转动架(1)相对安装座转动的转动架驱动电机(5)，所述转动架驱动电机(5)位于所述转动架(1)和所述镜头壳(2)之间。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的摄像机，其特征在于，所述镜头壳(2)上与所述转动架驱动电机(5)相对应的位置设有内凹的电机容置区域(20a)，所述转动架驱动电机(5)位于所述电机容置区域(20a)处。
  4. 根据权利要求1-3中任意一项所述的摄像机，其特征在于，所述摄像机为球形摄像机，所述镜头壳(2)的外表面部分区域为球形弧面。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的摄像机，其特征在于，还包括固定于所述转动架(1)的两个球面外罩，两个所述球面外罩和所述镜头壳(2)的球形弧面平滑过渡形成球形。
  6. 根据权利要求1-3中任一项所述的摄像机，其特征在于，所述转动架(1)上设有向垂直于其转动方向延伸的两个支架，所述镜头壳(2)通过转轴安装在所述两个所述支架之间，所述镜头壳驱动电机(4)驱动所述镜头壳(2)绕所述转轴转动。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的摄像机，其特征在于，两个所述支架中一者具有支架转轴(6a)，另一者具有支架轴承孔(7a)，所述镜头壳(2)具有镜头壳转轴(20a)和镜头壳轴承孔(21a)，所述支架转轴(6a)通过所述镜头壳轴承孔(21a)与所述镜头壳(2)转动连接，所述镜头壳转轴(20a)通过所述支架轴承孔(7a)与所述镜头壳(2)转动连接。
  8. 根据权利要求6所述的摄像机，其特征在于，所述支架包括罩壳部(70)和支撑部(71)；所述转动架(1)与所述罩壳部(70)密封连接形成密闭腔 体，所述转动架驱动电机(5)位于所述密闭腔体内，所述镜头壳(2)通过所述转轴安装在所述支撑部(71)。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的摄像机，其特征在于，所述支架还包括轴承端盖(72)，所述支撑部(71)具有所述支架轴承孔(7a)，所述转轴固设于所述镜头壳并通过所述支架轴承孔(7a)与所述支架转动连接，所述轴承端盖(72)与所述支撑部(71)连接并罩盖所述支架轴承孔(7a)。
  10. 根据权利要求6所述的摄像机，其特征在于，所述镜头壳(2)为密封镜头壳，且，所述镜头壳(2)与两个所述支架均转动密封连接。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的摄像机，其特征在于，所述镜头壳(2)包括第一壳体(20)、第二壳体和壳端盖(21)；
    所述第一壳体(20)和所述第二壳体两者密封拼装为具有一敞口端的壳体，所述壳端盖(21)与所述第一壳体(20)和所述第二壳体两者密封固定连接且罩盖所述敞口端。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的摄像机，其特征在于，垂直于所述转轴的截面内，所述第一壳体(20)的圆心角大于所述第二壳体的圆心角，所述转轴(20a)设置于所述第一壳体(20)。
  13. 根据权利要求6所述的摄像机，其特征在于，所述支架包括相交设置的两段线束孔，两段所述线束孔中一者为与所述镜头壳(2)连通的通孔，另一者与所述通孔连通并延伸至贯穿所述支架的端面，所述支架与堵头(6b)螺纹连接，以封堵所述通孔的外端口，所述线束孔为电力线孔或信号线孔。
  14. 根据权利要求1-3中任一项所述的摄像机，其特征在于，包括电力线(82)和信号线(83)，所述镜头壳(2)开设有电力线孔和信号线孔，所述电力线(82)通过所述电力线孔穿入到所述镜头壳(2)内部，所述信号线(83)通过所述信号线孔穿入到所述镜头壳内部，所述电力线孔和所述信号线孔分设于所述镜头壳(2)的相对两侧。
  15. 如权利要求1至3任一项所述的摄像机，其特征在于，还包括镜头壳减速机构和转动架减速机构，所述镜头壳驱动电机(4)通过所述镜头壳减速机构驱动所述镜头壳(6a)转动，所述转动架驱动电机(5)通过所述转动架减速机构驱动所述转动架(3)转动；所述镜头壳减速机构和所述转动架减 速机构至少一者为同步带减速机构。
  16. 根据权利要求1至3任一项所述的摄像机，其特征在于，所述摄像机包括镜头，所述镜头固定安装于所述镜头壳(2)，所述镜头和所述镜头壳驱动电机(4)沿垂直于所述镜头壳转动轴线的方向顺次设置。
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