WO2018072562A1 - 一种双叠自锁垫圈 - Google Patents

一种双叠自锁垫圈 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018072562A1
WO2018072562A1 PCT/CN2017/099567 CN2017099567W WO2018072562A1 WO 2018072562 A1 WO2018072562 A1 WO 2018072562A1 CN 2017099567 W CN2017099567 W CN 2017099567W WO 2018072562 A1 WO2018072562 A1 WO 2018072562A1
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sub
washer
arc
double
curved
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PCT/CN2017/099567
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English (en)
French (fr)
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刘琰嵬
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广州市施达升设备制造股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2018072562A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018072562A1/zh

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B39/00—Locking of screws, bolts or nuts
    • F16B39/22—Locking of screws, bolts or nuts in which the locking takes place during screwing down or tightening
    • F16B39/24—Locking of screws, bolts or nuts in which the locking takes place during screwing down or tightening by means of washers, spring washers, or resilient plates that lock against the object
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B43/00—Washers or equivalent devices; Other devices for supporting bolt-heads or nuts
    • F16B43/02—Washers or equivalent devices; Other devices for supporting bolt-heads or nuts with special provisions for engaging surfaces which are not perpendicular to a bolt axis or do not surround the bolt

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  • the present invention relates to a fastening component, and more particularly to a double stack self-locking gasket capable of improving the bite force when fastening a plurality of materials.
  • the double-stack self-locking washer in the prior art is generally composed of two intermeshing sub-gaskets, the one side of the two sub-gaskets contacting each other is a wedge-shaped large-tooth end surface with a small distribution density, and the two sub-gaskets are respectively distributed toward the outer side.
  • the small tooth end face with a large density, the small tooth end face is generally a radial straight tooth structure.
  • the threaded sub-type fasteners are generally composed of bolts, nuts and double-stack self-locking washers to connect the workpieces together.
  • the bolt heads pass through the double-stack self-locking washers and are placed into the parts to be connected with through holes or threaded holes.
  • the other side is tightened with a nut.
  • the upper small tooth end surface of the double stack self-locking washer is in contact with the bolt head, and the lower small tooth end surface is in contact with the surface of the member to be connected.
  • the small tooth end faces at both ends are pressed into the bolt head and the connecting member surface which are in contact with the small tooth end face, respectively, and the large tooth end face is kept in close meshing state.
  • the small tooth end faces of the double stack self-locking washer are respectively engaged with the respective contact faces, and the bit washers after the biting follow the bolt head.
  • the straight-toothed double-stack self-locking washer has obvious anti-loose effect compared with other anti-loose washers, its adaptable surface is narrow, and it generally performs well on the surface of aluminum alloy, but the anti-loosening effect on other materials is unstable, for example 45 #Steel surface anti-loose effect is still not ideal, its small tooth end face is easy to slip between the workpiece contact surface.
  • the present invention provides a double-stack self-locking washer comprising two intermeshing sub-washers, one side of which is provided with a wedge-shaped large tooth centered at a center, and the other side is provided with a center of the center Radial curved teeth, each of the curved teeth being curved excessively from an inner ring edge to an outer ring edge of the sub-washer
  • the two sub-gaskets are intermeshing by a wedge-shaped large tooth end face.
  • the radial cross section of the curved tooth is an arc-shaped sharp angle formed by a vertical side perpendicular to the sub-washer and an arc-shaped side connecting the top end of the vertical side and the sub-washer.
  • the curved teeth have a tooth depth of 0.3 to 0.35 mm and a tooth width of 0.3 to 0.5 mm, and the curved teeth are evenly distributed on the surface of the sub-washer.
  • the curved tooth when the specification of the sub-washer is less than M8, the curved tooth is a single arc, and when the specification of the sub-washer is between M8 and M60, the curved tooth is a double arc with a smooth connection. When the specification of the sub-washer is greater than M60, the curved teeth are three arcs of smooth connection.
  • the curved teeth on the sub-washer are double-arc and the arc-shaped transition between the two arcs.
  • a center of each of the double arcs falls on a radius where an adjacent equal angle is located, and one end of the double arc-shaped outer arc is located on an outer diameter of the sub-washer, and the inner circle One end of the arc is located on the inner diameter of the sub-washer, and the other ends of the arc are respectively located at equal radii of the outer diameter of the sub-washer.
  • the adjacent bisector angle ⁇ 2 ⁇ /Z.
  • the surface of the sub-washer is plated with a zinc-chromium coating.
  • wedge teeth and the curved teeth on both end faces of the sub-washer are formed by punching.
  • the two sub-gaskets are bonded together by glue applied to the end faces of the wedge-shaped large teeth.
  • the double-stack self-locking gasket of the invention has the advantages of good bite stability, wide application range and strong locking ability, and is suitable for domestic and international rail transit, petroleum and petrochemical, electric power, military, electromechanical, shipbuilding, aerospace and other fields.
  • FIG. 1 is a front elevational view of a small toothed end of a double stack self-locking gasket in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a curved tooth in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing the structure of a curved tooth using a double arc according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 4 is an enlarged schematic view of the double arc shown in Figure 3.
  • a double stack self-locking gasket 100 generally includes two intermeshing sub-gaskets 10, one side of which is respectively provided with wedge-shaped teeth with a center point as a center. Radial curved teeth 12 with a center point as a center point are respectively disposed on the other side, and each of the curved teeth 12 is The inner ring edge 14 to the outer ring edge 13 of the sub-gasket 10 are arcuate transitions.
  • the two sub-gaskets 10 are engaged with each other through the wedge-shaped large tooth end faces, and the two sub-gaskets 10 after engagement are passed through the gluing surface coated on the large tooth surface. put them together.
  • the small tooth end surface 11 of the sub-washer 10 in contact with the surface of the workpiece is optimized from the existing radial spur tooth structure to an arc tooth shape, which greatly increases the area of the engagement with the surface of the workpiece, and at the same time the curved tooth 12
  • the curved tooth 12 can decompose the normal force of the original straight tooth into the radial force of the curved surface and the tangential force dispersed along the curved structure, thereby improving the normal bearing capacity and enhancing the The small tooth end face 11 is engaged with the locking ability.
  • the double-stack self-locking gasket 100 of the embodiment has the advantages of good occlusion stability, wide application range and strong locking ability, and is suitable for domestic and international rail transit, petroleum and petrochemical, electric power, military, electromechanical, marine, aerospace and other fields.
  • the radial section of the specific curved tooth 12 may be: a vertical edge 123 perpendicular to the sub-washer 10 and an arc connecting the top end of the vertical side to the sub-washer 10.
  • the curved teeth 12 of the sub-washer 10 have the same arc direction.
  • the curved sides 124 are the contact faces, and the sharp corners can form a squeeze into the surface of the workpiece under pressure. The greater the force, the tighter the force is, the tighter the angle between the sharp corner and the surface of the workpiece.
  • a zinc chrome coating (Dakro treatment) may be applied to the surface of the sub-washer 10.
  • the specific curved teeth 12 may have a tooth depth of 0.3 to 0.35 mm and a tooth width of 0.3 to 0.5 mm, and the curved teeth 12 are evenly distributed on the surface of the sub-washer 10. As the size of the sub-washer 10 increases, the above parameters gradually become larger.
  • the curved tooth 12 may be composed of a plurality of consecutive arcs, and the number of specific arcs may be determined according to the size of the sub-washer 10.
  • a single arc can be used; in the sub-gasket 10 of the specification M8 to M60, a continuous double arc can be used; in the sub-gasket 10 of the specification M60 or more, a continuous three can be used.
  • the structure of the plurality of circular arcs can better distribute the curved teeth 12, and the number of the specific curved teeth 12 can be determined by the maximum capacity of the machining process.
  • the wedge teeth and the curved teeth on both end faces of the sub-washer 10 can be formed by punching.
  • the number of arcs on the curved tooth 12 is preferably two, and the arc lengths of the two arcs are the same, and the connection point is an arc transition.
  • the center of each of the double arcs falls at a radius r adjacent to the bisector angle 20
  • the upper end of the double-arc-shaped outer arc 121 is located on the outer diameter 13 of the sub-washer 10
  • one end of the inner arc 122 is located on the inner diameter 14 of the sub-washer 10, and the other ends of the two are respectively placed inside and outside the sub-washer 10.
  • the radius is equally divided.
  • the outer end of the outer arc 121 is located at the outer diameter A, the inner end is located at the inner and outer diameters of the equal radius C, the outer end of the inner arc 122 is located at the inner diameter B, and the inner end is located at the inner and outer diameters of the radius C.
  • the inner circular arc 122 and the outer circular arc 121 are excessively connected by an arc.
  • the centers of the two are located at r 1 and r 2 of the radius r of the adjacent equal angle a.
  • the adjacent bisector angle ⁇ 2 ⁇ /Z.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Gasket Seals (AREA)

Abstract

一种双叠自锁垫圈，包括两个相互啮合的子垫圈，子垫圈的一面设置有以圆心为中点的楔形大齿，在另一面设置以圆心为中点的放射状弧形齿，每个弧形齿由子垫圈的内环边至外环边为弧形过度，两个子垫圈通过楔形大齿端面相互啮合。该双叠自锁垫圈具有咬合稳定性好，适用范围广，锁紧能力强的优点。

Description

一种双叠自锁垫圈 技术领域
本发明涉及一种紧固部件，特别是涉及一种能够在对多种材质进行紧固时提高咬合力的双叠自锁垫圈。
背景技术
现有技术中的双叠自锁垫圈一般是由两个相互啮合的子垫圈组成，两个子垫圈相互接触的一面为分布密度较小的楔形大齿端面，两个子垫圈朝外的一面分别为分布密度较大的小齿端面，小齿端面一般都是放射状的直齿结构。
安装时，一般由螺栓、螺母及双叠自锁垫圈组成螺纹副型紧固件将工件连接在一起，螺栓头穿过双叠自锁垫圈后放入带有通孔或螺纹孔的待连接件中，另一侧用螺母旋紧。此时双叠自锁垫圈的上小齿端面与螺栓头接触，下小齿端面与待连接件表面接触。当螺栓头被旋紧或螺栓和螺母旋紧时，两端的小齿端面分别被压进与小齿端面接触的螺栓头和连接件表面，大齿端面保持紧密啮合状态。当螺栓头在强烈振动的环境中逐渐松动，或者螺栓螺母之间产生松动趋势时，此时双叠自锁垫圈的小齿端面分别与各自接触面咬合，咬合后的子垫圈会随着螺栓头或螺母松开的方向发生位移，从而带动双叠自锁垫圈内侧的大齿端面齿牙相对挫动抬升，引起的抬升张力在螺栓连接处可产生较高的抵抗力以消除振动力，从而达到优良的防松效果。
虽然直齿形双叠自锁垫圈相较于其他防松垫圈防松效果明显，但其适应面较窄，一般在铝合金表面表现优异，但是在其他材质表面防松效果表现不稳定，例如45#钢表面防松效果仍不理想，其小齿端面易与工件接触表面间发生滑移。
发明内容
本发明的目的是要提供一种能够在对多种材质进行紧固时提高咬合力的双叠自锁垫圈。
特别地，本发明提供一种双叠自锁垫圈，包括两个相互啮合的子垫圈，所述子垫圈的一面设置有以圆心为中点的楔形大齿，在另一面设置以圆心为中点的放射状弧形齿，每个所述弧形齿由所述子垫圈的内环边至外环边为弧形过度， 两个所述子垫圈通过楔形大齿端面相互啮合。
进一步地，所述弧形齿的径向截面为：由垂直于所述子垫圈的垂直边和连接所述垂直边顶端与子垫圈的弧形边构成的弧形尖角。
进一步地，所述弧形齿的齿深为0.3～0.35毫米，齿宽为0.3～0.5毫米，所述弧形齿在所述子垫圈的表面均匀分布。
进一步地，所述子垫圈的规格小于M8时，所述弧形齿为单圆弧，所述子垫圈的规格在M8～M60之间时，所述弧形齿为平滑连接的双圆弧，所述子垫圈的规格大于M60时，所述弧形齿为平滑连接的三圆弧。
进一步地，所述子垫圈上的所述弧形齿为双弧形，且两个弧形之间为弧形过渡。
进一步地，所述双弧形中每一个弧形的圆心均落在相邻等分角度所在的半径上，所述双弧形中外圆弧的一端位于所述子垫圈的外径上，内圆弧的一端位于所述子垫圈的内径上，两者的另一端分别落在所述子垫圈内外径等分半径处。
进一步地，确定所述子垫圈上的弧形齿数量Z后，所述相邻等分角度α＝2π/Z。
进一步地，所述子垫圈的表面镀有锌铬涂层。
进一步地，所述子垫圈两端面的楔形齿和弧形齿为冲压形成。
进一步地，两个所述子垫圈通过涂在楔形大齿端面上的胶粘合在一起。
本发明的双叠自锁垫圈具有咬合稳定性好，适用范围广，锁紧能力强的优点，适用于国内外轨道交通、石油石化、电力、军工、机电、船舶、航空航天等领域。
附图说明
图1是根据本发明一个实施例的双叠自锁垫圈的小齿端正面视图；
图2是根据本发明一个实施例中弧形齿的截面示意图；
图3是根据本发明一个实施例的弧形齿采用双弧形的结构示意图；
图4是图3所示双弧形的放大示意图。
具体实施方式
如图1所示，本发明一个实施例的双叠自锁垫圈100一般性地包括两个相互啮合的子垫圈10，两个子垫圈10的一面分别设置有以圆心为中点的楔形大齿，在另一面分别设置有以圆心为中点的放射状弧形齿12，每个弧形齿12由 子垫圈10的内环边14至外环边13为弧形过渡，使用时，两个子垫圈10通过楔形大齿端面相互啮合，啮合后的两个子垫圈10通过涂在大齿面上的胶粘合在一起。
本实施例中，子垫圈10与工件表面接触的小齿端面11由现有的放射状直齿齿形结构优化为弧齿形，大大增加了与工件表面咬合接触的面积，同时弧形齿12的几何结构咬紧工件时，弧形齿12可将原来直齿承受的法向力分解为弧形面的径向力和沿弧形结构分散的切向力，提高了法向承受能力，增强了小齿端面11咬合防松能力。本实施例的双叠自锁垫圈100具有咬合稳定性好，适用范围广，锁紧能力强的优点，适用于国内外轨道交通、石油石化、电力、军工、机电、船舶、航空航天等领域。
如图2所示，在本发明的一个实施例中，具体的弧形齿12的径向截面可以是：由垂直于子垫圈10的垂直边123和连接垂直边顶端与子垫圈10的弧形边124构成的弧形尖角。子垫圈10上各弧形齿12的弧形方向相同，当弧形齿12与工件表面接触时，以其弧形边124为接触面，同时尖角能够在压力下形成一个插入工件表面的挤压力，受力越大其尖角与工件表面的咬合越紧。为提高合金钢子垫圈10表面的硬度，可以在子垫圈10的表面镀锌铬涂层(达克罗处理)。
具体的弧形齿12的齿深可以为0.3～0.35毫米，齿宽可以为0.3～0.5毫米，弧形齿12在子垫圈10的表面均匀分布。随着子垫圈10的尺寸增大，上述参数逐渐变大。
进一步地，在本发明的一个实施例中，该弧形齿12可以由多个连续的圆弧构成，具体的圆弧个数可以根据子垫圈10的尺寸确定。如：在规格M8以下的子垫圈10中，可以采用单圆弧；在规格M8～M60的子垫圈10上可以采用连续的双圆弧；在规格M60以上的子垫圈10中可以采用连续的三圆弧。采用多个圆弧的结构，能够更好的分布弧形齿12，具体弧形齿12的数量可以由加工工艺的最大能力决定。本实施例中，子垫圈10两端面的楔形齿和弧形齿可以采用冲压方式制作。
如图3所示，进一步地，在本发明的一个实施例中，该弧形齿12上的圆弧数量优选为两个，且两个弧形的弧长相同，连接点为弧形过渡。
如图4所示，在本发明的一个进一步实施例中，采用双弧形的弧形齿12中，双弧形中每一个弧形的圆心均落在相邻等分角度20所在的半径r上，其中，双弧形中外圆弧121的一端位于子垫圈10的外径13上，内圆弧122的一 端位于子垫圈10的内径14上，两者的另一端分别落在子垫圈10内外径等分半径处。具体地，外圆弧121的外端位于外径A处，内端位于内外径等分半径C处，内圆弧122的外端位于内径B处，内端位于内外径等分半径C处，内圆弧122和外圆弧121采用弧形过度连接。而两者的圆心都位于相邻等分角度a的半径r的r1点和r2点上。在已知加工齿数Z时，该相邻等分角度α＝2π/Z。
至此，本领域技术人员应认识到，虽然本文已详尽示出和描述了本发明的多个示例性实施例，但是，在不脱离本发明精神和范围的情况下，仍可根据本发明公开的内容直接确定或推导出符合本发明原理的许多其他变型或修改。因此，本发明的范围应被理解和认定为覆盖了所有这些其他变型或修改。

Claims (7)

  1. 一种双叠自锁垫圈，其特征在于，包括两个相互啮合的子垫圈，所述子垫圈的一面设置有以圆心为中点的楔形大齿，在另一面设置以圆心为中点的放射状弧形齿，每个所述弧形齿由所述子垫圈的内环边至外环边为弧形过度，两个所述子垫圈通过楔形大齿端面相互啮合；
    所述弧形齿的径向截面为：由垂直于所述子垫圈的垂直边和连接所述垂直边顶端与子垫圈的弧形边构成的弧形尖角；
    所述子垫圈上的所述弧形齿为双弧形，且两个弧形之间为弧形过渡；
    所述双弧形中每一个弧形的圆心均落在相邻等分角度所在的半径上，所述双弧形中外圆弧的一端位于所述子垫圈的外径上，内圆弧的一端位于所述子垫圈的内径上，两者的另一端分别落在所述子垫圈内外径等分半径处；
    双弧形中每一个弧形的圆心均落在相邻等分角度所在的半径r上，其中，双弧形中外圆弧的一端位于子垫圈的外径上，内圆弧的一端位于子垫圈的内径上，两者的另一端分别落在子垫圈内外径等分半径处。具体地，外圆弧的外端位于外径A处，内端位于内外径等分半径C处，内圆弧的外端位于内径B处，内端位于内外径等分半径C处，内圆弧和外圆弧采用弧形过度连接。而两者的圆心都位于相邻等分角度a的半径r的r1点和r2点上。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的双叠自锁垫圈，其特征在于，
    所述弧形齿的齿深为0.3～0.35毫米，齿宽为0.3～0.5毫米，所述弧形齿在所述子垫圈的表面均匀分布。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的双叠自锁垫圈，其特征在于，
    所述子垫圈的规格小于M8时，所述弧形齿为单圆弧，所述子垫圈的规格在M8～M60之间时，所述弧形齿为平滑连接的双圆弧，所述子垫圈的规格大于M60时，所述弧形齿为平滑连接的三圆弧。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的双叠自锁垫圈，其特征在于，
    确定所述子垫圈上的弧形齿数量Z后，所述相邻等分角度α＝2π/Z。
  5. 根据权利要求1-4任一项所述的双叠自锁垫圈，其特征在于，
    所述子垫圈的表面镀有锌铬涂层。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的双叠自锁垫圈，其特征在于，
    所述子垫圈两端面的楔形齿和弧形齿为冲压形成。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的双叠自锁垫圈，其特征在于，
    两个所述子垫圈通过涂在楔形大齿端面上的胶粘合在一起。
PCT/CN2017/099567 2016-10-21 2017-08-30 一种双叠自锁垫圈 WO2018072562A1 (zh)

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CN114263673A (zh) * 2021-11-19 2022-04-01 济南中船设备有限公司 防螺栓跟转齿形垫片及高强度螺栓连接副

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CN107477072A (zh) * 2017-09-13 2017-12-15 东莞市史特牢金属制品有限公司 一种双叠自锁垫圈及其紧固件装置

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EP3708856A1 (en) * 2019-03-13 2020-09-16 Growermetal S.r.l. Safety washer for improved control of bolt tension and high antiloosening effect
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CN114263673A (zh) * 2021-11-19 2022-04-01 济南中船设备有限公司 防螺栓跟转齿形垫片及高强度螺栓连接副
CN114263673B (zh) * 2021-11-19 2024-05-28 济南中船设备有限公司 防螺栓跟转齿形垫片及高强度螺栓连接副

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