WO2018070459A1 - Plant growth promoter and plant cultivation method - Google Patents

Plant growth promoter and plant cultivation method Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018070459A1
WO2018070459A1 PCT/JP2017/036924 JP2017036924W WO2018070459A1 WO 2018070459 A1 WO2018070459 A1 WO 2018070459A1 JP 2017036924 W JP2017036924 W JP 2017036924W WO 2018070459 A1 WO2018070459 A1 WO 2018070459A1
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Prior art keywords
plant
phosphorylated oligosaccharide
plant growth
polyvalent metal
growth promoter
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PCT/JP2017/036924
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French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
稿太郎 石川
卓朗 柏村
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王子ホールディングス株式会社
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Priority to JP2018545041A priority Critical patent/JPWO2018070459A1/en
Publication of WO2018070459A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018070459A1/en

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G7/00—Botany in general
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N57/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic phosphorus compounds
    • A01N57/10—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic phosphorus compounds having phosphorus-to-oxygen bonds or phosphorus-to-sulfur bonds
    • A01N57/16—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic phosphorus compounds having phosphorus-to-oxygen bonds or phosphorus-to-sulfur bonds containing heterocyclic radicals
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N59/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing elements or inorganic compounds
    • A01N59/06—Aluminium; Calcium; Magnesium; Compounds thereof

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a novel plant growth promoter and a plant cultivation method using the same.
  • animal manure ash such as chicken manure ash has been used as a fertilizer raw material because it contains components such as phosphorus and potassium.
  • fertilizer raw materials chemical fertilizers obtained by reacting plant ash with phosphoric acid and chemical fertilizers obtained by reacting chicken manure combustion ash with phosphoric acid are also used.
  • phosphorylated oligosaccharide calcium salt is a compound known as a phosphorylated saccharide derived from potato.
  • Phosphorylated oligosaccharide calcium salt is sold as a food material, and is also added to food and drink (for example, Patent Document 1).
  • Phosphorylated oligosaccharide calcium salt is known as a calcium reinforcing agent to promote the absorption of calcium into the living body and to promote the remineralization of teeth.
  • adding a phosphorylated oligosaccharide calcium salt to a bean sprouts or mushroom cultivation solution has also been studied to improve the texture of bean sprouts or to increase the mineral components of mushrooms (Patent Document 2). And 3).
  • the inventors of the present invention have studied for the purpose of providing a highly safe plant growth promoter and a plant cultivation method that can promote plant growth.
  • the present inventors have found that the phosphorylated oligosaccharide polyvalent metal salt mainly known as a food material can promote the growth of plants.
  • the headline and the present invention were completed. Specifically, the present invention provides the following [1] to [13].
  • a plant growth promoter comprising a phosphorylated oligosaccharide polyvalent metal salt as an active ingredient.
  • [5] The plant growth promoter according to any one of [1] to [3], which is an agent for improving and / or preventing rot rot.
  • [6] A composition for plant cultivation containing the plant growth promoter according to any one of [1] to [5].
  • [7] A plant cultivation method comprising spraying a phosphorylated oligosaccharide polyvalent metal salt on a plant.
  • [8] The plant cultivation method according to [7], wherein the phosphorylated oligosaccharide polyvalent metal salt is a phosphorylated oligosaccharide calcium salt.
  • [9] The plant cultivation method according to [7] or [8], wherein the phosphorylated oligosaccharide polyvalent metal salt is sprayed on the leaves of the plant.
  • Use of phosphorylated oligosaccharide polyvalent metal salts for regulating plant growth comprising applying a plant growth promoting effective amount of a phosphorylated oligosaccharide polyvalent metal salt to a plant; and
  • the present invention provides a plant growth promoter comprising a phosphorylated oligosaccharide polyvalent metal salt as an active ingredient. Phosphorylated oligosaccharide polyvalent metal salts are also used as food materials. Therefore, the plant growth promoter of the present invention has high safety.
  • the present invention also provides a method for cultivating plants using phosphorylated oligosaccharide polyvalent metal salts. Plant growth can be promoted by the cultivation method of the present invention. Moreover, since the phosphorylated oligosaccharide polyvalent metal salt is a food material, the safety when used as a spraying agent or fertilizer in the plant cultivation process is extremely high.
  • FIG. 1 is a graph showing the buttocks decay rate of each individual in Examples 1 to 3, Comparative Example 1 and Reference Example 1. It is a graph which shows the average mass per fruit in Example 1, Comparative Example 1, and Reference Example 1. It is a graph which shows the average yield increase per seedling in Example 1, Comparative Example 1, and Reference Example 1.
  • Plant growth promoter contains a phosphorylated oligosaccharide polyvalent metal salt as an active ingredient.
  • plant growth promotion includes plant growth promotion (increase in plant height and mass), fruit set improvement (increase fruit rate), fruit mass increase, germination promotion, rooting. It includes the meaning of promotion, etc., and further includes the meaning of increased yield as a crop.
  • Plant growth promotion may be achieved by promoting plant growth by adding nutrient components or promoting absorption of nutrient components, and is achieved by controlling diseases that inhibit plant growth. There may be. That is, the plant growth promoter may be an agent for improving and / or preventing a disease affecting plant growth.
  • plant growth promotion can also be referred to as “plant growth regulation”. That is, the plant growth promoter may be a plant growth regulator.
  • “include as an active ingredient” means that it is contained as a main active ingredient, and means that it is contained to such an extent that an effect is exhibited.
  • “improvement and / or prevention” means “improvement”, “prevention”, or “improvement and prevention”.
  • the “improving and / or preventing agent” may function only as an improving agent, may function only as a preventing agent, or may have a function as an improving agent and a preventing agent at the same time.
  • “improvement of plant rot disease” means reduction and alleviation of symptoms exhibited by a plant with rot rot, for example, by using the plant growth promoter of the present invention, the end is recessed.
  • prevention of plant rot disease means to prevent the occurrence of symptoms exhibited by plants with rot disease.
  • Phosphorylated oligosaccharide polyvalent metal salt is a raw material used in foods and is sold as a food material.
  • a very safe plant growth promoter can be provided by using a phosphorylated oligosaccharide polyvalent metal salt that can also be used as food.
  • the plant growth promoter of the present invention can be used in the cultivation of plants such as agricultural crops and flowers.
  • the plant growth promoter of the present invention is preferably used for crop cultivation, and more preferably used for fruit plant cultivation.
  • the fruit plant is preferably a solanaceous plant, more preferably a genus of eggplant or capsicum, and examples thereof include eggplant genus tomato, eggplant, capsicum pepper and paprika.
  • bottom rot is known as a disease that inhibits the growth of plants, particularly crops such as solanaceous fruits.
  • hip rot a phenomenon that inhibits the growth of plants, particularly crops such as solanaceous fruits.
  • hip rot a phenomenon that inhibits the growth of plants, particularly crops such as solanaceous fruits.
  • the plant growth promoter of the present invention can suppress the occurrence of the above-mentioned “butt rot”.
  • the plant growth promoter of the present invention can be used as an agent for improving and / or preventing rot rot.
  • it has been conventionally practiced to spray chemicals such as calcium agents or supplement fertilizers containing calcium in the cultivation process.
  • conventionally used drugs and fertilizers are not sold as food materials, and thus there remains a problem with the safety of cultivated fruits.
  • the plant growth promoter of the present invention has high safety, it can be used as a spraying agent that may adhere to fruits and the like as described later. Further, the plant growth promoter of the present invention has high solubility in water, is rapidly decomposed by microorganisms in the soil, and does not contain nitrate nitrogen.
  • the plant growth promoter of the present invention When using the plant growth promoter of the present invention in the process of cultivating tomatoes, the plant growth promoter is sprayed on plant seedlings, for example.
  • the plant growth promoter is preferably sprayed a plurality of times during the growth process.
  • the plant growth promoter may adhere to the tomato fruit or the plant growth promoter may accumulate in the soil.
  • the plant growth promoter of the present invention contains a phosphorylated oligosaccharide polyvalent metal salt that is safe enough to be used in food, the plant growth promoter is attached to the tomato fruit, Even if the accelerator accumulates in the soil, it does not cause a problem in the safety of the tomato fruit and the safety of the soil.
  • the formation of sparingly soluble salts hardly occurs, and there is little accumulation in the soil.
  • a farm worker or the like sprays a plant growth promoter, even if the plant growth promoter is inhaled unintentionally, it does not affect the human body because it is a food material.
  • the plant growth promoter of the present invention is extremely safe.
  • the plant growth promoter of the present invention has a function of promoting the growth of fruit plants. For example, the number of fruit plants can be improved, or the mass per fruit can be improved. By using the plant growth promoter of the present invention, it is possible to promote the growth of fruit plants and further increase the cultivation efficiency. Therefore, the plant growth promoter of the present invention can also be called a fruit rate improving agent or a harvesting extender.
  • the plant growth promoter of the present invention can also have functions such as improving the taste of grown fruits or enhancing specific components.
  • a phosphorylated oligosaccharide calcium salt is used as the phosphorylated oligosaccharide polyvalent metal salt, the concentration of calcium contained in the plant individual may be increased, and vegetables or fruits with enhanced calcium may be obtained.
  • the plant growth promoter of the present invention may also have a function of reducing the nitrate nitrogen concentration in the grown plant.
  • fruits with reduced bitterness and astringency may be obtained by cultivation using the plant growth promoter of the present invention. It is presumed that phosphorus contained in the phosphorylated oligosaccharide polyvalent metal salt functions to improve the sugar content in the fruit.
  • the plant growth promoter of the present invention can also be used for leaf vegetable cultivation and flower cultivating.
  • leaf vegetables include lettuce, cabbage, Chinese cabbage and the like.
  • florets include eustoma and delphium.
  • the plant growth promoter of the present invention may be composed only of phosphorylated oligosaccharide polyvalent metal salt, and may contain other components as optional components.
  • other components include metal salts.
  • the metal salt include calcium chloride, iron chloride, copper chloride, zinc chloride, manganese chloride and the like.
  • the plant growth promoter of the present invention can also be provided as a plant cultivation composition containing a phosphorylated oligosaccharide polyvalent metal salt and other components.
  • the composition for plant cultivation may contain an agriculturally usable excipient, and preferably contains an excipient that can be used on food from the viewpoint of safety. Examples of the excipient include starch, cellulose, sucrose, natural gums, lignin, lignin derivatives, and clay, talc, and amorphous silicon dioxide.
  • the composition for plant cultivation may further contain additives such as a pigment, a diluent, a pH adjuster, or a stabilizer.
  • the composition for plant cultivation may further contain water, soil, other known fertilizers, and the like.
  • the plant growth promoter of the present invention may be solid or liquid.
  • the plant growth promoter of the present invention may be a solution dissolved in water or another solvent.
  • the solution is preferably an aqueous solution because it can be dispersed.
  • the plant growth promoter of the present invention may be one obtained by dissolving a phosphorylated oligosaccharide polyvalent metal salt in water or another solvent and then concentrating it.
  • the plant growth promoter of the present invention may be a powder.
  • an aqueous solution containing a phosphorylated oligosaccharide polyvalent metal salt and optionally other components may be concentrated and dried to obtain a powder.
  • the plant growth promoter of the present invention is preferably transported as a powder. This is because the cost during transportation can be reduced. In this case, it can be dissolved in water or a solvent as needed at the time of use. By transporting with powder, transporting with a solution also reduces the disadvantage that precipitation occurs and becomes inhomogeneous.
  • the plant growth promoter of the present invention when it is a liquid, specifically, when it is a solution, the plant growth promoter of the present invention can be preferably used as a spraying agent.
  • the plant growth promoter of the present invention or light can be absorbed through leaves.
  • the accumulation in the soil can be reduced as compared with a solid.
  • the plant growth promoter of the present invention is preferably used as a solution containing an active ingredient at an appropriate concentration.
  • concentration of the polyvalent metal salt of the phosphorylated oligosaccharide polyvalent metal salt during spraying is preferably a solution having a concentration of 1.00 g / L to 4.00 g / L, and more preferably 1.5 g / L. L to 3.5 g / L, more preferably 1.7 g / L to 3.0 g / L.
  • the plant growth promoter of the present invention may be stored as a solution having a concentration suitable for spraying, or may be stored in a concentrated state. Moreover, the plant growth promoter of the present invention may be stored in a powder form or a gel form, or may be used in a powder form or a gel form.
  • the plant growth promoter of the present invention may be absorbed by roots in plants.
  • the plant growth promoter of the present invention may be solid or liquid. Further, it may be provided as a spraying agent (also referred to as “spraying agent”), or may be provided in a mixed state with the soil.
  • the plant growth promoter of the present invention may be provided as a fertilizer. Moreover, you may provide as a plant cultivation base material which carry
  • the phosphorylated oligosaccharide polyvalent metal salt is a compound in which a partially phosphorylated oligosaccharide and a polyvalent metal are bonded.
  • the oligosaccharide referred to here is a combination of 2 to 100 monosaccharides.
  • the degree of polymerization of the oligosaccharide monosaccharide is preferably 50 or less, more preferably 30 or less, further preferably 10 or less, and particularly preferably 8 or less.
  • the oligo and the like in the phosphorylated oligosaccharide polyvalent metal salt are preferably those in which 2 or more and 10 or less monosaccharides are bonded, and more preferably those in which 2 or more and 8 or less are bonded.
  • the amount of the phosphate group introduced into the oligosaccharide is preferably 1 or more and 10 or less, more preferably 1 or more and 5 or less, and more preferably 1 or 2 per molecule of phosphorylated oligosaccharide. More preferably.
  • the molecular weight of the phosphorylated oligosaccharide is preferably 400 or more, more preferably 500 or more, further preferably 600 or more, and particularly preferably 700 or more.
  • the molecular weight of the phosphorylated oligosaccharide is preferably 10,000 or less, more preferably 2000 or less, and even more preferably 1000 or less.
  • the molecular weight of the phosphorylated oligosaccharide may be 400 or more and 10,000 or less, 500 or more and 2000 or less, or 600 or more and 1000 or less.
  • a polyvalent metal ion having a positive charge forms a salt with the phosphate group.
  • the polyvalent metal include at least one selected from calcium, magnesium, iron, zinc, copper, vanadium, manganese, cobalt, nickel, aluminum, selenium, and molybdenum. Among these, at least one selected from calcium, magnesium, iron and zinc is preferable, and calcium is particularly preferable.
  • the phosphorylated oligosaccharide polyvalent metal salt is preferably a salt containing a single polyvalent metal, but may be a complex salt containing two or more polyvalent metals.
  • Phosphorylated oligosaccharide polyvalent metal salts include phosphorylated oligosaccharide calcium salt (POs-Ca), phosphorylated oligosaccharide magnesium salt (POs-Mg), phosphorylated oligosaccharide iron salt (POs-Fe), and phosphorylated oligosaccharide. It is preferably one selected from the group consisting of zinc salts (POs—Zn), particularly preferably phosphorylated oligosaccharide calcium salt (POs—Ca).
  • POs—Zn zinc salts
  • POs—Ca phosphorylated oligosaccharide calcium salt
  • POs-Ca for example, POs-Ca 50 manufactured by Ezaki Glico Co., Ltd. can be used.
  • Phosphorylated oligosaccharide calcium salt has high solubility and is suitable for use in the form of a spraying agent or the like.
  • the solubility of phosphorylated oligosaccharide calcium salt (POs-Ca) is preferably 500 g / L or more, more preferably 600 g / L or more, and further preferably 700 g / L or more. Since phosphorylated oligosaccharide calcium salt (POs-Ca) has high solubility, it is also suitable for hydroponics and use as a spraying agent.
  • the number of polyvalent metal ions contained in the phosphorylated oligosaccharide polyvalent metal salt is not particularly limited, and the polyvalent metal ion may bind to all of the phosphate groups present in the phosphorylated oligosaccharide.
  • a polyvalent metal ion may be bonded only to the portion. For example, only one polyvalent metal ion may be present in one molecule of phosphorylated oligosaccharide, two may be present, or three or more may be present.
  • the upper limit of polyvalent metal ions present in one molecule of phosphorylated oligosaccharide can be, for example, 20 or less. For example, 3 to 20 polyvalent metal ions may be present in one molecule of phosphorylated oligosaccharide.
  • the phosphorylated oligosaccharide polyvalent metal salt is produced by phosphorylating a known saccharide.
  • Glucan is preferably used as a saccharide that is a raw material for producing a phosphorylated oligosaccharide polyvalent metal salt.
  • As the glucan for example, starch having a lot of phosphate groups bound thereto, such as potato crude starch, is suitable.
  • modified starch is also preferably used.
  • a phosphorylated oligosaccharide polyvalent metal salt can be obtained by decomposing a starch having a phosphate group or a modified starch.
  • starch degrading enzyme glycosyltransferase, ⁇ -glucosidase and the like can be used, and these may be used alone or in combination.
  • ⁇ -glucosidase it is preferably used in combination with other enzymes.
  • the amylolytic enzyme is preferably at least one selected from the group consisting of ⁇ -amylase, ⁇ -amylase, glucoamylase, isoamylase, pullulanase, and neopullulanase.
  • the glycosyltransferase is preferably a cyclodextrin glucanotransferase.
  • a separation and purification step as needed after the step of decomposing the starch having a phosphate group or the modified starch.
  • insoluble substances such as proteins are removed, or oligosaccharides having a phosphate group introduced are separated from oligosaccharides having no phosphate group.
  • the type of anion exchange resin is not particularly limited, but Chitopearl BCW2501 type (Fuji Boseki), Amberlite IRA type (Organo), DEAE-cellulose (Whatman), DEAE-Sephadex, QAE-Sephadex (Pharmacia), QAE-cellulose (BioRad) and the like are preferably used.
  • a polyvalent metal salt is acted on the phosphorylated oligosaccharide or phosphorylated oligosaccharide derivative.
  • a phosphorylated oligosaccharide calcium salt can be obtained by allowing a water-soluble calcium salt to act.
  • Plant cultivation methods methods for improving and / or preventing rot rot
  • the growth of the plant can be promoted.
  • a phosphorylated oligosaccharide polyvalent metal salt to a plant, it is possible to improve and / or prevent rot rot.
  • plant growth promotion comprising the aforementioned phosphorylated oligosaccharide polyvalent metal salt as an active ingredient What is necessary is just to apply an agent to a plant.
  • Examples of methods for applying a plant growth promoter to plants include a method of spraying a plant growth promoter on plants, a method of mixing a plant growth promoter with soil for plant cultivation, and the like.
  • the plant growth promoter may be absorbed into the plant through the leaves or through the roots.
  • a method for applying the plant growth promoter to a plant a method of spraying the plant growth promoter on the leaf surface of the plant is preferable.
  • the plant growth promoter When spraying a plant growth promoter on a plant, the plant growth promoter is preferably sprayed regularly from the seedling stage of the plant, more preferably after harvesting until harvest.
  • the plant growth promoter is preferably applied to the whole plant individual, more preferably applied to the leaf portion of the plant individual, and more preferably applied to both sides of the leaf.
  • the spraying may be performed at least once from the plant seedling stage to the harvest, and the spraying is preferably performed twice or more, more preferably three times or more.
  • the phosphorylated oligosaccharide polyvalent metal salt used in the plant cultivation method and the method for improving and / or preventing the rot of rot is preferably a phosphorylated oligosaccharide calcium salt, and when spraying the phosphorylated oligosaccharide calcium salt It is preferable to spray an aqueous solution containing a phosphorylated oligosaccharide calcium salt having a concentration of 1.00 g / L or more and 4.00 g / L or less.
  • the concentration of the phosphorylated oligosaccharide calcium salt in the aqueous solution at the time of spraying is preferably 1.00 g / L or more, more preferably 1.50 g / L or more, and further preferably 1.80 g / L or more. preferable.
  • the concentration of the phosphorylated oligosaccharide calcium salt in the aqueous solution at the time of spraying is preferably 4.00 g / L or less, more preferably 3.50 g / L or less, and 3.00 g / L or less. Is more preferable, and it is especially preferable that it is 2.50 g / L or less.
  • the concentration of the aqueous solution containing the phosphorylated oligosaccharide calcium salt used for spraying is 1.00 g / L or more and 4.00 g / L or less, 1.00 g / L or more and 3.50 g / L or less.
  • g / L to 3.00 g / L 1.00 g / L to 2.50 g / L, 1.50 g / L to 4.00 g / L, 1.50 g / L to 3.50 g / L, 1.50 g / L to 3.00 g / L, 1.50 g / L to 2.50 g / L, 1.70 g / L to 4.00 g / L, 1.70 g / L to 3.50 g / L 1.70 g / L to 3.00 g / L, 1.70 g / L to 2.50 g / L, 1.80 g / L to 4.00 g / L, 1.80 g / L to 3.50 g / L or less, 1.80 g / L or more and 3.00 g / L or less, or 1.80 g / L It is preferably less than 2.50 g / L.
  • the plant to which the phosphorylated oligosaccharide polyvalent metal salt is applied may be any plant such as agricultural crops and flowers, but is preferably a fruit plant. That is, the plant cultivation method of the present invention is preferably a fruit plant cultivation method.
  • the fruit plant is preferably a solanaceous plant, more preferably a genus of eggplant or capsicum, and examples thereof include eggplant genus tomato, eggplant, capsicum pepper and paprika.
  • Example 1 Tomato seeds (sales company: Takii Seed Co., Ltd., variety: Momotaro) were sown in a black polypot. Thereafter, 5 seedlings with similar growth were selected and planted in Wagner pots (1 / 2000a) in a greenhouse. The soil in the Wagner pot was mixed with the original fertilizer with half of the calcium fertilizer so that the bottom rot easily occurred. The breakdown of the soil in the Wagner pot (12L) was as follows.
  • a solution prepared so that the concentration of phosphorylated oligosaccharide calcium salt (POs-Ca 50, manufactured by Ezaki Glico Co., Ltd.) is 1.83 g / L
  • the whole was sprayed (sprayed).
  • distribution of the phosphorylated oligosaccharide calcium salt containing solution was started at the time when the first and second inflorescences reached fruit, and was performed every week.
  • the phosphorylated oligosaccharide calcium salt-containing solution was sprayed using an electric sprayer and sprayed to all individuals in such an amount that the solution dripped from the whole plant.
  • the tomato fruit was cultivated.
  • Example 2 Instead of the phosphorylated oligosaccharide calcium salt-containing solution having a concentration of 1.83 g / L, a phosphorylated oligosaccharide calcium salt-containing solution having a concentration of 2.29 g / L was sprayed in the same manner as in Example 1. Tomato fruit was cultivated.
  • Example 3 Instead of the phosphorylated oligosaccharide calcium salt-containing solution having a concentration of 1.83 g / L, a phosphorylated oligosaccharide calcium salt-containing solution having a concentration of 3.44 g / L was sprayed in the same manner as in Example 1. Tomato fruit was cultivated.
  • Butt rot occurs in the process of tomato fruit growth.
  • tomato fruit butt When the detached part (so-called tomato fruit butt) was browned at the time of petal detachment, it was judged as rot.
  • the total number of fruits and the number of buttocks rot of the first to third inflorescences of each individual of the Examples, Comparative Examples and Reference Examples were calculated, and the buttocks rot rate (%) was calculated from the following formula. .
  • Butt rot rate (%) total number of buttocks rot / total number of fruits x 100
  • the example shows a decrease in the rot of the bottom.
  • the adjuvant contained in the solution used in the reference example is a chemical fertilizer and is not used as a food material.
  • Example 1 Comparative Example 1, and Reference Example 1, the average mass per fruit and the average yield per seedling were confirmed. It was carried out in the same cultivation area as the above-mentioned rot check. The tomatoes in the sixth floret were harvested from each first floret (harvest period: 27 days). The number of seedlings in each section, the number of fruits obtained, the average mass per fruit (g) and the average yield per seedling (g) are as shown in Table 2, FIG. 2 and FIG.
  • the phosphorylated oligosaccharide calcium showed an increasing tendency in the average mass per fruit and the average yield per seedling.

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Abstract

The present invention provides: a plant growth promoter containing a phosphorylated oligosaccharide polyvalent metal salt as an active ingredient; and a plant cultivation method comprising applying a phosphorylated oligosaccharide polyvalent metal salt to plants, preferably spraying the phosphorylated oligosaccharide polyvalent metal salt on plant foliage. The plant growth promoter and the plant cultivation method according to the present invention are highly safe and can alleviate and/or prevent blossom-end rot in plants.

Description

植物成長促進剤及び植物栽培方法Plant growth promoter and plant cultivation method 関連出願の参照Reference to related applications
　本特許出願は、先に出願された日本国特許出願である特願２０１６－２００５３３（出願日：２０１６年１０月１２日）に基づく優先権の主張を伴うものである。この先の特許出願における全開示内容は、引用することにより本願発明の開示の一部とされる。 This patent application is accompanied by a claim of priority based on Japanese Patent Application No. 2016-200353 (filing date: October 12, 2016) which is a previously filed Japanese patent application. The entire disclosure of this earlier patent application is incorporated herein by reference.
　本発明は、新規な植物成長促進剤及びそれを用いた植物栽培方法に関する。 The present invention relates to a novel plant growth promoter and a plant cultivation method using the same.
　従来、鶏糞燃焼灰などの畜糞燃焼灰は、リンやカリウム等の成分を含むため、肥料原料として用いられている。また、肥料原料としては、草木灰にリン酸を反応させて得られる化成肥料や鶏糞燃焼灰にリン酸を反応させて得られる化成肥料も使用されている。 Conventionally, animal manure ash such as chicken manure ash has been used as a fertilizer raw material because it contains components such as phosphorus and potassium. Moreover, as fertilizer raw materials, chemical fertilizers obtained by reacting plant ash with phosphoric acid and chemical fertilizers obtained by reacting chicken manure combustion ash with phosphoric acid are also used.
　近年、消費者の食に対する安全への意識はますます高まっている。農作物においても、その安全性に関心が寄せられており、化学合成肥料および農薬等を使用せずに栽培された有機野菜など有機農作物低農薬野菜が注目されている。また、農作物の栽培工程では、化学合成肥料および農薬の使用を極力減らす栽培方法が検討されている。 In recent years, consumers have become more aware of food safety. In the field of crops, there is an interest in safety, and organic crops with low agricultural chemicals such as organic vegetables grown without using chemically synthesized fertilizers and agricultural chemicals have attracted attention. Moreover, in the cultivation process of agricultural products, cultivation methods that reduce the use of chemically synthesized fertilizers and agricultural chemicals as much as possible are being studied.
　ところで、農作物の栽培工程では、追肥することがしばしば行われる。特に、植物の成長促進のために、カルシウムを含む散布用薬剤や化学肥料が従来から用いられている。 By the way, additional fertilization is often performed in the crop cultivation process. In particular, spraying chemicals and chemical fertilizers containing calcium have been conventionally used to promote plant growth.
　一方、リン酸化オリゴ糖カルシウム塩は、馬鈴薯由来のリン酸化糖として知られている化合物である。リン酸化オリゴ糖カルシウム塩は食品素材として販売されており、飲食品にも添加されている（例えば、特許文献１）。リン酸化オリゴ糖カルシウム塩は、カルシウム強化剤として生体へのカルシウムの吸収を促進したり、歯の再石灰化を促進する作用を有することが知られている。近年は、リン酸化オリゴ糖カルシウム塩を、もやしやキノコ類の栽培溶液に添加することで、もやしの食感を改善したり、キノコ類のミネラル成分を高めることも検討されている（特許文献２及び３）。 On the other hand, phosphorylated oligosaccharide calcium salt is a compound known as a phosphorylated saccharide derived from potato. Phosphorylated oligosaccharide calcium salt is sold as a food material, and is also added to food and drink (for example, Patent Document 1). Phosphorylated oligosaccharide calcium salt is known as a calcium reinforcing agent to promote the absorption of calcium into the living body and to promote the remineralization of teeth. In recent years, adding a phosphorylated oligosaccharide calcium salt to a bean sprouts or mushroom cultivation solution has also been studied to improve the texture of bean sprouts or to increase the mineral components of mushrooms (Patent Document 2). And 3).
特開２００２－２５３１６４号公報JP 2002-253164 A 特開２００９－２６８４６３号公報JP 2009-268463 A 国際公開第２０１３／１９１１５９号International Publication No. 2013/191159
　散布用薬剤は、植物の果実等可食部へ付着・残留し、その安全性が重要となっている。また、カルシウムを含む薬剤や化学肥料は、難溶性の塩を形成しやすく用土への蓄積が問題となるため、使用が制限されることもある。
　一方、特許文献１～３に記載のリン酸化オリゴ糖カルシウム塩が植物の成長促進のために使用される例は従来知られていない。 Spraying agents adhere and remain on edible parts such as plant fruits, and their safety is important. Moreover, since the chemical | medical agent and chemical fertilizer containing calcium are easy to form a hardly soluble salt and accumulation | storage in a soil becomes a problem, use may be restrict | limited.
On the other hand, examples in which the phosphorylated oligosaccharide calcium salts described in Patent Documents 1 to 3 are used for promoting plant growth have not been known.
　本発明者らは上記の従来技術の課題を解決するために、安全性の高い植物成長促進剤および植物の成長を促進し得る植物栽培方法を提供することを目的として検討を進めた。 In order to solve the above-described problems of the prior art, the inventors of the present invention have studied for the purpose of providing a highly safe plant growth promoter and a plant cultivation method that can promote plant growth.
　上記の課題を解決するために鋭意検討を行った結果、本発明者らは、主に食品素材として知られるリン酸化オリゴ糖多価金属塩が、植物の成長を促進し得るものであることを見出し、本発明を完成するに至った。
　具体的に、本発明は、以下の[１]から[１３]を提供するものである。 As a result of intensive studies to solve the above problems, the present inventors have found that the phosphorylated oligosaccharide polyvalent metal salt mainly known as a food material can promote the growth of plants. The headline and the present invention were completed.
Specifically, the present invention provides the following [1] to [13].
［１］リン酸化オリゴ糖多価金属塩を有効成分として含む植物成長促進剤。
［２］上記リン酸化オリゴ糖多価金属塩がリン酸化オリゴ糖カルシウム塩である［１］に記載の植物成長促進剤。
［３］１．００ｇ／Ｌ以上４．００ｇ／Ｌ以下のリン酸化オリゴ糖カルシウム塩を含む水溶液である［１］又は［２］に記載の植物成長促進剤。
［４］植物成長調整剤である［１］～［３］のいずれか１項に記載の植物成長促進剤。
［５］尻腐れ病の改善および／または予防剤である［１］～［３］のいずれかに記載の植物成長促進剤。
［６］［１］～［５］のいずれかに記載の植物成長促進剤を含む植物栽培用組成物。
［７］リン酸化オリゴ糖多価金属塩を植物に散布することを含む植物栽培方法。
［８］上記リン酸化オリゴ糖多価金属塩がリン酸化オリゴ糖カルシウム塩である［７］に記載の植物栽培方法。
［９］上記リン酸化オリゴ糖多価金属塩が上記植物の葉面に散布される［７］または［８］に記載の植物栽培方法。
［１０］濃度が１．００ｇ／Ｌ以上４．００ｇ／Ｌ以下のリン酸化オリゴ糖カルシウム塩を含む水溶液が散布される［９］に記載の植物栽培方法。
［１１］リン酸化オリゴ糖多価金属塩の尻腐れ病の改善および／または予防有効量を植物に適用することを含む尻腐れ病の改善および／または予防方法。
［１２］リン酸化オリゴ糖多価金属塩の植物成長促進のための使用。
［１３］リン酸化オリゴ糖多価金属塩の植物の尻腐れ病の改善および／または予防のための使用。 [1] A plant growth promoter comprising a phosphorylated oligosaccharide polyvalent metal salt as an active ingredient.
[2] The plant growth promoter according to [1], wherein the phosphorylated oligosaccharide polyvalent metal salt is a phosphorylated oligosaccharide calcium salt.
[3] The plant growth promoter according to [1] or [2], which is an aqueous solution containing a phosphorylated oligosaccharide calcium salt of 1.00 g / L or more and 4.00 g / L or less.
[4] The plant growth promoter according to any one of [1] to [3], which is a plant growth regulator.
[5] The plant growth promoter according to any one of [1] to [3], which is an agent for improving and / or preventing rot rot.
[6] A composition for plant cultivation containing the plant growth promoter according to any one of [1] to [5].
[7] A plant cultivation method comprising spraying a phosphorylated oligosaccharide polyvalent metal salt on a plant.
[8] The plant cultivation method according to [7], wherein the phosphorylated oligosaccharide polyvalent metal salt is a phosphorylated oligosaccharide calcium salt.
[9] The plant cultivation method according to [7] or [8], wherein the phosphorylated oligosaccharide polyvalent metal salt is sprayed on the leaves of the plant.
[10] The plant cultivation method according to [9], wherein an aqueous solution containing a phosphorylated oligosaccharide calcium salt having a concentration of 1.00 g / L or more and 4.00 g / L or less is sprayed.
[11] A method for improving and / or preventing hip rot comprising applying an effective amount of a phosphorylated oligosaccharide polyvalent metal salt to the plant to improve and / or prevent rot.
[12] Use of phosphorylated oligosaccharide polyvalent metal salt for promoting plant growth.
[13] Use of a phosphorylated oligosaccharide polyvalent metal salt for the improvement and / or prevention of plant rot.
　さらに別の観点からは、本発明により、
リン酸化オリゴ糖多価金属塩の植物成長調整のための使用；
リン酸化オリゴ糖多価金属塩の上記植物成長促進剤の製造のための使用；
リン酸化オリゴ糖多価金属塩の上記植物成長調整剤の製造のための使用；
リン酸化オリゴ糖多価金属塩の尻腐れ病の改善および／または予防剤の製造のための使用；
植物成長促進剤としての使用のためのリン酸化オリゴ糖多価金属塩；
植物成長調整剤としての使用のためのリン酸化オリゴ糖多価金属塩；
尻腐れ病の改善および／または予防剤としての使用のためのリン酸化オリゴ糖多価金属塩；
植物成長の促進方法であって、リン酸化オリゴ糖多価金属塩の植物成長促進有効量を植物に適用することを含む方法；ならびに
植物成長の調整方法であって、リン酸化オリゴ糖多価金属塩の植物成長調整有効量を植物に適用することを含む方法
が提供される。 From another point of view, according to the present invention,
Use of phosphorylated oligosaccharide polyvalent metal salts for regulating plant growth;
Use of phosphorylated oligosaccharide polyvalent metal salt for the production of the above plant growth promoter;
Use of phosphorylated oligosaccharide polyvalent metal salt for the production of the above plant growth regulator;
Use of phosphorylated oligosaccharide polyvalent metal salt for the improvement of bottom rot and / or the production of a preventive agent;
Phosphorylated oligosaccharide polyvalent metal salts for use as plant growth promoters;
Phosphorylated oligosaccharide polyvalent metal salts for use as plant growth regulators;
Phosphorylated oligosaccharide polyvalent metal salt for use as an agent to ameliorate and / or prevent hip rot;
A method for promoting plant growth, comprising applying a plant growth promoting effective amount of a phosphorylated oligosaccharide polyvalent metal salt to a plant; and a method for regulating plant growth, comprising a phosphorylated oligosaccharide polyvalent metal A method is provided comprising applying a plant growth modulating effective amount of salt to a plant.
　本発明により、リン酸化オリゴ糖多価金属塩を有効成分とする植物成長促進剤が提供される。リン酸化オリゴ糖多価金属塩は食品素材としても用いられている。したがって、本発明の植物成長促進剤は安全性が高い。本発明によってはまた、リン酸化オリゴ糖多価金属塩を用いた植物の栽培方法が提供される。本発明の栽培方法により、植物の成長を促進することができる。また、リン酸化オリゴ糖多価金属塩は食品素材であるため、植物栽培工程において散布用薬剤や肥料として用いた場合の安全性は極めて高い。 The present invention provides a plant growth promoter comprising a phosphorylated oligosaccharide polyvalent metal salt as an active ingredient. Phosphorylated oligosaccharide polyvalent metal salts are also used as food materials. Therefore, the plant growth promoter of the present invention has high safety. The present invention also provides a method for cultivating plants using phosphorylated oligosaccharide polyvalent metal salts. Plant growth can be promoted by the cultivation method of the present invention. Moreover, since the phosphorylated oligosaccharide polyvalent metal salt is a food material, the safety when used as a spraying agent or fertilizer in the plant cultivation process is extremely high.
図１は、実施例１～３、比較例１及び参考例１における各個体の尻腐れ率を示すグラフである。FIG. 1 is a graph showing the buttocks decay rate of each individual in Examples 1 to 3, Comparative Example 1 and Reference Example 1. 実施例１、比較例１及び参考例１における１果実あたりの平均質量を示すグラフである。It is a graph which shows the average mass per fruit in Example 1, Comparative Example 1, and Reference Example 1. 実施例１、比較例１及び参考例１における１苗あたりの平均収量増加を示すグラフである。It is a graph which shows the average yield increase per seedling in Example 1, Comparative Example 1, and Reference Example 1.
　以下において、本発明について詳細に説明する。以下に記載する構成要件の説明は、代表的な実施形態や具体例に基づいてなされることがあるが、本発明はそのような実施形態に限定されるものではない。 Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail. The description of the constituent elements described below may be made based on representative embodiments and specific examples, but the present invention is not limited to such embodiments.
（植物成長促進剤）
　本発明の植物成長促進剤は、リン酸化オリゴ糖多価金属塩を有効成分として含む。
　本明細書において、「植物成長促進」には、植物の成長の促進（植物の高さや質量の増加）、着果率改善（着果率増加）、果実の質量の増加、発芽促進、発根促進等の意味が含まれ、さらには農作物としての収穫量増加の意味も含まれる。「植物成長促進」は、栄養成分の添加または栄養成分の吸収促進などにより植物成長が促進して達成されるものであってもよく、植物の成長を阻害する病害の抑制により達成されるものであってもよい。すなわち、植物成長促進剤は、植物の成長に影響する病害の改善および／または予防剤であってもよい。植物成長促進剤は植物の成長に影響する病害としては、例えば、後述の尻腐れ病が挙げられる。本明細書において、「植物成長促進」は「植物成長調整」とも言い換えることができる。すなわち、植物成長促進剤は、植物成長調整剤であってもよい。 (Plant growth promoter)
The plant growth promoter of the present invention contains a phosphorylated oligosaccharide polyvalent metal salt as an active ingredient.
In the present specification, “plant growth promotion” includes plant growth promotion (increase in plant height and mass), fruit set improvement (increase fruit rate), fruit mass increase, germination promotion, rooting. It includes the meaning of promotion, etc., and further includes the meaning of increased yield as a crop. “Plant growth promotion” may be achieved by promoting plant growth by adding nutrient components or promoting absorption of nutrient components, and is achieved by controlling diseases that inhibit plant growth. There may be. That is, the plant growth promoter may be an agent for improving and / or preventing a disease affecting plant growth. Examples of the disease affecting the plant growth of the plant growth promoter include bottom rot, which will be described later. In the present specification, “plant growth promotion” can also be referred to as “plant growth regulation”. That is, the plant growth promoter may be a plant growth regulator.
　本明細書において、「有効成分として含む」とは、主要な活性成分として含むという意味であり、効果を奏する程度に含有するという意味である。
　本明細書において、「改善および／または予防」とは、「改善」、「予防」、または「改善および予防」を意味する。例えば、「改善および／または予防剤」は、改善剤としてのみ機能していてもよく、予防剤としてのみ機能していてもよく、改善剤および予防剤としての機能を同時に有していてもよい。
　本明細書において、「植物の尻腐れ病の改善」とは、尻腐れ病の植物が呈する症状の低減および緩和を意味し、例えば、本発明の植物成長促進剤を用いることによる、末端が凹んだり、黒化している果実の数の減少、または果実末端の凹みの程度の低減や黒化の程度の低減などを意味する。また、「植物の尻腐れ病の予防」は尻腐れ病の植物が呈する症状の発生を未然に防ぐことを意味する。 In the present specification, “include as an active ingredient” means that it is contained as a main active ingredient, and means that it is contained to such an extent that an effect is exhibited.
In the present specification, “improvement and / or prevention” means “improvement”, “prevention”, or “improvement and prevention”. For example, the “improving and / or preventing agent” may function only as an improving agent, may function only as a preventing agent, or may have a function as an improving agent and a preventing agent at the same time. .
In the present specification, “improvement of plant rot disease” means reduction and alleviation of symptoms exhibited by a plant with rot rot, for example, by using the plant growth promoter of the present invention, the end is recessed. It means a decrease in the number of fruits that are blackened, or a reduction in the degree of dents at the end of the fruit or a reduction in the degree of blackening. Further, “prevention of plant rot disease” means to prevent the occurrence of symptoms exhibited by plants with rot disease.
　リン酸化オリゴ糖多価金属塩は食品に用いられている原料であり、食品素材として販売がされているものである。本発明においては、食品としても用いることができるリン酸化オリゴ糖多価金属塩を用いることにより、極めて安全性の高い植物成長促進剤を提供することができる。 Phosphorylated oligosaccharide polyvalent metal salt is a raw material used in foods and is sold as a food material. In the present invention, a very safe plant growth promoter can be provided by using a phosphorylated oligosaccharide polyvalent metal salt that can also be used as food.
　本発明の植物成長促進剤は、農作物や草花といった植物全般の栽培において使用し得る。中でも、本発明の植物成長促進剤は、農作物栽培に用いられることが好ましく、果実植物栽培に用いられることがより好ましい。果実植物としては、好ましくはナス科植物が挙げられ、より好ましくはナス属、トウガラシ属が挙げられ、例えば、ナス属トマト、ナス、トウガラシ属ピーマン、パプリカ等を挙げることができる。 The plant growth promoter of the present invention can be used in the cultivation of plants such as agricultural crops and flowers. Among these, the plant growth promoter of the present invention is preferably used for crop cultivation, and more preferably used for fruit plant cultivation. The fruit plant is preferably a solanaceous plant, more preferably a genus of eggplant or capsicum, and examples thereof include eggplant genus tomato, eggplant, capsicum pepper and paprika.
　例えば、トマトを栽培する過程においては、トマト果実の急速な成長により、根からの栄養供給が間に合わなくなり、トマト果実の末端が凹んだり、黒化する現象が見られる場合がある。このような現象は、いわゆる「尻腐れ病」と呼ばれるものであり、植物、特にナス科果実などの農作物の成長を阻害する病害として知られている。またトマトとパプリカでは、両者ともに、尻腐れの起因として局所的なカルシウム欠乏が確認されている（Morley et al., 1993; Adams and Ho, 1992; L.F.M. Marcelis  L.C. Ho, Journal of  Experimental Botany, Vol. 50, No. 332, pp.357-363, March 1999参照）。本発明の植物成長促進剤は、上記の「尻腐れ病」の発生を抑制し得るものである。すなわち、本発明の植物成長促進剤は、尻腐れ病の改善および／または予防剤として使用することができる。「尻腐れ病」による果実の成長阻害を防止するためには、従来から栽培の工程においてカルシウム剤等の薬剤を散布したり、カルシウムを含む化学肥料を追肥することが行われている。しかしながら、従来使用されている薬剤や肥料は食品素材として販売されているものではなく、そのため栽培された果実の安全性には問題が残るものであった。本発明の植物成長促進剤は、安全性が高いため、後述のように、果実等に付着する可能性のある散布用薬剤としても使用可能である。また本発明の植物成長促進剤は、水への溶解性も高く、土壌中の微生物による分解も早く、さらに硝酸態窒素も含まないため、用土への残留も問題となりにくい。 For example, in the process of cultivating tomatoes, due to the rapid growth of tomato fruits, nutrient supply from the roots may not be in time, and the end of the tomato fruits may be dented or blackened. Such a phenomenon is called “bottom rot” and is known as a disease that inhibits the growth of plants, particularly crops such as solanaceous fruits. In both tomato and paprika, local calcium deficiency has been confirmed as a cause of hip rot (Morley et al., 1993; Adams and Ho, 1992; LFM Marcelis LC Ho, Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol. 50, No. 332, pp.357-363, March 1999). The plant growth promoter of the present invention can suppress the occurrence of the above-mentioned “butt rot”. That is, the plant growth promoter of the present invention can be used as an agent for improving and / or preventing rot rot. In order to prevent fruit growth inhibition due to “bottom rot”, it has been conventionally practiced to spray chemicals such as calcium agents or supplement fertilizers containing calcium in the cultivation process. However, conventionally used drugs and fertilizers are not sold as food materials, and thus there remains a problem with the safety of cultivated fruits. Since the plant growth promoter of the present invention has high safety, it can be used as a spraying agent that may adhere to fruits and the like as described later. Further, the plant growth promoter of the present invention has high solubility in water, is rapidly decomposed by microorganisms in the soil, and does not contain nitrate nitrogen.
　トマトを栽培する過程で本発明の植物成長促進剤を使用する場合、植物成長促進剤は、例えば、植物の苗に散布される。植物成長促進剤は、成長の過程において複数回散布されることが好ましい。このような散布工程を経ることにより、トマト果実に植物成長促進剤が付着したり、植物成長促進剤が用土に蓄積したりする場合がある。しかしながら、本発明の植物成長促進剤は、食品に用いることができる程度に安全性が高いリン酸化オリゴ糖多価金属塩を含むものであるから、トマト果実に植物成長促進剤が付着したり、植物成長促進剤が用土に蓄積したりした場合であっても、トマト果実の安全性や用土の安全性に問題を生じさせることはない。さらに、化学肥料のように、難溶性の塩の形成もおこりにくく用土への蓄積も少ない。また、農作業従事者等が植物成長促進剤を散布する場合に、植物成長促進剤を意図せずに吸い込んだとしても、食品素材であるため人体に影響を与えることはない。このように、本発明の植物成長促進剤は、極めて安全性の高いものである。 When using the plant growth promoter of the present invention in the process of cultivating tomatoes, the plant growth promoter is sprayed on plant seedlings, for example. The plant growth promoter is preferably sprayed a plurality of times during the growth process. By passing through such a spraying process, the plant growth promoter may adhere to the tomato fruit or the plant growth promoter may accumulate in the soil. However, since the plant growth promoter of the present invention contains a phosphorylated oligosaccharide polyvalent metal salt that is safe enough to be used in food, the plant growth promoter is attached to the tomato fruit, Even if the accelerator accumulates in the soil, it does not cause a problem in the safety of the tomato fruit and the safety of the soil. Furthermore, unlike chemical fertilizers, the formation of sparingly soluble salts hardly occurs, and there is little accumulation in the soil. Moreover, even if a farm worker or the like sprays a plant growth promoter, even if the plant growth promoter is inhaled unintentionally, it does not affect the human body because it is a food material. Thus, the plant growth promoter of the present invention is extremely safe.
　本発明の植物成長促進剤は、果実植物の成長を促進させる働きを有する。例えば、果実植物の着果数を向上させること、または果実１個あたりの質量を向上させることが可能である。本発明の植物成長促進剤を用いることで、果実植物の成長を促進し、さらに栽培効率をより高めることも可能である。したがって、本発明の植物成長促進剤は、着果率改善剤や収穫増量剤と呼ぶこともできる。 The plant growth promoter of the present invention has a function of promoting the growth of fruit plants. For example, the number of fruit plants can be improved, or the mass per fruit can be improved. By using the plant growth promoter of the present invention, it is possible to promote the growth of fruit plants and further increase the cultivation efficiency. Therefore, the plant growth promoter of the present invention can also be called a fruit rate improving agent or a harvesting extender.
　また、本発明の植物成長促進剤は、成長果実の呈味を向上させる、または特定成分を増強させる等の働きも有し得る。例えば、リン酸化オリゴ糖多価金属塩として、リン酸化オリゴ糖カルシウム塩を用いた場合、植物個体が含有するカルシウム濃度が高められ、カルシウムが増強された野菜や果実が得られていてもよい。 Moreover, the plant growth promoter of the present invention can also have functions such as improving the taste of grown fruits or enhancing specific components. For example, when a phosphorylated oligosaccharide calcium salt is used as the phosphorylated oligosaccharide polyvalent metal salt, the concentration of calcium contained in the plant individual may be increased, and vegetables or fruits with enhanced calcium may be obtained.
　さらに、本発明の植物成長促進剤は、成長した植物中の硝酸性窒素濃度を減少させる働きも有し得る。例えば、本発明の植物成長促進剤を用いた栽培により、苦味や渋味が減少した果実が得られてもよい。リン酸化オリゴ糖多価金属塩に含まれるリンが果実中の糖度を向上させる働きをすることが推定される。 Furthermore, the plant growth promoter of the present invention may also have a function of reducing the nitrate nitrogen concentration in the grown plant. For example, fruits with reduced bitterness and astringency may be obtained by cultivation using the plant growth promoter of the present invention. It is presumed that phosphorus contained in the phosphorylated oligosaccharide polyvalent metal salt functions to improve the sugar content in the fruit.
　本発明の植物成長促進剤は、葉菜類栽培用や、花卉栽培用にも使用することができる。葉菜類としては、例えば、レタス、キャベツ、ハクサイ等を挙げることができる。花卉としては、例えば、トルコギキョウ、デルフィウム等を挙げることができる。 The plant growth promoter of the present invention can also be used for leaf vegetable cultivation and flower cultivating. Examples of leaf vegetables include lettuce, cabbage, Chinese cabbage and the like. Examples of florets include eustoma and delphium.
　本発明の植物成長促進剤は、リン酸化オリゴ糖多価金属塩のみからなるものであってもよく、任意成分として他の成分を含んでいてもよい。他の成分としては、金属塩が挙げられる。金属塩としては、例えば、塩化カルシウムや、塩化鉄、塩化銅、塩化亜鉛、塩化マンガン等を挙げることができる。 The plant growth promoter of the present invention may be composed only of phosphorylated oligosaccharide polyvalent metal salt, and may contain other components as optional components. Examples of other components include metal salts. Examples of the metal salt include calcium chloride, iron chloride, copper chloride, zinc chloride, manganese chloride and the like.
　本発明の植物成長促進剤はリン酸化オリゴ糖多価金属塩および他の成分を含む、植物栽培用組成物として提供することもできる。植物栽培用組成物は、農学上使用可能な賦形剤を含んでいてもよく、好ましくは安全性の観点から食品上使用可能な賦形剤を含んでなる。賦形剤としては、例えば、デンプン、セルロース、ショ糖、天然ガム類、リグニン、リグニン誘導体、更にクレー、タルク、無晶形二酸化珪素が挙げられる。植物栽培用組成物は、さらに色素、希釈剤、ｐＨ調節剤、または安定化剤などの添加剤を含んでいてもよい。植物栽培用組成物は、さらに、水、土、他の公知の肥料等を含んでいてもよい。 The plant growth promoter of the present invention can also be provided as a plant cultivation composition containing a phosphorylated oligosaccharide polyvalent metal salt and other components. The composition for plant cultivation may contain an agriculturally usable excipient, and preferably contains an excipient that can be used on food from the viewpoint of safety. Examples of the excipient include starch, cellulose, sucrose, natural gums, lignin, lignin derivatives, and clay, talc, and amorphous silicon dioxide. The composition for plant cultivation may further contain additives such as a pigment, a diluent, a pH adjuster, or a stabilizer. The composition for plant cultivation may further contain water, soil, other known fertilizers, and the like.
　本発明の植物成長促進剤は、固体であっても液体であってもよい。本発明の植物成長促進剤は水または他の溶媒に溶解した溶液であってもよい。溶液は散布ができることから水溶液であることが好ましい。本発明の植物成長促進剤はリン酸化オリゴ糖多価金属塩を水又は他の溶媒に溶解させた後に、濃縮したものであってもよい。また、本発明の植物成長促進剤は粉末であってもよい。例えば、リン酸化オリゴ糖多価金属塩と任意で他の成分とを含む水溶液を濃縮、乾燥させて粉末としたものであってもよい。 The plant growth promoter of the present invention may be solid or liquid. The plant growth promoter of the present invention may be a solution dissolved in water or another solvent. The solution is preferably an aqueous solution because it can be dispersed. The plant growth promoter of the present invention may be one obtained by dissolving a phosphorylated oligosaccharide polyvalent metal salt in water or another solvent and then concentrating it. The plant growth promoter of the present invention may be a powder. For example, an aqueous solution containing a phosphorylated oligosaccharide polyvalent metal salt and optionally other components may be concentrated and dried to obtain a powder.
　本発明の植物成長促進剤は粉末として輸送することが好ましい。輸送時のコスト削減が可能であるからである。この場合、使用時に必要に応じて水又は溶媒に溶解することができる。粉末で輸送することにより溶液で輸送することにより沈殿が生じて不均質なものとなるデメリットも少なくなる。 The plant growth promoter of the present invention is preferably transported as a powder. This is because the cost during transportation can be reduced. In this case, it can be dissolved in water or a solvent as needed at the time of use. By transporting with powder, transporting with a solution also reduces the disadvantage that precipitation occurs and becomes inhomogeneous.
　本発明の植物成長促進剤が液体である場合、具体的には溶液である場合、本発明の植物成長促進剤は散布用薬剤として好ましく用いることができる。特に葉面散布剤として用いることにより、本発か明の植物成長促進剤を経葉吸収させることができる。さらに液体の場合、固体と比較して、用土への蓄積を減らすことができる。 When the plant growth promoter of the present invention is a liquid, specifically, when it is a solution, the plant growth promoter of the present invention can be preferably used as a spraying agent. In particular, by using it as a foliar spray, the plant growth promoter of the present invention or light can be absorbed through leaves. Furthermore, in the case of a liquid, the accumulation in the soil can be reduced as compared with a solid.
　植物成長促進剤を散布用薬剤として用いる場合、本発明の植物成長促進剤は有効成分を適切な濃度で含む溶液として使用されることが好ましい。例えば、散布時のリン酸化オリゴ糖多価金属塩の多価金属塩の濃度が、１．００ｇ／Ｌ以上４．００ｇ／Ｌ以下である溶液とすることが好ましく、より好ましくは１．５ｇ／Ｌ以上３．５ｇ／Ｌ以下、さらに好ましくは１．７ｇ／Ｌ以上３．０ｇ／Ｌ以下である。 When using a plant growth promoter as a spraying agent, the plant growth promoter of the present invention is preferably used as a solution containing an active ingredient at an appropriate concentration. For example, the concentration of the polyvalent metal salt of the phosphorylated oligosaccharide polyvalent metal salt during spraying is preferably a solution having a concentration of 1.00 g / L to 4.00 g / L, and more preferably 1.5 g / L. L to 3.5 g / L, more preferably 1.7 g / L to 3.0 g / L.
　本発明の植物成長促進剤は散布に適した濃度の溶液として保管されていてもよく、濃縮された状態で保管されていてもよい。また、本発明の植物成長促進剤は粉末状やゲル状で保管されていてもよく、粉末状やゲル状で使用してもよい。 The plant growth promoter of the present invention may be stored as a solution having a concentration suitable for spraying, or may be stored in a concentrated state. Moreover, the plant growth promoter of the present invention may be stored in a powder form or a gel form, or may be used in a powder form or a gel form.
　本発明の植物成長促進剤は、植物に経根吸収させてもよい。この場合は、本発明の植物成長促進剤は固体であっても液体であってもよい。また、散布用薬剤（「散布剤」ともいう。）として提供されていてもよく、用土に混合した状態で提供されていてもよい。また、本発明の植物成長促進剤は、肥料として提供されていてもよい。また、植物成長促進剤を担体等に担持した植物栽培基材として提供されていてもよい。 The plant growth promoter of the present invention may be absorbed by roots in plants. In this case, the plant growth promoter of the present invention may be solid or liquid. Further, it may be provided as a spraying agent (also referred to as “spraying agent”), or may be provided in a mixed state with the soil. Moreover, the plant growth promoter of the present invention may be provided as a fertilizer. Moreover, you may provide as a plant cultivation base material which carry | supported the plant growth promoter on the support | carrier etc.
（リン酸化オリゴ糖多価金属塩）
　リン酸化オリゴ糖多価金属塩は、部分的にリン酸化されたオリゴ糖と、多価金属が結合した化合物である。ここで言うオリゴ糖は単糖が２個以上１００個以下結合したものである。オリゴ糖の単糖の重合度は、５０以下であることが好ましく、３０以下であることがより好ましく、１０以下であることがさらに好ましく、８以下であることが特に好ましい。例えば、リン酸化オリゴ糖多価金属塩におけるオリゴ等は単糖が２個以上１０個以下結合したものであることが好ましく、２個以上８個以下結合したものであることがより好ましい。オリゴ糖へのリン酸基の導入量は、リン酸化オリゴ糖１分子あたり１個以上１０個以下であることが好ましく、１個以上５個以下であることがより好ましく、１個又は２個であることがより好ましい。 (Phosphorylated oligosaccharide polyvalent metal salt)
The phosphorylated oligosaccharide polyvalent metal salt is a compound in which a partially phosphorylated oligosaccharide and a polyvalent metal are bonded. The oligosaccharide referred to here is a combination of 2 to 100 monosaccharides. The degree of polymerization of the oligosaccharide monosaccharide is preferably 50 or less, more preferably 30 or less, further preferably 10 or less, and particularly preferably 8 or less. For example, the oligo and the like in the phosphorylated oligosaccharide polyvalent metal salt are preferably those in which 2 or more and 10 or less monosaccharides are bonded, and more preferably those in which 2 or more and 8 or less are bonded. The amount of the phosphate group introduced into the oligosaccharide is preferably 1 or more and 10 or less, more preferably 1 or more and 5 or less, and more preferably 1 or 2 per molecule of phosphorylated oligosaccharide. More preferably.
　リン酸化オリゴ糖の分子量は、４００以上であることが好ましく、５００以上であることがより好ましく、６００以上であることがさらに好ましく、７００以上であることが特に好ましい。リン酸化オリゴ糖の分子量は、１００００以下であることが好ましく、２０００以下であることがより好ましく、１０００以下であることがさらに好ましい。例えば、リン酸化オリゴ糖の分子量は４００以上１００００以下、５００以上２０００以下、または６００以上１０００以下であればよい。 The molecular weight of the phosphorylated oligosaccharide is preferably 400 or more, more preferably 500 or more, further preferably 600 or more, and particularly preferably 700 or more. The molecular weight of the phosphorylated oligosaccharide is preferably 10,000 or less, more preferably 2000 or less, and even more preferably 1000 or less. For example, the molecular weight of the phosphorylated oligosaccharide may be 400 or more and 10,000 or less, 500 or more and 2000 or less, or 600 or more and 1000 or less.
　リン酸化オリゴ糖のリン酸基はマイナスの電荷を持っているため、プラスの電荷を持った多価金属イオンはリン酸基と塩を形成する。多価金属としては、例えば、カルシウム、マグネシウム、鉄、亜鉛、銅、バナジウム、マンガン、コバルト、ニッケル、アルミニウム、セレン及びモリブデンから選択される少なくとも１種を挙げることができる。中でも、カルシウム、マグネシウム、鉄及び亜鉛から選択される少なくとも１種であることが好ましく、カルシウムであることが特に好ましい。なお、リン酸化オリゴ糖多価金属塩は単一の多価金属を含む塩であることが好ましいが、２種以上の多価金属を含む複合塩であってもよい。 Since the phosphate group of phosphorylated oligosaccharide has a negative charge, a polyvalent metal ion having a positive charge forms a salt with the phosphate group. Examples of the polyvalent metal include at least one selected from calcium, magnesium, iron, zinc, copper, vanadium, manganese, cobalt, nickel, aluminum, selenium, and molybdenum. Among these, at least one selected from calcium, magnesium, iron and zinc is preferable, and calcium is particularly preferable. The phosphorylated oligosaccharide polyvalent metal salt is preferably a salt containing a single polyvalent metal, but may be a complex salt containing two or more polyvalent metals.
　リン酸化オリゴ糖多価金属塩は、リン酸化オリゴ糖カルシウム塩（ＰＯｓ－Ｃａ）、リン酸化オリゴ糖マグネシウム塩（ＰＯｓ－Ｍｇ）、リン酸化オリゴ糖鉄塩（ＰＯｓ－Ｆｅ）及びリン酸化オリゴ糖亜鉛塩（ＰＯｓ－Ｚｎ）からなる群から選択されるものであることが好ましく、リン酸化オリゴ糖カルシウム塩（ＰＯｓ－Ｃａ）であることが特に好ましい。リン酸化オリゴ糖カルシウム塩（ＰＯｓ－Ｃａ）としては、例えば、江崎グリコ株式会社製のＰＯｓ－Ｃａ　５０を用いることができる。リン酸化オリゴ糖カルシウム塩は、溶解度が高く、散布剤等の形態として用いる際に好適である。 Phosphorylated oligosaccharide polyvalent metal salts include phosphorylated oligosaccharide calcium salt (POs-Ca), phosphorylated oligosaccharide magnesium salt (POs-Mg), phosphorylated oligosaccharide iron salt (POs-Fe), and phosphorylated oligosaccharide. It is preferably one selected from the group consisting of zinc salts (POs—Zn), particularly preferably phosphorylated oligosaccharide calcium salt (POs—Ca). As phosphorylated oligosaccharide calcium salt (POs-Ca), for example, POs-Ca 50 manufactured by Ezaki Glico Co., Ltd. can be used. Phosphorylated oligosaccharide calcium salt has high solubility and is suitable for use in the form of a spraying agent or the like.
　リン酸化オリゴ糖カルシウム塩（ＰＯｓ－Ｃａ）の溶解度は、５００ｇ／Ｌ以上であることが好ましく、６００ｇ／Ｌ以上であることがより好ましく、７００ｇ／Ｌ以上であることがさらに好ましい。リン酸化オリゴ糖カルシウム塩（ＰＯｓ－Ｃａ）は溶解度が高いため、水耕栽培や散布剤としての用途にも好適である。 The solubility of phosphorylated oligosaccharide calcium salt (POs-Ca) is preferably 500 g / L or more, more preferably 600 g / L or more, and further preferably 700 g / L or more. Since phosphorylated oligosaccharide calcium salt (POs-Ca) has high solubility, it is also suitable for hydroponics and use as a spraying agent.
　リン酸化オリゴ糖多価金属塩に含まれる多価金属イオンの数は特に限定されず、リン酸化オリゴ糖中に存在するリン酸基のすべてに多価金属イオンが結合してもよいし、一部のみに多価金属イオンが結合してもよい。例えば、リン酸化オリゴ糖１分子に１個のみの多価金属イオンが存在してもよいし、２個存在してもよく、または３個以上存在してもよい。リン酸化オリゴ糖１分子中存在する多価金属イオンの上限値は、例えば２０個以下とすることができる。例えば、リン酸化オリゴ糖１分子には３個以上２０個以下の多価金属イオンが存在してもよい。 The number of polyvalent metal ions contained in the phosphorylated oligosaccharide polyvalent metal salt is not particularly limited, and the polyvalent metal ion may bind to all of the phosphate groups present in the phosphorylated oligosaccharide. A polyvalent metal ion may be bonded only to the portion. For example, only one polyvalent metal ion may be present in one molecule of phosphorylated oligosaccharide, two may be present, or three or more may be present. The upper limit of polyvalent metal ions present in one molecule of phosphorylated oligosaccharide can be, for example, 20 or less. For example, 3 to 20 polyvalent metal ions may be present in one molecule of phosphorylated oligosaccharide.
（リン酸化オリゴ糖多価金属塩の製造方法）
　リン酸化オリゴ糖多価金属塩は、公知の糖類をリン酸化することにより製造される。
リン酸化オリゴ糖多価金属塩の製造原料である糖類としては、グルカンが使用されることが好ましい。グルカンとしては、例えば、馬鈴薯の粗製澱粉などのリン酸基が多く結合した澱粉が適している。また、化工澱粉も好ましく用いられる。さらに、リン酸基を化学的に結合させた各種糖質を用いることも可能である。馬鈴薯澱粉中では、これを構成するグルコースの３位及び６位にリン酸基が比較的多くエステル結合している。リン酸基は主にアミロペクチンに存在する。 (Method for producing phosphorylated oligosaccharide polyvalent metal salt)
The phosphorylated oligosaccharide polyvalent metal salt is produced by phosphorylating a known saccharide.
Glucan is preferably used as a saccharide that is a raw material for producing a phosphorylated oligosaccharide polyvalent metal salt. As the glucan, for example, starch having a lot of phosphate groups bound thereto, such as potato crude starch, is suitable. In addition, modified starch is also preferably used. Furthermore, it is also possible to use various carbohydrates chemically bonded with phosphate groups. In potato starch, a relatively large number of phosphate groups are ester-bonded at the 3rd and 6th positions of glucose constituting the starch. Phosphate groups are mainly present in amylopectin.
　糖類がグルカンの場合には、リン酸基を有する澱粉又は化工澱粉を分解することで、リン酸化オリゴ糖多価金属塩が得られる。分解には、澱粉分解酵素、糖転移酵素、α－グルコシダーゼ等を用いることができ、これは１種単独で使用してもよく、複数を組み合わせて使用してもよい。但し、α－グルコシダーゼを用いる場合は、他の酵素と組み合わせて用いることが好ましい。 When the saccharide is glucan, a phosphorylated oligosaccharide polyvalent metal salt can be obtained by decomposing a starch having a phosphate group or a modified starch. For the degradation, starch degrading enzyme, glycosyltransferase, α-glucosidase and the like can be used, and these may be used alone or in combination. However, when α-glucosidase is used, it is preferably used in combination with other enzymes.
　澱粉分解酵素は、α－アミラーゼ、β－アミラーゼ、グルコアミラーゼ、イソアミラーゼ、プルラナーゼ、及びネオプルラナーゼからなる群から選択される少なくとも１種であることが好ましい。また、糖転移酵素はシクロデキストリングルカノトランスフェラーゼであることが好ましい。 The amylolytic enzyme is preferably at least one selected from the group consisting of α-amylase, β-amylase, glucoamylase, isoamylase, pullulanase, and neopullulanase. The glycosyltransferase is preferably a cyclodextrin glucanotransferase.
　リン酸基を有する澱粉又は化工澱粉を分解する工程の後には、必要に応じて分離精製工程を設けることが好ましい。分離精製工程では、タンパク質等の不溶性物質を除去したり、リン酸基が導入されたオリゴ糖と、リン酸基を有さないオリゴ糖を分離する。リン酸基が導入されたオリゴ糖を分離するためには、例えばアニオン交換樹脂を用いて分離精製工程を行うことが好ましい。アニオン交換樹脂の種類は特に限定されるものではないが、キトパールＢＣＷ２５０１タイプ（富士紡績製）、アンバーライトＩＲＡタイプ（オルガノ製）、ＤＥＡＥ－セルロース（ワットマン製）、ＤＥＡＥ－セファデックス、ＱＡＥ－セファデックス（ファルマシア製）、ＱＡＥ－セルロース（バイオラッド製）等が好適に用いられる。 It is preferable to provide a separation and purification step as needed after the step of decomposing the starch having a phosphate group or the modified starch. In the separation and purification step, insoluble substances such as proteins are removed, or oligosaccharides having a phosphate group introduced are separated from oligosaccharides having no phosphate group. In order to separate the oligosaccharide introduced with a phosphate group, it is preferable to perform a separation and purification step using, for example, an anion exchange resin. The type of anion exchange resin is not particularly limited, but Chitopearl BCW2501 type (Fuji Boseki), Amberlite IRA type (Organo), DEAE-cellulose (Whatman), DEAE-Sephadex, QAE-Sephadex (Pharmacia), QAE-cellulose (BioRad) and the like are preferably used.
　分離精製工程の後には、リン酸化オリゴ糖またはリン酸化オリゴ糖誘導体に多価金属塩を作用される。例えば、水溶性カルシウム塩を作用させることにより、リン酸化オリゴ糖カルシウム塩を得ることができる。 After the separation and purification step, a polyvalent metal salt is acted on the phosphorylated oligosaccharide or phosphorylated oligosaccharide derivative. For example, a phosphorylated oligosaccharide calcium salt can be obtained by allowing a water-soluble calcium salt to act.
　なお、リン酸化糖の製造方法については、特開平８－１０４６９６号公報及び特開平１０－８４９８５号公報に記載される方法を適宜採用することができる。 As for the method for producing phosphorylated saccharide, methods described in JP-A-8-104696 and JP-A-10-84985 can be appropriately employed.
（植物栽培方法、尻腐れ病の改善および／または予防方法）
　リン酸化オリゴ糖多価金属塩を植物に適用して植物栽培を行なうことにより、植物の成長を促進することができる。また、リン酸化オリゴ糖多価金属塩を植物に適用することにより尻腐れ病を改善および／または予防することができる。リン酸化オリゴ糖多価金属塩を利用した植物栽培方法、尻腐れ病の改善および／または予防方法において、具体的には、上述のリン酸化オリゴ糖多価金属塩を有効成分として含む植物成長促進剤を植物へ適用すればよい。 (Plant cultivation methods, methods for improving and / or preventing rot rot)
By growing the plant by applying the phosphorylated oligosaccharide polyvalent metal salt to the plant, the growth of the plant can be promoted. Further, by applying a phosphorylated oligosaccharide polyvalent metal salt to a plant, it is possible to improve and / or prevent rot rot. In a plant cultivation method using phosphorylated oligosaccharide polyvalent metal salt, and a method for improving and / or preventing rot rot, specifically, plant growth promotion comprising the aforementioned phosphorylated oligosaccharide polyvalent metal salt as an active ingredient What is necessary is just to apply an agent to a plant.
　植物成長促進剤を植物へ適用する方法としては、植物成長促進剤を植物に散布する方法、植物成長促進剤を植物栽培の用土に混合する方法などが挙げられる。植物成長促進剤は植物に経葉吸収させてもよく、経根吸収させてもよい。植物成長促進剤の植物への適用方法としては、植物成長促進剤を植物の葉面に散布する方法が好ましい。 Examples of methods for applying a plant growth promoter to plants include a method of spraying a plant growth promoter on plants, a method of mixing a plant growth promoter with soil for plant cultivation, and the like. The plant growth promoter may be absorbed into the plant through the leaves or through the roots. As a method for applying the plant growth promoter to a plant, a method of spraying the plant growth promoter on the leaf surface of the plant is preferable.
　植物成長促進剤を植物に散布する場合、植物成長促進剤は植物が苗の段階から定期的に散布を行うことが好ましく、着果後収穫までに行うことがより好ましい。植物成長促進剤は植物個体全体に散布することが好ましく、中でも植物個体の葉部分に散布することが好ましく、葉の両面に散布することがより好ましい。散布は、植物成長促進剤を、植物の苗の段階から収穫までに、少なくとも１回行なえばよく、２回以上行なうことが好ましく、３回以上行なうことがより好ましい。 When spraying a plant growth promoter on a plant, the plant growth promoter is preferably sprayed regularly from the seedling stage of the plant, more preferably after harvesting until harvest. The plant growth promoter is preferably applied to the whole plant individual, more preferably applied to the leaf portion of the plant individual, and more preferably applied to both sides of the leaf. The spraying may be performed at least once from the plant seedling stage to the harvest, and the spraying is preferably performed twice or more, more preferably three times or more.
　植物栽培方法および尻腐れ病の改善及び／または予防方法に用いられるリン酸化オリゴ糖多価金属塩は、リン酸化オリゴ糖カルシウム塩であることが好ましく、リン酸化オリゴ糖カルシウム塩を散布する場合は、濃度が１．００ｇ／Ｌ以上４．００ｇ／Ｌ以下のリン酸化オリゴ糖カルシウム塩を含む水溶液を散布することが好ましい。散布時の水溶液のリン酸化オリゴ糖カルシウム塩の濃度は１．００ｇ／Ｌ以上であることが好ましく、１．５０ｇ／Ｌ以上であることがより好ましく、１．８０ｇ／Ｌ以上であることがさらに好ましい。また、散布時の水溶液のリン酸化オリゴ糖カルシウム塩の濃度は４．００ｇ／Ｌ以下であることが好ましく、３．５０ｇ／Ｌ以下であることがより好ましく、３．００ｇ／Ｌ以下であることがさらに好ましく、２．５０ｇ／Ｌ以下であることが特に好ましい。具体的には、散布に用いられるリン酸化オリゴ糖カルシウム塩を含む水溶液の濃度は、１．００ｇ／Ｌ以上４．００ｇ／Ｌ以下、１．００ｇ／Ｌ以上３．５０ｇ／Ｌ以下、１．００ｇ／Ｌ以上３．００ｇ／Ｌ以下、１．００ｇ／Ｌ以上２．５０ｇ／Ｌ以下、１．５０ｇ／Ｌ以上４．００ｇ／Ｌ以下、１．５０ｇ／Ｌ以上３．５０ｇ／Ｌ以下、１．５０ｇ／Ｌ以上３．００ｇ／Ｌ以下、１．５０ｇ／Ｌ以上２．５０ｇ／Ｌ以下、１．７０ｇ／Ｌ以上４．００ｇ／Ｌ以下、１．７０ｇ／Ｌ以上３．５０ｇ／Ｌ以下、１．７０ｇ／Ｌ以上３．００ｇ／Ｌ以下、１．７０ｇ／Ｌ以上２．５０ｇ／Ｌ以下、１．８０ｇ／Ｌ以上４．００ｇ／Ｌ以下、１．８０ｇ／Ｌ以上３．５０ｇ／Ｌ以下、１．８０ｇ／Ｌ以上３．００ｇ／Ｌ以下、または１．８０ｇ／Ｌ以上２．５０ｇ／Ｌ以下であることが好ましい。 The phosphorylated oligosaccharide polyvalent metal salt used in the plant cultivation method and the method for improving and / or preventing the rot of rot is preferably a phosphorylated oligosaccharide calcium salt, and when spraying the phosphorylated oligosaccharide calcium salt It is preferable to spray an aqueous solution containing a phosphorylated oligosaccharide calcium salt having a concentration of 1.00 g / L or more and 4.00 g / L or less. The concentration of the phosphorylated oligosaccharide calcium salt in the aqueous solution at the time of spraying is preferably 1.00 g / L or more, more preferably 1.50 g / L or more, and further preferably 1.80 g / L or more. preferable. The concentration of the phosphorylated oligosaccharide calcium salt in the aqueous solution at the time of spraying is preferably 4.00 g / L or less, more preferably 3.50 g / L or less, and 3.00 g / L or less. Is more preferable, and it is especially preferable that it is 2.50 g / L or less. Specifically, the concentration of the aqueous solution containing the phosphorylated oligosaccharide calcium salt used for spraying is 1.00 g / L or more and 4.00 g / L or less, 1.00 g / L or more and 3.50 g / L or less. 00 g / L to 3.00 g / L, 1.00 g / L to 2.50 g / L, 1.50 g / L to 4.00 g / L, 1.50 g / L to 3.50 g / L, 1.50 g / L to 3.00 g / L, 1.50 g / L to 2.50 g / L, 1.70 g / L to 4.00 g / L, 1.70 g / L to 3.50 g / L 1.70 g / L to 3.00 g / L, 1.70 g / L to 2.50 g / L, 1.80 g / L to 4.00 g / L, 1.80 g / L to 3.50 g / L or less, 1.80 g / L or more and 3.00 g / L or less, or 1.80 g / L It is preferably less than 2.50 g / L.
　リン酸化オリゴ糖多価金属塩が適用される植物は、農作物や草花といった植物全般であればよいが、中でも果実植物であることが好ましい。すなわち、本発明の植物栽培方法は、果実植物栽培方法であることが好ましい。果実植物としては、好ましくはナス科植物が挙げられ、より好ましくはナス属、トウガラシ属が挙げられ、例えば、ナス属トマト、ナス、トウガラシ属ピーマン、パプリカ等を挙げることができる。 The plant to which the phosphorylated oligosaccharide polyvalent metal salt is applied may be any plant such as agricultural crops and flowers, but is preferably a fruit plant. That is, the plant cultivation method of the present invention is preferably a fruit plant cultivation method. The fruit plant is preferably a solanaceous plant, more preferably a genus of eggplant or capsicum, and examples thereof include eggplant genus tomato, eggplant, capsicum pepper and paprika.
　以下に実施例と比較例を挙げて本発明の特徴をさらに具体的に説明する。以下の実施例に示す材料、使用量、割合、処理内容、処理手順等は、本発明の趣旨を逸脱しない限り適宜変更することができる。したがって、本発明の範囲は以下に示す具体例により限定的に解釈されるべきものではない。 Hereinafter, the features of the present invention will be described more specifically with reference to examples and comparative examples. The materials, amounts used, ratios, processing details, processing procedures, and the like shown in the following examples can be changed as appropriate without departing from the spirit of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of the present invention should not be construed as being limited by the specific examples shown below.
（実施例１）
　黒ポリポットにトマトの種子（販売会社：タキイ種苗株式会社、品種：桃太郎）を播種した。その後、成長が同程度の５苗を選別し、ビニールハウス内のワグネルポット（１／２０００ａ）に定植した。ワグネルポット内の用土には、尻腐れ病が発生しやすい条件となるよう、カルシウム肥料を半減した元肥を混合した。なお、ワグネルポット（１２Ｌ）内の用土の内訳は以下の通りとした。赤玉細粒（鹿沼市産）１１．２Ｌ、ココピート　１ｋｇ、バーク堆肥　１６０ｇ、苦土石灰　１１．２ｇ、リンスター３０　４．８ｇ、エコロング４１３　１１．２ｇ、高度石灰（Ｎ／Ｐ／Ｋ＝１４％／１４％／１４％）１１．２ｇ、オルトラン粒剤　０．４８ｇ Example 1
Tomato seeds (sales company: Takii Seed Co., Ltd., variety: Momotaro) were sown in a black polypot. Thereafter, 5 seedlings with similar growth were selected and planted in Wagner pots (1 / 2000a) in a greenhouse. The soil in the Wagner pot was mixed with the original fertilizer with half of the calcium fertilizer so that the bottom rot easily occurred. The breakdown of the soil in the Wagner pot (12L) was as follows. Akadama fine grain (produced by Kanuma City) 11.2L, Cocopaste 1kg, Bark Compost 160g, Boulder Lime 11.2g, Linster 30 4.8g, Eco Long 413 11.2g, Advanced Lime (N / P / K = 14%) / 14% / 14%) 11.2 g, ortholan granules 0.48 g
　定植後、リン酸化オリゴ糖カルシウム塩（江崎グリコ株式会社製、ＰＯｓ－Ｃａ　５０）の濃度が１．８３ｇ／Ｌとなるように調製した溶液（リン酸化オリゴ糖カルシウム塩含有溶液）をトマトの苗の全体に散布（噴霧）した。なお、リン酸化オリゴ糖カルシウム塩含有溶液の散布は、第一花房、第二花房が着果した時点で開始し、毎週行い、第三花房を収穫する時点で散布を終了し解析を行った。リン酸化オリゴ糖カルシウム塩含有溶液の散布は電気式噴霧器を用い、植物個体全体から溶液が滴る程度の量を全ての個体に散布した。このようにして、トマト果実の栽培を行った。 After planting, a solution (phosphorylated oligosaccharide calcium salt-containing solution) prepared so that the concentration of phosphorylated oligosaccharide calcium salt (POs-Ca 50, manufactured by Ezaki Glico Co., Ltd.) is 1.83 g / L The whole was sprayed (sprayed). In addition, the dispersion | distribution of the phosphorylated oligosaccharide calcium salt containing solution was started at the time when the first and second inflorescences reached fruit, and was performed every week. The phosphorylated oligosaccharide calcium salt-containing solution was sprayed using an electric sprayer and sprayed to all individuals in such an amount that the solution dripped from the whole plant. Thus, the tomato fruit was cultivated.
（実施例２）
　濃度が１．８３ｇ／Ｌのリン酸化オリゴ糖カルシウム塩含有溶液に代えて、濃度が２．２９ｇ／Ｌのリン酸化オリゴ糖カルシウム塩含有溶液を同様に散布した以外は実施例１と同様にしてトマト果実の栽培を行った。 (Example 2)
Instead of the phosphorylated oligosaccharide calcium salt-containing solution having a concentration of 1.83 g / L, a phosphorylated oligosaccharide calcium salt-containing solution having a concentration of 2.29 g / L was sprayed in the same manner as in Example 1. Tomato fruit was cultivated.
（実施例３）
　濃度が１．８３ｇ／Ｌのリン酸化オリゴ糖カルシウム塩含有溶液に代えて、濃度が３．４４ｇ／Ｌのリン酸化オリゴ糖カルシウム塩含有溶液を同様に散布した以外は実施例１と同様にしてトマト果実の栽培を行った。 (Example 3)
Instead of the phosphorylated oligosaccharide calcium salt-containing solution having a concentration of 1.83 g / L, a phosphorylated oligosaccharide calcium salt-containing solution having a concentration of 3.44 g / L was sprayed in the same manner as in Example 1. Tomato fruit was cultivated.
（比較例１）
　リン酸化オリゴ糖カルシウム塩含有溶液に代えて、水を同様に散布したことと、定植した苗を６苗としたこと以外は実施例１と同様にしてトマト果実の栽培を行った。 (Comparative Example 1)
Instead of the phosphorylated oligosaccharide calcium salt-containing solution, tomato fruits were cultivated in the same manner as in Example 1 except that water was sprayed in the same manner and that six seedlings were planted.
（参考例１）
　リン酸化オリゴ糖カルシウム塩含有溶液に代えて、カルシウムエキス（アミノエール化学研究所製）を２．２９ｇ／Ｌとなるように調製した溶液を同様に散布した以外は実施例１と同様にしてトマト果実の栽培を行った。 (Reference Example 1)
Instead of the phosphorylated oligosaccharide calcium salt-containing solution, the tomatoes were prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that a solution prepared so that the calcium extract (manufactured by Aminoale Chemical Laboratories) was 2.29 g / L was sprayed in the same manner. Growing fruit.
（評価）
＜尻腐れ確認＞
　尻腐れはトマト果実が生育する過程で生じるものである。花弁離脱時に離脱部（いわゆるトマト果実の尻部）が褐変している場合に尻腐れと判断した。
　実施例、比較例及び参考例の各個体の第１花房～第３花房の着果数の合計数と、尻腐れ数の合計数を出し、尻腐れ率（％）を以下の式から算出した。
　尻腐れ率（％）＝尻腐れ数の合計数／着果数の合計数×１００ (Evaluation)
<Confirmation of buttocks rot>
Butt rot occurs in the process of tomato fruit growth. When the detached part (so-called tomato fruit butt) was browned at the time of petal detachment, it was judged as rot.
The total number of fruits and the number of buttocks rot of the first to third inflorescences of each individual of the Examples, Comparative Examples and Reference Examples were calculated, and the buttocks rot rate (%) was calculated from the following formula. .
Butt rot rate (%) = total number of buttocks rot / total number of fruits x 100
Figure JPOXMLDOC01-appb-T000001
Figure JPOXMLDOC01-appb-T000001
　比較例に比べ実施例では、尻腐れ率の低下が見られる。なお、参考例においても尻腐れ率の低下が見られるが、参考例で用いた溶液に含まれる補助剤は化学肥料であって食品素材として用いられていないものである。 In comparison with the comparative example, the example shows a decrease in the rot of the bottom. In addition, although the fall of a hip rot rate is seen also in a reference example, the adjuvant contained in the solution used in the reference example is a chemical fertilizer and is not used as a food material.
＜１果実あたりの平均質量および１苗あたりの平均収量増加の確認＞
　実施例１、比較例１、および参考例１について１果実あたりの平均質量および１苗あたりの平均収量を確認した。上記尻腐れ確認と同一の栽培区で実施した。
　それぞれの第一花房から第六花房のトマトを収穫した（収穫期間：２７日間）。各区の苗数、得られた果実数、１果実当たり平均質量（ｇ）および１苗当たり平均収量（ｇ）は、下記表２、図２および図３のとおりである。 <Confirmation of average mass per fruit and average yield increase per seedling>
For Example 1, Comparative Example 1, and Reference Example 1, the average mass per fruit and the average yield per seedling were confirmed. It was carried out in the same cultivation area as the above-mentioned rot check.
The tomatoes in the sixth floret were harvested from each first floret (harvest period: 27 days). The number of seedlings in each section, the number of fruits obtained, the average mass per fruit (g) and the average yield per seedling (g) are as shown in Table 2, FIG. 2 and FIG.
Figure JPOXMLDOC01-appb-T000002
Figure JPOXMLDOC01-appb-T000002
　リン酸化オリゴ糖カルシウムにより、１果実あたりの平均質量および１苗あたりの平均収量において増加傾向が確認された。 The phosphorylated oligosaccharide calcium showed an increasing tendency in the average mass per fruit and the average yield per seedling.

Claims (13)

  1. 　リン酸化オリゴ糖多価金属塩を有効成分として含む植物成長促進剤。 Plant growth promoter containing phosphorylated oligosaccharide polyvalent metal salt as an active ingredient.
  2. 　前記リン酸化オリゴ糖多価金属塩がリン酸化オリゴ糖カルシウム塩である請求項１に記載の植物成長促進剤。 The plant growth promoter according to claim 1, wherein the phosphorylated oligosaccharide polyvalent metal salt is a phosphorylated oligosaccharide calcium salt.
  3. 　１．００ｇ／Ｌ以上４．００ｇ／Ｌ以下のリン酸化オリゴ糖カルシウム塩を含む水溶液である請求項１又は２に記載の植物成長促進剤。 The plant growth promoter according to claim 1 or 2, which is an aqueous solution containing a phosphorylated oligosaccharide calcium salt of 1.00 g / L or more and 4.00 g / L or less.
  4. 　植物成長調整剤である請求項１～３のいずれか１項に記載の植物成長促進剤。 The plant growth promoter according to any one of claims 1 to 3, which is a plant growth regulator.
  5. 　尻腐れ病の改善および／または予防剤である請求項１～３のいずれか１項に記載の植物成長促進剤。 The plant growth promoter according to any one of claims 1 to 3, which is an agent for improving and / or preventing rot rot.
  6. 　請求項１～５のいずれか１項に記載の植物成長促進剤を含む植物栽培用組成物。 A plant cultivation composition comprising the plant growth promoter according to any one of claims 1 to 5.
  7. 　リン酸化オリゴ糖多価金属塩を植物に散布することを含む植物栽培方法。 Plant cultivation method including spraying phosphorylated oligosaccharide polyvalent metal salt on plants.
  8. 　前記リン酸化オリゴ糖多価金属塩がリン酸化オリゴ糖カルシウム塩である請求項７に記載の植物栽培方法。 The plant cultivation method according to claim 7, wherein the phosphorylated oligosaccharide polyvalent metal salt is a phosphorylated oligosaccharide calcium salt.
  9. 　前記リン酸化オリゴ糖多価金属塩が前記植物の葉面に散布される請求項７または８に記載の植物栽培方法。 The plant cultivation method according to claim 7 or 8, wherein the phosphorylated oligosaccharide polyvalent metal salt is sprayed on a leaf surface of the plant.
  10. 　濃度が１．００ｇ／Ｌ以上４．００ｇ／Ｌ以下のリン酸化オリゴ糖カルシウム塩を含む水溶液が散布される請求項９に記載の植物栽培方法。 The plant cultivation method according to claim 9, wherein an aqueous solution containing a phosphorylated oligosaccharide calcium salt having a concentration of 1.00 g / L or more and 4.00 g / L or less is sprayed.
  11. 　リン酸化オリゴ糖多価金属塩の尻腐れ病の改善および／または予防有効量を植物に適用することを含む尻腐れ病の改善および／または予防方法。 ¡A method for improving and / or preventing hip rot, which comprises applying an effective amount of the phosphorylated oligosaccharide polyvalent metal salt to the plant to improve and / or prevent hip rot.
  12. 　リン酸化オリゴ糖多価金属塩の植物成長促進のための使用。 Use of phosphorylated oligosaccharide polyvalent metal salt for promoting plant growth.
  13. 　リン酸化オリゴ糖多価金属塩の植物の尻腐れ病の改善および／または予防のための使用。 使用 Use of phosphorylated oligosaccharide polyvalent metal salt for improvement and / or prevention of plant rot.
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JP2009268463A (en) * 2008-04-09 2009-11-19 Ezaki Glico Co Ltd Bean sprout improved in palate feeling and storable duration

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JPH08104696A (en) * 1994-08-11 1996-04-23 Ezaki Glico Co Ltd Phosphorylated saccharide and production thereof
JP2000026183A (en) * 1998-07-08 2000-01-25 Kibun Food Chemifa Co Ltd Nitrate-state nitrogen concentration reducer
JP2007020567A (en) * 2005-06-16 2007-02-01 Oji Paper Co Ltd Phosphorylated saccharide composition and method for producing the same
JP2008273774A (en) * 2007-04-27 2008-11-13 Otsuka Chemical Co Ltd Fertilizer and cultivating method
JP2009268463A (en) * 2008-04-09 2009-11-19 Ezaki Glico Co Ltd Bean sprout improved in palate feeling and storable duration

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WO2020209231A1 (en) * 2019-04-06 2020-10-15 Ｏａｔアグリオ株式会社 Fruit blossom end rot-preventing agent comprising nitrophenol compound or salt thereof
JPWO2020209231A1 (en) * 2019-04-06 2021-11-25 Ｏａｔアグリオ株式会社 Fruit tail rot inhibitor containing nitrophenol compound or salt thereof
JP7102039B2 (en) 2019-04-06 2022-07-19 Ｏａｔアグリオ株式会社 Fruit tail rot inhibitor containing nitrophenol compound or salt thereof

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