WO2018058375A1 - 通信方法及终端 - Google Patents

通信方法及终端 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018058375A1
WO2018058375A1 PCT/CN2016/100600 CN2016100600W WO2018058375A1 WO 2018058375 A1 WO2018058375 A1 WO 2018058375A1 CN 2016100600 W CN2016100600 W CN 2016100600W WO 2018058375 A1 WO2018058375 A1 WO 2018058375A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
channel
terminal
indication information
information
sequence
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2016/100600
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
赵振山
Original Assignee
华为技术有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 华为技术有限公司 filed Critical 华为技术有限公司
Priority to EP16917130.3A priority Critical patent/EP3503640B1/en
Priority to PCT/CN2016/100600 priority patent/WO2018058375A1/zh
Priority to CN201680084631.3A priority patent/CN109155986B/zh
Publication of WO2018058375A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018058375A1/zh
Priority to US16/368,824 priority patent/US10932228B2/en

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W72/00—Local resource management
    • H04W72/02—Selection of wireless resources by user or terminal
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W72/00—Local resource management
    • H04W72/04—Wireless resource allocation
    • H04W72/044—Wireless resource allocation based on the type of the allocated resource
    • H04W72/0453—Resources in frequency domain, e.g. a carrier in FDMA
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W4/00—Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
    • H04W4/30—Services specially adapted for particular environments, situations or purposes
    • H04W4/40—Services specially adapted for particular environments, situations or purposes for vehicles, e.g. vehicle-to-pedestrians [V2P]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W88/00—Devices specially adapted for wireless communication networks, e.g. terminals, base stations or access point devices
    • H04W88/02—Terminal devices

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of communications technologies, and in particular, to a communication method and a terminal.
  • Intelligent Transportation Systems includes vehicle networking technologies such as vehicle communication and road communication.
  • Transmission technologies used by ITS include Dedicated Short Range Communication (DSRC) transmission technology and 4th generation Long Term Evolution-Vehicle (LTE-V) transmission technology.
  • LTE-V usually adopts a device-to-device (D2D) communication method to realize vehicle-to-vehicle communication and vehicle-to-vehicle communication.
  • D2D device-to-device
  • the ITS spectrum can be divided into multiple channels.
  • the 30MHz spectrum allocated in Europe can be divided into three 10MHz channels.
  • the 75MHz spectrum allocated in the United States can be divided into seven 10MHz channels (5MHz for guard bands), for different Channels can be divided into different priorities for different transmission technologies.
  • On a channel when a terminal with a lower priority transmission technology detects that a terminal with a higher priority transmission technology exists, a terminal with a lower priority transmission technology will adopt a avoidance or handover manner to avoid interference with a high priority technology. , switch to other channels for data transmission.
  • LTE-V terminals can detect the presence of DSRC terminals at the same time.
  • Some LTE-V users who can detect DSRC terminals switch to other channels, but LTE-V users who do not detect DSRC terminals are still present.
  • LTE-V transmission is performed on some channels.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an architecture of an existing D2D communication system.
  • V1 denotes a DSRC terminal
  • V2 and V3 denote LTE-V terminals.
  • the transmission priority of the DSRC technology is higher than the transmission priority of the LTE-V technology.
  • V1 and V2 can detect each other's existence, and V1 and V3 cannot detect each other because they are far apart.
  • V2 detects the presence of DSRC terminal V1 on channel 1
  • V2 will evade and cut Switch to channel 2 for data transmission.
  • V3 does not detect the existence of V1, so it still transmits on channel 1. If V2 and V3 only have the receiving capability of one channel, it will cause the interruption of V2 and V3 communication.
  • some LTE-V terminals can detect DSRC terminals, and some LTE-V terminals cannot detect DSRC terminals, causing them to perform LTE-V communication on different channels.
  • the LTE-V terminal detects the DSRC terminal on channel 1, it will switch to channel 2, but when there is no DSRC terminal on channel 1, there is how to make the LTE-V terminal on channel 2 switch back to channel 1
  • the embodiment of the invention relates to a communication method and a terminal, which solves the problem that the LTE-V terminal that does not detect the DSRC terminal in the prior art and the LTE-V terminal that detects the DSRC terminal communicate on different channels, and solves the problem on the original channel.
  • the LTE-V terminal switches back to the original channel.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides a communication method, where the method includes:
  • the first terminal receives the first information on the first channel, where the first information carries a first sequence of at least one second terminal, where the first terminal supports the first transmission technology, and the second terminal supports the second a first sequence of the second terminal is used to indicate that the first channel is used by a terminal that supports the second transmission technology; the first terminal determines first indication information according to the first sequence; Transmitting, by the first terminal, the first indication information, the first finger, on the first channel The indication information is used to indicate that the first channel is used by a terminal supporting the second transmission technology.
  • the first terminal of the second terminal is detected, and the first indication information is sent on the first channel.
  • the terminal that supports the first transmission technology detects the first indication information
  • the other terminal that supports the first transmission technology switches to the first Two channels for data transmission. Resolving the limitation of the distance and the like, the terminal having the same transmission technology as that used by the first terminal cannot detect that the first channel is used by the terminal supporting the second transmission technology, and the handover cannot be completed. It is avoided that the two transmission technologies generate interference on the first channel, and avoid the problem of transmission interruption or high power consumption between terminals supporting the first transmission technology caused by the terminal that supports the first transmission technology cannot be completely switched.
  • the first terminal may send the first indication information on the first channel by means of a broadcast.
  • the other terminal may receive the first indication information on the first channel, and the terminal that is the same as the transmission technology used by the first terminal may identify the first indication information sent by the first terminal.
  • the method before the first terminal determines the first indication information according to the first sequence, the method further includes the following steps: the first terminal determines the first received in a preset time The number of sequences exceeds a preset threshold, and the number of the first sequence is used to indicate the number of the second terminals.
  • the number of the second terminals exceeds a preset threshold, and to some extent, the proportion of terminals that support the second transmission technology occupying the first channel exceeds a certain threshold.
  • the first terminal detects that the proportion of the second terminal occupying the first channel exceeds a threshold, the first indication information is sent on the first channel.
  • Channel resources can be used more rationally.
  • the preset time is a base station configuration or pre-configured.
  • the preset threshold is a base station configuration or pre-configured.
  • the first terminal uses a second channel for data transmission, and the first channel and the second channel are different from each other.
  • the first terminal that detects the terminal supporting the second transmission technology on the first channel switches to the second channel for data transmission. Avoid the interference of two transmission technologies on the first channel question.
  • a threshold may be set, when the number of the first sequence received in the preset time exceeds a preset threshold, the first terminal sends the first indication information on the first channel, and the second terminal uses the second The channel performs data transmission.
  • the first terminal sends the indication information by using a reserved resource of the first channel.
  • the first indication information is a side-line synchronization sequence of the first channel
  • the first terminal sends the first indication information on the first channel, including: A terminal transmits the synchronization sequence on the first channel.
  • the first indication information is at least one bit in side broadcast information of the first channel; the first terminal sends the first indication information on the first channel, The method includes: the first terminal transmitting the at least one bit on the first channel.
  • the demodulation reference signal of the physical side row broadcast channel of the first channel includes the first indication information; the first terminal sends the first indication information on the first channel, including The first terminal transmits the demodulation reference signal on the first channel.
  • the demodulation reference signal of the time-frequency resource of the first channel includes the first indication information
  • the first terminal sends the first indication information on the first channel, including: The first terminal transmits the demodulation reference signal on the first channel.
  • the first indication information is at least one of the time-frequency resources of the first channel
  • the first terminal sends the first indication information on the first channel, including: The first terminal sends the at least one data packet on the first channel.
  • the first sequence includes one or more of the following: a preamble sequence, a synchronization signal sequence, and a reference signal sequence.
  • the reserved resource is a channel for transmitting the first indication information, so that the terminal supporting the first transmission technology can determine whether the first channel is supported by the first indication information of the reserved resource on the first channel.
  • the terminal used by the transmission technology can be adjusted according to actual needs.
  • the first terminal periodically receives the first information on the first channel.
  • the reserved resource is a pre-configured resource or a resource configured by a base station.
  • terminal-to-terminal communication is performed on the first channel or the second channel between multiple terminals supporting the first transmission technology or multiple terminals supporting the second transmission technology.
  • the first transmission technology and the second transmission technology have different transmission priorities on the first channel.
  • the first transmission technology is a car network LTE-V transmission technology
  • the second transmission technology is a dedicated short-range communication DSRC technology.
  • the LTE-V transmission technology has a lower transmission priority than the DSRC transmission technology.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides a communication method, where the method includes:
  • the third terminal receives the first information on the first channel, where the first information carries the first indication information, where the third terminal supports the first transmission technology, and the first indication information is used to indicate the first
  • the channel is used by a terminal supporting the second transmission technology; the third terminal determines that the first channel is used by a terminal supporting the second transmission technology; and the third terminal forwards the first on the first channel Instructions.
  • the second terminal that detects the first indication information forwards the indication information on the first channel. After detecting the first indication information by the terminal supporting the first transmission technology that may be further away, determining, according to the first indication information, that the first channel is used by the terminal supporting the second type of transmission technology, and switching to the second channel Data transfer. Resolving the limitation of the distance and the like, the terminal having the same transmission technology as that used by the third terminal cannot detect that the first channel is used by the terminal supporting the second transmission technology, and the handover cannot be completed. Avoid interference between the two transmission technologies on the first channel, and avoid the support The terminal holding the first transmission technology cannot completely switch the transmission interruption or high power consumption between the terminals supporting the first transmission technology.
  • the third terminal uses a second channel for data transmission, and the first channel and the second channel are different from each other.
  • the third terminal that detects the first indication information switches to the second channel for data transmission. Avoid the problem of interference between the two transmission technologies on the first channel.
  • the third terminal forwards the indication information by using a reserved resource of the first channel, where the third terminal receives the first indication information and a forwarding station on the first channel.
  • the resources used for the first indication information are different.
  • the first indication information is a sidelink synchronization sequence of the first channel
  • the first terminal forwards the first indication information on the first channel, including: A terminal forwards the synchronization sequence on the first channel.
  • the first indication information is at least one bit in side broadcast information of the first channel; the first terminal forwards the first indication information on the first channel, The method includes: the first terminal forwarding the at least one bit on the first channel.
  • the demodulation reference signal of the physical side row broadcast channel of the first channel includes the first indication information; the first terminal forwards the first indication information on the first channel, including The first terminal forwards the demodulation reference signal on the first channel.
  • the demodulation reference signal of the time-frequency resource of the first channel includes the first indication information
  • the first terminal forwards the first indication information on the first channel, including: The first terminal forwards the demodulation reference signal on the first channel.
  • the first indication information is at least one of the time-frequency resources of the first channel
  • the first terminal forwarding the first indication information on the first channel, including: The first terminal forwards the at least one data packet on the first channel.
  • the third terminal periodically receives the first information on the first channel.
  • the reserved resource is a pre-configured resource or a resource configured by a base station.
  • the first transmission technology and the second transmission technology have different transmission priorities on the first channel.
  • the first transmission technology is a car network LTE-V transmission technology
  • the second transmission technology is a dedicated short-range communication DSRC technology.
  • the LTE-V transmission technology has a lower transmission priority than the DSRC transmission technology.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides a communication method, where the method includes:
  • the fourth terminal receives the first information on the first channel, the first information does not carry the first sequence of the second terminal, and the first information does not carry the first indication information, where the fourth terminal supports a first transmission technology, the second terminal supports a second transmission technology, and the first sequence of the second terminal is used to indicate that the first channel is used by a terminal that supports the second transmission technology, where the first The indication information is used to indicate that the first channel is used by a terminal supporting the second transmission technology; the fourth terminal determines that the first channel is not used by a terminal that supports the second transmission technology; The fourth terminal uses the first channel for data transmission.
  • the terminal supporting the first transmission technology does not determine that the first channel is not supported by the terminal of the second transmission technology when the first channel detects the first sequence of the second terminal or does not detect the first indication information. Use, continue to use the first channel for data transmission. Or the terminal supporting the first transmission technology after switching to the second channel does not detect the first sequence of the second terminal or the first indication information is not detected on the first channel, and switches back to the first channel for data transmission.
  • the embodiment of the invention improves the switching problem between terminals supporting different transmission technologies, effectively improves the capacity of the communication system, and improves the utilization of the channel.
  • the fourth terminal periodically receives the first information on the first channel.
  • the first transmission technology and the second transmission technology have different transmission priorities on the first channel.
  • the first transmission technology is a car network LTE-V transmission technology
  • the second transmission technology is a dedicated short-range communication DSRC technology.
  • the LTE-V transmission technology has a lower transmission priority than the DSRC transmission technology.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides a terminal, where the terminal includes: a receiving unit, a determining unit, and a sending unit.
  • a receiving unit configured to receive first information, where the first information carries a first sequence of at least one second terminal, where the terminal supports a first transmission technology, and the second terminal supports a second a first sequence of the second terminal is used to indicate that the first channel is used by a terminal that supports the second transmission technology; and a determining unit is configured to determine first indication information according to the first sequence; And a sending unit, configured to send the first indication information on the first channel, where the first indication information is used to indicate that the first channel is used by a terminal that supports the second transmission technology.
  • the determining unit is further configured to determine that the number of the first sequence received by the receiving unit exceeds a preset threshold within a preset time, and the number of the first sequence is used to indicate the The number of second terminals.
  • the preset time is a base station configuration or pre-configured.
  • the preset threshold is a base station configuration or pre-configured.
  • the receiving unit is further configured to receive information on a second channel
  • the sending unit is further configured to send information on the second channel, the first channel and the second channel.
  • the channels are different from each other.
  • the first indication information is a side-line synchronization sequence of the first channel
  • the sending unit is specifically configured to send the synchronization sequence on the first channel.
  • the first indication information is at least one bit in the side broadcast information of the first channel
  • the sending unit is specifically configured to send the at least one on the first channel. Bit.
  • the demodulation reference signal of the physical side row broadcast channel of the first channel includes the first indication information
  • the sending unit is specifically configured to send the demodulation reference on the first channel. signal.
  • the demodulation reference signal of the time-frequency resource of the first channel includes the first indication information
  • the sending unit is specifically configured to send the demodulation reference signal on the first channel.
  • the first indication information is at least one of the time-frequency resources of the first channel
  • the sending unit is specifically configured to send the at least one data packet on the first channel.
  • the first sequence includes one or more of the following: a preamble sequence, a synchronization signal sequence, and a reference signal sequence.
  • the receiving unit is specifically configured to periodically receive the first information on the first channel.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides a terminal, where the terminal includes: a receiving unit, a determining unit, and a sending unit.
  • a receiving unit configured to receive first information, where the first information carries first indication information, where the terminal supports a first transmission technology, where the first indication information is used to indicate the first a channel is used by a terminal that supports the second transmission technology; a determining unit, configured to determine that the first channel is used by a terminal that supports the second transmission technology; and a sending unit, configured to forward the first channel The first indication information.
  • the receiving unit is further configured to receive information on a second channel
  • the sending unit is further configured to send information on the second channel, the first channel and the second channel.
  • Letter The roads are different from each other.
  • the terminal receives the indication information on the first channel different from the resource used to forward the indication information.
  • the first indication information is a sidelink synchronization sequence of the first channel
  • the sending unit is specifically configured to forward the synchronization sequence on the first channel.
  • the first indication information is at least one bit in the side channel broadcast information of the first channel
  • the sending unit is specifically configured to forward the at least one on the first channel Bit.
  • the demodulation reference signal of the physical side row broadcast channel of the first channel includes the first indication information
  • the sending unit is specifically configured to forward the demodulation reference on the first channel. signal.
  • the demodulation reference signal of the time-frequency resource of the first channel includes the first indication information
  • the sending unit is specifically configured to forward the demodulation reference signal on the first channel.
  • the first indication information is at least one of the time-frequency resources of the first channel
  • the sending unit is specifically configured to forward the at least one data packet on the first channel.
  • the receiving unit is specifically configured to periodically receive the first information on the first channel.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides a terminal, where the terminal includes: a receiving unit, a determining unit, and a sending unit.
  • a receiving unit configured to receive the first information on the first channel, where the first information does not carry the first sequence of the second terminal, and the first information does not carry the first indication information, where the terminal supports a first transmission technology, the second terminal supports a second transmission technology, and the first sequence of the second terminal is used to indicate that the first channel is used by a terminal that supports the second transmission technology, where An indication information is used to indicate that the first channel is used by a terminal that supports the second transmission technology; and a determining unit is configured to determine that the first channel is not used by a terminal that supports the second transmission technology; And a unit, configured to perform data transmission by using the first channel.
  • the terminal supporting the first transmission technology does not determine that the first channel is not supported by the terminal of the second transmission technology when the first channel detects the first sequence of the second terminal or does not detect the first indication information. Use, continue to use the first channel for data transmission. Or the terminal supporting the first transmission technology after switching to the second channel does not detect the first sequence of the second terminal or the first indication information is not detected on the first channel, and switches back to the first channel for data transmission.
  • the embodiment of the invention improves the switching problem between terminals supporting different transmission technologies, effectively improves the capacity of the communication system, and improves the utilization of the channel.
  • the receiving unit periodically receives the first information on the first channel.
  • the first transmission technology and the second transmission technology have different transmission priorities on the first channel.
  • the first transmission technology is a car network LTE-V transmission technology
  • the second transmission technology is a dedicated short-range communication DSRC technology.
  • the LTE-V transmission technology has a lower transmission priority than the DSRC transmission technology.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides a communication method, where the method includes:
  • the base station receives, by the base station, information used by the terminal that is supported by the first terminal to be supported by the second transmission technology, where the first terminal supports the first transmission technology; and the base station determines that the first channel is supported by the second transmission technology
  • the base station is configured to support the terminal of the first transmission technology to perform data transmission by using a second channel, where the first channel and the second channel are different from each other.
  • the embodiment of the present invention implements a problem of switching between channels of terminals supporting different transmission technologies by means of configuration of a base station. The interference problem of different transmission technologies on the same channel is avoided.
  • the base station configuration when the base station does not receive the information that is used by the terminal that is supported by the first terminal and is supported by the second transmission technology, the base station configuration The terminal supporting the first transmission technology uses the first channel for data transmission.
  • the base station solves the problem that the first terminal switches back in time when the original channel does not have a terminal supporting the second transmission technology by using a preset time mechanism.
  • the problem of switching between channels supporting terminals with different transmission technologies is improved, the capacity of the communication system is effectively improved, and the utilization rate of the channel is improved.
  • the base station configures the first type of terminal to use the second channel for data transmission by means of one or more of radio resource control RRC, downlink control information DCI, and system information block SIB.
  • RRC radio resource control
  • DCI downlink control information
  • SIB system information block
  • the embodiment of the present invention provides a communication method and a terminal, which can avoid interference between different transmission technologies.
  • the DSRC transmission technology and the LTE-V transmission technology can coexist better, and the energy consumption of the D2D communication can be reduced, the capacity of the communication system can be improved, and the channel utilization rate can be improved.
  • 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an existing D2D communication system
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication system according to an implementation of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic flowchart of a communication method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • 4a is a schematic diagram of a terminal transmitting its own state information to other vehicles in the vicinity by mode in a mode 1;
  • 4b is a schematic diagram of the terminal transmitting its own state information to other vehicles in the vicinity by mode in the mode 2;
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a terminal according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of another terminal architecture according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic flowchart of another communication method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of still another terminal architecture according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of still another terminal architecture according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic flowchart of still another communication method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of still another terminal architecture according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of still another terminal architecture according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic flowchart of still another communication method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 14 is a schematic structural diagram of another communication system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the network architecture and the service scenario described in the embodiments of the present invention are used to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, and do not constitute a limitation of the technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present invention.
  • the technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present invention are equally applicable to similar technical problems.
  • a base station according to an embodiment of the present invention is a device deployed in a radio access network to provide a wireless communication function for a terminal. It has a management function of wireless resources, communicates with the terminal, or acts as a central controller to assist direct communication between terminals.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the technology described in this embodiment of the present invention may be applicable to a Long Term Evolution (LTE) system, or other wireless communication system using various radio access technologies, for example, using code division multiple access, frequency division multiple access, and time division multiple access.
  • LTE Long Term Evolution
  • a system of orthogonal frequency division multiple access, single carrier frequency division multiple access and other access technologies can also be applied to the subsequent evolution system using the LTE system, such as the fifth generation 5G system and the like.
  • LTE Long Term Evolution
  • the communication method provided by the embodiment of the present invention is applicable to a car network system, or a D2D system, with or without base station participation.
  • the terminal involved in the embodiments of the present invention may include various in-vehicle devices having wireless communication functions or other processing devices connected to the wireless modem. These include, but are not limited to, vehicles, handheld devices, devices that can communicate with base station devices, or that communicate directly with other terminals. For convenience of description, in the embodiment of the present invention, the devices mentioned above are collectively referred to as terminals.
  • the terminal can use two transmission technologies for mutual data transmission: LTE-V or DSRC transmission technology.
  • the terminal can be divided into: a first type terminal and a second type terminal according to the supported transmission technology.
  • An embodiment of the present invention provides a communication method and terminal.
  • the first type of terminal and the second type of terminal perform data transmission through a plurality of shared channels, and the multiple channels include the first channel and the second channel as an example for description.
  • the first type of terminal supports the first transmission technology, and the second type of terminal supports the second type of transmission technology.
  • the first type of terminal receives the first information on the first channel, and when the first information carries the first indication information or the first sequence of the at least one second type of terminal, the first type of terminal determines that the first channel is supported by the first
  • the second type of terminal uses the second channel for data transmission.
  • the first sequence of the second type of terminal or the first indication information is used to indicate that the first channel is used by a terminal supporting the second transmission technology.
  • the transmission priorities of the transmission technologies supported by the first type of terminal and the second type of terminal on different channels may be different.
  • One of the first type of terminals transmits the first indication information on the first channel when the first channel detects the first sequence of the at least one second terminal, and one of the first type of terminals Use other channels for data transmission.
  • the other of the first type of terminals detects the first indication information on the first channel, and the other of the first type of terminals forwards the first indication information on the first channel, and the other of the first type of terminals uses other channels for data transmission. .
  • the transmission technology to be used is different on the first channel.
  • Terminals are assigned to different channels to avoid interference between different transmission technologies.
  • the embodiment of the present invention may not specifically limit the transmission priority of the first transmission technology used by the first type terminal and the second transmission technology used by the second type terminal. For example, when the transmission priorities of the first transmission technology and the second transmission technology are different on the first channel, one type of terminal detects at least one first sequence of another type of terminal on the first channel or detects that another type is prompted. When the terminal has the indication information, one of the terminals will use the second channel for data transmission.
  • the indication information indicating that another type of terminal exists may be sent by a terminal that detects at least one other terminal sequence of any one of the types of terminals, and any one of the terminals that receive the indication information forwards the
  • the indication information is such that the first type of terminal further away from the terminal receives the indication information, and performs channel switching according to the indication information.
  • the sequence of the terminal is used to indicate that the terminal supporting the same transmission technology as the terminal uses the first channel.
  • the communication method provided by the embodiment of the present invention belongs to D2D communication.
  • D2D communication can communicate without directly requiring the relay of the base station, and the base station can perform resource configuration, scheduling, coordination, etc., and directly communicate with the auxiliary terminals.
  • D2D technology is the transmission of data in the form of broadcast, including two characteristics: discovery and communication. Discovery is the periodic broadcast information of the terminal, so that users around him can detect the information and discover the user; Communication is the direct transmission of data between the two terminals.
  • the ITS-D2D communication is limited by the distance, and according to the transmission characteristic of the D2D communication, one of the first types of terminals detecting the first sequence of the at least one second type terminal on the first channel is sent on the first channel. Instructions. Other terminals in the first type of terminal may receive and identify the indication information sent by the first terminal on the first channel. In addition, after the second terminal identifies the indication information, the indication information is forwarded, so that other first-type terminals that cannot detect the second-type terminal determine that the second-type terminal uses the first channel according to the indication information, thereby making the first A type of terminal switches to the second channel for data transmission according to the first sequence of at least one second type of terminal detected on the first channel or the indication information.
  • the present invention applies the first transmission technology and the second transmission technology to the first channel or the second signal.
  • the transmission priority of the channel is not specifically limited. Can be adjusted according to actual needs.
  • the embodiments of the present invention are directed to enable terminals supporting different transmission technologies to use different channels for data transmission, avoid interference between different transmission technologies, and avoid interruption of transmission between the first type of terminals caused by the failure of all types of terminals to be switched. High energy consumption issues.
  • the communication method provided by the embodiment of the present invention can overcome the limitation of the distance or other circumstances in the D2D communication, and the first type terminal can not detect the existence of the second type terminal in the first channel.
  • the communication method provided by the embodiment of the present invention can enable terminals supporting different transmission technologies to coexist better on multiple shared channels, and better avoid interference between different transmission technologies.
  • the first type of terminal may be an LTE-V terminal using an LTE-V transmission technology
  • the second type of terminal may be a DSRC terminal using a DSRC transmission technology.
  • the LTE-V terminal and the DSRC terminal have different transmission priorities on the first channel. For example, the LTE-V terminal has a lower transmission priority on the first channel than the DSRC terminal.
  • the LTE-V terminal detects the presence of the DRSC channel on the first channel, the LTE-V terminal switches to the second channel for data transmission, and the LTE-V terminal sends indication information on the first channel, for indicating that the first A DSRC terminal is detected on the channel.
  • the other LTE-Vs receive the indication information on the first channel
  • the other LTE-V terminals forward the indication information on the first channel, and switch to the second channel for data transmission.
  • C1 represents a second type of terminal (DSRC terminal), and C2, C3, and C4 represent a first type of terminal (LTE-V terminal).
  • C2 which is closest to C1 receives the information of channel 1, and detects that the information of channel 1 carries at least one first sequence of C1, it is determined that there is a DSRC terminal on channel 1, that is, there is a DSRC transmission technology on channel 1.
  • C2 transmits indication information on the reserved resource of channel 1, indicating that a DSRC terminal exists on channel 1, and C2 switches to channel 2 Data transfer.
  • the predetermined threshold may be one.
  • C3 receiving channel 1 near C2, identifying the indication information sent by C2, determining that there is a DSRC terminal on channel 1, C3 forwards the indication information on the reserved resource of channel 1, and C3 switches to channel 2 for data transmission. .
  • C4 receiving the indication information forwarded by C3 The indication information continues to be forwarded, and C4 switches to channel 2 for data transmission.
  • the LTE-V terminal after detecting the DSRC terminal on the first channel, the LTE-V terminal sends indication information indicating that the DSRC uses the first channel for data transmission on the first channel to the other LTE-V terminal.
  • the other LTE-V terminal After receiving the indication information on the first channel, the other LTE-V terminal forwards the indication information, so that the DSRC terminal is detected on the first channel or the LTE-V terminal that detects the indication information is switched to the first Two channels for data transmission. Therefore, the LTE-V terminal that does not detect the DSRC terminal can perform channel switching by using the indication information, so that the DSRC terminal and the LTE-V terminal coexist better, and low-energy and high-efficiency data transmission is realized.
  • the first type of terminal includes a first terminal, a third terminal, and a fourth terminal
  • the second type of terminal includes a second terminal as an example for description.
  • the first terminal receives the first information carrying the first sequence of the at least one second terminal on the first channel, sends the first indication information on the first channel, and switches to the second channel for data transmission.
  • FIG. 3 is a flowchart of a communication method according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 3, the embodiment specifically includes the following steps:
  • Step S101 The first terminal receives the first information on the first channel, where the first information carries a first sequence of at least one second terminal, where the first terminal supports the first transmission technology, and the second terminal Supporting a second transmission technique, the first sequence of the second terminal is used to indicate that the first channel is used by a terminal supporting the second transmission technology.
  • an LTE-V system there are usually two ways of communicating between a vehicle and other nodes.
  • the vehicle broadcasts its own status information to other vehicles in the vicinity, and does not require the base station to forward data. This communication method is similar to the LTE-D2D system.
  • the information of the vehicle is forwarded by the base station, and the vehicle first transmits the status information to the base station, and the base station transmits the data to other vehicles or nodes by means of unicast or broadcast.
  • the communication method of the LTE-D2D system is described in detail below to describe the communication method provided by the embodiment of the present invention.
  • SA scheduling allocation
  • Data data
  • the SA scheduling allocation information is used to indicate status information of data sent from the originating end, including time resource pattern (T-RPT) information of the data, and Modulation and Coding Scheme (MCS). ) information, frequency hopping indication, timing advance information, receiving group ID information, and the like.
  • T-RPT indicates the time resource occupied by the corresponding data part, that is, in which subframe the data part is transmitted.
  • MCS Modulation and Coding Scheme
  • the receiving end can receive the service data according to the indication of the SA.
  • Data Data, the sender sends the service data in the format indicated by the SA at the time-frequency resource location indicated by the SA. If the terminal of the D2D is within the coverage of the cell, the base station allocates a transmission resource pool for the D2D terminal for data transmission by the D2D terminal.
  • the resource pool is a set of transmission resources, and is time-frequency resource information configured by the base station for D2D transmission.
  • the base station can be configured with different resource pools, such as a discovery resource pool, an SA resource pool, and a data resource pool.
  • the SA resource pool and the data resource pool of the D2D system are time-division, and the SA resource pool is in front of the data resource pool, and the transmission resource used by the data is indicated by the SA.
  • Vehicle to Vehicle (V2V) in the Internet of Vehicles also adopts D2D communication.
  • the SA resource pool and the data resource pool may be frequency-divided, that is, the SA and the data occupy different frequency domain resources in the same subframe.
  • the terminal transmits or listens to signals in the corresponding resource pool according to the resource pool information broadcasted by the base station, thereby implementing D2D transmission.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a terminal transmitting its own state information to other vehicles in the vicinity by means of a broadcast according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the communication part is further divided into two working modes, mode 1 (Fig. 4a) and mode 2 (Fig. 4b).
  • the terminal (such as a vehicle) transmits data by means of D2D broadcasting, and data can be transmitted by mode 1 or mode 2.
  • mode 1 the base station allocates the determined time-frequency resource to each D2D terminal for the D2D transmission of the terminal.
  • the “D2D-SA-grant” indicates that the base station allocates the determined SA resource to the terminal, “D2D”.
  • -data-grant Indicates that the base station allocates the determined data resource to the terminal.
  • the terminal autonomously selects the SA resource in a random or intercepted manner in the SA resource pool, and selects the data resource for D2D transmission in a random or intercepted manner in the data resource pool, and “SA+data” indicates that the SA is used. Data resources are used for D2D data transmission.
  • the receiving terminal blindly detects the SA in the resource pool of the SA, and then detects the data by using the data time-frequency resource information indicated in the SA to the corresponding resource in the data resource pool.
  • the maximum number of times that the terminal blindly detects the SA in each subframe of the D2D system has an upper limit.
  • the first terminal may request the base station to allocate the determined time-frequency resource transmission indication information in the resource pool on the first channel.
  • the first terminal may also select the SA resource in a random or intercepted manner in the SA resource pool by using the mode 2, and select the data resource sending indication information in a random or intercepted manner in the data resource pool.
  • other terminals supporting the first transmission technology can also transmit related information on the first channel by mode 1 or mode 2. The details are not described below.
  • the first terminal blindly detects the SA in the SA resource pool of the first channel, and then detects the data of the first channel by using the data time-frequency resource information indicated in the SA to the corresponding resource in the data resource pool.
  • other terminals supporting the first transmission technology can also receive information of the first channel in this manner. The details are not described below.
  • the first terminal periodically receives the first information on the first channel. For example, the first terminal may receive the first information of the first channel at a certain time interval.
  • Step S102 The first terminal determines first indication information according to the first sequence.
  • the first sequence of the second type of terminal includes one or more of the following: a preamble sequence Preamble, a synchronization signal sequence, and a reference signal sequence. Or any other signal that identifies the second type of terminal.
  • the preamble or signal of the terminal has a correspondence with the transmission technology used by the terminal.
  • the second terminal can be a DSRC terminal or an LTE-V terminal.
  • the first sequence is a preamble sequence.
  • the second terminal is an LTE-V terminal, the first sequence is a synchronization signal sequence or a reference signal sequence.
  • the first terminal determines, according to the first sequence, that the first channel is used by a terminal that supports the second transmission technology.
  • the first terminal determines first indication information, where the first indication information is used to indicate that the first channel is used by a terminal that supports the second transmission technology.
  • the first terminal may transmit information on the first channel by means of a broadcast.
  • the other terminal may receive the information of the first channel, and other terminals that are the same as the transmission technology supported by the first terminal may identify the information of the first terminal.
  • the method described in this embodiment further includes the following steps: the first terminal determines the first received in a preset time The number of sequences exceeds a preset threshold, and the number of the first sequence is used to indicate the number of the second terminals.
  • the preset time is a base station configuration or is pre-configured.
  • the preset threshold is a base station configuration or is pre-configured.
  • the number of the second terminals reflects the proportion of the terminal that supports the second transmission technology occupying the first channel.
  • the first indication information is sent on the first channel.
  • the resources of the first channel can be reasonably utilized.
  • the DSRC terminal may send a data packet carrying the preamble sequence once every 100 ms.
  • the difference between the preamble sequences supporting the DSRC transmission technology terminal is not large, and the preamble sequence of the DSRC terminal may be considered to be the same.
  • the LTE-V terminal can determine the number of DSRC terminals according to the number of preamble sequences detected within 100 ms.
  • the number of the DRSC terminals reflects the proportion of the DSRC terminal occupying the first channel resource, and when the data of the DSRC terminal exceeds the preset threshold, the first terminal sends the first indication information on the first channel.
  • the LTE-V terminal when 20 DSRC terminals are detected within 100 ms, the LTE-V terminal will transmit the first indication information on the first channel.
  • the periods in which the preambles are transmitted by different DSRC terminals may be different.
  • the number of preambles may not be strictly corresponding to the number of DSRC terminals.
  • the technical solution provided by the embodiment of the present invention The number of preambles received within a predetermined time period may reflect the probability of occurrence of a DSRC terminal within that time period.
  • the LTE-V terminal detects that the number of DSRC terminals exceeds a certain number on the first channel, information indicating that the first channel is supported by the DSRC terminal occurs on the first channel, and switches to the second.
  • the channel performs data transmission.
  • the number of DSRC terminals detected by the LTE-V terminal does not exceed a certain amount, the DSRC transmission technology and the LTE-V transmission technology have a certain influence.
  • the solution can avoid the problem that the number of DSRC terminals is too small, and the first channel resources are too idle after the LTE-V terminal is switched.
  • the embodiment of the present invention can achieve the effect of balancing between transmission technology interference and channel resource utilization by setting an appropriate number of thresholds.
  • the first terminal uses the second channel for data transmission.
  • the first terminal sends data through the second channel, and the data sent by the first terminal on the second channel is used to communicate with other terminals in the first type of terminal.
  • the mechanism for the first terminal to use the second channel for data transmission and the first terminal for transmitting the first indication information on the first channel is the same. Specifically, when the first information carries a first sequence of at least one of the second terminals or the first information carries a first sequence of at least one of the second terminals, and the first received in a preset time When the number of sequences exceeds a preset threshold, the first terminal transmits the first indication information on the first channel, and the first terminal uses a second channel to perform data transmission.
  • the terminal of the transmission technology synchronizes channel switching.
  • Step S103 The first terminal sends the first indication information on the first channel, where the first indication information is used to indicate that the first channel is used by a terminal that supports the second transmission technology.
  • the first terminal sends the indication information by using a reserved resource of the first channel.
  • the communication method provided by the embodiment of the present invention is described below by using a plurality of reserved resources.
  • the first terminal may be an LTE-V terminal
  • the second terminal may be a DSRC terminal.
  • the channel 1, channel 2, and DSRC terminal, LTE-V terminal A, and LTE-V terminal B will be described as an example.
  • the DSRC terminal has a higher transmission priority on the channel 1 than the LTE-V terminal.
  • a resource is reserved on channel 1, which may be a specific resource or a resource in a certain resource pool.
  • the LTE-V terminal A When the LTE-V terminal A detects the DSRC terminal on the channel 1, it switches to channel 2 for LTE-V transmission, and the LTE-V terminal A also sends the indication information reserved for the resource reserved for the channel 1 to indicate the channel. A DSRC terminal is detected on 1.
  • the LTE-V terminal A periodically detects whether there is a DSRC terminal on the channel 1, and when the DSRC terminal is detected, the resource reserved in the channel 1 transmits the indication information. It can also be understood that the indication information is sent periodically, and when the DSRC terminal is not detected on the channel 1, the indication information is interrupted.
  • the first indication information is a side-line synchronization sequence of the first channel
  • the first terminal sends the first indication information on the first channel, including: the first terminal is in the The first channel transmits the synchronization sequence.
  • the first indication information is at least one bit in the side channel broadcast information of the first channel
  • the first terminal sends the first indication information on the first channel, including: A terminal transmits the at least one bit on the first channel.
  • the demodulation reference signal of the physical side row broadcast channel of the first channel includes the first indication information, and the first terminal sends the first indication information on the first channel, including: the first The terminal transmits the demodulation reference signal on the first channel.
  • the first terminal sends the indication information by using a specific synchronization sequence in a Side Link Synchronization Signal (SLSS) resource of the first channel.
  • SLSS Side Link Synchronization Signal
  • the first terminal sends the indication information by using a specific bit in the sideline broadcast information sent on the first channel, or by using a physical side line broadcast channel on the first channel (Physical Sidelink)
  • the Demodulation Reference Signal (DMRS) of the Broadcast Channel (PSBCH) transmits the indication information.
  • DMRS Demodulation Reference Signal
  • the demodulation reference signal of the time-frequency resource of the first channel includes the first indication information; And sending, by the first terminal, the first indication information on the first channel, that: the first terminal sends the demodulation reference signal on the first channel.
  • the first indication information is at least one of the time-frequency resources of the first channel
  • the first terminal sends the first indication information on the first channel, including: the first terminal Transmitting the at least one data packet on the first channel.
  • the first terminal sends the indication information by using a DMRS signal or a data packet in a resource consisting of a specific time-frequency location set of the first channel.
  • the resource consisting of the time-frequency location set may be a specific time-frequency location.
  • the time resource is one subframe after X ms of the SLSS subframe
  • the frequency domain resource is Y physical resource blocks (Physical Resourse Block, PRB).
  • the starting position is Z PRBs relative to the starting position of the system bandwidth.
  • the indication information is transmitted on the resource, and the indication information may be carried by the DMRS, such as a specific DMRS sequence, a cyclic shift CS (Cyclic Shift), a scrambling code, or the like, or the indication information is carried in the data packet.
  • the DMRS such as a specific DMRS sequence, a cyclic shift CS (Cyclic Shift), a scrambling code, or the like, or the indication information is carried in the data packet.
  • the DMRS signal herein may be replaced by other available Reference Signals (RSs) or pilot signals.
  • the pilot symbol is composed of a base sequence, a cyclic shift, an Orthogonal Cover Code (OCC), etc.
  • OOC Orthogonal Cover Code
  • the first indication information may be indicated by different forms, such as by different cyclic shifts of pilot symbols. Whether to carry instructions. It can be understood by those skilled in the art that the manner in which other RS signals or pilot signals are used to carry the indication information should belong to the protection scope of the embodiment of the present invention.
  • the special signal is sent on the SLSS resource, and the first indication information is carried by the pilot or the data packet; or the special signal is sent on the resource of the PSBCH, and the first indication information is carried by the pilot or the data packet.
  • the LTE-V terminal B on the channel 1 detects whether there is indication information on the reserved resources, and if the indication information is detected, the LTE-V terminal B switches to the channel 2 and also transmits on the reserved resources. Instructions. If the indication information is not detected, the LTE-V terminal B still performs LTE-V transmission on channel 1.
  • the LTE-V terminal B also sends indication information on the reserved resource, where the resource used by the LTE-V terminal B to transmit the indication information is different from the resource used by the LTE-V terminal A to send the indication information.
  • the LTE-V terminal B transmission indication information can be understood as the indication information that the LTE-V terminal B forwards the LTE-V terminal A.
  • the LTE-V terminal A or the LTE-V terminal B switches to the channel 2
  • the information of the channel 1 is received once at a certain time interval, and the channel 1 is continuously detected whether there is a DSRC terminal or indication information, when the channel is detected.
  • the indication information is transmitted on the channel 1, and the data transmission is continued using the channel 2.
  • a resource is reserved on channel 1 for indicating that a DSRC terminal exists on the channel, so that the LTE-V terminal that fails to detect the DSRC terminal can also identify that there is a DSRC terminal on the channel by detecting the indication information.
  • the LTE-V transmission technology and the DSRC transmission technology have different transmission priorities on the channel 1.
  • the LTE-V terminal detects the DSRC terminal on the channel 1, it switches to the channel 2 for LTE-V. Transmission, and transmitting indication information on channel 1 to indicate the presence of a DSRC terminal.
  • Other LTE-V terminals that fail to detect the DSRC terminal can learn that there is a DSRC terminal on channel 1 and switch to channel 2 by detecting the indication information.
  • the embodiment of the present invention provides a terminal, which is used to implement the communication method provided in the foregoing embodiment.
  • the terminal includes: a receiving unit 510, a determining unit 520, and a sending unit 530.
  • the receiving unit 510 of the terminal is configured to receive first information, where the first information carries a first sequence of at least one second terminal, where the terminal supports a first transmission technology, the second The terminal supports the second transmission technology, and the first sequence of the second terminal is used to indicate that the first channel is used by a terminal that supports the second transmission technology.
  • the determining unit 520 is configured to determine first indication information according to the first sequence.
  • the sending unit 530 is configured to send the first indication information on the first channel, where the first finger
  • the indication information is used to indicate that the first channel is used by a terminal supporting the second transmission technology.
  • the sending unit 530 is configured to send data by using the second channel, where the data is used to communicate with other terminals that support the same transmission technology by the terminal.
  • the determining unit 520 is further configured to determine that the number of the first sequence received by the receiving unit 510 exceeds a preset threshold within a preset time, where the number of the first sequence is used to indicate the second terminal number.
  • the preset time is a base station configuration or is pre-configured.
  • the preset threshold is a base station configuration or is pre-configured.
  • the receiving unit 510 when the information carries the first sequence of the at least one second terminal or the number of the first sequence received by the receiving unit 510 exceeds a preset threshold within a first preset time, the receiving unit 510.
  • the 510 is further configured to receive information on the second channel.
  • the sending unit 530 is further configured to send information on the second channel, where the first channel and the second channel are different from each other.
  • the mechanism for the terminal to use the second channel for data transmission and the terminal for transmitting the first indication information on the first channel is the same. Specifically, when the first information carries a first sequence of at least one of the second terminals, or the first information carries a first sequence of at least one of the second terminals, and the received When the number of the first sequence exceeds a preset threshold, the terminal transmits the first indication information on the first channel, and the terminal uses the second channel to perform data transmission.
  • the terminal that ensures the same transmission technology supported by the terminal performs channel switching synchronously when one of the terminals supporting the second transmission technology is detected, or the number of detected terminals supporting the second transmission technology satisfies a preset condition.
  • the embodiment of the present invention can achieve the effect of balancing between transmission technology interference and channel resource utilization by setting an appropriate number of thresholds.
  • the sending unit 530 is specifically configured to send the indication information by using a reserved resource of the first channel.
  • the reserved resource is a pre-configured resource or a resource configured by a base station.
  • the first transmission technology and the second transmission technology have different transmission priorities on the first channel.
  • the first transmission technology is a car network LTE-V transmission technology
  • the second transmission technology is a dedicated short range communication DSRC technology.
  • the LTE-V transmission The transmission priority of the technology is lower than the DSRC transmission technology.
  • the first indication information is a side-line synchronization sequence of the first channel
  • the sending unit 530 is specifically configured to send the synchronization sequence on the first channel.
  • the first indication information is at least one bit in the side channel broadcast information of the first channel
  • the sending unit 530 is specifically configured to send the at least one bit on the first channel.
  • the demodulation reference signal of the physical side row broadcast channel of the first channel includes the first indication information
  • the sending unit 530 is specifically configured to send the demodulation reference signal on the first channel.
  • the demodulation reference signal of the time-frequency resource of the first channel includes the first indication information
  • the sending unit 530 is specifically configured to send the demodulation reference signal on the first channel.
  • the first indication information is at least one data packet in a time-frequency resource of the first channel
  • the sending unit 530 is specifically configured to send the at least one data packet on the first channel.
  • the first sequence includes one or more of the following: a preamble sequence, a synchronization signal sequence, and a reference signal sequence.
  • the receiving unit 510 is specifically configured to periodically receive the first information on the first channel.
  • the terminal provided by the embodiment of the present invention may be implemented as follows to implement the foregoing communication method in the embodiment of the present invention.
  • the terminal includes: a receiver 610, a processor 620, and a transmitting. 630.
  • the receiver 610 of the terminal is configured to receive first information on a first channel, where the first information carries a first sequence of at least one second terminal, where the first terminal supports a first transmission technology, The second terminal supports the second transmission technology, and the first sequence of the second terminal is used to indicate that the first channel is used by a terminal that supports the second transmission technology.
  • the processor 620 is configured to determine first indication information according to the first sequence.
  • the transmitter 630 is configured to send the first indication information on the first channel, where the first indication information is used to indicate that the first channel is used by a terminal that supports the second transmission technology.
  • the processor 620 is further configured to determine the first sequence received by the receiver 610 at a preset time.
  • the number of the first sequence exceeds a preset threshold, and the number of the first sequence is used to indicate the number of the second terminals.
  • the preset time is a base station configuration or is pre-configured.
  • the preset threshold is a base station configuration or is pre-configured.
  • Transmitter 630 is configured to transmit data over a second channel for communicating with other terminals of the terminal using the same transmission technology.
  • the receiver 610 is further configured to receive information of the second channel; the transmitter 630 is further configured to send information by using the second channel.
  • the transmitter 630 is specifically configured to send the indication information by using a reserved resource of the first channel.
  • the reserved resource is a pre-configured resource or a resource configured by a base station.
  • the first transmission technology and the second transmission technology have different transmission priorities on the first channel.
  • the first transmission technology is a car network LTE-V transmission technology
  • the second transmission technology is a dedicated short range communication DSRC technology.
  • the LTE-V transmission technology has a lower transmission priority than the DSRC transmission technology.
  • the first indication information is a side-line synchronization sequence of the first channel
  • the transmitter 630 is specifically configured to send the synchronization sequence on the first channel.
  • the first indication information is at least one bit in the side channel broadcast information of the first channel
  • the transmitter 630 is specifically configured to send the at least one bit on the first channel.
  • the demodulation reference signal of the physical side row broadcast channel of the first channel includes the first indication information
  • the transmitter 630 is specifically configured to send the demodulation reference signal on the first channel.
  • the demodulation reference signal of the time-frequency resource of the first channel includes the first indication information
  • the transmitter 630 is specifically configured to send the demodulation reference signal on the first channel.
  • the first indication information is at least one of the time-frequency resources of the first channel
  • the transmitter 630 is specifically configured to send the at least one data packet on the first channel.
  • the first sequence includes one or more of the following: a preamble sequence, a synchronization signal Sequence and reference signal sequence.
  • the receiver 610 is specifically configured to periodically receive the first information on the first channel.
  • the receiver 610 periodically receives information of the first channel.
  • the receiver 610 receives the information of the first channel at a time, and determines that the first channel carries the first sequence of the at least one second terminal, and detects that the second terminal uses the first channel for data transmission, the terminal uses the first Two channels for data transmission.
  • the receiver 610 After switching to the terminal after the second channel, the receiver 610 receives the information of the first channel at a certain time interval, and by determining that the information of the first channel does not carry the first sequence or the first indication information of the second terminal, The terminal provided by the embodiment will switch from the second channel to the first channel for data transmission.
  • Figure 6 only shows a simplified design of the terminal.
  • the terminal may include any number of transmitters, receivers, processors, etc., and all terminals that can implement the present invention are within the scope of the present invention.
  • the third terminal receives the first information carrying the first indication information on the first channel, forwards the first indication information on the first channel, and switches to the second channel for data transmission.
  • the solution provided by the embodiment of the present invention is described in detail below with reference to FIG. 7.
  • FIG. 7 is a flowchart of another communication method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the implementation entity is a third terminal. As shown in FIG. 7, the embodiment specifically includes the following steps:
  • step S201 the third terminal receives the first information on the first channel, where the first information carries the first indication information, where the third terminal supports the first transmission technology, and the first indication information is used to indicate the location.
  • the first channel is used by a terminal supporting the second transmission technology.
  • the third terminal determines that the first channel is used by a terminal that supports the second transmission technology.
  • Step S202 The third terminal forwards the first indication information on the first channel.
  • the third terminal receives the information of the first channel, and when the information carries the first indication information, the third terminal uses the second channel for data transmission.
  • the third terminal Data is transmitted through the second channel, and data transmitted by the third terminal on the second channel is used for communication with other terminals supporting the first transmission technology.
  • the third terminal forwards the indication information by using a reserved resource of the first channel, where the third terminal receives the indication information and resources used by the third channel to forward the indication information. different. For example, it is assumed that the indication information received by the third terminal is sent or broadcast by the first terminal. If the first terminal uses the resource A in the reserved resource to send or broadcast the indication information, the third terminal uses the resource B in the reserved resource to send, forward or broadcast the indication information.
  • the reserved resource is a pre-configured resource or a resource configured by a base station.
  • the first transmission technology and the second transmission technology may have different transmission priorities on the first channel.
  • For the specific configuration of the reserved resources reference may be made to the description in the embodiment shown in FIG. 3, and details are not described herein.
  • the first transmission technology is a car network LTE-V transmission technology
  • the second transmission technology is a dedicated short range communication DSRC technology.
  • the LTE-V transmission technology has a lower transmission priority than the DSRC transmission technology.
  • the communication method provided by the embodiment of the present invention after the LTE-V terminal detects the indication information indicating that the DSRC terminal uses the first channel for data transmission on the first channel, forwards the indication information, and uses the second channel to perform data transmission.
  • the LTE-V terminal can share the information indicating that the DSRC terminal exists, and the indication information is forwarded between the LTE-V terminals to overcome the limitation of the distance and the like, and some LTE-V terminals fail to detect the DSRC terminal. The problem of switching to the second channel in time.
  • LTE-V terminals can identify each other's information. If the LTE-V terminal fails to switch to the same channel in time, it will result in different channels of the LTE-V terminal. Communication is cut off. Therefore, the LTE-V terminal receives information on multiple channels to avoid loss of information.
  • the LTE-V terminal can be switched to the second channel at the same time, and the channel switched by the LTE-V terminal can be preset, so that the LTE-V terminal after the handover uses the same channel. Data transfer.
  • the communication method includes: a receiving unit 810, a determining unit 820, and a transmitting unit 830.
  • the receiving unit 810 of the terminal is configured to receive the first information on the first channel, where the first information carries the first indication information, where the terminal supports the first transmission technology, and the first indication information is used to indicate The first channel is used by a terminal supporting the second transmission technology.
  • the determining unit 820 is configured to determine that the first channel is used by a terminal that supports the second transmission technology.
  • the sending unit 830 is configured to forward the first indication information on the first channel.
  • the transmitting unit 830 is configured to send data through the second channel, where the data is used for communication with other terminals that use the same transmission technology as the terminal.
  • the receiving unit 810 is further configured to receive information of a second channel
  • the sending unit 830 is further configured to send information by using a second channel.
  • the sending unit 830 is specifically configured to forward the indication information by using a reserved resource of the first channel.
  • the receiving, by the terminal, the indication information on the first channel is different from a resource used to forward the indication information.
  • the first indication information is a side-line synchronization sequence of the first channel
  • the sending unit 830 is specifically configured to forward the synchronization sequence on the first channel.
  • the first indication information is at least one bit in the side channel broadcast information of the first channel
  • the sending unit 830 is specifically configured to forward the at least one bit on the first channel.
  • the demodulation reference signal of the physical side row broadcast channel of the first channel includes the first indication information
  • the sending unit 830 is specifically configured to forward the demodulation reference signal on the first channel.
  • the demodulation reference signal of the time-frequency resource of the first channel includes the first indication information
  • the sending unit 830 is specifically configured to forward the demodulation reference signal on the first channel.
  • the first indication information is at least one of the time-frequency resources of the first channel
  • the sending unit 830 is specifically configured to forward the at least one data packet on the first channel.
  • the receiving unit 810 is specifically configured to periodically receive the first information on the first channel.
  • the terminal provided by the embodiment of the present invention may be implemented as follows to implement the foregoing communication method in the embodiment of the present invention.
  • the terminal includes: a receiver 910, a processor 920, and a transmitting. 930.
  • the receiver 910 of the terminal is configured to receive the first information on the first channel, where the first information carries the first indication information, where the terminal supports the first transmission technology, and the first indication information is used to indicate The first channel is used by a terminal supporting the second transmission technology.
  • the processor 920 is configured to determine that the first channel is used by a terminal that supports the second transmission technology.
  • the transmitter 930 is configured to forward the first indication information on the first channel.
  • Transmitter 930 is configured to transmit data over a second channel for communication with other terminals of the terminal using the same transmission technology.
  • the receiver 910 is further configured to receive information of a second channel; and the transmitter 930 is further configured to send information by using a second channel.
  • the transmitter 930 is specifically configured to send the indication information by using a reserved resource of the first channel.
  • the receiving, by the terminal, the indication information on the first channel is different from a resource used to forward the indication information.
  • the first indication information is a side-line synchronization sequence of the first channel
  • the transmitter 930 is specifically configured to forward the synchronization sequence on the first channel.
  • the first indication information is at least one bit in the side channel broadcast information of the first channel; the transmitter 930 is specifically configured to forward the at least one bit on the first channel.
  • the demodulation reference signal of the physical side row broadcast channel of the first channel includes the first indication information; and the transmitter 930 is specifically configured to forward the demodulation reference signal on the first channel.
  • the demodulation reference signal of the time-frequency resource of the first channel includes the first indication information
  • the transmitter 930 is specifically configured to forward the demodulation reference signal on the first channel.
  • the first indication information is at least one data packet of a time-frequency resource of the first channel
  • the transmitter 930 is specifically configured to forward the at least one data packet on the first channel.
  • the transmitter 930 is specifically configured to periodically receive the first information on the first channel.
  • the reserved resource is a pre-configured resource or a resource configured by a base station.
  • the first transmission technology and the second transmission technology may have different transmission priorities on the first channel.
  • the first transmission technology is a car network LTE-V transmission technology
  • the second transmission technology is a dedicated short range communication DSRC technology.
  • the LTE-V transmission technology has a lower transmission priority than the DSRC transmission technology.
  • Figure 9 only shows a simplified design of the terminal.
  • the terminal may include any number of transmitters, receivers, processors, etc., and all terminals that can implement the present invention are within the scope of the present invention.
  • the LTE-V terminal that receives the indication information on the first channel forwards the indication information, so that more LTE-V terminals know the information of the DSRC terminal in the first channel, and receive the information.
  • the LTE-V terminal to the indication information switches to the second channel for data transmission together with the LTE-V terminal that detects the DSRC identity.
  • the energy consumption of D2D communication is reduced, so that DSRC transmission technology and LTE-V transmission technology coexist better.
  • the fourth terminal receives the first information on the first channel, where the first information does not carry the first indication information and the first sequence of the second terminal.
  • the fourth terminal determines that the first channel is not used by a terminal supporting the second transmission technology, and the four terminals use the first channel for data transmission.
  • FIG. 10 is a flowchart of still another communication method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the implementation entity is a fourth terminal. As shown in FIG. 10, the embodiment specifically includes the following steps:
  • Step S301 the fourth terminal receives the first information on the first channel, the first information does not carry the first sequence of the second terminal, and the first information does not carry the first indication information, where the first The fourth terminal supports the first transmission technology, the second terminal supports the second transmission technology, and the second terminal The first sequence of the terminal is used to indicate that the first channel is used by a terminal that supports the second transmission technology, and the first indication information is used to indicate that the first channel is supported by a terminal of the second transmission technology use.
  • Step S302 the fourth terminal determines that the first channel is not used by a terminal that supports the second transmission technology.
  • Step 303 The fourth terminal uses the first channel to perform data transmission.
  • the fourth terminal periodically receives the first information on the first channel.
  • the first transmission technology is a car network LTE-V transmission technology
  • the second transmission technology is a dedicated short range communication DSRC technology.
  • the LTE-V transmission technology has a lower transmission priority than the DSRC transmission technology.
  • the LTE-V terminal when there is no DSRC terminal on the first channel, the LTE-V terminal cannot detect the DSRC terminal, and therefore does not send the indication information on the reserved resources of the first channel, and other terminals also detect Not the indication information. Therefore, all LTE-V terminals can switch back to the first channel for LTE-V communication.
  • the LTE-V terminal can be switched back from the second channel to the first channel by determining whether there is indication information on the first channel, or whether it is detectable on the first channel whether the DSRC terminal determines whether there is a DSRC terminal on the first channel.
  • the mechanism of the channel When the LTE-V terminal does not have a DSRC terminal on the first channel, the LTE-V terminal effectively switches back to the first channel, thereby improving the capacity of the LTE-V system. Increased channel utilization.
  • the channel switched by the LTE-V terminal may be preset, so that the switched LTE-V terminal uses the same channel for data transmission. Moreover, the LTE-V terminal after the handover does not need to additionally receive the data information of the original channel or the second channel, and the communication between the LTE-V terminals can be completed. Reduce the energy consumption of D2D communication.
  • the switched LTE-V terminal only needs to detect the information of the original channel at a certain time interval, so as to switch back to the original channel when the original channel does not have the DSRC terminal, thereby improving the capacity of the LTE-V system and improving the channel utilization.
  • the embodiment of the present invention provides another terminal for implementing the communication method provided in the foregoing embodiment.
  • the terminal includes: a receiving unit 1110, and a determining unit 1120. And transmitting unit 1130.
  • the receiving unit 1110 of the terminal is configured to receive the first information on the first channel, where the first information does not carry the first sequence of the second terminal, and the first information does not carry the first indication information, where
  • the terminal supports a first transmission technology
  • the second terminal supports a second transmission technology
  • the first sequence of the second terminal is used to indicate that the first channel is used by a terminal that supports the second transmission technology
  • the first indication information is used to indicate that the first channel is used by a terminal that supports the second transmission technology.
  • the determining unit 1120 is configured to determine, by the sending unit 1130 used by the terminal that the first channel is not supported by the second transmission technology, to send information by using the first channel.
  • the receiving unit 1110 is specifically configured to periodically receive the first information on the first channel.
  • the terminal provided by the embodiment of the present invention may be implemented as follows to implement the foregoing communication method in the embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 12, the terminal includes: a receiver 1210, a processor 1220, and a transmitting. 1230.
  • the receiver 1210 of the terminal is configured to receive the first information on the first channel, where the first information does not carry the first sequence of the second terminal, and the first information does not carry the first indication information, where
  • the fourth terminal supports the first transmission technology
  • the second terminal supports the second transmission technology
  • the first sequence of the second terminal is used to indicate that the first channel is supported by the terminal of the second transmission technology.
  • the first indication information is used to indicate that the first channel is used by a terminal that supports the second transmission technology.
  • the processor 1220 is configured to determine that the first channel is not used by a terminal that supports the second transmission technology.
  • a transmitter 1230 is configured to perform data transmission using the first channel.
  • the receiver 1210 is specifically configured to periodically receive the first information on the first channel.
  • Figure 12 only shows a simplified design of the terminal.
  • the terminal Any number of transmitters, receivers, processors, etc. may be included, and all terminals that can implement the present invention are within the scope of the present invention.
  • FIG. 13 is a flowchart of still another communication method according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 13, the embodiment specifically includes the following steps:
  • Step S401 the base station receives information used by the terminal that is reported by the first terminal and is supported by the second transmission technology, where the first terminal supports the first transmission technology;
  • Step S402 the base station determines that the first channel is used by a terminal that supports the second transmission technology.
  • Step S403 the base station configures a terminal that supports the first transmission technology to perform data transmission by using a second channel, where the first channel and the second channel are different from each other.
  • the first terminal receives first information of a first channel, the first information carries a first sequence of at least one second terminal, or the first information carries at least one of the first sequence and is pre-
  • the first terminal reports to the base station information that the first channel is used by the terminal supporting the second transmission technology, when the number of the first sequence received by the first terminal exceeds a preset threshold.
  • the first terminal reports, to the base station, the information used by the terminal that the first channel is supported by the second transmission technology, and the reporting mechanism is the same as that in the embodiment shown in FIG.
  • the first channel transmits the first indication information and the first terminal uses the second channel for data transmission.
  • first terminal, the third terminal, and the fourth terminal mentioned in the embodiments of the present invention are any one of the terminals supporting the first transmission technology.
  • the second terminal mentioned in the embodiment of the present invention is any one of the terminals supporting the second transmission technology.
  • the base station is controlled by Radio Resource Control (RRC)
  • RRC Radio Resource Control
  • the first terminal uses the second channel for data transmission in a manner of one or more of Downlink Control Information (DCI) and System Information Block (SIB).
  • DCI Downlink Control Information
  • SIB System Information Block
  • LTE-V terminal A detects at least one DSRC terminal preamble sequence on channel 1, when the preamble sequence of the DSRC terminal detected within a predetermined time exceeds a preset threshold.
  • the LTE-V terminal A sends the information 1 to the base station to notify the base station that there is a DSRC terminal on the channel. After the base station learns the information, the LTE-V terminal A and the LTE-V terminal B in the cell are configured to switch to the channel 2.
  • the LTE-V terminal A can report to the base station by using an uplink control channel, a Buffer Status Report (BSR), or RRC signaling.
  • BSR Buffer Status Report
  • the base station can configure the terminal in the cell to switch to channel 2 through RRC, DCI, SIB, and the like.
  • the base station may notify the information about other neighboring base stations, so that other base stations may also configure the LTE-V terminal in the cell to switch to channel 2.
  • the communication method provided by the embodiment of the present invention is reported to the base station when the LTE-V terminal detects the presence of the DSRC terminal on the channel 1, and the base station configures the LTE-V terminal in the local cell to switch to the channel 2, so that no detection is performed.
  • the vehicle terminal of the DSRC terminal, or the pedestrian terminal without the sensing capability, can also switch to channel 2.
  • the LTE-V terminal in the local cell is synchronously switched to the channel 2 by means of the configuration of the base station.
  • the base station when the base station does not receive the information that is used by the terminal that is supported by the first terminal and is supported by the second transmission technology, the base station configures the support A terminal of a transmission technology uses the first channel for data transmission.
  • the LTE-V terminal when the LTE-V terminal detects the DSRC terminal on the channel 1, the information is reported to the base station, and is periodically reported to the base station. When the LTE-V terminal does not detect the DSRC terminal, the information is not reported.
  • the foregoing detection period or reporting period is pre-configured or configured by the base station, for example, once reported in 100 ms.
  • the base station does not receive the information that the terminal reports the presence of the DSRC terminal in a time interval, and sends configuration information, so that the LTE-V terminal in the cell switches back to channel 1.
  • the time interval is pre-configured, or determined by the base station, such as 1 second.
  • a terminal such as an LTE-V terminal detects whether a DSRC terminal exists once on channel 1 before reporting every 100 ms. Report the test results.
  • the base station when the base station detects the DSRC terminal information on the channel 1 that is not reported by the terminal within the preset time, the base station configures the LTE-V terminal to switch back from the channel 2 to the channel 1.
  • the problem that the LTE-V terminal switches back from channel 2 to channel 1 when channel 1 does not have a DSRC terminal is solved.
  • the DSRC terminal and the LTE-V terminal in the embodiment of the present invention are interchangeable.
  • the indication information indicating that the first channel exists in the LTE-V terminal may be sent on the first channel, and the switched second channel performs data transmission.
  • Other DSRC terminals can switch to the second channel for data transmission according to the indication information.
  • the method provided by the embodiment of the present invention can also solve the problem that the DSRC switches back to the original channel, and prompts the capacity of the DSRC system.
  • the communication method provided by the embodiment of the present invention is not limited to switching the terminal with low priority of the transmission technology.
  • the embodiment of the present invention aims to solve the problem of avoiding mutual interference between the two transmission technologies. Therefore, those skilled in the art can understand that the technical solutions that achieve the same technical effects by using the modified forms of the embodiments of the present invention are all within the protection scope of the embodiments of the present invention.
  • the communication method and terminal provided by the embodiments of the present invention combine the terminal broadcast mode in the D2D communication to send information to the surrounding terminals, and the communication mode in which the terminal forwards information to the surrounding terminals through the base station.
  • the embodiment of the present invention solves the problem that the LTE-V terminal that does not detect the DSRC terminal communicates with the LTE-V terminal that detects the DSRC terminal on different channels, and solves the problem that the LTE-V terminal switches when the DRSC terminal does not exist on the original channel. The problem of returning to the original channel.
  • the communication method and the terminal provided by the embodiments of the present invention can make the DSRC transmission technology and the LTE-V transmission technology coexist better, and avoid the transmission interruption caused by the failure of all the transmission technologies when one type of transmission technology detects another type of transmission technology. It can reduce the energy consumption of D2D communication, increase the capacity of the communication system, and improve the utilization of the channel.
  • the communication method and the terminal provided by the embodiment of the present invention may preset that when the number of DSRC terminals detected by the LTE-V terminal exceeds a certain number on the first channel, the LTE-V terminal is in the first The channel transmits the first indication information and the LTE-V terminal switches to the second channel for data transmission.
  • the number of DSRC terminals does not exceed a certain number, the DSRC transmission technology and the LTE-V transmission technology have a certain influence.
  • the solution can avoid the problem that the number of DSRC terminals is too small, and the first channel resources are too idle after the LTE-V terminal is switched.
  • the embodiment of the present invention can achieve the effect of balancing between transmission technology interference and channel resource utilization by setting an appropriate number of thresholds.

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Abstract

本发明实施例涉及一种通信方法及终端，该方法包括：第一终端在第一信道接收第一信息，第一信息携带有至少一个第二终端的第一序列，其中，第一终端支持第一传输技术，第二终端支持第二传输技术，第二终端的第一序列用于指示所述第一信道被支持所述第二传输技术的终端所使用；第一终端根据第一序列确定第一指示信息；第一终端在第一信道发送第一指示信息，第一指示信息用于指示第一信道被支持第二传输技术的终端所使用。本发明实施例提供的通信方法，可以使得支持不同传输技术的终端在共用的多个信道上更好的共存，避免不同传输技术之间的干扰。

Description

通信方法及终端 技术领域
本发明涉及通信技术领域，尤其涉及一种通信方法及终端。
背景技术
近年来汽车网络越来越受到人们的关注，通过车车通信或者车与路边单元之间的通信从而提高道路交通的安全性、可靠性，提升交通通行效率。智能交通系统(Intelligent Transportation Systems，ITS)包括车车通信、车路通信等车联网技术。ITS使用的传输技术包括专用短距离通信(Dedicate Short Range Communication，DSRC)传输技术和第四代通信网络车辆通信(Long Term Evolution-Vehicle，LTE-V)传输技术。其中LTE-V通常采用终端到终端(Device-to-Device，D2D)的通信方式实现车车通信、车路通信。
ITS频谱可以分为多个信道，如在欧洲分配的30MHz频谱可以分为3个10MHz的信道，在美国分配的75MHz频谱可以分为7个10MHz的信道(5MHz用于保护频带)，对不同的信道可以针对不同的传输技术划分不同的优先级。在一个信道上，优先级低的传输技术的终端检测到优先级高的传输技术的终端存在时，优先级低的传输技术的终端将采取避让或者切换的方式避免对优先级高的技术的干扰，切换到其他信道进行数据传输。
但是并不是所有的LTE-V终端都能同时检测DSRC终端的存在，某些能够检测到DSRC终端的LTE-V用户切换到了其他的信道，而没有检测到DSRC终端的LTE-V用户仍旧在现有的信道上进行LTE-V传输。
图1为现有D2D通信系统架构示意图。如图1所示。图1中V1表示DSRC终端，V2、V3表示LTE-V终端。设在信道1上，DSRC技术的传输优先级高于LTE-V技术的传输优先级。V1、V2能够互相检测到对方的存在，V1、V3由于相距较远，不能检测到对方。当V2在信道1上检测到DSRC终端V1的存在时，V2将避让、切 换到信道2进行数据传输。此时V3没有检测到V1的存在，因此仍旧在信道1上进行传输，如果V2、V3只具有一个信道的接收能力，就会导致V2、V3通信的中断。
在图1中，如果V2、V3都具有在两个信道上接收的能力，由于V2、V3不知道在两个信道上是否都存在LTE-V终端，因此需要对两个信道所有可能的传输资源进行检测。即使在信道1上没有DSRC终端，所有的LTE-V终端都在信道1上进行传输，但是V2、V3也需要检测信道2。或者所有的LTE-V终端在信道1上都检测到DSRC终端，并且切换到了信道2进行传输，V2、V3也需要同时检测信道1，因为不知道是否还有终端没有切换到信道2上。此时会导致能耗很高，尤其是对手持终端设备，低能耗是手持终端设备的一个重要特性。
因此，现有技术中，某些LTE-V终端可以检测到DSRC终端，某些LTE-V终端检测不到DSRC终端，导致他们会在不同信道进行LTE-V通信的问题。另外，当LTE-V终端在信道1检测到DSRC终端时，会切换到信道2上，但当信道1上已经没有DSRC终端时，存在如何使信道2上的LTE-V终端切换回信道1从而提升LTE-V系统的容量的问题。
发明内容
本发明实施例涉及一种通信方法及终端，解决现有技术检测不到DSRC终端的LTE-V终端与检测到DSRC终端的LTE-V终端在不同信道上的通信问题，以及解决当原信道上不存在DRSC终端时，LTE-V终端切换回原信道的问题。
在第一方面，本发明实施例提供了一种通信方法，该方法包括：
第一终端在第一信道接收第一信息，所述第一信息携带有至少一个第二终端的第一序列，其中，所述第一终端支持第一传输技术，所述第二终端支持第二传输技术，所述第二终端的第一序列用于指示所述第一信道被支持所述第二传输技术的终端所使用；所述第一终端根据所述第一序列确定第一指示信息；所述第一终端在所述第一信道发送所述第一指示信息，所述第一指 示信息用于指示所述第一信道被支持所述第二传输技术的终端所使用。
具体地，检测到第二终端的第一终端，在第一信道上发送第一指示信息。以使其他支持第一传输技术的终端检测到第一指示信息后，根据该第一指示信息确定第一信道被支持第二传输技术的终端所使用，其他支持第一传输技术的终端切换到第二信道进行数据传输。解决受距离等情况限制，与第一终端使用的传输技术相同的终端检测不到第一信道被支持第二传输技术的终端所使用，无法完成切换的问题。避免两种传输技术在第一信道上产生干扰，以及避免支持第一传输技术的终端无法全部切换造成的支持第一传输技术的终端之间传输中断或者高能耗的问题。
在一个示例中，所述第一终端可通过广播的方式，在所述第一信道发送第一指示信息。其他终端可以在第一信道接收第一指示信息，与所述第一终端采用的传输技术相同的终端可识别所述第一终端发送的第一指示信息。
在一种可能的设计中，在所述第一终端根据所述第一序列确定第一指示信息之前，该方法还包括以下步骤：所述第一终端确定在预设时间内接收的所述第一序列的数目超过预设门限，所述第一序列的数目用于指示所述第二终端的数目。
具体地，第二终端的数目超出预设门限，一定程度上，反映支持第二传输技术的终端占用第一信道的比例超出一定阈值。当第一终端检测到第二终端占用第一信道的比例超出阈值时，再在第一信道发送所述第一指示信息。可更加合理利用信道资源。
在一种可能的设计中，所述预设时间是基站配置或者是预配置的。
在一种可能的设计中，所述预设门限是基站配置或者是预配置的。
在一种可能的设计中，所述第一终端使用第二信道进行数据传输，所述第一信道与所述第二信道互不相同。
具体地，在第一信道上检测到支持第二传输技术的终端的第一终端，切换到第二信道进行数据传输。避免两种传输技术在第一信道上产生干扰的问 题。
进一步地，可设置门限，当预设时间内接收的第一序列的数目超过预设门限时，所述第一终端在第一信道发送所述第一指示信息以及所述第一终端使用第二信道进行数据传输。
在一种可能的设计中，所述第一终端通过所述第一信道的预留资源发送所述指示信息。
在一种可能的设计中，所述第一指示信息是第一信道的侧行链路同步序列；所述第一终端在所述第一信道发送所述第一指示信息，包括：所述第一终端在所述第一信道发送所述同步序列。
在一种可能的设计中，所述第一指示信息是第一信道的侧行链路广播信息中的至少一个比特；所述第一终端在所述第一信道发送所述第一指示信息，包括：所述第一终端在所述第一信道发送所述至少一个比特。
在一种可能的设计中，第一信道的物理侧行广播信道的解调参考信号包括所述第一指示信息；所述第一终端在所述第一信道发送所述第一指示信息，包括：所述第一终端在所述第一信道发送所述解调参考信号。
在一种可能的设计中，第一信道的时频资源的解调参考信号包括所述第一指示信息；所述第一终端在所述第一信道发送所述第一指示信息，包括：所述第一终端在所述第一信道发送所述解调参考信号。
在一种可能的设计中，所述第一指示信息是第一信道的时频资源中的至少一个数据包；所述第一终端在所述第一信道发送所述第一指示信息，包括：所述第一终端在所述第一信道发送所述至少一个数据包。
在一种可能的设计中，所述第一序列包括下述中的一个或多个：前导码序列、同步信号序列及参考信号序列。
可以理解的是，预留资源的配置方式，可根据实际需要做调整。预留资源为发送第一指示信息的通道，使得支持第一传输技术的终端之间可以通过在第一信道上检测预留资源的第一指示信息，判断第一信道是否被支持第二 传输技术的终端所使用。
在一种可能的设计中，所述第一终端周期性地在所述第一信道接收所述第一信息。
在一种可能的设计中，所述预留资源是预配置的资源，或基站配置的资源。
需要说明的是，支持第一传输技术的多个终端或支持第二传输技术的多个终端之间在所述第一信道或第二信道上进行终端到终端的通信。
在一种可能的设计中，所述第一传输技术和所述第二传输技术在所述第一信道的传输优先级不同。
在一种可能的设计中，所述第一传输技术为车联网LTE-V传输技术，所述第二传输技术为专用短距离通信DSRC技术。
在一种可能的设计中，在所述第一信道上，所述LTE-V传输技术的传输优先级低于所述DSRC传输技术。
在第二方面，本发明实施例提供了一种通信方法，该方法包括：
第三终端在第一信道接收第一信息，所述第一信息携带有第一指示信息，其中，所述第三终端支持第一传输技术，所述第一指示信息用于指示所述第一信道被支持第二传输技术的终端所使用；所述第三终端确定所述第一信道被支持第二传输技术的终端所使用；所述第三终端在所述第一信道转发所述第一指示信息。
具体地，检测到第一指示信息的第二终端，在第一信道上转发指示信息。以使距离可能更远的其他支持第一传输技术的终端检测到第一指示信息后，根据该第一指示信息确定第一信道被支持第二类传输技术的终端所使用，切换到第二信道进行数据传输。解决受距离等情况限制，与第三终端使用的传输技术相同的终端检测不到第一信道被支持第二传输技术的终端所使用，无法完成切换的问题。避免两种传输技术在第一信道上产生干扰，以及避免支 持第一传输技术的终端无法全部切换造成的支持第一传输技术的终端之间传输中断或者高能耗的问题。
在一种可能的设计中，所述第三终端使用第二信道进行数据传输，所述第一信道与所述第二信道互不相同。
具体地，检测到第一指示信息的第三终端，切换到第二信道进行数据传输。避免两种传输技术在第一信道上产生干扰的问题。
在一种可能的设计中，所述第三终端通过所述第一信道的预留资源转发所述指示信息，所述第三终端在所述第一信道接收所述第一指示信息与转发所述第一指示信息所使用的资源不同。
在一种可能的设计中，所述第一指示信息是第一信道的侧行链路同步序列；所述第一终端在所述第一信道转发所述第一指示信息，包括：所述第一终端在所述第一信道转发所述同步序列。
在一种可能的设计中，所述第一指示信息是第一信道的侧行链路广播信息中的至少一个比特；所述第一终端在所述第一信道转发所述第一指示信息，包括：所述第一终端在所述第一信道转发所述至少一个比特。
在一种可能的设计中，第一信道的物理侧行广播信道的解调参考信号包括所述第一指示信息；所述第一终端在所述第一信道转发所述第一指示信息，包括：所述第一终端在所述第一信道转发所述解调参考信号。
在一种可能的设计中，第一信道的时频资源的解调参考信号包括所述第一指示信息；所述第一终端在所述第一信道转发所述第一指示信息，包括：所述第一终端在所述第一信道转发所述解调参考信号。
在一种可能的设计中，所述第一指示信息是第一信道的时频资源中的至少一个数据包；所述第一终端在所述第一信道转发所述第一指示信息，包括：所述第一终端在所述第一信道转发所述至少一个数据包。
在一种可能的设计中，所述第三终端周期性地在所述第一信道接收所述第一信息。
在一种可能的设计中，所述预留资源是预配置的资源，或基站配置的资源。
在一种可能的设计中，所述第一传输技术和所述第二传输技术在所述第一信道的传输优先级不同。
在一种可能的设计中，所述第一传输技术为车联网LTE-V传输技术，所述第二传输技术为专用短距离通信DSRC技术。
在一种可能的设计中，在所述第一信道上，所述LTE-V传输技术的传输优先级低于所述DSRC传输技术。
在第三方面，本发明实施例提供了一种通信方法，该方法包括：
第四终端在第一信道接收第一信息，所述第一信息不携带有第二终端的第一序列，且所述第一信息不携带有第一指示信息，其中，所述第四终端支持第一传输技术，所述第二终端支持第二传输技术，所述第二终端的第一序列用于指示所述第一信道被支持所述第二传输技术的终端所使用，所述第一指示信息用于指示所述第一信道被支持所述第二传输技术的终端所使用；所述第四终端确定所述第一信道未被支持所述第二传输技术的终端所使用；所述第四终端使用所述第一信道进行数据传输。
具体地，支持第一传输技术的终端未在第一信道检测到第二终端的第一序列或未检测到第一指示信息时，确定第一信道未被支持所述第二传输技术的终端所使用，继续使用第一信道进行数据传输。或切换到第二信道后的支持第一传输技术的终端未在第一信道检测到第二终端的第一序列或未检测到第一指示信息时，将切换回第一信道进行数据传输。本发明实施例完善了支持不同传输技术的终端在信道间的切换问题，有效提升了通信系统的容量，提高了信道的利用率。
在一种可能的设计中，所述第四终端周期性地在所述第一信道接收所述第一信息。
在一种可能的设计中，所述第一传输技术和所述第二传输技术在所述第一信道的传输优先级不同。
在一种可能的设计中，所述第一传输技术为车联网LTE-V传输技术，所述第二传输技术为专用短距离通信DSRC技术。
在一种可能的设计中，在所述第一信道上，所述LTE-V传输技术的传输优先级低于所述DSRC传输技术。
在第四方面，本发明实施例提供了一种终端，该终端包括：接收单元、确定单元和发送单元。
接收单元，用于在第一信道接收第一信息，所述第一信息携带有至少一个第二终端的第一序列，其中，所述终端支持第一传输技术，所述第二终端支持第二传输技术，所述第二终端的第一序列用于指示所述第一信道被支持所述第二传输技术的终端所使用；确定单元，用于根据所述第一序列确定第一指示信息；发送单元，用于在所述第一信道发送所述第一指示信息，所述第一指示信息用于指示所述第一信道被支持所述第二传输技术的终端所使用。
在一种可能的设计中，所述确定单元，还用于确定在预设时间内所述接收单元接收的第一序列的数目超过预设门限，所述第一序列的数目用于指示所述第二终端的数目。
在一种可能的设计中，所述预设时间是基站配置或者是预配置的。
在一种可能的设计中，所述预设门限是基站配置或者是预配置的。
在一种可能的设计中，所述接收单元，还用于在第二信道接收信息；所述发送单元，还用于在所述第二信道发送信息，所述第一信道与所述第二信道互不相同。
在一种可能的设计中，所述第一指示信息是第一信道的侧行链路同步序列；所述发送单元，具体用于在所述第一信道发送所述同步序列。
在一种可能的设计中，所述第一指示信息是第一信道的侧行链路广播信息中的至少一个比特；所述发送单元，具体用于在所述第一信道发送所述至少一个比特。
在一种可能的设计中，第一信道的物理侧行广播信道的解调参考信号包括所述第一指示信息；所述发送单元，具体用于在所述第一信道发送所述解调参考信号。
在一种可能的设计中，第一信道的时频资源的解调参考信号包括所述第一指示信息；所述发送单元，具体用于在所述第一信道发送所述解调参考信号。
在一种可能的设计中，所述第一指示信息是第一信道的时频资源中的至少一个数据包；所述发送单元，具体用于在所述第一信道发送所述至少一个数据包。
在一种可能的设计中，所述第一序列包括下述中的一个或多个：前导码序列、同步信号序列及参考信号序列。
在一种可能的设计中，所述接收单元，具体用于周期性地在所述第一信道接收所述第一信息。
在第五方面，本发明实施例提供了一种终端，该终端包括：接收单元、确定单元和发送单元。
接收单元，用于在第一信道接收第一信息，所述第一信息携带有第一指示信息，其中，所述终端支持第一传输技术，所述第一指示信息用于指示所述第一信道被支持所述第二传输技术的终端所使用；确定单元，用于确定所述第一信道被支持所述第二传输技术的终端所使用；发送单元，用于在所述第一信道转发所述第一指示信息。
在一种可能的设计中，所述接收单元，还用于在第二信道接收信息；所述发送单元，还用于在所述第二信道发送信息，所述第一信道与所述第二信 道互不相同。
在一种可能的设计中，其特征在于，所述终端在所述第一信道接收所述指示信息与转发所述指示信息所使用的资源不同。
在一种可能的设计中，所述第一指示信息是第一信道的侧行链路同步序列；所述发送单元，具体用于在所述第一信道转发所述同步序列。
在一种可能的设计中，所述第一指示信息是第一信道的侧行链路广播信息中的至少一个比特；所述发送单元，具体用于在所述第一信道转发所述至少一个比特。
在一种可能的设计中，第一信道的物理侧行广播信道的解调参考信号包括所述第一指示信息；所述发送单元，具体用于在所述第一信道转发所述解调参考信号。
在一种可能的设计中，第一信道的时频资源的解调参考信号包括所述第一指示信息；所述发送单元，具体用于在所述第一信道转发所述解调参考信号。
在一种可能的设计中，所述第一指示信息是第一信道的时频资源中的至少一个数据包；所述发送单元，具体用于在所述第一信道转发所述至少一个数据包。
在一种可能的设计中，所述接收单元，具体用于周期性地在所述第一信道接收所述第一信息。
在第六方面，本发明实施例提供了一种终端，该终端包括：接收单元、确定单元及发送单元。
接收单元，用于在第一信道接收第一信息，所述第一信息不携带有第二终端的第一序列，且所述第一信息不携带有第一指示信息，其中，所述终端支持第一传输技术，所述第二终端支持第二传输技术，所述第二终端的第一序列用于指示所述第一信道被支持所述第二传输技术的终端所使用，所述第 一指示信息用于指示所述第一信道被支持所述第二传输技术的终端所使用；确定单元，用于确定所述第一信道未被支持所述第二传输技术的终端所使用；发送单元，用于使用所述第一信道进行数据传输。
具体地，支持第一传输技术的终端未在第一信道检测到第二终端的第一序列或未检测到第一指示信息时，确定第一信道未被支持所述第二传输技术的终端所使用，继续使用第一信道进行数据传输。或切换到第二信道后的支持第一传输技术的终端未在第一信道检测到第二终端的第一序列或未检测到第一指示信息时，将切换回第一信道进行数据传输。本发明实施例完善了支持不同传输技术的终端在信道间的切换问题，有效提升了通信系统的容量，提高了信道的利用率。
在一种可能的设计中，所述接收单元周期性地在所述第一信道接收所述第一信息。
在一种可能的设计中，所述第一传输技术和所述第二传输技术在所述第一信道的传输优先级不同。
在一种可能的设计中，所述第一传输技术为车联网LTE-V传输技术，所述第二传输技术为专用短距离通信DSRC技术。
在一种可能的设计中，在所述第一信道上，所述LTE-V传输技术的传输优先级低于所述DSRC传输技术。
在第七方面，本发明实施例提供了一种通信方法，该方法包括：
基站接收第一终端上报的第一信道被支持第二传输技术的终端所使用的信息，所述第一终端支持第一传输技术；所述基站确定所述第一信道被支持第二传输技术的终端所使用；所述基站配置支持所述第一传输技术的终端使用第二信道进行数据传输，所述第一信道与所述第二信道互不相同。
具体地，本发明实施例通过基站配置的方式，实现了支持不同传输技术的终端在信道间的切换问题。避免了不同传输技术在同一信道上的干扰问题。
在一种可能的设计中，当所述基站在预设时间内未收到所述第一终端上报的所述第一信道被支持第二传输技术的终端使用的信息时，所述基站配置所述支持所述第一传输技术的终端使用所述第一信道进行数据传输。
具体地，基站通过预设时间的机制，解决了原信道不存在支持第二传输技术的终端时，第一终端及时切换回去的问题。完善了支持不同传输技术的终端在信道间的切换问题，有效提升了通信系统的容量，提高了信道的利用率。
在一种可能的设计中，所述基站通过无线资源控制RRC、下行控制信息DCI、系统信息块SIB中一个或多个的方式配置所述第一类终端使用第二信道进行数据传输。
基于上述技术方案，本发明实施例提供一种通信方法及终端，可以避免不同传输技术之间的干扰。如本发明实施例可以使得DSRC传输技术和LTE-V传输技术更好的共存，同时可降低D2D通信的能耗，提升通信系统的容量，提高了信道的利用率。
附图说明
图1为现有D2D通信系统架构示意图；
图2为本发明实施提供的一种通信系统架构示意图；
图3为本发明实施例提供的一种通信方法流程图示意图；
图4a为终端在模式1下通过广播方式向周围的其他车辆发送自身的状态信息的示意图；
图4b为终端在模式2下通过广播方式向周围的其他车辆发送自身的状态信息的示意图；
图5为本发明实施例提供的一种终端架构示意图；
图6为本发明实施例提供的另一种终端架构示意图；
图7为本发明实施例提供的另一种通信方法流程图示意图；
图8为本发明实施例提供的又一种终端架构示意图；
图9为本发明实施例提供的再一种终端架构示意图；
图10为本发明实施例提供的又一种通信方法流程图示意图；
图11为本发明实施例提供的再另一种终端架构示意图；
图12为本发明实施例提供的再又一种终端架构示意图；
图13为本发明实施例提供的再一种通信方法流程图示意图；
图14为本发明实施例提供的另一种通信系统架构示意图。
具体实施方式
为使本发明实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
本发明实施例描述的网络架构以及业务场景是为了更加清楚的说明本发明实施例的技术方案，并不构成对于本发明实施例提供的技术方案的限定，本领域普通技术人员可知，随着网络架构的演变和新业务场景的出现，本发明实施例提供的技术方案对于类似的技术问题，同样适用。
本发明实施例中，名词“网络”和“系统”经常交替使用，但本领域的技术人员可以理解其含义。本发明实施例所涉及到的基站(base station，BS)是一种部署在无线接入网中用以为终端提供无线通信功能的装置。具有无线资源的管理功能，与终端进行通信，或者作为中央控制器协助终端间进行直接通信。
图2为本发明实施例提供的通信系统架构示意图。本发明实施例描述的技术可以适用于长期演进(Long Term Evolution，LTE)系统，或其他采用各种无线接入技术的无线通信系统，例如采用码分多址，频分多址，时分多址， 正交频分多址，单载波频分多址等接入技术的系统。此外，还可以适用于使用LTE系统后续的演进系统，如第五代5G系统等。为清楚起见，这里仅以LTE系统为例进行说明。更具体地，本发明实施例提供的通信方法适用于车联网系统中，或者D2D系统中，有无基站参与均可。
本发明实施例所涉及到的终端可以包括各种具有无线通信功能的车载设备或连接到无线调制解调器的其它处理设备。包括但不限于车辆、手持设备、可以与基站设备进行通信或者与其他的终端进行直接通信的设备等。为方便描述，本发明实施例中，上面提到的设备统称为终端。
如图2所示，多个终端之间可以直接进行通信。终端可采用两种传输技术进行相互数据传输：LTE-V或DSRC传输技术。可按所支持的传输技术将终端划分为：第一类终端和第二类终端。
本发明的一个实施例提供一种通信方法及终端。第一类终端和第二类终端通过共用的多个信道进行数据传输，以多个信道包括第一信道和第二信道为例进行说明。第一类终端支持第一传输技术，第二类终端支持第二类传输技术。第一类终端在第一信道接收第一信息，当第一信息携带第一指示信息或至少一个第二类终端的第一序列时，第一类终端确定所述第一信道被支持所述第二传输技术的终端所使用，第一类终端使用第二信道进行数据传输。第二类终端的第一序列或所述第一指示信息用于指示所述第一信道被支持所述第二传输技术的终端所使用。第一类终端和第二类终端在不同信道上支持的传输技术的传输优先级可能不同。
第一类终端中的一个在第一信道检测到至少一个第二终端的第一序列时，第一类终端中的一个在第一信道发送所述第一指示信息，第一类终端中的一个使用其他信道进行数据传输。第一类终端中的其他在第一信道检测到第一指示信息，第一类终端中的其他在第一信道转发所述第一指示信息，第一类终端中的其他使用其他信道进行数据传输。
需要说明的是，本发明实施例在第一信道上，将使用的传输技术不同的 终端分配到不同信道上，以避免不同传输技术之间的干扰。其中，本发明实施例可不具体限定第一类终端使用的第一传输技术和第二类终端使用的第二传输技术的传输优先级。例如，当第一传输技术和第二传输技术在第一信道的传输优先级不同时，其中一类终端在第一信道检测到另一类终端的至少一个第一序列或者检测到提示另一类终端存在的指示信息时，其中一类终端将使用第二信道进行数据传输。此外，提示另一类终端存在的指示信息可由其中一类终端中的任一检测到至少一个另一类终端序列的终端发出，接收到指示信息的其中一类终端中的任一终端会转发该指示信息，以使距离更远的其他第一类终端接收到该指示信息，根据该指示信息进行信道切换。其中，终端的序列用于指示与该终端支持相同传输技术的终端使用第一信道。
需要说明的是，本发明实施例提供的通信方法属于D2D通信。与传统的蜂窝通信技术最大的不同在于，D2D通信不再需要基站的中转直接就可以进行通信，基站可以进行资源的配置、调度、协调等，辅助终端之间直接进行通信。D2D技术是采用广播的形式进行数据的传输，包含两个特性：发现(discovery)和通信(communication)。Discovery是终端周期性的广播信息，从而使得在他周围的用户可以检测到该信息并且发现该用户；Communication是两个终端之间数据的直接传输。
可以理解的是，ITS-D2D通信受距离的限制，根据D2D通信的传输特性，在第一信道检测到至少一个第二类终端的第一序列的第一类终端中的一个在第一信道发送指示信息。第一类终端中的其他终端可以在第一信道接收并识别第一终端发送的指示信息。此外，第二终端识别该指示信息后，将转发该指示信息，以使检测不到该第二类终端的其他第一类终端根据指示信息确定第二类终端使用该第一信道，进而使得第一类终端根据在第一信道上检测到的至少一个第二类终端的第一序列或者该指示信息切换到第二信道进行数据传输。
具体地，本发明对第一传输技术和第二传输技术在第一信道或者第二信 道的传输优先级不做具体限定。可根据实际需要做调整。本发明实施例旨在使得支持不同传输技术的终端采用不同的信道进行数据传输，避免不同传输技术之间的干扰，以及避免第一类终端无法全部切换造成的第一类终端之间传输中断或者高能耗的问题。
可以理解的是，本发明实施例提供的通信方法，可以克服D2D通信中，受距离或其他情况下限制，第一类终端在第一信道检测不到第二类终端存在的情况。通过本发明实施例提供的通信方法，可以使得支持不同传输技术的终端更好的在共用的多个信道上共存，更好的避免不同传输技术之间的干扰情况。
在本发明实施例中，第一类终端可以是使用LTE-V传输技术的LTE-V终端，第二类终端可以是使用DSRC传输技术的DSRC终端。其中，LTE-V终端与DSRC终端在第一信道的传输优先级不同，例如，LTE-V终端在第一信道的传输优先级低于DSRC终端。当LTE-V终端在第一信道检测到DRSC信道的存在时，LTE-V终端切换到第二信道进行数据传输，同时LTE-V终端在第一信道上发送指示信息，用于指示在第一信道上检测到DSRC终端。当其他LTE-V在第一信道上接收到所述指示信息后，其他LTE-V终端在第一信道转发所述指示信息，并切换到第二信道进行数据传输。
如图2所示，C1代表第二类终端(DSRC终端)，C2、C3、C4代表第一类终端(LTE-V终端)。当距离C1最近的C2接收信道1的信息，检测到信道1的信息携带至少一个C1的第一序列时，确定信道1上存在DSRC终端，即信道1上存在DSRC传输技术。当预定时间内，C2接收到的第一序列的数目超过预定门限时，则C2在信道1的预留资源上发送指示信息，该指示信息指示信道1上存在DSRC终端，且C2切换到信道2进行数据传输。其中，该预定门限可以为1个。距离C2近的C3接收信道1的信息，识别C2发送的指示信息，确定信道1上存在DSRC终端，则C3在信道1的预留资源上转发该指示信息，且C3切换到信道2进行数据传输。同样地，接收到C3转发的指示信息的C4 继续转发该指示信息，且C4切换到信道2进行数据传输。
本发明实施例提供的通信方法及终端，LTE-V终端在第一信道上检测到DSRC终端后，在第一信道上向其他LTE-V终端发送指示DSRC使用第一信道进行数据传输的指示信息，其他LTE-V终端在第一信道上接收到所述指示信息后对该指示信息进行转发，使得在第一信道上检测到DSRC终端或者检测到所述指示信息的LTE-V终端切换到第二信道进行数据传输。从而使得由于终端的距离限制未检测到DSRC终端的LTE-V终端可以通过指示信息进行信道切换，使得DSRC终端和LTE-V终端更好的共存，实现了低耗能、高效的数据传输。
以第一类终端包括第一终端、第三终端和第四终端、第二类终端包括第二终端为例进行说明。在本发明实施例中，第一终端在第一信道接收到携带至少一个第二终端的第一序列的第一信息，在第一信道发送第一指示信息，并切换到第二信道进行数据传输。以下结合附图3，详细对本发明实施例提供的方案进行说明，图3为本发明实施例提供的一种通信方法流程图，在本发明实施例中实施主体为第一终端。如图3所示，该实施例具体包括以下步骤：
步骤S101，第一终端在第一信道接收第一信息，所述第一信息携带有至少一个第二终端的第一序列，其中，所述第一终端支持第一传输技术，所述第二终端支持第二传输技术，所述第二终端的第一序列用于指示所述第一信道被支持所述第二传输技术的终端所使用。
在LTE-V系统中，车辆与其他节点之间的通信，通常有两种方式。第一种，车辆采用广播的方式向周围的其他车辆发送自身的状态信息，不需要基站进行数据的转发，这种通信方式和LTE-D2D系统类似。第二种，车辆的信息通过基站转发，车辆首先将状态信息发送给基站，基站再通过单播或者广播的方式将数据发送给其他车辆或者节点。
需要说明的是，车辆通过基站转发信息的方式，可参见本发明图13所示的实施例中的介绍，以下先对车辆采用广播的方式进行D2D或V2V通信，介 绍本发明实施例。
以下通过对LTE-D2D系统的通信方式做详细介绍，以说明本发明实施例提供的通信方法。
D2D技术中Communication采用调度分配(SA)+数据(Data)的机制。
其中，SA：调度分配信息，是用来指示从发端发出的数据的状态信息，包括数据的时域资源图案(time resource pattern，T-RPT)信息、调制与编码策略(Modulation and Coding Scheme，MCS)信息、跳频指示、定时提前信息、接收组ID信息等。其中T-RPT指示其对应的数据部分所占用的时间资源，即数据部分在哪些子帧上进行传输。进而接收端能够根据SA的指示进行业务数据的接收。Data：数据，发端在SA指示的时频资源位置，使用SA指示的格式发出的业务数据。如果D2D的终端在小区覆盖范围内，基站会为D2D终端分配传输资源池，用于D2D终端进行数据传输。
具体地，该资源池是传输资源的集合，是由基站配置的用于D2D传输的时频资源信息。基站可以配置不同的资源池，如discovery资源池，SA资源池，data资源池等。D2D系统的SA资源池和data资源池是时分的，并且SA资源池在data资源池前面，data所用的传输资源是由SA来指示的。其中，车联网中的车车通信(Vehicle to Vehicle，V2V)也是采用D2D通信方式。在V2V系统中，SA资源池和data资源池可以是频分的，即SA和data在同一子帧中占据不同的频域资源。终端根据基站广播的资源池信息，在相应的资源池内发射或者侦听信号，实现D2D传输。
图4为本发明实施例提供的终端通过广播方式向周围的其他车辆发送自身的状态信息的示意图。通信部分又分为两种工作模式，模式1(如图4a)和模式2(如图4b)。终端(如车辆)采用D2D广播的方式发送数据，可以采用模式1或者模式2的方式进行数据的发送。在模式1中，基站为每个D2D终端分配确定的时频资源用于该终端进行D2D的传输，如图4a中，“D2D-SA-grant”表示基站为终端分配确定的SA资源，“D2D-data-grant” 表示基站为终端分配确定的data资源。在模式2中，终端自主的在SA资源池内采用随机或者侦听的方式选取SA资源，在数据资源池中采用随机或者侦听的方式选取数据资源进行D2D传输，“SA+data”表示采用SA、data资源进行D2D数据传输。
另外，接收终端在SA的资源池内盲检测SA，然后通过SA中指示的数据时频资源信息到数据资源池中相应的资源上检测数据。其中，D2D系统中终端每个子帧盲检测SA的最大次数是有上限的。
需要说明的是，第一终端可通过模式1的方式请求基站在第一信道在资源池内分配确定的时频资源发送指示信息。此外，第一终端也可通过模式2的方式自主的在SA资源池内采用随机或者侦听的方式选取SA资源，在数据资源池中采用随机或者侦听的方式选取数据资源发送指示信息。同样地，支持第一传输技术的其他终端也可通过模式1或者模式2的方式在第一信道上发送相关信息。以下不再赘述。
需要说明的是，第一终端通过在第一信道的SA资源池内盲检测SA，然后通过SA中指示的数据时频资源信息到数据资源池中相应的资源上检测第一信道的数据。同样地，支持第一传输技术的其他终端也可通过该方式接收第一信道的信息。以下不再赘述。
其中，所述第一终端周期性地在所述第一信道接收所述第一信息。如，第一终端可按一定的时间间隔接收所述第一信道的第一信息。
可以理解的是，图4中所示的两种工作模式均适用于本发明实施例提供的通信方法。以下不做赘述。
步骤S102，所述第一终端根据所述第一序列确定第一指示信息。
具体地，第二类终端的第一序列包括下述中的一个或多个：前导码序列Preamble、同步信号序列及参考信号序列。或者其他任何能够识别出来第二类终端的信号。终端的前导码或信号与终端使用的传输技术存在对应关系。
在一个示例中，第二终端可以为DSRC终端或LTE-V终端。当第二终端为 DSRC终端时，第一序列为前导码序列。当第二终端为LTE-V终端时，第一序列为同步信号序列或参考信号序列。
所述第一终端根据所述第一序列，确定所述第一信道被支持所述第二传输技术的终端所使用。所述第一终端确定第一指示信息，所述第一指示信息用于指示所述第一信道被支持所述第二传输技术的终端所使用。在一个示例中，所述第一终端可通过广播的方式，在所述第一信道发送信息。其他终端可以接收第一信道的信息，与所述第一终端支持的传输技术相同的其他终端可识别所述第一终端的信息。
优选地，在所述第一终端根据所述第一序列确定第一指示信息之前，该实施例所述的方法还包括以下步骤：所述第一终端确定在预设时间内接收的所述第一序列的数目超过预设门限，所述第一序列的数目用于指示所述第二终端的数目。其中，所述预设时间是基站配置或者是预配置的。所述预设门限是基站配置或者是预配置的。
需要说明的是，第二终端的数目反映支持第二传输技术的终端占用第一信道的比例。当第一终端检测到第二终端占用第一信道的比例超出阈值时，再在第一信道发送所述第一指示信息。可合理利用第一信道的资源。例如，DSRC终端可能会间隔100ms发送一次携带前导码序列的数据包，支持DSRC传输技术终端的前导码序列之间的区别不大，可认为DSRC终端的前导码序列是相同的。则，LTE-V终端可根据100ms内检测到的前导码序列的数目，确定DSRC终端的数目。进一步地，DRSC终端的数目反映了DSRC终端占用第一信道资源的比例，则当DSRC终端的数据超出预设门限时，第一终端在第一信道发送所述第一指示信息。
在一个示例中，当100ms内检测到20台DSRC终端存在时，LTE-V终端将在第一信道发送第一指示信息。
另外，不同DSRC终端发送前导码的周期可能不相同。其中，前导码的数目与DSRC终端的数量可能不是严格对应的。本发明实施例提供的技术方案， 预定时间内接收的前导码的数目可反映该时间段内的DSRC终端出现的概率。
需要说明的是，预设在LTE-V终端在第一信道检测到DSRC终端的数目超出一定数量后，再在第一信道发生指示第一信道被支持DSRC终端使用的信息，以及切换到第二信道进行数据传输。虽然在LTE-V终端检测到DSRC终端数目未超出一定数量时，DSRC传输技术与LTE-V传输技术有一定的影响。但该方案可避免DSRC终端数量过少，LTE-V终端切换后，第一信道资源过多闲置的问题。本发明实施例可通过设置合适的数量门限，达到在传输技术干扰和信道资源利用之间均衡的效果。
进一步地，所述第一终端使用第二信道进行数据传输。其中，第一终端通过所述第二信道发送数据，第一终端在第二信道发送的数据用于和第一类终端中的其他终端进行通信。
可以理解的是，第一终端使用第二信道进行数据传输和所述第一终端在所述第一信道发送所述第一指示信息的机制是相同的。具体地，当所述第一信息携带至少一个所述第二终端的第一序列或所述第一信息携带至少一个所述第二终端的第一序列，且预设时间内接收的所述第一序列的数目超过预设门限时，所述第一终端在所述第一信道发送所述第一指示信息，以及第一终端使用第二信道进行数据传输。保证与第一终端支持的传输技术相同的终端，在其中一个检测到支持第二传输技术的终端，或检测到的支持第二传输技术的终端的数目满足预设条件时，与其他支持第一传输技术的终端同步进行信道切换。
步骤S103，所述第一终端在所述第一信道发送所述第一指示信息，所述第一指示信息用于指示所述第一信道被支持所述第二传输技术的终端所使用。
具体地，所述第一终端通过所述第一信道的预留资源发送所述指示信息。下面通过多种预留资源的配置方式，说明本发明实施例提供的通信方法。
需要说明的是，第一终端可为LTE-V终端，第二终端可为DSRC终端。以 下以信道1、信道2，以及DSRC终端、LTE-V终端A、LTE-V终端B为例进行说明。其中，DSRC终端在信道1的传输优先级高于LTE-V终端。
在信道1上预留一个资源，该资源可以是一个特定资源或者是某个资源池中的一个资源。
当LTE-V终端A在信道1上检测到DSRC终端时，会切换到信道2进行LTE-V传输，LTE-V终端A也会在信道1预留的资源发送指示信息，用于表示在信道1上检测到DSRC终端。
其中，LTE-V终端A周期性地在信道1上检测是否存在DSRC终端，当检测到DSRC终端时，在信道1预留的资源发送指示信息。也可理解该指示信息是周期性发送的，当未在信道1上检测到DSRC终端时，中断发送该指示信息。
具体地，所述第一指示信息是第一信道的侧行链路同步序列；所述第一终端在所述第一信道发送所述第一指示信息，包括：所述第一终端在所述第一信道发送所述同步序列。
具体地，所述第一指示信息是第一信道的侧行链路广播信息中的至少一个比特；所述第一终端在所述第一信道发送所述第一指示信息，包括：所述第一终端在所述第一信道发送所述至少一个比特。
具体地，第一信道的物理侧行广播信道的解调参考信号包括所述第一指示信息；所述第一终端在所述第一信道发送所述第一指示信息，包括：所述第一终端在所述第一信道发送所述解调参考信号。
例如，所述第一终端通过所述第一信道的侧行链路同步信号(Side Link Synchronization Signal，SLSS)资源中特定的同步序列发送所述指示信息。
又例如，所述第一终端通过所述第一信道上发送的侧行链路广播信息中的特定比特发送所述指示信息，或通过所述第一信道上的物理侧行广播信道(Physical Sidelink Broadcast Channel，PSBCH)的解调参考信号(Demodulation Reference Signal，DMRS)发送所述指示信息。
具体地，第一信道的时频资源的解调参考信号包括所述第一指示信息； 所述第一终端在所述第一信道发送所述第一指示信息，包括：所述第一终端在所述第一信道发送所述解调参考信号。
具体地，所述第一指示信息是第一信道的时频资源中的至少一个数据包；所述第一终端在所述第一信道发送所述第一指示信息，包括：所述第一终端在所述第一信道发送所述至少一个数据包。再例如，所述第一终端通过所述第一信道的特定时频位置集合组成的资源中的DMRS信号或数据包发送所述指示信息。该时频位置集合组成的资源可以是一个特定的时频位置，如时间资源是相对于SLSS子帧的X ms之后的一个子帧，频域资源是Y个物理资源块(Physical Resourse Block,PRB)，起始位置为相对于系统带宽的起始位置Z个PRB。在该资源上传输指示信息，可以通过DMRS来携带指示信息，如特定的DMRS序列、循环移位CS(Cyclic Shift)、扰码等方式，或者在数据包中携带指示信息。
需要说明的是，这里的DMRS信号可由其他可用的参考信号(Reference Signal,RS)或者导频信号代替。导频符号是由基序列、循环移位、正交掩码(Orthogonal Cover Code，OCC)等组成，第一指示信息可以通过不同的形式来指示，如通过导频符号不同的循环移位来指示是否携带指示信息。本领域技术人员可以理解的是，采用其他RS信号或导频信号携带指示信息的方式，均应属于本发明实施例的保护范围。
可以理解的是，可将上述预留资源发送指示信息的方式中的一个或多个结合。即在SLSS资源上发送特殊信号，通过导频或者数据包携带第一指示信息；或在PSBCH的资源上发送特殊信号，通过导频或者数据包携带第一指示信息等。
另外，在信道1上的LTE-V终端B会在预留的资源上检测是否存在指示信息，如果检测到指示信息，LTE-V终端B切换到信道2，并且也在预留的资源上发送指示信息。如果未检测到指示信息，LTE-V终端B仍旧在信道1上进行LTE-V传输。
需要说明的是，LTE-V终端B也在预留资源上发送指示信息，其中，LTE-V终端B发送指示信息使用的资源不同于LTE-V终端A发送指示信息使用的资源。此外，可将LTE-V终端B发送指示信息理解为LTE-V终端B转发LTE-V终端A的指示信息。
进一步地，当LTE-V终端A或LTE-V终端B切换到信道2后，将会按一定时间间隔接收一次信道1的信息，继续检测信道1是否存在DSRC终端或指示信息，当检测到信道1上存在DSRC终端或者指示信息时，LTE-V终端A或LTE-V终端B会在信道1上发送指示信息，并继续使用信道2进行数据传输。在信道1上预留资源用于指示该信道上存在DSRC终端，从而使得未能检测到DSRC终端的LTE-V终端也能通过检测该指示信息识别该信道上存在DSRC终端。
本发明实施例提供的通信方法，LTE-V传输技术和DSRC传输技术在信道1的传输优先级不同，当LTE-V终端在信道1上检测到DSRC终端时，切换到信道2进行LTE-V传输，并且在信道1上发送指示信息用于指示存在DSRC终端。其他未能检测到DSRC终端的LTE-V终端可以通过检测该指示信息获知在信道1上存在DSRC终端，并且切换到信道2上。
上述实施例描述的方法，可使得DSRC传输技术和LTE-V传输技术更好的共存，提高D2D传输效率，避免同一信道上两种传输技术的相互干扰。相应地，本发明实施例提供一种终端，用以实现前述实施例中提供的通信方法，如图5所示，所述终端包括：接收单元510、确定单元520和发送单元530。
所述终端的接收单元510用于在第一信道接收第一信息，所述第一信息携带有至少一个第二终端的第一序列，其中，所述终端支持第一传输技术，所述第二终端支持第二传输技术，所述第二终端的第一序列用于指示所述第一信道被支持所述第二传输技术的终端所使用。
确定单元520用于根据所述第一序列确定第一指示信息。
发送单元530用于在所述第一信道发送所述第一指示信息，所述第一指 示信息用于指示所述第一信道被支持所述第二传输技术的终端所使用。
发送单元530用于通过所述第二信道发送数据，所述数据用于与所述终端支持相同传输技术的其他终端进行通信。
进一步地，确定单元520还用于确定在预设时间内所述接收单元510接收的所述第一序列的数目超过预设门限，所述第一序列的数目用于指示所述第二终端的数目。其中，所述预设时间是基站配置或者是预配置的。所述预设门限是基站配置或者是预配置的。
优选地，当所述信息携带有至少一个第二终端的第一序列或在第一预设时间内所述接收单元510接收的所述第一序列的数目超出预设门限时，所述接收单元510，还用于在第二信道接收信息；所述发送单元530，还用于在所述第二信道发送信息，所述第一信道与所述第二信道互不相同。
可以理解的是，终端使用第二信道进行数据传输和所述终端在所述第一信道发送所述第一指示信息的机制是相同的。具体地，当所述第一信息携带至少一个所述第二终端的第一序列，或所述第一信息携带至少一个所述第二终端的第一序列，且预设时间内接收的所述第一序列的数目超过预设门限时，终端在所述第一信道发送所述第一指示信息，以及终端使用第二信道进行数据传输。保证与终端支持的传输技术相同的终端，在其中一个检测到支持第二传输技术的终端，或检测到的支持第二传输技术的终端的数目满足预设条件时，同步进行信道切换。本发明实施例可通过设置合适的数量门限，达到在传输技术干扰和信道资源利用之间均衡的效果。
优选地，所述发送单元530具体用于通过所述第一信道的预留资源发送所述指示信息。
具体地，所述预留资源是预配置的资源，或基站配置的资源。所述第一传输技术和所述第二传输技术在所述第一信道的传输优先级不同。
在一个示例中，所述第一传输技术为车联网LTE-V传输技术，所述第二传输技术为专用短距离通信DSRC技术。在所述第一信道上，所述LTE-V传输 技术的传输优先级低于所述DSRC传输技术。
具体地，所述第一指示信息是第一信道的侧行链路同步序列；所述发送单元530，具体用于在所述第一信道发送所述同步序列。
具体地，所述第一指示信息是第一信道的侧行链路广播信息中的至少一个比特；所述发送单元530，具体用于在所述第一信道发送所述至少一个比特。
具体地，第一信道的物理侧行广播信道的解调参考信号包括所述第一指示信息；所述发送单元530，具体用于在所述第一信道发送所述解调参考信号。
具体地，第一信道的时频资源的解调参考信号包括所述第一指示信息；所述发送单元530，具体用于在所述第一信道发送所述解调参考信号。
具体地，所述第一指示信息是第一信道的时频资源中的至少一个数据包；所述发送单元530，具体用于在所述第一信道发送所述至少一个数据包。
具体地，所述第一序列包括下述中的一个或多个：前导码序列、同步信号序列及参考信号序列。
具体地，所述接收单元510，具体用于周期性地在所述第一信道接收所述第一信息。
另外，本发明实施例提供的终端还可以采用的实现方式如下，用以实现前述本发明实施例中的通信方法，如图6所示，所述终端包括：接收器610、处理器620和发射器630。
所述终端的接收器610用于在第一信道接收第一信息，所述第一信息携带有至少一个第二终端的第一序列，其中，所述第一终端支持第一传输技术，所述第二终端支持第二传输技术，所述第二终端的第一序列用于指示所述第一信道被支持所述第二传输技术的终端所使用。
处理器620用于根据所述第一序列确定第一指示信息。
发射器630用于在所述第一信道发送所述第一指示信息，所述第一指示信息用于指示所述第一信道被支持所述第二传输技术的终端所使用。
处理器620还用于确定在预设时间所述接收器610接收的所述第一序列 的数目超过预设门限，所述第一序列的数目用于指示所述第二终端的数目。其中，所述预设时间是基站配置或者是预配置的。所述预设门限是基站配置或者是预配置的。
发射器630用于通过第二信道发送数据，所述数据用于和所述终端使用相同传输技术的其他终端进行通信。优选地，当所述信息携带有至少一个第二终端的第一序列或在第一预设时间内所述接收器610接收的所述第一序列的数目超出预设门限时，所述接收器610还用于接收第二信道的信息；所述发射器630还用于通过第二信道发送信息。
优选地，所述发射器630具体用于通过所述第一信道的预留资源发送所述指示信息。
具体地，所述预留资源是预配置的资源，或基站配置的资源。所述第一传输技术和所述第二传输技术在所述第一信道的传输优先级不同。
在一个示例中，所述第一传输技术为车联网LTE-V传输技术，所述第二传输技术为专用短距离通信DSRC技术。在所述第一信道上，所述LTE-V传输技术的传输优先级低于所述DSRC传输技术。
具体地，所述第一指示信息是第一信道的侧行链路同步序列；所述发射器630，具体用于在所述第一信道发送所述同步序列。
具体地，所述第一指示信息是第一信道的侧行链路广播信息中的至少一个比特；所述发射器630，具体用于在所述第一信道发送所述至少一个比特。
具体地，第一信道的物理侧行广播信道的解调参考信号包括所述第一指示信息；所述发射器630，具体用于在所述第一信道发送所述解调参考信号。
具体地，第一信道的时频资源的解调参考信号包括所述第一指示信息；所述发射器630，具体用于在所述第一信道发送所述解调参考信号。
具体地，所述第一指示信息是第一信道的时频资源中的至少一个数据包；所述发射器630，具体用于在所述第一信道发送所述至少一个数据包。
具体地，所述第一序列包括下述中的一个或多个：前导码序列、同步信 号序列及参考信号序列。
具体地，所述接收器610，具体用于周期性地在所述第一信道接收所述第一信息。
优选地，所述接收器610周期性地接收所述第一信道的信息。其中，当接收器610上一次接收第一信道的信息，通过确定第一信道的信息携带有至少一个第二终端的第一序列检测到第二终端使用第一信道进行数据传输时，终端使用第二信道进行数据传输。切换到第二信道后的终端，接收器610按一定的时间间隔，接收第一信道的信息，通过确定第一信道的信息未携带第二终端的第一序列或第一指示信息时，则本实施例提供的终端将从第二信道切换到第一信道进行数据传输。
可以理解的是，图6仅仅示出了终端的简化设计。在实际应用中，终端可以包含任意数量的发射器，接收器，处理器等，而所有可以实现本发明的终端都在本发明的保护范围之内。
在本发明实施例中，第三终端在第一信道接收到携带第一指示信息的第一信息，在第一信道转发该第一指示信息，并切换到第二信道进行数据传输。下面结合图7，详细对本发明实施例提供的方案进行说明，图7为本发明实施例提供的另一种通信方法流程图，在本发明实施例中实施主体为第三终端。如图7所示，该实施例具体包括以下步骤：
步骤S201，第三终端在第一信道接收第一信息，所述第一信息携带有第一指示信息，其中，所述第三终端支持第一传输技术，所述第一指示信息用于指示所述第一信道被支持第二传输技术的终端所使用。
具体地，当所述第一信息携带有第一指示信息时，所述第三终端确定所述第一信道被支持第二传输技术的终端所使用。
步骤S202，所述第三终端在所述第一信道转发所述第一指示信息。
进一步地，第三终端接收所述第一信道的信息，当所述信息携带所述第一指示信息时，所述第三终端使用第二信道进行数据传输。其中，第三终端 通过所述第二信道发送数据，第三终端在第二信道发送的数据用于和支持第一传输技术的其他终端进行通信。
优选地，所述第三终端通过所述第一信道的预留资源转发所述指示信息，所述第三终端在所述第一信道接收所述指示信息与转发所述指示信息所使用的资源不同。例如：设第三终端接收的指示信息是由上述第一终端发送或广播的。如果第一终端使用预留资源中的资源A发送或广播该指示信息，则第三终端使用预留资源中的资源B发送、转发或广播该指示信息。
具体地，所述预留资源是预配置的资源，或基站配置的资源。所述第一传输技术和所述第二传输技术在所述第一信道的传输优先级可能不同。其中，预留资源的具体配置方式，可参照图3所示的实施例中的介绍，在此不做赘述。
在一个示例中，所述第一传输技术为车联网LTE-V传输技术，所述第二传输技术为专用短距离通信DSRC技术。在所述第一信道上，所述LTE-V传输技术的传输优先级低于所述DSRC传输技术。
本发明实施例提供的通信方法，通过LTE-V终端在第一信道检测到指示DSRC终端使用第一信道进行数据传输的指示信息后，转发该指示信息，并使用第二信道进行数据传输。使得LTE-V终端可以共享检测到DSRC终端存在的信息，同时，通过LTE-V终端之间转发该指示信息，克服受距离等情况限制某些LTE-V终端未能检测到DSRC终端而未能及时切换到第二信道的问题。
需要说明的是，在同一信道上，LTE-V终端之间，可以识别相互之间的信息，如果LTE-V终端未能及时切换到相同的信道上去，会导致不同信道的LTE-V终端的通信切断。因此，LTE-V终端会对多个信道的信息都进行接收，以避免信息的遗失。采用本发明实施例提供的通信方法，可以使得LTE-V终端一并切换到第二信道，同时，LTE-V终端切换的信道可预先设定好，使得切换后的LTE-V终端使用相同信道进行数据传输。
相应地，本发明实施例提供又一种终端，用以实现前述实施例中提供的 通信方法，如图8所示，所述终端包括：接收单元810、确定单元820和发送单元830。
所述终端的接收单元810用于在第一信道接收第一信息，所述第一信息携带有第一指示信息，其中，所述终端支持第一传输技术，所述第一指示信息用于指示所述第一信道被支持所述第二传输技术的终端所使用。
确定单元820用于确定所述第一信道被支持所述第二传输技术的终端所使用。
发送单元830用于在所述第一信道转发所述第一指示信息。
发送单元830用于通过第二信道发送数据，所述数据用于和与所述终端使用相同传输技术的其他终端进行通信。
优选地，当所述第一信息携带所述第一指示信息时，所述接收单元810还用于接收第二信道的信息，所述发送单元830还用于通过第二信道发送信息。
优选地，所述发送单元830具体用于通过所述第一信道的预留资源转发所述指示信息。所述终端在所述第一信道接收所述指示信息与转发所述指示信息所使用的资源不同。
具体地，所述第一指示信息是第一信道的侧行链路同步序列；所述发送单元830，具体用于在所述第一信道转发所述同步序列。
具体地，所述第一指示信息是第一信道的侧行链路广播信息中的至少一个比特；所述发送单元830，具体用于在所述第一信道转发所述至少一个比特。
具体地，第一信道的物理侧行广播信道的解调参考信号包括所述第一指示信息；所述发送单元830，具体用于在所述第一信道转发所述解调参考信号。
具体地，第一信道的时频资源的解调参考信号包括所述第一指示信息；所述发送单元830，具体用于在所述第一信道转发所述解调参考信号。
具体地，所述第一指示信息是第一信道的时频资源中的至少一个数据包；所述发送单元830，具体用于在所述第一信道转发所述至少一个数据包。
具体地，所述接收单元810，具体用于周期性地在所述第一信道接收所述第一信息。
另外，本发明实施例提供的终端还可以采用的实现方式如下，用以实现前述本发明实施例中的通信方法，如图9所示，所述终端包括：接收器910、处理器920和发射器930。
所述终端的接收器910用于在第一信道接收第一信息，所述第一信息携带有第一指示信息，其中，所述终端支持第一传输技术，所述第一指示信息用于指示所述第一信道被支持所述第二传输技术的终端所使用。
处理器920用于确定所述第一信道被支持所述第二传输技术的终端所使用。
发射器930用于用于在所述第一信道转发所述第一指示信息。
发射器930用于通过第二信道发送数据，所述数据用于和所述终端使用相同传输技术的其他终端进行通信。
优选地，当所述第一信息携带有所述第一指示信息时，所述接收器910还用于接收第二信道的信息；所述发射器930还用于通过第二信道发送信息。
优选地，所述发射器930具体用于通过所述第一信道的预留资源发送所述指示信息。所述终端在所述第一信道接收所述指示信息与转发所述指示信息所使用的资源不同。
优选地，所述第一指示信息是第一信道的侧行链路同步序列；所述发射器930，具体用于在所述第一信道转发所述同步序列。
优选地，所述第一指示信息是第一信道的侧行链路广播信息中的至少一个比特；所述发射器930，具体用于在所述第一信道转发所述至少一个比特。
优选地，第一信道的物理侧行广播信道的解调参考信号包括所述第一指示信息；所述发射器930，具体用于在所述第一信道转发所述解调参考信号。
优选地，第一信道的时频资源的解调参考信号包括所述第一指示信息；所述发射器930，具体用于在所述第一信道转发所述解调参考信号。
优选地，所述第一指示信息是第一信道的时频资源中的至少一个数据包；所述发射器930，具体用于在所述第一信道转发所述至少一个数据包。
优选地，所述发射器930，具体用于周期性地在所述第一信道接收所述第一信息。
具体地，所述预留资源是预配置的资源，或基站配置的资源。所述第一传输技术和所述第二传输技术在所述第一信道的传输优先级可能不同。
在一个示例中，所述第一传输技术为车联网LTE-V传输技术，所述第二传输技术为专用短距离通信DSRC技术。在所述第一信道上，所述LTE-V传输技术的传输优先级低于所述DSRC传输技术。
可以理解的是，图9仅仅示出了终端的简化设计。在实际应用中，终端可以包含任意数量的发射器，接收器，处理器等，而所有可以实现本发明的终端都在本发明的保护范围之内。
本发明实施例提供的通信方法，通过在第一信道接收到指示信息的LTE-V终端转发该指示信息的方式，使得更多LTE-V终端及时得知第一信道存在DSRC终端的信息，接收到指示信息的LTE-V终端与检测到DSRC标识的LTE-V终端一同切换到第二信道进行数据传输。减小了D2D通信的能耗，使得DSRC传输技术与LTE-V传输技术更好的共存。
需要说明的是，在本发明实施例中，第四终端在第一信道接收第一信息，该第一信息未携带第一指示信息和第二终端的第一序列。第四终端确定第一信道未被支持第二传输技术的终端所使用，所述四终端使用第一信道进行数据传输。下面结合图10，详细对本发明实施例提供的方案进行说明，图10为本发明实施例提供的又一种通信方法流程图，在本发明实施例中实施主体为第四终端。如图10所示，该实施例具体包括以下步骤：
步骤S301，第四终端在第一信道接收第一信息，所述第一信息不携带有第二终端的第一序列，且所述第一信息不携带有第一指示信息，其中，所述第四终端支持第一传输技术，所述第二终端支持第二传输技术，所述第二终 端的第一序列用于指示所述第一信道被支持所述第二传输技术的终端所使用，所述第一指示信息用于指示所述第一信道被支持所述第二传输技术的终端所使用。
步骤S302，所述第四终端确定所述第一信道未被支持所述第二传输技术的终端所使用。
步骤303，所述第四终端使用所述第一信道进行数据传输。
优选地，所述第四终端周期性地在所述第一信道接收所述第一信息。
在一个示例中，所述第一传输技术为车联网LTE-V传输技术，所述第二传输技术为专用短距离通信DSRC技术。在所述第一信道上，所述LTE-V传输技术的传输优先级低于所述DSRC传输技术。
本发明实施例提供的通信方法，当第一信道上没有DSRC终端时，LTE-V终端检测不到DSRC终端，因此不会在第一信道的预留资源上发送指示信息，其他终端也就检测不到该指示信息。因此所有LTE-V终端可以切换回第一信道进行LTE-V通信。通过判断第一信道上是否有指示信息，或在是否可在第一信道上检测DSRC终端判断在第一信道上是否有DSRC终端的存在，可以实现LTE-V终端从第二信道切换回第一信道的机制。使得LTE-V终端在第一信道不存在DSRC终端时，有效的切换回第一信道，提升了LTE-V系统容量。提高了信道的利用率。
需要说明的是，LTE-V终端切换的信道可预先设定好，使得切换后的LTE-V终端使用相同信道进行数据传输。且，切换后的LTE-V终端无需额外接收原信道或第二信道的数据信息，即可完成LTE-V终端之间的通信。减小了D2D通信的能耗。切换后的LTE-V终端只需在一定的时间间隔检测一次原信道的信息，以在原信道不存在DSRC终端时，切换回原信道，提升LTE-V系统的容量，提高了信道的利用率。
相应地，本发明实施例提供再另一种终端，用以实现前述实施例中提供的通信方法，如图11所示，所述终端包括：接收单元1110、确定单元1120 和发送单元1130。
所述终端的接收单元1110用于在第一信道接收第一信息，所述第一信息不携带有第二终端的第一序列，且所述第一信息不携带有第一指示信息，其中，所述终端支持第一传输技术，所述第二终端支持第二传输技术，所述第二终端的第一序列用于指示所述第一信道被支持所述第二传输技术的终端所使用，所述第一指示信息用于指示所述第一信道被支持所述第二传输技术的终端所使用所使。
确定单元1120用于确定所述第一信道未被支持所述第二传输技术的终端所使用发送单元1130用于通过所述第一信道发送信息。
优选地，所述接收单元1110具体用于周期性地在所述第一信道接收所述第一信息。
另外，本发明实施例提供的终端还可以采用的实现方式如下，用以实现前述本发明实施例中的通信方法，如图12所示，所述终端包括：接收器1210、处理器1220和发射器1230。
所述终端的接收器1210用于在第一信道接收第一信息，所述第一信息不携带有第二终端的第一序列，且所述第一信息不携带有第一指示信息，其中，所述第四终端支持第一传输技术，所述第二终端支持第二传输技术，所述第二终端的第一序列用于指示所述第一信道被支持所述第二传输技术的终端所使用，所述第一指示信息用于指示所述第一信道被支持所述第二传输技术的终端所使用。
处理器1220用于确定所述第一信道未被支持所述第二传输技术的终端所使用。
发射器1230用于使用所述第一信道进行数据传输。
优选地，所述接收器1210具体用于周期性地在所述第一信道接收所述第一信息。
可以理解的是，图12仅仅示出了终端的简化设计。在实际应用中，终端 可以包含任意数量的发射器，接收器，处理器等，而所有可以实现本发明的终端都在本发明的保护范围之内。
需要说明的是，在本发明实施例中，第一终端检测到第二终端使用第一信道进行数据传输时，上报基站。基站配置第一终端使用第二信道进行数据传输。下面结合图13，详细对本发明实施例提供的方案进行说明，图13为本发明实施例提供的再一种通信方法流程图，在本发明实施例中实施主体为第一终端。如图13所示，该实施例具体包括以下步骤：
步骤S401，基站接收第一终端上报的第一信道被支持第二传输技术的终端所使用的信息，所述第一终端支持第一传输技术；
步骤S402，所述基站确定所述第一信道被支持第二传输技术的终端所使用。
步骤S403，所述基站配置支持所述第一传输技术的终端使用第二信道进行数据传输，所述第一信道与所述第二信道互不相同。
优选地，所述第一终端接收第一信道的第一信息，所述第一信息携带有至少一个第二终端的第一序列或所述第一信息携带有至少一个所述第一序列且预设时间内所述第一终端接收的所述第一序列的数目超出预设门限时，所述第一终端向基站上报所述第一信道被所述支持第二传输技术的终端使用的信息。
具体地，所述第一终端向基站上报所述第一信道被支持所述第二传输技术的终端所使用的信息，其上报机制与图3所示的实施例中，所述第一终端在第一信道发送第一指示信息以及所述第一终端使用第二信道进行数据传输的机制相同。具体可参见前述实施例中的描述，在此不做赘述。
需要说明的是，本发明实施例中提及的第一终端、第三终端及第四终端为支持第一传输技术的终端中的任意一个。本发明实施例提及的第二终端为支持第二传输技术的终端中的任意一个。
优选地，所述基站通过无线资源控制(Radio Resource Control,RRC)、 下行控制信息(Downlink Control Information，DCI)、系统信息块(System Information Block，SIB)中一个或多个的方式配置所述第一终端使用第二信道进行数据传输。
如图14所示，在一个具体的示例中，LTE-V终端A在信道1上检测到至少一个DSRC终端前导码序列，当预定时间内检测到的DSRC终端的前导码序列超出预设门限时，LTE-V终端A会向基站发送信息1，通知基站在该信道上有DSRC终端，基站获知该信息后配置小区内的LTE-V终端A和LTE-V终端B切换到信道2上。
其中，LTE-V终端A可以通过上行控制信道、缓存状态上报(Buffer Status Report，BSR)、RRC信令等方式上报给基站。基站可以通过RRC、DCI、SIB等方式配置小区内的终端切换到信道2。
可选的，在一些需要的场景中，该基站可以将信息1通知其他相邻的基站，从而使得其他基站也可以配置小区内的LTE-V终端切换到信道2。
本发明实施例提供的通信方法，当LTE-V终端在信道1检测到DSRC终端的存在时，会上报给基站，基站配置本小区内的LTE-V终端切换到信道2，从而使得没有检测到DSRC终端的的车载终端，或者不具有感知能力的行人手持终端也能切换到信道2。本发明实施例通过基站配置的方式实现本小区内的LTE-V终端同步切换到信道2。
优选地，当所述基站在预设时间内未收到所述第一终端上报的所述第一信道被支持第二传输技术的终端使用的信息时，所述基站配置所述支持所述第一传输技术的终端使用所述第一信道进行数据传输。
在一个具体的示例中，当LTE-V终端在信道1检测到DSRC终端时，会将该信息上报给基站，并且是周期性的上报给基站。当LTE-V终端没有检测到DSRC终端时，则不上报信息。上述检测周期或上报周期是预配置或者基站配置的，如100ms上报一次。基站在一个时间间隔内没有收到终端上报DSRC终端存在的信息，会发送配置信息，使得小区内的LTE-V终端切换回信道1。该 时间间隔是预配置的，或者基站决定的，如1秒。
可以理解的是，100ms上报一次，可理解为，终端(如LTE-V终端)每100ms上报前，会在信道1检测一次DSRC终端是否存在。将检测结果上报。
本发明实施例提供的通信方法，可通过基站在预设时间内未收到终端上报的在信道1上检测到DSRC终端信息时，基站配置LTE-V终端从信道2切换回信道1。解决了当信道1没有DSRC终端时，LTE-V终端从信道2切换回信道1的问题。
可以理解的是，本发明实施例中的DSRC终端和LTE-V终端可互换。例如，当DSRC终端在第一信道检测到LTE-V终端时，可在第一信道发送指示第一信道存在LTE-V终端的指示信息，并切换的第二信道进行数据传输。其他DSRC终端可根据指示信息，切换到第二信道进行数据传输。进一步，本发明实施例提供的方法，还可解决DSRC切换回原信道的问题，提示DSRC系统的容量。本发明实施例提供的通信方法，不限于将传输技术优先级低的终端切换，本发明实施例旨在解决避免两种传输技术相互干扰的问题。故，本领域技术人员可以理解，采用本发明实施例的变动形式，达到相同的技术效果的技术方案，皆应属于本发明实施例的保护范围。
本发明实施例提供的通信方法及终端，结合D2D通信中终端广播方式向周围的终端发送信息，以及终端通过基站向周围的终端转发信息的通信方式。本发明实施例解决检测不到DSRC终端的LTE-V终端与检测到DSRC终端的LTE-V终端在不同信道上的通信问题，以及解决当原信道上不存在DRSC终端时，LTE-V终端切换回原信道的问题。本发明实施例提供的通信方法及终端，可以使得DSRC传输技术和LTE-V传输技术更好的共存，避免其中一类传输技术检测到另一类传输技术时无法全部切换造成的传输中断，同时可降低D2D通信的能耗，提升通信系统的容量，提高了信道的利用率。
进一步地，本发明实施例提供的通信方法和终端，可以预设在LTE-V终端在第一信道检测到DSRC终端的数目超出一定数量时，LTE-V终端再在第一 信道发送第一指示信息以及LTE-V终端切换到第二信道进行数据传输。在该方案中，虽然在DSRC终端数目未超出一定数量时，DSRC传输技术与LTE-V传输技术有一定的影响。但该方案可避免DSRC终端数量过少，LTE-V终端切换后，第一信道资源过多闲置的问题。本发明实施例可通过设置合适的数量门限，达到在传输技术干扰和信道资源利用之间均衡的效果。
专业人员应该还可以进一步意识到，结合本文中所公开的实施例描述的各示例的单元及算法步骤，能够以电子硬件、计算机软件或者二者的结合来实现，为了清楚地说明硬件和软件的可互换性，在上述说明中已经按照功能一般性地描述了各示例的组成及步骤。这些功能究竟以硬件还是软件方式来执行，取决于技术方案的特定应用和设计约束条件。专业技术人员可以对每个特定的应用来使用不同方法来实现所描述的功能，但是这种实现不应认为超出本发明的范围。
本领域普通技术人员可以理解实现上述实施例方法中的全部或部分步骤是可以通过程序来指令处理器完成，所述的程序可以存储于计算机可读存储介质中，所述存储介质是非短暂性(英文：non-transitory)介质，例如随机存取存储器，只读存储器，快闪存储器，硬盘，固态硬盘，磁带(英文：magnetic tape)，软盘(英文：floppy disk)，光盘(英文：optical disc)及其任意组合。
以上所述，仅为本发明较佳的具体实施方式，但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内，可轻易想到的变化或替换，都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。因此，本发明的保护范围应该以权利要求的保护范围为准。

Claims (38)

  1. 一种通信方法，其特征在于，所述方法包括：
    第一终端在第一信道接收第一信息，所述第一信息携带有至少一个第二终端的第一序列，其中，所述第一终端支持第一传输技术，所述第二终端支持第二传输技术，所述第二终端的第一序列用于指示所述第一信道被支持所述第二传输技术的终端所使用；
    所述第一终端根据所述第一序列确定第一指示信息；
    所述第一终端在所述第一信道发送所述第一指示信息，所述第一指示信息用于指示所述第一信道被支持所述第二传输技术的终端所使用。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，在所述第一终端根据所述第一序列确定第一指示信息之前，所述方法还包括以下步骤：
    所述第一终端确定在预设时间内接收的所述至少一个第二终端的第一序列的数目超过预设门限，所述第一序列的数目用于指示所述第二终端的数目。
  3. 如权利要求1或2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    所述第一终端使用第二信道进行数据传输，所述第一信道与所述第二信道互不相同。
  4. 如权利要求1或2所述的方法，其特征在于，
    所述第一指示信息是第一信道的侧行链路同步序列；
    所述第一终端在所述第一信道发送所述第一指示信息，包括：
    所述第一终端在所述第一信道发送所述同步序列。
  5. 如权利要求1或2所述的方法，其特征在于，
    所述第一指示信息是第一信道的侧行链路广播信息中的至少一个比特；
    所述第一终端在所述第一信道发送所述第一指示信息，包括：
    所述第一终端在所述第一信道发送所述至少一个比特。
  6. 如权利要求1或2所述的方法，其特征在于，
    第一信道的物理侧行广播信道的解调参考信号包括所述第一指示信息；
    所述第一终端在所述第一信道发送所述第一指示信息，包括：
    所述第一终端在所述第一信道发送所述解调参考信号。
  7. 如权利要求1或2所述的方法，其特征在于，
    第一信道的时频资源的解调参考信号包括所述第一指示信息；
    所述第一终端在所述第一信道发送所述第一指示信息，包括：
    所述第一终端在所述第一信道发送所述解调参考信号。
  8. 如权利要求1或2所述的方法，其特征在于，
    所述第一指示信息是第一信道的时频资源中的至少一个数据包；
    所述第一终端在所述第一信道发送所述第一指示信息，包括：
    所述第一终端在所述第一信道发送所述至少一个数据包。
  9. 如权利要求1或2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一序列包括下述中的一个或多个：
    前导码序列、同步信号序列及参考信号序列。
  10. 如权利1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一终端周期性地在所述第一信道接收所述第一信息。
  11. 一种通信方法，其特征在于，所述方法包括：
    第三终端在第一信道接收第一信息，所述第一信息携带有第一指示信息，其中，所述第三终端支持第一传输技术，所述第一指示信息用于指示所述第一信道被支持第二传输技术的终端所使用；
    所述第三终端在所述第一信道转发所述第一指示信息。
  12. 如权利要求11所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    所述第三终端使用第二信道进行数据传输，所述第一信道与所述第二信道互不相同。
  13. 如权利要求11所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第三终端在所述第一信道接收所述第一指示信息与转发所述第一指示信息所使用的资源不同。
  14. 如权利要求11所述的方法，其特征在于
    所述第一指示信息是第一信道的侧行链路同步序列；
    所述第三终端在所述第一信道转发所述第一指示信息，包括：
    所述第三终端在所述第一信道转发所述同步序列。
  15. 如权利要求11所述的方法，其特征在于，
    所述第一指示信息是第一信道的侧行链路广播信息中的至少一个比特；
    所述第三终端在所述第一信道转发所述第一指示信息，包括：
    所述第三终端在所述第一信道转发所述至少一个比特。
  16. 如权利要求11所述的方法，其特征在于，
    第一信道的物理侧行广播信道的解调参考信号包括所述第一指示信息；
    所述第三终端在所述第一信道转发所述第一指示信息，包括：
    所述第三终端在所述第一信道转发所述解调参考信号。
  17. 如权利要求11所述的方法，其特征在于，
    第一信道的时频资源的解调参考信号包括所述第一指示信息；
    所述第三终端在所述第一信道转发所述第一指示信息，包括：
    所述第三终端在所述第一信道转发所述解调参考信号。
  18. 如权利要求11所述的方法，其特征在于，
    所述第一指示信息是第一信道的时频资源中的至少一个数据包；
    所述第三终端在所述第一信道转发所述第一指示信息，包括：
    所述第三终端在所述第一信道转发所述至少一个数据包。
  19. 如权利要求11所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第三终端周期性地在所述第一信道接收所述第一信息。
  20. 一种终端，其特征在于，所述终端包括：
    接收单元，用于在第一信道接收第一信息，所述第一信息携带有至少一个第二终端的第一序列，其中，所述终端支持第一传输技术，所述第二终端 支持第二传输技术，所述第二终端的第一序列用于指示所述第一信道被支持所述第二传输技术的终端所使用；
    确定单元，用于根据所述第一序列确定第一指示信息；
    发送单元，用于在所述第一信道发送所述第一指示信息，所述第一指示信息用于指示所述第一信道被支持所述第二传输技术的终端所使用。
  21. 如权利要求20所述的终端，其特征在于，所述确定单元，还用于确定在预设时间内所述接收单元接收的所述至少一个第二终端的第一序列的数目超过预设门限，所述第一序列的数目用于指示所述第二终端的数目。
  22. 如权利要求20或21所述的终端，其特征在于，所述接收单元，还用于在第二信道接收信息；所述发送单元，还用于在所述第二信道发送信息，所述第一信道与所述第二信道互不相同。
  23. 如权利要求20或21所述的终端，其特征在于，
    所述第一指示信息是第一信道的侧行链路同步序列；
    所述发送单元，具体用于在所述第一信道发送所述同步序列。
  24. 如权利要求20或21所述的终端，其特征在于，
    所述第一指示信息是第一信道的侧行链路广播信息中的至少一个比特；
    所述发送单元，具体用于在所述第一信道发送所述至少一个比特。
  25. 如权利要求20或21所述的终端，其特征在于，
    第一信道的物理侧行广播信道的解调参考信号包括所述第一指示信息；
    所述发送单元，具体用于在所述第一信道发送所述解调参考信号。
  26. 如权利要求20或21所述的终端，其特征在于，
    第一信道的时频资源的解调参考信号包括所述第一指示信息；
    所述发送单元，具体用于在所述第一信道发送所述解调参考信号。
  27. 如权利要求20或21所述的终端，其特征在于，
    所述第一指示信息是第一信道的时频资源中的至少一个数据包；
    所述发送单元，具体用于在所述第一信道发送所述至少一个数据包。
  28. 如权利要求20或21所述的终端，其特征在于，所述第一序列包括下述中的一个或多个：
    前导码序列、同步信号序列及参考信号序列。
  29. 如权利要求20所述的终端，其特征在于，所述接收单元，具体用于周期性地在所述第一信道接收所述第一信息。
  30. 一种终端，其特征在于，所述终端包括：
    接收单元，用于在第一信道接收第一信息，所述第一信息携带有第一指示信息，其中，所述终端支持第一传输技术，所述第一指示信息用于指示所述第一信道被支持所述第二传输技术的终端所使用；
    确定单元，用于确定所述第一信道被支持所述第二传输技术的终端所使用；
    发送单元，用于在所述第一信道转发所述第一指示信息。
  31. 如权利要求30所述的终端，其特征在于，所述接收单元，还用于在第二信道接收信息；所述发送单元，还用于在所述第二信道发送信息，所述第一信道与所述第二信道互不相同。
  32. 如权利要求30所述的终端，其特征在于，所述终端在所述第一信道接收所述指示信息与转发所述指示信息所使用的资源不同。
  33. 如权利要求30或32所述的终端，其特征在于
    所述第一指示信息是第一信道的侧行链路同步序列；
    所述发送单元，具体用于在所述第一信道转发所述同步序列。
  34. 如权利要求30或32所述的终端，其特征在于，
    所述第一指示信息是第一信道的侧行链路广播信息中的至少一个比特；
    所述发送单元，具体用于在所述第一信道转发所述至少一个比特。
  35. 如权利要求30或32所述的终端，其特征在于，
    第一信道的物理侧行广播信道的解调参考信号包括所述第一指示信息；
    所述发送单元，具体用于在所述第一信道转发所述解调参考信号。
  36. 如权利要求30或32所述的终端，其特征在于，
    第一信道的时频资源的解调参考信号包括所述第一指示信息；
    所述发送单元，具体用于在所述第一信道转发所述解调参考信号。
  37. 如权利要求30或32所述的终端，其特征在于，
    所述第一指示信息是第一信道的时频资源中的至少一个数据包；
    所述发送单元，具体用于在所述第一信道转发所述至少一个数据包。
  38. 如权利要求30所述的终端，其特征在于，所述接收单元，具体用于周期性地在所述第一信道接收所述第一信息。
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