WO2018036130A1 - 一种焊接低温球铁与锰钢板的工艺方法 - Google Patents

一种焊接低温球铁与锰钢板的工艺方法 Download PDF

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WO2018036130A1
WO2018036130A1 PCT/CN2017/075405 CN2017075405W WO2018036130A1 WO 2018036130 A1 WO2018036130 A1 WO 2018036130A1 CN 2017075405 W CN2017075405 W CN 2017075405W WO 2018036130 A1 WO2018036130 A1 WO 2018036130A1
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welding
manganese steel
ductile iron
low
temperature ductile
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PCT/CN2017/075405
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English (en)
French (fr)
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丁杰
莫旭梅
赵金权
谢震
滕轩忠
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常州华德机械有限公司
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Publication of WO2018036130A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018036130A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
    • B23K9/16—Arc welding or cutting making use of shielding gas
    • B23K9/173—Arc welding or cutting making use of shielding gas and of a consumable electrode
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
    • B23K9/235—Preliminary treatment

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of welding, and in particular relates to a method for welding low temperature ductile iron and manganese steel plates.
  • the welding performance of ductile iron is poor. Generally, the heating speed and the cooling rate are required to be slow and uniform to effectively prevent cracks. Therefore, preheating is required.
  • high manganese steel is just the opposite. The tendency of hot cracking is serious, such as the conventional welding method, which leads to carbide precipitation brittleness. Increase, so high temperature quenching is required. Therefore, the welding of ductile iron and high manganese steel can easily lead to the non-fusion of the root of the weld, or the weld bead shape is not well formed after the weld root is fused, and the undercut and crater crack tend to be serious.
  • the present invention provides a method for welding low temperature ductile iron and manganese steel sheets according to the problems in the background art, and the specific operation is as follows:
  • the NiFe-1 electrode is selected and the MAG reactive gas shielded welding process is adopted.
  • the low temperature ductile iron material and the manganese steel plate are welded together by intermittent welding.
  • the low temperature ductile iron material, the manganese steel plate and the welding rod are not preheated before welding, and after welding Without heat treatment,
  • the specific shielding gas is 97.5% by volume of Ar and 2.5% by volume of CO 2 ;
  • the thickness of the low temperature ductile iron plate is 20mm, and the thickness of the manganese steel plate is 5mm.
  • the low-temperature ductile iron plate is placed horizontally, and the manganese steel plate is vertically welded to the plane of the low-temperature ductile iron plate by means of intermittent welding by means of NiFe-1 welding rod with a diameter of 1.2 mm, and the appropriate intermittent distance or cross welding is used to disperse reasonably.
  • Heat
  • the length of the welded end is 20-30 mm
  • the intermittent distance is 40-60 mm
  • the length of the welded end and the intermittent distance are evenly distributed, so that the manganese steel plate can be firmly connected to the ductile iron plate, and Can meet the requirements of welding performance
  • the Shafei welding machine DIGIPULSII420 is used, and the current is stable, and the arc-recovering effect is good when welding the low-temperature ductile iron and the manganese steel sheet in the present invention.
  • Welder current is 210 ⁇ 240A
  • voltage is 22 ⁇ 24V
  • welding speed is 450 ⁇ 500mm / min
  • heat input (line energy) Is 0.93kJ/mm
  • the invention has the beneficial effects that the invention adopts the NiFe-1 welding rod which is more in line with the requirements of ductile iron welding, and through the intermittent welding method, not only the weld root is well fused, the weld bead shape is formed well, the surface is free from cracks and no pores.
  • the low-temperature ductile iron material has no embrittlement and crack-free phenomenon, and the quality of the manganese steel plate has not decreased; and energy consumption is saved.
  • the high-manganese steel is welded to the part of the ductile iron product to impart strong impact resistance and superior wear resistance to the product, and the local performance of the low-temperature ductile iron product is satisfied. Diversity requirements.
  • the GJS400-18LT plate with a thickness of 20 mm was horizontally placed, and a mixed gas of Ar and CO 2 with a volume percentage of Ar of 97.5% was used as an active protective gas.
  • the MAG reactive gas shielded welding process was adopted, and a NiFe-1 electrode with a diameter of 1.2 mm was used.
  • Mn13 manganese steel plate with a thickness of 5mm was vertically welded to the above-mentioned GJS400-18LT plate surface by intermittent welding. On the welded joint of intermittent welding, the length of the welded end was 20mm, and the intermittent distance was 40mm.
  • the welding machine was Shafei DIGIPULSII420, the welding machine current was 240 A, the voltage was 22 V, the welding speed was 460 mm/min, and the heat input (line energy) was 0.93 kJ/mm.
  • the GJS400-18LT ductile iron-Mn13 manganese steel joints obtained after welding in this embodiment have good weld roots, good weld profile, no cracks on the surface and no pores; GJS400-18LT low temperature ductile iron plate has no crack phenomenon.
  • the destructive test was carried out to strike the manganese steel plate.
  • the plate was struck and bent but there was no crack and fracture tendency at the weld; the macroscopic metallographic structure of the weld was dissected and detected, and the joint was seamless and free of defects.
  • the hardness of the base metal ball plate body is 160HV, and the hardness of the heat affected zone on the ductile iron plate is 170-185HV;
  • the hardness of the weld zone is 210HV ⁇ 225HV;
  • the hardness of the manganese steel plate is 215HV, and the hardness of the heat affected zone on the manganese steel plate is 215 ⁇ 220HV;
  • the weld is filled during welding, and the intermittent welding is no longer used.
  • the rest of the operation is the same as in the first embodiment.
  • Example 1 for the destructive test to strike the manganese steel plate. The plate is not bent but the manganese steel plate has been welded. Falling off at the place;
  • the toughness of the heat affected zone of welding is significantly reduced: the hardness of the heat affected zone on the ductile iron plate reaches 230-240 HV, and the local reach 255 HV. When the macroscopic metallographic structure is detected, the microstructure is coarse, and the ball milled iron plate is prone to cracks and breakage during use.
  • the weld root is not well integrated, and the weld surface is not well formed, causing defects such as undercut and crater cracks.
  • the shape of the weld is well formed, the surface is free of cracks and no pores; however, the root of the weld is not fused, and the destructive test is carried out with reference to Example 1 to strike the manganese steel plate. The plate is not bent but the manganese steel plate has fallen off from the weld.
  • the welding rod needs to be preheated, the welding is not continuous, the welding rod usage rate is not high, the welding efficiency is extremely low, and the welding time of one product is several times that of gas shielded welding, which is not conducive to industrial production.
  • the surface of the weld is not well formed, causing defects such as undercuts and crater cracks.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Butt Welding And Welding Of Specific Article (AREA)
  • Arc Welding In General (AREA)

Abstract

一种焊接低温球铁与锰钢板的工艺方法，该方法选择NiFe-1焊条，采用MAG活性气体保护焊工艺，通过间歇焊的方式将低温球铁材料与锰钢板焊接在一起，焊接前不对低温球铁材料、锰钢板及焊条进行预热，焊接后也不进行热处理。该焊接工艺不仅焊缝根部融合好、焊缝外形成型好、表面无裂纹、无气孔，低温球铁材质无脆化、无裂缝现象，锰钢板的质量也未出现下降；而且节省了能耗。

Description

一种焊接低温球铁与锰钢板的工艺方法 技术领域
本发明属于焊接技术领域，特别涉及一种焊接低温球铁与锰钢板的工艺方法。
背景技术
球铁的焊接性能差，一般要求加热速度和冷却速度缓慢均匀才能有效防止裂纹，因此需要进行预热；但高锰钢刚好相反，由于热裂纹倾向严重如采用常规焊接方式会导致碳化物析出脆性增加，所以需高温淬火。因此，将球铁和高锰钢焊接在一起很容易导致焊缝根部不融合，或焊缝根部融合后焊缝外形成型不好、咬边及弧坑裂纹倾向严重。
发明内容
本发明针对背景技术中的问题，提供了一种焊接低温球铁与锰钢板的工艺方法，具体操作为：
选择NiFe-1焊条，采用MAG活性气体保护焊工艺，通过间歇焊的方式将低温球铁材料与锰钢板焊接在一起，焊接前不对低温球铁材料、锰钢板及焊条进行预热，焊接后也不进行热处理，
MAG活性气体保护焊工艺中，具体的保护气体为体积比97.5％的Ar和体积比2.5％的CO2；
以平角焊(PB)作为范例：
低温球铁材料选择GJS400-18LT(72.1)，锰钢板材质选择Mn13，
低温球铁板厚度为20mm，锰钢板厚度为5mm，
低温球铁板水平放置，借助直径为1.2mm的NiFe-1焊条，通过间歇焊的方式将锰钢板竖直焊接于低温球铁板的平面上，同时选用合适的间断距离或交叉焊接来合理分散热量，
其中，间歇焊的焊缝上，焊接端长度为20～30mm，间歇距离为40～60mm，且焊接端长度和间歇距离均匀分布，这样既能满足锰钢板牢固地链接在球铁板上，又能满足焊接性能的要求，
作为优选：采用沙福焊机DIGIPULSⅡ420，其电流稳定，对于本发明中的焊接低温球铁与锰钢板进行焊接时收弧效果好，
焊机电流为210～240A、电压为22～24V、焊接速度为450～500mm/min、热输入(线能量) 为0.93kJ/mm，
焊接后不进行热处理。
本发明的有益效果在于：本发明采用更符合球铁焊接要求的NiFe-1焊条，通过间歇焊的方式，焊接下来后不仅焊缝根部融合好、焊缝外形成型好、表面无裂纹、无气孔，低温球铁材质无脆化、无裂缝现象，锰钢板的质量也未出现下降；而且节省了能耗。同时，因为这种焊接的可操作性，实现了在球铁产品的局部通过焊接高锰钢来赋予产品该区域的抗强冲击和优越的耐磨性，满足了低温球铁产品上局部性能的多样性要求。
具体实施方式
实施例1
将厚度为20mm的GJS400-18LT板水平放置，以Ar体积百分比为97.5％的Ar和CO2的混合气体作为活性保护气体，通过MAG活性气体保护焊工艺、采用直径为1.2mm的NiFe-1焊条、以间歇焊的方式将厚度为5mm的Mn13锰钢板竖直焊接于上述GJS400-18LT板平面上，间歇焊的焊缝上，焊接端长度均为20mm，间歇距离均为40mm，
焊机为沙福DIGIPULSⅡ420，焊机电流为240A、电压为22V、焊接速度为460mm/min、热输入(线能量)为0.93kJ/mm。
本实施例焊接后得到的GJS400-18LT球铁-Mn13锰钢结合件焊缝根部融合好、焊缝外形成型好、表面无裂纹、无气孔；GJS400-18LT低温球铁板无裂缝现象。
对该结合件的相关部位进行检测，结果如下：
焊接后进行破坏性测试敲击锰钢板，板被敲击弯曲但焊接处无裂纹和断裂倾向；解剖检测焊缝宏观金相结构，融合完整无缝隙和其它缺陷。
焊接后解剖检测连接件各区的硬度：
母材球铁板本体硬度为160HV，球铁板上热影响区的硬度为170～185HV；
焊缝区的硬度为210HV～225HV；
锰钢板本体硬度为215HV，锰钢板上热影响区的硬度为215～220HV；
可见整个焊接件的各区域硬度较均匀，经过对各区域的宏观金相检测，也未发现影响组织性能的迹象。
对比实施例1
焊接时将焊缝填满，而不再是采用间歇焊的方式，其余操作均同实施例1。
焊接后焊缝外形成型好、表面无裂纹、无气孔；但是Mn13锰钢板与焊缝间的融合不理想，参照实施例1进行破坏性测试敲击锰钢板，板未弯曲但锰钢板已经与焊接处发生了脱落；
焊接的热影响区韧性下降较明显：球铁板上热影响区的硬度达到230～240HV，局部达到255HV，且检测宏观金相结构时，组织粗大，使用时球磨铁板容易出现裂缝和破损。
对比实施例2
焊接时选用沙福350焊机，其余操作均同实施例1。
焊接后，焊缝根部融合不够，且焊缝表面成型不好，产生咬边和弧坑裂纹等缺陷。
对比实施例3
焊接时，以“氩弧焊”代替“MAG活性气体保护焊工艺”，其余操作均同实施例1。
焊接后焊缝外形成型好、表面无裂纹、无气孔；但是焊缝根部不融合，参照实施例1进行破坏性测试敲击锰钢板，板未弯曲但锰钢板已经与焊接处发生了脱落。
对比实施例4
焊接时，以“手工电弧焊”代替“MAG活性气体保护焊工艺”，其余操作均同实施例1。
焊条需要预热，且焊接不连续，焊条使用率不高，焊接效率极低，一件产品的焊接时间是用气保焊的数倍，不利于工业化的生产。
焊缝表面成型不好，产生咬边和弧坑裂纹等缺陷。

Claims (8)

  1. 一种焊接低温球铁与锰钢板的工艺方法，其特征在于：所述的方法为，选择NiFe-1焊条，采用MAG活性气体保护焊工艺，通过间歇焊的方式将低温球铁材料与锰钢板焊接在一起，焊接前不对低温球铁材料、锰钢板及焊条进行预热，焊接后也不进行热处理。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的焊接低温球铁与锰钢板的工艺方法，其特征在于：MAG活性气体保护焊工艺中，具体的保护气体为体积比例97.5％的Ar和体积比例2.5％的CO2。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的焊接低温球铁与锰钢板的工艺方法，其特征在于：低温球铁材料为GJS400-18LT板，锰钢板材质为Mn13，以平角焊的方式将GJS400-18LT板与锰钢板焊接在一起。
  4. 如权利要求3所述的焊接低温球铁与锰钢板的工艺方法，其特征在于：GJS400-18LT板水平放置，通过NiFe-1焊条采用间歇焊的方式将锰钢板竖直焊接于GJS400-18LT板平面上。
  5. 如权利要求4所述的焊接低温球铁与锰钢板的工艺方法，其特征在于：所述的NiFe-1焊条直径为1.2mm。
  6. 如权利要求3所述的焊接低温球铁与锰钢板的工艺方法，其特征在于：所述的GJS400-18LT板厚度为20mm，锰钢板厚度为5mm。
  7. 如权利要求3所述的焊接低温球铁与锰钢板的工艺方法，其特征在于：焊接时采用沙福焊机DIGIPULSⅡ420。
  8. 如权利要求7所述的焊接低温球铁与锰钢板的工艺方法，其特征在于：焊机电流设定为210～240A、电压设定为22～24V、焊接速度设定为450～500mm/min、热输入设定为0.93kJ/mm。
PCT/CN2017/075405 2016-08-26 2017-03-02 一种焊接低温球铁与锰钢板的工艺方法 WO2018036130A1 (zh)

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CN106270966A (zh) * 2016-08-26 2017-01-04 常州华德机械有限公司 一种焊接低温球铁与锰钢板的工艺方法

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CN112188945A (zh) * 2018-05-23 2021-01-05 西门子股份公司 球墨铸铁的制造焊接与维修焊接
CN113857241A (zh) * 2021-09-25 2021-12-31 新疆八一钢铁股份有限公司 一种冷轧25#钢与spcc钢交叉焊接及轧制生产方法

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