Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B61—RAILWAYS
  • B61G—COUPLINGS; DRAUGHT AND BUFFING APPLIANCES
  • B61G9/00—Draw-gear
  • B61G9/20—Details; Accessories
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B61—RAILWAYS
  • B61G—COUPLINGS; DRAUGHT AND BUFFING APPLIANCES
  • B61G11/00—Buffers
  • B61G11/16—Buffers absorbing shocks by permanent deformation of buffer element

Definitions

• Deformation tube for a coupling in particular a traction coupling
• the present invention relates to a deformation tube for a coupling, in particular traction coupling and a traction coupling with such a deformation tube.
• Clutches in particular Switzerlandkupplungen of the generic type, have shock protection, which protect the coupled by means of the clutch vehicle parts and the passengers or cargo from damage at high Auffahr füren.
• There are two ways to absorb the power namely destructive and regenerative.
• destructive force absorption deformation tubes are used, which have two against a resistance sliding into each other tube parts, in particular with a diameter comparatively smaller tube part, which can be inserted into the relatively larger diameter tube part under a correspondingly high thrust, which is the Einschiebvorgang the larger tube part expands and deforms and / or the smaller pipe part is compressed and deformed. In this deformation comparatively much energy is absorbed, which is desirable.
• the deformation tubes are monitored in practice by a visual inspection and / or sound sample.
• the deformation tube to be monitored must be freely accessible.
• the two against a resistance telescoping pipe parts are braced against each other.
• a nut is conventionally provided, which is screwed onto a tie rod.
• the tie rod is fixed in one of the two tube parts and extends in the longitudinal direction of the tube parts through an end face of the other tube part.
• the nut is screwed onto this end, which is guided through the end face, so that the two tube parts are braced against the mentioned resistance, which precludes telescoping.
• the present invention has for its object to provide a deformation tube for a coupling, in particular traction coupling of the generic type, which is improved in terms of its safety over the known embodiments.
• the object of the invention is achieved by a deformation tube having the features of claim 1.
• An inventive deformation tube for a coupling in particular a traction coupling, has two pipe parts which can be pushed into one another against a resistance.
• the resistance is formed by the fact that the first tube part - inner tube part - is inserted with an axial end in a radial expansion at the opposite axial end of the second tube part - outer Rohrteil-, such that the first tube part end face in the radial extension on the second Pipe part strikes.
• a sliding element can still be connected to the interface at the first pipe part.
• the deformation tube according to the invention has a securing element in the form of a screw or a nut, which is screwed into a counter-element or screwed onto a counter-element and thereby braced the two tube parts against each other.
• the counter element is a tie rod, with its first end to a first of the two tube parts, for example the outer pipe part, or a structure carrying the first of the two pipe parts is connected and having a second end opposite the first end, penetrates an end face of the second of the pipe parts and has a thread at the end of the penetration, on which the securing element in the form of a nut is screwed on.
• the nut is located radially inside the second pipe part, in particular of the inner pipe part.
• a detection device is now provided, which is set up to detect a twisting and / or axial displacement of the securing element and / or of the counter element relative to at least one of the tube parts.
• the detection device it is possible to early detection of a loosening of the securing element, in particular in the form of the mother and optionally to signal a train driver or other maintenance personnel.
• the detection device may comprise at least one shearing element, which is connected through a bore, in particular radial bore, in at least one of the two tube parts on the securing element and / or the counter element such that a relative rotation and / or displacement of the Securing element relative to the tube part causes a shearing off of the shear element of the securing element and / or counter element or a shearing within the shearing element.
• such a shearing element is provided only in a bore, in particular a radial bore, in the inner tube part and connected to the securing element, in particular in the form of a nut.
• such Abscherelement but also in a bore in particular also in the inner tube part, but possibly also in the outer tube part, be provided and connected to the counter-element, which is designed for example in the form of the tie rod.
• the at least one shear element with a clearance in the respective bore, in particular radial bore is used. This allows a certain tolerance to be achieved before the shearing element is sheared off.
• the shearing element is glued to the securing element and / or the counter-element. In this case, it is advantageous to leave the shearing element in the glued connection if the displacement or rotation which is to be detected occurs.
• the detection device has only one visible marking on the securing element and / or the counter element and the corresponding one of the two tube parts facing the marking comprises, at the corresponding opposite position, an inspection opening through which the marking can be seen , If now the mark is no longer aligned in the originally predetermined relative position relative to the inspection opening, in particular no longer aligned centrally relative to the inspection opening, it can be concluded solely by visual inspection on an undesirable rotation and / or displacement of the securing element and / or counter-element.
• the marker may be, for example, a color marker.
• the inspection port may be sealed with a transparent plug or removable plug to prevent dust and / or other debris from entering the deformation tube through the inspection hole.
• the detection device may comprise at least one optical and / or electrical sensor which is mounted in at least one of the two tube parts and detects a rotation and / or axial displacement of the securing element and / or the counter element.
• a bore, in particular radial bore is provided in at least one of the two tube parts and the optical and / or electrical sensor is mounted in this bore or through this bore.
• a closure body for the bore on the sensor is attached to an inner side of the corresponding pipe part and faces the securing element or counter element.
• the energy supply of the sensor can be done locally by a battery or a battery and / or by the electrical supply of the train when used in a traction coupling. Furthermore, there is also the possibility of energy harvesting, i. the extraction of small amounts of energy from the environment, such as ambient temperature, vibration, etc.
• an electrical and / or optical encoder may be provided.
• Such an encoder can be formed by an electrical and / or optical transmitter, but alternatively also simply by a marking, for example in the form of coded strips or the like.
• the sensor can then detect the position and / or signal strength of this encoder and from this a rotation and / or axial displacement of the Encoders and thus capture the fuse element and / or the counter element.
• the corresponding traction coupling in order to carry out an early warning system and / or for easier maintenance of the deformation tube or the corresponding traction coupling can be connected wirelessly or wired to the sensor optical or acoustic display device to signal a detected twisting and / or moving the fuse element and / or the counter element.
• Corresponding warning signals can be signaled to the driver, for example.
• a clear signaling of the response can be achieved in a mechanical solution, for example, by the fact that said shearing element, which is generally designed in particular in the form of a pin, falls out of the bore in the tube part during shearing off the securing element or the counter element.
• the shearing element for even clearer signaling for this purpose have a different color than the pipe part.
• the electrical sensor can be designed both as an inductive or as a capacitive sensor. It is also conceivable training as a magnetic or optical sensor. In general, various electrical embodiments are conceivable.
• the electrical and / or the optical sensor can be mounted on a support element according to an embodiment of the invention, which during rotation and / or axial displacement of the securing element and / or the counter-element is deformed, destroyed and / or demolished, so that the electrical and / or optical sensor is removed from its predetermined position.
• This removal is detected by the sensor, for example due to a change in capacitance, inductance or the interruption of an electrical current flow.
• Other possibilities come into consideration, for example, with the removal of the sensor from its position an optical or electrical signal is no longer received.
• FIG. 1 shows a deformation tube for a traction coupling with two exemplary
• Figure 2 shows a mechanical embodiment of the invention with glued
• FIG. 3 shows an embodiment of the invention similar to that of Figure 2, but with screwed shear element
• Figure 4 shows a possible embodiment of the invention with mark
• Figure 5 shows an electrical embodiment of the invention with an optical
• Figure 6 shows an embodiment with display device
• Figure 7 shows an embodiment of the invention in which the position of the sensor is changed to its response
• FIG. 8 embodiment of the invention with color sensor.
• the first tube part 2 is designed as an inner tube part, has at one axial end a sliding element 4 and is with this sliding element 4 in a radial expansion 5 of the second tube part 3 used, which is designed as an outer tube part. Further axial insertion of the first tube part 2 into the second tube part 3 is only possible with a simultaneous deformation of the second tube part 3.
• the first tube part 2 and the second tube part 3 are clamped in their initial position in the axial direction against each other.
• a securing element 6 is provided, which is designed in the form of a nut which is screwed onto a counter element 7 in the form of a tie rod.
• the securing element 6 could be designed in the form of a screw which is screwed into the counter element 7 in the form of a nut or another threaded component.
• At least one radial bore 8, 9 is introduced.
• One of the two radial bores 8, 9 may be sufficient. However, both radial bores 8, 9 may be provided.
• the radial bore 8 is provided in that portion of the first tube part 2, which encloses the securing element 6.
• the radial bore 8 is accordingly facing the securing element 6 in the radial direction.
• the radial bore 9 is provided in each section of the first pipe part 2, which surrounds the counter element 7. Accordingly, the radial bore 9 is the counter element 7 in the radial direction opposite.
• a rotation and / or axial displacement of the securing element 6 can be detected, through the radial bore 9, a rotation and / or axial displacement of the counter element 7 can be detected.
• a detection device is used in the corresponding radial bore 8, 9, or provided in the corresponding area.
• FIGS. 2 to 8 show exemplary embodiments of the detection devices 10, in each case in connection with the radial bore 8.
• corresponding detection devices 10 may also be provided in the region of the radial bore 9 from FIG. 1 in order to detect a twisting or axial displacement of the counter element 7.
• other positions of the detection device 10 are possible.
• the detection device 10 comprises a shearing element 11, here in the form of a pin or pipe, which is glued to the securing element 6 with an adhesive 12. Instead of sticking, it would also be possible to choose another substance-liquid compound, for example soldering or welding.
• the shearing element 1 1 protrudes from the securing element 6 through the radial bore 8, wherein the radial bore 8 in particular has a larger inner diameter than the area enclosed by the shear element 1 1, so that a clearance between the shearing element 1 1 and the first tube part 2 is provided and a shearing off of the shearing element 1 1 takes place only after bridging this game during rotation or axial displacement of the securing element 6.
• the embodiment according to FIG. 3 corresponds to that of FIG. 2, except that here the shearing element 11 is screwed into a thread 13 in the securing element 6. In both cases, in the case of dissolution of the detection device 10, the shearing element 11 is advantageously sheared off from the securing element 6 and falls out of the radial bore 8.
• the detection device 10 has a marking 14 on the securing element 6 which faces an inspection opening 15 in the radial direction.
• the inspection opening 15 is formed by the radial opening 8 and is closed by a closure 16.
• the closure 16 is embodied, for example, as transparent or comprises a transparent window and / or is detachably mounted in the inspection opening 15.
• it can be detected by the inspection opening 15 by visual inspection, whether the fixedly mounted on the securing element 6 marker 14 has moved. If necessary, we used a flashlight 27 to help.
• the radial bore 8 accommodates a sensor 17, which is embodied here as an optical sensor, in particular as an optical motion sensor.
• the sensor 17 is associated with an encoder or a mark 18 on the securing element 6 such that the sensor 17 detects a change in position or movement of the encoder or the mark 18.
• the sensor 17 has a warning light 19 which indicates when a position change or movement has been detected.
• the senor 17 has its own electrical power supply 20.
• a sensor 17 is also provided which detects a rotation and / or axial displacement of the securing element 6.
• the sensor 17 is connected via lines 21 (or also wirelessly) to a control unit 22, which is positioned, for example, in the train, in particular in the driver's cab of the train.
• the control unit 22 in turn controls a display device 23, which is in particular also positioned in the driver's compartment.
• a display device 23 which is in particular also positioned in the driver's compartment.
• the securing element 6 is carried by a support element 24, which is in mechanical connection with the securing element 6 and / or the counter element 7 and destroyed by a rotation and / or axial displacement of the securing element 6 or the counter element 7, is deformed or moved, so that the position of the sensor 17 changes.
• the sensor 17 is set up to detect this change in position, for example in which a capacitive coupling or an electrical contact with the securing element 6 or the counter-element 7 is interrupted or changed and this is detected by the sensor 17.
• the sensor 17 may again be integrated in the form of a self-sufficient local solution or may be connected to a control unit provided in the train analogously to the embodiment according to FIG.
• the senor 17 is designed as a color sensor which detects a marking 18 on the securing element 6 through the radial bore 8.
• color sensors are magnetic, capacitive or inductive sensors.
• further sensors for monitoring the acceleration and the temperature can be integrated in the sensor 17, shown here by way of example on the basis of the temperature sensor 25 and the acceleration sensor 26. LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• A Measuring Device Byusing Mechanical Method (AREA)
• Length Measuring Devices With Unspecified Measuring Means (AREA)

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Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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• 2016
  • 2016-08-16 DE DE102016215201.7A patent/DE102016215201A1/de not_active Withdrawn
• 2017
  • 2017-06-14 EP EP17732832.5A patent/EP3500474B1/de active Active
  • 2017-06-14 WO PCT/EP2017/064479 patent/WO2018033271A1/de unknown
  • 2017-06-14 CN CN201780050304.0A patent/CN109641599B/zh active Active
  • 2017-06-14 ES ES17732832T patent/ES2834026T3/es active Active

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