WO2018033058A1 - 一种串联补偿装置 - Google Patents

一种串联补偿装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018033058A1
WO2018033058A1 PCT/CN2017/097469 CN2017097469W WO2018033058A1 WO 2018033058 A1 WO2018033058 A1 WO 2018033058A1 CN 2017097469 W CN2017097469 W CN 2017097469W WO 2018033058 A1 WO2018033058 A1 WO 2018033058A1
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Prior art keywords
series
phase
line
voltage source
compensation device
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PCT/CN2017/097469
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
黄如海
卢宇
董云龙
潘磊
邱德峰
姜崇学
鲁江
李钢
胡兆庆
汪楠楠
丁久东
王柯
胡仙来
王辉
随顺科
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南京南瑞继保电气有限公司
南京南瑞继保工程技术有限公司
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Publication of WO2018033058A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018033058A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/18—Arrangements for adjusting, eliminating or compensating reactive power in networks
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/18—Arrangements for adjusting, eliminating or compensating reactive power in networks
    • H02J3/1807—Arrangements for adjusting, eliminating or compensating reactive power in networks using series compensators
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E40/00—Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
    • Y02E40/30—Reactive power compensation

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of flexible AC transmission, and in particular to a series compensation device.
  • the equipment of the flexible AC transmission system can be divided into a series compensation device, a parallel compensation device and an integrated control device.
  • the parallel compensation device can be directly connected to various grades of power grids, and the series compensation device and the integrated control device need to be connected to the power grid in series, and comprehensive reliability, flexibility and safety are needed to study the access mode.
  • the static synchronous series compensator (SSSC), the unified power flow controller (UPFC), the inter-line power flow controller (IPFC) and the convertible static compensator (CSC) can improve the system transmission capacity. And flexible transmission equipment with control capabilities; there is also a unified power quality regulator (UPQC) that can improve the power quality of the line.
  • UPQC unified power quality regulator
  • other devices have two inverters, and the corresponding transformers complete the functions of isolation and voltage transformation. Because the static synchronous series compensator is generally used as an additional mode of operation for other devices, it can also be included in the same class.
  • the series compensation terminals of the series compensation device or the integrated control device are connected to the power grid through the series transformer.
  • Most of China's 110kV and above power grids use double-circuit line structure, which requires two series transformers to connect two sets of series compensation devices into the double-circuit line in series, and each series of series compensation devices needs to follow the current rating of each line. Select capacity. In most cases, the total operating current of the double-circuit line is much smaller than the sum of the double-circuit current rating.
  • the above solution causes a serious waste of capacity during normal operation, which inevitably increases the investment cost and floor space, and the overall loss is also Increase.
  • cost, floor space and equipment losses will further limit the application of series compensation devices.
  • a series compensation device more suitable for multiple return lines is needed.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a series compensating device suitable for multi-circuit lines, which comprehensively considers cost, volume and equipment loss, and satisfies the economy and reliability of FACTS access to the power grid.
  • the solution of the present invention is:
  • a series compensation device comprising at least two voltage source converters, at least two three-phase transformers, at least one three-phase reactor; and an AC side of the at least two voltage source inverters passes through the at least one The three-phase reactors are interconnected; one side winding of the at least two three-phase transformers is connected to the above-mentioned interconnection branch, and the other side windings are respectively connected in series to each line.
  • the number of three-phase transformers is equal to the number of circuit returns, and each three-phase transformer is connected in series through a phase-separated line.
  • the voltage source converter can be connected to all three-phase transformers directly or through a reactor.
  • the winding on the side of the connection between the three-phase transformer and the voltage source converter is directly grounded by a star, or the star is grounded via a resistor or an angle.
  • the three-phase transformer when adopts a three-phase integrated structure, it includes an angular balance winding running at no load.
  • the above-mentioned series compensation device is provided between the voltage source converter and the three-phase transformer, between the three-phase transformer and the transmission line, and the three-phase reactor branch, but is not limited to: a circuit breaker, a knife gate, and a lightning arrester.
  • a circuit breaker a knife gate
  • a lightning arrester One, or several or all of the bypass devices.
  • the above-mentioned series compensating device is used for interphase or interline bypass of an alternating current system, and the specific device is a knife gate, or a bypass breaker, or a thyristor valve, or a spark gap.
  • the above series compensation device can be independently installed in the power transmission system, and can also be used as, but not limited to, a unified power flow controller, a convertible static compensator, a static synchronous series compensator, an inter-line power flow controller, and a unified power quality regulator in series. Access to the components of the transmission line device.
  • the present invention realizes a series compensating device for dividing the system power by a plurality of inverters.
  • the transformer is divided into two parts: the valve side winding and the line side winding.
  • the total current converted to the line side of the valve side winding is equal to the total current of the line side winding, because the total current of the multiple return lines is always much smaller than N* during normal operation.
  • the rated current of the line so the total current converted to all the converters on the line side only needs to be selected as the maximum possible running current of the line current; and each series line corresponds to one series compensating device, then each series compensating device
  • the current converted to the line side of the converter must be equal to the rated current of the line, that is, the total current of all the converters is equal to the rated current of the N* line; with the solution of the invention, the total current of the converter can be much smaller than the rated line of the N* line.
  • the current that is, under the premise of the same output rated voltage, the converter capacity of the scheme is much smaller than the conventional scheme, and even the number of converters can be reduced, the operating efficiency of the series compensating device is improved, and the converter is saved.
  • Equipment cost and floor space increase the economics and reliability of FACTS access to the grid.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a wiring structure of the present invention applied to a double-circuit line;
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing another wiring structure of the present invention applied to a double-circuit line
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a general wiring structure of the present invention applied to a double-circuit line;
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a general wiring structure of the present invention applied to a double-circuit line including three converters;
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a general wiring structure of the present invention applied to a three-circuit line;
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a connection method of the present invention as a component of a unified power flow controller
  • the invention provides a series compensation device comprising at least two voltage source converters, at least two three-phase transformers, at least one three-phase reactor; an AC side of the at least two voltage source converters
  • the at least one three-phase reactor is interconnected; one side winding of the at least two three-phase transformers is connected to the interconnecting branch, and the other side winding is connected in series to each line.
  • a schematic diagram of a wiring structure applied to a double-circuit line of the present invention includes two phases of a three-phase transformer and a voltage source converter, and a three-phase reactor.
  • the three-phase transformer is directly connected to the AC side of the voltage source converter, and the three-phase reactor interconnects the two connection branches.
  • FIG. 2 another schematic diagram of the wiring structure applied to the double-circuit line of the present invention includes three-phase voltage transformation.
  • the inverter side of the three-phase transformer is connected in parallel, and then connected to the AC side of the voltage source converter through a three-phase reactor.
  • the number of three-phase transformers is equal to the number of times of multiple return lines, and each three-phase transformer is connected in series through a phase-separated line.
  • each voltage source converter can be connected to all three-phase transformers directly or through a reactor.
  • the winding connecting the three-phase transformer and the voltage source converter is directly grounded by a star, or the star is grounded via a resistor or an angle.
  • the three-phase transformer when adopts a three-phase integrated structure, it includes an angular balance winding running at no load.
  • the foregoing series compensation device is provided between the voltage source converter and the three-phase transformer, between the three-phase transformer and the transmission line, and the three-phase reactor branch, but is not limited to: a circuit breaker, a knife gate, a lightning arrester, and a side Road device part or all equipment.
  • the bypass device is used for phase-to-phase or inter-line bypass of the AC system, and the specific device is a circuit breaker, or a thyristor valve, or a spark gap.
  • FIG. 3 it is a schematic diagram of a universal wiring structure applied to a double-circuit line of the present invention, in which two phases of a three-phase transformer and a voltage source converter are respectively, and reactors L1 to L5 are optional reactors.
  • the specific implementation is as follows: at least one reactor is selected in the reactors L1, L2, and L5, and the rest is arbitrarily matched; the position of the reactor is not selected as the wire connection.
  • FIG. 4 it is a schematic diagram of another general-purpose wiring structure applied to the double-circuit line of the present invention, in which three three-phase transformers and three voltage source converters are used, and the reactors L1 to L6 are optional reactors.
  • the specific implementation is as follows: at least one reactor is selected among the reactors L1, L2 and L5, at least one reactor is selected among the reactors L1, L5 and L6, and at least one reactor is selected in the reactors L2 and L6, and the rest is arbitrarily matched; The reactor position is not selected for wire connection.
  • FIG. 5 it is a schematic diagram of a universal wiring structure applied to a three-circuit line of the present invention, wherein three three-phase transformers, two fixed voltage source converters, one optional voltage source converter, and a reactor L1 ⁇ L8 are optional reactors.
  • the voltage source converter capacity requirement is small, one inverter can be reduced to save costs.
  • at least one reactor is selected among the reactors L1, L2, and L7, and at least one reactor is selected among the reactors L1, L3, L7, and L8, and the reactors L2, L3, and L8 are used.
  • At least one reactor is selected, and any other matching and non-selective reactor positions are wire connections; when two converters are used, at least one reactor is selected in the reactors L1, L2, and L7, and the L3 reactor is removed, and the rest is matched. The position of the reactor is not selected as the wire connection.
  • the foregoing series compensation device can be independently installed in the power transmission system, and can also be used as, but not limited to, a unified power flow controller, a convertible static compensator, a static synchronous series compensator, an inter-line power flow controller, and a unified power quality regulator in series. Access to the components of the transmission line device.
  • the present invention is a schematic diagram of a wiring mode applied to a double-circuit line and as a component of a unified power flow controller, wherein two series compensation devices use a parallel-side voltage source converter and a transformer.
  • the present invention realizes a series compensating device for dividing the system power by a plurality of inverters.
  • the transformer is divided into two parts: the valve side winding and the line side winding.
  • the total current converted to the line side of the valve side winding is equal to the total current of the line side winding, because the total current of the multiple return lines is always much smaller than N* during normal operation.
  • each line corresponds to a series compensation device, and the current converted to the line side of each series compensation device converter must be equal to the rated current of the line, that is, the total current of all the converters is equal to the rated current of the N* line;
  • the total current of the converter can be much smaller than the rated current of the N* line, that is, under the premise of the same output rated voltage, the converter capacity of the solution is much smaller than that of the conventional scheme, and even some occasions can be reduced.
  • the number of flow devices increases the operating efficiency of the series compensation device, saves the equipment cost and floor space of the inverter, and improves the economics and reliability of the FACTS access to the power grid.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Control Of Electrical Variables (AREA)
  • Supply And Distribution Of Alternating Current (AREA)

Abstract

一种串联补偿装置，包含至少两个电压源换流器、至少两台三相变压器、和至少一台三相电抗器，电压源换流器通过三相变压器串联接入多回线路，各电压源换流器的交流侧通过三相电抗器互连，从而实现了多个换流器均分系统潮流功能；该装置可独立安装于输电系统作为静止同步串联补偿器使用，也可以作为统一潮流控制器、可转换静止补偿器、线间潮流控制器和统一电能质量调节器串联接入输电系统装置的组成部分；此装置可以节省换流器容量，提高串联补偿装置的应用效率，降低了成本和占地面积。

Description

一种串联补偿装置 技术领域
本发明涉及柔性交流输电领域，具体涉及一种串联补偿装置。
背景技术
柔性交流输电系统(FACTS)的设备可分为串联补偿装置、并联补偿装置和综合控制装置。其中并联补偿装置可以直接接入各种等级的电网中，而串联补偿装置及综合控制装置由于一端需串联接入电网，需综合可靠性、灵活性及安全性，研究其接入方式。
串联补偿装置和综合控制装置中，静止同步串联补偿器(SSSC)、统一潮流控制器(UPFC)、线间潮流控制器(IPFC)和可转换静止补偿器(CSC)都是可以提高系统输电能力和调控能力的柔性输电设备；还有一种统一电能质量调节器(UPQC)，可以改善线路的电能质量。除静止同步串联补偿器外，其他设备都有两个换流器，且有相应的变压器完成隔离和变压等功能。因为静止同步串联补偿器一般作为其他装置的一种附加运行方式，所以也可列入同类。
目前串联补偿装置或者综合控制装置的串联补偿端，均是通过串联变压器接入电网。我国110kV及以上电网大部分采用双回线路结构，这就需要两台串联变压器将两套串联补偿装置分别串联接入双回线路，而每套串联补偿装置均需要按各回线的电流额定值去选取容量。在绝大部分场合，双回线路的总运行电流是远小于双回线电流额定值之和，上述方案造成了正常运行时容量严重浪费，势必增加了投资成本和占地面积，同时整体损耗也增大。对采用更多回线路结构的电网，成本、占地和设备损耗将进一步限制了串联补偿装置的应用。为了解决以上不足，提高FACTS接入电网的经济性，需要一种更适用于多回线路的串联补偿装置。
发明内容
本发明的目的，在于提供一种适用于多回线路的串联补偿装置,综合考虑成本、体积和设备损耗，满足FACTS接入电网的经济性和可靠性。
为了达成上述目的，本发明的解决方案是：
一种串联补偿装置，包含至少两个电压源换流器、至少两台三相变压器、至少一台三相电抗器；所述至少两个电压源换流器的交流侧通过所述至少一台三相电抗器互连；所述至少两台三相变压器的一侧绕组接至上述互连支路，另一侧绕组分别串联接入每回线路。
上述的一种串联补偿装置，三相变压器的数量与线路的回数相等，且每台三相变压器通过分相串联接入一回线路。
上述的一种串联补偿装置，所述电压源换流器均可直接或通过电抗器与所有三相变压器连接。
上述的一种串联补偿装置，所述三相变压器与电压源换流器连接侧的绕组采用星型直接接地、或者星型经电阻接地、或者角型的接法。
上述的一种串联补偿装置，所述三相变压器采用三相一体的结构时，包含有一个角型的平衡绕组空载运行。
上述的一种串联补偿装置，所述电压源换流器与三相变压器之间、三相变压器与输电线路之间以及三相电抗器支路设有但不限于：断路器、刀闸、避雷器、旁路装置中的一种、或者几种或者全部。
上述的一种串联补偿装置，所述旁路装置用于交流系统相间或线间旁路，具体装置为刀闸、或者旁路断路器、或者晶闸管阀、或者火花间隙。
上述的一种串联补偿装置，可独立安装于输电系统，也可作为但不限于统一潮流控制器、可转换静止补偿器、静止同步串联补偿器、线间潮流控制器和统一电能质量调节器串联接入输电线路装置的组成部分。
采用上述方案后，本发明实现了一种多个换流器均分系统潮流的串联补偿装置。将变压器分为阀侧绕组和线路侧绕组两部分，阀侧绕组折算至线路侧的总电流与线路侧绕组的总电流相等，由于在正常运行时多回线路的总电流总是远小于N*线路额定电流，因此所有换流器折算至线路侧的总电流只需要选择为线路电流的最大可能运行的总电流即可；而采用每回线路对应一台串联补偿装置，则每台串联补偿装置换流器折算至线路侧的电流必须要等于线路的额定电流，即所有换流器总电流等于N*线路额定电流；采用本发明的方案，换流器的总电流可以远小于N*线路额定电流，即在相同输出额定电压的前提下，本方案的换流器容量要远小于常规的方案，甚至可以减少换流器的数量，提高了串联补偿装置的运行效率，节省了换流器的设备成本和占地面积，提高了FACTS接入电网的经济性及可靠性。
附图说明
图1是本发明应用在双回线路的一种接线结构示意图；
图2是本发明应用在双回线路的另一种接线结构示意图；
图3是本发明应用在双回线路的一种通用接线结构示意图；
图4是本发明应用在双回线路含三个换流器的一种通用接线结构示意图；
图5是本发明应用在三回线路的一种通用接线结构示意图；
图6是本发明作为统一潮流控制器组成部分的一种接法示意图；
具体实施方式
下面结合附图对本发明的具体实施方式进行详细说明。
本发明提供了一种串联补偿装置，包含至少两个电压源换流器、至少两台三相变压器、至少一台三相电抗器；所述至少两个电压源换流器的交流侧通过所述至少一台三相电抗器互连；所述至少两台三相变压器的一侧绕组接至上述互连支路，另一侧绕组分别串联接入每回线路。
如图1所示，为本发明应用在双回线路的一种接线结构示意图，包含三相变压器和电压源换流器各两台以及三相电抗器一台。三相变压器与电压源换流器的交流侧直接连接，三相电抗器将两个连接支路互连。
如图2所示，为本发明应用在双回线路的又一种接线结构示意图，包含三相变压 器、电压源换流器和三相电抗器各两台。三相变压器的换流器侧并联连接，再通过三相电抗器分别与电压源换流器的交流侧连接。
前述的一种串联补偿装置，三相变压器的数量与多回线路的回数相等，且每台三相变压器通过分相串联接入一回线路。
前述的一种串联补偿装置，每个电压源换流器均可直接或通过电抗器与所有三相变压器连接。
前述的一种串联补偿装置，三相变压器与电压源换流器连接的绕组采用星型直接接地、或者星型经电阻接地、或者角型的接法。
前述的一种串联补偿装置，三相变压器采用三相一体的结构时，包含有一个角型的平衡绕组空载运行。
前述的一种串联补偿装置，电压源换流器与三相变压器之间、三相变压器与输电线路之间以及三相电抗器支路设有但不限于：断路器、刀闸、避雷器、旁路装置部分或所有设备。
前述的一种串联补偿装置，旁路装置用于交流系统相间或线间旁路，具体装置为断路器、或者晶闸管阀、或者火花间隙。
如图3所示，为本发明应用在双回线路的一种通用接线结构示意图，其中三相变压器和电压源换流器各两台，电抗器L1～L5为可选电抗器。具体实施为：电抗器L1、L2、L5中至少选用一个电抗器，其余任意搭配；未选用电抗器位置为导线连接。
当单个电压源换流器容量偏大时，可通过增加换流器数量来扩容。如图4所示，为本发明应用在双回线路的又一种通用接线结构示意图，其中三相变压器两台、电压源换流器三个，电抗器L1～L6为可选电抗器。具体实施为：电抗器L1、L2、L5中至少选用一台电抗器，电抗器L1、L5、L6中至少选用一个电抗器，电抗器L2、L6中至少选用一台电抗器，其余任意搭配；未选用电抗器位置为导线连接。
如图5所示，为本发明应用在三回线路的一种通用接线结构示意图，其中三相变压器三台、固定电压源换流器两个，可选电压源换流器1个，电抗器L1～L8为可选电抗器。当电压源换流器容量需求较小时，可减少一台换流器来节约成本。具体实施为：三个换流器时，电抗器L1、L2、L7中至少选用一台电抗器，电抗器L1、L3、L7、L8中至少选用一个电抗器，电抗器L2、L3、L8中至少选用一台电抗器，其余任意搭配且未选用电抗器位置为导线连接；两个换流器时，电抗器L1、L2、L7中至少选用一台电抗器，L3电抗器去除，其余任意搭配且未选用电抗器位置为导线连接。
前述的一种串联补偿装置，可独立安装于输电系统，也可作为但不限于统一潮流控制器、可转换静止补偿器、静止同步串联补偿器、线间潮流控制器和统一电能质量调节器串联接入输电线路装置的组成部分。如图6所示，为本发明应用在双回线路且作为统一潮流控制器组成部分的一种接线方式示意图，其中两个串联补偿装置合用一个并联侧电压源换流器和变压器。
采用上述方案后，本发明实现了一种多个换流器均分系统潮流的串联补偿装置。将变压器分为阀侧绕组和线路侧绕组两部分，阀侧绕组折算至线路侧的总电流与线路侧绕组的总电流相等，由于在正常运行时多回线路的总电流总是远小于N*线路额定电流，因此所有换流器折算至线路侧的总电流只需要选择为线路电流的最大可能运行的总电流即可； 而采用每回线路对应一台串联补偿装置，则每台串联补偿装置换流器折算至线路侧的电流必须要等于线路的额定电流，即所有换流器总电流等于N*线路额定电流；采用本发明的方案，换流器的总电流可以远小于N*线路额定电流，即在相同输出额定电压的前提下，本方案的换流器容量要远小于常规的方案，甚至部分场合可以减少换流器的数量，提高了串联补偿装置的运行效率，节省了换流器的设备成本和占地面积，提高了FACTS接入电网的经济性及可靠性。
最后应该说明的是：结合上述实施例仅说明本发明的技术方案而非对其限制。所属领域的普通技术人员应当理解到：本领域技术人员可以对本发明的具体实施方式进行修改或者等同替换，但这些修改或变更均在申请待批的专利要求保护范围之内。

Claims (8)

  1. 一种串联补偿装置，其特征在于：包含至少两个电压源换流器、至少两台三相变压器、至少一台三相电抗器；所述电压源换流器的交流侧通过所述三相电抗器互连，形成互连支路；所述三相变压器的一侧绕组接至上述互连支路，另一侧绕组分别串联接入每回线路。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的一种串联补偿装置，其特征在于：三相变压器的数量与线路的回数相等，且每台三相变压器的一侧绕组分相串联接入一回线路。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的一种串联补偿装置，其特征在于：所述电压源换流器均可直接或通过电抗器与所有三相变压器连接。
  4. 如权利要求1所述的一种串联补偿装置，其特征在于：所述三相变压器与电压源换流器连接侧的绕组采用星型直接接地、或者星型经电阻接地、或者角型的接法。
  5. 如权利要求1所述的一种串联补偿装置，其特征在于：所述三相变压器采用三相一体的结构时，包含有一个角型的平衡绕组空载运行。
  6. 如权利要求1所述的一种串联补偿装置，其特征在于：所述电压源换流器与三相变压器之间、三相变压器与输电线路之间以及三相电抗器支路上设有断路器、刀闸、避雷器或旁路装置中的一种、或者几种或者全部。
  7. 如权利要求6所述的一种串联补偿装置，其特征在于：所述旁路装置用于交流系统相间或线间旁路，具体装置为刀闸、或者旁路断路器、或者晶闸管阀、或者火花间隙。
  8. 如权利要求1所述的一种串联补偿装置，其特征在于：所述串联补偿装置独立安装于输电系统，或者，作为统一潮流控制器、可转换静止补偿器、静止同步串联补偿器、线间潮流控制器和统一电能质量调节器中的一种，串联接入输电线路装置的组成部分。
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