WO2018032617A1 - 一种双三相永磁同步电机 - Google Patents

一种双三相永磁同步电机 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018032617A1
WO2018032617A1 PCT/CN2016/104524 CN2016104524W WO2018032617A1 WO 2018032617 A1 WO2018032617 A1 WO 2018032617A1 CN 2016104524 W CN2016104524 W CN 2016104524W WO 2018032617 A1 WO2018032617 A1 WO 2018032617A1
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Prior art keywords
coil
element side
disposed
phase
phase winding
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PCT/CN2016/104524
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
冯江华
诸自强
许培林
褚文强
王禹
陈致初
许峻峰
郭淑英
冯守智
史俊旭
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中车株洲电力机车研究所有限公司
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Priority to DE112016007148.5T priority Critical patent/DE112016007148T5/de
Publication of WO2018032617A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018032617A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K3/00—Details of windings
    • H02K3/04—Windings characterised by the conductor shape, form or construction, e.g. with bar conductors
    • H02K3/12—Windings characterised by the conductor shape, form or construction, e.g. with bar conductors arranged in slots
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K3/00—Details of windings
    • H02K3/04—Windings characterised by the conductor shape, form or construction, e.g. with bar conductors
    • H02K3/28—Layout of windings or of connections between windings

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of motor structures, and more particularly to a dual three-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor.
  • the conventional permanent magnet synchronous motor is mainly based on three-phase power supply, and thus has disadvantages such as poor fault tolerance and large torque ripple. Therefore, multiphase permanent magnet synchronous motors have been widely studied and applied in recent years. In addition to the advantages of traditional permanent magnet synchronous motors, they also have the advantages of low torque ripple, good fault tolerance and many degrees of freedom of control. And six-phase (ie, two-phase three-phase) motors are the most widely studied and applied. Among them, the two-phase three-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor comprises two sets of three-phase windings, and the two sets of three-phase windings can be respectively powered by independent three-phase inverters, so that the control is simple and the cost of the inverter is low.
  • the 30° dual three-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor is the most common.
  • 30° double three-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor which means that the two sets of windings have a phase difference of 30°. That is, the phase A of the two sets of windings (ie, A1 and A2) differs by 30°, the phase B (ie, B1 and B2) differs by 30°, and the phase C (ie, C1 and C2) differs by 30°. Electrical angle. In this way, some subharmonics (such as 5th and 7th harmonics) of the synthetic stator magnetomotive force are superimposed in reverse, thereby reducing torque ripple, reducing iron loss and permanent magnet eddy current loss, and improving motor efficiency.
  • the fault tolerance of the 30° dual three-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor is poor.
  • the three-phase transient short-circuit current is large, causing permanent damage to the inverter and easily causing irreversible demagnetization of the permanent magnet.
  • the generation of a large peak braking torque which in turn leads to a decrease in the performance of the permanent magnet synchronous motor.
  • the present application proposes a dual three-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor, which is intended to be in a transient state.
  • the three-phase transient short-circuit current and peak braking torque are reduced, and the risk of irreversible demagnetization of the permanent magnet is reduced.
  • a dual-phase three-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor having a stator and a rotor, wherein a stator of the stator is wound with a first three-phase winding and a second three-phase winding, wherein
  • the first set of three-phase windings includes a first phase winding, a second phase winding, and a third phase winding, and the first phase winding, the second phase winding, and the third phase winding are symmetrically disposed;
  • the second set of three-phase windings includes a fourth phase winding, a fifth phase winding and a sixth phase winding, and the fourth phase winding, the fifth phase winding and the sixth phase winding are symmetrically arranged;
  • the first set of three-phase windings and the second set of three-phase windings are: three-phase double-layer windings.
  • the winding form of the three-phase double-layer winding is: a stacked type.
  • the number of slots of the stator is 24*N
  • the number of poles of the rotor is 10*N or 14*N
  • the N is a positive integer.
  • each coil has a pitch of 2 and each coil has a number of turns M, and the M is a positive integer, 15° is adopted between the first set of three-phase windings and the second set of three-phase windings.
  • the winding connection method is specifically as follows:
  • the three phases of the first set of three-phase windings are separated from the corresponding phases of the second set of three-phase windings by a distance of five slots.
  • the stator when the stator includes 24 slots, the 24 slots are numbered according to the number, and when the rotor includes 10 (or 14) magnetic poles, the three phases of the first three-phase sleeve winding and the first The difference between the corresponding phases of the two sets of three-phase windings is 5 groove pitches:
  • the first phase winding of the first set of three-phase windings is composed of a first coil, a second coil, a seventh coil and an eighth coil;
  • the upper element side of the first coil is disposed in the lower layer of the No. 1 groove, and the lower element side is disposed on the upper layer of the No. 3 groove; the upper element side of the second coil is disposed on the lower layer of the No. 3 groove, and the lower element side is disposed at the side
  • the upper layer of the fifth coil; the upper element side of the seventh coil is disposed in the lower layer of the 13th groove, the lower element side is disposed on the upper layer of the 15th groove; and the upper element side of the eighth coil is disposed on the lower layer of the 15th groove
  • the lower component side is disposed on the upper layer of the 17th slot;
  • the upper element side of the first coil is a current input end of the first phase winding
  • the lower element side of the first coil is connected to a lower element side of the second coil
  • the upper element of the second coil Connected to the lower element side of the seventh coil
  • the upper element side of the seventh coil is connected to the upper element side of the eighth coil
  • the lower element side of the eighth coil is the first phase winding Current output of A1;
  • the second phase winding of the first set of three-phase windings is composed of a third coil, a fourth coil, a ninth coil and a tenth coil;
  • the upper element side of the third coil is disposed in the lower layer of the No. 5 groove, and the lower element side is disposed on the upper layer of the No. 7 groove; the upper element side of the fourth coil is disposed in the lower layer of the No. 7 groove, and the lower element side is disposed on the The upper layer of the ninth coil; the upper element side of the ninth coil is disposed in the lower layer of the 17th groove, the lower element side is disposed on the upper layer of the 19th groove; and the upper element side of the tenth coil is disposed on the lower layer of the 19th groove
  • the lower component side is disposed on the upper layer of the 21st slot;
  • the upper element side of the third coil is a current output end of the second phase winding
  • the lower element side of the third coil is connected to a lower element side of the fourth coil
  • the upper element of the fourth coil Connected to the lower element side of the ninth coil
  • the upper element side of the ninth coil is connected to the upper element side of the tenth coil
  • the lower element side of the tenth coil is the second phase winding Current input terminal;
  • the third phase winding of the first set of three-phase windings is composed of a fifth coil, a sixth coil, an eleventh coil and a twelfth coil;
  • the upper element side of the fifth coil is disposed on the lower layer of the No. 9 groove, and the lower element side is disposed on the upper layer of the No. 11 groove; the upper element side of the sixth coil is disposed on the lower layer of the No. 11 groove, and the lower element side is disposed at the lower side
  • the upper layer of the No. 13 slot; the upper element side of the eleventh coil is disposed on the lower layer of the No. 21 slot,
  • the lower element side is on the upper layer of the 23rd groove;
  • the upper element side of the twelfth coil is disposed on the lower layer of the 23rd groove, and the lower element side is disposed on the upper layer of the 1st groove;
  • An upper element side of the fifth coil is a current input end of the third phase winding, a lower element side of the fifth coil is connected to a lower element side of the sixth coil, and an upper element of the sixth coil Connected to the lower element side of the eleventh coil, the upper element side of the eleventh coil is connected to the upper element side of the twelfth coil, and the lower element side of the twelfth coil is a current output terminal of the third phase winding;
  • the fourth phase winding of the second set of three-phase windings is composed of a fifteenth coil, a sixteenth coil, a twenty first coil and a twenty-second coil;
  • the upper element side of the fifteenth coil is disposed in the lower layer of the sixth groove, and the lower element side is disposed on the upper layer of the eighth groove; the upper element side of the sixteenth coil is disposed on the lower layer of the eighth groove, and the lower element side It is disposed on the upper layer of the No. 10 slot; the upper element side of the twenty-first coil is disposed in the lower layer of the No. 18 slot, the lower element side is disposed on the upper layer of the No. 20 slot; and the upper component side of the twenty-second coil is disposed. In the lower layer of the No. 20 slot, the lower component side is disposed on the upper layer of the No. 22 slot;
  • An upper element side of the fifteenth coil is a current input end of the fourth phase winding, and a lower element side of the fifteenth coil is connected to a lower element side of the sixteenth coil, the sixteenth An upper element side of the coil is connected to a lower element side of the twenty-first coil, and an upper element side of the twenty-first coil is connected to an upper element side of the twenty-second coil, the second twelve a lower element side of the coil is a current output end of the fourth phase winding;
  • the fifth phase winding of the second set of three-phase windings is composed of a seventeenth coil, an eighteenth coil, a twenty-third coil, and a twenty-fourth coil;
  • the upper element side of the seventeenth coil is disposed on the lower layer of the No. 10 groove, and the lower element side is disposed on the upper layer of the No. 12 groove; the upper element side of the eighteenth coil is disposed on the lower layer of the No. 12 groove, and the lower element side It is disposed on the upper layer of the No. 14 slot; the upper element side of the twenty-third coil is disposed in the lower layer of the No. 22 slot, the lower element side is disposed on the upper layer of the No. 24 slot; and the upper component side of the twenty-fourth coil is disposed In the lower layer of the No. 24 slot, the lower component side is disposed on the upper layer of the No. 2 slot;
  • the upper element side of the seventeenth coil is a current output end of the fifth phase winding
  • the a lower element side of the seventeenth coil is connected to a lower element side of the eighteenth coil
  • an upper element side of the eighteenth coil is connected to a lower element side of the twenty-third coil
  • the twenty-third An upper element side of the coil is connected to an upper element side of the twenty-fourth coil
  • a lower element side of the twenty-fourth coil is a current input end of the fifth phase winding
  • the sixth phase winding of the second set of three-phase windings is composed of a thirteenth coil, a fourteenth coil, a nineteenth coil and a twentieth coil;
  • the upper element side of the thirteenth coil is disposed in the lower layer of the No. 2 groove, and the lower element side is disposed on the upper layer of the No. 4 groove; the upper element side of the fourteenth coil is disposed on the lower layer of the No. 4 groove, and the lower element side It is disposed on the upper layer of the No. 6 slot; the upper element side of the nineteenth coil is disposed in the lower layer of the No. 14 slot, the lower element side is disposed on the upper layer of the No. 16 slot; and the upper element side of the twentieth coil is disposed on the 16th slot The lower layer of the slot, the lower component side is placed on the upper layer of the 18th slot;
  • the upper element side of the thirteenth coil is a current output end of the sixth phase winding, and the lower element side of the thirteenth coil is connected to a lower element side of the fourteenth coil, the fourteenth
  • the upper element side of the coil is connected to the lower element side of the nineteenth coil, and the upper element side of the nineteenth coil is connected to the lower element side of the twentieth coil.
  • the lower element side of the twentieth coil is a current input end of the sixth phase winding;
  • the current output end and the current output end of the sixth phase winding form a common point; or the current output end of the first winding, the current output end of the second phase winding, and the third phase winding
  • the current output terminals are formed into a common point, and the current output terminal of the fourth phase winding, the current output terminal of the fifth phase winding, and the current output terminal of the sixth phase winding form another common point.
  • a dual three-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor disclosed in the present application has a stator and a rotor, and a first set of three-phase windings and a second set of three-phase windings are wound in the slots of the stator.
  • the three-phase windings of the first three-phase winding are symmetrically arranged such that the three phases (A1, B1 and C1) of the first three-phase winding differ from each other by an electrical angle of 120°.
  • the three sets of three-phase windings are also symmetrically arranged.
  • the three phases (A2, B2 and C2) of the second set of three-phase windings are mutually offset by an electrical angle of 120°.
  • the first three-phase winding and the second three-phase winding are connected by a 15° winding, so that the three phases (A1, B1 and C1) of the first three-phase winding and the corresponding phase of the second three-phase winding (A2) , B2 and C2) are each 15° electrical angle difference. That is, the A1 phase and the A2 phase differ by 15° electrical angle, the B1 phase and the B2 phase differ by 15° electrical angle, and the C1 phase and the C2 phase differ by 15° electrical angle.
  • the two-phase three-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor adopts this 15° winding connection mode, the phase winding has a large self-inductance, and the mutual inductance with the adjacent phase is small.
  • 1 is a schematic view showing phase difference between phases of two sets of windings disclosed in the embodiment
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic exploded view showing the wiring of the first set of three-phase windings disclosed in the embodiment
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic exploded view showing the wiring of the second set of the set according to the embodiment.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing a part of the wiring of another first set of three-phase windings disclosed in the embodiment
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic exploded view showing another portion of the first set of three-phase windings disclosed in the embodiment.
  • the first set of three phase windings includes a first phase winding, a second phase winding, and a third phase winding.
  • the first phase winding, the second phase winding and the third phase winding are symmetrically arranged such that the three phases of the first set of three phase windings differ from each other by an electrical angle of 120[deg.].
  • the second set of three phase windings includes a fourth phase winding, a fifth phase winding, and a sixth phase winding.
  • the fourth phase winding, the fifth phase winding and the sixth phase winding are symmetrically arranged such that the three phases of the second set of three-phase windings differ from each other by an electrical angle of 120°.
  • the A1 phase is generated when the first phase winding is energized, the B1 phase is generated when the second phase winding is energized, and the C1 phase is generated when the third phase winding is conducting current; the A2 phase is fourth.
  • the phase winding is energized
  • the B2 phase is generated when the fifth phase winding is energized
  • the C2 phase is generated when the sixth phase winding is energized. Since the first phase winding, the second phase winding, and the third phase winding are symmetrically arranged, the A1 phase, the B1 phase, and the C1 phase are mutually different by an electrical angle of 120°. Since the fourth phase winding, the fifth phase winding, and the sixth phase winding are symmetrically arranged, the A2 phase, the B2 phase, and the C2 phase are also mutually different by an electrical angle of 120°.
  • the first set of three-phase windings and the second set of three-phase windings are connected by a 15° winding, so that the three phases (A1, B1 and C1) of the first three-phase winding and the corresponding phase of the second three-phase winding (A2) , B2 and C2) are each 15° electrical angle difference. That is, the A1 phase and the A2 phase differ by 15° electrical angle, the B1 phase and the B2 phase differ by 15° electrical angle, and the C1 phase and the C2 phase differ by 15° electrical angle.
  • the two-phase three-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor adopts the 15° winding connection mode, and the phase windings have large self-inductance and small mutual inductance with adjacent phases.
  • the instantaneous peak short-circuit current is small, so the damage to the inverter is caused. The risk is small and the peak braking torque is also small.
  • the sub-harmonic content of the stator magnetomotive force of the three-phase winding is low, which makes the peak demagnetization stator magnetomotive force lower, and the influence on the irreversible demagnetization of the permanent magnet is also small. Furthermore, the performance of the two-phase three-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor is improved.
  • the number of slots of the stator may be a multiple of 24 (k times), and the number of magnetic poles of the rotor is correspondingly a multiple of 10 (or 14) (k times).
  • the number of slots of the stator is 24, the number of poles of the rotor is 10 or 14; when the number of slots of the stator is 48, the number of poles of the rotor is 20 or 28, and so on.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the wiring of the first set of three-phase windings when the coil pitch is 2, the number of stator slots is 24, and the number of magnetic poles of the rotor is 10 (or 14). Set the 24 slots of the sub-slot, which is the slot 1-24.
  • the first coil, the second coil, the third coil, the fourth coil, the fifth coil, the sixth coil, the seventh coil, the eighth coil, and the first set of three-phase windings are disposed in the annular stator slot
  • the nine coil, the tenth coil, the eleventh coil and the twelfth coil are formed.
  • the first phase winding of the first set of three-phase windings is composed of a first coil, a second coil, a seventh coil and an eighth coil.
  • the upper element side of the first coil is disposed in the lower layer of the No. 1 slot, the lower element side of the first coil is disposed on the upper layer of the No. 3 slot; the upper element side of the second coil is disposed in the lower layer of the No. 3 slot, and the lower side of the second coil
  • the element side is disposed on the upper layer of the No. 5 slot; the upper element side of the seventh coil is disposed on the lower layer of the No. 13 slot, the lower element side of the seventh coil is disposed on the upper layer of the No.
  • the four coils of the first phase winding are connected in such a manner that the upper element side A1+ of the first coil is the current input end of the first phase winding, and the lower element side of the first coil is connected to the lower element side of the second coil, the second coil
  • the upper element side is connected to the lower element side of the seventh coil
  • the upper element side of the seventh coil is connected to the upper element side of the eighth coil
  • the lower element side of the eighth coil is used as the current output end of the first phase winding.
  • the second phase winding is composed of a third coil, a fourth coil, a ninth coil, and a tenth coil.
  • the upper element side of the third coil is disposed in the lower layer of the No. 5 groove, the lower element side of the third coil is disposed on the upper layer of the No. 7 groove; the upper element side of the fourth coil is disposed in the lower layer of the No. 7 groove, and the lower element of the fourth coil.
  • the upper element side of the ninth coil is disposed on the lower layer of the No. 17 groove, the lower element side of the ninth coil is disposed on the upper layer of the No. 19 groove, and the upper element side of the tenth coil is set on the No.
  • the lower element side of the tenth coil is disposed on the upper layer of the No. 21 groove.
  • the four coils of the second phase winding are connected in such a manner that the upper element side B1 of the third coil is the current output end of the second phase winding, and the lower element side of the third coil is connected to the lower element side of the fourth coil, fourth
  • the upper element side of the coil is connected to the lower element side of the ninth coil, the upper element side of the ninth coil is connected to the upper element side of the tenth coil, and the lower element side B1+ of the tenth coil is used as the current input end of the second phase winding.
  • the third phase winding is composed of a fifth coil, a sixth coil, an eleventh coil, and a twelfth coil.
  • the upper element side of the fifth coil is disposed in the lower layer of the No. 9 groove, the lower element side of the fifth coil is disposed on the upper layer of the No. 11 groove; the upper element side of the sixth coil is disposed in the lower layer of the No. 11 groove, and the lower side of the sixth coil.
  • the component side is disposed on the upper layer of the 13th slot, the upper component side of the eleventh coil is disposed in the lower layer of the 21st slot, the lower component side of the eleventh coil is disposed on the upper layer of the 23rd slot; and the upper component side of the twelfth coil is set In the lower layer of the No.
  • the lower element side of the twelfth coil is disposed on the upper layer of the No. 1 groove.
  • the four coils of the third phase winding are connected in such a manner that the upper element side C1+ of the fifth coil is the current input end of the third phase winding, and the lower element side of the fifth coil is connected to the lower element side of the sixth coil, the sixth coil
  • the upper element side is connected to the lower element side of the eleventh coil
  • the upper element side of the eleventh coil is connected to the upper element side of the twelfth coil
  • the lower element side C1- of the twelfth coil is used as the third phase winding Current output.
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic view showing the wiring of the second set of three-phase windings when the coil pitch is 2, the number of stator slots is 24, and the number of magnetic poles of the rotor is 10 or 14.
  • the second set of three-phase windings is composed of a thirteenth coil, a fourteenth coil, a fifteenth coil, a sixteenth coil, a seventeenth coil, an eighteenth coil, a nineteenth coil, and the like, which are arranged in the annular stator slot.
  • the twentieth coil, the twenty-first coil, the twenty-second coil, the twenty-third coil, and the twenty-fourth coil are formed.
  • the fourth phase winding is composed of a fifteenth coil, a sixteenth coil, a twenty first coil, and a twenty second coil.
  • the upper element side of the fifteenth coil is disposed in the lower layer of the sixth groove, the lower element side of the fifteenth coil is disposed on the upper layer of the eighth groove; the upper element side of the sixteenth coil is disposed on the lower layer of the eighth groove, the tenth
  • the lower element side of the six coil is disposed on the upper layer of the No. 10 slot; the upper element side of the twenty-first coil is disposed on the lower layer of the No. 18 slot, and the lower element side of the twenty-first coil is disposed on the upper layer of the No. 20 slot;
  • the upper element side of the twenty-two coil is disposed on the lower layer of the No.
  • the four coils of the fourth phase winding are connected in such a manner that the upper element side A2+ of the fifteenth coil is the current input end of the fourth phase winding, and the lower element side of the fifteenth coil is connected to the lower element side of the sixteenth coil.
  • the upper element side of the sixteenth coil is connected to the lower element side of the twenty first coil, the upper element side of the twenty first coil is connected to the upper element side of the twenty-second coil, and the lower element side of the twenty-second coil is connected A2 - the current output of the fourth phase winding.
  • the fifth phase winding is composed of a seventeenth coil, an eighteenth coil, a twenty-third coil, and a twenty-fourth coil.
  • the upper element side of the seventeenth coil is disposed in the lower layer of the No. 10 groove, the lower element side of the seventeenth coil is disposed on the upper layer of the No. 12 groove; the upper element side of the eighteenth coil is disposed on the lower layer of the No. 12 groove, the tenth
  • the lower element side of the eight coil is disposed on the upper layer of the No. 14 slot; the upper element side of the twenty-third coil is disposed on the lower layer of the No. 22 slot, and the lower element side of the twenty-third coil is disposed on the upper layer of the No.
  • the upper element side of the fourteen coil is disposed on the lower layer of the No. 24 groove, and the lower element side of the twenty-fourth coil is disposed on the upper layer of the No. 2 groove.
  • the four coils of the fifth phase winding are connected by the upper element side A2- of the seventeenth coil as the current output end of the fifth phase winding, and the lower element side of the seventeenth coil is connected to the lower element side of the eighteenth coil.
  • the upper element side of the eighteenth coil is connected to the lower element side of the twenty-third coil, the upper element side of the twenty-third coil is connected to the upper element side of the twenty-fourth coil, and the lower element of the twenty-fourth coil is connected Side B2+ acts as the current input of the fifth phase winding.
  • the sixth phase winding is composed of a thirteenth coil, a fourteenth coil, a nineteenth coil, and a twentieth coil.
  • the upper element side of the thirteenth coil is disposed in the lower layer of the second groove, the lower element side of the thirteenth coil is disposed on the upper layer of the fourth groove; the upper element side of the fourteenth coil is disposed on the lower layer of the fourth groove, the tenth
  • the lower element side of the four coils is disposed on the upper layer of the No. 6 slot; the upper element side of the nineteenth coil is disposed on the lower layer of the No. 14 slot, and the lower element side of the nineteenth coil is disposed on the upper layer of the No.
  • the twentieth coil The upper element side is disposed on the lower layer of the 16th groove, and the lower element side of the twentieth coil is disposed on the upper layer of the 18th groove.
  • the four coils of the sixth phase winding are connected by the upper element side C2- of the thirteenth coil as the current output end of the sixth phase winding, and the lower element side of the thirteenth coil is connected to the lower element side of the fourteenth coil.
  • the upper element side of the fourteenth coil is connected to the lower element side of the nineteenth coil, and the upper element side of the nineteenth coil is connected to the lower element side of the twentieth coil.
  • Lower element side of the twentieth coil C2+ acts as the current input of the sixth phase winding.
  • the current input terminal A1+ of the first phase winding, the current input terminal B1+ of the second phase winding, and the current input terminal C1+ of the third phase winding are connected to a set of three-phase full-bridge inverters, and the three-phase full-bridge inverter is connected Power supply.
  • the current input terminal A2+ of the fourth phase winding, the current input terminal B2+ of the fifth phase winding, and the current input terminal C2+ of the sixth phase winding are connected to another set of three-phase full-bridge inverters, and the three-phase full-bridge inverse
  • the transformer is powered. That is, two sets of three-phase windings can be powered by separate three-phase inverters.
  • the current output terminal A1- of the first winding, the current output terminal B1- of the second phase winding, the current output terminal C1- of the third phase winding, the current output terminal A2- of the fourth phase winding, and the current output of the fifth phase winding form a common point.
  • the current output terminal A1- of the first winding, the current output terminal B1- of the second phase winding, and the current output terminal C1- of the third phase winding form a common point; the current output terminal A2- of the fourth phase winding
  • the current output terminal B2- of the fifth phase winding and the current output terminal C2- of the sixth phase winding form another common point.
  • the number of turns of each coil is equal, and the specific number of turns of each coil is not limited.
  • the first set of three-phase windings and the second set of three-phase windings disclosed in this embodiment are three-phase double-layer windings, that is, the number of coils is equal to the number of slots, and the upper and lower coil sides are placed in each slot. And the stack winding, that is, the adjacent two series coils, the latter coil is superimposed on the previous coil.
  • the corresponding phase of the first set of three-phase windings and the second set of three-phase windings are separated by 5 slots.
  • the dual-phase three-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor adopts the 15° winding connection mode, which can effectively reduce the instantaneous short-circuit current peak (about 28% drop), and the peak demagnetization stator magnetomotive force can be reduced by about 63%. Therefore, the fault tolerance performance of the short-circuit fault of the two-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor can be significantly improved, and the influence of the transient short-circuit fault can be reduced. That is to achieve the purpose of reducing the three-phase transient short-circuit current and peak braking torque, and reducing the risk of irreversible demagnetization of the permanent magnet.
  • FIG. 4 is a part of the wiring development diagram of the first set of three-phase windings when the coil pitch is 2, the number of slots of the stator is 48, and the number of magnetic poles of the rotor is 20 or 28, and FIG. 5 is when the coil pitch is 2,
  • the wiring of the first set of three-phase windings is expanded to another part of the schematic.
  • the first set of three-phase windings comprises 24 coils, whereby a ring is formed in the groove of the annular stator.
  • the first 12 coils and the coil have a pitch of 2
  • the number of slots of the stator is 24, and the number of poles of the rotor is 10 or 14
  • the first three sets of three-phase windings include 12 coils connected in the same manner. See Figure 2 and Figure 4; the last 12 coils are also the same as when the coil pitch is 2, the number of slots of the stator is 24, and the number of poles of the rotor is 10 or 14, the 12 coils included in the first set of three-phase windings are connected in the same manner. See Figure 2 and Figure 5.
  • the first set of three-phase windings includes 24 coils and is divided into two parts with the same connection.
  • the connection relationship between the two identical parts is specifically: A1- and the first part (ie, in FIG.
  • the two parts (ie in Figure 5) of the A1+ connection constitute the first phase winding
  • the B1+ and the B1-connection of the second portion constitute a second phase winding
  • the C1+ connection of the first portion and the C1+ of the second portion constitute the third phase winding.
  • the connection relationship between the 24 coils of the second set of three-phase windings is known, and will not be described in detail in this embodiment.
  • N is a positive integer
  • N is a positive integer
  • N is a positive integer
  • N is a positive integer
  • N is a positive integer
  • N is a positive integer
  • N is a positive integer
  • N is a positive integer
  • N is a positive integer
  • N is a positive integer
  • N is a positive integer
  • N is a positive integer
  • N is a positive integer
  • N is a positive integer
  • N is 12*N
  • each part is connected in the same way as the first set of three-phase windings when the number of slots of the stator is 24, and the N parts are connected in series.
  • the first part is connected in series with the second part
  • the second part is the third part.
  • the number of stator slots is 24*N and the number of magnetic poles is 10*N
  • the number of poles P is 5*N
  • the number of stator slots is 24*N and the number of magnetic poles is 14*N
  • the number of poles P is 7*N
  • the difference is 5 slots

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  • Windings For Motors And Generators (AREA)

Abstract

一种双三相永磁同步电机，定子的槽（1-24,1-48）内绕置两套三相绕组。第一套三相绕组的三相绕组对称设置。第二套三相绕组的三相绕组对称设置。第一套三相绕组与第二套三相绕组采用15°绕组连接方式，使得第一套三相绕组的三相（A1，B1，C1）与第二套三相绕组的对应相（A2，B2，C2）之间分别互差15°电角度。双三相永磁同步电机采用这种15°绕组连接方式，相绕组自感大，且与相邻相的互感小，当发生短路故障时，瞬时峰值短路电流较小，因此对逆变器的损害风险较小，同时峰值制动转矩也较小。此外，15°绕组连接方式下，短路故障时三相绕组定子磁动势次谐波含量较低，使得峰值退磁定子磁动势较低，对永磁不可逆退磁影响也较小，进而提高了双三相永磁同步电机的性能。

Description

一种双三相永磁同步电机
本申请要求于2016年08月16日提交中国专利局、申请号为201610676730.2、发明名称为“一种双三相永磁同步电机”的国内申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及电机结构领域，更具体地说，涉及一种双三相永磁同步电机。
背景技术
传统永磁同步电机以三相供电为主，因而存在容错能力差，转矩脉动较大等缺点。因此，多相永磁同步电机近年来得到广泛研究与应用，其除了传统永磁同步电机的优势之外，还具有转矩脉动低，容错性能好，控制自由度多等优势，目前以五相与六相(即双三相)电机研究和应用最为广泛。其中，双三相永磁同步电机包括两套三相绕组，其两套三相绕组可分别采用独立的三相逆变器供电，故具有控制简单，逆变器成本低等优点。
目前，以30°双三相永磁同步电机最为常见。30°双三相永磁同步电机，指两套绕组对应相之间相差30°电角度。即两套绕组的A相(即A1和A2)之间相差30°电角度，B相(即B1和B2)之间相差30°电角度，C相(即C1和C2)之间相差30°电角度。这样使得合成定子磁动势中某些次谐波(如5，7次谐波)反向叠加，进而降低转矩脉动，减小铁损和永磁体涡流损耗，提升电机效率。但是，30°双三相永磁同步电机的容错性较差，在发生短路故障时，三相瞬态短路电流很大，造成逆变器永久性损坏损害，且容易造成永磁体的不可逆退磁，以及产生较大的峰值制动转矩，进而导致永磁同步电机的性能降低。
发明内容
有鉴于此，本申请提出一种双三相永磁同步电机，欲实现在发生瞬态 短路故障时，减小三相瞬态短路电流和峰值制动转矩，以及降低永磁体不可逆退磁风险的目的。
为了实现上述目的，现提出的方案如下：
一种双三相永磁同步电机，具有定子和转子，所述定子的槽内绕置有第一套三相绕组和第二套三相绕组，其中，
所述第一套三相绕组包括第一相绕组、第二相绕组和第三相绕组，且所述第一相绕组、所述第二相绕组和所述第三相绕组对称设置；
所述第二套三相绕组包括第四相绕组、第五相绕组和第六相绕组，所述第四相绕组、第五相绕组和第六相绕组对称设置；
所述第一套三相绕组和所述第二套三相绕组之间采用15°绕组连接方式，以使所述第一套三相绕组的三相与所述第二套三相绕组的对应相之间分别相差15°电角度。
优选的，所述第一套三相绕组和所述第二套三相绕组均为：三相双层绕组。
优选的，所述三相双层绕组的绕制型式为：叠绕式。
优选的，所述定子的槽数为24*N，所述转子的磁极数为10*N或14*N，所述N为正整数。
优选的，当每个线圈节距为2，每个线圈匝数为M，所述M为正整数时，所述第一套三相绕组和所述第二套三相绕组之间采用15°绕组连接方式具体为：
所述第一套三相绕组的三相与所述第二套三相绕组的对应相之间分别相差5个槽距。
优选的，当所述定子包括24个槽，所述24个槽依此编号，所述转子包括10个(或14个)磁极时，所述第一三相套绕组的三相与所述第二套三相绕组的对应相之间分别相差5个槽距具体为：
所述第一套三相绕组的所述第一相绕组由第一线圈、第二线圈、第七线圈和第八线圈构成；
所述第一线圈的上元件边设置在1号槽的下层，下元件边设置在3号槽的上层；所述第二线圈的上元件边设置在3号槽的下层，下元件边设置在5号槽的上层；所述第七线圈的上元件边设置在13号槽的下层，下元件边设置在15号槽的上层；所述第八线圈的上元件边设置在15号槽的下层，下元件边设置在17号槽上层；
所述第一线圈的上元件边为所述第一相绕组的电流输入端，所述第一线圈的下元件边与所述第二线圈的下元件边连接，所述第二线圈的上元件边与所述第七线圈的下元件边连接，所述第七线圈的上元件边与所述第八线圈的上元件边连接，所述第八线圈的下元件边为所述第一相绕组A1的电流输出端；
所述第一套三相绕组的所述第二相绕组由第三线圈、第四线圈、第九线圈和第十线圈构成；
所述第三线圈的的上元件边设置在5号槽的下层，下元件边设置在7号槽上层；所述第四线圈的上元件边设置在7号槽的下层，下元件边设置在9号槽的上层；所述第九线圈的上元件边设置在17号槽的下层，下元件边设置在19号槽的上层；所述第十线圈的上元件边设置在19号槽的下层，下元件边设置在21号槽的上层；
所述第三线圈的上元件边为所述第二相绕组的电流输出端，所述第三线圈的下元件边与所述第四线圈的下元件边连接，所述第四线圈的上元件边与所述第九线圈的下元件边连接，所述第九线圈的上元件边与所述第十线圈的上元件边连接，所述第十线圈的下元件边为所述第二相绕组的电流输入端；
所述第一套三相绕组的第三相绕组由第五线圈、第六线圈、第十一线圈和第十二线圈构成；
所述第五线圈的上元件边设置在9号槽的下层，下元件边设置在11号槽的上层；所述第六线圈设置的上元件边在11号槽的下层，下元件边设置在13号槽的上层；所述第十一线圈的上元件边设置在21号槽的下层， 下元件边在23号槽上层；所述第十二线圈的上元件边设置在23号槽的下层，下元件边设置在1号槽的上层；
所述第五线圈的上元件边为所述第三相绕组的电流输入端，所述第五线圈的下元件边与所述第六线圈的下元件边连接，所述第六线圈的上元件边与所述第十一线圈的下元件边连接，所述第十一线圈的上元件边与所述第十二线圈的上元件边连接，所述第十二线圈的下元件边为所述第三相绕组的电流输出端；
所述第二套三相绕组的所述第四相绕组由第十五线圈、第十六线圈、第二十一线圈和第二十二线圈构成；
所述第十五线圈的上元件边设置在6号槽的下层，下元件边设置在8号槽的上层；所述第十六线圈的上元件边设置在8号槽的下层，下元件边设置在10号槽的上层；所述第二十一线圈的上元件边设置在18号槽的下层，下元件边设置在20号槽的上层；所述第二十二线圈的上元件边设置在20号槽的下层，下元件边设置在22号槽的上层；
所述第十五线圈的上元件边为所述第四相绕组的电流输入端，所述第十五线圈的下元件边与所述第十六线圈的下元件边连接，所述第十六线圈的上元件边与所述第二十一线圈的下元件边连接，所述第二十一线圈的上元件边与所述第二十二线圈的上元件边连接，所述第二十二线圈的下元件边为所述第四相绕组的电流输出端；
所述第二套三相绕组的所述第五相绕组由第十七线圈、第十八线圈、第二十三线圈和第二十四线圈构成；
所述第十七线圈的上元件边设置在10号槽的下层，下元件边设置在12号槽的上层；所述第十八线圈的上元件边设置在12号槽的下层，下元件边设置在14号槽的上层；所述第二十三线圈的上元件边设置在22号槽的下层，下元件边设置在24号槽的上层；所述第二十四线圈的上元件边设置在24号槽的下层，下元件边设置在2号槽的上层；
所述第十七线圈的上元件边为所述第五相绕组的电流输出端，所述第 十七线圈的下元件边与所述第十八线圈的下元件边连接，所述第十八线圈的上元件边与所述第二十三线圈的下元件边连接，所述第二十三线圈的上元件边与所述第二十四线圈的上元件边连接，所述第二十四线圈的下元件边为所述第五相绕组的电流输入端；
所述第二套三相绕组的所述第六相绕组由第十三线圈、第十四线圈、第十九线圈和第二十线圈构成；
所述第十三线圈的上元件边设置在2号槽的下层，下元件边设置在4号槽的上层；所述第十四线圈的上元件边设置在4号槽的下层，下元件边设置在6号槽的上层；所述第十九线圈的上元件边设置在14号槽的下层，下元件边设置在16号槽的上层；所述第二十线圈的上元件边设置在16号槽的下层，下元件边设置在18号槽的上层；
所述第十三线圈的上元件边为所述第六相绕组的电流输出端，所说第十三线圈的下元件边与所述第十四线圈的下元件边连接，所述第十四线圈的上元件边与所述第十九线圈的下元件边连接，所述第十九线圈的上元件边与所述第二十线圈的下元件边连接。所述第二十线圈的下元件边为第六相绕组的电流输入端；
所述第一绕组的电流输出端、所述第二相绕组的电流输出端、所述第三相绕组的电流输出端、所述第四相绕组的电流输出端、所述第五相绕组的电流输出端和所述第六相绕组的电流输出端结成一个公共点；或者，所述第一绕组的电流输出端、所述第二相绕组的电流输出端和所述第三相绕组的电流输出端结成一个公共点，所述第四相绕组的电流输出端、所述第五相绕组的电流输出端和所述第六相绕组的电流输出端结成另一个公共点。
从上述的技术方案可以看出，本申请公开的一种双三相永磁同步电机，具有定子和转子，定子的槽内绕置有第一套三相绕组和第二套三相绕组。第一套三相绕组的三相绕组对称设置，使得第一套三相绕组的三相(A1、B1和C1)之间互差120°电角度。第二套三相绕组的三相绕组也对称设 置，使得第二套三相绕组的三相(A2、B2和C2)之间互差120°电角度。
第一套三相绕组与第二套三相绕组采用15°绕组连接方式后，使得第一套三相绕组的三相(A1、B1和C1)与第二三相套绕组的对应相(A2、B2和C2)之间分别互差15°电角度。即A1相与A2相之间相差15°电角度，B1相与B2相之间相差15°电角度，C1相与C2相之间相差15°电角度。双三相永磁同步电机采用这种15°绕组连接方式，相绕组自感大，且与相邻相的互感小，当发生短路故障时，瞬时峰值短路电流较小，因此对逆变器的损害风险较小，同时峰值制动转矩也较小。此外，15°绕组方式下，短路故障时三相绕组定子磁动势次谐波含量较低，使得峰值退磁定子磁动势较低，对永磁不可逆退磁影响也较小，进而提高了双三相永磁同步电机的性能。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为本实施例公开的两套绕组各相之间相位差示意图；
图2为本实施例公开的第一套三相绕组的接线展开示意图；
图3为本实施例公开的第二套套组的接线展开示意图；
图4为本实施例公开的另一第一套三相绕组的一部分接线展开示意图；
图5为本实施例公开的另一第一套三相绕组的另一部分接线展开示意图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本申请一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本申请中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本申请保护的范围。
本实施例公开的双三相永磁同步电机，定子的槽内绕置有两套三相绕组。第一套三相绕组包括第一相绕组、第二相绕组和第三相绕组。将第一相绕组、第二相绕组和第三相绕组对称设置，以使第一套三相绕组的三相之间互差120°电角度。第二套三相绕组包括第四相绕组、第五相绕组和第六相绕组。将第四相绕组、第五相绕组和第六相绕组对称设置，以使第二套三相绕组的三相之间互差120°电角度。
参见图1所示，A1相由第一相绕组通入电流时产生，B1相由第二相绕组通入电流时产生，C1相由第三相绕组通入电流时产生；A2相由第四相绕组通入电流时产生，B2相由第五相绕组通入电流时产生，C2相由第六相绕组通入电流时产生。由于第一相绕组、第二相绕组和第三相绕组对称设置，A1相、B1相和C1相之间互差120°电角度。由于第四相绕组、第五相绕组和第六相绕组对称设置，A2相、B2相和C2相之间也互差120°电角度。
第一套三相绕组与第二套三相绕组采用15°绕组连接方式后，使得第一套三相绕组的三相(A1、B1和C1)与第二套三相绕组的对应相(A2、B2和C2)之间分别互差15°电角度。即A1相与A2相之间相差15°电角度，B1相与B2相之间相差15°电角度，C1相与C2相之间相差15°电角度。
双三相永磁同步电机采用15°绕组连接方式，各相绕组自感大，且与相邻相的互感小，当发生短路故障时，瞬时峰值短路电流较小，因此对逆变器的损害风险较小，同时峰值制动转矩也较小。此外，15°绕组方式下， 短路故障时三相绕组定子磁动势次谐波含量较低，使得峰值退磁定子磁动势较低，对永磁不可逆退磁影响也较小。进而提高了双三相永磁同步电机的性能。
本实施例公开的15°绕组连接方式，其定子的槽数可为24的倍数(k倍)，同时转子的磁极数相应地为10(或14)的倍数(k倍)。例如，定子的槽数为24时，转子的磁极数为10或14；定子的槽数为48时，转子的磁极数为20或28，依此类推。
图2为当线圈节距为2，定子槽数为24，转子的磁极数为10(或14)时第一套三相绕组的接线展开示意图。设定子的24个槽，依此为1-24号槽。
第一套三相绕组由的依此设置在环形定子槽内的第一线圈、第二线圈、第三线圈、第四线圈、第五线圈、第六线圈、第七线圈、第八线圈、第九线圈、第十线圈、第十一线圈和第十二线圈构成。
第一套三相绕组的第一相绕组由第一线圈，第二线圈，第七线圈和第八线圈构成。第一线圈的上元件边设置在1号槽的下层，第一线圈的下元件边设置在3号槽的上层；第二线圈的上元件边设置在3号槽的下层，第二线圈的下元件边设置在5号槽的上层；第七线圈的上元件边设置在13号槽的下层，第七线圈的下元件边设置在15号槽的上层；第八线圈的上元件边设置在15号槽的下层，第八线圈的下元件边设置在17号槽上层。第一相绕组的四个线圈的连接方式为第一线圈的上元件边A1+作为第一相绕组的电流输入端，第一线圈的下元件边与第二线圈的下元件边连接，第二线圈的上元件边与第七线圈的下元件边连接，第七线圈的上元件边与第八线圈的上元件边连接，第八线圈的下元件边作为第一相绕组的电流输出端。
第二相绕组由第三线圈、第四线圈、第九线圈和第十线圈构成。第三线圈的上元件边设置在5号槽的下层，第三线圈的下元件边设置在7号槽上层；第四线圈的上元件边设置在7号槽的下层，第四线圈的下元件边设置在9号槽的上层；第九线圈的上元件边设置在17号槽的下层，第九线圈的下元件边设置在19号槽的上层；第十线圈的上元件边设置在19号槽的 下层，第十线圈的下元件边设置在21号槽的上层。第二相绕组的四个线圈的连接方式为第三线圈的上元件边B1-作为第二相绕组的电流输出端，第三线圈的下元件边与第四线圈的下元件边连接，第四线圈的上元件边与第九线圈的下元件边连接，第九线圈的上元件边与第十线圈的上元件边连接，第十线圈的下元件边B1+作为第二相绕组的电流输入端。
第三相绕组由第五线圈、第六线圈、第十一线圈和第十二线圈构成。第五线圈的上元件边设置在9号槽的下层，第五线圈的下元件边设置在11号槽的上层；第六线圈的上元件边设置在11号槽的下层，第六线圈的下元件边设置在13号槽的上层，第十一线圈的上元件边设置在21号槽的下层，第十一线圈的下元件边设置在23号槽上层；第十二线圈的上元件边设置在23号槽的下层，第十二线圈的下元件边设置在1号槽的上层。第三相绕组的四个线圈的连接方式为第五线圈的上元件边C1+作为第三相绕组的电流输入端，第五线圈的下元件边与第六线圈的下元件边连接，第六线圈的上元件边与第十一线圈的下元件边连接，第十一线圈的上元件边与第十二线圈的上元件边连接，第十二线圈的下元件边C1-作为第三相绕组的电流输出端。
图3为当线圈节距为2，定子槽数为24，转子的磁极数为10或14时第二套三相绕组的接线展开示意图。
第二套三相绕组由依此设置在环形定子槽内的第十三线圈、第十四线圈、第十五线圈、第十六线圈、第十七线圈、第十八线圈、第十九线圈、第二十线圈、第二十一线圈、第二十二线圈、第二十三线圈和第二十四线圈构成。
第四相绕组由第十五线圈、第十六线圈、第二十一线圈和第二十二线圈构成。第十五线圈的上元件边设置在6号槽的下层，第十五线圈的下元件边设置在8号槽的上层；第十六线圈的上元件边设置在8号槽的下层，第十六线圈的下元件边设置在10号槽的上层；第二十一线圈的上元件边设置在18号槽的下层，第二十一线圈的下元件边设置在20号槽的上层；第 二十二线圈的上元件边设置在20号槽的下层，第二十二线圈的下元件边设置在22号槽的上层。第四相绕组的四个线圈的连接方式为第十五线圈的上元件边A2+作为第四相绕组的电流输入端，第十五线圈的下元件边与第十六线圈的下元件边连接，第十六线圈的上元件边与第二十一线圈的下元件边连接，第二十一线圈的上元件边与第二十二线圈的上元件边连接，第二十二线圈的下元件边A2-作为第四相绕组的电流输出端。
第五相绕组由第十七线圈、第十八线圈、第二十三线圈和第二十四线圈构成。第十七线圈的上元件边设置在10号槽的下层，第十七线圈的下元件边设置在12号槽的上层；第十八线圈的上元件边设置在12号槽的下层，第十八线圈的下元件边设置在14号槽的上层；第二十三线圈的上元件边设置在22号槽的下层，第二十三线圈的下元件边设置在24号槽的上层；第二十四线圈的上元件边设置在24号槽的下层，第二十四线圈的下元件边设置在2号槽的上层。第五相绕组的四个线圈的连接方式为第十七线圈的上元件边A2-作为第五相绕组的电流输出端，第十七线圈的下元件边与第十八线圈的下元件边连接，第十八线圈的上元件边与第二十三线圈的下元件边连接，第二十三线圈的上元件边与第二十四线圈的上元件边连接，第二十四线圈的下元件边B2+作为第五相绕组的电流输入端。
第六相绕组由第十三线圈、第十四线圈、第十九线圈和第二十线圈构成。第十三线圈的上元件边设置在2号槽的下层，第十三线圈的下元件边设置在4号槽的上层；第十四线圈的上元件边设置在4号槽的下层，第十四线圈的下元件边设置在6号槽的上层；第十九线圈的上元件边设置在14号槽的下层，第十九线圈的下元件边设置在16号槽的上层；第二十线圈的上元件边设置在16号槽的下层，第二十线圈的下元件边设置在18号槽的上层。第六相绕组的四个线圈的连接方式为第十三线圈的上元件边C2-作为第六相绕组的电流输出端，第十三线圈的下元件边与第十四线圈的下元件边连接，第十四线圈的上元件边与第十九线圈的下元件边连接，第十九线圈的上元件边与第二十线圈的下元件边连接。第二十线圈的下元件边 C2+作为第六相绕组的电流输入端。
第一相绕组的电流输入端A1+、第二相绕组的电流输入端B1+和第三相绕组的电流输入端C1+，与一组三相全桥逆变器连接，由该三相全桥逆变器供电。第四相绕组的电流输入端A2+、第五相绕组的电流输入端B2+和第六相绕组的电流输入端C2+，与另一组三相全桥逆变器连接，由该三相全桥逆变器供电。即两套三相绕组可分别采用独立的三相逆变器供电。
第一绕组的电流输出端A1-、第二相绕组的电流输出端B1-、第三相绕组的电流输出端C1-、第四相绕组的电流输出端A2-、第五相绕组的电流输出端B2-和第六相绕组的电流输出端C2-结成一个公共点。或者，第一绕组的电流输出端A1-、第二相绕组的电流输出端B1-和第三相绕组的电流输出端C1-结成一个公共点；第四相绕组的电流输出端A2-、第五相绕组的电流输出端B2-和第六相绕组的电流输出端C2-结成另一个公共点。各个线圈的匝数相等，每个线圈的具体匝数不做限定。
本实施例公开的第一套三相绕组和第二套三相绕组均为三相双层绕组，即线圈个数等于槽数，每个槽内放置上下两个线圈边。且采用叠绕组，即相邻两个串联线圈中，后一个线圈叠加在前一个线圈上。
定子槽数为24，磁极数为10时(磁极对数P为5)，1个槽距相差的电角度为5*360°/24＝75°。因此，采用图2和图3的线圈连接方式后，第一套三相绕组与第二套三相绕组的对应相(A1和A2、B1和B2、以及C1和C2)相差5个槽距，相差的电角度为5*75°＝375°，即相差15°电角度。定子槽数为24，磁极数为14时，磁极对数P为7，相邻两槽之间相差的电角度为7*360°/24＝105°。因此，采用图2和图3的线圈连接方式后，第一套三相绕组与第二套三相绕组的对应相(A1和A2、B1和B2、以及C1和C2)相差5个槽距，相差的电角度为5*105°＝525°，即相差15°电角度。
以定子的槽数为24槽，转子的磁极数为10的表贴式永磁同步电机为例，一套三相绕组瞬时短路故障时，0°绕组连接方式、30°绕组连接方式 以及15°绕组连接方式的电流峰值及其退磁定子磁动势峰值的计算结果分别如下表所示(计算条件为：电机外径90mm,轴长50mm，正常工作铜损160W，每相匝数为24，转速4000转/分)。
绕组连接 瞬时短路电流峰值(A) 峰值退磁(d轴)定子磁动势(p.u.)
0度 338.5 1
30度 341.6 0.91
15度 243.4 0.37
由试验结果可见，双三相永磁同步电机采用15°绕组连接方式，可有效降低瞬时短路电流峰值(约28％的下降)，且峰值退磁定子磁动势可降低约63％。故可显著提高双三相永磁同步电机发生短路故障时的容错性能，降低瞬时短路故障造成的影响。即实现减小三相瞬态短路电流和峰值制动转矩，以及降低永磁体不可逆退磁风险的目的。
图4为当线圈节距为2，定子的槽数为48，转子的磁极数为20或28时，第一套三相绕组的接线展开示意图的一部分，图5为当线圈节距为2，定子的槽数为48，转子的磁极数为20或28时，第一套三相绕组的接线展开示意图的另一部分。
第一套三相绕组包括24个线圈，依此设置在环形定子的槽内形成一圈。前12个线圈与当线圈节距为2，定子的槽数为24，转子的磁极数为10或14时，第一套三相绕组包括的12个线圈的连接方式一致，参见图2和图4所示；后12个线圈也与当线圈节距为2，定子的槽数为24，转子的磁极数为10或14时，第一套三相绕组包括的12个线圈的连接方式一致，参见图2和图5所示。即当线圈节距为2，定子的槽数为48，转子的磁极数为20或28时，与当线圈节距为2，定子的槽数为24，转子的磁极数为10或14时相比，第一套三相绕组包括24个线圈，且分为两个连接方式相同的部分，这两个相同部分之间的连接关系具体为：第一部分(即图4中)的A1-与第二部分(即图5中)的A1+连接构成第一相绕组，第一部分的 B1+与第二部分的B1-连接构成第二相绕组，第一部分的C1-与第二部分的C1+连接构成第三相绕组。同理第二套三相绕组的24个线圈之间的连接关系易知，本实施例不再赘述。
定子槽数为48，磁极数为20时，磁极对数P为10，相邻两槽之间相差的电角度为10*360°/48＝75°。因此，第一套三相绕组采用图4和图5的线圈连接方式，以及第二套三相绕组采用相应的线圈连接后，第一套三相绕组与第二套三相绕组的对应相(A1和A2、B1和B2、以及C1和C2)相差5个槽距，相差的电角度为5*75°＝375°，即相差15°电角度。定子槽数为48，磁极数为28时，磁极对数P为14，相邻两槽之间相差的电角度为14*360°/48＝105°。因此，第一套三相绕组采用图4和图5的线圈连接方式，以及第二套三相绕组采用相应的线圈连接后，第一套三相绕组与第二套三相绕组的对应相(A1和A2、B1和B2、以及C1和C2)相差5个槽距，相差的电角度为5*105°＝525°，即相差15°电角度。
当在定子的槽数为24的N倍，且转子的磁极数为10的N倍或14的N倍时，N为正整数，第一套三相绕组的线圈个数为12*N，分为连接方式相同的N部分，每一部分都与当定子的槽数为24时的第一套三相绕组连接方式相同，这N部分之间串联。例如，N＝3时，第一套三相绕组的线圈个数为N＝1时的3倍，且分为连接方式相同的3部分，第一部分与第二部分串联，第二部分与第三部分串联形成N＝3时的第一套三相绕组。第二套三相绕组的情况类似，不再赘述。具体的，已经列举出N＝2时，第一套三相绕组的连接关系，参见图4、图5以及图4和图5的文字介绍部分。因此，本领域技术人员，根据上述公开内容可以推理出其他N等于其他数值时，第一套三相绕组和第二套三相绕组的具体连接方式，本实施例不再赘述。
因此，当定子槽数为24*N，磁极数为10*N时，磁极对数P为5*N，相邻两槽之间相差的电角度为5*N*360°/(24*N)＝75°。因此，第一套三相绕组，以及第二套三相绕组采用相应的线圈连接后，第一套三相绕组 与第二套三相绕组的对应相(A1和A2、B1和B2、以及C1和C2)相差5个槽距，相差的电角度为5*75°＝375°，即相差15°电角度。定子槽数为24*N，磁极数为14*N时，磁极对数P为7*N，相邻两槽之间相差的电角度为7*N*360°/(24*N)＝105°。因此，第一套三相绕组以及第二套三相绕组采用相应的线圈连接后，第一套三相绕组与第二套三相绕组的对应相(A1和A2、B1和B2、以及C1和C2)相差5个槽距，相差的电角度为5*105°＝525°，即相差15°电角度。
在本文中，诸如第一和第二等之类的关系术语仅仅用来将一个实体与另一个实体区分开来，而不一定要求或者暗示这些实体之间存在任何这种实际的关系或者顺序。而且，术语“包括”、“包含”或者其任何其他变体意在涵盖非排他性的包含，从而使得包括一系列要素设备不仅包括那些要素，而且还包括没有明确列出的其他要素，或者是还包括为这种设备所固有的要素。在没有更多限制的情况下，由语句“包括一个……”限定的要素，并不排除在包括所述要素的设备中还存在另外的相同要素。
对所公开的实施例的上述说明，使本领域专业技术人员能够实现或使用本申请。对这些实施例的多种修改对本领域的专业技术人员来说将是显而易见的，本文中所定义的一般原理可以在不脱离本申请的精神或范围的情况下，在其它实施例中实现。因此，本申请将不会被限制于本文所示的这些实施例，而是要符合与本文所公开的原理和新颖特点相一致的最宽的范围。

Claims (6)

  1. 一种双三相永磁同步电机，具有定子和转子，其特征在于，所述定子的槽内绕置有第一套三相绕组和第二套三相绕组，其中，
    所述第一套三相绕组包括第一相绕组、第二相绕组和第三相绕组，且所述第一相绕组、所述第二相绕组和所述第三相绕组对称设置；
    所述第二套三相绕组包括第四相绕组、第五相绕组和第六相绕组，所述第四相绕组、第五相绕组和第六相绕组对称设置；
    所述第一套三相绕组和所述第二套三相绕组之间采用15°绕组连接方式，以使所述第一套三相绕组的三相与所述第二套三相绕组的对应相之间分别相差15°电角度。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的电机，其特征在于，所述第一套三相绕组和所述第二套三相绕组均为：三相双层绕组。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述电机，其特征在于，所述三相双层绕组的绕制型式为：叠绕式。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的电机，其特征在于，所述定子的槽数为24*N，所述转子的磁极数为10*N或14*N，所述N为正整数。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的电机，其特征在于，当每个线圈节距为2，每个线圈匝数为M，所述M为正整数时，所述第一套三相绕组和所述第二套三相绕组之间采用15°绕组连接方式具体为：
    所述第一套三相绕组的三相与所述第二套三相绕组的对应相之间分别相差5个槽距。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的电机，其特征在于，当所述定子包括24个槽，所述24个槽依此编号，所述转子包括10个或14个磁极时，所述第一套三相绕组的三相与所述第二套三相绕组的对应相之间分别相差5个槽距具体为：
    所述第一套三相绕组的所述第一相绕组由第一线圈、第二线圈、第七 线圈和第八线圈构成；
    所述第一线圈的上元件边设置在1号槽的下层，下元件边设置在3号槽的上层；所述第二线圈的上元件边设置在3号槽的下层，下元件边设置在5号槽的上层；所述第七线圈的上元件边设置在13号槽的下层，下元件边设置在15号槽的上层；所述第八线圈的上元件边设置在15号槽的下层，下元件边设置在17号槽上层；
    所述第一线圈的上元件边为所述第一相绕组的电流输入端，所述第一线圈的下元件边与所述第二线圈的下元件边连接，所述第二线圈的上元件边与所述第七线圈的下元件边连接，所述第七线圈的上元件边与所述第八线圈的上元件边连接，所述第八线圈的下元件边为所述第一相绕组A1的电流输出端；
    所述第一套三相绕组的所述第二相绕组由第三线圈、第四线圈、第九线圈和第十线圈构成；
    所述第三线圈的的上元件边设置在5号槽的下层，下元件边设置在7号槽上层；所述第四线圈的上元件边设置在7号槽的下层，下元件边设置在9号槽的上层；所述第九线圈的上元件边设置在17号槽的下层，下元件边设置在19号槽的上层；所述第十线圈的上元件边设置在19号槽的下层，下元件边设置在21号槽的上层；
    所述第三线圈的上元件边为所述第二相绕组的电流输出端，所述第三线圈的下元件边与所述第四线圈的下元件边连接，所述第四线圈的上元件边与所述第九线圈的下元件边连接，所述第九线圈的上元件边与所述第十线圈的上元件边连接，所述第十线圈的下元件边为所述第二相绕组的电流输入端；
    所述第一套三相绕组的第三相绕组由第五线圈、第六线圈、第十一线圈和第十二线圈构成；
    所述第五线圈的上元件边设置在9号槽的下层，下元件边设置在11号槽的上层；所述第六线圈设置的上元件边在11号槽的下层，下元件边设 置在13号槽的上层；所述第十一线圈的上元件边设置在21号槽的下层，下元件边在23号槽上层；所述第十二线圈的上元件边设置在23号槽的下层，下元件边设置在1号槽的上层；
    所述第五线圈的上元件边为所述第三相绕组的电流输入端，所述第五线圈的下元件边与所述第六线圈的下元件边连接，所述第六线圈的上元件边与所述第十一线圈的下元件边连接，所述第十一线圈的上元件边与所述第十二线圈的上元件边连接，所述第十二线圈的下元件边为所述第三相绕组的电流输出端；
    所述第二套三相绕组的所述第四相绕组由第十五线圈、第十六线圈、第二十一线圈和第二十二线圈构成；
    所述第十五线圈的上元件边设置在6号槽的下层，下元件边设置在8号槽的上层；所述第十六线圈的上元件边设置在8号槽的下层，下元件边设置在10号槽的上层；所述第二十一线圈的上元件边设置在18号槽的下层，下元件边设置在20号槽的上层；所述第二十二线圈的上元件边设置在20号槽的下层，下元件边设置在22号槽的上层；
    所述第十五线圈的上元件边为所述第四相绕组的电流输入端，所述第十五线圈的下元件边与所述第十六线圈的下元件边连接，所述第十六线圈的上元件边与所述第二十一线圈的下元件边连接，所述第二十一线圈的上元件边与所述第二十二线圈的上元件边连接，所述第二十二线圈的下元件边为所述第四相绕组的电流输出端；
    所述第二套三相绕组的所述第五相绕组由第十七线圈、第十八线圈、第二十三线圈和第二十四线圈构成；
    所述第十七线圈的上元件边设置在10号槽的下层，下元件边设置在12号槽的上层；所述第十八线圈的上元件边设置在12号槽的下层，下元件边设置在14号槽的上层；所述第二十三线圈的上元件边设置在22号槽的下层，下元件边设置在24号槽的上层；所述第二十四线圈的上元件边设置在24号槽的下层，下元件边设置在2号槽的上层；
    所述第十七线圈的上元件边为所述第五相绕组的电流输出端，所述第十七线圈的下元件边与所述第十八线圈的下元件边连接，所述第十八线圈的上元件边与所述第二十三线圈的下元件边连接，所述第二十三线圈的上元件边与所述第二十四线圈的上元件边连接，所述第二十四线圈的下元件边为所述第五相绕组的电流输入端；
    所述第二套三相绕组的所述第六相绕组由第十三线圈、第十四线圈、第十九线圈和第二十线圈构成；
    所述第十三线圈的上元件边设置在2号槽的下层，下元件边设置在4号槽的上层；所述第十四线圈的上元件边设置在4号槽的下层，下元件边设置在6号槽的上层；所述第十九线圈的上元件边设置在14号槽的下层，下元件边设置在16号槽的上层；所述第二十线圈的上元件边设置在16号槽的下层，下元件边设置在18号槽的上层；
    所述第十三线圈的上元件边为所述第六相绕组的电流输出端，所说第十三线圈的下元件边与所述第十四线圈的下元件边连接，所述第十四线圈的上元件边与所述第十九线圈的下元件边连接，所述第十九线圈的上元件边与所述第二十线圈的下元件边连接，所述第二十线圈的下元件边为第六相绕组的电流输入端；
    所述第一绕组的电流输出端、所述第二相绕组的电流输出端、所述第三相绕组的电流输出端、所述第四相绕组的电流输出端、所述第五相绕组的电流输出端和所述第六相绕组的电流输出端结成一个公共点；或者，所述第一绕组的电流输出端、所述第二相绕组的电流输出端和所述第三相绕组的电流输出端结成一个公共点，所述第四相绕组的电流输出端、所述第五相绕组的电流输出端和所述第六相绕组的电流输出端结成另一个公共点。
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