WO2018030501A1 - 薄鋼板およびその製造方法 - Google Patents
薄鋼板およびその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2018030501A1 WO2018030501A1 PCT/JP2017/029035 JP2017029035W WO2018030501A1 WO 2018030501 A1 WO2018030501 A1 WO 2018030501A1 JP 2017029035 W JP2017029035 W JP 2017029035W WO 2018030501 A1 WO2018030501 A1 WO 2018030501A1
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- Prior art keywords
- less
- seconds
- thin steel
- steel sheet
- tempered martensite
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- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 111
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 111
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 229910000734 martensite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 83
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 99
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 claims description 46
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 39
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims description 33
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 28
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 23
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000005097 cold rolling Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 20
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000005098 hot rolling Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052790 beryllium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052797 bismuth Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052745 lead Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- -1 iron carbides Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 3
- 150000001247 metal acetylides Chemical class 0.000 description 24
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 22
- 229910001566 austenite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 19
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 16
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 7
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910001563 bainite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 6
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 229910001335 Galvanized steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000008397 galvanized steel Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000010960 cold rolled steel Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000009864 tensile test Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005554 pickling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005204 segregation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000035882 stress Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009713 electroplating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphide Chemical compound [S-2] UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052785 arsenic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001567 cementite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009749 continuous casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010191 image analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001771 impaired effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001562 pearlite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001376 precipitating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003303 reheating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009628 steelmaking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009849 vacuum degassing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013585 weight reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/46—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for sheet metals
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
- C21D8/04—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips to produce plates or strips for deep-drawing
- C21D8/0447—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips to produce plates or strips for deep-drawing characterised by the heat treatment
- C21D8/0463—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips to produce plates or strips for deep-drawing characterised by the heat treatment following hot rolling
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K11/00—Resistance welding; Severing by resistance heating
- B23K11/10—Spot welding; Stitch welding
- B23K11/11—Spot welding
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K11/00—Resistance welding; Severing by resistance heating
- B23K11/16—Resistance welding; Severing by resistance heating taking account of the properties of the material to be welded
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K31/00—Processes relevant to this subclass, specially adapted for particular articles or purposes, but not covered by only one of the preceding main groups
- B23K31/12—Processes relevant to this subclass, specially adapted for particular articles or purposes, but not covered by only one of the preceding main groups relating to investigating the properties, e.g. the weldability, of materials
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C21D6/001—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Ni
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
- C21D6/002—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Cr
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- C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
- C21D6/004—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Cr and Ni
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- C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
- C21D6/005—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Mn
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- C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
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- C21D8/0205—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips of ferrous alloys
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- C21D8/0221—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the working steps
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- C21D8/0221—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the working steps
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- C21D8/0247—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the heat treatment
- C21D8/0263—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the heat treatment following hot rolling
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- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/001—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing N
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- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/002—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing In, Mg, or other elements not provided for in one single group C22C38/001 - C22C38/60
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- C22C38/58—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with more than 1.5% by weight of manganese
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/60—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing lead, selenium, tellurium, or antimony, or more than 0.04% by weight of sulfur
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
- C23C2/02—Pretreatment of the material to be coated, e.g. for coating on selected surface areas
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
- C23C2/02—Pretreatment of the material to be coated, e.g. for coating on selected surface areas
- C23C2/022—Pretreatment of the material to be coated, e.g. for coating on selected surface areas by heating
- C23C2/0224—Two or more thermal pretreatments
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
- C23C2/04—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor characterised by the coating material
- C23C2/06—Zinc or cadmium or alloys based thereon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
- C23C2/26—After-treatment
- C23C2/28—Thermal after-treatment, e.g. treatment in oil bath
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- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
- C23C2/26—After-treatment
- C23C2/28—Thermal after-treatment, e.g. treatment in oil bath
- C23C2/29—Cooling or quenching
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
- C23C2/34—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the material to be treated
- C23C2/36—Elongated material
- C23C2/40—Plates; Strips
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
- B23K2103/02—Iron or ferrous alloys
- B23K2103/04—Steel or steel alloys
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
- C21D2211/004—Dispersions; Precipitations
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
- C21D2211/005—Ferrite
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
- C21D2211/008—Martensite
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
- C21D8/04—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips to produce plates or strips for deep-drawing
- C21D8/0405—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips to produce plates or strips for deep-drawing of ferrous alloys
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
- C21D8/04—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips to produce plates or strips for deep-drawing
- C21D8/0421—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips to produce plates or strips for deep-drawing characterised by the working steps
- C21D8/0426—Hot rolling
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
- C21D8/04—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips to produce plates or strips for deep-drawing
- C21D8/0421—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips to produce plates or strips for deep-drawing characterised by the working steps
- C21D8/0436—Cold rolling
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C18/00—Alloys based on zinc
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a thin steel plate and a method for producing the same.
- Patent Document 1 in mass%, C: 0.05 to 0.15%, Si: 0.01 to 1.00%, Mn: 1.5 to 4.0%, P: 0.100%
- S 0.02% or less
- Al 0.01 to 0.50%
- Cr 0.010 to 2.000%
- Nb 0.005 to 0.100%
- Ti 0.005 to 0 100%
- B 0.0005 to 0.0050%
- Si, Mn, Cr and B are contained within the specified range
- ferrite in area ratio 10% or less
- Martensite the entire structure of massive martensite adjacent to bainite only, with a metal structure (steel structure) containing less than 2% of retained austenite determined by X-ray diffraction method including 60-98%
- the proportion of the surface is 10% or less and 100 ⁇ m from the surface.
- Patent Document 2 by mass%, C: 0.05 to 0.13%, Si: 0.05 to 2.0%, Mn: 1.5 to 4.0%, P: 0.05% or less, S: 0.005% or less, Al: 0.01 to 0.1%, Cr: 0.05 to 1.0%, Nb: 0.010 to 0.070%, Ti: 0.005 to 0.040 And N: 0.0005 to 0.0065%, a spot having a tensile strength of 980 MPa or more by precipitating 70% or more of Ti in the steel and leaving Nb in a solid solution state of 15% or more. It is said that a cold-rolled steel sheet having excellent weldability can be obtained.
- Patent Document 3 by mass%, C: 0.07 to 0.15%, Si: 1.1 to 1.6%, Mn: 2.0 to 2.8%, P: more than 0%, 0.015 %: S: more than 0% and 0.005% or less, Al: 0.015 to 0.06%, Ti: 0.010 to 0.03%, and B: 0.0010 to 0.004%
- the area ratio of the following metal structure at 1/4 position of the plate thickness of the steel sheet is tempered martensite: 10 area% or more and less than 30 area%, bainite: more than 70 area%, total of tempered martensite and bainite: 90 area%
- ductility and stretch flange having a tensile strength of 980 MPa or more and a 0.2% proof stress of less than 700 MPa satisfying ferrite: 0 area% to 5 area% and residual austenite: 0 area% to 4 area%
- Cold-rolled steel with excellent weldability and weldability Plate, galvanized steel sheet, and galvannealed steel sheet is to be
- the Nb-based crystallized product is dissolved by heating at (Ts-50) ° C. or higher in the slab reheating step before hot rolling, but the annealing temperature is 900. Below 0 ° C., it is a temperature range where Nb-based carbides inevitably precipitate, and it is difficult to stably leave solid Nb at 15%.
- the present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a thin steel sheet having a tensile strength of 900 MPa or more and good weldability, and a method for producing the same.
- the present inventors diligently studied the requirements for a thin steel plate having a tensile strength of 900 MPa and good weldability.
- the sheet thickness of the thin steel plate that is the subject of this case is 0.4 mm or more and 3.2 mm or less.
- spot welding an event that a crack occurred after welding occurred depending on conditions.
- As a result of earnest investigation of the welding conditions and steel structure of the steel sheet where cracking occurred when welding galvanized steel sheets and cold-rolled steel sheets, or when welding galvanized steel sheets to each other, promote cracking by grain boundary erosion of zinc.
- the grain boundary erosion of zinc is effective to control the element concentration on the grain boundary after suppressing the hardness difference from the molten metal part, and cracks are also caused by coarse precipitates existing on the grain boundary. It turned out to be encouraged.
- the present invention has been completed based on the above findings, and the gist thereof is as follows.
- the component composition further includes, by mass%, V: 0.001% to 1%, Ti: 0.001% to 0.3%, Nb: 0.001% to 0.3%
- the component composition further includes, in mass%, Cr: 0.001% to 1.0%, Mo: 0.001% to 1.0%, Ni: 0.001% to 1.0% % Or less, B: 0.0001% or more and 0.0050% or less, Sb: 0.001% or more and 0.050% or less, or one or more of them, and the steel structure is tempered martensite grains.
- the component composition further contains, in mass%, one or more of REM, Sn, Mg, and Ca in a total of 0.0001% to 0.1%. 3].
- the composition of the plating layer is Fe: 20.0% or less, Al: 0.001% or more and 3.5% or less, and Pb, Sb, Si, Sn, Mg, Mn, Ni, Cr, Co in mass%.
- [8] A method for producing a thin steel sheet according to any one of [1] to [4], wherein the steel material is heated to 1150 ° C. or higher and 1350 ° C. or lower, and hot rolling comprising rough rolling and finish rolling is performed.
- the finish rolling finish temperature is set to 820 ° C. or higher, coiled at 350 ° C. or higher and 680 ° C. or lower, cold-rolled, heated after cold rolling, and retained at 840 ° C. or higher for 30 seconds or longer, and then cooling started.
- the average cooling rate from the temperature to the Ms point is cooled to 200 ° C / s or more and 100 ° C or less, and then heated again, and after being kept at 840 ° C or more for 30 seconds or more, from the cooling start temperature (Ms point-100)
- the average cooling rate to 20 ° C is 20 ° C / s or more (Ms point – 100 ° C) or less, and after cooling, it is heated or cooled as necessary, and it stays at 200 ° C or more and 400 ° C or less for 20 seconds or more and 1800 seconds or less.
- finish rolling finish temperature shall be 820 degreeC or more, it winds up at 350 degreeC or more and 680 degrees C or less, performs cold rolling, heats after cold rolling, and retains at 840 degreeC or more for 30 seconds or more, then 840 degreeC
- the average cooling rate from the above cooling start temperature to 200 ° C is cooled to 100 ° C or less at 200 ° C / s or higher, and then heated again, and retained at 840 ° C or higher for 10 seconds to 150 seconds, and then 840 ° C or higher.
- the average cooling rate from the cooling start temperature to 260 ° C. is cooled to 20 ° C./s or higher and 260 ° C. or lower, retained at 200 ° C. or higher and 400 ° C. or lower for 20 seconds or longer and 150 seconds or shorter, and then immersed in a plating bath.
- Method of manufacturing a thin steel sheet performing alloying treatment performed or the plating process performs Rimekki process.
- the thin steel sheet of the present invention has a tensile strength (TS): high strength of 900 MPa or more and excellent weldability. If the thin steel plate of the present invention is applied to automobile parts, further weight reduction of the automobile parts can be realized.
- TS tensile strength
- the composition of the thin steel sheet of the present invention is, by mass, C: 0.07% to 0.20%, Si: 0.60% to 1.65%, Mn: 1.8% to 3.5 %: P: 0.05% or less, S: 0.005% or less, Al: 0.08% or less, N: 0.0060% or less, and the balance consists of Fe and inevitable impurities.
- the above component composition is further one type of mass%, V: 0.001% to 1%, Ti: 0.001% to 0.3%, Nb: 0.001% to 0.3%. Or you may contain 2 or more types.
- the above component composition is further in mass%, Cr: 0.001% to 1.0%, Mo: 0.001% to 1.0%, Ni: 0.001% to 1.0%
- B 0.0001% to 0.0050%
- Sb 0.001% to 0.050%
- % representing the content of a component means “mass%”.
- C 0.07% or more and 0.20% or less C is an element related to the hardness of tempered martensite and effective in increasing the strength of the steel sheet.
- Tensile strength In order to obtain 900 MPa or more, it is necessary to contain at least C content of 0.07% or more. On the other hand, if the C content exceeds 0.20%, the hardness of the molten metal part in spot welding is excessively increased, and the hardness difference from the heat affected zone (HAZ part) is generated, thereby reducing the spot weldability. . Further, the spot weldability is also deteriorated from the viewpoint of increasing the particle size of the iron carbide precipitated on the grain boundaries of the tempered martensite.
- the C content range is set to 0.07% or more and 0.20% or less.
- the preferable C content for the lower limit is 0.09% or more. More preferably, it is 0.10% or more, More preferably, it is 0.11% or more.
- the preferable C content for the upper limit is 0.19% or less. More preferably, it is 0.18% or less, More preferably, it is 0.16% or less.
- Si 0.60% or more and 1.65% or less Si exists in the grain boundary, thereby reducing the wettability of the grain boundary, and suppressing the occurrence of cracks by suppressing the grain boundary erosion of zinc in spot welding. It is an element. In order to obtain this effect, it is necessary to contain at least 0.60% Si. On the other hand, if the Si content exceeds 1.65%, adverse effects on chemical conversion properties and plating properties become obvious, making it difficult to apply as automotive parts. From the above, the Si content range was set to 0.60% or more and 1.65% or less.
- a preferable Si content for the lower limit is 0.70% or more. More preferably, it is 0.80% or more, More preferably, it is 0.90% or more.
- a preferable Si content for the upper limit is 1.60% or less. More preferably, it is 1.55% or less, More preferably, it is 1.50% or less.
- Mn 1.8% or more and 3.5% or less
- Mn is an element having an effect of suppressing grain boundary immersion in spot welding by being present on the grain boundary of tempered martensite. In order to obtain this effect, the Mn content needs to be 1.8% or more. On the other hand, when the Mn content exceeds 3.5%, chemical conversion property and plating property are deteriorated. Therefore, the Mn content is set to 1.8% or more and 3.5% or less.
- a preferable Mn content for the lower limit is 1.9% or more. More preferably, it is 2.1% or more, More preferably, it is 2.3% or more.
- a preferable Mn content for the upper limit is 3.2% or less. More preferably, it is 3.0% or less, More preferably, it is 2.9% or less.
- P 0.05% or less
- P is an element that generates low-temperature brittleness, and thus is an element that generates cracks during cooling during welding. Therefore, from the viewpoint of weldability, it is preferable to reduce the P content as much as possible.
- the P content can be allowed to be 0.05%. Preferably it is 0.03% or less. Although it is desirable to reduce the P content as much as possible, no addition may be possible, but 0.002% may be inevitably mixed in production.
- S 0.005% or less S forms a coarse sulfide in the steel, which extends during hot rolling and becomes wedge-shaped inclusions, which adversely affects weldability. Therefore, it is preferable to reduce the S content as much as possible. In the present invention, up to 0.005% is acceptable, so the upper limit of S content is set to 0.005%. Preferably, it is 0.003% or less. Although it is desirable to reduce the S content as much as possible, no addition may be possible, but 0.0002% may inevitably be mixed in production.
- the Al content is preferably 0.02% or more. More preferably, it is 0.03% or more.
- Al forms a coarse oxide that deteriorates weldability. Therefore, the upper limit of the Al content is set to 0.08%. Preferably it is 0.07% or less. More preferably, it is 0.06% or less, More preferably, it is 0.05% or less.
- N is a harmful element that deteriorates normal temperature aging and causes unexpected cracks, or causes microvoid formation during spot welding and deteriorates weldability. Therefore, it is desirable to reduce the N content as much as possible, but in the present invention, up to 0.0060% is acceptable. Preferably it is 0.0050% or less. More preferably, it is 0.0050% or less, More preferably, it is 0.0040% or less. Although it is desirable to reduce the N content as much as possible, no addition may be possible, but 0.0005% may be inevitably mixed in production.
- V 0.001% or more and 1% or less
- Ti 0.001% or more and 0.3% or less
- Nb One or more kinds of 0.001% or more and 0.3% or less
- V, Ti and Nb are C It is an element that contributes to increasing the strength of steel sheets by forming fine carbides by combining with. On the other hand, since it will precipitate as a coarse carbide when it contains excessively, weldability will be deteriorated.
- V 0.001% to 1%
- Ti 0.001% to 0.3%
- Nb 0.001% to 0.3%
- a preferable V content for the lower limit is 0.005% or more. More preferably, it is 0.050% or more, More preferably, it is 0.100% or more.
- a preferable V content for the upper limit is 0.6% or less. More preferably, it is 0.5% or less, More preferably, it is 0.4% or less.
- the preferable Ti content for the lower limit is 0.005% or more. More preferably, it is 0.010% or more, More preferably, it is 0.020% or more.
- a preferable Ti content for the upper limit is 0.2% or less. More preferably, it is 0.15% or less, More preferably, it is 0.12% or less.
- a preferable Nb content for the lower limit is 0.005% or more. More preferably, it is 0.010% or more, More preferably, it is 0.020% or more.
- a preferable Nb content for the upper limit is 0.15% or less. More preferably, it is 0.12% or less, More preferably, it is 0.08% or less.
- Cr 0.001% to 1.0%
- Mo 0.001% to 1.0%
- Ni 0.001% to 1.0%
- B 0.0001% It was made 0.0050% or less
- Sb 0.001% or more and 0.050% or less.
- a preferable Cr content for the lower limit is 0.010% or more. More preferably, it is 0.050% or more, More preferably, it is 0.100% or more.
- a preferable Cr content for the upper limit is 0.8% or less. More preferably, it is 0.7% or less, More preferably, it is 0.6% or less.
- a preferable Mo content for the lower limit is 0.010% or more.
- a preferable Mo content for the upper limit is 0.6% or less. More preferably, it is 0.5% or less, More preferably, it is 0.4% or less.
- a preferable Ni content for the lower limit is 0.010% or more. More preferably, it is 0.020% or more, More preferably, it is 0.030% or more.
- a preferable Ni content for the upper limit is 0.5% or less. More preferably, it is 0.4% or less, More preferably, it is 0.3% or less.
- a preferable B content for the lower limit is 0.0003% or more. More preferably, it is 0.0007% or more, More preferably, it is 0.0010% or more.
- a preferable B content for the upper limit is 0.0030% or less. More preferably, it is 0.0025% or less, More preferably, it is 0.0020% or less.
- the preferred Sb content for the lower limit is 0.005% or more. More preferably, it is 0.008% or more, More preferably, it is 0.010% or more.
- a preferable Sb content for the upper limit is 0.040% or less. More preferably, it is 0.030% or less, More preferably, it is 0.020% or less.
- any one or two or more of REM, Sn, Mg, and Ca is made 0.0001% or more and 0.1% or less in total.
- any 1 type or 2 types or more of REM, Sn, Mg, Ca is 0.0005% or more in total. More preferably, it is 0.0010% or more, More preferably, it is 0.0020% or more.
- about an upper limit, Preferably, any 1 type or 2 types or more of REM, Sn, Mg, Ca is 0.05% or less in total. More preferably, it is 0.03% or less, More preferably, it is 0.02% or less.
- Components other than the above components are Fe and inevitable impurities.
- the said arbitrary component when included below a lower limit, the arbitrary element shall be contained as an unavoidable impurity.
- the steel structure of the thin steel sheet of the present invention has a ferrite area ratio of 30% or less (including 0%), an area ratio of tempered martensite of 70% or more (including 100%), and the remaining structure of ferrite and sintered
- the total area ratio of the tissues other than the return martensite is 10% or less (including 0%).
- the average particle diameter of tempered martensite is 5 ⁇ m or less
- the average particle diameter of iron-based carbides deposited on the grain boundaries of tempered martensite is 100 nm or less
- the sum of Si and Mn on the grain boundaries of tempered martensite Is 5 atomic% or more in atomic concentration. The unit of atomic concentration may be simply expressed as “%”.
- Ferrite area ratio is 30% or less (including 0%)
- the element concentration on the grain boundary is lowered by the generation temperature of ferrite, and when the generation amount of ferrite is large, it is difficult to stably improve spot weldability.
- a hard phase such as tempered martensite is indispensable.
- ferrite and tempered martensite are formed in the vicinity of the HAZ part in spot welding. Stress concentration occurs at the interface, and this causes cracking. Therefore, the ferrite area ratio is set to 30% or less. Preferably it is 25% or less.
- the ferrite area ratio may be 0%. However, in many cases, ferrite is included, and the ferrite area ratio in that case is 1% or more or 3% or more.
- Tempered martensite is a structure in which a carbide of 0.3 ⁇ m or less is precipitated inside a microstructure having a lath structure.
- the tempered martensite is less tempered by heat than the martensite that has not been tempered, so that the HAZ portion is less softened. Therefore, in the present invention, tempered martensite was selected as the main steel structure.
- the tempered martensite needs to be 70% or more. Preferably, it is 75% or more. More preferably, it is 77% or more, More preferably, it is 80% or more.
- the area ratio of tempered martensite may be 100%, but in many cases, other than tempered martensite is included. In that case, the upper limit of the area ratio of tempered martensite is 98% or less or 96% or less.
- Total area ratio of structures other than ferrite and tempered martensite is 10% or less (including 0%)
- Examples of the structure other than ferrite and tempered martensite include bainite, as-quenched martensite, retained austenite, and pearlite. Since these structures reduce strength or deteriorate weldability, it is desirable to reduce them as much as possible.
- the total area ratio of the structure other than ferrite and tempered martensite can be tolerated up to 10%. Preferably it is 7% or less, More preferably, it is 5% or less, More preferably, it is 4% or less.
- Average grain size of tempered martensite is 5 ⁇ m or less
- Mainly grain boundaries of tempered martensite are eroded by zinc during spot welding. Therefore, if the grain interface area of tempered martensite is small, that is, if the tempered martensite is coarse, the surface energy at the time of occurrence of cracking becomes small, so that cracking tends to occur.
- the average particle size of tempered martensite needs to be 5 ⁇ m or less. .
- it is 4 ⁇ m or less. More preferably, it is 3.5 micrometers or less, More preferably, it is 3.0 micrometers or less.
- the lower limit of the average particle size is not particularly limited and is preferably as small as possible, but in the steel of the present invention, an average particle size of 1 ⁇ m or more is usually obtained.
- the average particle size of iron-based carbides precipitated on the grain boundaries of tempered martensite is 100 nm or less. Since grain boundaries are also preferred sites for iron-based carbide precipitation, if coarse iron-based carbides exist, Stress concentration occurs at the interface, causing cracking during spot welding. If the carbide size (average particle diameter of carbide) is 100 nm or less, the weldability is not adversely affected. Preferably, it is 80 nm or less. More preferably, it is 70 nm or less, More preferably, it is 65 nm or less. In the present invention, the lower limit of the average particle diameter is not limited, but iron-based carbides having an average particle diameter of 10 nm or more often precipitate.
- the iron-based carbide means carbides such as ⁇ carbide, ⁇ carbide, and ⁇ carbide.
- the average particle diameter of the carbide containing V, Ti, or Nb is 20 nm or less.
- V, Ti, or Nb is included as a selective element (arbitrary element) or one or more, V, Ti, or more than the iron-based carbide described above. Since carbides containing Nb have high hardness, when carbides containing V, Ti, or Nb are precipitated at the grain boundaries, they have an adverse effect on spot weldability like iron-based carbides. In the present invention, when these elements are contained, it is necessary to adjust not only the iron-based carbides but also the average particle diameter of the carbides containing V, Ti, or Nb.
- the average particle diameter of the carbide containing V, Ti or Nb is acceptable if it is 20 nm or less. Preferably, it is 15 nm or less. More preferably, it is 13 nm or less. The lower limit is not particularly limited, but the average particle diameter is often 0.8 nm or more.
- the total of Si and Mn on the grain boundaries of tempered martensite is 5% or more in atomic concentration. Cracking due to zinc grain boundary erosion during spot welding is improved if grain boundary erosion is prevented. For this purpose, it is effective to reduce the wettability of the grain boundaries. In order to obtain this effect, the total of Si and Mn on the grain boundary of tempered martensite needs to be 5% or more in terms of atomic concentration. Preferably it is 7% or more. More preferably, it is 8% or more. The upper limit is not particularly limited, but the upper limit is substantially 25%. The total atomic concentration is often 15% or less.
- the total of Cr, Mo, Ni, B, and Sb on the grain boundary of tempered martensite is 5% or more in atomic concentration.
- One or more of Cr, Mo, Ni, B, or Sb as an optional element (optional element) In order to further improve the spot weldability, the total of Cr, Mo, Ni, B and Sb on the grain boundary of tempered martensite needs to be 5% or more in terms of atomic concentration.
- Cr and Ni are effective elements for reducing the wettability of grain boundaries and preventing the grain boundary erosion of zinc.
- Mo, B, and Sb have the effect of increasing the surface energy at the time of crack occurrence and suppressing the crack occurrence.
- the total of Cr, Mo, Ni, B and Sb is 7% or more in terms of atomic concentration. More preferably, it is 8% or more.
- the upper limit is not particularly limited, but the upper limit is substantially 35%.
- the total atomic concentration is often 20% or less.
- the thin steel plate of the present invention is a thin steel plate having a plating layer
- the type of the plating layer is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include a hot-dip plating layer and an electroplating layer.
- the composition of the plating layer is not particularly limited as long as it is a general composition.
- the plating layer contains, by mass%, Fe: 20.0% or less, Al: 0.001% or more and 3.5% or less, and further Pb, Sb, Si, Sn, Mg, Mn, Ni, One or two or more selected from Cr, Co, Ca, Cu, Li, Ti, Be, Bi, and REM are contained in a total of 0 to 3.5%, with the balance being Zn and inevitable impurities.
- the plating layer may be an alloyed plating layer. In the case of an alloyed plating layer, the Fe content in the plating layer is usually 5.0% or more and 20% or less.
- the tensile strength is 900 MPa or more. Preferably it is 980 MPa or more. In the present invention, the tensile strength is usually 1300 MPa or less.
- the elongation of the thin steel sheet of the present invention is usually 9% or more, preferably 11% or more.
- the upper limit is about 25% or less or 20% or less.
- the yield strength is 600 MPa or more, preferably 700 MPa or more. About an upper limit, it is 1100 Mpa or less normally.
- the manufacturing method of the thin steel plate of this invention is demonstrated.
- the manufacturing conditions are slightly different between a method for manufacturing a thin steel plate having no plating layer and a method for manufacturing a thin steel plate having a plating layer. This is because the range of acceptable manufacturing conditions varies slightly depending on whether or not plating is performed.
- the manufacturing method of the thin steel plate which does not have a plating layer, and the manufacturing method of the thin steel plate which has a plating layer are demonstrated in order.
- the manufacturing method of the thin steel plate (thin steel plate which does not have a plating layer) of this invention heats the steel raw material which has said component composition at 1150 degreeC or more and 1350 degrees C or less, and performs hot rolling consisting of rough rolling and finish rolling.
- the finish rolling end temperature is set to 820 ° C. or higher, and winding is performed at 350 ° C. or higher and 680 ° C. or lower (hot rolling step).
- cold rolling is performed (cold rolling process).
- heating is performed and the sample is retained at 840 ° C. or more for 30 seconds or more, and then the average cooling rate from the cooling start temperature to the Ms point is 200 ° C./s or more to 100 ° C.
- the Ms point means the martensitic transformation start temperature.
- the steel material having the above component composition is heated at 1150 ° C. or higher and 1350 ° C. or lower, and in performing hot rolling consisting of rough rolling and finish rolling, the finish rolling finish temperature is set to 820 ° C. or higher, This is a step of winding at 350 ° C. or higher and 680 ° C. or lower.
- the melting method for producing the steel material is not particularly limited, and a known melting method such as a converter or an electric furnace can be employed. Further, secondary refining may be performed in a vacuum degassing furnace. Then, it is preferable to use a slab (steel material) by a continuous casting method from the viewpoint of productivity and quality. Also, the slab may be formed by a known casting method such as ingot-bundling rolling or continuous slab casting.
- Heating temperature of steel material 1150 ° C. or higher and 1350 ° C. or lower
- it is necessary to heat the steel material prior to rough rolling so that the steel structure of the steel material becomes a substantially homogeneous austenite phase.
- the heating temperature exceeds 1350 ° C. the scale loss increases and damage to the furnace body of the heating furnace increases. Therefore, the heating temperature of the steel material is set to 1150 ° C. or higher and 1350 ° C. or lower.
- a preferable heating temperature for the lower limit is 1180 ° C. or higher.
- a preferable heating temperature for the upper limit is 1320 ° C. or lower.
- the expression (1) is an experimentally obtained conditional expression for reducing the adverse effect of Mn segregation that causes a band-like uneven structure in slab heating. If the left side of the formula (1) is 0 or more, Mn diffuses during slab heating and the adverse effect on weldability due to the formation of a band-like non-uniform structure is reduced. In addition, although the upper limit of the left side of (1) Formula is not specifically limited, In consideration of manufacturability, it is usually 1.00 or less in many cases.
- Finish rolling end temperature 820 ° C or higher If the finish rolling end temperature is lower than 820 ° C, transformation from austenite to ferrite starts during rolling, and the local strength of the steel sheet fluctuates. The sheet thickness accuracy of rolling deteriorates. Therefore, the finish rolling end temperature is set to 820 ° C. or higher. Preferably it is 840 degreeC or more. More preferably, it is 850 degreeC or more. In addition, although the upper limit of finish rolling completion temperature is not specifically limited, 1020 degreeC is an upper limit substantially by restrictions of production equipment. Preferably it is 1000 degrees C or less. More preferably, it is 950 degrees C or less.
- Winding temperature 350 ° C. or higher and 680 ° C. or lower
- the winding temperature is lower than 350 ° C.
- the shape of the hot rolled sheet deteriorates, and the thickness accuracy after cold rolling deteriorates.
- the coiling temperature exceeds 680 ° C.
- an oxide film that cannot be removed by pickling is generated on the surface of the hot-rolled sheet, and the surface appearance after cold rolling is impaired.
- the winding temperature range was set to 350 ° C. or more and 680 ° C. or less.
- a preferred coiling temperature for the lower limit is 380 ° C. or higher. More preferably, it is 400 degreeC or more.
- a preferable coiling temperature for the upper limit is 650 ° C. or lower. More preferably, it is 630 degrees C or less.
- V, Ti and Nb are added, the coiling temperature is preferably 520 ° C. or less in order to make the carbide diameter 20 nm or less.
- the subsequent cold rolling step is a step of cold rolling the hot-rolled sheet after the hot rolling step.
- it is necessary to cold-roll the hot-rolled sheet after the hot rolling process.
- cold rolling is performed after pickling, but the pickling conditions may be normal conditions.
- the rolling rate in the cold rolling is not particularly limited, but is usually 20 to 80%.
- the lower limit is preferably 30% or more.
- the upper limit is preferably 75% or less.
- the subsequent annealing step is that after the cold rolling step, after being retained at 840 ° C. or higher for 30 seconds or longer, the average cooling rate from the cooling start temperature to the Ms point is 200 ° C./s or higher and is cooled to 100 ° C. or lower. After that, after heating again and retaining at 840 ° C. or more for 30 seconds or more, the average cooling rate from the cooling start temperature to (Ms point ⁇ 100) ° C. is 20 ° C./s or more and (Ms point ⁇ 100) ° C. or less. Then, after cooling, it is heated or cooled as necessary, and is retained at 200 ° C. or higher and 400 ° C. or lower for 20 seconds or longer and 1800 seconds or shorter.
- the residence time is preferably 300 seconds or less in order to make the carbide diameter 20 nm or less. More preferably, it is 840 degreeC or more and 50 seconds or more and 280 seconds or less. More preferably, it is 840 degreeC or more and 70 seconds or more and 250 seconds or less. In addition, heating temperature is 880 degrees C or less normally.
- the average cooling rate from the cooling start temperature to the Ms point is from 200 ° C./s to 100 ° C.
- it is necessary to suppress the grain boundary migration at the austenite / ferrite interface.
- it is necessary to cool at an average cooling rate from the cooling start temperature to the Ms point at 200 ° C./s or more.
- it is more preferable to set the cooling start temperature to 820 ° C. or higher and to cool to room temperature by water cooling.
- room temperature means 0 ° C. or more and 50 ° C. or less.
- the average cooling rate is usually 800 ° C./s or less.
- a heating temperature and a cooling start temperature may correspond, and do not need to correspond.
- the cooling rate from the Ms point to the cooling stop temperature is not particularly limited.
- the upper limit of the residence time is not particularly limited. However, if the residence time at 840 ° C.
- austenite grains become coarse and fine tempered martensite may not be obtained. Therefore, residence at 840 ° C. or higher and 280 seconds or shorter is preferable. Preferably, they are 840 degreeC or more and 50 seconds or more and 200 seconds or less. In addition, heating temperature is 900 degrees C or less normally.
- the cooling stop temperature is high, tempered martensite is not generated in the next step, and a desired structure cannot be obtained. From this viewpoint, it is necessary to cool to at least (Ms point ⁇ 100 ° C.) or less.
- the average cooling rate from the cooling start temperature to (Ms point ⁇ 100 ° C.) is 30 ° C./s or higher and 240 ° C. or lower, and the cooling start temperature is 820 ° C. or higher.
- the heating temperature for heating before the start of the main cooling does not have to coincide with the cooling start temperature. For example, the temperature may slightly decrease after heating and before cooling starts.
- the average cooling rate is usually 60 ° C./s or less.
- Residence at 200 ° C. or more and 400 ° C. or less for 20 seconds or more and 1800 seconds or less In order to temper the produced martensite, it is necessary to retain it in a predetermined temperature range. When the residence temperature is lower than 200 ° C., tempering does not proceed and the moldability becomes impractical. If it exceeds 400 ° C., coarse iron-based carbides are generated on the tempered martensite grain boundaries, so that the weldability decreases. Therefore, the residence temperature range was set to 200 ° C. or more and 400 ° C. or less. When the residence time is less than 20 seconds, tempering does not proceed sufficiently. If it exceeds 1800 seconds, iron-based carbides become coarse. Therefore, the residence time is set to 20 seconds or more and 1800 seconds or less.
- they are 200 degreeC or more and 400 degrees C or less, and are 50 seconds or more and 1500 seconds or less.
- heating is needed when the cooling stop temperature in cooling before the said residence is less than 200 degreeC.
- the said cooling stop temperature is the range of 200 to 400 degreeC, you may heat and cool suitably as needed.
- the manufacturing method of the thin steel plate which has a plating layer is demonstrated. Since it is the same as that of the manufacturing method of the thin steel plate which does not have a plating layer about cold rolling, description is abbreviate
- the average cooling rate from the cooling start temperature to 200 ° C is 200 ° C / s or higher and 100 ° C.
- the average cooling rate from the cooling start temperature to 260 ° C is 200 ° C / s or higher and 100 ° C.
- “Residence at 840 ° C. or higher for 30 seconds or longer” “Residence at 840 ° C. or higher for 30 seconds or longer” eliminates the influence of the recrystallized structure generated from the structure after cold rolling, and the former austenite corresponding to the tempered martensite grain boundary. It is important for increasing the concentration of Cr, Mo, Ni, B and Sb in addition to Si and Mn on the grain boundary. In order to increase the concentration on the grain boundaries such as Si and Mn after obtaining a complete recrystallized structure, it is necessary to retain at 840 ° C. or higher for 30 seconds or longer.
- the residence time is preferably 300 seconds or less in order to make the carbide diameter 20 nm or less. More preferably, it is 840 degreeC or more and 50 seconds or more and 280 seconds or less. In addition, heating temperature is 880 degrees C or less normally.
- the average cooling rate from the cooling start temperature to 200 ° C. is cooled to 200 ° C./s or more and 100 ° C. or less.
- the element distribution on the grain boundary generated by the annealing is It is necessary to suppress the formation of coarse iron-based carbides after freezing the state.
- room temperature means 0 ° C. or more and 50 ° C. or less.
- the average cooling rate is usually 800 ° C./s or less.
- a heating temperature and a cooling start temperature may correspond, and do not need to correspond.
- the cooling rate from 200 ° C. to the cooling stop temperature is not particularly limited.
- the residence time is 840 ° C. or more and 150 seconds or less.
- it is 840 degreeC or more and 20 seconds or more and 130 seconds or less.
- heating temperature is 900 degrees C or less normally.
- the average cooling rate from the cooling start temperature to 260 ° C. is cooled to 20 ° C./s or higher and 260 ° C. or lower.
- the average cooling rate is low, bainite and ferrite are generated in the cooling process, and the concentration of the grain boundary is reduced by the grain boundary movement. Therefore, it is necessary to suppress this as much as possible. Therefore, it is necessary to cool at an average cooling rate from the cooling start temperature to 260 ° C. at 20 ° C./s or more.
- the cooling stop temperature is high, tempered martensite is not generated in the next step, and a desired structure cannot be obtained.
- the average cooling rate from the cooling start temperature to 260 ° C. is 30 ° C./s or higher and 240 ° C. or lower, and the cooling start temperature is 820 ° C. or higher.
- the heating temperature for heating before the start of the main cooling does not have to coincide with the cooling start temperature. For example, the temperature may slightly decrease after heating and before cooling starts.
- the average cooling rate is usually 60 ° C./s or less.
- Residence at 200 ° C. or more and 400 ° C. or less for 20 seconds or more and 150 seconds or less In order to temper the produced martensite, it is necessary to retain it in a predetermined temperature range. When the residence temperature is lower than 200 ° C., tempering does not proceed and the moldability becomes impractical. If it exceeds 400 ° C., coarse iron-based carbides are generated on the tempered martensite grain boundaries, so that the weldability decreases. Therefore, the residence temperature range was set to 200 ° C. or more and 400 ° C. or less. When the residence time is less than 20 seconds, tempering does not proceed sufficiently. If it exceeds 150 seconds, the iron-based carbide becomes coarse. Therefore, the residence time is set to 20 seconds or more and 150 seconds or less.
- they are 200 degreeC or more and 400 degrees C or less, and are 50 seconds or more and 130 seconds or less.
- heating is needed when the cooling stop temperature in cooling before the said residence is less than 200 degreeC.
- the said cooling stop temperature is the range of 200 to 400 degreeC, you may heat and cool suitably as needed.
- the thin steel plate which has a plating layer can be manufactured.
- a specific method of the plating treatment is not particularly limited, and any of hot dipping and electroplating may be used.
- residence time was 20 seconds or more and 150 seconds or less. Preferably, it is 30 seconds or more and 130 seconds or less.
- a steel material having a thickness of 250 mm having the composition shown in Table 1 is subjected to a hot rolling process under the hot rolling conditions shown in Table 2 to form a hot rolled sheet, and a cold rolling rate of 29% or more and 68% or less is cold.
- a rolling process was performed to obtain a cold-rolled sheet, and annealing under the conditions shown in Table 2 was performed in a continuous annealing line or a continuous hot dipping line. Then, the plating process and the alloying process were performed as needed.
- the temperature of the plating bath immersed in the continuous hot dipping line is 460 ° C.
- the amount of plating is GI (hot dip plated steel), GA (alloyed)
- Both the hot-dip galvanized steel sheets) were 45 to 65 g / m 2 per side, and the amount of Fe contained in the GA material plating layer was in the range of 6 to 14% by mass.
- the Ms point was determined by equation (2).
- Ms point (° C.) 561-474 ⁇ [C] ⁇ 33 ⁇ [Mn] ⁇ 17 ⁇ [Ni] ⁇ 17 ⁇ [Cr] ⁇ 21 ⁇ [Mo] ...
- Specimens were collected from the cold-rolled steel sheet (CR material), hot-dip steel sheet (GI material) or alloyed hot-dip steel sheet (GA material) obtained as described above and evaluated by the following methods.
- the area ratio of each phase was evaluated by the following method. Cut out from the steel plate so that the cross section parallel to the rolling direction becomes the observation surface, the center of the plate thickness appears to be corroded with 1% nital, and is magnified 2000 times with a scanning electron microscope to obtain a thickness of 1/4 t (where t is all Thickness) was taken for 10 fields of view.
- the ferrite phase is a structure with a form in which corrosion marks and iron-based carbides are not observed in the grains
- the tempered martensite is a structure in which many fine iron-based carbides and corrosion marks having an orientation are observed in the grains. .
- the area ratios of the ferrite phase, tempered martensite and other structures were determined, and the results are shown in Table 3.
- the tempered martensite particle size was determined by image analysis using image analysis software (Image-Pro Plus ver. 7.0, manufactured by Nippon Roper Co., Ltd.). Table 3 shows the average particle size. As the image, 10 fields of view taken by measuring the area ratio were used. Further, the diameter of a circle having the same area as the area of the martensite grains was determined as the martensite particle diameter, and the average value was calculated.
- the average particle diameter of carbides was measured using a transmission electron microscope for the number and proportion of carbide particles.
- the central part in the plate thickness direction of the steel plate was the object of observation, and was magnified 300,000 times.
- 300 carbides were randomly selected for the carbides on the tempered martensite grain boundaries, and the average particle size was determined.
- an energy dispersive X-ray analyzer attached to TEM was used for the identification of carbide. Further, the grain boundary was specified at a magnification of 5000, and the grain boundary where the tempered martensite was adjacent was searched for, and the grain boundary part was photographed by the above method.
- the element concentration (atomic concentration) on the tempered martensite grain boundary 0.5 mm ⁇ 0.5 mm ⁇ 25 mm parallel to the plate thickness direction at a position across the tempered martensite from the center of the plate thickness.
- the prismatic test piece was collected and used as a test piece for measurement having a needle-like tip by electrolytic polishing.
- the concentration of elements present at the grain boundaries was analyzed.
- the grain boundary was set to ⁇ 0.25 nm from the position where the element concentration was maximum, and the atomic concentrations of Si, Mn, Cr, Mo, Ni, B and Sb were determined. Further, the grain boundary was specified by a method in which C was analyzed and a portion having the highest C concentration was used as the grain boundary.
- Tensile test A JIS No. 5 tensile test piece was produced from the obtained steel sheet in the direction perpendicular to the rolling direction, and a tensile test in accordance with the provisions of JIS Z 2241 (2011) was conducted five times, and the average yield strength (YS), Tensile strength (TS) and total elongation (El) were determined.
- the crosshead speed in the tensile test was 10 mm / min.
- the tensile strength: 900 MPa or more was defined as the mechanical properties of the steel sheet required for the steel of the present invention.
- welding condition 2 which is a more severe condition, was a result that the level in the preferred range of the slab heating condition was good after controlling the grain boundary atomic concentration of Cr, Mo, Ni, B and Sb.
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Abstract
Description
本発明の薄鋼板の成分組成は、質量%で、C:0.07%以上0.20%以下、Si:0.60%以上1.65%以下、Mn:1.8%以上3.5%以下、P:0.05%以下、S:0.005%以下、Al:0.08%以下、N:0.0060%以下、残部がFeおよび不可避的不純物からなる。
Cは、焼き戻しマルテンサイトの硬度に関係し、鋼板の強度を上昇させるために有効な元素である。引張強さ:900MPa以上を得るには、少なくともC含有量を0.07%以上含有させる必要がある。一方、C含有量が0.20%を上回ると、スポット溶接での溶融金属部の硬度が過度に上昇し、熱影響部(HAZ部)との硬度差が生じることによってスポット溶接性を低下させる。さらに、焼き戻しマルテンサイトの粒界上に析出する鉄系炭化物の粒子径が増大する観点からもスポット溶接性が悪化する。そのため、C含有量の範囲を0.07%以上0.20%以下とした。下限について好ましいC含有量は0.09%以上である。より好ましくは0.10%以上、さらに好ましくは0.11%以上である。上限について好ましいC含有量は0.19%以下である。より好ましくは0.18%以下、さらに好ましくは0.16%以下である。
Siは、粒界に存在することで粒界の濡れ性を低下させ、スポット溶接での亜鉛の粒界浸食を抑えることで割れ発生を抑える効果がある元素である。この効果を得るには、少なくともSiを0.60%含有する必要がある。一方、Si含有量が1.65%を上回ると、化成処理性やめっき性への悪影響が顕在化し、自動車用部材として適用が困難となる。以上から、Si含有量範囲を0.60%以上1.65%以下とした。下限について好ましいSi含有量は0.70%以上である。より好ましくは0.80%以上、さらに好ましくは0.90%以上である。上限について好ましいSi含有量は1.60%以下である。より好ましくは1.55%以下、さらに好ましくは1.50%以下である。
MnもSiと同様、焼き戻しマルテンサイトの粒界上に存在させることで、スポット溶接での粒界浸漬を抑制する効果のある元素である。この効果を得るには、Mn含有量は1.8%以上とする必要がある。一方、Mn含有量が3.5%を上回ると、化成処理性やめっき性が悪化する。そのため、Mn含有量は1.8%以上3.5%以下とした。下限について好ましいMn含有量は1.9%以上である。より好ましくは2.1%以上、さらに好ましくは2.3%以上である。上限について好ましいMn含有量は3.2%以下である。より好ましくは3.0%以下、さらに好ましくは2.9%以下である。
Pは、低温脆性を発生させる元素であるため、溶接時の冷却時に割れを発生させる元素である。したがって、溶接性の観点から、P含有量は極力低減することが好ましく、本発明では、P含有量は0.05%まで許容できる。好ましくは0.03%以下である。P含有量は極力低減する方が望ましく無添加でもよいが、製造上、0.002%は不可避的に混入する場合がある。
Sは、鋼中で粗大な硫化物を形成し、これが熱間圧延時に伸展し楔状の介在物となることで、溶接性に悪影響をもたらす。そのため、S含有量は極力低減することが好ましい。本発明では、0.005%まで許容できるため、S含有上限量を0.005%とした。好ましくは、0.003%以下である。S含有量は極力低減する方が望ましく無添加でもよいが、製造上、0.0002%は不可避的に混入する場合がある。
Alを製鋼の段階で脱酸剤として添加する場合、Al含有量を0.02%以上含有することが好ましい。より好ましくは0.03%以上である。一方、Alは溶接性を悪化させる粗大な酸化物を形成する。そのため、Al含有量上限0.08%とした。好ましくは0.07%以下である。より好ましくは0.06%以下、さらに好ましくは0.05%以下である。
Nは、常温時効性を悪化させ予期せぬ割れを発生させたり、スポット溶接時の微小なボイド生成の原因となり溶接性を悪化させたりする有害な元素である。そのため、N含有量は出来る限り低減することが望ましいが、本発明では0.0060%まで許容できる。好ましくは0.0050%以下である。より好ましくは0.0050%以下、さらに好ましくは0.0040%以下である。N含有量は極力低減する方が望ましく無添加でもよいが、製造上、0.0005%は不可避的に混入する場合がある。
V、TiおよびNbはCと結合し微細な炭化物を形成することで鋼板の高強度化に寄与する元素である。一方、過度に含有させると粗大な炭化物として析出するため、溶接性を悪化させる。以上の観点から、V:0.001%以上1%以下、Ti:0.001%以上0.3%以下、Nb:0.001%以上0.3%以下とした。下限について好ましいV含有量は0.005%以上である。より好ましくは0.050%以上、さらに好ましくは0.100%以上である。上限について好ましいV含有量は0.6%以下である。より好ましくは0.5%以下、さらに好ましくは0.4%以下である。下限について好ましいTi含有量は0.005%以上である。より好ましくは0.010%以上、さらに好ましくは0.020%以上である。上限について好ましいTi含有量は0.2%以下である。より好ましくは0.15%以下、さらに好ましくは0.12%以下である。下限について好ましいNb含有量は0.005%以上である。より好ましくは0.010%以上、さらに好ましくは0.020%以上である。上限について好ましいNb含有量は0.15%以下である。より好ましくは0.12%以下、さらに好ましくは0.08%以下である。
Cr、MoおよびNiは鋼板の高強度化に寄与し、焼き戻しマルテンサイトの粒界上での原子濃度を上昇させることで、スポット溶接性を改善させる効果のある元素である。一方、これら元素を過度に添加すると、変態点が大きく変化することで所望の鋼組織が得られなくなり、化成処理性やめっき性が悪化する。BおよびSbは、粒界に存在することで割れ発生に要する表面エネルギーが上昇し、スポット溶接での割れ発生抑制に効果がある元素である。過度に添加しても効果は飽和するため、添加元素の浪費につながる。以上の観点から、Cr:0.001%以上1.0%以下、Mo:0.001%以上1.0%以下、Ni:0.001%以上1.0%以下、B:0.0001%以上0.0050%以下、Sb:0.001%以上0.050%以下とした。下限について好ましいCr含有量が0.010%以上である。より好ましくは0.050%以上、さらに好ましくは0.100%以上である。上限について好ましいCr含有量が0.8%以下である。より好ましくは0.7%以下、さらに好ましくは0.6%以下である。下限について好ましいMo含有量は0.010%以上である。より好ましくは0.050%以上、さらに好ましくは0.100%以上である。上限について好ましいMo含有量は0.6%以下である。より好ましくは0.5%以下、さらに好ましくは0.4%以下である。下限について好ましいNi含有量は0.010%以上である。より好ましくは0.020%以上、さらに好ましくは0.030%以上である。上限について好ましいNi含有量は0.5%以下である。より好ましくは0.4%以下、さらに好ましくは0.3%以下である。下限について好ましいB含有量は0.0003%以上である。より好ましくは0.0007%以上、さらに好ましくは0.0010%以上である。上限について好ましいB含有量は0.0030%以下である。より好ましくは0.0025%以下、さらに好ましくは0.0020%以下である。下限について好ましいSb含有量は0.005%以上である。より好ましくは0.008%以上、さらに好ましくは0.010%以上である。上限について好ましいSb含有量は0.040%以下である。より好ましくは0.030%以下、さらに好ましくは0.020%以下である。
REM、Sn、Sb、MgおよびCaは、介在物を球状化させることでスポット溶接性を向上させる元素である。一方、過度に添加しても効果は飽和するため、添加元素の浪費につながる。以上の観点から、REM、Sn、Mg、Caのいずれか1種または2種以上を合計で0.0001%以上0.1%以下とした。下限について、好ましくは、REM、Sn、Mg、Caのいずれか1種または2種以上を合計で0.0005%以上である。より好ましくは0.0010%以上、さらに好ましくは0.0020%以上である。上限について、好ましくは、REM、Sn、Mg、Caのいずれか1種または2種以上を合計で0.05%以下である。より好ましくは0.03%以下、さらに好ましくは0.02%以下である。
続いて、本発明の薄鋼板の鋼組織について説明する。本発明の薄鋼板の鋼組織は、フェライト面積率が30%以下(0%を含む)、焼き戻されたマルテンサイトの面積率が70%以上(100%を含む)、残部組織としてフェライトおよび焼き戻しマルテンサイト以外の組織の面積率合計が10%以下(0%を含む)である。また、焼き戻しマルテンサイトの平均粒径が5μm以下、焼き戻しマルテンサイトの粒界上に析出した鉄系炭化物の平均粒子径が100nm以下、焼き戻しマルテンサイトの粒界上のSiおよびMnの合計が原子濃度で5原子%以上である。なお、原子濃度の単位は単に「%」と表記する場合がある。
フェライトの生成温度により粒界上の元素濃度が低下するケースがあり、フェライトの生成量が多い場合には、安定的にスポット溶接性を改善するのは困難である。また、引張強さ:900MPaを得るには焼き戻しマルテンサイトといった硬質相は不可欠であるが、軟質相であるフェライトが多量に生成すると、スポット溶接でのHAZ部近傍でフェライトと焼き戻しマルテンサイトとの界面に応力集中が生じ、割れの発生の要因となる。そのため、フェライト面積率は30%以下とした。好ましくは25%以下である。より好ましくは22%以下、さらに好ましくは20%以下である。また、フェライト面積率は0%でもよい。ただし、フェライトを含む場合も多く、その場合のフェライト面積率は1%以上や3%以上である。
焼き戻しマルテンサイトはラス構造を有するミクロ組織内部に0.3μm以下の炭化物が析出した組織である。焼き戻しマルテンサイトは焼き戻されていない焼入ままマルテンサイトと比べて熱による変質が小さいため、HAZ部の軟化が小さくなる。そのため、本発明では、主たる鋼組織として焼き戻しマルテンサイトを選択した。優れた溶接性を兼備した引張強さ900MPa以上を得るには、焼き戻しマルテンサイトは70%以上とする必要がある。好ましくは、75%以上である。より好ましくは77%以上、さらに好ましくは80%以上である。焼き戻しマルテンサイトの面積率が100%でもよいが、焼き戻しマルテンサイト以外を含む場合も多く、その場合に焼き戻しマルテンサイトの面積率の上限は98%以下や96%以下である。
フェライトおよび焼き戻しマルテンサイト以外の組織としては、ベイナイト、焼入ままマルテンサイト、残留オーステナイト、パーライト等が挙げられる。これら組織は強度を低下させたり、溶接性を悪化させたりするため、極力低減することが望ましい。本発明では、フェライトおよび焼き戻しマルテンサイト以外の組織の合計面積率は10%まで許容できる。好ましくは7%以下、より好ましくは5%以下、さらに好ましくは4%以下である。
主に焼き戻しマルテンサイトの粒界が、スポット溶接時、亜鉛に浸食される。そのため、焼き戻しマルテンサイトの粒界面積が小さい、すなわち焼き戻しマルテンサイトが粗大であると、割れ発生時の表面エネルギーが小さくなるため、割れが発生しやすくなる。粒界の表面エネルギーを増大させるには、焼き戻しマルテンサイトの表面エネルギーを増大させることが有効であり、この効果を得るには、焼き戻しマルテンサイトの平均粒径が5μm以下である必要がある。好ましくは、4μm以下である。より好ましくは3.5μm以下、さらに好ましくは3.0μm以下である。平均粒径の下限は特に限定されず小さいほど好ましいが、本発明鋼では、通常、1μm以上の平均粒径が得られる。
粒界は鉄系炭化物析出の優先サイトでもあるため、粗大な鉄系炭化物が存在すると鉄系炭化物とマトリックスとの界面に応力集中が生じ、スポット溶接時に割れ発生の要因となる。炭化物サイズ(炭化物の平均粒子径)が100nm以下であれば、溶接性に悪影響をもたらさない。好ましくは、80nm以下である。より好ましくは70nm以下、さらに好ましくは65nm以下である。本発明では、上記平均粒子径の下限は限定されないが、平均粒子径が10nm以上の鉄系炭化物が析出する場合が多い。なお、鉄系炭化物とはη炭化物、χ炭化物、ε炭化物等の炭化物を意味する。
選択元素(任意元素)としてV、TiもしくはNbを1種または2種以上を含有した場合、上記の鉄系炭化物よりもV、TiもしくはNbを含む炭化物は硬度が高いため、V、TiもしくはNbを含む炭化物が粒界に析出した場合、鉄系炭化物と同様にスポット溶接性に悪影響をもたらす。本発明では、これらの元素を含む場合には鉄系炭化物だけでなく、V、TiもしくはNbを含む炭化物の平均粒子径も調整する必要がある。V、TiもしくはNbを含む炭化物の平均粒子径は20nm以下であれば許容できる。好ましくは、15nm以下である。より好ましくは13nm以下である。なお、下限は特に限定されないが上記平均粒子径は、0.8nm以上であることが多い。
スポット溶接時の亜鉛粒界浸食による割れは、粒界浸食を妨げれば改善される。このためには、粒界の濡れ性を低下させることが有効である。この効果を得るには、焼き戻しマルテンサイトの粒界上のSiおよびMnの合計を原子濃度で5%以上とする必要がある。好ましくは7%以上である。より好ましくは8%以上である。また、上限は特に限定されないが、実質25%が上限である。また、上記合計原子濃度は15%以下であることが多い。
選択元素(任意元素)としてCr、Mo、Ni、BもしくはSbの1種もしくは2種以上を含有させた場合、スポット溶接性を更に改善させるためには、焼き戻しマルテンサイトの粒界上のCr、Mo、Ni、BおよびSbの合計を原子濃度で5%以上とする必要がある。Cr、Niは粒界の濡れ性を低下させ、亜鉛の粒界浸食を妨げるために有効な元素である。Mo、BおよびSbは割れ発生時の表面エネルギーを増大させ、割れ発生を抑制する効果がある。好ましくはCr、Mo、Ni、BおよびSbの合計を原子濃度で7%以上である。より好ましくは8%以上である。また、上限は特に限定されないが、実質35%が上限である。また、上記合計原子濃度は20%以下であることが多い。
続いて、めっき層について説明する。本発明の薄鋼板がめっき層を有する薄鋼板の場合、めっき層の種類は特に限定されず、溶融めっき層、電気めっき層等を例示できる。また、めっき層の組成も特に限定されず、一般的な組成であればよい。例えば、めっき層は、質量%で、Fe:20.0%以下、Al:0.001%以上3.5%以下を含有し、さらに、Pb、Sb、Si、Sn、Mg、Mn、Ni、Cr、Co、Ca、Cu、Li、Ti、Be、Bi、REMから選択する1種または2種以上を合計で0~3.5%含有し、残部がZn及び不可避的不純物からなる。また、めっき層は、合金化されためっき層であってもよい。なお、合金化されためっき層の場合、めっき層におけるFe含有量は通常5.0%以上20%以下である。
次に、本発明の薄鋼板の製造方法について説明する。めっき層を有さない薄鋼板の製造方法と、めっき層を有する薄鋼板の製造方法とは、製造条件が若干異なる。これはめっき処理を行うか否かにより、許容できる製造条件の範囲が若干異なるからである。以下、めっき層を有さない薄鋼板の製造方法、めっき層を有する薄鋼板の製造方法の順で説明する。
本発明においては、粗圧延に先立ち鋼素材を加熱して、鋼素材の鋼組織を実質的に均質なオーステナイト相とする必要がある。また、粗大な介在物の生成を抑制するためには加熱温度の制御が重要となる。加熱温度が1150℃を下回ると所望の仕上げ圧延終了温度を得ることができない。一方、加熱温度が1350℃を上回ると、スケールロスが増大し、加熱炉の炉体への損傷が大きくなる。そのため、鋼素材の加熱温度は1150℃以上1350℃以下とした。下限について好ましい加熱温度は1180℃以上である。上限について好ましい加熱温度は1320℃以下である。なお、上記加熱後の粗圧延の粗圧延条件については特に限定されない。
仕上げ圧延終了温度が820℃を下回ると、圧延中にオーステナイトからフェライトへの変態が開始してしまい、鋼板の局所的な強度が変動するため、次工程の冷間圧延の板厚精度が悪化する。そのため、仕上げ圧延終了温度は820℃以上とした。好ましくは840℃以上である。より好ましくは850℃以上である。なお、仕上げ圧延終了温度の上限は特に限定されないが、生産設備の制約から実質1020℃が上限である。好ましく1000℃以下である。より好ましくは950℃以下である。
巻取温度が350℃を下回ると熱延板の形状が悪化し、冷間圧延後の板厚精度が悪化する。巻取温度が680℃を上回ると、熱延板表面に酸洗で除去しきれない酸化皮膜が生成し、冷延後の表面外観を損ねる。以上から、巻取温度の範囲を350℃以上680℃以下とした。下限に付いて好ましい巻取温度は380℃以上である。より好ましくは400℃以上である。上限について好ましい巻取温度は650℃以下である。より好ましくは630℃以下である。V,TiおよびNbが添加されている場合、炭化物径を20nm以下とするため、巻取温度は520℃以下とすることが好ましい。
「840℃以上で30秒以上滞留」は、冷間圧延後の組織から生成される再結晶組織の影響を排除し、焼き戻しマルテンサイト粒界に相当する旧オーステナイト粒界上へSiやMnに加え、Cr、Mo、Ni、BおよびSbの濃度を上昇させるために重要である。完全再結晶組織を得たうえで、SiやMn等の粒界上の濃度を上昇させるには、840℃以上で30秒以上滞留させる必要がある。V,TiおよびNbが添加されている場合、炭化物径を20nm以下とするため、滞留時間は300秒以下とすることが好ましい。より好ましくは、840℃以上で50秒以上280秒以下である。さらに好ましくは840℃以上で70秒以上250秒以下である。なお、加熱温度は、通常、880℃以下である。
本工程での冷却では、オーステナイト/フェライト界面の粒界移動を抑制する必要がある。そのためには、冷却開始温度からMs点までの平均冷却速度が200℃/s以上で冷却させる必要がある。冷却過程でのフェライト生成を抑制するため、冷却開始温度は820℃以上とし、水冷により室温まで冷却することが、より好ましい。ここで、室温とは0℃以上50℃以下を意味する。また、上記平均冷却速度は、通常、800℃/s以下である。なお、冷却前の加熱において840℃以上に加熱するが、加熱温度と冷却開始温度は一致してもよいし一致しなくてもよい。例えば、一致しない場合として、加熱後冷却までに温度低下する場合がある。また、Ms点から冷却停止温度までの冷却速度は特に限定されない。
一度、840℃以上に焼鈍した後マルテンサイトとし、再度840℃以上に加熱することで、旧オーステナイト粒界上におけるSiやMn等の元素の濃度を効果的に上昇させつつ、旧オーステナイト粒の粗大化を抑制し、焼き戻しマルテンサイト粒径を微細化する効果がある。焼鈍完了後には、オーステナイトが主体となる組織とする必要があるため、840℃以上で30秒以上滞留させる必要がある。一方、上記滞留時間の上限は特に限定されないが、840℃以上での滞留時間が300秒を上回るとオーステナイト粒が粗大化し、微細な焼き戻しマルテンサイトが得られない場合がある。そのため、840℃以上で280秒以下の滞留が好ましい。好ましくは、840℃以上で50秒以上200秒以下である。なお、加熱温度は、通常、900℃以下である。
本冷却工程で、オーステナイトからマルテンサイトへの変態を、概ね完了させる必要がある。平均冷却速度が小さい場合、冷却過程でベイナイトやフェライトが生成してしまい、粒界の濃度が粒界移動により小さくなるため、可能な限りこれを抑制する必要がある。そのため、冷却開始温度から(Ms点-100℃)までの平均冷却速度は20℃/s以上で冷却する必要がある。また、冷却停止温度が高い場合、次工程で焼き戻しマルテンサイトが生成されず、所望の組織が得られない。この観点から、少なくとも(Ms点-100℃)以下にまで冷却する必要がある。好ましくは、冷却開始温度から(Ms点-100℃)までの平均冷却速度が30℃/s以上で240℃以下まで冷却することであり、冷却開始温度は820℃以上である。本冷却開始前の加熱の加熱温度と冷却開始温度は一致しなくてもよい。例えば、加熱後冷却開始までに少し温度低下することがある。また、上記平均冷却速度は通常60℃/s以下である。
生成されたマルテンサイトを焼き戻すために、所定の温度域で滞留させる必要がある。滞留温度が200℃を下回ると焼き戻しが進行せず、成形性が実用不可能なものとなる。400℃を上回ると、焼き戻しマルテンサイト粒界上に粗大な鉄系炭化物が生成されるため、溶接性が低下する。そのため、滞留温度域は200℃以上400℃以下とした。滞留時間が20秒を下回ると、焼き戻しが十分に進行しない。1800秒を上回ると鉄系炭化物が粗大化する。そのため、滞留時間は20秒以上1800秒以下とした。好ましくは、200℃以上400℃以下で50秒以上1500秒以下である。なお、上記滞留の前の冷却における冷却停止温度が200℃を下回る場合には加熱が必要になる。また、上記冷却停止温度が200℃以上400℃以下の範囲であっても必要に応じて適宜加熱や冷却をしてもよい。
「840℃以上で30秒以上滞留」は、冷間圧延後の組織から生成される再結晶組織の影響を排除し、焼き戻しマルテンサイト粒界に相当する旧オーステナイト粒界上へSiやMnに加え、Cr、Mo、Ni、BおよびSbの濃度を上昇させるために重要である。完全再結晶組織を得たうえで、SiやMn等の粒界上の濃度を上昇させるには、840℃以上で30秒以上滞留させる必要がある。V,TiおよびNbが添加されている場合、炭化物径を20nm以下とするため、滞留時間は300秒以下とすることが好ましい。より好ましくは、840℃以上で50秒以上280秒以下である。なお、加熱温度は、通常、880℃以下である。
オーステナイトからマルテンサイトを主体とする組織とすることにより、上記焼鈍で生成させた粒界上の元素分布の状態を凍結したうえで、粗大な鉄系炭化物生成を抑制する必要がある。そのためには、冷却開始温度から200℃までの平均冷却速度が200℃/s以上で冷却させる必要がある。フェライト生成を抑制するため、冷却開始温度は820℃以上とし、水冷により室温まで冷却することが、より好ましい。ここで、室温とは0℃以上50℃以下を意味する。また、上記平均冷却速度は、通常、800℃/s以下である。なお、冷却前の加熱において840℃以上に加熱するが、加熱温度と冷却開始温度は一致してもよいし一致しなくてもよい。例えば、一致しない場合として、加熱後冷却までに温度低下する場合がある。また、200℃から冷却停止温度までの冷却速度は特に限定されない。
一度、840℃以上に焼鈍した後マルテンサイトとし、再度840℃以上に加熱することで、旧オーステナイト粒界上におけるSiやMn等の元素の濃度を効果的に上昇させつつ、旧オーステナイト粒の粗大化を抑制し、焼き戻しマルテンサイト粒径を微細化する効果がある。焼鈍完了後には、オーステナイトが主体となる組織とする必要があるため、840℃以上で10秒以上滞留させる必要がある。一方、840℃以上での滞留時間が150秒を上回るとオーステナイト粒が粗大化し、微細な焼き戻しマルテンサイトが得られない。そのため、840℃以上で150秒以下の滞留とする。好ましくは、840℃以上で20秒以上130秒以下である。なお、加熱温度は、通常、900℃以下である。
本冷却工程で、オーステナイトからマルテンサイトへの変態を、概ね完了させる必要がある。平均冷却速度が小さい場合、冷却過程でベイナイトやフェライトが生成してしまい、粒界の濃度が粒界移動により小さくなるため、可能な限りこれを抑制する必要がある。そのため、冷却開始温度から260℃までの平均冷却速度は20℃/s以上で冷却する必要がある。また、冷却停止温度が高い場合、次工程で焼き戻しマルテンサイトが生成されず、所望の組織が得られない。この観点から、少なくとも260℃以下にまで冷却する必要がある。好ましくは、冷却開始温度から260℃までの平均冷却速度が30℃/s以上で240℃以下まで冷却することであり、冷却開始温度は820℃以上である。本冷却開始前の加熱の加熱温度と冷却開始温度は一致しなくてもよい。例えば、加熱後冷却開始までに少し温度低下することがある。また、上記平均冷却速度は通常60℃/s以下である。
生成されたマルテンサイトを焼き戻すために、所定の温度域で滞留させる必要がある。滞留温度が200℃を下回ると焼き戻しが進行せず、成形性が実用不可能なものとなる。400℃を上回ると、焼き戻しマルテンサイト粒界上に粗大な鉄系炭化物が生成されるため、溶接性が低下する。そのため、滞留温度域は200℃以上400℃以下とした。滞留時間が20秒を下回ると、焼き戻しが十分に進行しない。150秒を上回ると鉄系炭化物が粗大化する。そのため、滞留時間は20秒以上150秒以下とした。好ましくは、200℃以上400℃以下で50秒以上130秒以下である。なお、上記滞留の前の冷却における冷却停止温度が200℃を下回る場合には加熱が必要になる。また、上記冷却停止温度が200℃以上400℃以下の範囲であっても必要に応じて適宜加熱や冷却をしてもよい。
Ms点は(2)式によって求めた。
Ms点(℃)=561-474×[C]-33×[Mn]-17×[Ni]-17×[Cr]-21×[Mo]・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・(2)
ここで、[M](M=C、Mn、Ni、Cr、Mo)は合金元素の重量濃度である。
各相の面積率は以下の手法により評価した。鋼板から、圧延方向に平行な断面が観察面となるよう切り出し、板厚中心部を1%ナイタールで腐食現出し、走査電子顕微鏡で2000倍に拡大して板厚1/4t部(tは全厚)を10視野分撮影した。フェライト相は粒内に腐食痕や鉄系炭化物が観察されない形態を有する組織であり、焼き戻しマルテンサイトは粒内に配向性を有する多数の微細な鉄系炭化物および腐食痕が認められる組織である。フェライト相、焼き戻しマルテンサイトとこれら以外の組織の面積率を求め、結果を表3に示した。
得られた鋼板から圧延方向に対して垂直方向にJIS5号引張試験片を作製し、JIS Z 2241(2011)の規定に準拠した引張試験を5回行い、平均の降伏強度(YS)、引張強さ(TS)、全伸び(El)を求めた。引張試験のクロスヘッドスピードは10mm/minとした。表3において、引張強さ:900MPa以上を本発明鋼で求める鋼板の機械的性質とした。
溶接性の評価のために、日本鉄鋼連盟規格JFS A 3011:2014に準拠した板厚1.0mmのJAC270Cのめっき鋼板と、本発明鋼もしくは比較鋼とを重ね、スポット溶接を施した。溶接条件は、先端径7mmφのドームラジアス型のクロム銅電極を用い、溶接時間25サイクル(60Hz)、加圧力300kgf、ナゲット径6mmとした。鋼板の法線方向と電極との角度を10°および15°に変化させて溶接した後、溶接部の断面組織を観察し割れの有無を観察した。10μm以上の割れが生じていた場合は、不合格として「×」、そうでなければ合格として「○」とし、結果を表3に示した。
Claims (9)
- 質量%で、
C:0.07%以上0.20%以下、
Si:0.60%以上1.65%以下、
Mn:1.8%以上3.5%以下、
P:0.05%以下、
S:0.005%以下、
Al:0.08%以下、
N:0.0060%以下、残部がFeおよび不可避的不純物からなる成分組成と、
フェライトを面積率で30%以下(0%を含む)、焼き戻しマルテンサイトを面積率で70%以上(100%含む)、残部組織としてフェライトおよび焼き戻しマルテンサイト以外を面積率の合計で10%以下(0%を含む)含み、
焼き戻しマルテンサイトの平均粒径が5μm以下、
焼き戻しマルテンサイトの粒界上に析出した鉄系炭化物の平均粒子径が100nm以下、
焼き戻しマルテンサイトの粒界上のSiおよびMnの合計が原子濃度で5%以上である鋼組織と、を有し、
引張強さが900MPa以上である薄鋼板。 - 前記成分組成は、さらに、質量%で、
V:0.001%以上1%以下、
Ti:0.001%以上0.3%以下、
Nb:0.001%以上0.3%以下の1種または2種以上を含有し、
前記鋼組織は、V、Ti及びNbの少なくとも1種を含む炭化物の平均粒子径が20nm以下である請求項1に記載の薄鋼板。 - 前記成分組成は、さらに、質量%で、
Cr:0.001%以上1.0%以下、
Mo:0.001%以上1.0%以下、
Ni:0.001%以上1.0%以下、
B:0.0001%以上0.0050%以下、
Sb:0.001%以上0.050%以下の1種または2種以上を含有し、
前記鋼組織は、焼き戻しマルテンサイトの粒界上のCr、Mo、Ni、BおよびSbの合計が原子濃度で5%以上である請求項1または2に記載の薄鋼板。 - 前記成分組成は、さらに、質量%で、REM、Sn、Mg、Caのいずれか1種または2種以上を合計で0.0001%以上0.1%以下含有する請求項1~3のいずれかに記載の薄鋼板。
- 表面にめっき層を備える請求項1~4のいずれかに記載の薄鋼板。
- 前記めっき層の組成が質量%でFe:20.0%以下、Al:0.001%以上3.5%以下とPb、Sb、Si、Sn、Mg、Mn、Ni、Cr、Co、Ca、Cu、Li、Ti、Be、BiおよびREMから選択する1種または2種以上を合計0%~3.5%とを含有し、残部がZn及び不可避不純物からなる請求項5に記載の薄鋼板。
- 前記めっき層は、合金化溶融めっき層である請求項5または6に記載の薄鋼板。
- 請求項1~4のいずれかに記載の薄鋼板の製造方法であって、
鋼素材を、1150℃以上1350℃以下に加熱し、粗圧延と仕上げ圧延からなる熱間圧延を施すにあたり、仕上げ圧延終了温度を820℃以上とし、350℃以上680℃以下で巻き取り、
冷間圧延を施し、
冷間圧延後加熱し、840℃以上で30秒以上滞留させた後、冷却開始温度からMs点までの平均冷却速度が200℃/s以上で100℃以下まで冷却した後、再度加熱し、840℃以上で30秒以上滞留させた後、冷却開始温度から(Ms点-100℃)までの平均冷却速度が20℃/s以上で(Ms点-100℃)以下まで冷却し、冷却後必要に応じて加熱又は冷却し、200℃以上400℃以下で20秒以上1800秒以下滞留させる薄鋼板の製造方法。 - 請求項5~7のいずれかに記載の薄鋼板の製造方法であって、
鋼素材を、1150℃以上1350℃以下で加熱し、粗圧延と仕上げ圧延からなる熱間圧延を施すにあたり、仕上げ圧延終了温度を820℃以上とし、350℃以上680℃以下で巻き取り、
冷間圧延を施し、
冷間圧延後加熱し、840℃以上で30秒以上滞留させた後、冷却開始温度から200℃までの平均冷却速度が200℃/s以上で100℃以下まで冷却した後、再度加熱し、840℃以上で10秒以上150秒以下滞留させた後、冷却開始温度から260℃までの平均冷却速度が20℃/s以上で260℃以下まで冷却し、冷却後必要に応じて加熱又は冷却し、200℃以上400℃以下で20秒以上150秒以下滞留させ、その後、めっき浴に浸漬させることによりめっき処理を行うか又は該めっき処理を行いさらに合金化処理を行う薄鋼板の製造方法。
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WO2024195680A1 (ja) * | 2023-03-20 | 2024-09-26 | 日本製鉄株式会社 | 鋼板 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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MX2019001045A (es) | 2019-04-25 |
EP3467135A4 (en) | 2019-06-19 |
JPWO2018030501A1 (ja) | 2018-08-09 |
EP3467135A1 (en) | 2019-04-10 |
KR20190022769A (ko) | 2019-03-06 |
US11066716B2 (en) | 2021-07-20 |
CN109563582A (zh) | 2019-04-02 |
CN109563582B (zh) | 2021-08-24 |
JP6296214B1 (ja) | 2018-03-20 |
KR102206448B1 (ko) | 2021-01-21 |
EP3467135B1 (en) | 2020-09-23 |
US20190271052A1 (en) | 2019-09-05 |
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