WO2018028330A1 - 指纹识别显示面板及显示装置 - Google Patents

指纹识别显示面板及显示装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018028330A1
WO2018028330A1 PCT/CN2017/090744 CN2017090744W WO2018028330A1 WO 2018028330 A1 WO2018028330 A1 WO 2018028330A1 CN 2017090744 W CN2017090744 W CN 2017090744W WO 2018028330 A1 WO2018028330 A1 WO 2018028330A1
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Prior art keywords
liquid crystal
crystal layer
display panel
thickness
layer
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PCT/CN2017/090744
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
李昌峰
王海生
刘英明
许睿
王鹏鹏
卢鹏程
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京东方科技集团股份有限公司
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Application filed by 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 filed Critical 京东方科技集团股份有限公司
Priority to US15/742,102 priority Critical patent/US10467452B2/en
Publication of WO2018028330A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018028330A1/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/13306—Circuit arrangements or driving methods for the control of single liquid crystal cells
    • G02F1/13318—Circuits comprising a photodetector
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/13338—Input devices, e.g. touch panels
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/133509—Filters, e.g. light shielding masks
    • G02F1/133512—Light shielding layers, e.g. black matrix
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/133528—Polarisers
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1343—Electrodes
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06V—IMAGE OR VIDEO RECOGNITION OR UNDERSTANDING
    • G06V40/00—Recognition of biometric, human-related or animal-related patterns in image or video data
    • G06V40/10—Human or animal bodies, e.g. vehicle occupants or pedestrians; Body parts, e.g. hands
    • G06V40/12—Fingerprints or palmprints
    • G06V40/13—Sensors therefor
    • G06V40/1318—Sensors therefor using electro-optical elements or layers, e.g. electroluminescent sensing
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/133388—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods with constructional differences between the display region and the peripheral region

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of display technologies, and in particular, to a fingerprint recognition display panel and a display device.
  • the fingerprint recognition display panel generally adopts a capacitive structure to realize the function of recognizing a fingerprint.
  • the in-line fingerprint identification display panel is provided with a capacitive fingerprint recognition component inside the display panel, which is advantageous for the display panel to be thin and light.
  • the capacitive fingerprint recognition component easily generates parasitic capacitance with components inside the display panel, so that the fingerprint recognition detection signal and the display signal interfere with each other, thereby affecting the quality of fingerprint recognition.
  • the photosensitive characteristic such as the PIN junction
  • the photosensitive sensing unit is integrated inside the display panel to realize high-quality fingerprint recognition.
  • the photosensitive sensing unit When the photosensitive sensing unit is disposed on the array substrate, the external light is irradiated to the photosensitive sensing unit through the opening region of the black matrix BM, and the light reflection phenomenon of the display panel is caused by the reflection of the reflective film layer, thereby causing display failure.
  • the embodiments of the present invention provide a fingerprint identification display panel and a display device for solving the problem of light leakage caused by the opening area of the light shielding layer in the display panel of the existing integrated photosensitive sensing unit.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides a fingerprint identification display panel.
  • the fingerprint identification display panel includes: an opposite array substrate and an opposite substrate, an upper polarizer disposed on a side of the opposite substrate facing away from the array substrate, and located on the array substrate and the opposite substrate a plurality of photosensitive sensing units arranged in an array on the side of the array substrate facing the opposite substrate, and a side of the opposite substrate facing away from the array substrate or the pair a light shielding layer facing the substrate on a side of the array substrate; wherein the light shielding layer is provided with a first opening area at a position corresponding to the photosensitive sensing unit, and a second opening is provided at a position corresponding to the pixel display area a region; in the liquid crystal layer at a position corresponding to the first opening region, an initial direction of a long axis of the liquid crystal molecule is at an angle of 45 degrees with a direction of a transmission axis of the upper polarizer; and in the first opening The liquid crystal layer at the corresponding position of the region is
  • a thickness of the liquid crystal layer at a corresponding position of the first opening region satisfies the following formula:
  • n e is a refractive index of liquid crystal molecules with respect to e-light having a polarization direction parallel to the optical axis
  • n o is a refractive index of liquid crystal molecules with respect to o-light of a polarization direction perpendicular to the optical axis
  • d is corresponding to the first opening region
  • the thickness of the liquid crystal layer at the position, n is a positive integer, and ⁇ is the wavelength of light passing through the liquid crystal layer at a position corresponding to the first opening region.
  • the fingerprint identification display panel provided by the embodiment of the present invention further includes: a thickness adjustment layer located at the first opening area; the thickness adjustment layer is disposed on the photosensitive sensing Between the unit and the array substrate, and/or disposed on a side of the photosensitive sensing unit facing the liquid crystal layer, and/or disposed on a side of the opposite substrate facing the liquid crystal layer; a thickness of the sensing unit, a thickness of the thickness adjusting layer, and a thickness of the liquid crystal layer at a position corresponding to the first opening region are equal to a thickness of the liquid crystal layer at a corresponding position of the second opening region .
  • the thickness adjustment layer is a resin layer.
  • a deflection state of liquid crystal molecules of the liquid crystal layer at a corresponding position of the first opening region satisfies the following formula:
  • n eff is the refractive index of the deflected liquid crystal molecules with respect to the e-light having a polarization direction parallel to the optical axis
  • n o is the refractive index of the liquid crystal molecules after the deflection for the polarization direction perpendicular to the optical axis
  • d is The thickness of the liquid crystal layer at a position corresponding to the first opening region
  • n is a positive integer
  • ⁇ is a wavelength of light passing through the liquid crystal layer at a position corresponding to the first opening region.
  • the fingerprint identification display panel provided by the embodiment of the present invention further includes: an electrode structure disposed at the first opening region for adjusting a deflection state of the liquid crystal molecules.
  • the electrode structure includes: an upper electrode disposed on a side of the opposite substrate facing the liquid crystal layer, and is disposed on The array substrate faces a lower electrode on one side of the liquid crystal layer.
  • the lower electrode is a photodiode-connected fixed potential electrode in the photosensitive sensing unit.
  • the embodiment of the invention further provides a display device, which comprises the fingerprint identification display panel provided by the embodiment of the invention.
  • the fingerprint recognition display panel and the display device provided by the embodiment of the present invention set the initial direction of the long axis of the liquid crystal molecule to the liquid crystal layer corresponding to the first opening region corresponding to the photosensitive sensing unit in the light shielding layer.
  • the direction of the transmission axis of the upper polarizer is at an angle of 45 degrees, and the liquid crystal layer at the corresponding position of the first opening region is controlled to form an equivalent quarter-wave plate.
  • the circularly polarized light is synthesized, and the circularly polarized light is reflected by the reflective film layer under the photosensitive sensing unit, and then rotated, and the equivalent state is changed again.
  • the linearly polarized light formed after the quarter-wave plate is perpendicular to the direction of the transmission axis of the upper polarizer, so that it cannot be emitted through the upper polarizer, thereby preventing the light leakage.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a photosensitive sensing unit disposed in a display panel in the prior art
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a fingerprint identification display panel according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a change in optical characteristics in a fingerprint identification display panel according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • 4a to 4c are respectively a schematic structural diagram of a first mode in a fingerprint identification display panel according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a second manner in a fingerprint identification display panel according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the fingerprint identification display panel provided by the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 2, includes: an array substrate 100 and an opposite substrate 200 disposed opposite to each other, and an upper polarizer disposed on a side of the opposite substrate 200 facing away from the array substrate 100 400, a liquid crystal layer 500 between the array substrate 100 and the opposite substrate 200, a plurality of photosensitive sensing units 600 arranged in an array on the side of the array substrate 100 facing the opposite substrate 100, and disposed on the opposite substrate 200
  • the light shielding layer 700 faces away from the array substrate 100 side or the opposite substrate 200 faces the array substrate 100 side.
  • the light shielding layer 700 is provided with a first opening area A at a position corresponding to the photosensitive sensing unit 600, and a second opening area B is provided at a position corresponding to the pixel display area.
  • the light shielding layer 700 is provided on the counter substrate 200 as an example.
  • a light shielding layer may be disposed between the opposite substrate 200 and the upper polarizer 400, and in the first opening region and An optical adhesive is disposed in the second opening region.
  • the long axis of the liquid crystal molecules The initial direction is at an angle of 45 degrees with the direction of the transmission axis of the upper polarizer 400; and the liquid crystal layer 500 at the corresponding position of the first opening region A is an equivalent quarter wave plate 501.
  • the light shielding layer 700 in the fingerprint identification display panel provided by the embodiment of the present invention is generally implemented by using a black matrix layer.
  • the lower polarizer 300 disposed on the side of the array substrate 100 facing away from the opposite substrate 200 may be further included.
  • the lower polarizer 300 may not be provided, and the backlight module that provides polarized light may be directly used, and details are not described herein.
  • the initial direction of the long axis of the liquid crystal molecules is 45 degrees with the transmission axis direction of the upper polarizer 400. angle. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 3, the linearly polarized light formed from the ambient light after passing through the upper polarizer 400 is at an angle of 45 with respect to the optical axis of the equivalent quarter-wave plate 501.
  • the light can be decomposed into e-light having a polarization direction parallel to the optical axis and o-light having a polarization direction perpendicular to the optical axis.
  • the propagation speeds of the e-light and the o-light in the equivalent quarter-wave plate 501 are different.
  • the thickness of the equivalent quarter-wave plate 501 is exactly (n + 1/4) ⁇ of the incident light, the linearly polarized light can be synthesized after passing through the quarter-wave plate 501.
  • the circularly polarized light is reflected by the reflection film layer 601 under the photosensitive sensing unit 600, and the rotation state changes.
  • the polarization direction of the linearly polarized light formed is perpendicular to the direction of the transmission axis of the upper polarizer 400 due to the action of the quarter-wave plate, so that the upper polarizer cannot pass.
  • the 400 exit (shown by the arrow in Figure 2) achieves the effect of preventing light leakage.
  • an equivalent quarter-wave plate 501 needs to be disposed between the upper polarizer 400 and the reflective film layer 601 under the photosensitive sensing unit 600.
  • the wavelength of visible light ranges from about 380 to 780 nm, and n is a positive integer.
  • the thickness d of the equivalent quarter-wave plate 501 calculated by the formula is very small, and it is very difficult to be limited by the process if a conventional quarter-wave plate is used.
  • the liquid crystal layer 500 at the corresponding position of the first opening area A forms an equivalent quarter wave plate 501, which is easy to realize for the equivalent quarter wave.
  • the thickness of the sheet 501 is adjusted.
  • the initial direction of the long axis of the liquid crystal molecules and the direction of the transmission axis of the upper polarizer 400 are 45.
  • the first opening area A is separately The alignment substrate (PI) on the corresponding substrate and the alignment layer (PI) on the opposite substrate are oriented by laser rubbing to ensure that the ambient light incident on the first opening region A passes through the upper polarizer 400 and is linearly polarized.
  • the optical axis of the equivalent quarter-wave plate 501 is at a specific angle of 45°.
  • the equivalent quarter-wave plate 501 in the liquid crystal layer 500 at the corresponding position of the first opening area A the following two requirements can be adopted in the above-mentioned fingerprint identification display panel provided by the embodiment of the present invention. Ways to achieve.
  • the thickness of the liquid crystal layer 500 at the corresponding position of the first opening area A can be controlled to satisfy the following formula:
  • n e is the refractive index of the liquid crystal molecules for the e-light having a polarization direction parallel to the optical axis
  • n o is the refractive index of the liquid crystal molecules with respect to the o-light of the polarization direction perpendicular to the optical axis
  • d is the corresponding position of the first opening region A
  • n is a positive integer
  • ⁇ is the wavelength of light passing through the liquid crystal layer 500 at the position corresponding to the first opening region A.
  • yellow light of about 500 nm is selected as a standard value.
  • the control may be performed on the photosensitive sensing unit 600 by adjusting the thickness of the photosensitive sensing unit 600.
  • the effect of the thickness of the liquid crystal layer 500 Specifically, the sum of the thickness of the photosensitive sensing unit 600 and the thickness of the liquid crystal layer 500 at the position corresponding to the first opening area A needs to be equal to the thickness of the liquid crystal layer 500 at the corresponding position of the second opening area B.
  • the thickness adjustment layer 800 may be disposed between the photosensitive sensing unit 600 and the array substrate 100.
  • the thickness adjustment layer 800 may also be disposed on a side of the photosensitive sensing unit 600 facing the liquid crystal layer 500.
  • the thickness adjustment layer 800 may also be disposed on a side of the opposite substrate 200 facing the liquid crystal layer 500.
  • the thickness adjustment layer 800 can also be disposed at three positions or any two positions in FIG. 4a to FIG. 4c at the same time. There is no limit here. Also, the thickness of the thickness adjustment layer 800 needs to satisfy the following conditions: the thickness of the photosensitive sensing unit 600, the thickness of the thickness adjustment layer 800, and the thickness of the liquid crystal layer 500 at the position corresponding to the first opening area A are equal to the second opening area. B corresponds to the thickness of the liquid crystal layer 500 at the position.
  • the thickness adjustment layer 800 is preferably placed between the photosensitive sensing unit 600 and the array substrate 100.
  • the thickness adjustment layer 800 is generally made of a resin layer.
  • the deflection state of the liquid crystal molecules of the liquid crystal layer 500 at the corresponding position of the first opening area A can satisfy the following formula:
  • n eff is the refractive index of the deflected liquid crystal molecules with respect to the e-light whose polarization direction is parallel to the optical axis
  • n o is the refractive index of the liquid crystal molecules after the deflection for the polarization direction perpendicular to the optical axis
  • d is the first
  • the thickness of the liquid crystal layer 500 at a position corresponding to the opening area A, n is a positive integer, and ⁇ is the wavelength of light passing through the liquid crystal layer 500 at the corresponding position of the first opening area A, and the wavelength is generally selected as yellow light of about 500 nm. standard value.
  • the electric field can be loaded by adjusting the liquid crystal layer 500 at the corresponding position of the first opening area A.
  • the effect of controlling the deflection state of the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer 500 above the photosensitive sensing unit 600 is achieved in a size manner.
  • the fingerprint identification display panel provided by the embodiment of the present invention further includes: an electrode disposed at the first opening area A for adjusting the deflection state of the liquid crystal molecules. Structure 900.
  • the electrode structure 900 in the fingerprint identification display panel provided by the embodiment of the present invention may be implemented in various manners.
  • the electrode structure may include: the anode substrate 200 is disposed facing the liquid crystal layer 500.
  • the upper electrode 901 on the side and the lower electrode 902 disposed on the side of the array substrate 100 facing the liquid crystal layer 500.
  • the deflection state of the liquid crystal molecules is controlled to be deflected to a specific angle to satisfy the requirement of the refractive index of the e-light having a polarization direction parallel to the optical axis.
  • powering off The pole 902 can multiplex the photodiode-connected fixed potential electrode in the photosensitive sensing unit 600.
  • the upper electrode 901 needs to be added to realize the function of the electrode structure 900.
  • the second mode of the present invention for providing the liquid crystal layer 500 at the corresponding position of the first opening region A to form the equivalent quarter-wave plate 501 satisfies the requirement is:
  • the liquid crystal molecules can be deflected to a specific angle by adjusting the pressure difference of the electrode structure 900, so as to realize the function of preventing light leakage, and the actual operation and fabrication are more convenient.
  • an embodiment of the present invention further provides a display device, including the above-mentioned fingerprint identification display panel provided by the embodiment of the present invention, which may be: a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a television, a display, a notebook computer, and a digital device. Any product or component that has a display function, such as a photo frame or a navigator.
  • a display device including the above-mentioned fingerprint identification display panel provided by the embodiment of the present invention, which may be: a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a television, a display, a notebook computer, and a digital device. Any product or component that has a display function, such as a photo frame or a navigator.
  • the display device reference may be made to the embodiment of the fingerprint identification display panel described above, and the repeated description is omitted.
  • the fingerprint identification display panel and the display device provided by the embodiment of the present invention set the initial direction of the long axis of the liquid crystal molecule to be the upper layer of the liquid crystal layer corresponding to the first opening region corresponding to the photosensitive sensing unit in the light shielding layer.
  • the direction of the transmission axis of the polarizer is at an angle of 45 degrees, and the liquid crystal layer at the corresponding position of the first opening region is controlled to form an equivalent quarter-wave plate.
  • the circularly polarized light is synthesized, and the circularly polarized light is reflected by the reflective film layer under the photosensitive sensing unit, and then rotated, and the equivalent state is changed again.
  • the linearly polarized light formed after the quarter-wave plate is perpendicular to the direction of the transmission axis of the upper polarizer, so that it cannot be emitted through the upper polarizer, thereby preventing the light leakage.

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  • Nonlinear Science (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mathematical Physics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
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Abstract

一种指纹识别显示面板及显示装置。针对遮光层（700）中对应于光敏感应单元（600）设置的第一开口区域（A）对应位置处的液晶层（500），将其液晶分子长轴的初始方向设置为与上偏光片（400）的透光轴方向呈45度夹角，并控制第一开口区域（A）对应位置处的液晶层（500）以形成等效四分之一波片（501）。以便使从上偏光片（400）入射的线偏振光经过等效四分之一波片（501）后合成圆偏振光，圆偏振光经过光敏感应单元（600）下方的反射膜层（601）的反射后旋转状态发生变化，再次经过等效四分之一波片（501）之后形成的线偏振光与上偏光片（400）的透光轴方向垂直，从而不能通过上偏光片（400）出射，达到防止漏光的作用。

Description

指纹识别显示面板及显示装置
相关申请
本申请要求保护在2016年8月8日提交的申请号为201610643393.7的中国专利申请的优先权，该申请的全部内容以引用的方式结合到本文中。
技术领域
本发明涉及显示技术领域，尤其涉及一种指纹识别显示面板及显示装置。
背景技术
随着显示技术的飞速发展，具有指纹识别功能的显示面板已经逐渐遍及人们的生活中。目前，指纹识别显示面板一般采用电容式结构实现识别指纹的功能。例如，内嵌式指纹识别显示面板是将电容式指纹识别部件设置在显示面板内部，其有利于显示面板轻薄化。但电容式指纹识别部件容易与显示面板内部的部件产生寄生电容，使指纹识别检测信号和显示信号之间相互干扰，从而影响指纹识别的质量。
因此，为避免上述问题，可以利用诸如PIN结的光敏特性，采用光敏感应单元集成于显示面板内部，以实现高质量的指纹识别。并且，为了不影响显示面板的开口率，需要将实现指纹识别的光敏感应单元放置于黑矩阵所在区域。此外，根据光敏感应单元的感光特性，需要对黑矩阵相对应位置进行开口处理，以便露出光敏感应单元来感测手指反射的光线。如图1所示，在光敏感应单元下方存在一些反光膜层(例如PIN结的下金属电极)。在光敏感应单元设置于阵列基板上时，外部光线通过黑矩阵BM的开口区域照射到光敏感应单元后，经过反光膜层反射会引起显示面板的漏光现象，造成显示不良。
发明内容
有鉴于此，本发明实施例提供了一种指纹识别显示面板及显示装置，用以解决现有集成光敏感应单元的显示面板中由于遮光层开口区域引起的漏光问题。
因此，本发明实施例提供了一种指纹识别显示面板。所述指纹识别显示面板包括：相对而置的阵列基板和对向基板，设置于所述对向基板背离所述阵列基板一侧的上偏光片，位于所述阵列基板与所述对向基板之间的液晶层，设置于所述阵列基板面向所述对向基板一侧的呈阵列排布的多个光敏感应单元，以及设置于所述对向基板背离所述阵列基板一侧或所述对向基板面向所述阵列基板一侧的遮光层；其中，所述遮光层在对应所述光敏感应单元的位置处设置有第一开口区域，以及在对应像素显示区域的位置处设置有第二开口区域；在所述第一开口区域对应位置处的所述液晶层中，液晶分子长轴的初始方向与所述上偏光片的透光轴方向呈45度夹角；且在所述第一开口区域对应位置处的所述液晶层是等效四分之一波片。
在一种可能的实现方式中，在本发明实施例提供的上述指纹识别显示面板中，在所述第一开口区域对应位置处的所述液晶层的厚度满足以下公式：
(ne-no)d＝1/4λ+nλ；
其中，ne为液晶分子对于偏振方向平行于光轴的e光的折射率，no为液晶分子对于偏振方向垂直于光轴的o光的折射率，d为在所述第一开口区域对应位置处的所述液晶层的厚度，n为正整数，λ为经过在所述第一开口区域对应位置处的所述液晶层的光的波长。
在一种可能的实现方式中，在本发明实施例提供的上述指纹识别显示面板中，所述光敏感应单元的厚度与在所述第一开口区域对应位置处的所述液晶层的厚度之和等于在所述第二开口区域对应位置处的所述液晶层的厚度。
在一种可能的实现方式中，在本发明实施例提供的上述指纹识别显示面板中，还包括：位于所述第一开口区域处的厚度调节层；所述厚度调节层设置于所述光敏感应单元与所述阵列基板之间，和/或设置于所述光敏感应单元面向所述液晶层的一侧，和/或设置于所述对向基板面向所述液晶层的一侧；所述光敏感应单元的厚度、所述厚度调节层的厚度与在所述第一开口区域对应位置处的所述液晶层的厚度之和等于在所述第二开口区域对应位置处的所述液晶层的厚度。
在一种可能的实现方式中，在本发明实施例提供的上述指纹识别显示面板中，所述厚度调节层为树脂层。
在一种可能的实现方式中，在本发明实施例提供的上述指纹识别显示面板中，在所述第一开口区域对应位置处的所述液晶层的液晶分子的偏转状态满足以下公式：
(neff-no)d＝1/4λ+nλ；
其中，neff为偏转后的液晶分子对于偏振方向平行于光轴的e光的折射率，no为偏转后的液晶分子对于偏振方向垂直于光轴的o光的折射率，d为在所述第一开口区域对应位置处的所述液晶层的厚度，n为正整数，λ为经过在所述第一开口区域对应位置处的所述液晶层的光的波长。
在一种可能的实现方式中，在本发明实施例提供的上述指纹识别显示面板中，还包括：设置于所述第一开口区域处的用于调节液晶分子的偏转状态的电极结构。
在一种可能的实现方式中，在本发明实施例提供的上述指纹识别显示面板中，所述电极结构包括：设置于所述对向基板面向所述液晶层一侧的上电极，和设置于所述阵列基板面向所述液晶层一侧的下电极。
在一种可能的实现方式中，在本发明实施例提供的上述指纹识别显示面板中，所述下电极为所述光敏感应单元中的光敏二极管连接的固定电位电极。
本发明实施例还提供了一种显示装置，包括本发明实施例提供的上述指纹识别显示面板。
本发明实施例提供的一种指纹识别显示面板及显示装置，针对遮光层中对应于光敏感应单元设置的第一开口区域对应位置处的液晶层，将其液晶分子长轴的初始方向设置为与上偏光片的透光轴方向呈45度夹角，并控制第一开口区域对应位置处的液晶层以形成等效四分之一波片。以便使从上偏光片入射的线偏振光经过等效四分之一波片后合成圆偏振光，圆偏振光经过光敏感应单元下方的反射膜层的反射后旋转状态发生变化，再次经过等效四分之一波片之后形成的线偏振光与上偏光片的透光轴方向垂直，从而不能通过上偏光片出射，达到防止漏光的作用。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为现有技术中显示面板内设置光敏感应单元的结构示意图；
图2为本发明实施例提供的指纹识别显示面板的结构示意图；
图3为本发明实施例提供的指纹识别显示面板中光特性变化的原理图；
图4a至图4c分别为本发明实施例提供的指纹识别显示面板中第一种方式的结构示意图；以及
图5为本发明实施例提供的指纹识别显示面板中第二种方式的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图，对本发明实施例提供的指纹识别显示面板及显示装置的具体实施方式进行详细地说明。
附图中各部件的形状和大小不反映指纹识别显示面板的真实比例，目的只是示意说明本发明内容。
本发明实施例提供的一种指纹识别显示面板，如图2所示，包括：相对而置的阵列基板100和对向基板200，设置于对向基板200背离阵列基板100一侧的上偏光片400，位于阵列基板100与对向基板200之间的液晶层500，设置于阵列基板100面向对向基板100一侧的呈阵列排布的多个光敏感应单元600，以及设置于对向基板200背离所述阵列基板100一侧或对向基板200面向阵列基板100一侧的遮光层700。遮光层700在对应光敏感应单元600的位置处设置有第一开口区域A，以及在对应像素显示区域的位置处设置有第二开口区域B。在图2中，以遮光层700设置在对向基板200上为例进行说明。当遮光层设置在对向基板100背离所述阵列基板200一侧时，可以将遮光层设置在所述对向基板200和所述上偏光片400之间，并在所述第一开口区域和第二开口区域中布置光学胶(optical adhesive)。
在第一开口区域A对应位置处的液晶层500中，液晶分子长轴的 初始方向与上偏光片400的透光轴方向呈45度夹角；且在第一开口区域A对应位置处的液晶层500是等效四分之一波片501。
值得注意的是，在本发明实施例提供的上述指纹识别显示面板中的遮光层700一般采用黑矩阵层实现。并且，在本发明实施例提供的上述指纹识别显示面板中，如图2所示，一般还可以包括：设置于阵列基板100背离对向基板200一侧的下偏光片300。当然，也可以不设置下偏光片300，直接采用提供偏振光的背光模组，在此不作赘述。
在本发明实施例提供的上述指纹识别显示面板中，在第一开口区域A对应位置处的液晶层500中，液晶分子长轴的初始方向与上偏光片400的透光轴方向呈45度夹角。因此，如图3所示，当从环境光经过上偏光片400后形成的线偏振光相对于等效四分之一波片501的光轴成45°夹角。该光线可以分解为偏振方向平行于光轴的e光和偏振方向垂直于光轴的o光。因等效四分之一波片501的光轴方向ne和垂直光轴方向no的不同，导致e光和o光在等效四分之一波片501中的传播速度不同。当等效四分之一波片501的厚度正好为入射光的(n+1/4)λ时，线偏振光经过四分之一波片501之后可以合成圆偏振光。圆偏振光经过光敏感应单元600下方的反射膜层601的反射后旋转状态发生变化。再次经过等效四分之一波片501之后，由于四分之一波片的作用，形成的线偏振光的偏振方向与上偏光片400的透光轴方向相互垂直，从而不能通过上偏光片400出射(如图2中的箭头所示)，达到防止漏光的作用。
根据上述的分析可知，在本发明实施例提供的上述指纹识别显示面板中，需要在上偏光片400与光敏感应单元600下方的反射膜层601之间设置等效四分之一波片501，且等效四分之一波片501厚度d需要满足公式(ne-no)d＝1/4λ+nλ。可见光的波长范围约为380-780nm，n为正整数。通过公式计算出的等效四分之一波片501厚度d非常小，若采用常规的四分之一波片受工艺限制非常困难。因此，在本发明实施例提供的上述指纹识别显示面板中，在第一开口区域A对应位置处的液晶层500形成等效四分之一波片501，易于实现对于等效四分之一波片501的厚度调节。
在具体实施时，为了保证在第一开口区域A对应位置处的液晶层500中，液晶分子长轴的初始方向与上偏光片400的透光轴方向呈45 度夹角，在本发明实施例提供的上述指纹识别显示面板的制作过程中，在对阵列基板和对向基板上的取向层(PI)进行正面的摩擦取向后，单独对第一开口区域A对应位置的阵列基板和对向基板上的取向层(PI)采用激光摩擦(Rubbing)的方式进行取向，以保证在第一开口区域A入射的环境光经过上偏光片400后形成的线偏振光相对于等效四分之一波片501的光轴成特定的45°夹角。
具体地，为了在第一开口区域A对应位置处的液晶层500形成等效四分之一波片501以满足上述要求，在本发明实施例提供的上述指纹识别显示面板中可以采用下述两种方式实现。
第一种方式：在具体实施时，在本发明实施例提供的上述指纹识别显示面板中，可以控制在第一开口区域A对应位置处的液晶层500的厚度满足以下公式：
(ne-no)d＝1/4λ+nλ；
其中，ne为液晶分子对于偏振方向平行于光轴的e光的折射率，no为液晶分子对于偏振方向垂直于光轴的o光的折射率，d为在第一开口区域A对应位置处的液晶层500的厚度，n为正整数，λ为经过在第一开口区域A对应位置处的液晶层500的光的波长，该波长一般选择500nm左右的黄光作为标准值。
具体地，为了使在第一开口区域A对应位置处的液晶层500的厚度满足上述条件，在具体实施时，可以通过调整光敏感应单元600的厚度的方式，实现控制在光敏感应单元600之上的液晶层500厚度的效果。具体地，光敏感应单元600的厚度与在第一开口区域A对应位置处的液晶层500的厚度之和需要等于在第二开口区域B对应位置处的液晶层500的厚度。
或者，在具体实施时，如图4a至图4c所示，也可以通过在指纹识别显示面板中增加位于第一开口区域A处的厚度调节层800的方式，实现控制第一开口区域A处的液晶层500厚度的效果。具体地，如图4a所示，厚度调节层800可以设置于光敏感应单元600与阵列基板100之间。或者，如图4b所示，厚度调节层800也可以设置于光敏感应单元600面向液晶层500的一侧。或者，如图4c所示，厚度调节层800还可以设置于对向基板200面向液晶层500的一侧。当然，厚度调节层800还可以同时设置在图4a至图4c中的三个位置或任意两个位置， 在此不做限定。并且，厚度调节层800的厚度需要满足以下条件：光敏感应单元600的厚度、厚度调节层800的厚度与在第一开口区域A对应位置处的液晶层500的厚度之和等于在第二开口区域B对应位置处的液晶层500的厚度。
可选地，为了使厚度调节层800的设置不影响光敏感应单有600的感应手指反射的光线，厚度调节层优选放置于光敏感应单元600与阵列基板100之间。
在具体实施时，在本发明实施例提供的上述指纹识别显示面板中，厚度调节层800一般选用树脂层制作。
第二种方式：在具体实施时，在本发明实施例提供的上述指纹识别显示面板中，可以控制在第一开口区域A对应位置处的液晶层500的液晶分子的偏转状态满足以下公式：
(neff-no)d＝1/4λ+nλ；
其中，neff为偏转后的液晶分子对于偏振方向平行于光轴的e光的折射率，no为偏转后的液晶分子对于偏振方向垂直于光轴的o光的折射率，d为在第一开口区域A对应位置处的液晶层500的厚度，n为正整数，λ为经过在第一开口区域A对应位置处的液晶层500的光的波长，该波长一般选择500nm左右的黄光作为标准值。
具体地，为了使在第一开口区域A对应位置处的液晶层500中液晶分子的偏转状态满足上述条件，在具体实施时，可以通过调整第一开口区域A对应位置处的液晶层500加载电场大小的方式，实现控制在光敏感应单元600之上的液晶层500中液晶分子的偏转状态的效果。
基于此，在具体实施时，本发明实施例提供的上述指纹识别显示面板中，如图5所示，还需要包括：设置于第一开口区域A处的用于调节液晶分子的偏转状态的电极结构900。
具体地，本发明实施例提供的上述指纹识别显示面板中的电极结构900的实施方式可以有多种，例如如图5所示，电极结构可以包括：设置于对向基板200面向液晶层500一侧的上电极901，和设置于阵列基板100面向液晶层500一侧的下电极902。通过调整上电极901和下电极902加载的电压差，从而控制液晶分子的偏转状态，使其偏转到特定角度，以满足对于偏振方向平行于光轴的e光的折射率的要求。
可选地，在本发明实施例提供的上述指纹识别显示面板中，下电 极902可以复用光敏感应单元600中的光敏二极管连接的固定电位电极。这样仅需增加上电极901即可实现电极结构900的功能。
相对于第一种方式，本发明实施例提供的上述使在第一开口区域A对应位置处的液晶层500形成等效四分之一波片501满足要求的第二种方式的优点在于：当液晶盒厚一定时，通过调节电极结构900的压差即可使得液晶分子偏转到特定角度，以实现防漏光的作用，实际操作和制作更加方便。
基于同一发明构思，本发明实施例还提供了一种显示装置，包括本发明实施例提供的上述指纹识别显示面板，该显示装置可以为：手机、平板电脑、电视机、显示器、笔记本电脑、数码相框、导航仪等任何具有显示功能的产品或部件。该显示装置的实施可以参见上述指纹识别显示面板的实施例，重复之处不再赘述。
本发明实施例提供的上述指纹识别显示面板及显示装置，针对遮光层中对应于光敏感应单元设置的第一开口区域对应位置处的液晶层，将其液晶分子长轴的初始方向设置为与上偏光片的透光轴方向呈45度夹角，并控制第一开口区域对应位置处的液晶层以形成等效四分之一波片。以便使从上偏光片入射的线偏振光经过等效四分之一波片后合成圆偏振光，圆偏振光经过光敏感应单元下方的反射膜层的反射后旋转状态发生变化，再次经过等效四分之一波片之后形成的线偏振光与上偏光片的透光轴方向垂直，从而不能通过上偏光片出射，达到防止漏光的作用。
显然，本领域的技术人员可以对本发明进行各种改动和变型而不脱离本发明的精神和范围。这样，倘若本发明的这些修改和变型属于本发明权利要求及其等同技术的范围之内，则本发明也意图包含这些改动和变型在内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种指纹识别显示面板，包括：相对而置的阵列基板和对向基板，设置于所述对向基板背离所述阵列基板一侧的上偏光片，位于所述阵列基板与所述对向基板之间的液晶层，设置于所述阵列基板面向所述对向基板一侧的呈阵列排布的多个光敏感应单元，以及设置于所述对向基板背离所述阵列基板一侧或所述对向基板面向所述阵列基板一侧的遮光层；其中，所述遮光层在对应所述光敏感应单元的位置处设置有第一开口区域，以及在对应像素显示区域的位置处设置有第二开口区域；
    在所述第一开口区域对应位置处的所述液晶层中，液晶分子长轴的初始方向与所述上偏光片的透光轴方向呈45度夹角；且在所述第一开口区域对应位置处的所述液晶层是等效四分之一波片。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的指纹识别显示面板，其中在所述第一开口区域对应位置处的所述液晶层的厚度满足以下公式：
    (ne-no)d＝1/4λ+nλ；
    其中，ne为液晶分子对于偏振方向平行于光轴的e光的折射率，no为液晶分子对于偏振方向垂直于光轴的o光的折射率，d为在所述第一开口区域对应位置处的所述液晶层的厚度，n为正整数，λ为经过在所述第一开口区域对应位置处的所述液晶层的光的波长。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的指纹识别显示面板，其中所述光敏感应单元的厚度与在所述第一开口区域对应位置处的所述液晶层的厚度之和等于在所述第二开口区域对应位置处的所述液晶层的厚度。
  4. 如权利要求2所述的指纹识别显示面板，还包括：位于所述第一开口区域处的厚度调节层；
    所述厚度调节层设置于所述光敏感应单元与所述阵列基板之间，和/或设置于所述光敏感应单元面向所述液晶层的一侧，和/或设置于所述对向基板面向所述液晶层的一侧；
    所述光敏感应单元的厚度、所述厚度调节层的厚度与在所述第一开口区域对应位置处的所述液晶层的厚度之和等于在所述第二开口区域对应位置处的所述液晶层的厚度。
  5. 如权利要求4所述的指纹识别显示面板，其中所述厚度调节层 为树脂层。
  6. 如权利要求1所述的指纹识别显示面板，其中在所述第一开口区域对应位置处的所述液晶层的液晶分子的偏转状态满足以下公式：
    (neff-no)d＝1/4λ+nλ；
    其中，neff为偏转后的液晶分子对于偏振方向平行于光轴的e光的折射率，no为偏转后的液晶分子对于偏振方向垂直于光轴的o光的折射率，d为在所述第一开口区域对应位置处的所述液晶层的厚度，n为正整数，λ为经过在所述第一开口区域对应位置处的所述液晶层的光的波长。
  7. 如权利要求6所述的指纹识别显示面板，还包括：设置于所述第一开口区域处的用于调节液晶分子的偏转状态的电极结构。
  8. 如权利要求7所述的指纹识别显示面板，其中所述电极结构包括：设置于所述对向基板面向所述液晶层一侧的上电极，和设置于所述阵列基板面向所述液晶层一侧的下电极。
  9. 如权利要求8所述的指纹识别显示面板，其中所述下电极为所述光敏感应单元中的光敏二极管连接的固定电位电极。
  10. 一种显示装置，包括如权利要求1-9任一项所述的指纹识别显示面板。
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