WO2018020533A1 - Dispositif de traitement d'images, système de réplication et procédé de réplication - Google Patents

Dispositif de traitement d'images, système de réplication et procédé de réplication Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018020533A1
WO2018020533A1 PCT/JP2016/004920 JP2016004920W WO2018020533A1 WO 2018020533 A1 WO2018020533 A1 WO 2018020533A1 JP 2016004920 W JP2016004920 W JP 2016004920W WO 2018020533 A1 WO2018020533 A1 WO 2018020533A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
height
information
layer
convex portion
height distribution
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PCT/JP2016/004920
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
島崎　浩昭
田中　義人
美馬　邦啓
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パナソニックＩｐマネジメント株式会社
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Publication of WO2018020533A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018020533A1/fr

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41J—TYPEWRITERS; SELECTIVE PRINTING MECHANISMS, i.e. MECHANISMS PRINTING OTHERWISE THAN FROM A FORME; CORRECTION OF TYPOGRAPHICAL ERRORS
    • B41J5/00—Devices or arrangements for controlling character selection
    • B41J5/30—Character or syllable selection controlled by recorded information
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41J—TYPEWRITERS; SELECTIVE PRINTING MECHANISMS, i.e. MECHANISMS PRINTING OTHERWISE THAN FROM A FORME; CORRECTION OF TYPOGRAPHICAL ERRORS
    • B41J21/00—Column, tabular or like printing arrangements; Means for centralising short lines
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
    • G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
    • G01B11/24—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring contours or curvatures

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to an image processing device that generates data for duplicating an object having a convex portion, a duplication system that duplicates an object having a convex portion, and a duplication method.
  • Patent Document 1 discloses an image processing apparatus that generates stereoscopic image data by adding height direction information to a planar original image. This image processing apparatus makes it possible to realistically express shadows and textures by adding height information to each region separated based on focus information of original image data.
  • the present disclosure provides an image processing apparatus, a duplication system, and a duplication method effective for duplicating an object having a convex portion.
  • the image processing apparatus includes a control unit and an output unit.
  • the control unit inputs height information obtained by measuring the shape of the convex portion formed on the surface of the object, and identifies the convex portion as a plurality of layers including at least the first layer and the second layer. To do.
  • a control part produces
  • a control part produces
  • the output unit outputs the first height distribution information and the second height distribution information.
  • the replication system includes an image processing device and a printing device.
  • the image processing apparatus includes a control unit and an output unit.
  • the control unit inputs height information obtained by measuring the shape of the convex portion formed on the surface of the object, and identifies the convex portion as a plurality of layers including at least the first layer and the second layer. To do.
  • a control part produces
  • a control part produces
  • the output unit outputs the first height distribution information and the second height distribution information.
  • the printing apparatus performs printing based on the first height distribution information and the second height distribution information, and generates a duplicate of the object.
  • the convex portion includes at least two of the first layer and the second layer. Identify the layers.
  • the first height distribution information indicating the height distribution of the surface of the object is generated based on the first height information indicating the height of the first layer among the height information.
  • second height distribution information indicating the height distribution of the surface of the object is generated based on the second height information indicating the height of the second layer among the height information.
  • the first height distribution information and the second height distribution information are output.
  • printing is performed based on the first height distribution information and the second height distribution information, and a duplicate of the object is generated.
  • the image processing apparatus, the duplication system, and the duplication method according to the present disclosure are effective for duplicating an object having a convex portion.
  • FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of a replication system according to the first embodiment.
  • FIG. 2 is a diagram for explaining imaging of a picture by the imaging apparatus according to the first embodiment.
  • FIG. 3 is a side view of the imaging apparatus according to the first embodiment.
  • FIG. 4A is a diagram for explaining a relationship between an illumination angle and a shadow at the time of imaging in the first embodiment.
  • FIG. 4B is a diagram for explaining a relationship between an illumination angle and a shadow at the time of imaging in the first embodiment.
  • FIG. 5 is a flowchart for explaining the image processing operation according to the first embodiment.
  • FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating an example of a cross section of a duplicate image formed by printing by the printing apparatus according to the first embodiment.
  • FIG. 7 is a diagram for explaining image duplication in the second embodiment.
  • FIG. 8A is a diagram for explaining generation of height distribution information and printing processing according to the second embodiment.
  • FIG. 8B is a diagram for explaining generation of height distribution information and printing processing according to the second embodiment.
  • FIG. 8C is a diagram for describing generation and printing processing of height distribution information according to the second embodiment.
  • FIG. 8D is a diagram for describing generation and printing processing of height distribution information according to the second embodiment.
  • FIG. 8E is a diagram for describing generation and printing processing of height distribution information according to the second embodiment.
  • FIG. 9 is a diagram for explaining image duplication in the third embodiment.
  • FIG. 10A is a diagram for describing generation and printing processing of height distribution information according to the third embodiment.
  • FIG. 10A is a diagram for describing generation and printing processing of height distribution information according to the third embodiment.
  • FIG. 10B is a diagram for describing generation of height distribution information and printing processing according to the third embodiment.
  • FIG. 10C is a diagram for describing generation and printing processing of height distribution information according to the third embodiment.
  • FIG. 10D is a diagram for explaining generation of height distribution information and printing processing according to the third embodiment.
  • FIG. 10E is a diagram for describing generation and printing processing of height distribution information according to the third embodiment.
  • FIG. 10F is a diagram for describing generation of height distribution information and printing processing in a comparative example.
  • FIG. 11A is a diagram for describing generation of height distribution information and printing processing according to another embodiment of the third embodiment.
  • FIG. 11B is a diagram for explaining generation of height distribution information and printing processing in another embodiment of the third embodiment.
  • FIG. 11C is a diagram for describing generation of height distribution information and printing processing in another embodiment of the third embodiment.
  • FIG. 11D is a diagram for explaining generation of height distribution information and printing processing according to another embodiment of the third embodiment.
  • FIG. 11E is a diagram for describing generation of height distribution information and printing processing in another embodiment of the third embodiment.
  • FIG. 11F is a diagram for describing generation of height distribution information and printing processing according to another embodiment of the third embodiment.
  • FIG. 11G is a diagram illustrating generation and printing processing of height distribution information according to another embodiment of the third embodiment.
  • FIG. 12A is a diagram schematically illustrating color image data according to the first embodiment.
  • FIG. 12B is a diagram illustrating the height distribution information according to the first embodiment as an image.
  • Embodiment 1 will be described with reference to the drawings.
  • a painting such as an oil painting may include a convex portion (thickness portion of the paint) formed by overpainting the paint.
  • the convex portion of the object is reproduced together with the color of the object (such as a painting). That is, the replication system of Embodiment 1 can generate a replica (replica) that reproduces the unevenness and color of an object.
  • FIG. 1 shows a configuration of a replication system according to the first embodiment.
  • the replication system 100 includes an imaging device 10, an image processing device 20, and a printing device 30.
  • the imaging device 10 captures an object (in the first embodiment, a painting) and generates image data.
  • the image processing device 20 processes the image data generated by the imaging device 10 and outputs image information (height distribution information, color image data, etc.) necessary for the reproduction of the painting.
  • the printing apparatus 30 performs printing based on the image information output from the image processing apparatus 20, and duplicates the painting.
  • configurations of the imaging device 10, the image processing device 20, and the printing device 30 will be described.
  • the imaging device 10 of Embodiment 1 is a scanner using a line scan camera.
  • the imaging device 10 includes an input / output unit 11, a control unit 12, a camera 13, a first illumination unit 14, a second illumination unit 15, and a moving device 16.
  • the input / output unit 11 includes an input unit 11a and a communication unit 11b.
  • the input unit 11a is a keyboard, a mouse, a touch panel, or the like.
  • the communication unit 11b includes an interface circuit for performing communication with an external device in conformity with a predetermined communication standard (for example, Local Area Network: LAN, WiFi).
  • a predetermined communication standard for example, Local Area Network: LAN, WiFi.
  • the imaging device 10 inputs an instruction to start imaging via the input unit 11a or the communication unit 11b. And the imaging device 10 outputs the image data produced
  • the control unit 12 controls the entire imaging apparatus 10. For example, the control unit 12 controls the moving device 16 based on the imaging start instruction input by the input unit 11a, and moves the camera 13, the first illumination unit 14, and the second illumination unit 15 simultaneously. In addition, the control unit 12 illuminates at least one of the first illumination unit 14 and the second illumination unit 15 with the camera 13, the first illumination unit 14, and the second illumination unit 15 moving simultaneously. Let And the control part 12 controls the camera 13 in the state in which the painting is illuminated, and makes the camera 13 image a painting.
  • the control unit 12 can be realized by a semiconductor element or the like. The function of the control unit 12 may be configured only by hardware, or may be realized by combining hardware and software.
  • the control unit 12 includes, for example, a microcomputer, a central processing unit: CPU, a micro-processing unit: MPU, a digital signal processor: DSP, a field-programmable gate array: FPGA, and an application spec.
  • the camera 13 includes an imaging unit 13a and a memory 13b.
  • the imaging unit 13a includes, for example, a Charge Coupled Device (CCD) line sensor or a Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor (CMOS) line sensor.
  • CCD Charge Coupled Device
  • CMOS Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor
  • the camera 13 scans and images a picture line by line.
  • the imaging unit 13a generates and captures image data of a picture for each line.
  • the image data includes color information (RGB or CMYK) for each pixel.
  • the image data captured by the imaging unit 13a is stored in the memory 13b. When the image data for each line stored in the memory 13b is combined, two-dimensional image data is generated.
  • the memory 13b can be realized by, for example, a Random Access Memory: RAM, a Dynamic Random Access Memory: DRAM, a ferroelectric memory, a flash memory, a magnetic disk, or a combination thereof.
  • the first illumination unit 14 and the second illumination unit 15 are scanning illumination light sources.
  • the first illuminating unit 14 and the second illuminating unit 15 are a high color rendering straight tube type fluorescent lamp, a line LED illumination in which high color rendering white light emitting diodes (LEDs) are linearly arranged, or the like. is there.
  • the first illumination unit 14 and the second illumination unit 15 are installed on both sides of the camera 13. Furthermore, the 1st illumination part 14 and the 2nd illumination part 15 are arrange
  • the moving device 16 is connected to the camera 13, the first illumination unit 14, and the second illumination unit 15.
  • the moving device 16 moves the camera 13, the first illumination unit 14, and the second illumination unit 15 in the scan direction.
  • the camera 13 can capture the picture line by line while moving.
  • the image processing device 20 includes an input / output unit 21, a control unit 22, and a memory 23.
  • the input / output unit 21 includes an input unit 21a and a communication unit 21b.
  • the communication unit 21b functions as an input unit and an output unit.
  • the input unit 21a is a keyboard, a mouse, a touch panel, or the like.
  • the communication unit 21b includes an interface circuit for performing communication with an external device in compliance with a predetermined communication standard (for example, LAN, WiFi). For example, when the user inputs an instruction for capturing image data via the input unit 21 a, the communication unit 21 b outputs a request for capturing image data to the imaging device 10.
  • the communication unit 21b receives the image data. Further, the communication unit 21 b outputs the height distribution information generated by the control unit 22 to the printing apparatus 30. Further, the communication unit 21b outputs the image data transmitted from the imaging device 10 to the printing device 30 as color image data (color information).
  • the control unit 22 controls the entire image processing apparatus 20.
  • the control unit 22 calculates the height of the convex portion formed on the surface of the painting from the length of the shadow included in the image of the image data received by the communication unit 21b.
  • Information indicating the calculated height is defined as height information.
  • height information of all the convex portions existing in the entire desired region of the surface of the object is generated.
  • the control part 22 produces
  • height data that represents the height of the surface of the painting as a numerical value for each pixel is generated as the height distribution information. This data is, for example, data in which the numerical value increases as the height of the convex portion increases.
  • the control unit 22 stores the generated height distribution information in the memory 23. Further, the control unit 22 outputs the generated height distribution information to the printing apparatus 30 via the communication unit 21b.
  • the control unit 22 can be realized by a semiconductor element or the like. The function of the control unit 22 may be configured only by hardware, or may be realized by combining hardware and software.
  • the control unit 22 can be configured by, for example, a microcomputer, CPU, MPU, DSP, FPGA, and ASIC.
  • the memory 23 can be realized by, for example, a RAM, a DRAM, a ROM, a ferroelectric memory, a flash memory, a magnetic disk, or a combination thereof.
  • the printing device 30 generates an image that reproduces the height of the surface of a painting, that is, an image including a convex portion, based on the height distribution information received from the image processing device 20 and the color image data. .
  • the printing apparatus 30 is, for example, a UV inkjet printer that uses Ultra Violet (UV) ink.
  • UV ink is cured by applying ultraviolet rays.
  • the printing apparatus 30 can perform multilayer printing.
  • the printing apparatus 30 generates an image including a convex portion by increasing the thickness of the ink as the numerical value of the height indicated in the height distribution information is larger.
  • FIG. 2 shows a state in which a picture 200 is being picked up by the image pickup apparatus 10.
  • FIG. 3 shows a side view of the imaging apparatus 10.
  • the side view of FIG. 3 is a schematic view.
  • the main surface of the painting 200 be a surface when the painting 200 is visually recognized from the front. That is, the main surface of the painting 200 refers to a plane in which unevenness is ignored.
  • the main surface of the painting 200 will be described as a surface defined by the X axis and the Y axis, and the height of the convex portion will be described as the height in the Z axis direction.
  • the X axis, the Y axis, and the Z axis are in a relationship orthogonal to each other.
  • the positive direction in the X-axis direction is the right direction
  • the negative direction in the X-axis direction is the left direction
  • the positive direction in the Y-axis direction is the downward direction
  • the negative direction in the Y-axis direction is the upward direction.
  • the moving device 16 of the imaging device 10 includes one first movable body 16a, four second movable bodies 16d, two first guide rails 16b, and two A second guide rail 16c and a frame 16e are provided.
  • the two first guide rails 16b are arranged in parallel to the Y-axis direction. Each first guide rail 16 b is disposed at a position facing the painting 200.
  • the two second guide rails 16c are arranged in parallel to the X-axis direction.
  • the two second guide rails 16 c are arranged one by one at both ends of the painting 200 in the Y-axis direction.
  • the first movable body 16a moves back and forth in the Y-axis direction along the two first guide rails 16b.
  • the four second movable bodies 16d are arranged one by one at both ends of each first guide rail 16b. Each second movable body 16d moves forward and backward in the X-axis direction along each second guide rail 16c.
  • the first movable body 16a and the second movable body 16d move forward and backward by driving a motor or the like.
  • the frame 16e is connected to the first movable body 16a.
  • the camera 13, the first illumination unit 14, and the second illumination unit 15 are fixed to the frame 16e. With this configuration, the camera 13, the first illumination unit 14, and the second illumination unit 15 are movable in the XY directions.
  • the moving device 16 can also include a third movable body that allows the first illumination unit 14 and the second illumination unit 15 to move up and down in the Z-axis direction.
  • the control unit 12 drives and controls the moving device 16 so that the camera 13, the first illumination unit 14, and the second illumination unit 15 are integrated at a constant speed in the scan direction.
  • the scanning direction is not limited to the vertical direction of the painting 200 and may be any direction.
  • the scanning direction may be a vertical direction, a horizontal direction, or an oblique direction depending on the arrangement or orientation of the painting 200.
  • the illumination light of the first illumination unit 14 and the second illumination unit 15 illuminates the imaged part 150 (for one line) of the painting 200 directly under the camera 13.
  • the angle (illumination angle) ⁇ between the illumination directions 14a and 15a of the illumination light of the first illumination unit 14 and the second illumination unit 15 to the image capturing unit 150 and the main surface of the painting 200 is the same constant angle. Is set to be
  • the illumination angle ⁇ is, for example, 30 °.
  • the 1st illumination part 14 and the 2nd illumination part 15 illuminate the to-be-imaged part 150 from the upper side direction and lower side direction in the Y-axis direction of the to-be-imaged part 150, respectively.
  • the illumination angle ⁇ may be an angle at which a shadow appears due to illumination, and 20 ° to 45 ° is particularly suitable.
  • FIG. 4A and FIG. 4B show a state when such an imaging apparatus 10 illuminates a painting 200 having a convex portion 201 on the surface.
  • the convex portion 201 is a thickness portion of the paint.
  • FIG. 4A shows a shadow S1 that is generated when the first lighting unit 14 illuminates the painting 200 from an oblique upper side.
  • FIG. 4B shows a shadow S ⁇ b> 2 that occurs when the second illumination unit 15 illuminates the painting 200 from obliquely below.
  • FIG. 5 shows a process of generating height distribution information by the control unit 22 of the image processing apparatus 20.
  • both the first illumination unit 14 and the second illumination unit 15 of the imaging apparatus 10 are illuminated at an illumination angle ⁇ from the upper and lower sides (Y axis positive / negative direction) of the imaging target unit 150 of the painting 200. Illuminate at the same time.
  • the camera 13 of the imaging apparatus 10 scans and captures the painting 200 and generates first image data as color image data (color information).
  • the first image data includes color information (RGB or CMYK) of each pixel where the painting 200 is captured.
  • the first image data is image data of a two-dimensional image that does not include the shadow of the convex portion 201.
  • FIG. 12A is a diagram schematically showing color image data (first image data). That is, FIG. 12A is shooting data obtained by shooting a picture.
  • the painting is an oil painting, and the one that exists in the foreground in the actual landscape is described with a higher level of paint. For example, the rising height of the paint is adjusted so that the one in the foreground is raised in the order of trees, clouds in front of the mountains, mountains, clouds in the back of the mountains, and sky.
  • paintings are colored as the painter intended.
  • the brightness of each drawn part is not related to the unevenness of the actual paint.
  • the cloud color is white and the sky color is blue.
  • the color of the leaves of the tree is green with different shades depending on the type of tree.
  • the image processing device 20 inputs the first image data (color image data) generated by the imaging device 10 as described above (S501).
  • This second image data is image data of a two-dimensional image including a shadow S1 on the lower side of the convex portion 201.
  • the image processing apparatus 20 inputs the second image data (shadow image data) (S502).
  • the control unit 22 of the image processing apparatus 20 calculates the length (for example, the number of pixels) of the shadow S1 on the lower side of the convex portion 201 based on, for example, the luminance value or color of the pixels (S503). Based on the length of the shadow S1 and the illumination angle ⁇ of the first illumination unit 14, the control unit 22 calculates the height H1 of the lower side of the convex portion 201 in the Y-axis direction (S504).
  • the third image data is image data of a two-dimensional image including the shadow S2 above the convex portion 201.
  • the control unit 22 inputs the third image data (shadow image data) (S505).
  • the control unit 22 calculates the length (for example, the number of pixels) of the shadow S2 on the upper side of the convex portion 201 included in the third image based on, for example, the luminance value or the color (S506).
  • the control unit 22 calculates the height H2 of the upper side of the convex portion 201 in the Y-axis direction based on the length of the shadow S2 and the illumination angle ⁇ of the second illumination unit 15 (S507).
  • the control unit 22 Based on the height H1 of the convex portion 201 calculated based on the second image data and the height 201 of the convex portion 201 calculated based on the third image data, the control unit 22 The total height H3 is calculated.
  • the overall height of the convex portion 201 can be calculated, for example, by interpolating the height H3 between the lower height H1 and the upper height H2 of the convex portion 201.
  • the height H3 is set as height information.
  • the height of the convex portion 201 is the height H3 calculated based on the height H1 and the height H2, but the height of the convex portion 201 is the height H1 or the height H2. It is good also as one of these.
  • the imaging device 10 is laterally (X-axis direction) with respect to the camera 13. You may further provide the 3rd illumination part and the 4th illumination part which are arrange
  • the third illumination unit and the fourth illumination unit illuminate the imaged unit 150 at the same illumination angle ⁇ from the left-right direction of the imaged unit 150.
  • image data including shadows formed in the left-right direction of the convex portion 201 is obtained.
  • the overall height of the convex portion 201 may be calculated based on the height calculated from the vertical and horizontal shadows of the convex portion 201.
  • the control unit 22 calculates the heights of all the convex portions 201 included in the painting 200. Then, the control unit 22 calculates the height of the entire image of the painting 200 (all pixels constituting the image), and generates height distribution information indicating the height distribution of the entire image (S508).
  • the height distribution information is, for example, data representing the height of each pixel in the image as a numerical value.
  • FIG. 12B an image as shown in FIG. 12B is obtained.
  • the portion where the swell of the paint is low is black
  • the portion where the swell of the paint is high is expressed in white.
  • the painting includes fine convex portions due to the traces of the brush, the shadows due to such fine convex portions are also reflected in the height distribution information of FIG. 12B.
  • Numeral data of such height distribution information is output from the image processing apparatus 20 to the printing apparatus 30.
  • the color image data is also output from the image processing apparatus 20 to the printing apparatus 30 (S509).
  • FIG. 6 shows an example of a cross section of an image duplicated by printing by the printing apparatus 30.
  • the printing device 30 prints the transparent ink 72 a plurality of times on the base material 71 (paper, cloth, plastic, etc.) based on the height distribution information output from the image processing device 20. For example, the larger the numerical value of the height distribution information, the larger the discharge amount of the transparent ink 72 is required.
  • the transparent ink 72 is cured immediately by being exposed to ultraviolet rays, the upper layer can be printed immediately after the lower layers of a plurality of layers are printed.
  • the printing apparatus 30 prints the color ink 73 on the upper surface of the transparent ink 72 based on the color image data output from the image processing apparatus 20. Thereby, the painting 200 which reproduced the convex part 201 can be duplicated.
  • a shadow of a convex portion of a painting is photographed by imaging the painting in a state where the painting is illuminated at a predetermined angle, and the height of the convex portion is calculated from the length of the shadow. Is calculated. Therefore, when replicating a painting, the convex portion (the height of the painting surface) of the painting can be reproduced. This makes it possible to generate a reproduction of a painting that is closer to the real thing.
  • the replication system 100 of the present disclosure it is not necessary to use a special unevenness measuring device to measure the height of the surface of the painting 200. Therefore, it is possible to produce a replica with a sense of unevenness at a low cost.
  • the replication system 100 of the present disclosure it is not necessary to irradiate the painting with a laser in order to obtain height information. Therefore, it is possible to create a duplicate with a sense of unevenness without imposing a load on the painting.
  • the painting 200 is illuminated from each of the upward direction and the downward direction, and the height H1 and the height H2 are calculated from the shadow S1 and the shadow S2 of the convex portion 201. And the height H3 of the convex part 201 is produced
  • the painting 200 may be illuminated from each of the left direction, the right direction, and the diagonal direction, and the height information may be generated based on the shadow of each convex portion 201. Thereby, the convex part 201 can be reproduced more faithfully.
  • the object including the convex portions can be duplicated based on the image data captured by the imaging device 10.
  • Embodiment 2 As described above, the first embodiment has been described as an example of the technique disclosed in the present application. However, the technology in the present disclosure is not limited to this, and can also be applied to embodiments in which changes, substitutions, additions, omissions, and the like are appropriately performed. Moreover, it is also possible to combine each component demonstrated in the said Embodiment 1, and it can also be set as a new embodiment. Thus, Embodiment 2 will be exemplified below.
  • the image processing apparatus 20 may instruct the printing apparatus 30 in a plurality of times. That is, the image processing apparatus 20 may divide the height distribution information into a plurality of height distribution information, and give an instruction to the printing apparatus 30 based on each height distribution information. For example, when the width of the convex portion is narrow, it is difficult to form the convex portion by raising the ink high by one printing. However, it is possible to increase the ink level by printing in multiple times and stacking the ink layers.
  • the width of the convex portion 201 and the surface direction of the main surface of the object (X direction in FIG. 7)
  • height information is divided and generated by a width W in the Y direction).
  • the height information is divided by the width W of the convex portion 201 in the Y direction.
  • the image processing apparatus 20 identifies the wide convex part 202 as the first layer and narrows the width.
  • the convex portion 201 is identified as the second layer.
  • the 1st height distribution information like FIG. 8B is produced
  • second height distribution information as shown in FIG. 8C is generated.
  • the first height distribution information and the second height distribution information may be generated by being divided from one height distribution information, or may be generated separately in advance.
  • the image processing device 20 first instructs the printing device 30 to perform printing based on the first height distribution information shown in FIG. 8B. Further, the image processing apparatus 20 instructs the number of times of printing based on the first height distribution information to be one time. Therefore, first, as shown in FIG. 8D, the ink layer 302 corresponding to the wide convex portion 202 is printed. The ink layer 302 is formed by one printing.
  • the image processing apparatus 20 instructs the printing apparatus 30 to perform printing based on the second height distribution information shown in FIG. 8C. Further, the image processing apparatus 20 instructs the number of times of printing based on the second height distribution information to be twice. Then, as shown in FIG. 8E, the ink layer 301 corresponding to the narrow convex portion 201 is formed by two printings. In this way, a plurality of ink layers (ink layer 301a and ink layer 301b) are formed. Note that the number of times of printing may be two or more.
  • the image processing apparatus 20 instructs the number of times of printing to be a plurality of times (twice in FIG. 8E). Accordingly, the ink can be raised to a higher level, and the same height as the original convex portion 201 can be reproduced.
  • the wide ink layer 302 it is relatively easy to form the wide ink layer 302 by raising the ink level by one printing. Since the ink layer 302 can be formed by one printing, the total number of printing times and printing time can be suppressed.
  • each convex portion when a plurality of convex portions (for example, the convex portion 201 and the convex portion 202) are formed on the surface of the object, each convex portion includes the first layer and the second layer depending on the width of each convex portion. Identify at least one of the multiple layers. And by instructing the number of times of printing for each layer, printing can be performed efficiently and accurately.
  • the width of the convex portion 201 is less than a predetermined value, the number of times of printing may be increased as compared with the case where the width of the convex portion 201 is equal to or larger than the predetermined value.
  • the predetermined value in the second embodiment is in the range of 0.2 mm to 0.5 mm. The predetermined value varies depending on the printing characteristics of the printing apparatus 30 and the ink curing characteristics.
  • the convex portion when the width of the convex portion is the predetermined value “greater than”, the convex portion is identified as the first layer, and when the width of the convex portion is the predetermined value “less than”, the convex portion is the second value.
  • the convex portion is identified as a layer, if the width of the convex portion is “larger” than the predetermined value, the convex portion is identified as the first layer, and if the width of the convex portion is the predetermined value “below”, the convex portion is identified as the second layer.
  • the first layer and the second layer are identified by the width of the convex portion.
  • the second layer is identified by any one of three or more layers including the third layer and the fourth layer. May be.
  • the height information is divided by the width W in the surface direction (X direction or Y direction in FIG. 7) of the main surface of the object.
  • the height information may be divided according to (spatial frequency). That is, when forming the convex part 201 and the convex part 202 having different areas (spatial frequencies) as shown in FIG. 8A, the height information (the first information indicating the height of the convex part 202 having a large area (low spatial frequency). (1 height information) and height information (second height information) indicating the height of the convex portion 201 having a small area (high spatial frequency) may be used.
  • first height information and the second height information may be calculated from each shadow information when the object is illuminated from two or more directions. Thereby, the convex part of an object can be duplicated more faithfully.
  • the first height information and the second height information are generated based on the shadow information output from the imaging device 10 and the illumination angle, as in the first embodiment.
  • the method for generating the first height information and the second height information is not limited to this method.
  • the first height information and the second height information may be obtained and input to the image processing device 20 using an existing special unevenness measuring device, a laser, or the like.
  • the convex portion is identified as at least one of a plurality of layers including the first layer and the second layer under a predetermined condition, and printing is performed for each layer. By doing this, replicas can be replicated efficiently and accurately.
  • the third embodiment similarly to the second embodiment, when the convex portion is reproduced by printing, the printing is performed in a plurality of times. That is, the image processing apparatus 20 divides the height distribution information into a plurality of height distribution information. In particular, in the third embodiment, the height distribution information is divided according to the shape of the convex portion of the painting 200.
  • FIG. 9 is a diagram for explaining image duplication in the third embodiment.
  • the shape of the convex portion 203 of the painting 200 is a multistage shape that is identified by being divided into multiple stages (two stages in FIG. 9) in the height direction.
  • the convex portion 203 is identified by being divided into a lower portion 203a (first step) and an upper portion 203b (second step) by a multi-stage boundary line.
  • the control unit 22 of the image processing apparatus 20 identifies the lower part 203a as the first layer and the upper part 203b as the second layer. Further, the control unit 22 generates height information (first height information) of the lower portion 203a and height information (second height information) of the upper portion 203b.
  • the height information of the lower part 203a is calculated from the shadow S1a and the shadow S2a.
  • the height information of the upper part 203b is calculated from the shadow S1b and the shadow S2b.
  • the control part 22 produces
  • control unit 22 generates height distribution information (second height distribution information) of the entire surface of the object based on the second height information indicating the height of the upper portion 203b. Then, the control unit 22 instructs the printing apparatus 30 to perform printing based on the first height distribution information and printing based on the second height distribution information separately via the communication unit 21b. I do. Thereby, the convex part 203 with the clear boundary of the upper part 203b and the lower part 203a can be formed.
  • second height distribution information second height distribution information
  • FIG. 10A shows the height distribution information of the convex part 201 and the convex part 203 generated by the replication system of the third embodiment.
  • the height distribution information is divided into first height distribution information and second height distribution information. That is, in the third embodiment, the control unit 22 of the image processing apparatus 20 sequentially searches the height information of the convex portions 201 and 203 by the widths of the convex portions 201 and 203 as in the second embodiment.
  • the control unit 22 Since the width of the lower portion of the convex portion 203 (lower portion 203a shown in FIG. 10B) is equal to or greater than a predetermined value, the control unit 22 identifies the lower portion 203a as the first layer. And the control part 22 produces
  • the control unit 22 identifies the convex portion 201 and the upper portion 203b as the second layer. . And the control part 22 produces
  • control unit 22 designates the divided first height distribution information and second height distribution information via the communication unit 21b, and instructs the printing apparatus 30 to print twice.
  • the printing apparatus 30 first performs printing based on the first height distribution information. As a result, as shown in FIG. 10D, the ink layer 303a corresponding to the lower portion 203a of the convex portion 203 is printed. Then, the ink layer 303a is cured by irradiating UV.
  • the ink layer 301 corresponding to the convex portion 201 and the ink layer 303b corresponding to the upper portion 203b of the convex portion 203 are printed.
  • the ink layer 303a is already cured, it is possible to prevent the upper ink layer 303b from flowing into the lower ink layer 303a and the periphery of the ink layer 303b from becoming gentle. That is, the edge of the upper ink layer 303b can be clearly formed.
  • FIG. 10F shows an ink layer 401 and an ink layer 403 that have been duplicated by another duplication system for comparison with the third embodiment.
  • the ink layer 401 is a copy of the projection 201 and the ink layer 403 is a copy of the projection 203.
  • UV ink that is cured by being irradiated with ultraviolet rays is used as ink used in the printing apparatus.
  • the height distribution information is not divided and generated. Therefore, in the comparative example, the printing device prints the two-tiered ink layer 403 at a time.
  • the upper part (the part corresponding to the upper part 203b) of the ink layer 403 is raised in a state where the lower part (the part corresponding to the lower part 203a) of the ink layer 403 is not cured. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 10F, the upper ink flows downward, and the upper outer periphery forms a gentle (no edge) ink layer 403. As a result, there arises a problem that it is difficult to express a multistage shape such as the convex portion 203.
  • the width of the upper portion 203b is less than a predetermined value, ink may sag from the center of the upper portion 203b, and the height of the upper portion 203b may be lower than a desired height.
  • the predetermined value is in the range of 0.5 mm to 0.8 mm. This value varies depending on the printing characteristics of the printing apparatus and the ink curing characteristics.
  • the height information is divided by the width W in the surface direction (X direction or Y direction in FIG. 7) of the main surface of the object, but the height information is divided by the area (spatial frequency) of the convex portion. May be. Further, the height information may be divided by searching the convex portion in the height direction and detecting a multi-level step (boundary between the lower portion 203a and the upper portion 203b shown in FIG. 10A).
  • a multi-level step boundary between the lower portion 203a and the upper portion 203b shown in FIG. 10A.
  • FIG. 11A shows height distribution information generated by the replication system according to another embodiment of the third embodiment.
  • 11B and 11C show an example in which a convex portion is searched in the height direction and the height distribution information is divided.
  • the control unit 22 of the image processing apparatus 20 searches the height distribution information shown in FIG. 11A from the lower one by the search process. In the search process, a multi-level step is detected. Then, the control unit 22 identifies the convex portion 201, the lower portion 203a of the convex portion 203, and the lower portion 204a of the convex portion 204 shown in FIG. 11B as lower layer portions (referred to as a first layer). The control unit 22 generates first height distribution information as shown in FIG. 11B based on the height information (first height information) of each lower layer. Further, the control unit 22 identifies the upper portion 203b of the convex portion 203 and the upper portion 204b of the convex portion 204 shown in FIG.
  • the control part 22 produces
  • the height distribution information can be divided into the first height distribution information and the second height distribution information.
  • the width W of the main surface of the object (the X direction or the Y direction in FIG. 7), or the convex portion
  • control unit 22 identifies the first layer as the width W in the surface direction of the main surface of the object of the lower part 203a of the convex part 203 and the lower part 204a of the convex part 204 is equal to or greater than a predetermined value (W1). To do. And the control part 22 produces
  • the control unit 22 identifies it as the second layer. And the control part 22 produces
  • the control part 22 identifies as a 3rd layer. And the control part 22 produces
  • the convex portion when the width W of the convex portion is larger than the predetermined value W1, the convex portion may be identified as the first layer.
  • the convex portion may be identified as the second layer when the width W of the convex portion is larger than the predetermined value W2 and equal to or smaller than the predetermined value W1.
  • the convex portion may be identified as the third layer when the width W of the convex portion is equal to or smaller than the predetermined value W2.
  • the printing apparatus 30 performs printing based on the first height distribution information shown in FIG. 11D, the second height distribution information shown in FIG. 11E, and the third height distribution information shown in FIG. 11F.
  • the printing apparatus 30 performs printing in the order of the first height distribution information in FIG. 11D and the second height distribution information in FIG. 11E based on the height distribution information. Thereafter, when printing based on the third height distribution information shown in FIG. 11F, first, as shown in FIG.
  • the ink layer 301c for the lower layer of the convex portion 201 and the ink layer 303c for the lower layer of the upper portion 203b are printed. Then, the ink layer 301c and the ink layer 303c are cured, and the ink layer 301d for the upper layer of the convex portion 201 and the ink layer 303d for the upper layer of the upper portion 203b are printed again based on the same third height distribution information. Thereby, the ink can be easily raised high.
  • the height information of the convex portion 201, the convex portion 203, and the convex portion 204 is generated based on the shadow information output from the imaging device 10 and the illumination angle, as in the first embodiment.
  • the method of generating the first height information and the second height information is not limited to this method.
  • the first height information and the second height information may be obtained using an existing special unevenness measuring device, a laser, or the like.
  • the convex portion 201, the convex portion 203, and the convex portion 204 are formed of a plurality of layers including a first layer and a second layer under predetermined conditions. By replicating at least one of these and performing printing for each layer, a replica can be efficiently and accurately replicated.
  • the imaging device 10 is a scanner using a line scan camera, but the imaging device is not limited to a scanner. Since it is only necessary to obtain shaded image data in a form in which the height of the convex portion can be calculated, for example, a normal camera that can obtain a two-dimensional image may be used.
  • a painting is described as an example of a replication target of the replication system 100 of the present disclosure, but the replication target is not limited to a painting.
  • sculpture may be used.
  • the area between the recesses is recognized as a projection.
  • the idea of the replication system 100 of the present disclosure can be applied when a planar object having convex portions is replicated including the height information of the object surface.
  • the image processing device 20 is independent of each of the imaging device 10 and the printing device 30, but may be integrated with the imaging device 10 or the printing device 30.
  • the communication unit 11b and the communication unit 21b may not be provided.
  • each control part 12 and control part 22 may be united.
  • the duplication system 100 of the embodiment may be configured to duplicate a desired region of an object.
  • the user may be able to freely set the area of the image data output by the imaging device 10.
  • region of the height distribution information which the image processing apparatus 20 outputs may be able to set freely.
  • the user may be able to freely set the area where the printing apparatus 30 prints.
  • the replication system 100 of the present disclosure can be realized by cooperating with hardware resources such as a processor, a memory, and a program.
  • the moving device 16 is configured to move the camera 13, the first illumination unit 14, and the second illumination unit 15 in the scan direction.
  • the camera 13, the first illumination unit 14, and the first illumination unit 15 2 It is good also as a structure which fixes the illumination part 15 and moves the painting 200.
  • FIG. In solving the problem of the present disclosure, it is only necessary that the relative positional relationship between the camera 13, the first illumination unit 14, and the second illumination unit 15 is clear, and the scanning method is not essential for solving the problem.
  • the present disclosure can be applied to an image processing apparatus that generates data for reproducing a planar object (for example, a painting) having a convex portion, and a reproduction system that duplicates a painting.
  • a planar object for example, a painting
  • a reproduction system that duplicates a painting.
  • Imaging device 11 Input / output part 11a Input part 11b Communication part 12 Control part 13 Camera 13a Imaging part 13b Memory 14 1st illumination part 15 2nd illumination part 16 Mobile device 20 Image processing apparatus 21 Input / output part 21a Input part 21b Communication part 22 Control unit 23 Memory 30 Printing device 71 Base material 72 Transparent ink 73 Color ink 100 Replication system 150 Imaged unit 200 Painting 201, 202, 203, 204 Protruding part 203a, 204a Lower part 203b, 204b Upper part 301, 301a, 301b, 301c , 301d Ink layer 302 Ink layer 303a, 303b, 303c, 303d Ink layer 401, 403 Ink layer

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  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
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Abstract

L'invention concerne un dispositif de traitement d'image (20) qui est pourvu d'une unité de commande (22) et d'une unité de sortie (21b). L'unité de commande (22) reçoit des informations de hauteur obtenues en mesurant la forme d'une saillie formée à la surface d'un objet, et divise la saillie en une pluralité de couches comprenant au moins une première couche et une seconde couche. L'unité de commande (22) génère des premières informations de distribution de hauteur indiquant la distribution de hauteur de la surface de l'objet sur la base de premières informations de hauteur, parmi les informations de hauteur, qui indiquent la hauteur de la première couche. L'unité de commande (22) génère des secondes informations de distribution de hauteur indiquant la distribution de hauteur de la surface de l'objet sur la base de secondes informations de hauteur, parmi les informations de hauteur, qui indiquent la hauteur de la seconde couche. L'unité de sortie (21b) délivre les premières informations de distribution de hauteur et les secondes informations de distribution de hauteur.
PCT/JP2016/004920 2016-07-29 2016-11-18 Dispositif de traitement d'images, système de réplication et procédé de réplication WO2018020533A1 (fr)

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JP2004015297A (ja) * 2002-06-05 2004-01-15 Keio Gijuku 対象物表面の色を再現した立体画像を作成する立体観察装置および方法
JP2004340832A (ja) * 2003-05-16 2004-12-02 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd 回路基板の外観検査方法及び回路基板の外観検査装置
WO2013080439A1 (fr) * 2011-11-28 2013-06-06 パナソニック株式会社 Appareil de traitement d'image stéréoscopique et procédé de traitement d'image stéréoscopique
JP2013205202A (ja) * 2012-03-28 2013-10-07 Azbil Corp 半田ツノ外観検査装置
JP2015049806A (ja) * 2013-09-03 2015-03-16 株式会社アイジェット ３次元データの作成方法、それを用いた３次元造形物及びその製造方法
WO2015050033A1 (fr) * 2013-10-04 2015-04-09 株式会社ミマキエンジニアリング Dispositif de mise en forme tridimensionnelle et procédé pour former le dispositif de mise en forme tridimensionnelle
JP2015076023A (ja) * 2013-10-11 2015-04-20 カシオ計算機株式会社 画像処理装置、立体データ生成方法、及びプログラム
JP2015217682A (ja) * 2014-05-14 2015-12-07 ソク−ムン，キム ３ｄプリンティング装置及び方法、これを利用した鉄骨コンクリート構造物の施工方法
JP2016063522A (ja) * 2014-09-22 2016-04-25 カシオ計算機株式会社 画像処理装置、および方法、ならびにプログラム

Patent Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2004015297A (ja) * 2002-06-05 2004-01-15 Keio Gijuku 対象物表面の色を再現した立体画像を作成する立体観察装置および方法
JP2004340832A (ja) * 2003-05-16 2004-12-02 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd 回路基板の外観検査方法及び回路基板の外観検査装置
WO2013080439A1 (fr) * 2011-11-28 2013-06-06 パナソニック株式会社 Appareil de traitement d'image stéréoscopique et procédé de traitement d'image stéréoscopique
JP2013205202A (ja) * 2012-03-28 2013-10-07 Azbil Corp 半田ツノ外観検査装置
JP2015049806A (ja) * 2013-09-03 2015-03-16 株式会社アイジェット ３次元データの作成方法、それを用いた３次元造形物及びその製造方法
WO2015050033A1 (fr) * 2013-10-04 2015-04-09 株式会社ミマキエンジニアリング Dispositif de mise en forme tridimensionnelle et procédé pour former le dispositif de mise en forme tridimensionnelle
JP2015076023A (ja) * 2013-10-11 2015-04-20 カシオ計算機株式会社 画像処理装置、立体データ生成方法、及びプログラム
JP2015217682A (ja) * 2014-05-14 2015-12-07 ソク−ムン，キム ３ｄプリンティング装置及び方法、これを利用した鉄骨コンクリート構造物の施工方法
JP2016063522A (ja) * 2014-09-22 2016-04-25 カシオ計算機株式会社 画像処理装置、および方法、ならびにプログラム

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