WO2018019481A1 - Method for determining a volume in a gas supply system - Google Patents

Method for determining a volume in a gas supply system Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018019481A1
WO2018019481A1 PCT/EP2017/065181 EP2017065181W WO2018019481A1 WO 2018019481 A1 WO2018019481 A1 WO 2018019481A1 EP 2017065181 W EP2017065181 W EP 2017065181W WO 2018019481 A1 WO2018019481 A1 WO 2018019481A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
volume
supply system
gas supply
pressure
control unit
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2017/065181
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Florian Herzenjak
Bernd Scheifele
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch Gmbh
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Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch Gmbh filed Critical Robert Bosch Gmbh
Publication of WO2018019481A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018019481A1/en

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Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02DCONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D19/00Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
    • F02D19/02Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with gaseous fuels
    • F02D19/026Measuring or estimating parameters related to the fuel supply system
    • F02D19/027Determining the fuel pressure, temperature or volume flow, the fuel tank fill level or a valve position
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02DCONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D19/00Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
    • F02D19/02Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with gaseous fuels
    • F02D19/026Measuring or estimating parameters related to the fuel supply system
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02DCONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/0025Controlling engines characterised by use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
    • F02D41/0027Controlling engines characterised by use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures the fuel being gaseous
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01FMEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
    • G01F17/00Methods or apparatus for determining the capacity of containers or cavities, or the volume of solid bodies
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02DCONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D2200/00Input parameters for engine control
    • F02D2200/02Input parameters for engine control the parameters being related to the engine
    • F02D2200/06Fuel or fuel supply system parameters
    • F02D2200/0602Fuel pressure
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02DCONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D2200/00Input parameters for engine control
    • F02D2200/02Input parameters for engine control the parameters being related to the engine
    • F02D2200/06Fuel or fuel supply system parameters
    • F02D2200/0606Fuel temperature
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/30Use of alternative fuels, e.g. biofuels

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for determining a volume in a
  • Gas supply system of an internal combustion engine having the features of the preamble of claim 1. Furthermore, the invention relates to a computer program, a
  • Storage medium and an electronic control unit for carrying out the method according to the invention are stored.
  • Fuels such as natural gas (NG, ie “natural gas”), can be liquefied (LNG, ie “liquid natural gas”) or gaseous (CNG, ie “compressed natural gas”) in at least one On board the vehicle entrained tank be kept.
  • NG natural gas
  • CNG gaseous
  • a fuel supply system for an internal combustion engine which comprises a plurality of fuel cells connected in parallel and fluidly connected via a fuel line.
  • the fuel tanks are also connected to a fuel extraction device.
  • the fuel tanks may in particular be CNG gas tanks in which the gas is kept under high pressure.
  • a pressure reducer is arranged in the fuel line. The pressure reducer thus divides the fuel supply system into a high-pressure region and a low-pressure region. Downstream of the pressure reducer, ie in the low pressure region, a shut-off valve is further arranged in the fuel line.
  • a pressure sensor is provided upstream of the pressure reducer, ie in the high pressure area to measure the pressure prevailing there. If the measurement results in a pressure reduction in the high-pressure region, which deviates by a predetermined threshold value from an expected pressure reduction, it is possible to conclude that there is a leak in the high-pressure region. In order to locate the leak, all CNG gas tanks are shut off except for a tank valve assigned via the gas tanks. Then it is measured again. This process repeats with each CNG gas tank so that the measurements can be used to map the leak to a specific gas tank. If this is not possible, all gas tanks are shut off and the pressure in the fuel line is measured, since then is likely the leak in the fuel line.
  • each expected pressure reduction in the fuel line is calculated with the aid of a control unit.
  • the pressure in the fuel line influencing variables, such as the volume, known and stored in the control unit.
  • the engine manufacturer who carries out the application of the control unit, not previously known in which vehicle the engine produced by him is to be installed. The complete application can therefore often be made only by the vehicle manufacturer and that only after the installation of the engine and the gas supply system by means of elaborate measurements. The control options of the engine manufacturer are limited in this case.
  • the present invention has for its object to provide a method for determining a volume in a gas supply system of an internal combustion engine, which has a high security and thus is able to compensate for lack of control possible.
  • the proposed method is used to determine a volume V in a gas supply system of an internal combustion engine.
  • the gas supply system comprises at least one fuel line connecting a gas tank with at least one injection valve to a pressure reducer, which supplies the
  • Gas supply system divided into a high pressure area and a low pressure area.
  • Internal combustion engine determined iteratively. This means that the determination of the volume takes place stepwise, namely by repeatedly performed process steps.
  • the volume determined in this way approaches the actual volume over time, so that - as in a self-learning process - the determination of the volume becomes more and more accurate.
  • the determination of the volume takes place during the operation of the internal combustion engine. This means that an application of the volume before starting up the internal combustion engine is dispensable. The manufacturer of the internal combustion engine and / or the motor vehicle is thus relieved. This is especially true if the process is completely automated. A high degree of automation also has the advantage that any manipulations to the gas supply system during operation of the internal combustion engine lead to noticeable volume changes and thus are easy to detect. The same applies in the case of a leak in the gas supply system. As a result, the security of the system increases. Furthermore, the volumes determined by the method according to the invention can be used to correct the fuel consumption.
  • volume V preferably a plurality of volume individual values Vi, V2,... V n are averaged.
  • the pressure drops in the fuel line as a function of the gas consumption are determined at predetermined time intervals and the determination of the volume individual values Vi, V2,... V n is taken as a basis. Over time, therefore, more and more accurate values for the volume V result.
  • iterative determination of the volume V preferably a plurality of volume individual values Vi, V2,... V n are averaged.
  • the at least one measured value which can be detected by means of a sensor and which is measured repeatedly at predetermined time intervals.
  • the measured value is preferably a quantity which is in relation to the volume V.
  • the pressure p and / or the temperature T in the fuel line is or are measured and used as a measured value.
  • the at least one sensor is therefore preferably a pressure and / or temperature sensor.
  • the gas mass m flowing out of the fuel line is preferably calculated as a mass flow over time from the lambda signal and the air mass in a suction tube. With the outflowing gas mass m and the pressure in the fuel line decreases.
  • R is the general gas constant.
  • the method is in each case according to one of several
  • High-pressure area and / or arranged in the low pressure area is limited.
  • the volume determination can thus be made individually for certain areas of the gas supply system. Further, limiting the volume allows localization of any leaks present in the system.
  • the shut-off valve may for example be arranged directly on the tank and allow a separation of the tank volume from the remaining volume of the gas supply system. This is special advantage if multiple tanks connected in parallel and each line via a shut-off valve with the fuel are connected.
  • the iterative determination of the volume V is carried out in accordance with a computer program which is stored on an external storage medium for an electronic control unit or stored in an electronic control unit.
  • the computer program allows a completely automated procedure. In particular, it allows the processing of the detected via the at least one sensor measured values and the calculation of several individual values volume Vi, V2, ... V n and V as the volume mean value.
  • Computer program proposed that is stored on an external storage medium for an electronic control unit or stored in an electronic control unit and is suitable for performing a method according to the invention. This means that the computer program is specially set up for carrying out the method according to the invention.
  • control unit may be an engine control unit which is assigned to the internal combustion engine and connected via control lines to the at least one sensor and / or valve of the gas supply system.
  • the measured values acquired via the at least one sensor can be processed directly in the control unit and used to control the at least one valve, in particular the injection valve and / or the shut-off valve.
  • the drawing shows a schematic representation of gas supply system. Detailed description of the drawing
  • a gas supply system 1 which serves to supply an internal combustion engine (not shown) with a gaseous fuel.
  • the gaseous fuel is CNG ("Compressed Natural Gas") stored in a gas tank 2 of the gas supply system 1.
  • the gas tank 2 is under high pressure and has a shut-off valve 11. When this is opened, the gaseous fuel flows from the gas tank 2 into a fuel line 4, which connects the gas tank 2 with a plurality of injection valves 3, which are arranged on a suction pipe 10. Air is sucked in via the suction pipe 10 and supplied to the internal combustion engine 11. Before that, the sucked-in air is mixed with the gaseous fuel , which is injected via the injection valves 3 in the suction pipe 10.
  • a pressure reducer 5 is arranged in the fuel line 4.
  • the pressure reducer 5 thus divides the gas supply system 1 into a high pressure region 6 and a low pressure region 7.
  • the high pressure region 6 extends upstream of the pressure reducer 5 to the gas tank 2.
  • the low pressure region extends downstream of the pressure reducer 5 to the injection valves 3.
  • the high pressure region 6 is a associated with the first sensor 8, which detects the prevailing pressure p there.
  • a second sensor 9 is arranged in the low-pressure region 9 and serves to detect the prevailing pressure p and the temperature T.
  • a filter 14 is further integrated into the fuel line 4.
  • the illustrated gas supply system 1 further comprises a control unit 12 which is connected via control lines 13 to the shut-off valve 11, the injection valves 3 and the sensors 8, 9. Furthermore, the control unit 12 is connected via control lines 13 to an air mass sensor 15 arranged in the intake manifold 10 and to a throttle valve 16 located downstream of the pleasure mass sensor 15 in the intake manifold 10. Both the air mass sensor 15, and the throttle valve 16 are arranged upstream of the injection valves 3. Downstream of the injection valves 3, an intake manifold pressure sensor 17 projects into the intake manifold 10. This is also connected via a control line 13 to the controller 12. In the control unit 12, a computer program is stored, which allows an iterative determination of the volume of the gas supply system 1 during operation of the internal combustion engine.
  • the pressure p and the temperature T in the fuel line 4 are measured via the sensor 9 and the measured values are passed to the control unit.
  • the gas mass m is calculated as mass flow over time from the lambda signal and the air mass.
  • the measured values enable the calculation of the volume, wherein the measurements and calculations are repeated at predetermined time intervals so that a number of volume individual values Vi, V2,... V n are determined, which are then averaged to determine the volume V.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Combined Controls Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
  • Electrical Control Of Air Or Fuel Supplied To Internal-Combustion Engine (AREA)
  • Output Control And Ontrol Of Special Type Engine (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for determining a volume (V) in a gas supply system (1) of an internal combustion engine. The gas supply system (1) comprises at least one fuel line (4) which connects a gas tank (2) to at least one injection valve (3) and which comprises a pressure reducer (5) that divides the gas supply system (1) into a high-pressure region (6) and a low-pressure region (7). According to the invention, the volume (V) in the high-pressure region (6) and/or in the low-pressure region (7) of the gas supply system (1) is determined iteratively during the operation of the internal combustion engine. The invention additionally relates to a computer program, to a storage medium, and to an electronic controller (12) for carrying out the method according to the invention.

Description

Beschreibung Titel:  Description Title:
Verfahren zur Bestimmung eines Volumens in einem Gasversorgungssystem  Method for determining a volume in a gas supply system
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Bestimmung eines Volumens in einem The invention relates to a method for determining a volume in a
Gasversorgungssystem einer Brennkraftmaschine mit den Merkmalen des Oberbegriffs des Anspruchs 1. Ferner betrifft die Erfindung ein Computerprogramm, ein Gas supply system of an internal combustion engine having the features of the preamble of claim 1. Furthermore, the invention relates to a computer program, a
Speichermedium sowie ein elektronisches Steuergerät zur Durchführung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens. Storage medium and an electronic control unit for carrying out the method according to the invention.
Stand der Technik State of the art
Bekannt sind Kraftfahrzeuge, deren Brennkraftmaschinen mit gasförmigen Are known motor vehicles whose internal combustion engines with gaseous
Brennstoffen, wie beispielsweise Erdgas (NG, d. h.„Natural Gas"), betrieben werden können. Das Erdgas kann dabei flüssig (LNG, d. h.„Liquid Natural Gas") oder gasförmig (CNG, d. h.„Compressed Natural Gas") in mindestens einem an Bord des Kraftfahrzeugs mitgeführten Tank vorgehalten werden. Fuels, such as natural gas (NG, ie "natural gas"), can be liquefied (LNG, ie "liquid natural gas") or gaseous (CNG, ie "compressed natural gas") in at least one On board the vehicle entrained tank be kept.
Aus der Offenlegungsschrift DE 10 2014 211 880 AI ist beispielhaft ein Kraftstoffzuführungssystem für eine Verbrennungskraftmaschine bekannt, das mehrere parallel geschaltete und über eine Kraftstoff leitung fluidisch verbundene Kraftstofftanks umfasst. Über die Kraftstoffleitung sind die Kraftstofftanks zudem mit einer Kraftstoffentnahmevorrichtung verbunden. Bei den Kraftstofftanks kann es sich insbesondere um CNG- Gastanks handeln, in denen das Gas unter hohem Druck vorgehalten wird. Um den Gasdruck vor der Entnahme des Gases zu verringern, ist in der Kraftstoffleitung ein Druckminderer angeordnet. Der Druckminderer unterteilt somit das Kraftstoffzuführungssystem in einen Hochdruckbereich und einen Niederdruckbereich. Stromabwärts des Druckminderers, d. h. im Niederdruckbereich, ist ferner ein Absperrventil in der Kraftstoffleitung angeordnet. Stromaufwärts des Druckminderers, d. h. im Hochdruck- bereich ist ein Drucksensor vorgesehen, um den dort vorherrschenden Druck zu messen. Ergibt die Messung eine Druckverringerung im Hochdruckbereich, die um einen vorgegebenen Schwellenwert von einer zu erwartenden Druckverringerung abweicht, kann hierüber auf ein Leck im Hochdruckbereich geschlossen werden. Um nun das Leck zu lokalisieren, werden alle CNG-Gastanks bis auf einen über den Gastanks zugeordnete Tankventile abgesperrt. Anschließend wird wieder gemessen. Dieser Vorgang wiederholt sich mit jedem CNG-Gastank, so dass anhand der Messungen das Leck einem bestimmten Gastank zugeordnet werden kann. Sollte dies nicht möglich sein, werden alle Gastanks abgesperrt und der Druck in der Kraftstoff leitung gemessen, da dann voraussichtlich das Leck in der Kraftstoff leitung ist. From the patent application DE 10 2014 211 880 AI a fuel supply system for an internal combustion engine is known by way of example, which comprises a plurality of fuel cells connected in parallel and fluidly connected via a fuel line. About the fuel line, the fuel tanks are also connected to a fuel extraction device. The fuel tanks may in particular be CNG gas tanks in which the gas is kept under high pressure. In order to reduce the gas pressure before the removal of the gas, a pressure reducer is arranged in the fuel line. The pressure reducer thus divides the fuel supply system into a high-pressure region and a low-pressure region. Downstream of the pressure reducer, ie in the low pressure region, a shut-off valve is further arranged in the fuel line. Upstream of the pressure reducer, ie in the high pressure area a pressure sensor is provided to measure the pressure prevailing there. If the measurement results in a pressure reduction in the high-pressure region, which deviates by a predetermined threshold value from an expected pressure reduction, it is possible to conclude that there is a leak in the high-pressure region. In order to locate the leak, all CNG gas tanks are shut off except for a tank valve assigned via the gas tanks. Then it is measured again. This process repeats with each CNG gas tank so that the measurements can be used to map the leak to a specific gas tank. If this is not possible, all gas tanks are shut off and the pressure in the fuel line is measured, since then is likely the leak in the fuel line.
Bei dem aus der DE 10 2014 211 880 AI bekannten Verfahren wird jeweils die zu erwartende Druckverringerung in der Kraftstoff leitung unter Zuhilfenahme eines Steuergeräts errechnet. Dies setzt voraus, dass die den Druck in der Kraftstoff leitung beeinflussenden Größen, wie beispielsweise das Volumen, bekannt und im Steuergerät hinterlegt sind. Oftmals ist jedoch dem Motorenhersteller, der die Applikation des Steuergeräts vornimmt, vorab nicht bekannt, in welches Fahrzeug der von ihm hergestellte Motor eingebaut werden soll. Die vollständige Applikation kann daher oftmals nur beim Fahrzeughersteller und zwar erst nach dem Einbau des Motors und des Gasversorgungssystems im Wege aufwendiger Messungen vorgenommen werden. Die Kontrollmöglichkeiten des Motorenherstellers sind in diesem Fall begrenzt. In the method known from DE 10 2014 211 880 AI each expected pressure reduction in the fuel line is calculated with the aid of a control unit. This assumes that the pressure in the fuel line influencing variables, such as the volume, known and stored in the control unit. Often, however, the engine manufacturer, who carries out the application of the control unit, not previously known in which vehicle the engine produced by him is to be installed. The complete application can therefore often be made only by the vehicle manufacturer and that only after the installation of the engine and the gas supply system by means of elaborate measurements. The control options of the engine manufacturer are limited in this case.
Der vorliegenden Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Verfahren zur Bestimmung eines Volumens in einem Gasversorgungssystem einer Brennkraftmaschine anzugeben, das eine hohe Sicherheit besitzt und damit fehlende Kontrollmöglichen zu kompensieren vermag. The present invention has for its object to provide a method for determining a volume in a gas supply system of an internal combustion engine, which has a high security and thus is able to compensate for lack of control possible.
Zur Lösung der Aufgabe wird das Verfahren mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1 vorgeschlagen. Vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen sind in den Unteransprüchen angegeben. Ferner werden ein Computerprogramm, ein Speichermedium und ein elektronisches Steuergerät zur Durchführung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens vorgeschlagen. Offenbarung der Erfindung To solve the problem, the method with the features of claim 1 is proposed. Advantageous developments are specified in the subclaims. Furthermore, a computer program, a storage medium and an electronic control unit for carrying out the method according to the invention are proposed. Disclosure of the invention
Das vorgeschlagene Verfahren dient der Bestimmung eines Volumens V in einem Gasversorgungssystem einer Brennkraftmaschine. Das Gasversorgungssystem um- fasst dabei mindestens eine einen Gastank mit mindestens einem Einblasventil verbindende Kraftstoff leitung mit einem Druckminderer, der das The proposed method is used to determine a volume V in a gas supply system of an internal combustion engine. The gas supply system comprises at least one fuel line connecting a gas tank with at least one injection valve to a pressure reducer, which supplies the
Gasversorgungssystem in einen Hochdruckbereich und einen Niederdruckbereich unterteilt. Erfindungsgemäß wird das Volumen V im Hochdruckbereich und/oder im Niederdruckbereich des Gasversorgungssystems während des Betriebs der Gas supply system divided into a high pressure area and a low pressure area. According to the invention, the volume V in the high-pressure region and / or in the low-pressure region of the gas supply system during operation of the
Brennkraftmaschine iterativ bestimmt. Das heißt, dass die Bestimmung des Volumens schrittweise, und zwar durch wiederholt durchgeführte Verfahrensschritte, erfolgt. Das derart bestimmte Volumen nähert sich über die Zeit dem tatsächlichen Volumen an, so dass - analog einem Selbstlernprozess - die Bestimmung des Volumens immer genauer wird. Internal combustion engine determined iteratively. This means that the determination of the volume takes place stepwise, namely by repeatedly performed process steps. The volume determined in this way approaches the actual volume over time, so that - as in a self-learning process - the determination of the volume becomes more and more accurate.
Die Bestimmung des Volumens erfolgt während des Betriebs der Brennkraftmaschine. Das heißt, dass eine Applikation des Volumens vor Inbetriebnahme der Brennkraftmaschine entbehrlich ist. Der Hersteller der Brennkraftmaschine und/oder des Kraftfahrzeugs wird somit entlastet. Dies gilt insbesondere, wenn das Verfahren vollständig automatisiert abläuft. Ein hoher Grad der Automatisierung besitzt ferner den Vorteil, dass etwaige Manipulationen am Gasversorgungssystem im Betrieb der Brennkraftmaschine zu erkennbaren Volumenänderungen führen und somit leicht zu detektieren sind. Gleiches gilt im Falle eines Lecks im Gasversorgungssystem. Folglich erhöht sich die Sicherheit des Systems. Ferner können die durch das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren bestimmten Volumina zur Korrektur des Kraftstoffverbrauchs eingesetzt werden. The determination of the volume takes place during the operation of the internal combustion engine. This means that an application of the volume before starting up the internal combustion engine is dispensable. The manufacturer of the internal combustion engine and / or the motor vehicle is thus relieved. This is especially true if the process is completely automated. A high degree of automation also has the advantage that any manipulations to the gas supply system during operation of the internal combustion engine lead to noticeable volume changes and thus are easy to detect. The same applies in the case of a leak in the gas supply system. As a result, the security of the system increases. Furthermore, the volumes determined by the method according to the invention can be used to correct the fuel consumption.
Bei der iterativen Bestimmung des Volumens V werden vorzugsweise mehrere Volumeneinzelwerte Vi, V2, ...Vn gemittelt. Zuvor werden in vorgegebenen Zeitabständen die Druckeinbrüche in der Kraftstoffleitung in Abhängigkeit vom Gasverbrauch ermittelt und der Bestimmung der Volumeneinzelwerte Vi, V2, ...Vn zugrunde gelegt. Über die Zeit ergeben sich somit immer genauere Werte für das Volumen V. Weiterhin vorzugsweise wird bei der iterativen Bestimmung des Volumens V In the iterative determination of the volume V, preferably a plurality of volume individual values Vi, V2,... V n are averaged. Beforehand, the pressure drops in the fuel line as a function of the gas consumption are determined at predetermined time intervals and the determination of the volume individual values Vi, V2,... V n is taken as a basis. Over time, therefore, more and more accurate values for the volume V result. Further preferably, in the iterative determination of the volume V
mindestens ein mittels eines Sensors erfassbarer Messwert eingesetzt, der in vorgegebenen Zeitabständen wiederholt gemessen wird. Bei dem Messwert handelt es sich bevorzugt um eine Größe, die in einer Relation zum Volumen V steht. Insbesondere wird bzw. werden der Druck p und/oder die Temperatur T in der Kraftstoff leitung gemessen und als Messwert eingesetzt. Bei dem mindestens einen Sensor handelt es sich daher bevorzugt um einen Druck- und/oder Temperatursensor. at least one measured value which can be detected by means of a sensor and which is measured repeatedly at predetermined time intervals. The measured value is preferably a quantity which is in relation to the volume V. In particular, the pressure p and / or the temperature T in the fuel line is or are measured and used as a measured value. The at least one sensor is therefore preferably a pressure and / or temperature sensor.
Des Weiteren bevorzugt wird bei der iterativen Bestimmung des Volumens V die aus der Kraftstoffleitung abströmende Gasmasse m als Massestrom über die Zeit aus dem Lambdasignal und der Luftmasse in einem Saugrohr errechnet. Mit der abströmenden Gasmasse m sinkt auch der Druck in der Kraftstoffleitung. Insbesondere steht auch die Gasmasse m in einer Relation zum Volumen, wie die nachfolgende Gleichung verdeutlicht: p*V = m*R*T Furthermore, in the case of the iterative determination of the volume V, the gas mass m flowing out of the fuel line is preferably calculated as a mass flow over time from the lambda signal and the air mass in a suction tube. With the outflowing gas mass m and the pressure in the fuel line decreases. In particular, the gas mass m also has a relation to the volume, as the following equation illustrates: p * V = m * R * T
R ist hierbei die allgemeine Gaskonstante. R is the general gas constant.
Vorteilhafterweise wird das Verfahren jeweils nach einem von mehreren Advantageously, the method is in each case according to one of several
aufeinanderfolgenden Betankungsvorgängen durchgeführt. Das heißt, dass nach jedem Betankungsvorgang mindestens ein neuer Volumeneinzelwert bestimmt wird. Die derart bestimmten Volumina V werden anschließend erneut gemittelt. Auf diese Weise kann die Genauigkeit der Bestimmung weiter verbessert werden. consecutive refueling operations. This means that after each refueling process at least one new volume single value is determined. The thus determined volumes V are then averaged again. In this way, the accuracy of the determination can be further improved.
Gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung wird das zu bestimmende Volumen V durch Schließen mindestens eines Absperrventils, das im According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the volume V to be determined by closing at least one shut-off valve, which in the
Hochdruckbereich und/oder im Niederdruckbereich angeordnet ist, begrenzt. Die Volumenbestimmung kann somit für bestimmte Bereiche des Gasversorgungssystems einzeln vorgenommen werden. Ferner ermöglicht die Begrenzung des Volumens eine Lokalisierung eines etwaigen im System vorhandenen Lecks. Das Absperrventil kann beispielsweise unmittelbar am Tank angeordnet sein und eine Abtrennung des Tankvolumens vom übrigen Volumen des Gasversorgungssystems ermöglichen. Dies ist ins- besondere dann von Vorteil, wenn mehrere Tanks parallel geschaltet und jeweils über ein Absperrventil mit der Kraftstoff leitung verbindbar sind. High-pressure area and / or arranged in the low pressure area is limited. The volume determination can thus be made individually for certain areas of the gas supply system. Further, limiting the volume allows localization of any leaks present in the system. The shut-off valve may for example be arranged directly on the tank and allow a separation of the tank volume from the remaining volume of the gas supply system. This is special advantage if multiple tanks connected in parallel and each line via a shut-off valve with the fuel are connected.
Bevorzugt wird die iterative Bestimmung des Volumens V nach Maßgabe eines Computerprogramms durchgeführt, das auf einem externen Speichermedium für ein elektronisches Steuergerät gespeichert oder in einem elektronischen Steuergerät hinterlegt ist. Das Computerprogramm ermöglicht ein vollständig automatisiert ablaufendes Verfahren. Insbesondere ermöglicht es die Verarbeitung der über den mindestens einen Sensor erfassten Messwerte und die Berechnung der mehreren Volumeneinzelwerte Vi, V2, ...Vn bzw. des Volumens V als Mittelwert. Preferably, the iterative determination of the volume V is carried out in accordance with a computer program which is stored on an external storage medium for an electronic control unit or stored in an electronic control unit. The computer program allows a completely automated procedure. In particular, it allows the processing of the detected via the at least one sensor measured values and the calculation of several individual values volume Vi, V2, ... V n and V as the volume mean value.
Zur Lösung der eingangs genannten Aufgabe wird daher ferner ein To solve the problem mentioned above is therefore also a
Computerprogramm vorgeschlagen, das auf einem externen Speichermedium für ein elektronisches Steuergerät gespeichert oder in einem elektronischen Steuergerät hinterlegt ist und zur Durchführung eines erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens geeignet ist. Das heißt, dass das Computerprogramm speziell zur Durchführung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens eingerichtet ist. Computer program proposed that is stored on an external storage medium for an electronic control unit or stored in an electronic control unit and is suitable for performing a method according to the invention. This means that the computer program is specially set up for carrying out the method according to the invention.
Darüber hinaus wird bzw. werden ein Speichermedium und/oder ein elektronisches Steuergerät jeweils mit einem solchen Computerprogramm vorgeschlagen. Bei dem Steuergerät kann es sich insbesondere um ein Motorsteuergerät handeln, das der Brennkraftmaschine zugeordnet und über Steuerleitungen mit dem mindestens einen Sensor und/oder Ventil des Gasversorgungssystems verbunden ist. Auf diese Weise können die über den mindestens einen Sensor erfassten Messwerte unmittelbar im Steuergerät verarbeitet und zur Ansteuerung des mindestens einen Ventils, insbesondere des Einblasventils und/oder des Absperrventils, genutzt werden. In addition, a storage medium and / or an electronic control unit is proposed in each case with such a computer program. In particular, the control unit may be an engine control unit which is assigned to the internal combustion engine and connected via control lines to the at least one sensor and / or valve of the gas supply system. In this way, the measured values acquired via the at least one sensor can be processed directly in the control unit and used to control the at least one valve, in particular the injection valve and / or the shut-off valve.
Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren wird nachfolgend anhand der beigefügten The inventive method is described below with reference to the attached
Zeichnung näher erläutert. Die Zeichnung zeigt eine schematische Darstellung Gasversorgungssystems. Ausführliche Beschreibung der Zeichnung Drawing explained in more detail. The drawing shows a schematic representation of gas supply system. Detailed description of the drawing
Dargestellt ist ein Gasversorgungssystem 1, das der Versorgung einer Brennkraftma- schine (nicht dargestellt) mit einem gasförmigen Brennstoff dient. Bei dem gasförmigen Brennstoff handelt es sich vorliegend um CNG („Compressed Natural Gas"), das in einem Gastank 2 des Gasversorgungssystems 1 bevorratet wird. Der Gastank 2 steht unter hohem Druck und weist ein Absperrventil 11 auf. Ist dieses Geöffnet strömt der gasförmige Brennstoff aus dem Gastank 2 in eine Kraftstoff leitung 4, welche den Gastank 2 mit mehreren Einblasventilen 3 verbindet, die an einem Saugrohr 10 angeordnet sind. Über das Saugrohr 10 wird Luft angesaugt und der Brennkraftmaschine zugeführt. Zuvor wird die angesaugte Luft mit dem gasförmigen Brennstoff gemischt, der hierzu über die Einblasventile 3 in das Saugrohr 10 eingeblasen wird. Shown is a gas supply system 1, which serves to supply an internal combustion engine (not shown) with a gaseous fuel. In the present case, the gaseous fuel is CNG ("Compressed Natural Gas") stored in a gas tank 2 of the gas supply system 1. The gas tank 2 is under high pressure and has a shut-off valve 11. When this is opened, the gaseous fuel flows from the gas tank 2 into a fuel line 4, which connects the gas tank 2 with a plurality of injection valves 3, which are arranged on a suction pipe 10. Air is sucked in via the suction pipe 10 and supplied to the internal combustion engine 11. Before that, the sucked-in air is mixed with the gaseous fuel , which is injected via the injection valves 3 in the suction pipe 10.
Da idealerweise der Einblasdruck deutlich unter dem Gasdruck im Gastank 2 liegt, ist in der Kraftstoffleitung 4 ein Druckminderer 5 angeordnet. Der Druckminderer 5 unterteilt somit das Gasversorgungssystem 1 in einen Hochdruckbereich 6 und einen Niederdruckbereich 7. Der Hochdruckbereich 6 erstreckt sich stromaufwärts des Druckminderers 5 bis zum Gastank 2. Der Niederdruckbereich erstreckt sich stromabwärts des Druckminderers 5 bis zu den Einblasventilen 3. Dem Hochdruckbereich 6 ist ein erster Sensor 8 zugeordnet, der den dort herrschenden Druck p erfasst. Ein zweiter Sensor 9 ist im Niederdruckbereich 9 angeordnet und dient dem Erfassen des dort herrschenden Drucks p sowie der Temperatur T. Im Niederdruckbereich 7 ist ferner ein Filter 14 in die Kraftstoffleitung 4 integriert. Since ideally the injection pressure is significantly lower than the gas pressure in the gas tank 2, a pressure reducer 5 is arranged in the fuel line 4. The pressure reducer 5 thus divides the gas supply system 1 into a high pressure region 6 and a low pressure region 7. The high pressure region 6 extends upstream of the pressure reducer 5 to the gas tank 2. The low pressure region extends downstream of the pressure reducer 5 to the injection valves 3. The high pressure region 6 is a associated with the first sensor 8, which detects the prevailing pressure p there. A second sensor 9 is arranged in the low-pressure region 9 and serves to detect the prevailing pressure p and the temperature T. In the low-pressure region 7, a filter 14 is further integrated into the fuel line 4.
Das dargestellte Gasversorgungssystem 1 umfasst darüber hinaus ein Steuergerät 12, das über Steuerleitungen 13 mit dem Absperrventil 11, den Einblasventilen 3 und den Sensoren 8, 9 verbunden ist. Des Weiteren ist das Steuergerät 12 über Steuerleitungen 13 mit einem im Saugrohr 10 angeordneten Luftmassensensor 15 und einer stromabwärts des Lustmassensensors 15 im Saugrohr 10 platzierten Drosselklappe 16 verbunden. Sowohl der Luftmassensensor 15, als auch die Drosselklappe 16 sind stromaufwärts der Einblasventile 3 angeordnet. Stromabwärts der Einblasventile 3 ragt ein Saugrohrdrucksensor 17 in das Saugrohr 10 hinein. Dieser ist ebenfalls über eine Steuerleitung 13 mit dem Steuergerät 12 verbunden. Im Steuergerät 12 ist ein Computerprogramm gespeichert, das während des Betriebs der Brennkraftmaschine eine iterative Bestimmung des Volumens des Gasversorgungssystems 1 ermöglicht. Nach Maßgabe des Computerprogramms werden hierzu über den Sensor 9 der Druck p und die Temperatur T in der Kraftstoffleitung 4 gemessen und die Messwerte an das Steuergerät geleitet. Die Gasmasse m wird als Massestrom über die Zeit aus dem Lambdasignal und der Luftmasse errechnet. Die gemessen Werte ermöglichen die Berechnung des Volumens, wobei in vorgegebenen Zeitabständen die Messungen und Berechnungen wiederholt werden, so dass mehrere Volumeneinzelwerte Vi, V2, ...Vn bestimmt werden, die anschließend zur Bestimmung des Volumens V gemittelt werden. The illustrated gas supply system 1 further comprises a control unit 12 which is connected via control lines 13 to the shut-off valve 11, the injection valves 3 and the sensors 8, 9. Furthermore, the control unit 12 is connected via control lines 13 to an air mass sensor 15 arranged in the intake manifold 10 and to a throttle valve 16 located downstream of the pleasure mass sensor 15 in the intake manifold 10. Both the air mass sensor 15, and the throttle valve 16 are arranged upstream of the injection valves 3. Downstream of the injection valves 3, an intake manifold pressure sensor 17 projects into the intake manifold 10. This is also connected via a control line 13 to the controller 12. In the control unit 12, a computer program is stored, which allows an iterative determination of the volume of the gas supply system 1 during operation of the internal combustion engine. In accordance with the computer program, the pressure p and the temperature T in the fuel line 4 are measured via the sensor 9 and the measured values are passed to the control unit. The gas mass m is calculated as mass flow over time from the lambda signal and the air mass. The measured values enable the calculation of the volume, wherein the measurements and calculations are repeated at predetermined time intervals so that a number of volume individual values Vi, V2,... V n are determined, which are then averaged to determine the volume V.

Claims

Ansprüche claims
1. Verfahren zur Bestimmung eines Volumens (V) in einem 1. A method for determining a volume (V) in one
Gasversorgungssystem (1) einer Brennkraftmaschine, wobei das Gas supply system (1) of an internal combustion engine, wherein the
Gasversorgungssystem (1) mindestens eine einen Gastank (2) mit mindestens einem Einblasventil (3) verbindende Kraftstoffleitung (4) mit einem Druckminderer (5) umfasst, der das Gasversorgungssystem (1) in einen Hochdruckbereich (6) und einen Niederdruckbereich (7) unterteilt, Gas supply system (1) at least one a gas tank (2) with at least one inflation valve (3) connecting the fuel line (4) with a pressure reducer (5), which divides the gas supply system (1) in a high pressure area (6) and a low pressure area (7) .
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Volumen (V) im Hochdruckbereich (6) und/oder im Niederdruckbereich (7) des Gasversorgungssystems (1) während des Betriebs der Brennkraftmaschine iterativ bestimmt wird. characterized in that the volume (V) in the high pressure region (6) and / or in the low pressure region (7) of the gas supply system (1) during the operation of the internal combustion engine is determined iteratively.
2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, 2. The method according to claim 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass bei der iterativen Bestimmung des Volumens (V) mehrere Volumeneinzelwerten (Vi, V2, ...Vn) gemittelt werden und zur Bestimmung der Volumeneinzelwerte (Vi, V2, ...Vn) die Druckeinbrüche in Abhängigkeit vom characterized in that in the iterative determination of the volume (V) a plurality of volume individual values (Vi, V2, ... V n ) are averaged and for determining the individual volume values (Vi, V2, ... V n ) the pressure drops as a function of
Gasverbrauch in vorgegebenen Zeitabständen ermittelt werden. Gas consumption can be determined at predetermined intervals.
3. Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, 3. The method according to any one of the preceding claims,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass bei der iterativen Bestimmung des Volumens (V) mindestens ein mittels eines Sensors (8, 9), vorzugsweise mittels eines Druck- und/oder Temperatursensors, erfassbarer Messwert eingesetzt wird, der in characterized in that in the iterative determination of the volume (V) at least one by means of a sensor (8, 9), preferably by means of a pressure and / or temperature sensor, detectable measured value is used, the in
vorgegebenen Zeitabständen wiederholt gemessen wird, wobei weiterhin vorzugsweise der Druck (p) und/oder die Temperatur (T) in der Kraftstoffleitung (4) gemessen und als Messwert eingesetzt wird bzw. werden is measured repeatedly at predetermined intervals, wherein further preferably the pressure (p) and / or the temperature (T) in the fuel line (4) is measured and used as a measured value or be
4. Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, 4. The method according to any one of the preceding claims,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass bei der iterativen Bestimmung des Volumens (V) die aus der Kraftstoffleitung (4) abströmende Gasmasse (m) als Massestrom über die Zeit aus dem Lambdasignal und der Luftmasse in einem Saugrohr (10) errechnet wird. characterized in that in the iterative determination of the volume (V) from the fuel line (4) effluent gas mass (m) is calculated as mass flow over time from the lambda signal and the air mass in a suction pipe (10).
5. Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, 5. The method according to any one of the preceding claims,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Verfahren jeweils nach einem von mehreren aufeinanderfolgenden Betankungsvorgängen durchgeführt wird und die derart bestimmten Volumina (V) erneut gemittelt werden. characterized in that the method is carried out in each case after one of several consecutive refueling operations and the volumes (V) determined in this way are averaged again.
6. Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, 6. The method according to any one of the preceding claims,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das zu bestimmende Volumen (V) durch Schließen mindestens eines Absperrventils (11), das im Hochdruckbereich (6) und/oder im Niederdruckbereich (7) angeordnet ist, begrenzt wird. characterized in that the volume to be determined (V) is limited by closing at least one shut-off valve (11) which is arranged in the high-pressure region (6) and / or in the low-pressure region (7).
7. Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, 7. The method according to any one of the preceding claims,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die iterative Bestimmung des Volumens (V) nach Maßgabe eines Computerprogramms durchgeführt wird, das auf einem externen Speichermedium für ein Steuergerät (12) gespeichert oder in einem Steuergerät (12) hinterlegt ist. characterized in that the iterative determination of the volume (V) is carried out in accordance with a computer program which is stored on an external storage medium for a control unit (12) or stored in a control unit (12).
8. Computerprogramm, das auf einem externen Speichermedium für ein 8. Computer program running on an external storage medium for a
Steuergerät (12) gespeichert oder in einem Steuergerät (12) hinterlegt ist und zur Durchführung eines Verfahrens nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche geeignet ist. Control unit (12) is stored or stored in a control unit (12) and is suitable for carrying out a method according to one of the preceding claims.
9. Speichermedium mit einem Computerprogramm nach Anspruch 8. 9. Storage medium with a computer program according to claim 8.
Elektronisches Steuergerät (12) mit einem Computerprogramm nach Anspruch 8. Electronic control unit (12) with a computer program according to claim 8.
PCT/EP2017/065181 2016-07-28 2017-06-21 Method for determining a volume in a gas supply system WO2018019481A1 (en)

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JPH08277750A (en) * 1995-04-04 1996-10-22 Nissan Motor Co Ltd Fuel leakage detector for gas engine
DE102006022357B3 (en) * 2006-05-12 2007-10-11 Siemens Ag Fuel tank gas composition determination for motor vehicle, involves determining actual composition of gas mixture under consideration of fuel consumption during dropping of vapor pressure of integral part of gas mixture in tank
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