WO2018006708A1 - 重金属污染土壤异位化学淋洗修复和洗出液回用装置及方法 - Google Patents

重金属污染土壤异位化学淋洗修复和洗出液回用装置及方法 Download PDF

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WO2018006708A1
WO2018006708A1 PCT/CN2017/089284 CN2017089284W WO2018006708A1 WO 2018006708 A1 WO2018006708 A1 WO 2018006708A1 CN 2017089284 W CN2017089284 W CN 2017089284W WO 2018006708 A1 WO2018006708 A1 WO 2018006708A1
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Prior art keywords
tank
eluate
soil
reaction
heavy metal
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PCT/CN2017/089284
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
游建军
钟儒波
胡志鑫
唐传祥
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湖南艾布鲁环保科技有限公司
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Publication of WO2018006708A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018006708A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
    • B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
    • B09C1/00—Reclamation of contaminated soil
    • B09C1/02—Extraction using liquids, e.g. washing, leaching, flotation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
    • B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
    • B09C1/00—Reclamation of contaminated soil
    • B09C1/08—Reclamation of contaminated soil chemically
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F9/00—Multistage treatment of water, waste water or sewage
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/46—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods
    • C02F1/461—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis
    • C02F1/463—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis by electrocoagulation
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/52—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/66—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by neutralisation; pH adjustment
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/72—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2301/00—General aspects of water treatment
    • C02F2301/08—Multistage treatments, e.g. repetition of the same process step under different conditions

Definitions

  • the application belongs to the field of soil treatment of heavy metal contaminated sites, and further refers to a device and method for ectopic chemical leaching repair and eluate reuse of soil contaminated by heavy metals.
  • Chemical leaching repair is an important technique for the remediation of contaminated soil environments. With the help of chemical/biochemical solvents that promote the dissolution or migration of pollutants in the soil environment, the eluent injection is promoted by gravity or by hydraulic head. Into the contaminated soil layer, and then extract the liquid containing the pollutants from the soil layer, the separation and sewage treatment technology. Eluents typically have the effect of rinsing, solubilizing, emulsifying or changing the chemical nature of the contaminants. So far, chemical leaching technology has focused on the treatment of organic contaminants with surfactants and the treatment of heavy metals with chelating agents or acids to repair contaminated soil. Compared with other treatment methods, the leaching method can not only remove a large amount of pollutants in the soil, limit the diffusion range of harmful pollutants, but also has the advantages of relatively little investment and consumption, and the operator may not directly contact the pollutants.
  • in-situ chemical leaching repairs contaminated soil with many advantages, such as long-lasting, easy-to-operate, and high permeability.
  • the in-situ chemical leaching technique has the disadvantage that it is only suitable for porous, permeable soils.
  • in-situ remediation requires a clear understanding of the nature of the subsurface soil and the structural layer, and measures to prevent further diffusion of contaminants during the remediation process; in general, in-situ remediation requires longer run times and time periods There is still a lot of uncertainty.
  • the present application provides soil ectopic repair technology for contaminated sites, and ectopic repair is applicable to contaminated sites with high pollution concentration and high risk; direct and effective technical methods can be selected to concentrate on contaminated soil, and treatment efficiency High and thorough.
  • Heterogeneous chemical leaching repair and eluate recycling device for heavy metal contaminated soil including dry drum type screening equipment, grinding machine, wet drum type screening equipment, primary leaching reaction tank, secondary rinsing reaction tank and
  • the eluate recycling device comprises: an eluate collecting tank connected in sequence, a regulating neutralization tank, an electric flocculation device, an aeration oxidation tank, a diatomaceous earth circulation clarification tank, and a pH returning pool , the eluent back to the pool;
  • the dry drum type screening device is provided with a fine soil storage bucket and a coarse soil storage bucket at the bottom;
  • the wet drum type screening device is provided with a wet fine soil storage bucket and wet coarse soil at the bottom a storage tank;
  • the coarse soil storage tank of the dry drum type screening apparatus is in communication with the top of the mill, the bottom of the mill is in communication with the top of the wet drum type screening apparatus;
  • the dry drum screen The fine soil storage bucket of the sub-equipment and the
  • the top of the dry drum type screening device is connected with a conveying device.
  • the delivery device comprises a spiral belt conveyor.
  • the dry drum type screening device is internally provided with a grid, and the grid is composed of two sections, one section is a first fine grid, and the sieve particle size is 15 to 50 mm, below the first fine grid. There is a fine soil storage bucket; the other section is a first coarse grid with a sieve particle size of 50-200 mm, and a coarse soil storage bucket is arranged below the first coarse grid.
  • the grinding machine is provided with a grinding machine core.
  • the wet drum type screening device is internally provided with a grid, the grid is composed of two sections, one section is a second fine grid, the sieve particle size is 15-50 mm, and the second fine grid is arranged below There is a wet and fine soil storage bucket, and the other section is a second coarse grid, the sieve particle size is 50-200 mm, and a wet coarse soil storage bucket is arranged below the second coarse grid.
  • the first-stage rinsing reaction tank is provided with a spray water supply pipe at the top of the inner circumference, and a first-stage leaching reaction tank wash liquid water outlet tank is arranged at the top, and the first strong mixer is disposed in the tank.
  • the top of the first-stage rinsing reaction tank is connected with a water adding device, and the water adding device is provided with a water adding pipe.
  • the top of the inner circumference of the secondary rinsing reaction tank is provided with a spray medicinal tube, and the top is provided with a secondary rinsing reaction tank washing liquid out of the water tank, and a second powerful mixer is arranged in the tank.
  • the top of the secondary rinsing reaction tank is connected with a medicinal device, and the medicating device is provided with a medicinal pipe.
  • the bottom of the secondary rinsing reaction tank is connected with a sludge treatment device, and the sludge treatment equipment package Including a slurry concentration tank, a sludge screw pump and a plate and frame filter press connected in sequence.
  • a sludge treatment equipment package Including a slurry concentration tank, a sludge screw pump and a plate and frame filter press connected in sequence.
  • the mud concentrating tank is made of steel, the steel plate has a thickness of 10-15 mm, is processed into a cone type, and the angle of the cone is 150°.
  • the bottom of the adjustment neutralization tank is provided with a first air agitating tube, and a lime milk dosing tank is arranged beside the regulating neutralization pool.
  • the electro-flocculation device is provided with a plate at a space of 450-500 mm from the bottom of the pool, and a plurality of plates are arranged on the plate bracket.
  • the bottom of the aeration oxidation tank is provided with a rotary mixing aerator, a liquid level gauge is arranged on the inner wall side, and a lifting water pump is arranged beside the pool.
  • the diatomaceous earth circulation clarifier is provided with an inlet pipe, a nozzle, a throat and a first reaction chamber from the bottom to the top, a second reaction chamber is arranged beside the first reaction chamber, and an upper portion of the second reaction chamber is provided
  • the inclined pipe assembly, the upper part of the inclined pipe assembly is provided with an annular sump; the bottom of the diatomaceous earth clarification clarifier is provided with a drain pipe, and the top of the pool is provided with a pipe riser.
  • the bottom of the pH recovery tank is provided with a second air agitating tube, and a dosing device disposed beside the pool.
  • the eluent backwater pool bottom is provided with a submersible pump, and the upper part of the tank wall is provided with a circulation return pipe, and the circulation return pipe is connected with the top of the first stage elution reaction tank.
  • Heterogeneous chemical leaching repair and eluate recycling method for heavy metal contaminated soil including the following steps:
  • the heavy metal contaminated soil is subjected to dry sieving, and after dry sieving, the fine soil with a particle size of 15 to 50 mm is subjected to primary leaching, and the coarse soil having a particle size of 50 to 200 mm is ground;
  • Lotion, liquid to solid ratio 8-12:1, pH 5 ⁇ 8, rinsing time 6-10h, stirring reaction time is 2-3h;
  • the mud is compressed, filtered and then stored, and then used after passing the test.
  • the preferred solution is to use a heavy metal contaminated soil ectopic chemical leaching repair and eluate recycling device for processing, specifically comprising the following steps:
  • the heavy metal contaminated soil is transported to the dry drum type screening equipment. After dry screening, the fine soil with a particle size of 15 to 50 mm falls into the fine soil storage tank and is transported to the first-stage elution reaction tank for rinsing.
  • the coarse soil with a particle size of 50-200mm falls into the coarse soil storage tank and is sent to the grinding machine for grinding;
  • the first-stage leaching reaction uses water as the eluent, the liquid-solid ratio is 8-12:1, the pH is 5-8, and the rinsing time is 6-10h, stirring reaction time is 2-3h;
  • the slurry after washing with the first-stage leaching reaction tank enters the secondary rinsing reaction tank for drug washing, and the second rinsing reaction uses malic acid as the eluent, and the concentration is 0.1-0.2 mol/L.
  • the solid ratio is 8-12:1, the pH is 4-5, the rinsing time is 12-14h, and the stirring reaction time is 4-6h;
  • the eluate enters the eluent recovery basin after being treated by the neutralization tank, the electroflocculation equipment, the aeration oxidation tank, the diatomaceous earth circulation clarification tank and the pH recovery tank, and the submersible pump is disposed at the bottom of the tank.
  • the circulating reuse pipe provided in the upper part of the pool wall is returned to the first-stage elution reaction tank for rinsing;
  • the specific process of the eluate recycling treatment comprises: adjusting the pH of the eluate through the adjusted neutralization tank into the pre-neutralization reaction tank to maintain the pH between 7.5 and 8.5;
  • the liquid enters the electro-flocculation equipment to maintain the pH between 8.5 and 10.0, so that electrolysis flocculation, electrolysis flotation and electrolytic redox reaction occur better;
  • the electro-flocculation equipment effluent enters the aeration oxidation tank for aeration agitation and oxidation reaction Aeration tank
  • the effluent enters the diatomaceous earth circulation clarification tank, and the diatomaceous earth solution is added to the inlet pipe, and is sprayed into the throat pipe through the nozzle at a high flow rate.
  • the nozzle flow rate is controlled above 7-9 m/s, and a negative around the nozzle occurs.
  • the nip area is such that the slag water of the bell mouth attachment is about 3 to 5 times the raw water amount and is sucked into the throat pipe with the raw water.
  • the flow rate in the throat pipe is 2 to 3 m/s, and after the reaction, it flows to the first reaction chamber, and the water flow passes through the first reaction.
  • the cross section of the water gradually expands, and the rising flow rate gradually decreases, which provides good conditions for the active sludge of different particle sizes to contact with the microflocs in the water; the flow from the second reaction chamber Part of the water enters the inclined pipe assembly upwards, the sludge sinks rapidly, and the sinking sludge and the rest of the water flowing out of the second reaction chamber are returned to the nozzle, so that the circulation is repeated; the diatomaceous earth circulation clarifier effluent Enter the pH recovery tank to adjust the pH back to 6-9; the pH return tank effluent enters the eluent recovery tank and returns to the primary rinse reactor for leaching.
  • the beneficial effects of the present application are: the ectopic chemical leaching repair is suitable for a site with high pollution concentration and high risk; the direct and effective technical solution can be selected to concentrate on the contaminated soil, and the treatment efficiency is high and thorough. In addition, the eluate is recycled and reused to save energy and no secondary pollution.
  • Figure 1 is a heavy metal contaminated soil ectopic chemical leaching repair and eluate recycling device
  • FIG. 2 is a process flow diagram of an ectopic chemical leaching repair of heavy metal contaminated soil
  • 3-dry drum type screening equipment 3-1 - first fine grid, 3-2- fine soil storage tank, 3-3- first coarse grid, 3-4 - coarse soil storage bucket
  • 5-wet drum type screening equipment 5-1-second fine grid, 5-2-wet fine soil storage tank, 5-3-second coarse grid, 5-4-wet coarse soil storage bucket
  • 6-primary rinsing reaction tank 6-primary rinsing reaction tank, 6-1-spraying water pipe, 6-2-first rinsing reaction tank washing liquid out of the water tank, 6-3-first strong mixer
  • 14-diatomaceous earth circulation clarifier 14-1-inlet pipe, 14-2-nozzle, 14-3-throat, 14-4-first reaction chamber, 14-5-second reaction chamber, 14-6 - annular sump, 14-7-inclined pipe assembly, 14-8-drain pipe, 14-9-throat riser
  • 15-PH callback tank 15-1-second air mixing tube, 15-2-dosing device
  • a device for soil ectopic chemical leaching repair and eluate reuse of a heavy metal tail contaminated site including a dry drum type screening device 3 , a grinder 4 , and a wet drum type screening device
  • the device 5 the first-stage rinsing reaction tank 6, the second-stage rinsing reaction tank 8, and the eluate recycling device;
  • the eluate recycling device comprises an eluate collecting tank 10 and a regulating neutralization tank 11 which are sequentially connected , electric flocculation equipment 12, aeration oxidation tank 13, diatomaceous earth circulation clarification tank 14, pH value adjustment tank 15, eluent recovery pool 16;
  • the bottom of the dry drum type screening equipment 3 is provided with fine soil storage a barrel 3-2 and a coarse soil storage tank 3-4;
  • a bottom of the wet drum type screening device 5 is provided with a wet fine soil storage tank 5-2 and a wet coarse soil storage tank 5-4;
  • the dry drum type sieve The coarse soil storage tank 3-4 of the sub-equip
  • the soil silo 1 is made of steel, the thickness of the steel plate is 10mm, and the silo has a hopper, a cylinder, a dust collector, a safety valve, a level gauge, a vibrator, a manhole, a ladder, a railing, a cooling device, and a weighing. System and other components.
  • the conveying device 2 comprises a spiral belt conveyor.
  • the grid of the dry drum type screening device 3 is composed of two sections, one section is the first fine grid 3-1, the sieve particle size is 15-50 mm, and the bottom is equipped with a fine soil storage bucket 3-2; One end is the second coarse grid 3-3, the sieve particle size is 50-200 mm, and the coarse soil storage tank 3-4 is arranged below.
  • a grinding machine core 4-1 is disposed in the grinder 4.
  • the wet drum type screening device 5 grid consists of two sections, one section is a second fine grid 5-1, the sieve particle size is 15-50 mm, and the lower part is equipped with a wet soil storage bucket 5-2, and the other end is For the second coarse grid 5-3, the sieve particle size is 50-200 mm, and the lower portion is provided with a wet coarse soil storage tank 5-4.
  • the wet drum type screening device performs a wet sieve by a water spray pipe installed at the top of the apparatus when the soil is sieved.
  • the first-stage rinsing reaction tank 6 is made of steel, the thickness of the steel plate is 10 mm, and is processed into a cone type, the angle of the cone is 135°, and the tank is made of three cloth and four oils for corrosion protection.
  • the top circumference of the first-stage rinsing reaction tank 6 is provided with a spray water supply pipe 6-1, and the spray water supply pipe diameter is DN32mm, and the angle is 45° along the center line of the bottom of the pipe, and the spacing is 100mm.
  • the outer edge of the top of the first-stage rinsing reaction tank is provided with a first-stage rinsing reaction tank washing liquid outlet tank 6-2; the first strong mixer 6-3 is arranged in the tank, and the speed of the mixer is 136r/min.
  • the water adding device 7 comprises a water adding pipe with a diameter of DN 32 mm.
  • the first-stage leaching reaction uses water as the eluent, the liquid-solid ratio is 10:1, the pH is 5-8, the rinsing time is 6h, the stirring reaction time is 2h, and the target heavy metals are As, Cr, Pb, Zn and the like. With clear water as the eluent, it can avoid the secondary pollution that the eluent may bring.
  • the secondary rinsing reaction tank 8 is made of steel, the thickness of the steel plate is 10 mm, and is processed into a cone type, the angle of the cone is 135°, and the tank is made of three cloth and four oils for corrosion protection.
  • the top circumference of the secondary rinsing reaction tank 8 is provided with a spray medicinal tube 8-1.
  • the diameter of the spray medicated tube is DN32mm, and the angle is 45° along the center line of the bottom of the tube, and the spacing is 100mm.
  • Hole; the outer edge of the top of the secondary rinsing reaction tank is provided with a secondary rinsing reaction tank washing liquid outlet tank 8-2; a second strong mixer 8-3 is arranged in the tank, and the speed of the mixer is 100r/min.
  • the dosing device 9 comprises a dosing pipe having a diameter of DN 32 mm.
  • the secondary rinsing reaction uses malic acid as the eluent, and the concentration is 0.1 mol/L, the liquid-solid ratio is 10:1, the pH is 4-5, the rinsing time is 12 h, and the stirring reaction time is 4 h.
  • the target heavy metals are Dd, Cr, Pb, Hg, and the like.
  • the inlet of the eluate collection tank 10 is provided with an inlet pipe 10-1.
  • the bottom of the adjustment neutralization tank 11 is provided with a first air agitating tube 11-1, and the diameter of the air agitating tube is DN32 mm, and the diameter is The hole pitch is 200 mm, and the holes are staggered downward at 45° to the horizontal.
  • the top of the pool is provided with a lime milk canister 11-2. The pH was adjusted by adding alkaline lime milk to the lime milk canister placed at the top of the pool to maintain the pH between 7.5 and 8.5.
  • the electro-flocculation device 12 is provided with a plate bracket 12-1 at a distance of 450 mm from the bottom of the pool, and the plate bracket is made of [80 ⁇ 8 mm channel steel, and the plate plate 12-2 is provided on the plate bracket, the plate
  • the pH adjustment system 12-4 disposed beside the pool includes an acid-base tank and a preparation system, a variable frequency dosing pump and a pH meter, and the pH is finely adjusted to between 8.5 and 10.0.
  • the bottom of the aeration oxidation tank 13 is provided with a rotary mixing aerator 13-1, the inner wall is provided with a liquid level gauge 13-2, and a lifting pump 13-3 is arranged beside the pool.
  • the diatomaceous earth circulation clarification tank 14 is provided with an inlet pipe 14-1 (and a diatomaceous earth solution added to the inlet pipe) from the bottom to the top, a nozzle 14-2, a throat 14-3, and a first reaction.
  • a second reaction chamber 14-5 is disposed beside the chamber 14-4, and an inclined tube assembly 14-7 is disposed at an upper portion of the second reaction chamber, an annular sump 14-6 is disposed at an upper portion of the inclined tube assembly, and a drain tube 14 is disposed at the bottom of the chamber.
  • the discharged excess sludge containing heavy metals is recovered by a qualified unit, and the top of the pool is provided with a pipe riser 14-9.
  • the bottom of the PH recovery tank 15 is provided with a second air agitating pipe 15-1, and the second air agitating pipe has a diameter of DN25 mm and a diameter of The hole spacing is 150mm, the holes are staggered downwards and horizontally at 45°, and the dosing device 15-2 disposed at the top of the pool adds a dilute sulfuric acid solution to the pool to adjust the pH to between 6 and 9.
  • a submersible pump 16-1 is disposed at the bottom of the eluent recovery pool 16, and a circulation return pipe 16-2 is disposed on the wall of the pool.
  • the mud concentrating tank 17 is made of steel, the thickness of the steel plate is 10 mm, and is processed into a cone type, the angle of the cone is 150°, and the tank is made of three cloth and four oils.
  • the sludge screw pump 18 and the plate and frame filter press 19 are used in combination to treat the soil slurry after leaching.
  • the temporary storage 20 of the mud storage room is a working room to temporarily store the soil after passing the leaching treatment.
  • the qualified soil backfill is sent to the qualified soil backfill 21 by the automobile.
  • the heavy metal contaminated soil containing As, Cd, Pb, Zn, Hg and the like is loaded into the contaminated soil silo 1 by the excavator, and transported by the conveying device 2 to the dry drum type screening device 3, after passing through Dry sieving, fine soil with a particle size of 15 to 50 mm falls into the fine soil storage tank 3-2, and is sent to the primary leaching reaction tank 6 for leaching; the coarse soil with a particle size of 50 to 200 mm falls into the coarse soil storage tank. 3-4, transported to the grinder 4 for grinding; the ground soil enters the wet drum type screening device 5, and when the wet drum type screening device screens the soil, the spray pipe installed at the top is sprayed with water Wet sieve.
  • the fine soil having a particle size of less than 15 mm falls into the wet fine soil storage tank 5-2, and is sent to the first-stage reaction tank for rinsing.
  • the first-stage leaching reaction uses water as the eluent, the liquid-solid ratio is 10:1, the pH is 5-8, the rinsing time is 6h, the stirring reaction time is 2h, and the target heavy metals are As, Cd, Pb, Zn, Hg, etc.;
  • the coarse soil of 200 mm particle size falls into the wet coarse soil storage tank 5-4; it is returned to the grinder for grinding.
  • the slurry After the water washed by the first-stage leaching reaction tank, the slurry enters the secondary rinsing reaction tank for drug washing, the second rinsing time is 12h, and the stirring reaction time is 4h.
  • the target heavy metal is Cd, Pb, Zn, Hg, etc.
  • the supernatant after the first rinsing reaction tank 6 and the second rinsing reaction tank 8 is precipitated by the first rinsing reaction tank washing liquid out of the water tank 6-2, two The stage elution reaction tank eluate discharge tank 8-2 is discharged to the eluate collection tank 10, the adjusted neutralization tank 11, the electric flocculation equipment 12, the aeration oxidation tank 13, the diatomaceous earth circulation clarification tank 14 and the pH callback
  • the pool 15 After the pool 15 is processed, it enters the eluent recovery pool 16, and is returned to the eluent circulation recycling system by the submersible pump 16-1 disposed at the bottom of the pool via the circulation return pipe 16-2 provided at the upper portion of the pool wall.
  • the precipitated slurry is transferred from the bottom into the slurry concentration tank 17, and then pumped by the sludge screw pump 18 to the plate and frame filter press 19 for pressing, and the pressed sludge is stacked.
  • the target pollutants for leaching repair are Cd, Pb, Zn, As and Hg.
  • the entire demonstration project has a washing capacity of about 12,000 tons.
  • the targets for multi-metal contaminated soil leaching in the demonstration project are as follows:
  • the first stage rinsing reaction uses clear water as the eluent, the liquid-solid ratio is 10:1, the pH is 5-8, the rinsing time is 6h, and the reaction time is stirred for 2h;
  • the second rinsing reaction uses malic acid as the eluent, the concentration is 0.1 mol/L, the liquid-solid ratio is 10:1, the pH is 4-5, the rinsing time is 12 h, and the stirring reaction time is 4 h;
  • the pH of the pre-neutralization reaction tank is maintained between 7.5 and 8.5; the pH of the electroflocculation equipment is maintained between 8.5 and 10.0; the nozzle flow rate is controlled above 7 to 9 m/s; The flow rate in the tube is 2 to 3 m/s; the pH recovery tank is between 6 and 9.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)

Abstract

一种重金属污染土壤异位化学淋洗修复和洗出液回用装置，该装置包括干式滚筒式筛分设备（3）、研磨机（4）、湿式滚筒式筛分设备（5）、一级淋洗反应罐（6）、二级淋洗反应罐（8）以及洗出液回用设备；所述洗出液回用设备包括依次连通的洗出液收集池（10）、调节中和池（11）、电絮凝设备（12）、曝气氧化池（13）、硅藻土循环澄清池（14）、pH值回调池（15）、淋洗液回用水池（16）。还公开了一种重金属污染土壤异位化学淋洗修复和洗出液回用方法，该方法利用上述装置进行异位化学淋洗修复和洗出液回用，适用于污染浓度较高，风险性较大的场地；可以选择直接有效的技术方法集中处理污染土壤，处理效率高且彻底。另外，对洗出液循环回用，节约能源，无二次污染。

Description

重金属污染土壤异位化学淋洗修复和洗出液回用装置及方法
本申请要求于2016年7月5日提交中国专利局、申请号为201610522057.7、发明名称为“重金属污染土壤异位化学淋洗修复和洗出液回用装置及方法”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请属于重金属污染场地土壤治理领域，进一步是指一种重金属污染场地土壤的异位化学淋洗修复和洗出液回用的装置及方法。
背景技术
化学淋洗修复是一种重要的应用于污染土壤环境修复的技术，借助能促进土壤环境中污染物溶解或迁移的化学/生物化学溶剂，在重力作用下或通过水力压头推动淋洗液注入到被污染土层中，然后再把包含有污染物的液体从土层中抽提出来，进行分离和污水处理的技术。淋洗液通常具有淋洗、增溶、乳化或改变污染物化学性质的作用。到目前为止，化学淋洗技术主要围绕着用表面活性剂处理有机污染物，用螯合剂或酸处理重金属来修复被污染的土壤。与其他处理方法相比，淋洗法不仅可以去除土壤中大量的污染物，限制有害污染物的扩散范围，还具有投资及消耗相对较少，操作人员可不直接接触污染物等优点。
国内外在以前的化学淋洗修复过程中，一般偏重于原位化学淋洗修复，尤其是在国外。原位化学淋洗修复污染土壤虽有很多优点，如长效性、易操作性、高渗透性。从污染土壤性质来看，原位化学淋洗技术存在的缺点是，只适用于多孔隙、易渗透的土壤。另外，原位修复需要对地下土壤的性质以及结构层有清晰的了解，并且要采取防止修复过程中污染物进一步扩散的措施；一般情况下，原位修复需要较长的运行时间，且时间周期还有很大的不确定性。
发明内容
针对现有技术的不足，本申请提供污染场地土壤异位修复技术，异位修复适用于污染浓度较高、风险性较大的污染场地；可以选择直接有效的技术方法集中处理污染土壤，处理效率高且彻底。
为了解决上述技术问题，本申请所采取的技术方案是：
重金属污染土壤异位化学淋洗修复和洗出液回用装置，包括干式滚筒式筛分设备、研磨机、湿式滚筒式筛分设备、一级淋洗反应罐、二级淋洗反应罐以及洗出液回用设备；所述洗出液回用设备包括依次连通的洗出液收集池、调节中和池、电絮凝设备、曝气氧化池、硅藻土循环澄清池、pH值回调池、淋洗液回用水池；所述干式滚筒式筛分设备底部设有细土壤储存桶和粗土壤储存桶；所述湿式滚筒式筛分设备底部设有湿细土壤储存桶和湿粗土壤储存桶；所述干式滚筒式筛分设备的粗土壤储存桶与所述研磨机顶部连通，所述研磨机底部与所述湿式滚筒式筛分设备的顶部连通；所述干式滚筒式筛分设备的细土壤储存桶和所述湿式滚筒式筛分设备的湿细土壤储存桶均与所述一级淋洗反应罐顶部连通，所述湿式滚筒式筛分设备的湿粗土壤储存桶与所述研磨机顶部连通；所述一级淋洗反应罐与所述二级淋洗反应罐连通，且所述一级淋洗反应罐和所述二级淋洗反应罐的顶部均与所述洗出液收集池连通。
优选方案，所述干式滚筒式筛分设备的顶连接有输送设备。
优选方案，所述输送设备包括螺旋带输送机。
优选方案，所述干式滚筒式筛分设备内部设有网格，所述格网由两段组成，一段为第一细格网，筛除粒径为15～50mm，第一细格网下方设有细土壤储存桶；另一段为第一粗格网，筛除粒径为50～200mm，第一粗格网下方设有粗土壤储存桶。
优选方案，所述研磨机内设置有研磨机心。
优选方案，所述湿式滚筒式筛分设备内部设有网格，所述格网由两段组成，一段为第二细格网，筛除粒径为15～50mm，第二细格网下方设有湿细土壤储存桶，另一段为第二粗格网，筛除粒径为50～200mm，第二粗格网下方设有湿粗土壤储存桶。
优选方案，所述一级淋洗反应罐内周顶部设置有喷淋加水管，顶部设有一级淋洗反应罐洗出液出水槽，罐中设置有第一强力搅拌机。
优选方案，所述一级淋洗反应罐顶部连接有加水设备，所述加水设备内设有加水管道。
优选方案，所述二级淋洗反应罐内周顶部设置有喷淋加药管，顶部设有二级淋洗反应罐洗出液出水槽，罐中设置有第二强力搅拌机。
优选方案，所述二级淋洗反应罐顶部连接有加药设备，所述加药设备内设有加药管道。
优选方案，所述二级淋洗反应罐底部连接有污泥处理设备，所述污泥处理设备包 括依次连接的泥浆浓缩池、污泥螺杆泵和板框压滤机。
优选方案，所述泥浆浓缩池为钢制，钢板厚度为10-15mm，加工成锥斗型，锥斗夹角为150°。
优选方案，所述调节中和池底部设置有第一空气搅拌管，所述调节中和池旁设置有石灰乳投加罐。
优选方案，所述电絮凝设备离池底往上450-500mm空间处设置有极板，极板支架上面设置有多块极板。
优选方案，所述曝气氧化池池底设置有旋混曝气器，内壁边设置有液位计，池旁设置有提升水泵。
优选方案，所述硅藻土循环澄清池从底部往上依次设置有进水管、喷嘴、喉管和第一反应室，第一反应室旁边设置有第二反应室，第二反应室上部设置有斜管组件，斜管组件上部设置有环形集水槽；所述硅藻土循环澄清池池底设置有排泥管，池顶部设置有喉管提升器。
优选方案，所述pH回调池底部设置有第二空气搅拌管，池旁设置的加药装置。
优选方案，所述淋洗液回用水池池底设置有潜水泵，池壁上部设有循环回用管，所述循环回用管与所述一级淋洗反应罐顶部连通。
重金属污染土壤异位化学淋洗修复和洗出液回用方法，包括以下步骤：
(1)将重金属污染土壤进行干筛分，经过干筛分，15～50mm粒径的细土壤进行一级淋洗，50～200mm粒径的粗土壤进行研磨；一级淋洗以清水为淋洗剂，液固比8-12:1，pH5～8，淋洗时间6-10h，搅拌反应时间为2-3h；
(2)经研磨后的土壤进入进行湿筛分，经过湿筛分，小于15mm粒径的细土壤同样进行步骤(1)所述一级淋洗；50～200mm粒径的粗土壤再返回进行研磨；
(3)对经过一级淋后的泥浆进行二级淋洗，二级淋洗反应以苹果酸为淋洗剂，投加浓度为0.1-0.2mol/L，液固比8-12:1，pH4～5，淋洗时间12-14h，搅拌反应时间为4-6h；
(4)收集一级淋洗和二级淋洗沉淀后的上清液对其进行洗出液回用处理；洗出液先调pH在7.5～8.5之间；pH调整后洗出液进入电絮凝设备，使pH保持在8.5～10.0之间，发生电解絮凝、电解气浮以及电解氧化还原反应；电絮凝设备出水进行曝气搅 拌及氧化反应；曝气池出水进入硅藻土循环澄清处理，硅藻土循环澄清处理出水进行pH回调至6～9之间；
(5)经过二级淋洗沉淀后的泥浆进行压缩、过滤后堆存，合格后再利用。
优选方案，使用重金属污染土壤异位化学淋洗修复和洗出液回用装置进行处理，具体包括以下步骤：
(1)将重金属污染土壤输送至干式滚筒式筛分设备，经过干式筛分，15～50mm粒径的细土壤落入细土壤储存桶，输送至一级淋洗反应罐进行淋洗，50～200mm粒径的粗土壤落入粗土壤储存桶，输送至研磨机进行研磨；一级淋洗反应以清水为淋洗剂，液固比8-12:1，pH5～8，淋洗时间6-10h，搅拌反应时间为2-3h；
(2)经研磨后的土壤进入湿式滚筒式筛分设备，湿式滚筒式筛分设备对土壤进行筛分时，由安装在顶部的喷水管喷水以进行湿筛；经过湿筛分，小于15mm粒径的细土壤落入湿细土壤储存桶内，输送至一级反应罐进行淋洗；50～200mm粒径的粗土壤落入湿粗土壤储存桶，返回研磨机进行研磨；
(3)经过一级淋洗反应罐水洗后的泥浆进入二级淋洗反应罐进行药洗，二级淋洗反应以苹果酸为淋洗剂，投加浓度为0.1-0.2mol/L，液固比8-12:1，pH4～5，淋洗时间12-14h，搅拌反应时间为4-6h；
(4)目标重金属经过一级淋洗反应罐和二级淋洗反应罐沉淀后的上清液由一级淋洗反应罐洗出液出水槽、二级淋洗反应罐洗出液出水槽排至洗出液收集池进行洗出液回用处理；
(5)洗出液经调节中和池、电絮凝设备、曝气氧化池、硅藻土循环澄清池和pH回调池处理后进入淋洗液回用水池，由设置在池底部的潜水泵经池壁上部设置的循环回用管返回至一级淋洗反应罐进行淋洗；
(6)经过二级淋洗反应罐药洗搅拌反应沉淀后的泥浆从底部进入泥浆浓缩池后由污泥螺杆泵抽升至板框压滤机进行压榨，经压榨后的污泥堆放至储泥间暂存，处理合格土回填至合格土回填场。
进一步优选的方案，所述洗出液回用处理的具体流程包括：洗出液经调节中和池进入前中和反应池进行pH调整，使pH保持在7.5～8.5之间；pH调整后洗出液进入电絮凝设备，使pH保持在8.5～10.0之间，以更好的发生电解絮凝、电解气浮以及电解氧化还原反应；电絮凝设备出水进入曝气氧化池进行曝气搅拌及氧化反应；曝气池 出水进入硅藻土循环澄清池，并在进水管上一并加入硅藻土溶液，经过喷嘴以较高的流速喷入喉管，喷嘴流速控制在7～9m/s以上，在喷嘴周围出现负压区，使喇叭口附件约3～5倍原水量的泥渣水随同原水吸入喉管，喉管内流速以2～3m/s，经反应后流到第一反应室，水流在经过第一反应室和第二反应室的过程中，过水断面逐渐扩大，上升流速逐渐减小，为不同粒径的活性泥渣同水中的微絮凝体相互接触提供了良好的条件；从第二反应室流出的水，一部分向上进入斜管组件，泥渣迅速下沉，下沉的泥渣同第二反应室流出的其余部分水又回流到喷嘴周围，如此重复地进行循环；硅藻土循环澄清池出水进入pH回调池，使pH回调至6～9之间；pH回调池出水进入淋洗液回用池，返回至一级淋洗反应罐进行淋洗。
根据上述技术方案，本申请的有益效果是：异位化学淋洗修复适用于污染浓度较高、风险性较大的场地；可以选择直接有效的技术方案集中处理污染土壤，处理效率高且彻底。另外，对洗出液循环回用，节约能源，无二次污染。
附图说明
图1是一种重金属污染土壤异位化学淋洗修复和洗出液回用装置；
图2是一种重金属污染土壤异位化学淋洗修复的工艺流程图；
在图中：
1-污染土壤料仓
2-输送设备
3-干式滚筒式筛分设备，3-1-第一细格网，3-2-细土壤储存桶，3-3-第一粗格网，3-4-粗土壤储存桶
4-研磨机，4-1-研磨机心
5-湿式滚筒式筛分设备，5-1-第二细格网，5-2-湿细土壤储存桶，5-3-第二粗格网，5-4-湿粗土壤储存桶
6-一级淋洗反应罐，6-1-喷淋加水管，6-2-一级淋洗反应罐洗出液出水槽，6-3-第一强力搅拌机
7-加水设备
8-二级淋洗反应罐，8-1-喷淋加药管，8-2-二级淋洗反应罐洗出液出水槽，8-3- 第二强力搅拌机
9-加药设备
10-洗出液收集池，10-1-进液管
11-调节中和池，11-1-第一空气搅拌管，11-2-石灰乳投加罐
12-电絮凝设备，12-1-极板支架，12-2-极板，12-3-外部电源，12-4-pH调节系统
13-曝气氧化池，13-1-旋混曝气器，13-2-液位计，13-3-提升泵
14-硅藻土循环澄清池，14-1-进水管，14-2-喷嘴，14-3-喉管，14-4-第一反应室，14-5-第二反应室，14-6-环形集水槽，14-7-斜管组件，14-8-排泥管，14-9-喉管提升器
15-PH回调池，15-1-第二空气搅拌管，15-2-加药装置
16-淋洗液回用水池，16-1-潜水泵，16-2-循环回用管
17-泥浆浓缩池
18-污泥螺杆泵
19-板框压滤机
20-储泥间暂存
21-合格土回填场。
具体实施方式
实施例1
为了更好地理解本申请，下面结合实施例对本申请进一步的详细说明。
如图1所示，本申请的一种重金属尾污染场地土壤异位化学淋洗修复和洗出液回用的装置，包括干式滚筒式筛分设备3、研磨机4、湿式滚筒式筛分设备5、一级淋洗反应罐6、二级淋洗反应罐8以及洗出液回用设备；所述洗出液回用设备包括依次连通的洗出液收集池10、调节中和池11、电絮凝设备12、曝气氧化池13、硅藻土循环澄清池14、pH值回调池15、淋洗液回用水池16；所述干式滚筒式筛分设备3底部设有细土壤储存桶3-2和粗土壤储存桶3-4；所述湿式滚筒式筛分设备5底部设有湿细土壤储存桶5-2和湿粗土壤储存桶5-4；所述干式滚筒式筛分设备3的粗土壤储存桶3-4与所述研磨机4顶部连通，所述研磨机4底部与所述湿式滚筒式筛分设备5 的顶部连通；所述干式滚筒式筛分设备3的细土壤储存桶3-2和所述湿式滚筒式筛分设备5的湿细土壤储存桶5-2均与所述一级淋洗反应罐6顶部连通，所述湿式滚筒式筛分设备5的湿粗土壤储存桶5-4与所述研磨机4顶部连通；所述一级淋洗反应罐6与所述二级淋洗反应罐8连通，且所述一级淋洗反应罐6和所述二级淋洗反应罐8的顶部均与所述洗出液收集池1连通。
图1中土壤料仓1为钢制，钢板厚度为10mm，料仓有料斗、筒体、收尘器、安全阀、料位计、振动器、人孔、爬梯、栏杆、降温设备、称重系统等组成。
所述输送设备2含螺旋带输送机。
所述干式滚筒式筛分设备3的格网由两段组成，一段为第一细格网3-1，筛除粒径为15～50mm，下面配有细土壤储存桶3-2；另一端为第二粗格网3-3，筛除粒径为50～200mm，下面配有粗土壤储存桶3-4。
所述研磨机4内设置有研磨机心4-1。
所述湿式滚筒式筛分设备5格网由两段组成，一段为第二细格网5-1，筛除粒径为15～50mm，下部配有湿细土壤储存桶5-2，另一端为第二粗格网5-3，筛除粒径为50～200mm，下部配有湿粗土壤储存桶5-4。湿式滚筒式筛分设备在对土壤进行筛分时，由安装在设备顶端的喷水管以进行湿筛。
所述一级淋洗反应罐6为钢制，钢板厚度为10mm，加工成锥斗型，锥斗夹角为135°，罐内采用三布四油进行防腐。一级淋洗反应罐6内顶部圆周设置有喷淋加水管6-1，喷淋加水管管径为DN32mm，沿管底部中心线夹角45°交错，间距为100mm，开有
Figure PCTCN2017089284-appb-000001
孔；一级淋洗反应罐顶部外沿设置有一级淋洗反应罐洗出液出水槽6-2；罐中设置有第一强力搅拌机6-3，搅拌机转速为136r/min。
所述加水设备7含加水管道，直径为DN32mm。一级淋洗反应以清水为淋洗剂，液固比10:1，PH5～8，淋洗时间6h，搅拌反应时间为2h，目标重金属As、Cr、Pb、Zn等。以清水为淋洗液，可以避免淋洗液可能带来的二次污染。
所述二级淋洗反应罐8为钢制，钢板厚度为10mm，加工成锥斗型，锥斗夹角为135°，罐内采用三布四油进行防腐。二级淋洗反应罐8内顶部圆周设置有喷淋加药管8-1，喷淋加药管管径为DN32mm，沿管底部中心线夹角45°交错，间距为100mm，开有
Figure PCTCN2017089284-appb-000002
孔；二级淋洗反应罐顶部外沿设置有二级淋洗反应罐洗出液出水槽8-2；罐中设置有第二强力搅拌机8-3，搅拌机转速为100r/min。
所述加药设备9含加药管道，直径为DN32mm。二级淋洗反应以苹果酸为淋洗剂，投加浓度为0.1mol/L，液固比10:1，PH4～5，淋洗时间12h，搅拌反应时间为4h。目标重金属为Dd、Cr、Pb、Hg等。
所述洗出液收集池10进口设置有进液管10-1。
所述调节中和池11底部设置有第一空气搅拌管11-1，空气搅拌管直径为DN32mm，孔径为
Figure PCTCN2017089284-appb-000003
孔距200mm，孔眼向下与水平成45°交错排列。池顶设置有石灰乳投加罐11-2。通过设置在池顶的石灰乳投加罐投加碱性石灰乳对PH调整，使PH保持在7.5～8.5之间。
所述电絮凝设备12离池底往上450mm空间处设置有极板支架12-1，极板支架用[80×8mm的槽钢制作，极板支架上面设置有极板12-2，极板规格为长×宽×厚＝800×500×10mm，用铁板制作，极板和外部电源12-3采用单极方式连接，即奇数极板用阴极导线与外部电源的负极连接，偶数极板用阳极导线与外部电源正极连接。池旁设置的PH调节系统12-4，包括酸碱罐及配制系统，变频加药泵及PH计，对PH进行精调至8.5～10.0之间。
所述曝气氧化池13池底设置有旋混曝气器13-1，内壁设置有液位计13-2，池旁设置有提升泵13-3。
所述硅藻土循环澄清池14从底部往上依次设置有进水管14-1(并在进水管上一并加入硅藻土溶液)、喷嘴14-2、喉管14-3、第一反应室14-4旁设置有第二反应室14-5，第二反应室上部设置有斜管组件14-7，斜管组件上部设置有环形集水槽14-6，池底设置有排泥管14-8，所排出的含有重金属的剩余污泥由有资质的单位进行资源回收，池顶设置有喉管提升器14-9。
所述PH回调池15底部设置有第二空气搅拌管15-1，第二空气搅拌管直径为DN25mm，孔径为
Figure PCTCN2017089284-appb-000004
孔距为150mm，孔眼向下与水平成45°交错排列，池顶设置的加药装置15-2向池中投加稀硫酸溶液，使PH回调至6～9之间。
所述淋洗液回用水池16底部设置有潜水泵16-1，池壁上设置有循环回用管16-2。
所述泥浆浓缩池17为钢制，钢板厚度为10mm，加工成锥斗型，锥斗夹角为150°，池内采用三布四油防腐。
所述污泥螺杆泵18和板框压滤机19配套使用，用以处理经淋洗后的土壤泥浆。
所述储泥间暂存20为一工房，以暂存经淋洗处理合格后的土壤。
所述合格土回填为用汽车送至合格土回填场21。
所述本申请的工作过程：用挖掘机将含有As、Cd、Pb、Zn、Hg等重金属污染土壤装入污染土壤料仓1，由输送设备2输送至干式滚筒式筛分设备3，经过干式筛分，15～50mm粒径的细土壤落入细土壤储存桶3-2，输送至一级淋洗反应罐6进行淋洗；50～200mm粒径的粗土壤落入粗土壤储存桶3-4，输送至研磨机4进行研磨；经研磨后的土壤进入湿式滚筒式筛分设备5，湿式滚筒式筛分设备对土壤进行筛分时，由安装在顶部的喷水管喷水以进行湿筛。经过湿筛分，小于15mm粒径的细土壤落入湿细土壤储存桶5-2内，输送至一级反应罐进行淋洗。一级淋洗反应以清水为淋洗剂，液固比10:1，PH5～8，淋洗时间6h，搅拌反应时间为2h，目标重金属为As、Cd、Pb、Zn、Hg等；50～200mm粒径的粗土壤落入湿粗土壤储存桶5-4；返回研磨机进行研磨。经过一级淋洗反应罐水洗后的泥浆进入二级淋洗反应罐进行药洗，二级淋洗时间12h，搅拌反应时间为4h。目标重金属为Cd、Pb、Zn、Hg等经过一级淋洗反应罐6和二级淋洗反应罐8沉淀后的上清液由一级淋洗反应罐洗出液出水槽6-2、二级淋洗反应罐洗出液出水槽8-2排至洗出液收集池10，经调节中和池11、电絮凝设备12、曝气氧化池13、硅藻土循环澄清池14和pH回调池15处理后进入淋洗液回用水池16，由设置在池底部的潜水泵16-1经池壁上部设置的循环回用管16-2返回至淋洗液循环回用系统。经过二级淋洗反应罐8药洗搅拌反应沉淀后的泥浆从底部进入泥浆浓缩池17后由污泥螺杆泵18抽升至板框压滤机19进行压榨，经压榨后的污泥堆放至储泥间暂存20，处理合格土回填21为汽车外运至回填地址。
实施例2
某污染场地土壤异位化学淋洗修复中试示范工程
(1)治理目标
淋洗修复目标污染物为Cd、Pb、Zn、As和Hg。整个示范工程淋洗处理量约1.2万吨。示范工程的多金属污染土壤淋洗修复目标如下：
1)修复后土壤中重金属的含量达到《土壤环境治理标准》(GB15618-1995)二级标准，回填到原位置。
2)修复过程中产生的旧淋洗液处理后循环回用。
3)修复过程中产生的含重金属污泥为危险废物，委托有资质的单位处理。
(2)修复主要工艺流程如图2所示
(3)主要控制参数
1)一级淋洗反应以清水为淋洗液，液固比10:1，pH5～8，淋洗时间6h，搅拌反应时间2h；
2)二级淋洗反应以苹果酸为淋洗剂，投加浓度为0.1mol/L，液固比10:1，pH4～5，淋洗时间12h，搅拌反应时间为4h；
3)洗出液回用处理的具体参数：前中和反应池pH保持在7.5～8.5之间；电絮凝设备pH保持在8.5～10.0之间；喷嘴流速控制在7～9m/s以上；喉管内流速以2～3m/s；pH回调池为6～9之间。

Claims (21)

  1. 重金属污染土壤异位化学淋洗修复和洗出液回用装置，包括干式滚筒式筛分设备(3)、研磨机(4)、湿式滚筒式筛分设备(5)、一级淋洗反应罐(6)、二级淋洗反应罐(8)以及洗出液回用设备；所述洗出液回用设备包括依次连通的洗出液收集池(10)、调节中和池(11)、电絮凝设备(12)、曝气氧化池(13)、硅藻土循环澄清池(14)、pH值回调池(15)、淋洗液回用水池(16)；所述干式滚筒式筛分设备(3)底部设有细土壤储存桶(3-2)和粗土壤储存桶(3-4)；所述湿式滚筒式筛分设备(5)底部设有湿细土壤储存桶(5-2)和湿粗土壤储存桶(5-4)；所述干式滚筒式筛分设备(3)的粗土壤储存桶(3-4)与所述研磨机(4)顶部连通，所述研磨机(4)底部与所述湿式滚筒式筛分设备(5)的顶部连通；所述干式滚筒式筛分设备(3)的细土壤储存桶(3-2)和所述湿式滚筒式筛分设备(5)的湿细土壤储存桶(5-2)均与所述一级淋洗反应罐(6)顶部连通，所述湿式滚筒式筛分设备(5)的湿粗土壤储存桶(5-4)与所述研磨机(4)顶部连通；所述一级淋洗反应罐(6)与所述二级淋洗反应罐(8)连通，且所述一级淋洗反应罐(6)和所述二级淋洗反应罐(8)的顶部均与所述洗出液收集池(1)连通。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述重金属污染土壤异位化学淋洗修复和洗出液回用装置，其中：所述干式滚筒式筛分设备(3)的顶连接有输送设备(2)。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述重金属污染土壤异位化学淋洗修复和洗出液回用装置，其中：所述输送设备(2)包括螺旋带输送机。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述重金属污染土壤异位化学淋洗修复和洗出液回用装置，其中：所述干式滚筒式筛分设备(3)内部设有网格，所述格网由两段组成，一段为第一细格网(3-1)，筛除粒径为15～50mm，第一细格网(3-1)下方设有细土壤储存桶(3-2)；另一段为第一粗格网(3-3)，筛除粒径为50～200mm，第一粗格网(3-3)下方设有粗土壤储存桶(3-4)。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述重金属污染土壤异位化学淋洗修复和洗出液回用装置，其中：所述研磨机(4)内设置有研磨机心(4-1)。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述重金属污染土壤异位化学淋洗修复和洗出液回用装置，其中：所述湿式滚筒式筛分设备(5)内部设有网格，所述格网由两段组成，一段为第二细格网(5-1)，筛除粒径为15～50mm，第二细格网(5-1)下方设有湿细土壤储存桶(5-2)，另一段为第二粗格网(5-3)，筛除粒径为50～200mm， 第二粗格网(5-3)下方设有湿粗土壤储存桶(5-4)。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述重金属污染土壤异位化学淋洗修复和洗出液回用装置，其中：所述一级淋洗反应罐(6)内周顶部设置有喷淋加水管(6-1)，顶部设有一级淋洗反应罐洗出液出水槽(6-2)，罐中设置有第一强力搅拌机(6-3)。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述重金属污染土壤异位化学淋洗修复和洗出液回用装置，其中：所述一级淋洗反应罐(6)顶部连接有加水设备(7)，所述加水设备(7)内设有加水管道。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述重金属污染土壤异位化学淋洗修复和洗出液回用装置，其中：所述二级淋洗反应罐(8)内周顶部设置有喷淋加药管(8-1)，顶部设有二级淋洗反应罐洗出液出水槽(8-2)，罐中设置有第二强力搅拌机(8-3)。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述重金属污染土壤异位化学淋洗修复和洗出液回用装置，其中：所述二级淋洗反应罐(8)顶部连接有加药设备(9)，所述加药设备(9)内设有加药管道。
  11. 根据权利要求1所述重金属污染土壤异位化学淋洗修复和洗出液回用装置，其中：所述二级淋洗反应罐(8)底部连接有污泥处理设备，所述污泥处理设备包括依次连接的泥浆浓缩池(17)、污泥螺杆泵(18)和板框压滤机(19)。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述重金属污染土壤异位化学淋洗修复和洗出液回用装置，其中：所述泥浆浓缩池(17)为钢制，钢板厚度为10-15mm，加工成锥斗型，锥斗夹角为150°。
  13. 根据权利要求1所述重金属污染土壤异位化学淋洗修复和洗出液回用装置，其中：所述调节中和池(11)底部设置有第一空气搅拌管(11-1)，所述调节中和池(4)旁设置有石灰乳投加罐(11-2)。
  14. 根据权利要求1所述重金属污染土壤异位化学淋洗修复和洗出液回用装置，其中：所述电絮凝设备(12)离池底往上450-500mm空间处设置有极板(12-1)，极板支架上面设置有多块极板(12-2)。
  15. 根据权利要求1所述重金属污染土壤异位化学淋洗修复和洗出液回用装置，其中：所述曝气氧化池(13)池底设置有旋混曝气器(13-1)，内壁边设置有液位计(13-2)，池旁设置有提升水泵(13-3)。
  16. 根据权利要求1所述重金属污染土壤异位化学淋洗修复和洗出液回用装置，其中：所述硅藻土循环澄清池(14)从底部往上依次设置有进水管(14-1)、喷嘴(14-2)、喉管(14-3)和第一反应室(14-4)，第一反应室(14-4)旁边设置有第二反应室(14-5)，第二反应室上部设置有斜管组件(14-7)，斜管组件上 部设置有环形集水槽(14-6)；所述硅藻土循环澄清池(14)池底设置有排泥管(14-8)，池顶部设置有喉管提升器(14-9)。
  17. 根据权利要求1所述重金属污染土壤异位化学淋洗修复和洗出液回用装置，其中：所述pH回调池(15)底部设置有第二空气搅拌管(15-1)，池旁设置的加药装置(15-2)。
  18. 根据权利要求1所述重金属污染场地土壤的化学淋洗液循环回用处理装置，其中：所述淋洗液回用水池(16)池底设置有潜水泵(16-1)，池壁上部设有循环回用管(16-2)，所述循环回用管(16-2)与所述一级淋洗反应罐(6)顶部连通。
  19. 重金属污染土壤异位化学淋洗修复和洗出液回用方法，其中，包括以下步骤：
    (1)将重金属污染土壤进行干筛分，经过干筛分，15～50mm粒径的细土壤进行一级淋洗，50～200mm粒径的粗土壤进行研磨；一级淋洗以清水为淋洗剂，液固比8-12:1，pH5～8，淋洗时间6-10h，搅拌反应时间为2-3h；
    (2)经研磨后的土壤进入进行湿筛分，经过湿筛分，小于15mm粒径的细土壤同样进行步骤(1)所述一级淋洗；50～200mm粒径的粗土壤再返回进行研磨；
    (3)对经过一级淋后的泥浆进行二级淋洗，二级淋洗反应以苹果酸为淋洗剂，投加浓度为0.1-0.2mol/L，液固比8-12:1，pH4～5，淋洗时间12-14h，搅拌反应时间为4-6h；
    (4)收集一级淋洗和二级淋洗沉淀后的上清液对其进行洗出液回用处理；洗出液先调pH在7.5～8.5之间；pH调整后洗出液进入电絮凝设备，使pH保持在8.5～10.0之间，发生电解絮凝、电解气浮以及电解氧化还原反应；电絮凝设备出水进行曝气搅拌及氧化反应；曝气池出水进入硅藻土循环澄清处理，硅藻土循环澄清处理出水进行pH回调至6～9之间；
    (5)经过二级淋洗沉淀后的泥浆进行压缩、过滤后堆存，合格后再利用。
  20. 根据权利要求19所述重金属污染土壤异位化学淋洗修复和洗出液回用方法，其中，使用权利要求1-18之一所述装置，具体包括以下步骤：
    (1)将重金属污染土壤输送至干式滚筒式筛分设备，经过干式筛分，15～50mm粒径的细土壤落入细土壤储存桶，输送至一级淋洗反应罐进行淋洗，50～200mm粒径的粗土壤落入粗土壤储存桶，输送至研磨机进行研磨；一级淋洗反应以清水为淋洗剂，液固比8-12:1，pH5～8，淋洗时间6-10h，搅拌反应时间 为2-3h；
    (2)经研磨后的土壤进入湿式滚筒式筛分设备，湿式滚筒式筛分设备对土壤进行筛分时，由安装在顶部的喷水管喷水以进行湿筛；经过湿筛分，小于15mm粒径的细土壤落入湿细土壤储存桶内，输送至一级反应罐进行淋洗；50～200mm粒径的粗土壤落入湿粗土壤储存桶，返回研磨机进行研磨；
    (3)经过一级淋洗反应罐水洗后的泥浆进入二级淋洗反应罐进行药洗，二级淋洗反应以苹果酸为淋洗剂，投加浓度为0.1-0.2mol/L，液固比8-12:1，pH4～5，淋洗时间12-14h，搅拌反应时间为4-6h；
    (4)目标重金属经过一级淋洗反应罐和二级淋洗反应罐沉淀后的上清液由一级淋洗反应罐洗出液出水槽、二级淋洗反应罐洗出液出水槽排至洗出液收集池进行洗出液回用处理；
    (5)洗出液经调节中和池、电絮凝设备、曝气氧化池、硅藻土循环澄清池和pH回调池处理后进入淋洗液回用水池，由设置在池底部的潜水泵经池壁上部设置的循环回用管返回至一级淋洗反应罐进行淋洗；
    (6)经过二级淋洗反应罐药洗搅拌反应沉淀后的泥浆从底部进入泥浆浓缩池后由污泥螺杆泵抽升至板框压滤机进行压榨，经压榨后的污泥堆放至储泥间暂存，处理合格土回填至合格土回填场。
  21. 根据权利要求20所述重金属污染土壤异位化学淋洗修复和洗出液回用方法，其中，洗出液回用处理的具体流程包括：洗出液经调节中和池进入前中和反应池进行pH调整，使pH保持在7.5～8.5之间；pH调整后洗出液进入电絮凝设备，使pH保持在8.5～10.0之间，以更好的发生电解絮凝、电解气浮以及电解氧化还原反应；电絮凝设备出水进入曝气氧化池进行曝气搅拌及氧化反应；曝气池出水进入硅藻土循环澄清池，并在进水管上一并加入硅藻土溶液，经过喷嘴以较高的流速喷入喉管，喷嘴流速控制在7～9m/s以上，在喷嘴周围出现负压区，使喇叭口附件约3～5倍原水量的泥渣水随同原水吸入喉管，喉管内流速以2～3m/s，经反应后流到第一反应室，水流在经过第一反应室和第二反应室的过程中，过水断面逐渐扩大，上升流速逐渐减小，为不同粒径的活性泥渣同水中的微絮凝体相互接触提供了良好的条件；从第二反应室流出的水，一部分向上进入斜管组件，泥渣迅速下沉，下沉的泥渣同第二反应室流出的其余部分水又回流到喷嘴周围，如此重复地进行循环；硅藻土循环澄清池出水进入pH回调池，使pH回调至6～9之间；pH回调池出水进入淋洗液回用池，返回至一级淋洗反应罐进行淋洗。
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