WO2018002433A1 - Élément de type boîte - Google Patents

Élément de type boîte Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2018002433A1
WO2018002433A1 PCT/FI2017/050479 FI2017050479W WO2018002433A1 WO 2018002433 A1 WO2018002433 A1 WO 2018002433A1 FI 2017050479 W FI2017050479 W FI 2017050479W WO 2018002433 A1 WO2018002433 A1 WO 2018002433A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
element according
panels
lumber
panel
elements
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/FI2017/050479
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Markku Heinonen
Original Assignee
Markku Heinonen
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Markku Heinonen filed Critical Markku Heinonen
Priority to EP17819416.3A priority Critical patent/EP3478899A4/fr
Publication of WO2018002433A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018002433A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/02—Structures consisting primarily of load-supporting, block-shaped, or slab-shaped elements
    • E04B1/10—Structures consisting primarily of load-supporting, block-shaped, or slab-shaped elements the elements consisting of wood
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/02—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
    • E04C2/10—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of wood, fibres, chips, vegetable stems, or the like; of plastics; of foamed products
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/38—Connections for building structures in general
    • E04B1/61—Connections for building structures in general of slab-shaped building elements with each other
    • E04B1/6108—Connections for building structures in general of slab-shaped building elements with each other the frontal surfaces of the slabs connected together
    • E04B1/612—Connections for building structures in general of slab-shaped building elements with each other the frontal surfaces of the slabs connected together by means between frontal surfaces
    • E04B1/6145—Connections for building structures in general of slab-shaped building elements with each other the frontal surfaces of the slabs connected together by means between frontal surfaces with recesses in both frontal surfaces co-operating with an additional connecting element
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/38—Connections for building structures in general
    • E04B1/61—Connections for building structures in general of slab-shaped building elements with each other
    • E04B1/6108—Connections for building structures in general of slab-shaped building elements with each other the frontal surfaces of the slabs connected together
    • E04B1/612—Connections for building structures in general of slab-shaped building elements with each other the frontal surfaces of the slabs connected together by means between frontal surfaces
    • E04B1/6145—Connections for building structures in general of slab-shaped building elements with each other the frontal surfaces of the slabs connected together by means between frontal surfaces with recesses in both frontal surfaces co-operating with an additional connecting element
    • E04B1/6162—Connections for building structures in general of slab-shaped building elements with each other the frontal surfaces of the slabs connected together by means between frontal surfaces with recesses in both frontal surfaces co-operating with an additional connecting element the connection made by an additional locking key
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/02—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
    • E04C2/10—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of wood, fibres, chips, vegetable stems, or the like; of plastics; of foamed products
    • E04C2/12—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of wood, fibres, chips, vegetable stems, or the like; of plastics; of foamed products of solid wood
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/02—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
    • E04C2/26—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups
    • E04C2/284—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups at least one of the materials being insulating
    • E04C2/296—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups at least one of the materials being insulating composed of insulating material and non-metallic or unspecified sheet-material
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/30—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure
    • E04C2/38—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure with attached ribs, flanges, or the like, e.g. framed panels
    • E04C2/386—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure with attached ribs, flanges, or the like, e.g. framed panels with a frame of unreconstituted or laminated wood
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B5/00—Joining sheets or plates, e.g. panels, to one another or to strips or bars parallel to them
    • F16B5/0004—Joining sheets, plates or panels in abutting relationship
    • F16B5/0008—Joining sheets, plates or panels in abutting relationship by moving the sheets, plates or panels substantially in their own plane, perpendicular to the abutting edge
    • F16B5/002—Joining sheets, plates or panels in abutting relationship by moving the sheets, plates or panels substantially in their own plane, perpendicular to the abutting edge both sheets, plates or panels having a groove, e.g. with strip-type connector
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/38—Connections for building structures in general
    • E04B1/61—Connections for building structures in general of slab-shaped building elements with each other
    • E04B2001/6195—Connections for building structures in general of slab-shaped building elements with each other the slabs being connected at an angle, e.g. forming a corner
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/30—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure
    • E04C2/34—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure composed of two or more spaced sheet-like parts
    • E04C2002/3488—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure composed of two or more spaced sheet-like parts spaced apart by frame like structures
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B2200/00—Constructional details of connections not covered for in other groups of this subclass
    • F16B2200/30—Dovetail-like connections
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B5/00—Joining sheets or plates, e.g. panels, to one another or to strips or bars parallel to them
    • F16B5/0004—Joining sheets, plates or panels in abutting relationship
    • F16B5/0032—Joining sheets, plates or panels in abutting relationship by moving the sheets, plates, or panels or the interlocking key parallel to the abutting edge
    • F16B5/0052—Joining sheets, plates or panels in abutting relationship by moving the sheets, plates, or panels or the interlocking key parallel to the abutting edge the interlocking key acting as a dovetail-type key
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B5/00—Joining sheets or plates, e.g. panels, to one another or to strips or bars parallel to them
    • F16B5/0004—Joining sheets, plates or panels in abutting relationship
    • F16B5/0056—Joining sheets, plates or panels in abutting relationship by moving the sheets, plates or panels or the interlocking key perpendicular to the main plane

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a prefabricated building element, the frame structure of which is made of wood and that may comprise insulation material.
  • the elements can be utilized for making space elements, wall structures, floors, intermediate floors, ceilings and other parts of buildings or buildings themselves
  • Elements are used in many ways in the field of single family housing construction.
  • the elements can be space elements or structure elements, such as walls, ceilings or floors.
  • the space elements and structure elements are manufactured to the desired completion stage at the factory and assembled to form a complete building at the construction site.
  • the advantage of space elements is their higher completion stage when delivered from the factory, but transporting them can be difficult and might require special arrangements. Space elements can easily be damaged during transport. Transport of structure elements is easier and in some cases the solutions wanted by the client can be realized more flexibly.
  • the disadvantage is the increased amount of labour at the construction site and exposure to the conditions of the construction site. Building the wooden house elements is carried out by utilizing usual woodworking methods and the main advantage of element construction is achieved when the construction takes place in good conditions indoors at the factory.
  • CLT (Cross Laminated Timber) elements are one of the element construction methods.
  • a CLT element made of solid lumber is formed by a number of lumber panel layers, the material thickness and number of which define the strength and thickness of the element.
  • the structure of a CLT element is very strong and impermeable.
  • the largest possible size of an element is 4.8 x 40.00 m and the thickness can be from 40 to 400 mm.
  • the elements can be insulated, finished and provided with HVAC openings at the factory.
  • CLT elements Due to their dense structure prefabricated CLT elements provide an easy way to build a passive-energy house, with no need for a separate air or vapour barrier. Due to the absence of cold bridges in the layer structure the CLT element functions as a part of the heat insulation of the building and improves the energy efficiency of the building.
  • the massive lumber element allows a frame structure with a long service life and good fire resistance.
  • CLT creates new possibilities for design and flexibility of buildings.
  • the stiffness of CLT allows high structures as well as large openings without additional stiffening members. Additionally extension, roof and staircase solutions without pillars can be made in horizontal structures.
  • the frame material can be left visible or it can be lined.
  • buildings can be lined with lumber, plastered insulation or thin plaster panels. Due to its minimal expansion and compression CLT can easily be combined with other building materials, such as glass or steel.
  • CLT elements are formed of a massive lumber frame carrying the loads exposed on the structure and it usually also forms at least a part of the insulation capability of the structure, the element requires a large amount of wood as raw material. The element will be considerably heavy and making openings, such as doors and windows, is expensive, as a lot of massive waste material will be produced.
  • a box- structure element comprising: a first surface panel, a second surface panel arranged at a distance from the first surface panel, and an intermediate structure attaching the first and second surface panel to each other and defining the distance between them, in which structure:
  • the surface panels are lumber panels comprising at least three layers of lumber material glued on top of each other.
  • the surface panels are layered panel structures consisting of cross-laminated layers of sawn lumber having at least three superimposed layers.
  • each layer of lumber material consists of planar panels, preferably veneer.
  • the intermediate structure is glue-laminated timber.
  • the intermediate structure forms at least one enclosed volume with the surface panels.
  • the intermediate structure comprises a surrounding timber around the edges of the element that joins the surface panels together.
  • the volume between the surface panels and the intermediate structure is filled with insulation material.
  • the insulation material comprises wood shavings.
  • an element in which the insulation material is compressed wood shavings comprising bonding agent and having a specific weight of at least 200 kg/m 3 .
  • the surrounding timber of at least one edge of the element is provided with a groove for a locking tenon.
  • At least one bag or pressure volume is combined with the surrounding timber of at least one edge of the element so that it can be filled with a pressure medium, especially air or an expanding insulation material.
  • a building comprising at least two elements according to an embodiment of the invention, the elements being joined together and comprising at least one part of the building selected from the group: wall, floor, ceiling intermediate floor, intermediate wall.
  • the main directions of the grain of the lumber material of the lumber material layers of the surface panels are in adjacent layers at an angle with each other.
  • Figure 1 is an exploded view of an element according to some embodiments of the invention.
  • FIG. 1 is a detail of figure 1;
  • Figures 3 and 4 illustrate the method of attachment used in some embodiments of the invention.
  • Figure 5 illustrates another method of attachment used in some embodiments of the invention.
  • CLT The structure of the massive lumber panel, CLT panel is defined as follows in the RIL 205-1-2009 instructions as follows: [0028] CLT is manufactured from finger-jointed strength-sorted spruce, fir or pine lumber. The strength class of the lamella in each layer is from C16 to C40. The thickness of the fully planed board is from 8 to 45 mm and the width of the board is at least 4 times the thickness. The crossing board layers are glued at an angle of 90 in relation to each other.
  • CLT has at least 2 and at most 20 layers of lamellae.
  • the thickness of a CLT panel is from 16 mm to 350 mm.
  • the cross-section is symmetrical. In a five-layer panel the two uppermost board layers may, at most, be parallel. When the panel comprises at least 7 layers of lamellae, no more than three superimposed layers may be parallel.
  • the main portion of adjacent boards are glued to each other by their edges in a non-structural manner. The maximum allowed gap between adjacent boards is 2 mm for 10 % of the boards and a maximum of 4 mm for 3 % of the boards.
  • a CLT panel means a layered panel structure consisting of cross-laminated lumber layers having at least three superimposed layers.
  • Plywood is a planar lumber product produced from at least three thin veneers by gluing them together.
  • the invention relates to a box-structure element of buildings, especially for a single-family house, terraced house or a small block of flats, the surfaces of the element being of CLT panel (cross-laminated timber).
  • wood shavings are used as an insulation in the box structure.
  • Wood shavings are a byproduct of wood processing industry. Using wood shavings is an ecological solution that increases its value added by processing.
  • the box structure realizes an insulating, breathable and natural element with a minimized amount of joints. Tightness of the building is achieved without using plastics. Due to its tightness the element is a fire-safe construction solution.
  • Figures 1 and 2 illustrate one embodiment of the invention.
  • the surface panels 1, 4 are CLT panel or cross-glued panel.
  • one lumber layer is formed of a panel formed of panels by means of a tongue and groove joint and in a cross-glued panel there are at least three of these layers glued one on top the other.
  • one or both surfaces of the panel can be of a high-quality wood for forming a high-quality surface or the surface panel can be made of wood of lesser value or even reject wood. In this case it is often necessary to finish the surfaces of the panels to suit the application. For example, residential buildings require a better surface quality then work environments or storage buildings.
  • the surface panels can also be made of plywood or CIT panel.
  • the panel structure must, however, consist of three lumber material layers. 24 mm can be used as a reference for minimum panel thickness. Thus the surface panel is dimensionally stable and dimensional movement doesn't break the paint surface or other finish of the surface. [0035] Due to the box structure the surface panels 1, 4 can be thin and light. Due to the structure and materials both the insulation and breathability are good because the sealed surface panels and, when necessary, total absence of joints in the surfaces produce such a tight a structure that the insulation is sufficient without sealing foils or the like. At the same time the element is, however, breathable due to its wood structure. Thin surface panels breath better than a fully massive lumber structure.
  • a box structure has been formed of the surface panels 1, 4 by means of a spacer structure.
  • the spacer structure comprises a surrounding timber 3 running along the edges of the element and stiffening timbers 5.
  • the surrounding timber 3 runs along the edge of the element either flush with the surface panels 1, 4 or at a distance inside from the edge. If the surrounding timber 3 is set flush with the edges of the surface panels the edge will be even, whereby the risk of damage to the surface panels is reduced and the edge is planar and tidy. However, if the surrounding timber 3 is pulled inside of the outer edge of the surface panel 1, 4, various attachment surfaces for attaching the elements to each other can be arranged into the formed groove.
  • the surrounding timber 3 also runs around the openings 6 formed into the surface panels 1, 4 and thereby also to the element.
  • the openings 6 can be doors, windows or other openings necessary for the building.
  • the openings can be made into the surface panels by e.g. CNC machining methods, whereby they are fast and easy to make. In these places a surrounding timber 3 pulled inside from the edge of the opening 6 can be used for forming an installation collar for a window frame or door.
  • the openings 6 of the surface panels 1, 4 can also be different in size so that a threshold or lip is formed in the corner of only one panel or surrounding timber 6.
  • the box structure can be divided into subdivisions and its bearing capacity and strength can be varied by using the desired amount of stiffening timbers 5.
  • the stiffening timbers 5 most preferably extend from one edge of the circumference formed by the framing timbers to the other edge.
  • the stiffening timbers 5 can also act as a part of the surrounding timber 3 at the openings 6. Most preferably the surrounding timber 3 runs without interruptions along the edges of the surface panels and openings, but cuts and openings can be made thereto, if necessary, for pass-throughs or tubes. [0037]
  • the dimensions and number of the surrounding timber 3 and the stiffening timber 5 define the thickness, stiffness and other strength properties of the element together with the dimensioning of the surface panels 1, 4.
  • the width of the surrounding timber 3 and the stiffening timbers 5 sets the distance between the surface panels 1, 4 and their thickness changes the strength of the box structure. Stiffening timbers 5 are used to achieve a sufficient stiffness.
  • the surrounding timber 3 and the stiffening timbers can be sawn lumber or glued timber produced by various means. Usual woodworking fastening methods can be used for attaching the surrounding timber 3, stiffening timbers 5 and the surface panels 1, 4, such as gluing, nails, screws, special connectors and shaped joints such as mitre joints. According to one embodiment the surface panels 1, 4 are fastened to the surrounding timber 3 and the stiffening timbers 5 by means of gluing. This produces a strong and tight structure and the method is well suitable for industrial production. Gluing produces an air-tight structure. If necessary, the gluing can be secured with screws.
  • the spaces 7 formed by the surrounding timber 3 and the stiffening timbers 5 are filled with insulation 2.
  • the insulation can be any suitable insulation, but as the element is otherwise a wooden structure, insulation materials based on natural fibers are preferable.
  • the insulation is wood shavings. Wood shavings are produced in various processes of wood processing industry. The shavings should be dry enough and it is preferable to remove fractions that are too small, especially dust. Compressing wood shavings and a bonding agent will produce a solid insulation. In the compression a mass of wood shavings having a specific density of about 100 kg/m 3 is compressed to about double density, whereby its specific density is increased to about 200 kg/m 3 . The necessary amount of bonding agent is very small.
  • the bonding agent can be a fire- retardant agent, such as water glass or other commercially available fire suppression agent.
  • the compression can be minimal, similar to the amount of the bonding agent, because their purpose is only to prevent the compression of the insulation during use. As the insulation is inside the box structure, it does not have to withstand mechanical stresses.
  • the insulation 2 can be compressed into ready pieces that are cut to the shape of the boxes of the element or the insulation 2 can be pressed directly into the boxes during manufacture of the elements.
  • Insulation like the other structures of the element, can be a fully natural material.
  • shavings e.g. cellulose wadding, sheep wool, peat or plant-based fibre materials can be used as insulation.
  • the compartments of the box structure of the elements, compression and bonding agent can be used for having an effect on the creeping of the insulation during use and for producing an element that retains its insulation capability.
  • the advantage of wood shaving insulation is that the whole structure of the element is of the same material.
  • wood shavings as insulation and rejected or lower value sawn material can be used production of the surface panels.
  • surface panels can be made of lower quality, rejected or otherwise no-saleable panel. This allows using these materials for better profit than by e.g. burning them or selling them for a very low price.
  • the element can have a finished surface or the surfaces can be finished at the construction site.
  • One surface structure of the outer wall can be ventilated board cladding.
  • FIG. 3 and 4 illustrate an attachment method of elements by means of which the embodiments of the invention can be carried out.
  • the first element 8 and the second element 10 are joined to each other in right angle so that the edge comprising the surrounding timber 3 of the first element will be against the surface panel 1 of the second element 10.
  • the edge of the first element 8, the surrounding timber 3, is provided with grooves for tenons.
  • they are two dovetail grooves 9.
  • the edge of the second element 10 is provided with corresponding dovetail grooves 9 on the side of the surface panel.
  • the elements 8, 10 must be sufficiently strong at their edge regions for forming the dovetail grooves 9. This can be guaranteed by using a sufficiently massive surrounding timber 3 extending to the grooves or by reinforcing the element at the dovetail grooves.
  • the dovetail grooves can extend to the whole height of the element, whereby the keys can be installed by pushing from above.
  • the tenons are butterfly tenons 11 consisting of two opposing triangular keys.
  • the shape of the grooves and tenons may vary.
  • the tenons can be, for example, an I profile in shape or shaped like bars with a web between them so that the cross-section of the bars is circular or semicircular.
  • the essential point is that the grooves and tenons have surfaces that are pressed against each other. Preferably these surfaces are shaped so that a joint tightened by wedging is formed between the surfaces.
  • the essential feature of the joint described above is the pressure tightening gap 12 remaining between the tenon grooves 9 and the tenons arranged thereto and the surfaces of the elements.
  • This pressure tightening gap can be provided with a bag filled with pressure medium or the pressure tightening gap can be filled with an expanding material, such as known insulation foams.
  • the bag to be filled with pressure medium can be fastened between the tenon grooves already at the factory or it can be arranged at the location of the joint when attaching the elements. Compressed air is a preferred pressure medium, as it is usually available at construction sites and it's not harmful to health. However, liquid pressure or other pressure medium can also be used when necessary or the bag can be filled with an expanding insulation.
  • the edges of the elements are chamfered to an angle of 45°.
  • the advantage of this is that the tenon grooves 9 can be made into the surrounding timber 3.
  • the tenon grooves are perpendicular to the surface of the framing timber.
  • the edges of the elements are similar.
  • the elements 8, 10 are joined as follows.
  • the elements are aligned and installed with the tenon grooves 9 aligned and the tenons 11 are arranged in the grooves.
  • the pressure tightening gap is pressurized by means of a pressure medium bag or expanding filler material. Now the pressure pushes the elements away from each other and the tenon groves are tightened to the tenons.
  • locking battens 13 are hit or pushed on both sides at the edges of the gap at the location of the joint for locking the joint and sealing the gap as well as finishing the appearance of the joint.
  • a strong and immobile joint is produced even though the forces exerted on the mating surfaces are reasonable.
  • Figure 5 illustrates an embodiment of the element and joining method in which one locking tenon is used, in this example a wide butterfly tenon 14.
  • both elements 16, 17 to be joined In order to tighten the joint on both sides both elements 16, 17 to be joined must have a pressure tightening gap.
  • the elements 16, 17 are joined otherwise in a corresponding way as in the above example, but now a tightening pressure must be formed into the pressure tightening gap 16, 17 of both elements.
  • the pressure can be formed by similar methods as in the previous example, i.e.
  • a pressure bag installed in the tightening gap 15 on site, a preinstalled pressure bag or expanding sealing agent.
  • the gap between the locking tenon and the dovetail groove is made so accurately or provided with sealing members so that a tightening sufficient for the pressure medium is achieved.
  • the gap formed by the dovetail groove and the butterfly tenon must sufficiently sealed at both ends of the gap.
  • the sealing can be provided by means of sealing members or wedges.
  • the joint is locked by means of locking battens or other wedge members, such as for example short wedge.
  • locking battens or other wedge members such as for example short wedge.
  • the advantage of a long locking batten is the even distribution of forces along a long distance and small surface pressures.
  • the strength and stiffness of the structure can be increased by fastening the element on the top plates or sill plates or other structures of the building, such as floor, intermediate ceiling or roof. These structures can also be formed of corresponding elements. [0052]
  • the elements can be provided with boxes or tubes as well as openings for electrical and data communications cabling and, if necessary, with corresponding equipment for other HVAC equipment.
  • At least some embodiments of the invention can be used for housing construction for forming various spaces and buildings.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Building Environments (AREA)
  • Panels For Use In Building Construction (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne, selon un mode de réalisation donné à titre d'exemple, un élément de type structure de boîte comprenant un premier panneau de surface (1), un second panneau de surface (4) situé à une certaine distance du premier panneau de surface (1), et une structure d'espacement (3, 5) reliant le premier (1) et le second (4) panneau de surface l'un à l'autre et définissant la distance entre eux. Les panneaux de surface (1, 4) sont des panneaux de bois comprenant au moins trois couches de matériau de bois collées les unes sur les autres.
PCT/FI2017/050479 2016-06-30 2017-06-26 Élément de type boîte WO2018002433A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP17819416.3A EP3478899A4 (fr) 2016-06-30 2017-06-26 Élément de type boîte

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FI20165544A FI20165544A (fi) 2016-06-30 2016-06-30 Kotelorakenteinen elementti
FI20165544 2016-06-30

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2018002433A1 true WO2018002433A1 (fr) 2018-01-04

Family

ID=60785363

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/FI2017/050479 WO2018002433A1 (fr) 2016-06-30 2017-06-26 Élément de type boîte

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP3478899A4 (fr)
FI (1) FI20165544A (fr)
WO (1) WO2018002433A1 (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109184119A (zh) * 2018-10-11 2019-01-11 德清誉丰装饰材料有限公司 一种墙面贴面板用安装结构
CN112343184A (zh) * 2020-12-01 2021-02-09 邹建林 一种装配式建筑中轻质混凝土阴阳角结构
EP3936678A1 (fr) 2020-07-10 2022-01-12 Samenlevingsopbouw Brussel vzw Système de construction modulaire et procédé de construction d'une structure de bâtiment

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3823525A (en) * 1970-05-01 1974-07-16 P Bruun Foam-tightened edge joint for structural panels
WO1980000586A1 (fr) * 1978-09-07 1980-04-03 Claes Settergren Ab Moyens d'assemblage pour elements de construction
US20030079425A1 (en) * 2001-10-31 2003-05-01 Morgan Michael D. In situ molded thermal barriers
US6578331B1 (en) * 1996-02-07 2003-06-17 International Building Concepts, Ltd. House with structural water vapor barrier
WO2015155105A1 (fr) * 2014-04-11 2015-10-15 Bionic Alpha Ag Élément de construction léger, procédé de production dudit élément, utilisation dudit élément, et plaque légère et matériau isolant

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2012149634A1 (fr) * 2011-05-02 2012-11-08 D Abbadie D Arrast Michel-Arnaud Panneau en bois contrecollé
SI23841B (sl) * 2012-11-14 2022-04-29 Cbd D.O.O. Gradbeni element za lesene stenske in stropne konstrukcije ter metoda izdelave

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3823525A (en) * 1970-05-01 1974-07-16 P Bruun Foam-tightened edge joint for structural panels
WO1980000586A1 (fr) * 1978-09-07 1980-04-03 Claes Settergren Ab Moyens d'assemblage pour elements de construction
US6578331B1 (en) * 1996-02-07 2003-06-17 International Building Concepts, Ltd. House with structural water vapor barrier
US20030079425A1 (en) * 2001-10-31 2003-05-01 Morgan Michael D. In situ molded thermal barriers
WO2015155105A1 (fr) * 2014-04-11 2015-10-15 Bionic Alpha Ag Élément de construction léger, procédé de production dudit élément, utilisation dudit élément, et plaque légère et matériau isolant

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See also references of EP3478899A4 *

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109184119A (zh) * 2018-10-11 2019-01-11 德清誉丰装饰材料有限公司 一种墙面贴面板用安装结构
EP3936678A1 (fr) 2020-07-10 2022-01-12 Samenlevingsopbouw Brussel vzw Système de construction modulaire et procédé de construction d'une structure de bâtiment
WO2022008680A1 (fr) 2020-07-10 2022-01-13 Martin Vandereyt Bv Système de construction modulaire et procédé de construction pour une structure de bâtiment
CN112343184A (zh) * 2020-12-01 2021-02-09 邹建林 一种装配式建筑中轻质混凝土阴阳角结构
CN112343184B (zh) * 2020-12-01 2022-04-05 通号工程局集团建设工程有限公司 一种装配式建筑中轻质混凝土阴阳角结构

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP3478899A1 (fr) 2019-05-08
FI20165544A (fi) 2017-12-31
EP3478899A4 (fr) 2020-03-25

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP3478898B1 (fr) Procédé d'assemblage d'éléments en forme de boîte les uns aux autres
US7669372B2 (en) Structural insulated panel and panel joint
US20170321418A1 (en) Fire-resistant construction panel
EP0549744B1 (fr) Procede de transformation de billes de bois et produit obtenu
EP2316624A2 (fr) Panneau en bois multicouche
US7971401B2 (en) Construction module
US20090293396A1 (en) Structural insulated panel for building construction
US20160332411A1 (en) Panel element made of wood
CA2872041A1 (fr) Panneau en bois contrecolle
US4056906A (en) Building framework for timber house of log-cabin appearance
CA3083121C (fr) Collecteurs, contreforts et colonnes en bois a rupture thermique dotes d`une isolation rigide
WO2018002433A1 (fr) Élément de type boîte
US20200199871A1 (en) Wall module for buildings
Skuratov New lightweight solid wood panels for green building
US20240151034A1 (en) Beam for constructing wood-framed buildings, construction element incorporating said beam and building constructed with at least one such element
JP3922930B2 (ja) 構造用複合材
DE102005051255A1 (de) Faserplatten-Hochbauelement
JP2024080888A (ja) 木製壁パネルと木製カーテンウォール
Khan BASIC OF CROSS LAMINATED OF TIMBER AND OPTIMAL LOCATION FOR NEW CLT PLANT
Pavlyukovskiy Using of Cross Laminated Timber in Russia
WO2007088239A1 (fr) Element de mur
Costa Santos The conceptual design changes triggered by timber boards
Botti A Sustainable Approach to Materials and Construction Systems: Engineered Timber
LV14979B (lv) Ribotu plātņu izgatavošanas paņēmiens
UA96648U (uk) Спосіб виробництва структурно-ізоляційних панелей (сіп-панелей) - готових конструктивних елементів будівель і будівельних споруд

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application

Ref document number: 17819416

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1

NENP Non-entry into the national phase

Ref country code: DE

ENP Entry into the national phase

Ref document number: 2017819416

Country of ref document: EP

Effective date: 20190130