WO2018000733A1 - 双馈风机次同步谐振硬件在环测试系统及方法 - Google Patents

双馈风机次同步谐振硬件在环测试系统及方法 Download PDF

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WO2018000733A1
WO2018000733A1 PCT/CN2016/109028 CN2016109028W WO2018000733A1 WO 2018000733 A1 WO2018000733 A1 WO 2018000733A1 CN 2016109028 W CN2016109028 W CN 2016109028W WO 2018000733 A1 WO2018000733 A1 WO 2018000733A1
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doubly
sub
hardware
resonance
fed fan
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PCT/CN2016/109028
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English (en)
French (fr)
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李蕴红
刘辉
宁文元
李�雨
江浩
吴林林
徐海翔
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华北电力科学研究院有限责任公司
国家电网公司
国网冀北电力有限公司电力科学研究院
国网冀北电力有限公司
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Publication of WO2018000733A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018000733A1/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B23/00—Testing or monitoring of control systems or parts thereof
    • G05B23/02—Electric testing or monitoring
    • G05B23/0205—Electric testing or monitoring by means of a monitoring system capable of detecting and responding to faults
    • G05B23/0218—Electric testing or monitoring by means of a monitoring system capable of detecting and responding to faults characterised by the fault detection method dealing with either existing or incipient faults
    • G05B23/0243—Electric testing or monitoring by means of a monitoring system capable of detecting and responding to faults characterised by the fault detection method dealing with either existing or incipient faults model based detection method, e.g. first-principles knowledge model
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B23/00—Testing or monitoring of control systems or parts thereof
    • G05B23/02—Electric testing or monitoring
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B2219/00—Program-control systems
    • G05B2219/20—Pc systems
    • G05B2219/24—Pc safety
    • G05B2219/24065—Real time diagnostics

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  • the invention relates to the field of electric power technology, in particular to a sub-synchronous fan sub-synchronous resonance hardware-in-the-loop test system and method, and a dual-feeder sub-synchronous resonance suppression function hardware-in-the-loop test method.
  • China's wind power is concentrated in the northwestern regions such as Xinjiang, Gansu and Inner Mongolia, and China's energy load center is concentrated in the southeastern coastal areas, high-voltage and large-capacity transmission modes must be adopted to achieve “western power transmission”. Electric east to send.”
  • series capacitors have been used more and more, and have achieved good economic benefits.
  • the series-compensated transmission system may induce the secondary synchronous resonance of the wind power system, thus affecting the safe and stable operation of large-scale wind power bases and delivery systems.
  • it is only academically aware that there is a risk of subsynchronous resonance when the wind power system is transported through the series capacitor, but there is no effective quantitative test method and system.
  • the analysis of subsynchronous resonance of wind power system mainly adopts eigenvalue calculation and time domain simulation.
  • the eigenvalue calculation requires detailed parameters of doubly-fed unit, which is often difficult to obtain.
  • Time domain simulation usually adopts classic fan model, and does not consider different The different performance of the manufacturer's fan in the subsynchronous resonance and the actual consistency of the project are yet to be checked.
  • the field test environment is difficult to construct and the test is difficult. Therefore, there is still a lack of a subsynchronous resonance test method and system that is close to the engineering practice and practical, and can consider the product differences of different manufacturers.
  • the embodiment of the invention provides a sub-synchronous reverberation hardware-in-the-loop test system for the doubly-fed fan, which is used for flexible and simple implementation of the sub-synchronous resonance hardware in-loop test of the doubly-fed fan, and is close to the engineering practice, so that the test result is more accurate, the doubly-fed
  • the fan secondary synchronous resonance hardware-in-the-loop test system includes:
  • a power electronic real-time simulation platform the power electronic real-time simulation platform is provided with a digital simulation model including a power grid, a wind farm device, and a main circuit of the doubly-fed wind turbine; the digital simulation model is downloaded to the power electronic real-time simulation after real-time simulation In the simulator of the platform;
  • the doubly-fed fan controller to be tested is connected to the digital simulation model through an input/output interface of the simulator.
  • the embodiment of the invention further provides a hardware-in-the-loop test method for the sub-synchronous resonance of the doubly-fed fan, which is used for flexible and simple implementation of the sub-synchronous resonance hardware in-loop test of the doubly-fed fan, and is close to the engineering practice, so that the test result is more accurate, the pair
  • the feeder-synchronous resonance hardware-in-the-loop test method includes:
  • the sub-synchronous resonance hardware is excited to generate sub-synchronous resonance in the loop test system
  • the process of exciting the subsynchronous resonance and analyzing the subsynchronous resonance characteristics is repeated by changing the operating conditions or the parameters of the doubly fed fan controller.
  • the embodiment of the invention further provides a hardware-in-the-loop test method for the sub-synchronous resonance suppression function of the double-fed fan, which is used for comprehensively evaluating the sub-synchronous resonance suppression function of the doubly-fed fan, and is close to the engineering practice, so that the test result is more accurate, the pair
  • the hardware-in-the-loop test method for the sub-synchronous resonance suppression function of the feeder includes:
  • Subsynchronous resonance suppression measures are added to test the subsynchronous resonance of the doubly-fed fan under different operating conditions
  • the digital synchronous simulation model is built on the power electronic real-time simulation platform to perform the sub-synchronous resonance hardware in-loop test of the doubly-fed fan, and the detailed parameters of the doubly-fed unit are not required to be compared with the existing scheme using the eigenvalue calculation.
  • the real-time simulation of the power electronic real-time simulation platform and the connected doubly-fed controller to be tested can be performed to analyze the sub-synchronous resonance of the doubly-fed fan.
  • the digital simulation is combined with the actual doubly-fed controller to be tested, and the digital simulation model can be compared with the existing sub-synchronous resonance of the digital model of the doubly-fed wind turbine by using the time domain simulation method.
  • Differentiated design taking into account the impact of the actual doubly-fed fan controller, can make the test process closer to the actual project, and improve the guiding significance of the actual project.
  • the embodiment of the invention can also comprehensively evaluate the sub-synchronous resonance suppression function of the doubly-fed fan, and is close to the engineering reality, so that the test result is more accurate.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a hardware-in-the-loop test system for a sub-synchronous resonance of a double-fed fan according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an example of a hardware-in-the-loop test system for a sub-synchronous resonance of a doubly-fed fan based on an RT-LAB according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a hardware-in-the-loop test method for a sub-synchronous resonance of a double-fed fan according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an example of a subsynchronous resonance waveform of a sub-synchronous resonance hardware in-loop test result of a double-fed fan in an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a hardware-in-the-loop test method for a sub-synchronous resonance suppression function of a double-fed fan according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the embodiment of the invention provides a sub-synchronous resonance hardware-in-the-loop test system of the doubly-fed fan, as shown in FIG.
  • the sub-synchronous resonant hardware in-loop test system of the doubly-fed fan may include:
  • Power electronic real-time simulation platform 1 power electronic real-time simulation platform 1 builds a digital simulation model including the power grid, wind farm equipment, and the main circuit of the doubly-fed fan 11; the digital simulation model 11 is downloaded to the power electronic real-time simulation platform after real-time Simulator 12;
  • the doubly-fed fan controller 2 to be tested is connected to the digital simulation model 11 through the input/output interface 121 of the simulator 12.
  • the sub-synchronous resonant hardware in-loop test system of the doubly-fed fan of the embodiment of the present invention can implement the hardware-in-the-loop test of the doubly-fed fan controller, and can flexibly set the test condition and the operating condition in the digital simulation model, and operate Simple and flexible, and the use of physical controllers, closer to engineering practice than the existing digital simulation solutions.
  • the test system can take into account the influence of the actual controller and realize the subsynchronous resonance measurement of the double-fed fan of different manufacturers.
  • the doubly-fed fan sub-synchronous resonance hardware-in-the-loop test system can set different operating conditions or modify controller parameters in the digital simulation model to test whether sub-synchronous resonance occurs under different test conditions and according to the double
  • the subsynchronous resonance characteristics under different test conditions are analyzed by the response of the feed fan, and the subsynchronous resonance characteristics of the doubly-fed fan are comprehensively analyzed through simulation test.
  • a variety of power electronic real-time simulation platforms can be used to realize the sub-synchronous resonance hardware-in-the-loop test of the doubly-fed fan.
  • a sub-synchronous fan hardware-in-the-loop test of a double-fed fan can be performed based on a power electronic real-time simulation platform such as RT-LAB.
  • RT-LAB a digital simulation model including the power grid, wind farm equipment, and the main circuit of the doubly-fed wind turbine can be built in RT-LAB, and the doubly-fed fan controller of a certain manufacturer can pass the IO of the RT-LAB simulator.
  • the interface is connected with the digital simulation model built in RT-LAB to realize the hardware-in-the-loop simulation system for the subsynchronous resonance test of the doubly-fed fan.
  • the system uses a double-fed wind turbine converter controller to form a closed loop of the physical and digital simulation models. system.
  • the power grid in the digital simulation model may include infinite voltage, transmission line, transformer and series compensation, etc.;
  • the wind farm equipment may include a transformer of a wind farm and a collecting line;
  • the main circuit of the doubly-fed wind turbine may include a shafting system of the wind turbine. , motor, converter main circuit, protection circuit and filter branch.
  • specific operating conditions can be set to stimulate subsynchronous resonance for analysis.
  • FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an example of a hardware-in-the-loop test system for a sub-synchronous resonance of a doubly-fed fan based on an RT-LAB according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the digital simulation model built in RT-LAB includes infinite voltage representing the large power grid, transmission lines, transformers and series compensation of the researched power grid, transformers and collection lines of wind farms, and shafts of wind turbines.
  • Digital model of the system, motor, converter main circuit, protection circuit and filter branch After the digital simulation model is real-time, it can be compiled into C code and downloaded to the RT-LAB simulator.
  • the digital simulation model is connected to the doubly-fed fan controller.
  • controller physical and digital simulation models are connected via the IO interface on the RT-LAB simulator.
  • Figure 2 shows the transmission on the digital simulation model.
  • Line, voltage source, fan collection line, wind turbine controller physical object, etc. also shows the 220KV voltage signal, machine terminal voltage signal, machine terminal current signal and fan control signal output or input of the simulation machine IO interface.
  • the analog quantity output by the digital simulation model may include: grid voltage, grid current, stator voltage, stator current, grid side voltage, grid side module current, machine side voltage, machine side module current, DC bus voltage, Crowbar voltage And one or any combination of the rotor speed and the like.
  • the digital quantity output by the digital simulation model may include: a network side contactor closing signal and/or an excitation contactor closing signal.
  • the digital quantity input by the digital simulation model may include: one of a grid-side converter IGBT pulse signal, a machine-side converter IGBT pulse signal, a network-side contactor closing signal, and an excitation contactor closing signal. Or any combination.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a hardware-in-the-loop test method for a sub-synchronous resonance of a doubly-fed fan according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG.
  • Step 301 In the above-mentioned doubly-fed wind turbine sub-synchronous resonance hardware-in-the-loop test system, the controller to be tested is connected to
  • Step 302 By setting a running condition or a parameter of the doubly-fed fan controller, the sub-synchronous resonance of the sub-synchronous resonant hardware of the doubly-fed fan is generated in the ring test system;
  • Step 303 extracting voltage and current signals of the sub-synchronous resonant hardware in-loop test system of the doubly-fed fan, and analyzing subsynchronous resonance characteristics of the sub-synchronous resonant hardware in-loop test system of the doubly-fed fan;
  • Step 304 changing the operating conditions or the parameters of the doubly-fed fan controller, repeating the process of exciting the sub-synchronous resonance and analyzing the sub-synchronous resonance characteristics.
  • the sub-synchronous resonating hardware in-loop test method of the doubly-fed fan can connect the actual doubly-fed fan controller to the above-mentioned doubly-fed fan sub-synchronous resonance hardware-in-the-loop test system, so that the test result It is closer to the actual project and avoids the limitations of field testing.
  • the test method can test the response of different manufacturers' controllers in the case of subsynchronous resonance, and it is easy to evaluate the risk of subsynchronous resonance and delineate the subsynchronous resonance stability boundary.
  • test procedure for the subsynchronous resonance of the doubly-fed fan can be as follows:
  • the subsynchronous resonant hardware of the doubly-fed fan can be used to generate subsynchronous resonance in the loop test system.
  • the series compensation capacitor can be excited by the digital simulation model.
  • the sub-synchronous resonance of the feed fan subsynchronous resonance hardware occurs in the loop test system.
  • the series compensation in the digital simulation model may be short-circuited, and the double-fed fan is connected to a digital simulation model that does not include series compensation. After the operation is stable, the series compensation is input, and the sub-synchronous resonance is excited.
  • the subsynchronous resonance of the subsynchronous resonant hardware in the loop test system can be excited by reducing the wind speed in the simulation condition.
  • the number of grid-connected fans in the simulation condition can be changed to the sub-synchronous resonance of the sub-synchronous resonance hardware in the ring test system when the number of the connected wind turbines is within the set range.
  • the system damping is the worst, and the secondary synchronous resonance is most likely to occur.
  • the sub-synchronous resonance hardware of the doubly-fed fan can be used to generate subsynchronous resonance in the loop test system.
  • Various methods can also be used, for example, by setting the machine side and the grid side converter inside and outside.
  • the machine-side converter current inner loop proportional coefficient to exceed the set value the sub-synchronous resonant hardware of the double-fed fan is subjected to sub-synchronous resonance in the loop test system.
  • the proportional coefficient of the inner loop of the converter on the machine side is large, the absolute value of the negative damping of the doubly-fed fan is large, and the subsynchronous resonance is more likely to occur.
  • the 2MW double-fed fan controller of a mainstream converter controller manufacturer in China is used, and the subsynchronous resonance waveform obtained under certain working conditions is shown in Fig. 4. Shown.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a hardware-in-the-loop test method for a sub-synchronous resonance suppression function of a doubly-fed fan according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 5, the method may include:
  • Step 501 Connect the dual-feeder controller to be tested in the sub-synchronous resonance hardware-in-the-loop test system of the doubly-fed fan;
  • Step 502 Test a subsynchronous resonance condition of the doubly-fed fan under different operating conditions, for example, including a frequency and a damping ratio;
  • Step 503 adding a subsynchronous resonance suppression measure to test a subsynchronous resonance condition of the doubly-fed fan under different operating conditions, for example, including a frequency and a damping ratio;
  • Step 504 Comparing the subsynchronous resonance of the doubly-fed fan before and after adding the subsynchronous resonance suppression function under the same operating condition, and evaluating the subsynchronous resonance suppression effect;
  • Step 505 Comparing the steady-state performance of the doubly-fed fan before and after adding the subsynchronous resonance suppression function under different operating conditions, for example, including THD (Total Harmonic Distortion), etc., evaluating the subsynchronous resonance suppression function to the doubly-fed fan The effect of steady state performance;
  • THD Total Harmonic Distortion
  • Step 506 comparing the dynamic performance of the doubly-fed fan before and after adding the subsynchronous resonance suppression function under different operating conditions, for example, including THD, response speed, etc., and evaluating the influence of the subsynchronous resonance suppression function on the dynamic performance of the doubly-fed wind turbine;
  • Step 507 Comparing the low voltage ride-through capability of the doubly-fed fan before and after adding the sub-synchronous resonance suppression function, for example, including the response of the active power and the reactive power, and evaluating the influence of the sub-synchronous resonance suppression function on the low voltage ride-through capability of the doubly-fed fan.
  • the digital synchronous simulation model is built on the power electronic real-time simulation platform to perform the sub-synchronous resonance hardware in-loop test of the doubly-fed fan, and the existing eigenvalue calculation scheme is not required to obtain the double
  • the detailed parameters of the feeder can be simulated in real time by using the power electronic real-time simulation platform and the connected doubly-fed controller to be tested, and analyze the subsynchronous resonance of the doubly-fed fan.
  • the digital simulation is combined with the actual doubly-fed controller to be tested, and the digital simulation model can be compared with the existing sub-synchronous resonance of the digital model of the doubly-fed wind turbine by using the time domain simulation method.
  • Differentiated design taking into account the impact of the actual doubly-fed fan controller, can make the test process closer to the actual project, and improve the guiding significance of the actual project.
  • the embodiment of the invention can also comprehensively evaluate the sub-synchronous resonance suppression function of the doubly-fed fan, and is close to the engineering reality, so that the test result is more accurate.
  • embodiments of the present invention can be provided as a method, system, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present invention may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment, or a combination of software and hardware. Moreover, the invention can take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) including computer usable program code.
  • computer-usable storage media including but not limited to disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.
  • the computer program instructions can also be stored in a computer readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing device to operate in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer readable memory produce an article of manufacture comprising the instruction device.
  • the apparatus implements the functions specified in one or more blocks of a flow or a flow and/or block diagram of the flowchart.
  • These computer program instructions can also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing device such that a series of operational steps are performed on a computer or other programmable device to produce computer-implemented processing for execution on a computer or other programmable device.
  • the instructions provide steps for implementing the functions specified in one or more of the flow or in a block or blocks of a flow diagram.

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Abstract

一种双馈风机次同步谐振硬件在环测试系统及方法，其中系统包括：电力电子实时仿真平台，所述电力电子实时仿真平台搭建有包括电网、风电场设备、及双馈风机主电路的数字仿真模型；所述数字仿真模型经实时化后下载至所述电力电子实时仿真平台的仿真机中；待测双馈风机控制器，通过所述仿真机的输入输出接口，与所述数字仿真模型进行连接。可以灵活简便地实现双馈风机次同步谐振硬件在环测试，并接近工程实际，使测试结果更加准确。还提供一种双馈风机次同步谐振抑制功能硬件在环测试方法，可以全面的评估双馈风机的次同步谐振抑制功能。

Description

双馈风机次同步谐振硬件在环测试系统及方法 技术领域
本发明涉及电力技术领域，尤其涉及双馈风机次同步谐振硬件在环测试系统及方法、双馈风机次同步谐振抑制功能硬件在环测试方法。
背景技术
风电已成为中国能源战略的重要组成部分。但由于我国相当一大部分风电集中在新疆、甘肃、内蒙古等西北地区，而我国能源负荷中心却集中在东南沿海地区，因此在进行电力输送时必须采取高电压、大容量的输电模式实现“西电东送”。考虑到新建输电线路所带来的工程造价、输电走廊占用等问题，提高现有交流线路的输送能力具有非常重要的意义。在输电线路中加入串补电容器可以减小线路电抗，提高输电系统静态稳定极限和输送能力。
随着输电系统的发展，串补电容器得到越来越多的应用，也取得了较好的经济效益。但是串补输电系统可能会诱发风电系统的次同步谐振问题，从而影响大规模风电基地及外送系统的安全稳定运行。目前，仅是从学术上定性认识到风电系统通过串补电容器输送时存在发生次同步谐振的风险，但却没有一套行之有效的定量测试方法和系统。
目前对风电系统次同步谐振的分析主要采用特征值计算和时域仿真的方法，特征值计算需要双馈机组详细的参数，往往难以获取；时域仿真通常采用经典的风机模型，并未考虑不同厂家的风机在次同步谐振时的不同表现，与工程实际的一致性有待校核。而现场试验环境难以构建，试验难度大。因此，目前还缺乏一种贴近工程实际、切实可行的、能够考虑不同厂家产品差异性的次同步谐振测试方法和系统。
发明内容
本发明实施例提供一种双馈风机次同步谐振硬件在环测试系统，用以灵活简便地实现双馈风机次同步谐振硬件在环测试，并接近工程实际，使测试结果更加准确，该双馈风机次同步谐振硬件在环测试系统包括：
电力电子实时仿真平台，所述电力电子实时仿真平台搭建有包括电网、风电场设备、及双馈风机主电路的数字仿真模型；所述数字仿真模型经实时化后下载至所述电力电子实时仿真平台的仿真机中；
待测双馈风机控制器，通过所述仿真机的输入输出接口，与所述数字仿真模型进行连接。
本发明实施例还提供一种双馈风机次同步谐振硬件在环测试方法，用以灵活简便地实现双馈风机次同步谐振硬件在环测试，并接近工程实际，使测试结果更加准确，该双馈风机次同步谐振硬件在环测试方法包括：
在上述双馈风机次同步谐振硬件在环测试系统接入待测双馈风机控制器；
通过设置运行工况或双馈风机控制器的参数，激发所述双馈风机次同步谐振硬件在环测试系统发生次同步谐振；
提取所述双馈风机次同步谐振硬件在环测试系统的电压及电流信号，分析所述双馈风机次同步谐振硬件在环测试系统的次同步谐振特征；
改变运行工况或双馈风机控制器的参数，重复上述激发次同步谐振及分析次同步谐振特征的过程。
本发明实施例还提供一种双馈风机次同步谐振抑制功能硬件在环测试方法，用以全面的评估双馈风机的次同步谐振抑制功能，并接近工程实际，使测试结果更加准确，该双馈风机次同步谐振抑制功能硬件在环测试方法包括：
在上述双馈风机次同步谐振硬件在环测试系统接入待测双馈风机控制器；
测试双馈风机在不同运行工况下的次同步谐振情况；
加入次同步谐振抑制措施，测试双馈风机在不同运行工况下的次同步谐振情况；
对比加入次同步谐振抑制功能前后双馈风机在同一运行工况下的次同步谐振情况，评估次同步谐振抑制效果；
对比加入次同步谐振抑制功能前后双馈风机在不同运行工况下的稳态性能，评估次同步谐振抑制功能对双馈风机稳态性能的影响；
对比加入次同步谐振抑制功能前后双馈风机在不同运行工况下的动态性能，评估次同步谐振抑制功能对双馈风机动态性能的影响；
对比加入次同步谐振抑制功能前后双馈风机低电压穿越能力，评估次同步谐振抑制功能对双馈风机低电压穿越能力的影响。
在本发明实施例中，通过在电力电子实时仿真平台搭建数字仿真模型进行双馈风机次同步谐振硬件在环测试，与现有采用特征值计算的方案相比，无需获取双馈机组详细的参数，即可利用电力电子实时仿真平台和所连接的待测双馈风机控制器进行实时仿真，分析双馈风机次同步谐振。
在本发明实施例中，将数字仿真与实际待测双馈风机控制器相结合，与现有采用时域仿真法测量双馈风机数字模型的次同步谐振相比，数字仿真模型可以根据不同厂家进行差异化设计，考虑了实际双馈风机控制器的影响，可以使测试过程更接近工程实际，提升对工程实际的指导意义。
本发明实施例还可以全面的评估双馈风机的次同步谐振抑制功能，并接近工程实际，使测试结果更加准确。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例中的技术方案，下面将对实施例描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。在附图中：
图1为本发明实施例中双馈风机次同步谐振硬件在环测试系统的示意图；
图2为本发明实施例中基于RT-LAB的双馈风机次同步谐振硬件在环测试系统实例图；
图3为本发明实施例中双馈风机次同步谐振硬件在环测试方法的示意图；
图4为本发明实施例中双馈风机次同步谐振硬件在环测试结果次同步谐振波形实例图；
图5为本发明实施例中双馈风机次同步谐振抑制功能硬件在环测试方法的示意图。
具体实施方式
为使本发明实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚明白，下面结合附图对本发明实施例做进一步详细说明。在此，本发明的示意性实施例及其说明用于解释本发明，但并不作为对本发明的限定。
为了灵活简便地实现双馈风机次同步谐振硬件在环测试，并接近工程实际，使测试结果更加准确，本发明实施例提供一种双馈风机次同步谐振硬件在环测试系统，如图1所示，该双馈风机次同步谐振硬件在环测试系统可以包括：
电力电子实时仿真平台1，电力电子实时仿真平台1搭建有包括电网、风电场设备、及双馈风机主电路的数字仿真模型11；数字仿真模型11经实时化后下载至电力电子实时仿真平台1的仿真机12中；
待测双馈风机控制器2，通过仿真机12的输入输出接口121，与数字仿真模型11进行连接。
可以得知，本发明实施例的双馈风机次同步谐振硬件在环测试系统，能够实现双馈风机控制器的硬件在环测试，在数字仿真模型中能够灵活设置测试条件和运行工况，操作简便灵活，而且采用物理控制器，较之现有技术中完全采用数字仿真的方案更接近工程实际。该测试系统能够考虑实际控制器的影响，实现对不同厂家双馈风机的次同步谐振测量。
实施例中该双馈风机次同步谐振硬件在环测试系统，可以在数字仿真模型中设置不同的运行工况或修改控制器参数等，测试不同的测试条件下是否会发生次同步谐振以及根据双馈风机的响应情况等分析不同测试条件下的次同步谐振特征，从而通过仿真测试对双馈风机次同步谐振特性进行全面的分析。
具体实施时，可以采用多种电力电子实时仿真平台实现双馈风机次同步谐振硬件在环测试。例如可以基于RT-LAB等电力电子实时仿真平台进行双馈风机次同步谐振硬件在环测试。以RT-LAB为例，可以在RT-LAB中搭建包括电网、风电场设备、及双馈风机主电路等的数字仿真模型，将某厂家的双馈风机控制器通过RT-LAB仿真机的IO接口与在RT-LAB搭建的数字仿真模型相连，从而实现用于双馈风机次同步谐振测试的硬件在环仿真系统，该系统采用双馈风机变流器控制器实物与数字仿真模型构成一闭环系统。
具体实施时，数字仿真模型中的电网可以包括无穷大电压、输电线路、变压器及串补等；风电场设备可以包括风电场的变压器及汇集线路等；双馈风机主电路可以包括风电机组的轴系、电机、变流器主电路、保护电路及滤波支路等。在数字仿真模型中可以设置特定的运行工况，激发次同步谐振进行分析。
图2为本发明实施例中基于RT-LAB的双馈风机次同步谐振硬件在环测试系统实例图。如图2所示，在RT-LAB搭建的数字仿真模型包括代表大电网的无穷大电压，所研究电网的输电线路、变压器及串补等，风电场的变压器及汇集线路等设备，风电机组的轴系、电机、变流器主电路、保护电路及滤波支路等的数字模型。数字仿真模型经实时化后可以编译成C代码，并下载到RT-LAB仿真机中。图2中与数字仿真模型相连接的是双馈风机控制器实物，可以采用不同厂家已经市场化的产品，与现场运行的双馈风机中安装的控制器一致；也可以采用正在研制中的产品进行测试。控制器实物与数字仿真模型通过RT-LAB仿真机上的IO接口进行连接。图2中示出了数字仿真模型上的传输 线路、电压源、风机汇集线、风电机组控制器实物等，还示出了仿真机IO接口输出或输入的220KV电压信号、机端电压信号、机端电流信号及风机控制信号。
具体实施时，数字仿真模型输出的模拟量可以包括：电网电压、电网电流、定子电压、定子电流、网侧电压、网侧模块电流、机侧电压、机侧模块电流、直流母线电压、Crowbar电压及转子转速等其中之一或任意组合。具体实施时，数字仿真模型输出的数字量可以包括：网侧接触器合闸信号和/或励磁接触器合闸信号等。具体实施时，数字仿真模型输入的数字量可以包括：网侧变流器IGBT脉冲信号、机侧变流器IGBT脉冲信号，网侧接触器合闸信号及励磁接触器合闸信号等其中之一或任意组合。
图3为本发明实施例中双馈风机次同步谐振硬件在环测试方法的示意图，如图3所示，该双馈风机次同步谐振硬件在环测试方法可以包括：
步骤301、在上述双馈风机次同步谐振硬件在环测试系统接入待测双馈风机控制器；
步骤302、通过设置运行工况或双馈风机控制器的参数，激发双馈风机次同步谐振硬件在环测试系统发生次同步谐振；
步骤303、提取双馈风机次同步谐振硬件在环测试系统的电压及电流信号，分析双馈风机次同步谐振硬件在环测试系统的次同步谐振特征；
步骤304、改变运行工况或双馈风机控制器的参数，重复上述激发次同步谐振及分析次同步谐振特征的过程。
如前所述，本发明实施例中双馈风机次同步谐振硬件在环测试方法能够将实际的双馈风机控制器接入到上述双馈风机次同步谐振硬件在环测试系统中，使测试结果与工程实际更为接近，又避免了现场测试的局限性。该测试方法能够对不同厂家控制器在次同步谐振情况下的响应情况进行测试，便于评估其次同步谐振的风险，划定次同步谐振稳定边界。
举一例，双馈风机次同步谐振的测试步骤可以如下：
①利用前文的双馈风机次同步谐振硬件在环测试系统，接入待测双馈风机控制器。
②通过设置特定的运行工况或控制器参数等，激发双馈风机次同步谐振硬件在环测试系统次同步谐振。
③提取电压、电流等电气量，分析次同步谐振特征。
④改变仿真工况或控制器参数等，测试双馈风机次同步谐振硬件在环测试系统在不同条件下是否会发生次同步谐振以及不同条件下的次同步谐振特征。通过仿真测试对双馈风机次同步谐振硬件在环测试系统的次同步谐振特性进行全面的分析。
具体实施时，通过设置运行工况，激发双馈风机次同步谐振硬件在环测试系统发生次同步谐振可以采用多种方法，例如，可以通过在数字仿真模型投入线路上的串联补偿电容，激发双馈风机次同步谐振硬件在环测试系统发生次同步谐振。实施例中可以首先将数字仿真模型中的串补短路，将双馈风机接到不包含串补的数字仿真模型，待运行稳定后，投入串补，激发次同步谐振。又如，可以通过降低仿真工况中的风速，激发双馈风机次同步谐振硬件在环测试系统发生次同步谐振。或者，可以改变仿真工况中的并网风机台数至并网风机台数在设定范围内时，激发双馈风机次同步谐振硬件在环测试系统发生次同步谐振。当并网风机台数在某一特定范围内时，系统阻尼最差，最容易发生次同步谐振。
具体实施时，通过设置双馈风机控制器的参数，激发双馈风机次同步谐振硬件在环测试系统发生次同步谐振也可以采用多种方法，例如，通过设置机侧和网侧变流器内外环控制参数，激发双馈风机次同步谐振硬件在环测试系统发生次同步谐振。例如，通过设置机侧变流器电流内环比例系数超过设定值，激发双馈风机次同步谐振硬件在环测试系统发生次同步谐振。在机侧变流器电流内环比例系数较大时，双馈风机负阻尼绝对值较大，更容易发生次同步谐振。
举一例，利用上述双馈风机次同步谐振硬件在环测试系统，接入国内某主流变流器控制器厂家的2MW双馈风机控制器，在特定工况下得到的次同步谐振波形如图4所示。
图5为本发明实施例中双馈风机次同步谐振抑制功能硬件在环测试方法的示意图，如图5所示，该方法可以包括：
步骤501、在上述双馈风机次同步谐振硬件在环测试系统接入待测双馈风机控制器；
步骤502、测试双馈风机在不同运行工况下的次同步谐振情况，例如包括频率和阻尼比；
步骤503、加入次同步谐振抑制措施，测试双馈风机在不同运行工况下的次同步谐振情况，例如包括频率和阻尼比；
步骤504、对比加入次同步谐振抑制功能前后双馈风机在同一运行工况下的次同步谐振情况，评估次同步谐振抑制效果；
步骤505、对比加入次同步谐振抑制功能前后双馈风机在不同运行工况下的稳态性能，例如包括THD(Total Harmonic Distortion，总谐波失真)等，评估次同步谐振抑制功能对双馈风机稳态性能的影响；
步骤506、对比加入次同步谐振抑制功能前后双馈风机在不同运行工况下的动态性能，例如包括THD、响应速度等，评估次同步谐振抑制功能对双馈风机动态性能的影响；
步骤507、对比加入次同步谐振抑制功能前后双馈风机低电压穿越能力，例如包括有功功率、无功功率的响应情况等，评估次同步谐振抑制功能对双馈风机低电压穿越能力的影响。
综上所述，在本发明实施例中，通过在电力电子实时仿真平台搭建数字仿真模型进行双馈风机次同步谐振硬件在环测试，与现有采用特征值计算的方案相比，无需获取双馈机组详细的参数，即可利用电力电子实时仿真平台和所连接的待测双馈风机控制器进行实时仿真，分析双馈风机次同步谐振。
在本发明实施例中，将数字仿真与实际待测双馈风机控制器相结合，与现有采用时域仿真法测量双馈风机数字模型的次同步谐振相比，数字仿真模型可以根据不同厂家进行差异化设计，考虑了实际双馈风机控制器的影响，可以使测试过程更接近工程实际，提升对工程实际的指导意义。
本发明实施例还可以全面的评估双馈风机的次同步谐振抑制功能，并接近工程实际，使测试结果更加准确。
本领域内的技术人员应明白，本发明的实施例可提供为方法、系统、或计算机程序产品。因此，本发明可采用完全硬件实施例、完全软件实施例、或结合软件和硬件方面的实施例的形式。而且，本发明可采用在一个或多个其中包含有计算机可用程序代码的计算机可用存储介质(包括但不限于磁盘存储器、CD-ROM、光学存储器等)上实施的计算机程序产品的形式。
本发明是参照根据本发明实施例的方法、设备(系统)、和计算机程序产品的流程图和/或方框图来描述的。应理解可由计算机程序指令实现流程图和/或方框图中的每一流程和/或方框、以及流程图和/或方框图中的流程和/或方框的结合。可提供这些计算机程序指令到通用计算机、专用计算机、嵌入式处理机或其他可编程数据处理设备的处理 器以产生一个机器，使得通过计算机或其他可编程数据处理设备的处理器执行的指令产生用于实现在流程图一个流程或多个流程和/或方框图一个方框或多个方框中指定的功能的装置。
这些计算机程序指令也可存储在能引导计算机或其他可编程数据处理设备以特定方式工作的计算机可读存储器中，使得存储在该计算机可读存储器中的指令产生包括指令装置的制造品，该指令装置实现在流程图一个流程或多个流程和/或方框图一个方框或多个方框中指定的功能。
这些计算机程序指令也可装载到计算机或其他可编程数据处理设备上，使得在计算机或其他可编程设备上执行一系列操作步骤以产生计算机实现的处理，从而在计算机或其他可编程设备上执行的指令提供用于实现在流程图一个流程或多个流程和/或方框图一个方框或多个方框中指定的功能的步骤。
以上所述的具体实施例，对本发明的目的、技术方案和有益效果进行了进一步详细说明，所应理解的是，以上所述仅为本发明的具体实施例而已，并不用于限定本发明的保护范围，凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所做的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (11)

  1. 一种双馈风机次同步谐振硬件在环测试系统，其特征在于，包括：
    电力电子实时仿真平台，所述电力电子实时仿真平台搭建有包括电网、风电场设备、及双馈风机主电路的数字仿真模型；所述数字仿真模型经实时化后下载至所述电力电子实时仿真平台的仿真机中；
    待测双馈风机控制器，通过所述仿真机的输入输出接口，与所述数字仿真模型进行连接。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的双馈风机次同步谐振硬件在环测试系统，其特征在于，所述电网包括无穷大电压、输电线路、变压器及串补；所述风电场设备包括风电场的变压器及汇集线路；所述双馈风机主电路包括风电机组的轴系、电机、变流器主电路、保护电路及滤波支路。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的双馈风机次同步谐振硬件在环测试系统，其特征在于，所述数字仿真模型输出的模拟量包括：电网电压、电网电流、定子电压、定子电流、网侧电压、网侧模块电流、机侧电压、机侧模块电流、直流母线电压、Crowbar电压及转子转速其中之一或任意组合；
    所述数字仿真模型输出的数字量包括：网侧接触器合闸信号和/或励磁接触器合闸信号。
  4. 如权利要求1所述的双馈风机次同步谐振硬件在环测试系统，其特征在于，所述数字仿真模型输入的数字量包括：网侧变流器IGBT脉冲信号、机侧变流器IGBT脉冲信号，网侧接触器合闸信号及励磁接触器合闸信号其中之一或任意组合。
  5. 如权利要求1所述的双馈风机次同步谐振硬件在环测试系统，其特征在于，所述电力电子实时仿真平台包括RT-LAB。
  6. 一种双馈风机次同步谐振硬件在环测试方法，其特征在于，包括：
    在权利要求1所述双馈风机次同步谐振硬件在环测试系统接入待测双馈风机控制器；
    通过设置运行工况或双馈风机控制器的参数，激发所述双馈风机次同步谐振硬件在环测试系统发生次同步谐振；
    提取所述双馈风机次同步谐振硬件在环测试系统的电压及电流信号，分析所述双馈风机次同步谐振硬件在环测试系统的次同步谐振特征；
    改变运行工况或双馈风机控制器的参数，重复上述激发次同步谐振及分析次同步谐振特征的过程。
  7. 如权利要求6所述的双馈风机次同步谐振硬件在环测试方法，其特征在于，通过设置运行工况，激发所述双馈风机次同步谐振硬件在环测试系统发生次同步谐振，包括：
    通过在所述数字仿真模型投入线路上的串联补偿电容，激发所述双馈风机次同步谐振硬件在环测试系统发生次同步谐振。
  8. 如权利要求6所述的双馈风机次同步谐振硬件在环测试方法，其特征在于，通过设置运行工况，激发所述双馈风机次同步谐振硬件在环测试系统发生次同步谐振，包括：
    通过降低仿真工况中的风速，激发所述双馈风机次同步谐振硬件在环测试系统发生次同步谐振；
    或，改变仿真工况中的并网风机台数至并网风机台数在设定范围内时，激发所述双馈风机次同步谐振硬件在环测试系统发生次同步谐振。
  9. 如权利要求6所述的双馈风机次同步谐振硬件在环测试方法，其特征在于，通过设置双馈风机控制器的参数，激发所述双馈风机次同步谐振硬件在环测试系统发生次同步谐振，包括：
    通过设置机侧和网侧变流器内外环控制参数，激发所述双馈风机次同步谐振硬件在环测试系统发生次同步谐振。
  10. 如权利要求9所述的双馈风机次同步谐振硬件在环测试方法，其特征在于，通过设置机侧和网侧变流器内外环控制参数，激发所述双馈风机次同步谐振硬件在环测试系统发生次同步谐振，包括：
    通过设置机侧变流器电流内环比例系统超过设定值，激发所述双馈风机次同步谐振硬件在环测试系统发生次同步谐振。
  11. 一种双馈风机次同步谐振抑制功能硬件在环测试方法，其特征在于，包括：
    在权利要求1所述双馈风机次同步谐振硬件在环测试系统接入待测双馈风机控制器；
    测试双馈风机在不同运行工况下的次同步谐振情况；
    加入次同步谐振抑制措施，测试双馈风机在不同运行工况下的次同步谐振情况；
    对比加入次同步谐振抑制功能前后双馈风机在同一运行工况下的次同步谐振情况，评估次同步谐振抑制效果；
    对比加入次同步谐振抑制功能前后双馈风机在不同运行工况下的稳态性能，评估次同步谐振抑制功能对双馈风机稳态性能的影响；
    对比加入次同步谐振抑制功能前后双馈风机在不同运行工况下的动态性能，评估次同步谐振抑制功能对双馈风机动态性能的影响；
    对比加入次同步谐振抑制功能前后双馈风机低电压穿越能力，评估次同步谐振抑制功能对双馈风机低电压穿越能力的影响。
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