WO2017217184A1 - ドリルビット及び孔形成方法 - Google Patents
ドリルビット及び孔形成方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2017217184A1 WO2017217184A1 PCT/JP2017/018905 JP2017018905W WO2017217184A1 WO 2017217184 A1 WO2017217184 A1 WO 2017217184A1 JP 2017018905 W JP2017018905 W JP 2017018905W WO 2017217184 A1 WO2017217184 A1 WO 2017217184A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- drill bit
- cutting
- lubricant
- hole
- molecular weight
- Prior art date
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B35/00—Methods for boring or drilling, or for working essentially requiring the use of boring or drilling machines; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such methods
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B51/00—Tools for drilling machines
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B51/00—Tools for drilling machines
- B23B51/02—Twist drills
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B51/00—Tools for drilling machines
- B23B51/06—Drills with lubricating or cooling equipment
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B2215/00—Details of workpieces
- B23B2215/04—Aircraft components
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B2222/00—Materials of tools or workpieces composed of metals, alloys or metal matrices
- B23B2222/04—Aluminium
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B2222/00—Materials of tools or workpieces composed of metals, alloys or metal matrices
- B23B2222/52—Magnesium
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B2222/00—Materials of tools or workpieces composed of metals, alloys or metal matrices
- B23B2222/88—Titanium
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B2226/00—Materials of tools or workpieces not comprising a metal
- B23B2226/27—Composites
- B23B2226/275—Carbon fibre reinforced carbon composites
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B2250/00—Compensating adverse effects during turning, boring or drilling
- B23B2250/12—Cooling and lubrication
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B2251/00—Details of tools for drilling machines
- B23B2251/08—Side or plan views of cutting edges
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B2251/00—Details of tools for drilling machines
- B23B2251/18—Configuration of the drill point
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B2251/00—Details of tools for drilling machines
- B23B2251/28—Arrangement of teeth
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a drill bit and a hole forming method.
- metal materials mainly aluminum alloys
- aircraft structural materials structural materials
- Heat-resistant alloys such as titanium alloy and stainless steel are used in places around the aircraft structure where temperatures can be higher, such as jet exhaust locations and afterburners, but as the speed of aircraft increases in the future, aerodynamic heating Therefore, the strength of the conventional aluminum alloy is lowered. Therefore, in the future, it is expected that a harder titanium alloy or stainless steel will be used as the structural material as the main body of the airframe structure.
- These structural materials constituting the aircraft fuselage need to be drilled with a drill in order to fasten the metal materials or between the metal material and another structural material such as CFRP with bolts.
- Patent Document 1 a method for spraying a cutting fluid and a method for reducing the load on the drill by changing the shape of the drill and a method for avoiding a decrease in the processing life of the drill are exemplified (for example, Patent Document 1).
- CFRP carbon fiber reinforced plastic
- CFRP refers to a plastic obtained by laminating one or two or more prepregs obtained by impregnating a carbon fiber with a matrix resin, followed by heat molding or heat pressure molding.
- the member formed of CFRP is fixed to the structure using fastening elements such as bolts and rivets. For this reason, when CFRP is fixed to a structure such as an aircraft part, it is necessary to perform a cutting process, in particular, a drilling process in which many holes for passing fastening elements are formed in the CFRP.
- drilling is usually performed using a drill, but even if a drill dedicated to metal is used, the drilling service life is short, and when a general drill is used, the drilling service life is Extremely short.
- wear of the drill blade occurs, and the quality of the processed holes decreases. Specifically, the inner diameter of the processed hole tends to be small, and burrs are likely to occur on the exit side through which the drill passes.
- a gap is generated between the metal material to be fastened with the bolt and a structural material of another material such as CFRP, and floating is generated between these structural materials, or machining waste enters the generated gap. There are things to do. Such a phenomenon is recognized as a serious defect.
- drilling is usually performed using a drill in the fiber reinforced composite material.
- the drill drilling service life is extremely short, and as the number of drilled holes increases, wear on the drill blade occurs, and the quality of the drilled holes decreases.
- the inner diameter of the processed hole tends to be small, and the fluff of carbon fiber (hereinafter also referred to as “fiber uncut residue” on the exit side through which the drill penetrates.
- fiber uncut residue on the exit side through which the drill penetrates.
- Part of the fiber forming the fiber-reinforced composite material is cut. This is a phenomenon that remains in the periphery of the processing hole as uncut portions.), And peeling between the prepreg layers forming the fiber-reinforced composite material (hereinafter referred to as delamination) is also likely to occur.
- the present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and provides a hole forming method capable of forming high-quality holes even when the work material is a difficult-to-cut metal material or a fiber-reinforced composite material.
- An object is to provide a drill bit used in this method.
- the present inventors diligently studied to achieve the above object. As a result, the present invention has been completed by finding that the above object can be achieved by cutting the material to be processed using a cutting auxiliary lubricant and a drill bit having a recess on the tip surface. .
- the surface has a second surface adjacent to the cutting edge; The drill bit according to [1], wherein the recess is provided on the second surface.
- the surface has a second surface adjacent to the cutting edge, and a third surface adjacent to the second surface; The drill bit according to [1] or [2], wherein the concave portion is provided on the third surface.
- [8] Including a hole forming step of forming a hole by cutting the processed portion by drilling while bringing the cutting auxiliary lubricant into contact with at least one of the processed portion of the drill bit and the processed material;
- the drill bit according to any one of [1] to [7] is used.
- Hole formation method [9] The hole forming method according to [8], wherein the cutting auxiliary lubricant is formed in a sheet shape.
- the workpiece material has a thickness of 1.0 mm or more, The hole forming method according to [8] or [9], wherein a diameter of the hole formed by the hole forming step is 3.0 mm or more.
- the drill bit used for this method is provided. Can be provided.
- the tip of the drill bit 1 has a pair of cutting edges 10 and surfaces located in the vicinity of each cutting edge 10 (on the second surface 20 and the second surface 20 adjacent to the cutting blade 10. And an adjacent third surface 30).
- adopted the two cutting edges 10 was shown in this embodiment, at least one cutting edge 10 should just be provided and three or more may be provided.
- the example in which the third surface 30 adjacent to the second surface 20 is provided has been described, but the third surface 30 may not be provided.
- the “second surface” means a surface disposed immediately adjacent to the cutting edge and in contact with the cutting edge, so-called “second surface” (a drill for the purpose of avoiding friction during cutting). In order to form a gap between the outer periphery of the drill and the portion to be processed, the surface is different from the surface formed by leaving a margin width in the land portion of the drill.
- Each second surface 20 of the drill bit 1 is provided with a recess having a predetermined planar shape.
- a substantially linear groove 40 formed substantially parallel to each cutting edge 10 can be employed.
- the dimension between the cutting edge 10 and the groove 40 is preferably set to 0.25 mm or more and 0.43 mm or less.
- the lubricant 2 temporarily held by the groove 40 is difficult to be supplied to the entire second surface 20, and the lubricating effect is reduced. Since the temperature at the time of cutting may increase, it is not preferable.
- the dimension between the cutting edge 10 and the groove 40 exceeds 0.43 mm, the lubricant 2 becomes difficult to be supplied to the cutting edge 10, and the sharpness when the drill bit 1 penetrates is difficult to maintain. This is not preferable because burrs at the portion (exit side) to be the exit of the drill bit 1 are likely to occur.
- the (maximum) depth of the groove 40 it is preferable to set the (maximum) depth of the groove 40 to 0.05 mm or more and 0.15 mm or less.
- the depth of the groove 40 is less than 0.05 mm, the lubricant 2 hardly spreads to the tip portion of the drill bit 1, and the lubrication effect is reduced, and burrs are easily generated on the workpiece W. This is not preferable because the friction coefficient between the workpiece W and the contact surface of the tip of the drill bit 1 increases, and the friction temperature may increase.
- the depth of the groove 40 exceeds 0.15 mm, the strength of the surface on which the groove 40 of the drill bit 1 is formed is lowered, and the surface may be damaged during processing, and the hole quality may be deteriorated. This is not preferable.
- the width (average value) of the groove 40 it is preferable to set the width (average value) of the groove 40 to 0.23 mm or more and 0.30 mm or less. If the width of the groove 40 is less than 0.23 mm, the lubricant 2 is difficult to spread to the tip portion of the drill bit 1, and the lubrication effect is reduced and burrs are easily generated in the workpiece W, which is not preferable. On the other hand, if the width of the groove 40 exceeds 0.30 mm, the strength of the surface on which the groove 40 of the drill bit 1 is formed may be reduced, and the surface may be damaged during processing, which may reduce the hole quality. This is not preferable.
- the concave portion is not limited to the substantially linear groove 40 formed substantially parallel to each cutting edge 10, and can adopt various planar shapes.
- a recess a substantially linear groove formed so as to have a predetermined angle (for example, about 30 °) with respect to each cutting edge 10, the width gradually increases as it goes radially outward from the center of rotation of the drill bit 1.
- Grooves configured to increase, grooves formed in a lattice shape, grooves formed in a corrugated shape, recesses having a planar shape of a substantially circular shape, a substantially elliptical shape, or a substantially polygonal shape may be employed.
- a recessed part can also be provided in the 3rd surface 30 as well as the 2nd surface 20 of the drill bit 1 (a recessed part may be provided in the 3rd surface 30 instead of providing in the 2nd surface 20).
- the drill bit 1 has at least one cutting edge 10, a surface (second surface 20 and third surface 30) located in the vicinity of each cutting blade 10, and a predetermined surface provided on this surface. It is only necessary to have a recess (for example, groove 40) having a planar shape, and other shapes and structures (the number of cutting edges 10, the tip angle of the drill bit 1, the twist angle of the groove, etc.) can be appropriately selected.
- the material of the drill bit 1 is preferably a cemented carbide made by sintering a hard metal carbide powder. Such a cemented carbide is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include metals obtained by mixing and sintering tungsten carbide and cobalt as a binder.
- the diameter of the drill bit 1 is preferably 1 mm ⁇ or more and 10 mm ⁇ or less, and more preferably 2 mm ⁇ or more and 7 mm ⁇ or less, which is often used for drilling of aircraft base materials.
- the hole forming method according to the present embodiment forms a hole by cutting a work part by drilling while bringing the cutting auxiliary lubricant 2 into contact with the work part of the drill bit 1 and / or the work material W.
- the drill bit 1 which concerns on this embodiment is used in this hole formation process.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing an aspect of the hole forming method of the present embodiment.
- the lubricant 2 is used in the hole forming process of the work material W (particularly difficult-to-cut material). Specifically, the lubricant 2 is disposed on a portion (entrance surface) to be the entrance of the drill bit 1 of the work material W, and the work material W is processed using the drill bit 1. Further, in the hole forming method of the present embodiment, the workpiece 2 is cut by drilling to form the hole while the lubricant 2 is in contact with the drill bit 1 and / or the workpiece W of the workpiece W.
- a surface in the vicinity of each cutting edge 10) is formed when a hole is formed by cutting the portion to be processed by drilling while the lubricant 2 is in contact with the portion to be processed of the workpiece W.
- the drill bit 1 provided with a recess (for example, groove 40) on the second surface 20) is used, the lubricating component of the lubricant 2 can be temporarily held by the recess of the drill bit 1. Accordingly, the lubricating component of the lubricant 2 can be easily spread on the tip of the drill bit 1 (the cutting edge 10, the second surface 20, the third surface 30 and the like), so that the lubricating effect of the lubricant 2 can be enhanced. it can.
- the work material W is a difficult-to-cut metal material
- the occurrence of burrs on the exit side of the drill bit 1 of the work material W can be suppressed, and the work material W is a fiber-reinforced composite material.
- chipping of the work material W and uncut fiber can be reduced, and high-quality holes can be formed.
- the lubrication effect by the lubricant 2 can be enhanced, the frictional resistance between the work material W and the surface of the drill bit 1 can be reduced, and the load on the drill bit 1 can be reduced. As a result, the life per one drill bit 1 can be extended and productivity can be improved.
- the hole forming method forms a hole by cutting a work part by drilling while bringing the cutting auxiliary lubricant 2 into contact with the work part of the drill bit 1 and / or the work material W. If it is the method to do, it will not specifically limit, You may have a contact process as needed.
- the contact step is a step of bringing the lubricant 2 into contact with the drill bit 1 before forming the hole.
- the method is not particularly limited.
- the lubricant 2 can be attached to the drill bit 1 before forming the hole by disposing the lubricant 2 on the entrance surface of the drill bit 1.
- the lubricant 2 can be adhered to the drill bit 1 by forming the hole while the lubricant 2 is in contact with the drill bit 1.
- the lubricant 2 can be attached to the drill bit 1 by applying the lubricant 2 to the drill bit 1 in advance.
- the lubricant 2 can be attached to the drill bit 1 by cutting and drilling the lubricant 2 with the drill bit 1 before forming the hole.
- the hole forming method of the present embodiment may include an adhesion process in which the lubricant 2 is adhered in advance to a processed portion of the material W to be processed.
- the contact portion of the lubricant 2 on the work material W may be a portion to be the entrance of the drill bit 1 or both a portion to be the exit of the drill bit 1 and a portion to be the entrance. .
- the load on the drill bit 1 can be reduced, and burrs, chips, or uncut fibers can be reduced around the hole.
- the “portion to be an exit” can be rephrased as a surface to be an exit when the portion is a surface.
- the “portion to be the entrance” can be rephrased as the surface to be the entrance.
- the method for bringing the work material W and the lubricant 2 into close contact with each other is not particularly limited.
- the method of physically fixing the lubricant 2 and the work material W with a clip or a jig The method of forming the layer (adhesion layer) of the compound which has adhesiveness on the lubricant 2 surface which touches a certain metal, etc. are mentioned.
- the method using the lubricant 2 with the adhesive layer formed is preferable because there is no need for fixing with a jig or the like.
- a layer of an adhesive compound used for fixing the work material W and the lubricant 2 is defined as an adhesive layer.
- the hole forming step is a step of forming a hole by cutting the work material W by drilling while bringing the lubricant 2 into contact with the work piece of the drill bit 1 and / or the work material W.
- the lubricant 2 in this manner, for example, when performing hole forming processing (particularly, continuous hole forming processing), the distance between the drill surface including the groove surface on the side surface of the drill bit 1 and the surface of the inner wall of the processed hole The lubricity of the drill bit 1 is increased, the material (carbon fiber or the like) cut by the cutting edge 10 of the drill bit 1 is facilitated, and the frequency and degree of abrasion between the cutting edge 10 of the drill bit 1 and the inner surface of the machining hole are reduced.
- the diameter of the hole formed in a hole formation process is not specifically limited, It is 3 mm or more.
- the diameter of a hole can be adjusted with the diameter of the drill bit 1 to be used.
- a general cutting technique can be used.
- cutting may be performed while cooling a part to be processed W and / or a drill bit 1 using a gas or liquid.
- a method of cooling the work portion of the work material W and / or the drill bit 1 using gas include a method of supplying compressed gas to the work portion of the work material W and / or the drill bit 1, There is a method of supplying gas from the surroundings to the processed portion of the work material W and / or the drill bit 1 by sucking the gas near the processed portion of the work material W and / or the drill bit 1.
- the cutting assisting lubricant 2 used in the hole forming method of the present embodiment is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include those containing a polymer material and an inorganic filler.
- a lubricant containing a polymer material such as a water-soluble or water-insoluble thermoplastic resin or a thermosetting resin, and an inorganic filler such as graphite, molybdenum disulfide, tungsten disulfide, or a molybdenum compound.
- Material 2 is preferable, and more specifically, a high molecular weight compound (A) having a weight average molecular weight of 5 ⁇ 10 4 or more and 1 ⁇ 10 6 or less, and a weight average molecular weight of 1 ⁇ 10 3 or more and 5 ⁇ 10 4.
- Lubricant 2 containing medium molecular weight compound (B) and carbon (C) which are less than the above is more preferable. By using such a lubricant 2, it is possible to further reduce the load on the drill bit 1 and to further reduce burrs, chips, or uncut fibers.
- the shape of the cutting auxiliary lubricant 2 is an aspect in which a hole can be formed by cutting a work portion by drilling while the lubricant 2 is in contact with the work portion of the drill bit 1 and / or the work material W. If it is, it will not specifically limit,
- the lubricant material 2 of a block state such as the sheet-like lubricant 2, the shape of a round bar, the shape of a square bar, the lubricant 2 of a molten state, etc. are mentioned. Among these, a sheet-like aspect is preferable.
- the cutting auxiliary lubricant 2 may be a single-layer body including a polymer material and an inorganic filler, and includes a layer including a polymer material and an inorganic filler, and another layer. It may be a body. Examples of the other layers include an adhesive layer for improving the adhesion between the lubricant 2 and the work material W, and a protective layer for preventing the surface of the lubricant 2 from being scratched.
- the structure of the cutting auxiliary lubricant 2 will be described.
- the high molecular weight compound (A) can function as a lubricant, improves the lubricity of the cutting assisting lubricant 2, and exhibits the effect of reducing chipping, burrs, or fiber breakage around the hole. obtain. Further, the high molecular weight compound (A) can function as a molding agent, improves the moldability of the lubricant 2, and forms a single layer (a sheet (sheet) by itself without using a supporting substrate). Can be effective).
- the high molecular weight compound (A) is not particularly limited as long as the weight average molecular weight is 5 ⁇ 10 4 or more and 1 ⁇ 10 6 or less, and examples thereof include water-soluble or water-insoluble thermoplastic resins or thermosetting resins. It is done. Among these, water-soluble thermoplastic resins and / or water-insoluble thermoplastic resins are preferable, and water-soluble thermoplastic resins are more preferable. Although it does not specifically limit as a water-soluble or water-insoluble thermoplastic resin, For example, the water-soluble resin and water-insoluble resin which are demonstrated below are mentioned.
- the “water-soluble resin” refers to a polymer compound that dissolves 1 g or more in 100 g of water at 25 ° C. and 1 atm.
- a high molecular weight compound (A) may be used individually by 1 type, or may use 2 or more types together.
- the water-soluble resin is not particularly limited.
- polyalkylene oxide compounds such as polyethylene oxide, polypropylene oxide, and polyethylene oxide-propylene oxide copolymers
- polyalkylene glycols such as polyethylene glycol and polypropylene glycol
- esters of polyalkylene glycol Compound ether compound of polyalkylene glycol; monostearate compound of polyalkylene glycol such as polyethylene glycol monostearate, polypropylene glycol monostearate, polyglycerin monostearate; water-soluble urethane; polyether-based water-soluble resin; water-soluble Polyester; Poly (meth) acrylic acid soda; Polyacrylamide; Polyvinylpyrrolidone; Polyvinyl alcohol ; And the modified polyamide; sugars such as cellulose and its derivatives.
- polyethylene oxide, polyethylene glycol, and polyether water-soluble resin are preferable from the above viewpoint.
- the surface hardness of the cutting auxiliary lubricating sheet tends to be higher than when the water-soluble resin is used. Therefore, for example, the biting property of the drill bit 1 at the time of drilling is improved, and a hole can be drilled at a designed position. Further, the rigidity of the cutting assisting lubricating sheet is improved, and the handling property is improved.
- water-insoluble resin For example, urethane type polymer; Acrylic polymer; Vinyl acetate type polymer; Vinyl chloride type polymer; Polyester type polymer; Polyethylene wax, Styrene homopolymer (GPPS ), Styrene-butadiene copolymer (HIPS), styrene- (meth) acrylic acid copolymer (for example, MS resin), and the like; and copolymers thereof.
- urethane type polymer Acrylic polymer
- Vinyl acetate type polymer Vinyl chloride type polymer
- Polyester type polymer Polyethylene wax, Styrene homopolymer (GPPS ), Styrene-butadiene copolymer (HIPS), styrene- (meth) acrylic acid copolymer (for example, MS resin), and the like; and copolymers thereof.
- GPPS Styrene homopolymer
- HIPS Styrene-butadiene copolymer
- the weight average molecular weight of the high molecular weight compound (A) is 5 ⁇ 10 4 or more, preferably 6 ⁇ 10 4 or more, more preferably 1 ⁇ 10 5 or more, and further preferably 1.25 ⁇ 10 5. That's it. Moreover, the weight average molecular weight of the high molecular weight compound (A) is 1 ⁇ 10 6 or less, preferably 8 ⁇ 10 5 or less, more preferably 7 ⁇ 10 5 or less, and further preferably 6 ⁇ 10 5. It is as follows. When the weight average molecular weight of the high molecular weight compound (A) is 5 ⁇ 10 4 or more, the moldability is further improved.
- lubricity improves more because the weight average molecular weight of a high molecular weight compound (A) is 1 * 10 ⁇ 6 > or less.
- each compound satisfy
- the weight average molecular weight can be measured by the method described in the examples (hereinafter the same).
- the high molecular weight compound (A) has a weight average molecular weight of 3 ⁇ 10 5 or more and 1 ⁇ 10 6 or less and / or a weight average molecular weight of 5 ⁇ 10 4 or more and 3 ⁇ 10 5.
- the high molecular weight compound (A-2) may be contained, and it is preferable that both the high molecular weight compound (A-1) and the high molecular weight compound (A-2) are contained.
- the weight average molecular weight of the high molecular weight compound (A-1) is 3 ⁇ 10 5 or more, preferably 4 ⁇ 10 5 or more, more preferably 4.5 ⁇ 10 5 or more, and further preferably 5 ⁇ . 10 5 or more.
- the weight average molecular weight of the high molecular weight compound (A-1) is 1 ⁇ 10 6 or less, preferably 8 ⁇ 10 5 or less, more preferably 7 ⁇ 10 5 or less, and further preferably 6 ⁇ . 10 5 or less.
- the content of the high molecular weight compound (A-1) in the cutting auxiliary lubricant 2 is preferably based on 100 parts by mass of the total of the high molecular weight compound (A), the medium molecular weight compound (B), and the carbon (C). Is 5 parts by mass or more, more preferably 10 parts by mass or more, and further preferably 15 parts by mass or more.
- the content of the high molecular weight compound (A-1) in the lubricant 2 is preferably based on 100 parts by mass of the total of the high molecular weight compound (A), the medium molecular weight compound (B), and the carbon (C). It is 35 parts by mass or less, more preferably 30 parts by mass or less, and further preferably 25 parts by mass or less.
- the content of the high molecular weight compound (A-1) is 5 parts by mass or more, moldability tends to be further improved. Further, when the content of the high molecular weight compound (A-1) is 35 parts by mass or less, the lubricity tends to be further improved.
- the weight average molecular weight of the high molecular weight compound (A-2) is 5 ⁇ 10 4 or more, preferably 6 ⁇ 10 4 or more, more preferably 1 ⁇ 10 5 or more, and further preferably 1.25 ⁇ . 10 5 or more. Further, the weight average molecular weight of the high molecular weight compound (A-2) is less than 3 ⁇ 10 5 , preferably 2.5 ⁇ 10 5 or less, and more preferably 2 ⁇ 10 5 or less.
- the content of the high molecular weight compound (A-2) in the cutting auxiliary lubricant 2 is preferably based on a total of 100 parts by mass of the high molecular weight compound (A), the medium molecular weight compound (B), and the carbon (C). Is 5 parts by mass or more, more preferably 10 parts by mass or more, and further preferably 15 parts by mass or more. Further, the content of the high molecular weight compound (A-2) in the lubricant 2 is preferably based on 100 parts by mass of the total of the high molecular weight compound (A), the medium molecular weight compound (B), and the carbon (C). It is 35 parts by mass or less, more preferably 30 parts by mass or less, and further preferably 25 parts by mass or less.
- the lubricity tends to be further improved. Further, when the content of the high molecular weight compound (A-2) is 35 parts by mass or less, the moldability tends to be further improved.
- the content of the high molecular weight compound (A) in the cutting auxiliary lubricant 2 is preferably 20 with respect to a total of 100 parts by mass of the high molecular weight compound (A), medium molecular weight compound (B), and carbon (C). It is at least part by mass, more preferably at least 25 parts by mass, and even more preferably at least 30 parts by mass.
- the content of the high molecular weight compound (A) in the lubricant 2 is preferably 60 masses with respect to a total of 100 mass parts of the high molecular weight compound (A), medium molecular weight compound (B), and carbon (C). Part or less, more preferably 55 parts by weight or less, and still more preferably 50 parts by weight or less.
- the lubricity tends to be further improved. Moreover, it exists in the tendency which a moldability improves more because content of a high molecular weight compound (A) is 60 mass parts or less.
- the load on the drill bit 1 is further reduced, and burrs, chips, or fiber uncuts that are formed around the processed hole are further reduced. It is in.
- the medium molecular weight compound (B) can function as a lubricant, improves the lubricity of the cutting auxiliary lubricant 2 and exhibits the effect of reducing chipping, burrs, or fiber breakage around the hole. obtain.
- the medium molecular weight compound (B) is not particularly limited as long as the weight average molecular weight is 1 ⁇ 10 3 or more and less than 5 ⁇ 10 4 , for example, a water-soluble or water-insoluble thermoplastic resin or thermosetting resin. Is mentioned. Among these, water-soluble or water-insoluble thermoplastic resins are preferable, and water-soluble thermoplastic resins are more preferable.
- water-soluble or water-insoluble thermoplastic resin a resin having the same weight as the water-soluble resin and water-insoluble resin and having a weight average molecular weight in the above range can be used.
- other medium molecular weight compounds (B) are not particularly limited.
- polyalkylene glycol compounds such as polyethylene glycol, polypropylene glycol, polytetramethylene glycol; polyethylene oxide oleyl ether, polyethylene oxide cetyl ether, polyethylene oxide stearyl
- Polyalkylene oxide monoether compounds such as ether, polyethylene oxide lauryl ether, polyethylene oxide nonylphenyl ether, polyethylene oxide octylphenyl ether
- polyalkylenes such as polyethylene oxide monostearate, polyethylene oxide sorbitan monostearate, polyglycerin monostearate Oxide monostearate compound
- poly Ji alkylene oxide, polypropylene oxide, polyethylene oxide - polyalkylene oxide compounds such as propylene oxide copolymers.
- polyethylene oxide monostearate is preferable.
- a medium molecular weight compound (B) may be used individually by 1 type, or may use 2 or more types together.
- the high molecular weight compound (A) and the medium molecular weight compound (B) having different molecular weights may have different melt viscosities and melting points.
- the cutting-assisting lubricant 2 has a significantly increased viscosity or a melting point.
- the moldability and lubricity of the lubricant 2 can be suppressed from being lowered due to the fact that the lubricant 2 is remarkably increased, and the lubricant 2 has an extremely low viscosity by using only the medium molecular weight compound (B).
- the weight average molecular weight of the medium molecular weight compound (B) is 1 ⁇ 10 3 or more, preferably 1.25 ⁇ 10 3 or more, more preferably 1.5 ⁇ 10 3 or more, and further preferably 2 ⁇ . 10 3 or more, more preferably 2.5 ⁇ 10 3 or more, and particularly preferably 3 ⁇ 10 3 or more. Further, the weight average molecular weight of the medium molecular weight compound (B) is less than 5 ⁇ 10 4 , preferably 2.5 ⁇ 10 4 or less, more preferably 2 ⁇ 10 4 or less, and further preferably 1 ⁇ . 10 4 or less, more preferably 7.5 ⁇ 10 3 or less, and particularly preferably 5 ⁇ 10 3 or less.
- the weight average molecular weight of the medium molecular weight compound (B) is 1 ⁇ 10 3 or more, the moldability is further improved. Moreover, lubricity improves more because the weight average molecular weight of a medium molecular weight compound (B) is less than 5 * 10 ⁇ 4 >.
- the content of the medium molecular weight compound (B) in the cutting auxiliary lubricant 2 is preferably 10 with respect to a total of 100 parts by mass of the high molecular weight compound (A), medium molecular weight compound (B), and carbon (C). It is at least part by mass, more preferably at least 20 parts by mass, and even more preferably at least 30 parts by mass. Further, the content of the medium molecular weight compound (B) in the lubricant 2 is preferably 75 masses with respect to a total of 100 mass parts of the high molecular weight compound (A), medium molecular weight compound (B), and carbon (C). Part or less, more preferably 60 parts by weight or less, still more preferably 45 parts by weight or less, and still more preferably 40 parts by weight or less.
- Carbon (C) can function as a solid lubricant, and can improve the lubricity of the cutting auxiliary lubricant 2 and extend the working life of the drill bit 1.
- carbon (C) exists in the solid state which has a volume in the temperature at the time of cutting, the lubricity at the time of cutting can be maintained.
- the carbon (C) is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include natural graphite, artificial graphite, activated carbon, acetylene black, carbon black, colloidal graphite, pyrolytic graphite, expanded graphite, and scale-like graphite. Among these, a scaly thing is preferable. When carbon (C) has scaly graphite, the wear reduction performance tends to be further improved. Carbon (C) may be used individually by 1 type, or 2 or more types may be mixed and used for it.
- carbon (C) adheres to the surface and grooves of the drill bit 1 and the inner surface of the processed hole of the work material, thereby providing lubricity. Indicates. At that time, carbon (C) has a smaller change in volume and hardness due to temperature change than the high molecular weight compound (A) and medium molecular weight compound (B). Even if the temperature of the processing location rises, a constant volume and hardness can be maintained. That is, carbon (C), for example, can be present between the drill bit 1 and the material to be processed to improve lubricity and exhibit a bearing-like effect when performing a cutting process. 1 has the effect of suppressing wear.
- carbon (C) has a moderately high hardness as compared with other solid lubricants, the bearing effect is excellent and the lubricity is excellent. As a result, there is a tendency that the load on the drill bit 1 is further reduced, and burrs, chips, or fiber uncuts around the processing hole are further reduced.
- the average particle diameter of carbon (C) is preferably 50 ⁇ m or more, more preferably 100 ⁇ m or more, still more preferably 150 ⁇ m or more, and particularly preferably 200 ⁇ m or more.
- the average particle diameter of carbon (C) is preferably 1000 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 750 ⁇ m or less, further preferably 500 ⁇ m or less, and particularly preferably 300 ⁇ m or less.
- lubricity and formability are further improved. As a result, the load on the drill bit 1 is further reduced, the drill life is extended, and the area around the drilled hole can be increased. There is a tendency that burrs, chips or uncut fibers are further reduced.
- each average particle diameter should just satisfy the said range.
- the average particle diameter of carbon refers to the median diameter.
- the median diameter refers to the particle diameter (D50 value) obtained from the cumulative distribution curve (number basis) of the particle diameter and having a height of 50% on the curve, and is measured by the method described in the examples. Can do.
- the content of carbon (C) in the cutting auxiliary lubricant 2 is preferably 5 parts by mass with respect to a total of 100 parts by mass of the high molecular weight compound (A), medium molecular weight compound (B), and carbon (C). It is above, More preferably, it is 15 mass parts or more, More preferably, it is 20 mass parts or more, More preferably, it is 25 mass parts or more, Most preferably, it is 30 mass parts or more.
- the content of carbon (C) in the lubricant 2 is preferably 70 parts by mass or less with respect to a total of 100 parts by mass of the high molecular weight compound (A), medium molecular weight compound (B), and carbon (C).
- the cutting auxiliary lubricant 2 may include other components as necessary.
- lubricity improving component improves the degree of lubricity of a wide range of additives.
- plasticizer softener
- surface conditioner leveling agent
- antistatic agent antistatic agent
- emulsifier antifoaming agent
- wax additive wax additive
- coupling agent rheology control agent.
- an amide type compound illustrated by ethylene bis stearamide, oleic acid amide, stearic acid amide, a methylene bis stearamide, etc . Lauric acid, stearic acid, palmitic acid , Fatty acid compounds exemplified by oleic acid, etc .; fatty acid ester compounds exemplified by butyl stearate, butyl oleate, glycol laurate, etc .; aliphatic hydrocarbon compounds exemplified by liquid paraffin, etc .; oleyl alcohol
- At least 1 sort (s) can be selected among these.
- the formability-improving component is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include an epoxy resin, a phenol resin, a cyanate resin, a melamine resin, a urea resin, and a thermosetting polyimide resin that are thermosetting resins, and at least one of these is used. You can choose.
- the plasticizer and the softening agent when the cutting auxiliary lubricant 2 is disposed on the curved surface of the work material W (for example, CFRP), for example, stress and strain on the lubricant 2 are reduced, The crack of the lubricant 2 can be suppressed, and the curved surface followability tends to be further improved.
- a plasticizer and a softening agent For example, a phthalic acid ester, an adipic acid ester, a trimet acid ester, polyester, phosphoric acid ester, a citric acid ester, an epoxidized vegetable oil, a sebacic acid ester etc. are mentioned.
- the solid lubricant other than carbon (C) is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include molybdenum disulfide, tungsten disulfide, molybdenum compounds, polytetrafluoroethylene, and polyimide.
- the cutting auxiliary lubricant 2 may have an adhesive layer on the surface in contact with the workpiece material W. By having the adhesive layer, the adhesion between the lubricant 2 and the work material W tends to be further improved.
- the constituent component of the adhesive layer is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include a thermoplastic resin and / or a thermosetting resin.
- the thermoplastic resin is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include urethane polymers, acrylic polymers, vinyl acetate polymers, vinyl chloride polymers, polyester polymers, and copolymers thereof.
- the thermosetting resin is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include resins such as phenol resin, epoxy resin, melamine resin, urea resin, unsaturated polyester resin, alkyd resin, polyurethane, thermosetting polyimide, and cyanate resin.
- acrylic polymer is preferred because there is no adhesive residue on the workpiece (for example, CFRP) and it can be easily adhered at room temperature. Therefore, an acrylic polymer is preferred, and a solvent-type acrylic adhesive and acrylic emulsion.
- a mold pressure-sensitive adhesive (aqueous) is more preferable.
- the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer may contain other components such as an antioxidant and an inorganic filler such as calcium carbonate, talc, and silica as necessary.
- the amount of the lubricant 2 and / or the adhesive layer component adhering to the work material W is determined by the contact between the work material W and the lubricant 2.
- it is 1.0 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 8 g or less, more preferably 5.0 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 9 g or less per 1 mm 2 area of the part and the processed part.
- the minimum of the quantity of the component of the lubricant 2 and / or adhesion layer which adheres to the workpiece material W is not specifically limited, 0 is preferable.
- the thickness of the auxiliary cutting lubricant 2 excluding the adhesive layer is determined by the cutting method, cutting method, area and volume of the portion to be processed, and the drill bit 1 used for hole forming processing. It is not particularly limited because it is appropriately selected depending on the diameter, the configuration of CFRP, the thickness, and the like.
- the thickness of the lubricant 2 is preferably 0.1 mm or more, more preferably 0.2 mm or more, and further preferably 0.5 mm or more. Further, the thickness of the lubricant 2 is preferably 20 mm or less, more preferably 10 mm or less, and further preferably 5 mm or less.
- the thickness of the lubricant 2 is 0.1 mm or more, a sufficient cutting stress reduction can be obtained. For example, when drilling, the load on the drill bit 1 is reduced and breakage of the drill bit 1 is further suppressed. It tends to be possible. Moreover, when drilling is performed because the thickness of the lubricant 2 is 20 mm or less, the winding of the lubricant 2 around the drill bit 1 is reduced, and the occurrence of cracks in the lubricant 2 tends to be further suppressed.
- the resin contained in the cutting auxiliary lubricant 2 can be suppressed from becoming a binder for cutting powder, and the tendency for cutting powder to remain in the processing hole can be reduced. Thereby, it exists in the tendency which can suppress that the unevenness
- the lubricity can be improved by optimizing the composition and thickness of the lubricant 2. For example, when drilling is performed, the discharge of cutting powder through the groove on the side surface of the drill bit 1 is optimized. it can. In order to further obtain the effects of the present invention, it is preferable to appropriately control the total thickness of the lubricant 2 within the above-described range, and a plurality of thin lubricants 2 can be used in an overlapping manner. .
- the thickness of the adhesive layer is not particularly limited, and is preferably 0.01 mm or more, and more preferably 0.05 mm or more. Further, the thickness of the auxiliary machining lubricant 2 is preferably 5 mm or less, more preferably 2.5 mm or less.
- each layer constituting the cutting auxiliary lubricant 2 is measured as follows. First, the lubricant 2 is cut in a direction perpendicular to the lubricant 2 using a cross section polisher (CROSS-SECTION POLISTER SM-09010 manufactured by JEOL Datum Co., Ltd.) or an ultramicrotome (EM UC7 manufactured by Leica). Next, using a SEM (Scanning Electron Microscope, Scanning Electron Microscope, VE-7800 manufactured by KEYENCE Inc.), the cut surface is observed from a direction perpendicular to the cut surface, and the thickness of each layer constituting the lubricant 2 is determined. taking measurement.
- a cross section polisher CROSS-SECTION POLISTER SM-09010 manufactured by JEOL Datum Co., Ltd.
- EM UC7 manufactured by Leica
- the manufacturing method of the auxiliary machining lubricant 2 is not particularly limited, and a resin composition containing a resin such as a polymer material and a filler (for example, an inorganic filler) is used for a sheet or a round bar.
- a resin composition containing a resin such as a polymer material and a filler for example, an inorganic filler
- a conventionally known method of forming a block state such as a shape or a square bar shape can be widely used.
- a high molecular weight compound (A), a medium molecular weight compound (B), and carbon (C) are mixed in the presence or absence of a solvent, and applied to a support, cooled, and solidified to form a sheet. Thereafter, the support is removed and the lubricant 2 is obtained by peeling, and the high molecular weight compound (A), the medium molecular weight compound (B), and the carbon (C) are mixed in the presence or absence of a solvent. And a method of obtaining the lubricant 2 by extruding the sheet into a sheet shape and stretching it as necessary.
- the method for producing the laminated body is not particularly limited, but is prepared in advance, for example. Examples include a method in which another layer is directly formed on at least one side of the obtained layer, and a method in which a layer prepared in advance and another layer are bonded together by an adhesive resin or a laminating method using heat.
- the method for forming the adhesive layer on the surface of the cutting auxiliary lubricant 2 is not particularly limited as long as it is a known method used industrially. Specifically, a method of forming an adhesive layer by a roll method, a curtain coating method, a spray jet method, etc., a method of forming an adhesive layer of a desired thickness in advance using a roll, a T-die extruder, etc. Is exemplified.
- the thickness of the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer is not particularly limited, and an optimum thickness can be appropriately selected depending on the curvature of the work material W and the configuration of the lubricant 2.
- a resin composition obtained by mixing a resin and a filler is used as the lubricant 2, or a resin, a filler, and a solvent are mixed.
- the method of using the resin composition obtained by this as the lubricant 2 is mentioned.
- the work material W include hard-to-cut metal materials, fiber-reinforced composite materials, composite materials in which fiber-reinforced composite materials and hard-to-cut metal materials are in close contact, and the like.
- the hard-to-cut metal material is not particularly limited as long as it is a metal generally used as a structural material, and examples thereof include a titanium alloy, an aluminum alloy, a magnesium alloy, a low alloy steel, a stainless steel, and a heat resistant alloy.
- a titanium alloy is preferable, and among the titanium alloys, Ti-6Al-4V having higher strength made of titanium, aluminum, and vanadium is particularly preferable.
- Titanium alloy is twice as strong as aluminum alloy and has excellent corrosion resistance and heat resistance.
- the “difficult-to-cut metal material” refers to a material having a Vickers hardness of 100 or more.
- the Vickers hardness can be measured by JIS Z 2244: 2009 “Vickers hardness test-test method”.
- the work material W is a fiber reinforced composite material in which fibers are densely present
- the cutting amount of the fiber is large and the cutting edge 10 of the drill bit 1 tends to be worn.
- wear of the cutting edge 10 of the drill bit 1 can be reduced.
- carbon fiber reinforced plastic with drill bit 1 with advanced wear since the carbon fiber is cut in a state where it is pushed out, delamination between laminated prepregs is likely to occur, resulting in drilling.
- the uncut portions of the carbon fibers are more likely to occur on the exit side through which the bit 1 passes.
- the lubricant 2 it is possible to further suppress uncut fibers.
- the fiber reinforced composite material is a UD material
- the cutting edge 10 of the drill bit 1 enters the carbon fiber bundle at an angle that penetrates, a fiber buckling portion is likely to occur on the inner wall of the hole.
- the use of the cutting auxiliary lubricant 2 suppresses fiber buckling and further suppresses temperature rise due to frictional heat, so that the matrix resin hardly reaches the glass transition point (temperature) or softening point.
- the “UD material” is a material using a cloth material in which fibers are aligned in only one direction in a fiber reinforced composite material.
- the fiber reinforced composite material is not particularly limited as long as it is a composite material composed of a matrix resin and reinforcing fibers.
- the matrix resin is not particularly limited.
- thermosetting resins such as epoxy resins, phenol resins, cyanate resins, vinyl ester resins, unsaturated polyester resins; ABS (acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene) resins, PA (polyamide)
- thermoplastic resins such as resin, PP (polypropylene) resin, PC (polycarbonate) resin, methyl methacrylate resin, polyethylene, acrylic resin, and polyester resin.
- the reinforcing fiber is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include glass fiber, carbon fiber, and aramid fiber.
- the form of the reinforcing fiber is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include filament, tow, cloth, blade, chop, milled fiber, felt mat, paper, and prepreg.
- a fiber reinforced composite material are not particularly limited.
- fiber reinforced plastic (FRP) such as carbon fiber reinforced plastic (CFRP), glass fiber reinforced plastic (GFRP), and aramid fiber reinforced plastic (AFRP).
- CFRP carbon fiber reinforced plastic
- GFRP glass fiber reinforced plastic
- AFRP aramid fiber reinforced plastic
- CFRP carbon fiber reinforced plastic
- the fiber reinforced composite material may contain an inorganic filler, an organic filler, etc. as needed.
- the drill bit 1 is cut in order in which the drill bit 1 penetrates the work material W. It is considered that the fiber reinforced composite material is processed and the fiber reinforced composite material is cut, or conversely, the fiber reinforced composite material is cut and the difficult-to-cut metal material is cut. For example, when cutting a difficult-to-cut metal material first, wear of the drill bit 1 can already proceed before cutting the fiber-reinforced composite material.
- the composite material of the fiber reinforced composite material and the difficult-to-cut metal material is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include a material in which the fiber reinforced composite material and the difficult-to-cut metal material are combined by lamination.
- the optimum cutting conditions for fiber-reinforced composites and difficult-to-cut metal materials are usually very different. Fiber-reinforced composites are suitable for high-speed rotation and low-speed feed. The amount is suitable. This is because, in a difficult-to-cut metal material, for example, when drilling is performed, the temperature rise of the drill bit 1 is suppressed and wear of the cutting edge 10 of the drill bit 1 is suppressed.
- the drilling conditions are changed at the boundary between the CFRP and the titanium alloy, or the drilling process is performed under the same conditions with an intermediate hole in contrast to the opposite drilling conditions.
- dust is collected by a dust collector while injecting cutting oil or blowing cold air at the time of drilling a titanium alloy for aircraft use.
- the use of the cutting auxiliary lubricant 2 has a secondary effect that can greatly relax the restrictions on the drilling conditions for difficult-to-cut metal materials that easily generate heat due to frictional heat.
- the thickness of the work material W is not particularly limited, but can be 1.0 mm or more. Although the upper limit of the thickness of the workpiece material W is not specifically limited, For example, 40 mm or less is preferable. When the hole forming method according to the present invention is adopted, even if the thickness of the work material W is 1.0 mm or more, the wear of the drill bit 1 and the quality of the cutting portion (for example, drilled hole) are better. Tend to be.
- Table 1 shows the work material W (hole-formed material) used in each example and each comparative example, each component used for manufacturing the cutting auxiliary lubricant 2, the adhesive layer, and the drill bit used for hole-forming processing. 1. The specifications of the hole forming machine, the apparatus used for evaluation, etc. are shown.
- the weight average molecular weight of the high molecular weight compound (A) and the medium molecular weight compound (B) was determined by dissolving and dispersing the high molecular weight compound (A) and the medium molecular weight compound (B) in 0.05% saline. Using a liquid chromatography equipped with a Gel Permeation Chromatography) column, polyethylene glycol was measured as a standard substance and calculated as a relative average molecular weight.
- the median diameter of carbon (C) is determined by dispersing the carbon in a solution consisting of a hexametaphosphoric acid solution and a few drops of Triton, and using a laser diffraction particle size distribution measuring device, the maximum length of each projected carbon particle is determined. taking measurement. Then, a cumulative distribution curve (number basis) of the particle diameter is calculated. The particle diameter at a height of 50% in the cumulative distribution curve (number basis) was defined as the median diameter.
- Example 1 the Vickers hardness of the titanium alloy plate (Ti-6Al-4V) which is the work material W was 320.
- a wire electric discharge machine (AQ327L, manufactured by Sodick) is used at the tip of a cemented carbide drill (RG-GDN, manufactured by OSG Corporation), and a 0.2 mm ⁇ wire Was used to form a straight groove 40 parallel to the cutting edge 10 on the second surface 20 of the tip end of the drill bit to produce a drill bit d-1 (see Table 2).
- the distance of the groove 40 from the cutting edge 10 was 363 ⁇ m
- the average width of the groove 40 was 263 ⁇ m
- the maximum depth of the groove 40 was 81 ⁇ m.
- the tip of the drill bit 1 after grooving was measured using a V-LASER microscope (VK-9700, manufactured by Keyence Corporation). Was measured using the analysis software from the captured data.
- Example 1 as the high molecular weight compound (A), 7 parts by mass of polyethylene oxide (Alcox E-45, manufactured by Meisei Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.), polyethylene oxide (Altop MG-150, Meisei Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.) 13 parts by mass, polyethylene oxide (Alcox R-150, Meisei Chemical Co., Ltd.) 7 parts by mass, and medium molecular weight compound (B) as polyethylene oxide monostearate (Nonion S-40, manufactured by NOF Corporation) )
- a polyester resin layer (Vylonal MD-1200, manufactured by Toyobo Co., Ltd.) having a thickness of 0.01 mm as an adhesive layer is formed on one surface of an aluminum foil (1N30-H18, manufactured by Mitsubishi Aluminum Co., Ltd.) having a thickness of 0.15 mm.
- the formed adhesive layer-formed aluminum foil was prepared.
- the adhesive layer-formed aluminum foil is laminated so that the adhesive layer is in contact with the resin sheet, and further, the adhesive layer-formed aluminum foil is laminated on the resin sheet so that the adhesive layer is in contact with the resin sheet.
- -2400 manufactured by ONC Co., Ltd.
- a sheet of auxiliary lubricant 2 (cutting auxiliary lubricant sheet) was produced.
- FIG. 4 is a photograph of the tip of the drill bit 1 used in Examples 1 to 4.
- Comparative Example 1 In Comparative Example 1, a drill bit in which no groove was formed at the tip was used.
- FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of the tip of the drill bit used in Comparative Example 1.
- Drill bit exit hole burr height, drill bit temperature during cutting In Examples 1 to 4 and Comparative Example 1, the drill bit exit side of the processed through hole was photographed using a V-LASER microscope (VK-9700, manufactured by Keyence Corporation).
- the height of burrs was measured at eight locations, and the average value was defined as the burrs height (in this example and comparative examples, the burrs at the fifth hole were measured).
- the temperature of the drill bit during cutting was measured using an infrared radiation thermometer (InfReC Thermo GEAR G120EX, manufactured by NEC Avio Infrared Technology Co., Ltd.). The sampling period was 10 fps, and the measurement was performed from the direction of 45 ° with respect to the hole penetration direction from the lower surface of the test piece immediately before the drill bit penetrated.
- the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and those in which those skilled in the art appropriately modify the design are included in the scope of the present invention as long as they have the features of the present invention. .
- each element included in the embodiment and its arrangement, material, condition, shape, size, and the like are not limited to those illustrated, and can be appropriately changed.
- each element with which the said embodiment is provided can be combined as much as technically possible, and the combination of these is also included in the scope of the present invention as long as it includes the features of the present invention.
- the drill bit and the hole forming method according to the present invention have industrial applicability in terms of cutting the work material (particularly difficult-to-cut material) to improve the processing quality and reduce the processing cost.
Abstract
Description
[1]
切削加工補助潤滑材を被加工材料の被加工部分に接触させながらドリル加工により前記被加工部分を切削して孔を形成する際に使用されるドリルビットであって、
少なくとも一つの切れ刃と、
前記切れ刃の近傍に位置する面と、を備え、
前記面に、所定の平面形状を呈する凹部が設けられている、ドリルビット。
[2]
前記面が、前記切れ刃に隣接する2番面を有し、
前記凹部が、前記2番面に設けられている、[1]に記載のドリルビット。
[3]
前記面が、前記切れ刃に隣接する2番面と、前記2番面に隣接する3番面と、を有し、
前記凹部が、前記3番面に設けられている、[1]又は[2]に記載のドリルビット。
[4]
前記凹部が、前記切れ刃に対して略平行に形成された略直線状の溝である、[1]から[3]の何れか一項に記載のドリルビット。
[5]
前記切れ刃と前記溝との間の寸法が、0.25mm以上0.43mm以下に設定されている、[4]に記載のドリルビット。
[6]
前記溝の幅の平均値が、0.23mm以上0.30mm以下に設定されている、[4]又は[5]に記載のドリルビット。
[7]
前記凹部の最大深さが、0.05mm以上0.15mm以下に設定されている、[1]~[6]の何れか一項に記載のドリルビット。
[8]
切削加工補助潤滑材を、ドリルビット及び被加工材料の被加工部分の少なくとも何れか一方に接触させながら、ドリル加工により前記被加工部分を切削して孔を形成する孔形成工程を含み、
前記孔形成工程において、[1]~[7]の何れか一項に記載のドリルビットを使用する、
孔形成方法。
[9]
前記切削加工補助潤滑材が、シート状に形成されている、[8]に記載の孔形成方法。
[10]
前記被加工材料の厚みが、1.0mm以上であり、
前記孔形成工程によって形成される孔の直径が、3.0mm以上である、[8]又は[9]に記載の孔形成方法。
[11]
前記被加工材料が、難削金属材である、[8]~[10]の何れか一項に記載の孔形成方法。
[12]
前記被加工材料が、繊維強化複合材である、[8]~[10]の何れか一項に記載の孔形成方法。
[13]
前記被加工材料が、難削金属材と繊維強化複合材とが密着した材料である、[8]~[10]の何れか一項に記載の孔形成方法。
[14]
前記難削金属材が、チタン合金、アルミニウム合金、マグネシウム合金、低合金鋼、ステンレス鋼及び耐熱合金からなる群より選ばれる何れか一つである、[11]又は[13]に記載の孔形成方法。
[15]
前記難削金属材が、Ti-6Al―4Vのチタン合金である、[11]又は[13]に記載の孔形成方法。
<ドリルビット>
まず、図1~図3を用いて、本発明の実施形態に係るドリルビット1の構成について説明する。本実施形態に係るドリルビット1は、図2に示すように、切削加工補助潤滑材(以下、「潤滑材」と称することがある)2を被加工材料Wの被加工部分に接触させながらドリル加工により被加工部分を切削して孔を形成する際に使用されるものである。ドリルビット1の先端部には、図1に示すように、一対の切れ刃10と、各切れ刃10の近傍に位置する面(切れ刃10に隣接する2番面20及び2番面20に隣接する3番面30)と、が設けられている。なお、本実施形態においては2つの切れ刃10を採用した例を示したが、切れ刃10は少なくとも一つ設けられていればよく、3つ以上設けられていてもよい。また、本実施形態においては、2番面20に隣接する3番面30を設けた例を示したが、3番面30を設けなくてもよい。なお、本発明において「2番面」とは、切れ刃のすぐ隣に配置されて切れ刃に接する面を意味しており、いわゆる「2番取り面」(切削中の摩擦を避ける目的でドリルの外周と被加工部分との間に間隙を形成するために、ドリルのランド部にマージン幅を残して形成される面)とは異なるものである。
<孔形成方法>
次に、本実施形態に係るドリルビット1を用いた孔形成方法について説明する。
〔接触工程〕
本実施形態に係る孔形成方法は、切削加工補助潤滑材2を、ドリルビット1及び/又は被加工材料Wの被加工部分に接触させながら、ドリル加工により被加工部分を切削して孔を形成する方法であれば特に限定されず、必要に応じて、接触工程を有していてもよい。接触工程は、孔形成前に、潤滑材2を、ドリルビット1に接触させる工程である。その方法は特に限定されない。例えば、潤滑材2をドリルビット1の進入面に配置することで、孔形成前に、潤滑材2をドリルビット1に付着させることができる。また、潤滑材2をドリルビット1に接触させながら孔形成をすることで、潤滑材2をドリルビット1に付着させることができる。また、予め、潤滑材2をドリルビット1に塗布することで、潤滑材2をドリルビット1に付着させることができる。さらには、孔形成前に、ドリルビット1で潤滑材2を切断、孔あけ加工することで、潤滑材2をドリルビット1に付着させることができる。
〔密着工程〕
また、本実施形態の孔形成方法は、被加工材料Wの被加工部分に予め潤滑材2を密着させる密着工程を有してもよい。被加工材料W上の潤滑材2の密着箇所は、ドリルビット1の入口となるべき部分であっても、ドリルビット1の出口となるべき部分及び入口となるべき部分の両方であってもよい。これにより、上述したようにドリルビット1への負荷を低減させることができ、孔周辺にできるバリ、欠け、又は繊維の切れ残りを低減させることができる。なお、「出口となるべき部分」とは、当該部分が面である場合には、出口となるべき面とも言い換えることができる。これに対応して、「入口となるべき部分」とは、入口となるべき面とも言い換えることができる。
〔孔形成工程〕
孔形成工程は、潤滑材2を、ドリルビット1及び/又は被加工材料Wの被加工部分に接触させながら、ドリル加工により被加工材料Wを切削して孔を形成する工程である。このように潤滑材2を用いることで、例えば、孔形成加工(特に、連続した孔形成加工)を行う場合、ドリルビット1の側面の溝表面を含めたドリル表面と加工孔内壁表面との間の潤滑性が高まり、ドリルビット1の切れ刃10が切削した材料(炭素繊維等)の排出を容易化して、ドリルビット1の切れ刃10と加工孔内壁表面との擦過頻度と度合いを軽減するので、ドリルビット1の切れ刃10の摩耗が低減されると考えられる。孔形成工程において形成される孔の直径は、特に限定されるものではなく、3mm以上である。なお、孔の直径は、用いるドリルビット1の径により調整することができる。
〔切削加工補助潤滑材〕
本実施形態の孔形成方法において用いられる切削加工補助潤滑材2は、特に限定されないが、例えば、高分子材料と無機充填材とを含むものが挙げられる。具体的には、水溶性又は非水溶性の熱可塑性樹脂又は熱硬化性樹脂などの高分子材料と、黒鉛、二硫化モリブデン、二硫化タングステン、モリブデン化合物などの無機充填材と、を含有する潤滑材2が好ましく、より具体的には、重量平均分子量が5×104以上、1×106以下である高分子量化合物(A)と、重量平均分子量が1×103以上、5×104未満である中分子量化合物(B)と、カーボン(C)と、を含有する潤滑材2がより好ましい。このような潤滑材2を用いることにより、ドリルビット1への負荷をより低減させることができ、孔周辺にできるバリ、欠け、又は繊維の切れ残りをより低減させることができる傾向にある。
(高分子量化合物(A))
高分子量化合物(A)は潤滑剤として機能することができ、切削加工補助潤滑材2の潤滑性を向上させ、孔周辺にできる欠け、バリ、又は繊維の切れ残りを低減するという効果を発揮し得る。さらに、高分子量化合物(A)は成形剤として機能することができ、潤滑材2の成形性を向上させ、単層形成性(支持基材を用いることなく、それ自体で層(シート)を形成することが出来ること)という効果を発揮し得る。高分子量化合物(A)としては、重量平均分子量が5×104以上、1×106以下であれば、特に限定されず、水溶性若しくは非水溶性の熱可塑性樹脂又は熱硬化性樹脂が挙げられる。このなかでも、水溶性熱可塑性樹脂及び/又は非水溶性熱可塑性樹脂が好ましく、水溶性熱可塑性樹脂がより好ましい。水溶性又は非水溶性の熱可塑性樹脂としては、特に限定されないが、例えば、以下で説明する水溶性樹脂及び非水溶性樹脂が挙げられる。なお、「水溶性樹脂」とは、25℃、1気圧において、水100gに対し、1g以上溶解する高分子化合物をいう。高分子量化合物(A)は、1種単独で用いても、2種以上を併用してもよい。
(中分子量化合物(B))
中分子量化合物(B)は潤滑剤として機能することができ、切削加工補助潤滑材2の潤滑性を向上させ、加工孔周辺にできる欠け、バリ、又は繊維の切れ残りを低減という効果を発揮し得る。中分子量化合物(B)としては、重量平均分子量が1×103以上、5×104未満であれば、特に限定されないが、例えば、水溶性又は非水溶性の熱可塑性樹脂又は熱硬化性樹脂が挙げられる。このなかでも、水溶性又は非水溶性の熱可塑性樹脂が好ましく、水溶性の熱可塑性樹脂がより好ましい。
(カーボン(C))
カーボン(C)は固体潤滑剤として機能することができ、切削加工補助潤滑材2の潤滑性を向上させ、ドリルビット1の加工寿命を延ばす効果を発揮し得る。さらに、カーボン(C)は切削加工時の温度において、体積を有する固体状で存在するため、切削加工時の潤滑性を維持できる。カーボン(C)としては、特に限定されないが、例えば、天然黒鉛、人造黒鉛、活性炭、アセチレンブラック、カーボンブラック、コロイド黒鉛、熱分解黒鉛、膨張化黒鉛、鱗辺状黒鉛が挙げられる。この中でも、鱗片状のものが好ましい。カーボン(C)が鱗片状黒鉛を有することにより、摩耗低減性能がより向上する傾向にある。カーボン(C)は1種を単独で用いても、2種以上を混合して用いてもよい。
(その他の成分)
切削加工補助潤滑材2は、必要に応じて、その他の成分を含んでもよい。その他の成分としては、潤滑性向上成分、形成性向上成分、可塑剤、柔軟剤、表面調整剤、レベリング剤、帯電防止剤、乳化剤、消泡剤、ワックス添加剤、カップリング剤、レオロジーコントロール剤、防腐剤、防黴剤、酸化防止剤、光安定剤、核剤、有機フィラー、無機フィラー、固体潤滑剤、熱安定化剤、着色剤などが挙げられる。
切削加工補助潤滑材2は、被加工材料Wと接する面に、粘着層を有していてもよい。粘着層を有することにより、潤滑材2と被加工材料Wの密着性がより向上する傾向にある。
(厚さ)
粘着層を除く切削加工補助潤滑材2の厚さは、被加工材料Wの切削加工の際の切削方法、切断方法、加工する部分の面積や体積、孔形成加工する際に使用するドリルビット1の径、CFRPの構成、厚さなどによって適宜選択されるので、特に限定されない。このなかでも、潤滑材2の厚さは、好ましくは0.1mm以上であり、より好ましくは0.2mm以上であり、さらに好ましくは0.5mm以上である。また、潤滑材2の厚さは、好ましくは20mm以下であり、より好ましくは10mm以下であり、さらに好ましくは5mm以下である。潤滑材2の厚さが0.1mm以上であることにより、十分な切削応力低減が得られ、例えば、ドリル加工を行う場合、ドリルビット1への負荷が小さくなりドリルビット1の折損をより抑制できる傾向にある。また、潤滑材2の厚さが20mm以下であることにより、ドリル加工を行う場合、ドリルビット1への潤滑材2の巻き付きが減少し、潤滑材2における亀裂発生をより抑制できる傾向にある。
〔切削加工補助潤滑材の製造方法〕
切削加工補助潤滑材2の製造方法としては、特に制限されるものではなく、高分子材料などの樹脂と充填材(例えば、無機充填材)とを含む樹脂組成物を、シートや、丸棒の形状や角棒の形状などのブロック状態に成形する従来公知の方法を広く利用することができる。例えば、高分子量化合物(A)、中分子量化合物(B)、及びカーボン(C)を、溶媒の存在下又は溶媒の非存在下で混合し、支持体に塗布、冷却、固化させてシートを形成し、その後、支持体を除去、剥離して潤滑材2を得る方法、高分子量化合物(A)、中分子量化合物(B)、及びカーボン(C)を、溶媒存在下又は溶媒非存在下で混合し、シートの形状に押出成形して、必要に応じて延伸することにより潤滑材2を得る方法などが挙げられる。
〔被加工材料〕
被加工材料Wとしては、難削金属材、繊維強化複合材、繊維強化複合材と難削金属材とが密着した複合材料、等が挙げられる。
〔実施例1〕
実施例1においては、ドリルビット1として、超硬合金ドリル(RG-GDN、オーエスジー株式会社製)の先端部に、ワイヤ放電加工機(AQ327L、Sodick製)を使用して、0.2mmΦのワイヤを用いて、ドリルビット先端部の2番面20に、切れ刃10に対して平行な直線状の溝40を形成し、ドリルビットd-1を作製した(表2参照)。この時、溝40の切れ刃10からの距離が363μm、溝40の幅の平均値が263μm、溝40の最大深さが81μmであった。ドリルビット先端部に形成した溝40の切れ刃10からの距離、幅、深さについては、溝加工後のドリルビット1の先端部を、V-LASER顕微鏡(VK-9700、株式会社キーエンス製)を用いて撮影し、撮影したデータから、解析ソフトを用いて計測した。
〔実施例2~4〕
実施例2~4においては、実施例1と同様の方法で、ドリルビット1の先端部に表2に示す形状の溝40を形成し、ドリルビットd-2~d-4を作製した。また、実施例1と同様にして作製した切削加工補助潤滑シートを、被加工材料Wのドリルビット1の進入面に治具を用いて固定し、表3に示す条件で孔あけ加工を行った。ドリルビット1の出口側における加工孔周辺のバリと、切削加工時のドリルビット1の温度と、について評価した結果を表3に示した。図4は、実施例1~4で使用したドリルビット1の先端部の写真である。
〔比較例1〕
比較例1においては、先端部に溝を形成していないドリルビットを使用した。そして、実施例1と同様にして作製した切削加工補助潤滑シートを、被加工材料Wのドリルビット進入面に治具を用いて固定し、表3に示す条件で孔あけ加工を行った。ドリルビットの出口側における加工孔周辺のバリと、切削加工時のドリルビットの温度と、について評価した結果を表3に示した。図5は、比較例1で使用したドリルビットの先端部の拡大図である。
〔評価:ドリルビット出口側加工孔のバリの高さ、切削加工時のドリルビットの温度〕
実施例1~4及び比較例1において、加工後の貫通孔のドリルビット出口側を、V-LASER顕微鏡(VK-9700、株式会社キーエンス製)を用いて撮影し、撮影したデータから、解析ソフトを用いてドリルビット出口側における加工孔のバリの高さを計測した。この時、8箇所でバリの高さを測定し、その平均値をバリ高さとした(なお、本実施例及び比較例においては、5孔目のバリを測定した)。また、実施例1~4及び比較例1において、切削加工時のドリルビットの温度を、赤外線放射温度計(InfReC Themo GEAR G120EX、NEC Avio赤外線テクノロジー株式会社製)を用いて測定した。サンプリング周期は10 fpsとし、ドリルビットが貫通する直前の試験片下面から、孔の貫通方向に対して45°の方向から測定した。
1…ドリルビット
2…切削加工補助潤滑材
10…切れ刃
20…2番面
30…3番面
40…溝(凹部)
W…被加工材料
Claims (15)
- 切削加工補助潤滑材を被加工材料の被加工部分に接触させながらドリル加工により前記被加工部分を切削して孔を形成する際に使用されるドリルビットであって、
少なくとも一つの切れ刃と、
前記切れ刃の近傍に位置する面と、を備え、
前記面に、所定の平面形状を呈する凹部が設けられている、ドリルビット。 - 前記面が、前記切れ刃に隣接する2番面を有し、
前記凹部が、前記2番面に設けられている、請求項1に記載のドリルビット。 - 前記面が、前記切れ刃に隣接する2番面と、前記2番面に隣接する3番面と、を有し、
前記凹部が、前記3番面に設けられている、請求項1又は2に記載のドリルビット。 - 前記凹部が、前記切れ刃に対して略平行に形成された略直線状の溝である、請求項1から3の何れか一項に記載のドリルビット。
- 前記切れ刃と前記溝との間の寸法が、0.25mm以上0.43mm以下に設定されている、請求項4に記載のドリルビット。
- 前記溝の幅の平均値が、0.23mm以上0.30mm以下に設定されている、請求項4又は5に記載のドリルビット。
- 前記凹部の最大深さが、0.05mm以上0.15mm以下に設定されている、請求項1~6の何れか一項に記載のドリルビット。
- 切削加工補助潤滑材を、ドリルビット及び被加工材料の被加工部分の少なくとも何れか一方に接触させながら、ドリル加工により前記被加工部分を切削して孔を形成する孔形成工程を含み、
前記孔形成工程において、請求項1~7の何れか一項に記載のドリルビットを使用する、
孔形成方法。 - 前記切削加工補助潤滑材が、シート状に形成されている、請求項8に記載の孔形成方法。
- 前記被加工材料の厚みが、1.0mm以上であり、
前記孔形成工程によって形成される孔の直径が、3.0mm以上である、請求項8又は9に記載の孔形成方法。 - 前記被加工材料が、難削金属材である、請求項8~10の何れか一項に記載の孔形成方法。
- 前記被加工材料が、繊維強化複合材である、請求項8~10の何れか一項に記載の孔形成方法。
- 前記被加工材料が、難削金属材と繊維強化複合材とが密着した材料である、請求項8~10の何れか一項に記載の孔形成方法。
- 前記難削金属材が、チタン合金、アルミニウム合金、マグネシウム合金、低合金鋼、ステンレス鋼及び耐熱合金からなる群より選ばれる何れか一つである、請求項11又は13に記載の孔形成方法。
- 前記難削金属材が、Ti-6Al―4Vのチタン合金である、請求項11又は13に記載の孔形成方法。
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- 2017-05-19 KR KR1020187034066A patent/KR102032079B1/ko active IP Right Grant
- 2017-05-19 JP JP2017558758A patent/JP6425194B2/ja active Active
- 2017-05-19 BR BR112018075766-7A patent/BR112018075766B1/pt active IP Right Grant
- 2017-05-19 WO PCT/JP2017/018905 patent/WO2017217184A1/ja unknown
- 2017-05-19 RU RU2019100464A patent/RU2693230C1/ru active
- 2017-05-19 US US16/309,420 patent/US20190275593A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2017-05-19 SG SG11201811039XA patent/SG11201811039XA/en unknown
- 2017-05-19 EP EP17813087.8A patent/EP3470155B1/en active Active
- 2017-06-08 TW TW106118963A patent/TWI719219B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
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2018
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EP3470155B1 (en) | 2020-02-26 |
US20200282471A1 (en) | 2020-09-10 |
US20190275593A1 (en) | 2019-09-12 |
JP6425194B2 (ja) | 2018-11-21 |
EP3470155A1 (en) | 2019-04-17 |
EP3470155A4 (en) | 2019-06-05 |
CN109311103B (zh) | 2019-11-05 |
MY196529A (en) | 2023-04-18 |
KR102032079B1 (ko) | 2019-10-14 |
KR20190003622A (ko) | 2019-01-09 |
BR112018075766B1 (pt) | 2022-09-27 |
BR112018075766A2 (pt) | 2019-03-26 |
JP2018183872A (ja) | 2018-11-22 |
TW201801826A (zh) | 2018-01-16 |
PH12018502588B1 (en) | 2019-10-07 |
RU2693230C1 (ru) | 2019-07-01 |
JPWO2017217184A1 (ja) | 2018-06-28 |
US11097357B2 (en) | 2021-08-24 |
CN109311103A (zh) | 2019-02-05 |
PH12018502588A1 (en) | 2019-10-07 |
SG11201811039XA (en) | 2019-01-30 |
TWI719219B (zh) | 2021-02-21 |
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