WO2017215667A1 - 发动机传动机构 - Google Patents

发动机传动机构 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017215667A1
WO2017215667A1 PCT/CN2017/088812 CN2017088812W WO2017215667A1 WO 2017215667 A1 WO2017215667 A1 WO 2017215667A1 CN 2017088812 W CN2017088812 W CN 2017088812W WO 2017215667 A1 WO2017215667 A1 WO 2017215667A1
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Prior art keywords
connecting rod
piston
transmission mechanism
engine transmission
wear
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PCT/CN2017/088812
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
王蓬波
王平
刘银平
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徐州弦波引擎机械科技有限公司
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Priority claimed from CN201620596327.4U external-priority patent/CN205876489U/zh
Priority claimed from CN201620592328.1U external-priority patent/CN205744177U/zh
Priority claimed from CN201620581456.6U external-priority patent/CN205744147U/zh
Application filed by 徐州弦波引擎机械科技有限公司 filed Critical 徐州弦波引擎机械科技有限公司
Publication of WO2017215667A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017215667A1/zh

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B75/00—Other engines
    • F02B75/32—Engines characterised by connections between pistons and main shafts and not specific to preceding main groups

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a transmission mechanism inside an engine, and belongs to the technical field of engines.
  • the present invention provides an engine transmission mechanism that employs a double crankshaft structure to solve the connection and assembly problems of the connection of the crankshaft to the double crank mechanism linkage.
  • An engine transmission mechanism characterized in that it comprises two parallel crankshafts, and a connecting rod is hinged between the crank pins corresponding to the two crankshafts to form a double crank mechanism;
  • the connecting rod is provided with a piston;
  • the connecting rod comprises a connecting rod body, and two ends of the connecting rod body are detachably fixed with a connecting rod cover, and two ends of the connecting rod body are butted with the connecting rod cover to form a crank pin Articulated crank pin hole;
  • a transmission gear is mounted on the main shaft of the same end of the two crankshafts, and a central output gear is meshed between the two transmission gears, and the central output gear is mounted on a mandrel fixed to the cylinder body, and the center output gear is mounted with power Output connection.
  • the sealing end of the piston is separated from the guiding end, the piston has a piston head, a piston neck and a piston guiding rod, the piston head serves as the sealing end engaged with the cylinder, and the piston guiding rod serves as the guiding end;
  • the piston neck is a hollow cylinder, and the piston guide rod has a connecting rod slot, and the connecting rod main body is inserted into the connecting rod slot.
  • the piston head is a ceramic material.
  • the piston neck shape is an upper thick and a thin rotary cylinder having an approximately equal stress curved outer contour or the piston neck is a cross cylindrical shape formed by four ribs crossing, and the outer sides of the four ribs It has an approximately equal stress arc shape.
  • the lower end of the connecting rod slot is open, and the lower end opening of the connecting rod slot is detachably connected with a wear-resistant lower end cover, and the inner upper end of the connecting rod slot has a wear-resistant layer.
  • the wear layer is a wear resistant tile cover or a high hardness coating.
  • the surface of the upper and lower ends of the link body is plated with a wear layer.
  • the upper and lower ends of the connecting rod body are provided with wear-resistant tiles, and the wear-resistant tiles are embedded on the connecting rod main body through pins.
  • the upper and lower ends of the link main body and the connecting rod slot contact surface are formed into a circular arc surface.
  • An oil passage is formed on the crankshaft, and the power output connecting portion is a connecting flange for external output, and the center output gear is detachably connected to the power output connecting portion.
  • the invention has the beneficial effects that the double crankshaft structure of the invention solves the connection and assembly problems of the connection between the crankshaft and the double crank mechanism connecting rod, and the assembling process of the crankshaft and the connecting rod is good, and the gear end of the crankshaft is mounted with the gear,
  • the center wheel output provides a viable power output.
  • the existence of the two crankshafts can withstand the substantial increase in the average pressure in the cylinder, and the development potential is huge.
  • Figure 1 is a plan view of the present invention
  • Figure 2 is a left side view of Figure 1 of the present invention mounted on a cylinder;
  • Figure 3 is a connection structure of the center output gear and the power output connecting portion of the present invention.
  • Figure 4 is a left side view of Figure 3;
  • Figure 5 is a schematic view showing the use of the present invention after installation in a cylinder
  • Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view showing the crankshaft installation of the present invention.
  • Figure 7 is a perspective view of the overall structure of the present invention.
  • Figure 8 is a schematic view showing the structure of the connecting rod of the present invention.
  • Figure 9 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of Figure 8.
  • Figure 10 is a schematic view showing the structure of the piston of the present invention.
  • Figure 11 is a bottom view of Figure 10
  • Figure 12 is a perspective view of the piston structure.
  • An engine transmission mechanism as shown in FIG. 1 to FIG. 7 includes two parallel crankshafts 1, and a connecting rod 6 is hinged between the crankpins 1-1 corresponding to the two crankshafts 1 to form a double crank mechanism;
  • the connecting rod 6 is provided with a piston 5;
  • the connecting rod 6 includes a connecting rod main body 6-2, and two ends of the connecting rod main body 6-2 are detachably fixed with a connecting rod cover 6-1, and the connecting rod main body 6- The two ends of the two are butted against the connecting rod cover 6-1 to form a crank pin hole hinged to the crank pin 7-1.
  • the main shaft 1-1 of the same end of the two crankshafts 1 is mounted with a transmission gear 2, and the two transmission gears 2 are meshed with a central output gear 3, and the central output gear 3 is mounted on a mandrel 3 fixed to the cylinder.
  • the power output connecting portion 4 is attached to the center output gear 3.
  • the sealing end of the piston 5 is separated from the guiding end, and the piston 5 has a piston guiding rod 7 as a guiding end.
  • the piston guiding rod 7 has a connecting rod slot 7-1, and the connecting rod main body 6-2 is inserted into the Inside the connecting rod slot 7-1.
  • the crankshaft 1 is formed with oil passages 1-3, and can be injected with lubricating oil for lubrication during cranking.
  • the power output connecting portion 4 is a connecting flange for external output.
  • the connection sequence is: the power output connecting portion 4 is connected to the flywheel, the flywheel is generally integrated with the clutch, and the clutch is externally output.
  • the center output gear 3 is detachably connected to the power output connecting portion 4. It can also be molded in one piece.
  • the sealed end of the piston 5 is separated from the guiding end, and the piston 5 has a piston head 5-1, a piston neck 5-2 and a piston guiding rod 7.
  • the piston head 5-1 serves as the sealing end engaged with the cylinder
  • the piston guiding rod 7 serves as the guiding end
  • the piston neck 5-2 is a hollow cylinder
  • the piston guiding rod 7 has a connecting rod
  • the slot 7-1, the link main body 6-2 is inserted into the link slot 7-1.
  • the piston head 5-1 is a ceramic material.
  • the shape of the piston neck 5-2 is an upper thick and a thin rotating cylinder having an approximately equal stress curved outer contour or the piston neck 5-2 is a cross formed by four ribs 5-3.
  • the outer sides of the four ribs 5-3 have an approximately equal-stress circular arc shape.
  • the piston neck 5-2 has an upper thick and a thin rotating cylinder that approximates the outer contour of the equal stress surface.
  • the piston neck portion 5-2 is a cross-shaped column formed by the intersection of four ribs 5-3, and the outer sides of the four ribs 5-3 have an approximately equal-stress circular arc shape.
  • the lower end of the connecting rod slot 7-1 is open, and the lower end opening of the connecting rod slot 7-1 is detachably connected with a wear-resistant lower end cover 7-3, and the inner upper end of the connecting rod slot 7-1 is Wear layer 7-2.
  • the wear layer 7-2 is a wear resistant tile cover.
  • the piston 5 adopts equal stress design, which increases the bending strength, effectively prevents the neck from breaking, improves the reliability and safety of the piston, and has a wear-resistant design at the connecting portion between the connecting rod and the piston, which improves the wear resistance and the whole machine. reliability.
  • the upper and lower ends of the link main body 6-2 are plated with a wear-resistant layer 6-3.
  • the upper and lower ends of the link main body 6-2 are provided with wear-resistant pads 6-4, and the wear-resistant pads 6-4 are mounted on the link main body 6-2 through the pins 6-5.
  • the contact surface between the upper and lower ends of the link main body 6-2 and the link slot 7-1 is formed into a circular arc surface.
  • connection between the piston guiding rod and the connecting rod of the invention, the connection between the connecting rod and the crankshaft are all detachable structures, the processability is good, the strength is increased, the assembly is convenient, and the connection portion between the connecting rod and the piston has a wear-resistant design, which improves the resistance. Grinding performance and machine reliability.
  • the invention adopts a double crankshaft structure, solves the connection and assembly problems of the connection between the crankshaft and the double crank mechanism connecting rod, and the assembly processability of the crankshaft and the connecting rod is good, and the gear end of the crankshaft is mounted with the gear, which is output by the center wheel, and provides a A viable power output method.
  • the existence of the two crankshafts can withstand the substantial increase in the average pressure in the cylinder, and the development potential is huge.
  • the double crankshaft, the connecting rod and the piston constitute a double crank mechanism, and the sealed end of the piston is separated from the guiding end.
  • the connection assembly of the invention Through the connection assembly of the invention, the force application point is transferred from the high temperature, high pressure and high speed piston and cylinder reciprocating region to the other
  • the connecting rod and the piston guiding rod of the invention are low-temperature and easy-lubricating areas, and no other force exists between the piston and the cylinder except the back pressure of the piston ring, and the cylinder sleeve and the piston which are made of ceramic materials are realized.
  • the components are only subjected to the high temperature gas pressure load, which improves the reliability and service life without increasing the toughness and manufacturing cost of the ceramic material.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Shafts, Cranks, Connecting Bars, And Related Bearings (AREA)

Abstract

一种发动机传动机构，属于发动机内部传动技术领域。它包括两个平行的曲轴（1），两个曲轴（1）相对应的曲柄销（1-2）之间铰接有连杆（6），构成双曲柄机构；所述连杆（6）上装有活塞（5）；所述连杆（6）包括连杆主体（6-2），连杆主体（6-2）的两端以可拆方式固定有连杆瓦盖（6-1），连杆主体（6-2）的两端与连杆瓦盖（6-1）对接形成与曲柄销（1-2）铰接的曲柄销孔；两个曲轴（1）的主轴（1-1）上均安装有传动齿轮（2），两个传动齿轮（2）之间啮合安装有中心输出齿轮（3），中心输出齿轮（3）安装在固定于缸体的芯轴（3-1）上，中心输出齿轮（3）上安装有动力输出连接部（4）。其解决了曲轴（1）与双曲柄机构连杆（6）的连接等连接和装配问题，曲轴（1）与连杆（6）的装配工艺性好，由中心输出齿轮（3）输出，提供了一种可行的动力输出方式。

Description

发动机传动机构 技术领域
本发明涉及一种发动机内部的传动机构，属于发动机技术领域。
背景技术
目前，无论是汽油机还是柴油机，实际热效率比理论热效率都低很多，造成这种现象的主要原因之一是与高温燃气直接接触的缸套、活塞等零部件是由绝热效果较差的金属材料制造，金属材料持续可靠的工作需要依靠冷却系统不断的冷却其从密闭燃烧室吸取的热能。陶瓷材料是一种绝热效果较好的材料，缸套、活塞等零部件与高温燃气直接接触的部分如果使用陶瓷材料制造便可提高实际热效率，但是因为陶瓷材料的脆性而导致的低可靠性成为其应用在发动机上的技术障碍。
本发明人已经申请的专利(专利申请号：CN 201410653964.6)虽然在一定程度上解决了上述问题，但是，其加工制造工艺较复杂，相对运动的摩擦表面磨损较严重，一些细节问题如曲轴与连杆的连接、活塞杆与连杆部件的连接等问题尚待解决和完善。
发明内容
为了克服上述现有技术的不足之处，本发明提供一种发动机传动机构，采用双曲轴结构，解决了曲轴与双曲柄机构连杆的连接等连接和装配问题。
本发明是通过如下技术方案实现的：1、一种发动机传动机构，其特征在于：它包括两个平行的曲轴，两个曲轴相对应的曲柄销之间铰接有连杆，构成双曲柄机构；所述连杆上装有活塞；所述连杆包括连杆主体，连杆主体的两端以可拆方式固定有连杆瓦盖，连杆主体的两端与连杆瓦盖对接形成与曲柄销铰接的的曲柄销孔；
两个所述曲轴的同一端的主轴上均安装有传动齿轮，两个传动齿轮之间啮合安装有中心输出齿轮，中心输出齿轮安装在固定于缸体的芯轴上，中心输出齿轮上安装有动力输出连接部。
所述的活塞的密封端与导向端分离，活塞具有活塞头、活塞颈部和活塞导向杆，所述活塞头作为与气缸配合的所述密封端，所述活塞导向杆作为所述导向端； 所述的活塞颈部是空心圆柱体，活塞导向杆上有连杆插槽，所述连杆主体插入所述的连杆插槽内。
所述活塞头是陶瓷材料。
所述的活塞颈部形状是具有近似等应力曲面外轮廓的上粗下细的回转柱体或者所述的活塞颈部是由四个肋板交叉构成的十字柱形，四个肋板的外侧呈近似等应力圆弧形。
所述连杆插槽的下端开口，连杆插槽的下端开口处可拆连接有耐磨的下端盖，所述连杆插槽的内部上端有耐磨层。
所述耐磨层是耐磨瓦盖或高硬度镀层。
所述连杆主体的上下端的表面镀成耐磨层。
所述连杆主体的上下端装有耐磨瓦块，耐磨瓦块通过销镶嵌在所述连杆主体上。
所述连杆主体的上下端与连杆插槽接触面制作成圆弧面。
所述曲轴上制作有油道，所述的动力输出连接部是用于对外输出的连接法兰盘，所述的中心输出齿轮与所述动力输出连接部为可拆连接。
本发明的有益效果是：本发明采用双曲轴结构，解决了曲轴与双曲柄机构连杆的连接等连接和装配问题，曲轴与连杆的装配工艺性好，曲轴的主轴端部安装齿轮，由中心轮输出，提供了一种可行的动力输出方式。两根曲轴的存在可以承受缸内平均压力的大幅提高，发展潜力巨大。
附图说明
下面根据附图和实施例对本发明进一步说明。
图1是本发明俯视图；
图2是本发明安装在缸体上的图1的左视图；
图3是本发明中心输出齿轮与动力输出连接部的一种连接结构；
图4是图3的左视图；
图5是本发明安装在缸体之后的使用原理图；
图6是本发明曲轴安装剖面图；
图7是本发明总体结构立体图；
图8是本本发明连杆结构示意图；
图9是图8的A-A剖视图；
图10是本发明活塞结构示意图；
图11是图10的仰视图；
图12是活塞结构立体图。
图中，1、曲轴，1-1、主轴，1-2、曲柄销，1-3、油道，2、传动齿轮，3、中心输出齿轮，3-1、芯轴，4、动力输出连接部，5、活塞，5-1、活塞头，5-2、活塞颈部，6、连杆，6-1、连杆瓦盖，6-2、连杆主体，6-3、耐磨层，6-4、耐磨瓦块，6-5、销，7、活塞导向杆，7-1、连杆插槽，7-2、耐磨层，7-3、下端盖。
具体实施方式
如图1-图7所示的一种发动机传动机构，它包括两个平行的曲轴1，两个曲轴1相对应的曲柄销1-1之间铰接有连杆6，构成双曲柄机构；所述连杆6上装有活塞5；所述连杆6包括连杆主体6-2，连杆主体6-2的两端以可拆方式固定有连杆瓦盖6-1，连杆主体6-2的两端与连杆瓦盖6-1对接形成与曲柄销7-1铰接的的曲柄销孔。通过连杆瓦盖6-1与连杆主体的配合关系，有效实现了曲轴与连杆的装配，实现了双曲柄机构的结构形式。
两个所述曲轴1的同一端的主轴1-1上均安装有传动齿轮2，两个传动齿轮2之间啮合安装有中心输出齿轮3，中心输出齿轮3安装在固定于缸体的芯轴3-1上，中心输出齿轮3上安装有动力输出连接部4。活塞做功时，活塞的直线往复运动转化为连杆和曲轴的转动，活塞的导向部分承受侧向力，受力区域转移至低温易润滑区域，曲轴的转动由齿轮传动副传给输出轴，以对外做功。
所述的活塞5的密封端与导向端分离，活塞5具有作为导向端的活塞导向杆7，活塞导向杆7上有连杆插槽7-1，所述连杆主体6-2插入所述的连杆插槽7-1内。
所述曲轴1上制作有油道1-3，可注入润滑油，用于曲轴运动时的润滑。
所述的动力输出连接部4是用于对外输出的连接法兰盘。连接顺序是：动力输出连接部4连接飞轮、飞轮一般和离合器是一体的，离合器对外输出。
如图3所示，所述的中心输出齿轮3与所述动力输出连接部4为可拆连接。也可以为一体成型。
如图5、图7、图10-图12所示，所述的活塞5的密封端与导向端分离，活塞5具有活塞头5-1、活塞颈部5-2和活塞导向杆7，所述活塞头5-1作为与气缸配合的所述密封端，所述活塞导向杆7作为所述导向端；所述的活塞颈部5-2是空心圆柱体，活塞导向杆7上有连杆插槽7-1，所述连杆主体6-2插入所述的连杆插槽7-1内。
所述活塞头5-1是陶瓷材料。
所述的活塞颈部5-2形状是具有近似等应力曲面外轮廓的上粗下细的回转柱体或者所述的活塞颈部5-2是由四个肋板5-3交叉构成的十字柱形，四个肋板5-3的外侧呈近似等应力圆弧形。
所述的活塞颈部5-2具有近似等应力曲面外轮廓的上粗下细的回转柱体。或者所述的活塞颈部5-2是由四个肋板5-3交叉构成的十字柱形，四个肋板5-3的外侧呈近似等应力圆弧形。
所述连杆插槽7-1的下端开口，连杆插槽7-1的下端开口处可拆连接有耐磨的下端盖7-3，所述连杆插槽7-1的内部上端有耐磨层7-2。
所述耐磨层7-2是耐磨瓦盖。
活塞5采用等应力设计，增加了抗弯强度，有效防止颈部断裂，提高了活塞的可靠性和安全性，连杆与活塞的连接部有耐磨设计，提高了耐磨性能和整机的可靠性。
如图5、图8、图9所示，所述连杆主体6-2的上下端的表面镀成耐磨层6-3。
所述连杆主体6-2的上下端装有耐磨瓦块6-4，耐磨瓦块6-4通过销6-5镶嵌在所述连杆主体6-2上。
所述连杆主体6-2的上下端与连杆插槽7-1接触面制作成圆弧面。
本发明的活塞导向杆与连杆的连接、连杆与曲轴的连接均是可拆结构，工艺性好，增加了强度，便于装配，连杆与活塞的连接部有耐磨设计，提高了耐磨性能和整机的可靠性。
本发明采用双曲轴结构，解决了曲轴与双曲柄机构连杆的连接等连接和装配问题，曲轴与连杆的装配工艺性好，曲轴的主轴端部安装齿轮，由中心轮输出，提供了一种可行的动力输出方式。两根曲轴的存在可以承受缸内平均压力的大幅提高，发展潜力巨大。
双曲轴、连杆和活塞构成双曲柄机构，活塞的密封端与导向端分离，通过本发明的连接装配，将受力作用点由高温、高压和高速的活塞与缸套往复作用区域转移到其它低温易润滑区域，本发明的连杆与活塞导向杆就是低温易润滑区域，实现活塞与气缸之间除活塞环背压以外无其它作用力存在，实现使用陶瓷材料制造的缸套、活塞等零部件只承受高温燃气的压力载荷，实现在不增加陶瓷材料韧性和制造成本的前提下提高其可靠性及使用寿命。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种发动机传动机构，其特征在于：它包括两个平行的曲轴(1)，两个曲轴(1)相对应的曲柄销(1-2)之间铰接有连杆(6)，构成双曲柄机构；所述连杆(6)上装有活塞(5)；所述连杆(6)包括连杆主体(6-2)，连杆主体(6-2)的两端以可拆方式固定有连杆瓦盖(6-1)，连杆主体(6-2)的两端与连杆瓦盖(6-1)对接形成与曲柄销(1-2)铰接的的曲柄销孔；
    两个所述曲轴(1)的同一端的主轴(1-1)上均安装有传动齿轮(2)，两个传动齿轮(2)之间啮合安装有中心输出齿轮(3)，中心输出齿轮(3)安装在固定于缸体的芯轴(3-1)上，中心输出齿轮(3)上安装有动力输出连接部(4)。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的发动机传动机构，其特征在于：所述的活塞(5)的密封端与导向端分离，活塞(5)具有活塞头(5-1)、活塞颈部(5-2)和活塞导向杆(7)，所述活塞头(5-1)作为与气缸配合的所述密封端，所述活塞导向杆(7)作为所述导向端；所述的活塞颈部(5-2)是空心圆柱体，活塞导向杆(7)上有连杆插槽(7-1)，所述连杆主体(6-2)插入所述的连杆插槽(7-1)内。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的发动机传动机构，其特征在于：所述活塞头(5-1)是陶瓷材料。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的发动机传动机构，其特征在于：所述的活塞颈部(5-2)形状是具有近似等应力曲面外轮廓的上粗下细的回转柱体或者所述的活塞颈部(5-2)是由四个肋板(5-3)交叉构成的十字柱形，四个肋板(5-3)的外侧呈近似等应力圆弧形。
  5. 根据权利要求2所述的发动机传动机构，其特征在于：所述连杆插槽(7-1)的下端开口，连杆插槽(7-1)的下端开口处可拆连接有耐磨的下端盖(7-3)，所述连杆插槽(7-1)的内部上端有耐磨层(7-2)。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的发动机传动机构，其特征在于：所述耐磨层(7-2)是耐磨瓦盖或高硬度镀层。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的发动机传动机构，其特征在于：所述连杆主体(6-2)的上下端的表面镀成耐磨层(6-3)。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的发动机传动机构，其特征在于：所述连杆主体(6-2)的上下端装有耐磨瓦块(6-4)，耐磨瓦块(6-4)通过销(6-5)镶嵌在所述连杆 主体(6-2)上。
  9. 根据权利要求2所述的发动机传动机构，其特征在于：所述连杆主体(6-2)的上下端与连杆插槽(7-1)接触面制作成圆弧面。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的发动机传动机构，其特征在于：所述曲轴(1)上制作有油道(1-3)，所述的动力输出连接部(4)是用于对外输出的连接法兰盘，所述的中心输出齿轮(3)与所述动力输出连接部(4)为可拆连接。
PCT/CN2017/088812 2016-06-16 2017-06-16 发动机传动机构 WO2017215667A1 (zh)

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CN201620581456.6 2016-06-16
CN201620592328.1 2016-06-16
CN201620592328.1U CN205744177U (zh) 2016-06-16 2016-06-16 发动机活塞
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CN205876489U (zh) * 2016-06-16 2017-01-11 徐州弦波引擎机械科技有限公司 双曲轴发动机的连杆装置

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DE102005055433B3 (de) * 2005-11-21 2007-04-12 Neander Motors Ag Pleuel für eine Kolbenarbeitsmaschine und Doppelkurbelwellen-Arbeitsmaschine
DE102006015629A1 (de) * 2006-04-04 2007-10-11 Armin Brunner Doppelkurbelwellenmotor
CN201013450Y (zh) * 2007-02-16 2008-01-30 唐人忠 双列平行气缸活塞同动式内燃发动机
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