WO2017215160A1

WO2017215160A1 - Intermittent cooling system of working medium contact type

Info

Publication number: WO2017215160A1
Application number: PCT/CN2016/102108
Authority: WO
Inventors: 王伟
Original assignee: 广东合一新材料研究院有限公司
Priority date: 2016-06-16
Filing date: 2016-10-14
Publication date: 2017-12-21

Abstract

Disclosed is an intermittent cooling system of a working medium contact type comprising: a liquid working medium box (1) filled with an insulating heat-conducting liquid working medium (101); multiple mounting plates (2), wherein the multiple mounting plates (2) are arranged according to actual usage directions; high-power electrical devices (3) and liquid absorbing layers (17), wherein the liquid absorbing layers (17) are provided on outer surfaces of the high-power electrical devices (3), and the high-power electric power devices (3) are mounted on one side and/or two sides of the mounting plates (2); a main-pipe liquid distributor (4), wherein the main-pipe liquid distributor (4) is in communication with the liquid working medium box (1) via a main pipeline (5); and multiple liquid working medium spray pipes (6), wherein the multiple liquid working medium spray pipes (6) are uniformly provided with multiple liquid spray ports, are vertically disposed on one side and/or two sides of the multiple mounting plates (2) and are in communication with main-pipe liquid distributor (4). The spray directions of the liquid spray ports correspond to the positions of the high-power electrical devices (3), and the liquid working medium sprayed on the high-power electrical devices (3) via the liquid spray ports flows back to the liquid working medium box (1). The fog-like liquid heat-conducting working medium and heating surfaces of the devices (3) are in direct contact without any intermediate mediums and heat transfer links, thus significantly improving the heat exchange efficiency.

Description

Intermittent working fluid contact cooling system

Technical field

The invention relates to a discontinuous working fluid contact cooling system, belonging to the field of high-power electric devices and electronic chip cooling systems.

Background technique

High-power power devices refer to composite voltage-driven power semiconductor devices, such as IGBT, IGCT, and IEGT. These devices have low drive power and reduced saturation voltage, high input resistance, fast switching speed, low on-state voltage, and blocking. The characteristics of high voltage and high current withstand have become the mainstream of power electronic device development, and are widely used in various power electronic circuits such as AC motor, inverter, switching power supply, lighting circuit and traction drive.

However, when a high-power device works, the heat generated will increase the temperature of the chip. If the heat dissipation is slow, it is possible to raise the temperature of the chip beyond the maximum allowable junction temperature, and the performance of the device will be significantly degraded and unstable. Work, which leads to deterioration or failure of device performance, and studies have shown that the failure rate of high-power devices is directly related to its junction temperature index, and its performance decreases with increasing junction temperature. The research data shows that the failure rate of the IGBT device increases by 10 times for every 10 °C increase in temperature. In addition, the phenomenon of "electron migration" caused by overheating can cause irreversible permanent damage to the chip and affect the life of the chip. At the same time, with the increasing capacity of high-power devices, higher and higher requirements for heat dissipation performance are put forward. Therefore, the basic task of high-power device heat dissipation design is to design a low thermal resistance heat flow transmission path according to the basic principle of thermodynamics, so that the heat emitted by the device can be transmitted to the heat dissipation end as quickly and uniformly as possible, thereby ensuring the internal operation of the device. The temperature is always within the allowable junction temperature.

Since the power device needs insulation protection, the current cooling technology mostly uses a metal fin heat exchanger to force air cooling, or the cooling medium and the heat dissipation power device are indirectly contacted by the intermediate structure to dissipate heat. The device is fixed on the surface of the heat-dissipating cold plate, and the heat transfer needs to pass through the thermal grease and the heat-conducting oil and then through the wall of the heat-dissipating cold plate to the flowing coolant inside the cold plate. This conventional heat-dissipating cooling device increases the middle Medium, the thermal resistance increases and the heat conduction efficiency is reduced, and the heat cannot be dissipated in time, which is more likely to cause high-power heat accumulation and increase the junction temperature of the electronic device.

Summary of the invention

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a discontinuous working contact cooling system, which overcomes the prior art heat transfer and high thermal resistance through the intermediate medium when the high power device and the electronic chip work. The heat conduction efficiency is lowered, and the heat cannot be dissipated in time, which is more likely to cause high-power heat accumulation, which causes the junction temperature of the electronic device to be too high, resulting in defects in device performance deterioration or failure.

The technical solution of the present invention to solve the above technical problems is as follows: a discontinuous working medium contact cooling system, comprising a liquid working medium box containing an insulating and heat conductive liquid working medium;

a plurality of mounting plates, the plurality of the mounting plates are located above the liquid working medium box, and can be arranged according to the actual use direction;

a high power power device mounted on one side and/or sides of the mounting board;

a liquid absorbing layer, the liquid absorbing layer being disposed on an outer surface of the high power power device;

a manifold dispenser, wherein the manifold dispenser communicates with the liquid working tank through a main conduit;

a plurality of liquid working spray pipes, a plurality of liquid working spray pipes are evenly arranged with a plurality of liquid discharge ports, which are vertically arranged on one side and/or both sides of the plurality of mounting plates and communicate with the main pipe a liquid dispensing device; an injection direction of the liquid discharge port corresponding to a position of the high-power power device; and a liquid working medium sprayed on the high-power power device by the liquid discharge port is returned to the liquid working medium tank.

Preferably, the nozzle is connected to the nozzle, the nozzle being facing the high power power device.

The invention has the beneficial effects that the invention is guided by the low temperature insulation in the liquid working medium tank The hot liquid working medium is directly sprayed on the high-power electric device through the liquid discharge port, and the sprayed liquid heat conductive medium is directly in contact with the heating surface of the device, absorbs the heat generated by the liquid, and then falls back into the liquid working medium box. In this cycle, the liquid working fluid continuously keeps the tropical part of the power device, the cooling liquid working medium directly contacts the high-power electric device that needs to dissipate heat, and has no phase change in the heat transfer process, without any intermediate medium and heat transfer conversion link, and may have the following Significant advantages:

1. The sprayed liquid working medium forms an atomized liquid film on the surface of the heat generating device, and the liquid film heat conduction has excellent heat penetration characteristics such as small flow rate, large temperature difference, high heat transfer coefficient and high heat flow density;

2. The spraying component for providing liquid working fluid spray has the advantages of simple structure, small power consumption, mature manufacturing technology and high reliability;

3. The liquid working fluid can directly contact the surface of the heated single electrical device, improve the heat conduction efficiency by reducing the contact thermal resistance and reducing the indirect heat transfer structure; at the same time, the simpler the heat transfer process and structure, its reliability and controllability Higher

4. Under the same ambient temperature, the temperature difference of direct contact cooling and heat dissipation can be controlled. Compared with the non-direct contact heat transfer method, the temperature of the heating surface of the device can be improved, the junction temperature can be lowered, and the high power can be improved. The working life and reliability of power devices.

5. With spray-type heat dissipation, the effective contact area (heat exchange area) of the liquid working medium and the heating surface will increase, so that the theoretical heat transfer efficiency will increase (the heat exchange amount is proportional to the area), and the liquid working medium has higher effective utilization rate. .

6. The thermal conductivity of liquid working fluid is generally better than the forced convection using air, and compared with the traditional forced convection air cooling system, the fresh air unit and some complicated structural design are required. The design requirements of the liquid cooling technical architecture are relatively small, and the direct contact with the spray is directly The structure can be simpler, saving cost and extending device life.

7. The liquid absorbing layer is used to realize the intermittent injection of the working medium of the liquid working medium tank on the high-power device, thereby achieving full contact between the liquid working medium and the high-power device, reducing energy consumption, delaying moving parts and pressure. The service life of components, etc.

Based on the above technical solutions, the present invention can also be improved as follows.

The present invention provides a discontinuous working fluid contact cooling system as described above. Further, the liquid working medium tank is connected to a liquid receiving tank located below the plurality of mounting plates, or the top of the liquid working medium box is open. The port structure, a plurality of the mounting plates are located above the liquid working tank.

The above further beneficial effects are as follows: in the open, non-phase-change spray liquid working medium to the heating surface, the heat exchange area of the liquid working medium and the heat generating surface will increase, so that the theoretical heat transfer efficiency will be improved, and the liquid working medium can be effectively utilized. Higher, improve cooling efficiency.

The present invention provides a discontinuous working fluid contact cooling system as described above, and further comprising a liquid working fluid pump, wherein the liquid working fluid pump is located in the liquid working medium tank and is separated from the main pipe by the pipeline Connected.

The present invention provides a discontinuous working fluid contact cooling system as described above, and further comprising a filter installed at a front end of the liquid inlet of the liquid working fluid pump.

The beneficial effect of adopting the above further solution is that the filter is disposed at the front end of the liquid working fluid pump for filtering the liquid heat conductive working medium used for repeated circulation, ensuring the purity of the liquid working medium, preventing damage of the pump body by impurities and the nozzle. The blockage, and the liquid working medium has no phase change during the spraying process, so the system recycling does not require the working medium recovery equipment, and only the common filter is used to filter the impurities generated by the working medium in the open cycle process, and the system adaptability And higher reliability.

The plurality of liquid working spray pipes described above are all disposed around the high power power device. The liquid spray can be sprayed and cooled from any sprayable direction of the high-power power device to improve the cooling efficiency.

The present invention provides a discontinuous working fluid contact cooling system as described above, and further comprising a liquid working fluid cooling device for cooling the working fluid in the liquid working medium tank.

The above further beneficial effect is that the working medium in the liquid working medium can be continuously cooled to ensure an effective heat exchange temperature difference between the liquid working medium and the high-power electric device (usually 5 to 10 ° C) to effectively cool it.

The present invention provides a discontinuous working fluid contact cooling system as described above. Further, the liquid working fluid cooling device includes a chiller unit, and the chiller unit includes a refrigerant compressor, a refrigerant conveying pipe, a refrigerant return pipe and an evaporator; The water outlet of the refrigerant compressor communicates with one end of the evaporator through a refrigerant delivery pipe, and the water return port of the refrigerant compressor communicates with the other end of the evaporator through a refrigerant return pipe; the evaporator is located at the liquid worker Inside the box.

The present invention provides a discontinuous working fluid contact cooling system as described above. Further, the liquid working fluid cooling device is a heat dissipating fin mounted on the outside of the liquid working medium tank.

The present invention provides a discontinuous working fluid contact cooling system as described above. Further, the liquid working fluid cooling device comprises a first heat exchange section outside the liquid working medium tank and a second heat exchange in the liquid working medium tank. The refrigerant outlet of the first heat exchange section is in communication with the refrigerant inlet of the second heat exchange section, and the refrigerant outlet of the second heat exchange section is in communication with the refrigerant inlet of the first heat exchange section.

The invention has a discontinuous working contact cooling system as described above, and further comprising a fan, wherein the fan cools the heat dissipating fin or cools the first heat exchange section.

The present invention has a discontinuous working fluid contact cooling system as described above. Further, the insulating and thermally conductive liquid working fluid is one or any of natural mineral oil, silicone oil, vegetable oil, transformer oil, and heat transfer oil.

The beneficial effects of adopting the above further solution are as follows: the above liquid working medium must use a thermally conductive liquid working medium with good insulation to ensure the insulation of the working medium, avoid contact with the high-power electric device, cause damage to the device, and seriously lead to system scrapping. . The liquid working medium generally has a high thermal conductivity, and can be directly contacted with the heat generating surface of the power device by spraying, thereby achieving efficient heat dissipation.

The high-power device of the present invention is generally a switching device with a voltage level above 1200V and a current of 300A or more, including a high power diode, a thyristor, a GTO, an IGBT, an IGCT, an ETO, or the like, or a mosfet of 900V or higher. Power devices with severe heat; and high-power electronic chips used in computers, servers, and LED lamps. Liquid heat conduction using insulating medium as insulation The working medium is a non-polar substance, which directly sprays high-power power devices, and will not affect electronic and electrical equipment and circuits, and will not damage the hardware.

The present invention provides a discontinuous working fluid contact cooling system as described above. Further, the liquid absorbing layer is a porous material, and the porous material partially or completely covers the high power heat generating device.

DRAWINGS

1 is a schematic view of an embodiment of a discontinuous working fluid contact cooling system of the present invention;

2 is a schematic view of a second embodiment of a discontinuous working fluid contact cooling system according to the present invention;

3 is a schematic view showing a third embodiment of a discontinuous working fluid contact cooling system according to the present invention;

4 is a schematic view of a fourth embodiment of a discontinuous working fluid contact cooling system according to the present invention.

In the drawings, the list of parts represented by each label is as follows:

1, liquid working box, 101, insulating and thermal conductive liquid working medium, 2, mounting plate, 3, high-power power device, 4, main pipe dispenser, 5, main pipe, 6, liquid working spray pipe, 7, Nozzle, 8, liquid working fluid pump, 9, filter, 10, refrigerant compressor, 11, refrigerant delivery pipe, 12, refrigerant return pipe, 13, evaporator, 14, heat sink fins, 15, fan, 16, first a heat exchange section, 17, a second heat exchange section, 17, a liquid absorbing layer.

detailed description

The principles and features of the present invention are described in the following with reference to the accompanying drawings.

As shown in Figures 1 to 4, a discontinuous working fluid contact cooling system includes insulation a liquid working medium tank 1 of a heat conductive liquid working medium 101; a plurality of mounting boards 2, a plurality of said mounting boards 2 are arranged according to an actual use direction, and may be vertically and in parallel arranged; a high-power electric device 3, said high-power electric power The device 3 is mounted on one side and/or both sides of the mounting board 2; a liquid absorbing layer 18, the liquid absorbing layer being disposed on an outer surface of the high power power device; specifically, the liquid absorbing layer 18 is porous A material layer, which may be a porous sponge or the like. a manifold dispenser 4, the manifold separator 4 is connected to the liquid working tank 1 through a main pipe 5; a plurality of liquid working spray pipes 6, and a plurality of the liquid working spray pipes 6 are evenly arranged There are a plurality of liquid discharge ports which are vertically arranged on one side and/or both sides of the plurality of mounting plates 2 and communicate with the header pipette 4; the injection direction of the liquid discharge port and the high-power power device 3 Corresponding to the position; the liquid working medium sprayed on the high-power power device 3 by the liquid discharge port is returned to the liquid working medium tank 1. Specifically, the nozzle 7 is connected to the nozzle 7, and the nozzle 7 is facing the high-power power device 3, and the structure spray liquid can be sprayed on the high-power power device 3 more accurately. In the embodiment of the present invention, the low-temperature insulating and heat-conducting liquid working medium in the liquid working medium tank 1 is directly sprayed on the high-power electric device 3 through the liquid discharge port, and the sprayed liquid heat-conducting working medium and the high-power electric device 3 are sprayed. The heating surface is in direct contact, absorbs the heat generated by it, and then falls back into the liquid working medium box 1. In this cycle, the liquid working medium continuously moves the tropical part of the power device, and the cooling liquid working medium directly contacts the high-power electric device that needs heat dissipation. There is no phase change in the heat transfer process, without any intermediate medium and heat transfer conversion link, the spray structure can be simpler, thereby saving cost and prolonging the service life of the device and improving the cooling effect.

According to an embodiment of the invention, a discontinuous working fluid contact cooling system is provided, wherein the liquid working medium tank 1 is connected to a liquid receiving tank located below the plurality of mounting plates 2, or the top of the liquid working medium tank 1 is The open structure, a plurality of the mounting plates 2 are located above the liquid working medium box, the open structure can directly receive the liquid flowing down the high-power power device, the system frame is simple, and the liquid working medium and the heat-generating surface exchange heat The area will increase, so that the theoretical heat transfer efficiency will be improved, the effective utilization rate of the liquid working fluid will be higher, and the cooling efficiency will be improved.

Specifically, in the above embodiment, the manifold dispenser 4 is horizontally arranged, and the plurality of the liquid working fluids The spray pipe 6 is evenly distributed on the manifold pipe 4, and one end of the plurality of liquid working spray pipes 6 is connected thereto, and the other end is a plugging structure.

In some embodiments, the present invention further includes a liquid working fluid pump 8 located in the liquid working fluid tank 1 and communicating with the manifold liquid separator 4 through a pipeline; A filter 9 is installed at the front end of the liquid inlet of the liquid working fluid pump 8. By setting the liquid working fluid pump and the filter to ensure the circulation capacity, the purity of the liquid working medium is ensured, the damage of the pump body to the impurities and the clogging of the nozzle are prevented, and the adaptability and reliability are high.

In the above embodiment, a plurality of the liquid working spray pipes 6 are disposed around the high-power power device 3. The liquid spray can be sprayed and cooled from any sprayable surface of the high-power power device 3 to improve the cooling efficiency.

In some embodiments, the invention specifically includes a liquid working fluid cooling device that cools the working fluid in the liquid working fluid tank. The continuous cooling of the working fluid in the liquid working tank can be realized to ensure an effective heat exchange temperature difference (usually 5 to 10 ° C) between the liquid working medium and the high-power electric device for effective cooling.

The above liquid working fluid cooling device can be realized by the following means: First, as shown in FIG. 1 , the liquid cooling device comprises a chiller unit, and the chiller unit comprises a refrigerant compressor 10, a refrigerant conveying pipe 11 and a refrigerant return pipe 12 and The evaporator 13; the water outlet of the refrigerant compressor 10 communicates with one end of the evaporator 13 through the refrigerant delivery pipe 11, and the water return port of the refrigerant compressor 10 communicates with the other end of the evaporator 13 through the refrigerant return pipe 12. The evaporator 13 is located in the liquid working tank 1. Second, as shown in FIG. 3, the liquid working fluid cooling device is a heat dissipating fin 14 mounted on the outside of the liquid working medium tank. Thirdly, as shown in FIG. 4, the liquid working fluid cooling device is provided with a fan 15 outside the heat dissipating fins 14 installed outside the liquid working medium tank, and the fan 15 cools the heat dissipating fins 14. Fourth, as shown in FIG. 2, the liquid working fluid cooling device includes a first heat exchange section 16 outside the liquid working tank and a second heat exchange section 17 in the liquid working tank, and the first heat exchange section 16 The refrigerant outlet is connected to the refrigerant inlet of the second heat exchange section 17 through a pipe, and the pipe may be provided The circulation pump, the refrigerant outlet of the second heat exchange section 17 is connected to the refrigerant inlet of the first heat exchange section 16 through a pipe, and the circulation pipe of the first heat exchange section and the second heat exchange section may be a refrigerant such as water. It can also be air. Fourth, as shown in FIG. 4, the liquid working fluid cooling device comprises a first heat exchange section 16 outside the liquid working medium tank 1 and a second heat exchange section 17 in the liquid working medium tank, the first heat exchange section The refrigerant outlet of 16 is in communication with the refrigerant inlet of the second heat exchange section 17, the refrigerant outlet of the second heat exchange section 17 is in communication with the refrigerant inlet of the first heat exchange section 16, and a fan is disposed outside the first heat exchange section 16. 15. The fan 15 cools the first heat exchange section 16.

According to an embodiment of the invention, a discontinuous working fluid contact cooling system is provided, wherein the insulating and thermally conductive liquid working medium is one or any one of natural mineral oil, silicone oil, vegetable oil, transformer oil, and heat transfer oil. The above liquid working fluid must use a heat-insulating liquid working medium with good insulation to ensure the insulation of the working medium, avoid contact with the high-power power device, cause damage to the device, and seriously cause the system to be scrapped. The liquid working medium generally has a high thermal conductivity, and can be directly contacted with the heat generating surface of the power device by spraying, thereby achieving efficient heat dissipation.

In the specific embodiment of the present invention, the high-power device may be: a switching device with a voltage level above 1200V and a current above 300A, including a high power diode, a thyristor, a GTO, an IGBT, an IGCT, an ETO, or the like, or a mosfet of 900V or higher. Power devices with severe heat; and high-power chips for computers, servers, and LED lights. The liquid heat-conducting working medium which is insulated by the cooling medium is a non-polar substance, and directly sprays the high-power electric device without affecting the electronic, electrical equipment and the circuit, and the hardware is not damaged.

The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalents, improvements, etc., which are within the spirit and scope of the present invention, should be included in the protection of the present invention. Within the scope.

Claims

A discontinuous working fluid contact cooling system, characterized in that it comprises a liquid working medium box filled with an insulating and heat conductive liquid working medium;

a plurality of mounting plates, the plurality of mounting plates being located above the liquid working tank;

a high power power device mounted on one side and/or sides of the mounting board;

a liquid absorbing layer, the liquid absorbing layer being disposed on an outer surface of the high power power device;

a manifold dispenser, wherein the manifold dispenser communicates with the liquid working tank through a main conduit;

a plurality of liquid working spray pipes, a plurality of liquid working spray pipes are evenly arranged with a plurality of liquid discharge ports, which are vertically arranged on one side and/or both sides of the plurality of mounting plates and communicate with the main pipe a liquid dispensing device; an injection direction of the liquid discharge port corresponding to a position of the high-power power device; and a liquid working medium sprayed on the high-power power device by the liquid discharge port is returned to the liquid working medium tank.
A discontinuous working fluid contact cooling system according to claim 1, further comprising a liquid working fluid pump, said liquid working fluid pump being located in said liquid working medium tank and passing through said conduit and said manifold The dispenser is connected.
A discontinuous working fluid contact cooling system according to claim 1, further comprising a filter installed at a front end of the liquid inlet of the liquid working fluid pump.
A discontinuous working fluid contact cooling system according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of said liquid working spray pipes are disposed around said high power power device.
A discontinuous working fluid contact cooling system according to claim 1, further comprising a liquid working fluid cooling device for cooling the working fluid in the liquid working medium tank.
A discontinuous working fluid contact cooling system according to claim 5, wherein said liquid working fluid cooling device comprises a chiller, said chiller comprising a refrigerant compressor, a refrigerant conveying pipe and a refrigerant return pipe and an evaporator; a water outlet of the refrigerant compressor is communicated with one end of the evaporator through a refrigerant conveying pipe, and a water return port of the refrigerant compressor passes through a refrigerant return pipe and the other end of the evaporator Connected; the evaporator is located in the liquid working tank.
A discontinuous working fluid contact cooling system according to claim 5, wherein said liquid working fluid cooling device is a heat dissipating fin mounted on the outside of said liquid working medium tank.
A discontinuous working fluid contact cooling system according to claim 5, wherein said liquid working fluid cooling device comprises a first heat exchange section outside the liquid working medium tank and a liquid working medium tank In the two heat exchange sections, the refrigerant outlet of the first heat exchange section is in communication with the refrigerant inlet of the second heat exchange section, and the refrigerant outlet of the second heat exchange section is in communication with the refrigerant inlet of the first heat exchange section.
The intermittent working fluid contact cooling system according to claim 1, wherein the insulating and thermally conductive liquid working medium is one or any of natural mineral oil, silicone oil, vegetable oil, transformer oil, and heat transfer oil. Several.
A discontinuous working fluid contact cooling system according to claim 1, wherein said liquid absorbing layer is a porous material, said porous material partially or completely covering said high power heat generating device.