CN105960148B - One kind can discontinuous working medium cooling system by contact - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a discontinuous working medium contact cooling system, which comprises a liquid working medium tank equipped with insulating and heat-conducting liquid working medium; multiple mounting plates arranged according to the actual use direction; high-power electric devices, absorbing The liquid layer, the liquid absorbing layer is arranged on the outer surface of the high-power power device; the high-power power device is installed on one side and/or both sides of the mounting plate; the main pipe liquid distributor, the main pipe liquid distributor is connected to the liquid working medium tank through the main pipeline; A plurality of liquid working medium spray pipes, a plurality of liquid working medium spray pipes are evenly arranged with a plurality of liquid spray ports, which are vertically arranged on one side and/or both sides of the plurality of mounting plates and connected to the main pipe liquid distributor; The injection direction of the liquid injection port corresponds to the position of the high-power electric device; the liquid working fluid injected by the liquid injection port on the high-power electric device flows back to the liquid working medium tank. The mist-like liquid heat-conducting working medium of the present invention is in direct contact with the heating surface of the device without any intermediate medium and heat transfer conversion link, thereby significantly improving the heat exchange efficiency.

Description

A Discontinuous Working Fluid Contact Cooling System

technical field

The invention relates to an intermittent working fluid contact cooling system, which belongs to the field of cooling systems for high-power electric devices and electronic chips.

Background technique

High-power power devices mostly refer to compound voltage-driven power semiconductor devices, such as IGBT, IGCT, and IEGT. These devices have low driving power and low saturation voltage, high input resistance, fast switching speed, low on-state voltage, blocking The characteristics of high voltage and large current have become the mainstream of the development of power electronic devices today, and are widely used in power electronic circuits in various fields such as AC motors, frequency converters, switching power supplies, lighting circuits, and traction drives.

But when high-power devices work, the heat generated will increase the temperature of the chip. If the heat dissipation is slow, the temperature of the chip may rise to exceed the maximum allowable junction temperature, and the performance of the device will be significantly reduced and cannot be stabilized. work, resulting in deterioration or failure of device performance, and research shows that the failure rate of high-power devices is directly related to its junction temperature index, and its performance decreases with the increase of junction temperature. Research data shows that the failure rate of IGBT devices doubles for every 10°C increase in operating temperature. In addition, the "electron migration" phenomenon caused by overheating will cause irreversible permanent damage to the chip and affect the life of the chip. At the same time, as the capacity of high-power devices continues to increase, higher and higher requirements are placed on heat dissipation performance. Therefore, the basic task of heat dissipation design for high-power devices is to design a heat flow transmission path with low thermal resistance according to the basic principles of thermodynamics, so that the heat emitted by the device can be transferred to the heat dissipation end as quickly and evenly as possible, so as to ensure that when the device is running, its internal The temperature is always kept within the allowable junction temperature.

Because power devices need insulation protection, the current cooling technology mostly uses metal fin heat exchangers for forced air cooling, or the cooling medium and power devices that need to be dissipated are indirectly contacted to dissipate heat through an intermediate structure, and the power devices are fixed on the surface of the heat dissipation cold plate, and The heat transfer needs to pass through the heat conduction silicone grease and heat conduction oil, and then pass through the wall of the heat dissipation cold plate to the flowing coolant inside the cold plate. This kind of traditional heat dissipation cooling device, because of the increase of the above-mentioned intermediate medium, the thermal resistance increases and the heat conduction efficiency is improved. If the heat is not dissipated in time, it is easier to cause high-power heat accumulation and increase the junction temperature of electronic devices.

Contents of the invention

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a discontinuous working fluid contact cooling system, which overcomes the problem of heat transfer through an intermediate medium and the increase in thermal resistance in the prior art when high-power devices and electronic chips are working. The heat conduction efficiency is reduced, and the heat cannot be dissipated in time, which will easily cause high-power heat accumulation, make the electronic device junction temperature too high, and cause the defect of device performance deterioration or failure.

The technical solution of the present invention to solve the above-mentioned technical problems is as follows: an intermittent working medium contact cooling system, including a liquid working medium tank equipped with an insulating and heat-conducting liquid working medium;

A plurality of installation plates, the plurality of installation plates are located above the liquid working medium tank, and can be arranged according to the actual use direction;

A high-power electric device, the high-power electric device is installed on one side and/or both sides of the installation board;

A liquid-absorbing layer, the liquid-absorbing layer is arranged on the outer surface of the high-power electric device;

A main pipe liquid distributor, the main pipe liquid distributor communicates with the liquid working medium tank through the main pipeline;

A plurality of liquid working medium spray pipes, a plurality of liquid working medium spray pipes are evenly arranged with a plurality of liquid spray ports, which are vertically arranged on one side and/or both sides of the plurality of mounting plates and communicate with the main pipe Liquid distributor; the injection direction of the liquid injection port corresponds to the position of the high-power electric device; the liquid working medium sprayed on the high-power electric device by the liquid injection port returns to the liquid working medium tank.

Preferably, a nozzle is connected to the liquid injection port, and the nozzle is directly facing the high-power electric device.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are: the present invention directly sprays the low-temperature insulating and heat-conducting liquid working medium in the liquid working medium tank on the high-power electric device through the liquid injection port, and the sprayed mist liquid heat-conducting working medium and The heating surface of the device directly contacts, absorbs the heat generated by it, and then falls back into the liquid working medium tank. In this way, the liquid working medium continuously takes away the heat from the power device, and the cooling liquid working medium directly contacts the high-power power device that needs to be dissipated. There is no phase change in the heat transfer process, and there is no intermediate medium and heat transfer conversion link, which can have the following significant advantages:

1. The sprayed liquid working medium forms an atomized liquid film on the surface of the heating device, and the heat conduction of the liquid film has excellent heat penetration characteristics such as small flow rate, large temperature difference, high heat transfer coefficient, and high heat flux density;

2. The injection parts that provide liquid working medium spray have the advantages of simple structure, low power consumption, mature manufacturing technology, and high reliability;

3. The liquid working medium can directly contact the surface of the heating single electrical device, and improve the heat conduction efficiency by reducing the contact thermal resistance and reducing the indirect heat transfer structure; at the same time, the simpler the heat transfer process and structure, the more reliable and controllable it is. higher;

4. Under the same ambient temperature, the temperature difference of direct contact cooling and heat dissipation is controllable. Compared with the non-direct contact heat transfer method, it can further reduce the temperature of the heating surface of the device and reduce the junction temperature, which is helpful to improve such high-power Working life and reliability of power devices.

5. With spray heat dissipation, the effective contact area (heat exchange area) between the liquid working medium and the heating surface will increase, so that the theoretical heat conduction efficiency will increase (the heat transfer is proportional to the area), and the effective utilization rate of the liquid working medium will be higher .

6. The heat conduction performance of liquid working medium is generally better than that of forced convection using air, and compared with the traditional forced convection air cooling system, fresh air unit and some complex architecture design are required. The structure can be simpler, thereby saving cost and prolonging the service life of the device.

7. The liquid-absorbing layer is adopted to realize that the working medium of the liquid working medium box can be sprayed on the high-power device intermittently, so as to realize full contact between the liquid working medium and the high-power device, reduce energy consumption, delay moving parts, and pressure service life of components, etc.

On the basis of the above technical solutions, the present invention can also be improved as follows.

The present invention is a discontinuous working medium contact cooling system as described above, further, the liquid working medium tank communicates with the liquid receiving tanks located under the multiple mounting plates, or the top of the liquid working medium tank is open port structure, a plurality of mounting plates are located above the liquid working medium tank.

The further beneficial effects of adopting the above are: in an open, non-phase-change spray liquid working medium to the heating surface, the heat exchange area between the liquid working medium and the heating surface will increase, thereby improving the theoretical heat transfer efficiency and improving the effective utilization of the liquid working medium Higher, improve cooling efficiency.

The present invention is an intermittent working medium contact cooling system as described above, further comprising a liquid working medium pump, the liquid working medium pump is located in the liquid working medium tank and is separated from the main pipe through the pipeline connected.

The present invention is an intermittent working medium contact cooling system as described above, further comprising a filter installed at the front end of the liquid inlet of the liquid working medium pump.

The beneficial effect of adopting the above-mentioned further scheme is that the filter is arranged at the front end of the liquid working medium pump to filter the liquid heat transfer working medium used repeatedly, to ensure the purity of the liquid working medium, and to prevent impurities from damaging the pump body and nozzles. There is no blockage of the liquid working fluid during the spraying process, so the system circulation does not require a working medium recovery device, only a common filter is required to filter the impurities generated by the working medium in the open circulation process, and the system is self-adaptive and higher reliability.

The above-mentioned multiple liquid working medium spray pipes are evenly distributed around the high-power electric device. The liquid spray can spray and cool down from any sprayable direction of the high-power electric device to improve the cooling efficiency.

The above-mentioned discontinuous working medium contact cooling system of the present invention further includes a liquid working medium cooling device, and the liquid working medium cooling device cools the working medium in the liquid working medium tank.

The further beneficial effect of adopting the above is that the working fluid in the liquid working medium tank can be continuously cooled to ensure that the effective heat exchange temperature difference (usually 5-10°C) is maintained between the liquid working medium and the high-power electric device, and effectively cool it.

The present invention is an intermittent working medium contact cooling system as described above, further, the liquid working medium cooling device includes a water chiller, and the water chiller includes a refrigerant compressor, a refrigerant delivery pipe, a refrigerant return pipe, and an evaporator; The water outlet of the refrigerant compressor communicates with one end of the evaporator through a refrigerant delivery pipe, and the water return port of the refrigerant compressor communicates with the other end of the evaporator through a refrigerant return pipe; Inside the quality box.

The present invention is an intermittent working medium contact cooling system as described above, further, the liquid working medium cooling device is a cooling fin installed outside the liquid working medium tank.

The present invention is an intermittent working medium contact cooling system as described above, further, the liquid working medium cooling device includes a first heat exchange section located outside the liquid working medium box and a second heat exchange section inside the liquid working medium box The refrigerant outlet of the first heat exchange section communicates with the refrigerant inlet of the second heat exchange section, and the refrigerant outlet of the second heat exchange section communicates with the refrigerant inlet of the first heat exchange section.

The discontinuous working fluid contact cooling system of the present invention further includes a fan, and the fan cools the cooling fins or cools the first heat exchange section.

The present invention is a discontinuous working medium contact cooling system as described above, further, the insulating and heat-conducting liquid working medium is one or more of natural mineral oil, silicone oil, vegetable oil, transformer oil, and heat-conducting oil.

The beneficial effect of adopting the above-mentioned further scheme is: the above-mentioned liquid working medium must use a heat-conducting liquid working medium with good insulation to ensure the insulation of the working medium and avoid contact with high-power electrical devices for conduction, causing damage to the device, and seriously causing the system to be scrapped . Liquid working fluid generally has a high thermal conductivity, and through spraying, it can directly contact the heating surface of the power device to dissipate heat, so that efficient heat dissipation can be achieved.

The high-power devices described in the present invention are generally: switching devices with a voltage level above 1200V and a current above 300A, including high-power diodes, thyristors, GTO, IGBT, IGCT, ETO, etc., or mosfets above 900V. Power devices with severe heat; and high-power electronic chips used in computers, servers, LED lights, etc. The cooling medium is used as the insulating liquid and the heat-conducting medium is a non-polar substance, which can directly spray the high-power electric devices without affecting the electronic and electrical equipment and circuits, and will not damage the hardware.

The present invention is an intermittent working fluid contact cooling system as described above, further, the liquid-absorbing layer is a porous material, and the porous material partially or completely covers the high-power heating device.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a discontinuous working medium contact cooling system of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a second embodiment of a discontinuous working fluid contact cooling system of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a third embodiment of a discontinuous working medium contact cooling system of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a fourth embodiment of an intermittent working medium contact cooling system of the present invention.

In the accompanying drawings, the list of parts represented by each label is as follows:

1. Liquid working medium box, 101. Insulating and heat-conducting liquid working medium, 2. Mounting plate, 3. High-power electric device, 4. Main pipe liquid separator, 5. Main pipeline, 6. Liquid working medium spray pipe, 7. Nozzle, 8. Liquid working medium pump, 9. Filter, 10. Refrigerant compressor, 11. Refrigerant delivery pipe, 12. Refrigerant return pipe, 13. Evaporator, 14. Cooling fins, 15. Fan, 16. No. A heat exchange section, 17, a second heat exchange section, 17, a liquid-absorbing layer.

Detailed ways

The principles and features of the present invention are described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, and the examples given are only used to explain the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

As shown in Figures 1 to 4, a discontinuous working medium contact cooling system includes a liquid working medium tank 1 equipped with an insulating and heat-conducting liquid working medium 101; multiple mounting plates 2, and multiple mounting plates 2 are based on Arrangement in the actual use direction can be vertical and parallel arrangement; high-power electric device 3, the high-power electric device 3 is installed on one side and/or both sides of the mounting plate 2; liquid-absorbing layer 18, the liquid-absorbing layer 18 layer is arranged on the outer surface of the high-power electric device; specifically, the liquid-absorbing layer 18 is a porous material layer, and the porous material may be a porous sponge or the like. The main pipe liquid distributor 4, the main pipe liquid distributor 4 communicates with the liquid working medium tank 1 through the main pipe 5; a plurality of liquid working medium spray pipes 6, and the multiple liquid working medium spray pipes 6 are evenly arranged There are a plurality of liquid injection ports, which are vertically arranged on one side and/or both sides of the plurality of mounting plates 2 and communicate with the main pipe liquid distributor 4; Corresponding to the position; the liquid working medium sprayed on the high-power electrical device 3 by the liquid injection port returns to the liquid working medium tank 1 . Specifically, the nozzle 7 is connected to the liquid injection port, and the nozzle 7 is facing the high-power electric device 3 . This structure can spray the liquid on the high-power electric device 3 more accurately after spraying. In the embodiment of the present invention, the low-temperature insulating and heat-conducting liquid working medium in the liquid working medium tank 1 is directly sprayed on the high-power power device 3 through the liquid injection port, and the sprayed mist-like liquid heat-conducting working medium is combined with the high-power power device 3 The heating surface is in direct contact, and after absorbing the heat generated by it, it falls back into the liquid working medium tank 1. In this way, the liquid working medium continuously takes away the heat of the power device, and the cooling liquid working medium directly contacts the high-power power device that needs to be dissipated. There is no phase change in the heat transfer process, no intermediate medium and heat transfer conversion link, and the spray structure can be simpler, thereby saving costs, prolonging the service life of the device, and improving the cooling effect.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, a discontinuous working medium contact cooling system, the liquid working medium tank 1 communicates with the liquid receiving tanks located under the plurality of mounting plates 2, or the top of the liquid working medium tank 1 is Open structure, a plurality of mounting plates 2 are located above the liquid working medium tank, this open structure can directly receive the liquid sprayed on the high-power electric device, the system structure is simple, and the liquid working medium exchanges heat with the heating surface The area will increase, so the theoretical heat transfer efficiency will increase, the effective utilization rate of the liquid working medium will be higher, and the cooling efficiency will be improved.

Specifically, in the above-mentioned embodiment, the main pipe liquid distributor 4 is arranged horizontally, and a plurality of the liquid working medium spray pipes 6 are evenly distributed on the main pipe liquid distributor 4, and a plurality of the liquid working medium spray pipes One end of 6 is connected with it, and the other end is a blocking structure.

In some specific embodiments of the present invention, the liquid working medium pump 8 is also included, the liquid working medium pump 8 is located in the liquid working medium tank 1 and communicated with the manifold liquid distributor 4 through a pipeline; specifically, it also includes A filter 9 is installed at the front end of the liquid inlet of the liquid working medium pump 8 . By setting the liquid working medium pump and filter to ensure the circulation ability, ensure the purity of the liquid working medium, prevent impurities from damaging the pump body and blocking the nozzle, and have high adaptability and reliability.

In the above embodiment, a plurality of liquid working medium spray pipes 6 are evenly distributed around the high-power electric device 3 . The liquid spray can be sprayed and cooled from any sprayable surface of the high-power electric device 3 to improve the cooling efficiency.

In some embodiments of the present invention, specifically, a liquid working medium cooling device is further included, and the liquid working medium cooling device cools the working medium in the liquid working medium tank. The working fluid in the liquid working medium tank can be continuously cooled to ensure an effective heat exchange temperature difference (usually 5-10° C.) between the liquid working medium and the high-power electric device for effective cooling.

The above-mentioned liquid working medium cooling device can be realized in the following manner: first, as shown in Figure 1, the liquid cooling device includes a water chiller, and the water chiller includes a refrigerant compressor 10, a refrigerant delivery pipe 11 and a refrigerant return pipe 12 and Evaporator 13; the water outlet of the refrigerant compressor 10 communicates with one end of the evaporator 13 through the refrigerant delivery pipe 11, and the return port of the refrigerant compressor 10 communicates with the other end of the evaporator 13 through the refrigerant return pipe 12 ; The evaporator 13 is located in the liquid working medium tank 1 . Second, as shown in FIG. 3 , the liquid working medium cooling device is a cooling fin 14 installed outside the liquid working medium tank. Thirdly, as shown in FIG. 4 , the cooling device for the liquid working medium is provided with a fan 15 outside the cooling fins 14 installed outside the liquid working medium tank, and the fan 15 cools down the cooling fins 14 . Fourth, as shown in Figure 2, the liquid working medium cooling device includes a first heat exchange section 16 outside the liquid working medium box and a second heat exchange section 17 in the liquid working medium box, the first heat exchange section 16 The refrigerant outlet of the second heat exchange section 17 communicates with the refrigerant inlet of the second heat exchange section 17 through a pipeline, and a circulation pump may be provided on the pipeline, and the refrigerant outlet of the second heat exchange section 17 communicates with the refrigerant inlet of the first heat exchange section 16 through a pipeline, so The circulation pipelines of the first heat exchange section and the second heat exchange section may be water or other refrigerants, or air. Fourth, as shown in Figure 4, the liquid working medium cooling device includes a first heat exchange section 16 outside the liquid working medium box 1 and a second heat exchange section 17 in the liquid working medium box, the first heat exchange section The refrigerant outlet of 16 communicates with the refrigerant inlet of the second heat exchange section 17, the refrigerant outlet of the second heat exchange section 17 communicates with the refrigerant inlet of the first heat exchange section 16, and a fan is arranged outside the first heat exchange section 16 15 , the fan 15 cools down the first heat exchange section 16 .

According to an intermittent working medium contact cooling system shown in the embodiment of the present invention, the insulating and heat-conducting liquid working medium is one or more of natural mineral oil, silicone oil, vegetable oil, transformer oil, and heat-conducting oil. The above-mentioned liquid working medium must use a heat-conducting liquid working medium with good insulation to ensure the insulation of the working medium and avoid contact with high-power electrical devices for electrical conduction, which will cause damage to the device, and seriously cause the system to be scrapped. Liquid working fluid generally has a high thermal conductivity, and through spraying, it can directly contact the heating surface of the power device to dissipate heat, so that efficient heat dissipation can be achieved.

In the specific embodiment of the present invention, the high-power device can be: a switching device with a voltage level above 1200V and a current above 300A, including high-power diodes, thyristors, GTO, IGBT, IGCT, ETO, etc., or mosfets above 900V when running Power devices with severe heat generation; and high-power chips used in computers, servers, and LED lights. The cooling medium is used as the insulating liquid and the heat-conducting medium is a non-polar substance, which can directly spray the high-power electric devices without affecting the electronic and electrical equipment and circuits, and will not damage the hardware.

The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included in the protection of the present invention. within range.

Claims (9)

1. A discontinuous working medium contact cooling system, characterized in that it comprises a liquid working medium tank equipped with insulating and heat-conducting liquid working medium; A plurality of installation plates, the plurality of installation plates are located above the liquid working medium tank; A high-power electric device, the high-power electric device is installed on one side and/or both sides of the installation board; A liquid-absorbing layer, the liquid-absorbing layer is arranged on the outer surface of the high-power electric device; A main pipe liquid distributor, the main pipe liquid distributor communicates with the liquid working medium tank through the main pipeline; A plurality of liquid working medium spray pipes, a plurality of liquid working medium spray pipes are evenly arranged with a plurality of liquid spray ports, which are vertically arranged on one side and/or both sides of the plurality of mounting plates and communicate with the main pipe Liquid distributor; the injection direction of the liquid injection port corresponds to the position of the high-power electric device; the liquid working medium sprayed on the high-power electric device by the liquid injection port returns to the liquid working medium tank; The liquid-absorbing layer is a porous material, and the porous material partially or completely covers the high-power heating device. 2. An intermittent working medium contact cooling system according to claim 1, characterized in that it also includes a liquid working medium pump, the liquid working medium pump is located in the liquid working medium tank and communicates with the working medium through a pipeline The liquid distributor of the main pipe is connected. 3. The discontinuous working medium contact cooling system according to claim 1, further comprising a filter installed at the front end of the liquid inlet of the liquid working medium pump. 4. An intermittent working medium contact cooling system according to claim 1, characterized in that a plurality of said liquid working medium spray pipes are evenly distributed around said high-power electric device. 5. An intermittent working medium contact cooling system according to claim 1, characterized in that it also includes a liquid working medium cooling device, and the liquid working medium cooling device cools the working medium in the liquid working medium tank . 6. A discontinuous working medium contact cooling system according to claim 5, characterized in that the liquid working medium cooling device comprises a water chiller, and the water chiller comprises a refrigerant compressor, a refrigerant delivery pipe and a refrigerant return flow tube and evaporator; the water outlet of the refrigerant compressor communicates with one end of the evaporator through a refrigerant delivery pipe, and the return port of the refrigerant compressor communicates with the other end of the evaporator through a refrigerant return pipe; the evaporator Located in the liquid working medium box. 7. An intermittent working medium contact cooling system according to claim 5, characterized in that the liquid working medium cooling device is a cooling fin installed outside the liquid working medium tank. 8. An intermittent working medium contact cooling system according to claim 5, characterized in that the liquid working medium cooling device comprises a first heat exchange section located outside the liquid working medium tank and a first heat exchange section inside the liquid working medium tank In the second heat exchange section, the refrigerant outlet of the first heat exchange section communicates with the refrigerant inlet of the second heat exchange section, and the refrigerant outlet of the second heat exchange section communicates with the refrigerant inlet of the first heat exchange section. 9. A discontinuous working medium contact cooling system according to claim 1, characterized in that the insulating and heat-conducting liquid working medium is one of natural mineral oil, silicone oil, vegetable oil, transformer oil, and heat-conducting oil or any of several.