WO2017206734A1 - 发光单元及制作方法、显示面板及电子装置 - Google Patents

发光单元及制作方法、显示面板及电子装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017206734A1
WO2017206734A1 PCT/CN2017/085076 CN2017085076W WO2017206734A1 WO 2017206734 A1 WO2017206734 A1 WO 2017206734A1 CN 2017085076 W CN2017085076 W CN 2017085076W WO 2017206734 A1 WO2017206734 A1 WO 2017206734A1
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light
electrode
layer
light emitting
emitting layer
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
黄勇潮
丁远奎
程磊磊
何敏
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BOE Technology Group Co Ltd
Hefei Xinsheng Optoelectronics Technology Co Ltd
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BOE Technology Group Co Ltd
Hefei Xinsheng Optoelectronics Technology Co Ltd
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Priority to US15/567,816 priority Critical patent/US20180212182A1/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K85/00—Organic materials used in the body or electrodes of devices covered by this subclass
    • H10K85/20—Carbon compounds, e.g. carbon nanotubes or fullerenes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K50/00—Organic light-emitting devices
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K50/00—Organic light-emitting devices
    • H10K50/10—OLEDs or polymer light-emitting diodes [PLED]
    • H10K50/14—Carrier transporting layers
    • H10K50/15—Hole transporting layers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K50/00—Organic light-emitting devices
    • H10K50/10—OLEDs or polymer light-emitting diodes [PLED]
    • H10K50/14—Carrier transporting layers
    • H10K50/16—Electron transporting layers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K50/00—Organic light-emitting devices
    • H10K50/80—Constructional details
    • H10K50/805—Electrodes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K59/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K50/00—Organic light-emitting devices
    • H10K50/10—OLEDs or polymer light-emitting diodes [PLED]
    • H10K50/11—OLEDs or polymer light-emitting diodes [PLED] characterised by the electroluminescent [EL] layers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K50/00—Organic light-emitting devices
    • H10K50/10—OLEDs or polymer light-emitting diodes [PLED]
    • H10K50/17—Carrier injection layers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K50/00—Organic light-emitting devices
    • H10K50/10—OLEDs or polymer light-emitting diodes [PLED]
    • H10K50/17—Carrier injection layers
    • H10K50/171—Electron injection layers

Definitions

  • Embodiments of the present invention relate to a light emitting unit and a manufacturing method thereof, a display panel, and an electronic device.
  • Organic light-emitting display devices have been widely used due to their low power consumption and high resolution.
  • the organic light emitting display device includes a plurality of light emitting units, each of the light emitting units includes a first electrode, a second electrode, and a light emitting layer between the first electrode and the second electrode, and the first electrode and the second electrode are applied by an applied electric field
  • the electrodes respectively inject electrons and holes into the light-emitting layer, and the electrons and holes recombine in the light-emitting layer to cause the light-emitting layer to emit light.
  • the materials of the light-emitting layer are different, and the emitted colors are different. Some light-emitting layers can emit red light, some light-emitting layers can emit green light, and some light-emitting layers can emit blue light, thereby causing the display device to display a color picture.
  • An embodiment of the present invention provides a light emitting unit, the light emitting unit including: a first electrode, a second electrode, and a light emitting layer between the first electrode and the second electrode;
  • the material is a graphene material.
  • the graphene material is a graphene oxide material.
  • the light emitting unit further includes an electron transport layer and a hole transport layer; the electron transport layer is located between the light emitting layer and the first electrode, and the hole transport layer is located at the light emitting layer Between the second electrodes.
  • the light emitting unit further includes an electron injection layer and a hole injection layer; the electron injection layer is located between the electron transport layer and the first electrode, and the hole injection layer is located at the hole Between the transport layer and the second electrode, the material of the hole injection layer and the electron injection layer is a graphene material.
  • the graphene material of the hole injection layer, the graphene material of the electron injection layer, and the graphene material of the light-emitting layer are all different in oxidation degree.
  • the ratio of the number of oxygen atoms and carbon atoms of the graphene material of the hole injection layer is large
  • the ratio of the number of carbon atoms and oxygen atoms of the graphene material of the electron injecting layer is greater than or equal to 0.57 and less than or equal to 1 at or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 0.48.
  • the ratio of the number of carbon atoms and oxygen atoms of the graphene material of the light-emitting layer is greater than or equal to 0.5 and less than or equal to 0.77.
  • the illuminating layer when the voltage between the first electrode and the second electrode is 0-15 V, the illuminating layer emits a single wavelength of red light; when the first electrode and the second electrode When the voltage between 15 and 30 V is 15 to 30 V, the luminescent layer emits a single wavelength of green light; when the voltage between the first electrode and the second electrode is 35 to 50 V, the luminescent layer emits a single wavelength Blu-ray.
  • Another embodiment of the present invention provides a display panel including the light emitting unit.
  • Yet another embodiment of the present invention provides an electronic device, the display device including the light emitting unit.
  • Still another embodiment of the present invention provides a method of fabricating a light emitting unit, the method comprising: providing a first electrode and a second electrode; forming a light emitting layer between the first electrode and the second electrode,
  • the material of the light-emitting layer is a graphene material.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a light emitting unit according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a method for fabricating a light emitting unit according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a flow chart of a method for fabricating a light emitting unit according to Embodiment 5 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a display device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • first electrode 1 first electrode; 2 second electrode; 3 light-emitting layer; 4 electron transport layer; 5 hole transport layer; 6 electron injection layer;
  • the inventors of the present invention have found in research that among the light-emitting units of the organic light-emitting display device, the wavelength of light of a certain color emitted from the light-emitting layer is within a range of values, thereby making the color gamut of the light of the color lower. So that the color of the screen displayed by the display device is dim.
  • the wavelength of light of a certain color emitted from the light-emitting layer is within a range of values.
  • an AM-OLED (Active-Matrix Organic Light Emitting Diode) display device includes a plurality of light-emitting units, and some of the light-emitting units can emit red light, and the wavelengths of the red light emitted by the units are A variety of values, ranging from 600 nanometers to 700 nanometers; similarly, the wavelengths of green and blue light emitted by other light-emitting units are also within a range of values.
  • the wavelength of light of a certain color emitted by the light emitting layer of the light emitting unit of the organic light emitting display device is within a range of values, thus making the color gamut of the light of the color lower, and the display device displays
  • the present invention provides a light emitting unit that can be used in an organic light emitting display device. As shown in FIG. 1 , the light emitting unit includes: a first electrode 1 , a second electrode 2 , and a first electrode 1 . And a light-emitting layer 3 between the second electrode 2.
  • the first electrode 1 may be a cathode
  • the second electrode 2 may be an anode
  • electrons are transmitted to the light-emitting layer 3 through the cathode, and holes are transported to the light-emitting layer 3 through the anode.
  • the material of the light-emitting layer 3 is a graphene material.
  • a graphene material in which the graphene material of the light-emitting layer 3 is oxidized to some extent that is, graphene oxide.
  • the degree of oxidation of the graphene material can be controlled.
  • different driving voltages are applied to both sides of the light-emitting layer using the graphene material, holes and electrons respectively injected from the positive electrode and the negative electrode can be luminescent when combined in the graphene material, and a light-emitting layer of graphene material is used. Light of different colors can be emitted, and the emitted light is light of a single wavelength.
  • a graphene material can be selected as the material of the light-emitting layer 3, for example, a graphene material which is oxidized to some extent, and a certain degree of oxidation of the graphene material can be emitted by applying a different voltage to the graphene material oxidized to a certain extent. Red, green, or blue light of wavelength.
  • the light-emitting layer 3 of the light-emitting unit is prepared by using a graphene material, holes and electrons are injected into the light-emitting layer 3 through the first electrode 1 and the second electrode 2, and different voltages are applied to the light-emitting layer 3
  • the luminescent layer 3 can emit light of a single wavelength. This embodiment improves the color gamut of light with respect to light emitted by the light-emitting layer 3 of the organic light-emitting material in a range of values, so that the color of the display device is more vivid, and the user's experience is enhanced.
  • the ratio of the number of carbon atoms and oxygen atoms of the graphene material of the light-emitting layer 3 may be in a range of values greater than or equal to 0.5 and less than or equal to 0.77, for example, It is 0.5, 0.55, 0.6, 0.65, 0.7, 0.75 or 0.77.
  • the graphene in the present embodiment may be, for example, a commercially available product; the method for preparing graphene may include a micro mechanical peeling method, an epitaxial growth method, a graphite oxide reduction method, a vapor deposition method, or the like.
  • the preparation process of graphene oxide is relatively mature, for example, chemical methods include Brodie method, Staudenmaier method, Hummers method and the like.
  • the preparation principle of these methods is that graphite forms a first-order graphite intercalation compound under the action of strong acid and a small amount of strong oxidant, and then the inter-layer compound continues to undergo deep liquid phase oxidation reaction under the action of excess strong oxidant, and is obtained after hydrolysis.
  • Graphite oxide, and finally graphene oxide can be obtained by ultrasonic or a mixture of graphite oxide and water for a long time.
  • the degree of oxidation of the product and the synthesis process are related to the reaction time and can be measured by the atomic ratio of C and O.
  • the light emitting unit may further include The electron transport layer 4 and the hole transport layer 5 are disposed; the electron transport layer 4 is located between the light-emitting layer 3 and the first electrode 1, and the hole transport layer 5 is located between the light-emitting layer 3 and the second electrode 2.
  • the electron transport layer 4 and the hole transport layer 5 can adjust the injection rate and the injection amount of the electron and hole injection light-emitting layer 3, and can be prepared by using a known material, for example, the material of the hole transport layer includes An amine derivative, a material of an electron transport layer, a metal compound or an organic metal salt.
  • the light emitting unit may further include an electron injection layer 6 and a hole injection layer 7; the electron injection layer 6 is located between the electron transport layer 4 and the first electrode 1
  • the hole injection layer 7 is located between the hole transport layer 5 and the second electrode 2.
  • the material of the hole injection layer 7 and the electron injection layer 6 is a graphene material.
  • the materials of the hole injection layer 7 and the electron injection layer 6 may be other known materials.
  • the material of the hole injection layer includes, for example, a fluorocarbon, a Porphyrin derivative or a P.
  • the P-Doped amine derivative; the material of the electron injecting layer includes, for example, an alkali metal halide, an alkaline earth metal halide, an alkali metal oxide, or a metal carbonate compound.
  • the rate of electron and hole injection into the light emitting layer 3 can be increased, and the energy loss of electrons and holes during transport can be reduced. Increase the brightness of the display device.
  • the graphene material of the hole injection layer 7, the graphene material of the electron injection layer 6, and the graphene material of the light-emitting layer 3 may be different in oxidation degree.
  • the ratio of the number of carbon atoms and oxygen atoms of the graphene material of the light-emitting layer 3 is in a range of values greater than or equal to 0.5 and less than or equal to 0.77, if passing through the first electrode 1 and the second electrode 2
  • the light-emitting layer 3 can emit red light of a single wavelength; if the voltage applied to the light-emitting layer 3 through the first electrode 1 and the second electrode 2 is 15 to 30 V, the light is emitted.
  • the layer 3 emits green light of a single wavelength; if the voltage applied to the light-emitting layer 3 by the first electrode 1 and the second electrode 2 is 35 to 50 V, the light-emitting layer 3 can emit blue light of a single wavelength.
  • the luminescent layer 3 made of graphene material can emit light of a single wavelength of different colors by controlling the voltage applied to the luminescent layer 3 in the illuminating unit, respectively, by applying different colors to different illuminating units.
  • the voltage causes the plurality of light emitting units to emit light of different colors, thereby enabling the display device to realize color display.
  • the light-emitting unit of the embodiment of the present invention by using the graphene material as the light-emitting layer 3 of the light-emitting unit, holes and electrons are injected into the light-emitting layer 3 through the first electrode 1 and the second electrode 2, and when different light is applied to the light-emitting layer 3 When the voltage is applied, the light-emitting layer 3 can emit light of a single wavelength.
  • the embodiment of the present invention improves the color gamut of light with respect to light emitted by the luminescent layer 3 using an organic material within a certain numerical range, so that the color of the display device is more vivid, and the user's experience is enhanced.
  • hole injection layer 7 and the electron injection layer 6 of the light-emitting unit it is also possible to further use a graphene material as the hole injection layer 7 and the electron injection layer 6 of the light-emitting unit, and the degree of oxidation of the graphene material of the hole injection layer 7, the electron injection layer 6, and the light-emitting layer 3 is different, and graphite
  • the hole injection layer 7 and the electron injection layer 6 of the olefin material can increase the rate at which electrons and holes are injected into the light-emitting layer 3, reduce energy loss of electrons and holes during transport, and improve the brightness of the display device.
  • the thickness of the electron transport layer is approximately The thickness of the hole transport layer is approximately The thickness of the luminescent layer is approximately The thickness of the electron injecting layer is approximately The thickness of the hole injection layer is approximately
  • the embodiment of the invention provides a display panel, such as an OLED (Organic Light-Emitting Diode) display panel or an AMOLED display panel.
  • the display panel includes the light emitting unit described in the first embodiment.
  • holes and electrons are injected into the light-emitting layer 3 through the first electrode 1 and the second electrode 2 by using the graphene material as the light-emitting layer 3 of the light-emitting unit, when different light is applied to the light-emitting layer 3
  • the light-emitting layer 3 can emit light of a single wavelength.
  • the embodiment of the present invention improves the color gamut of light with respect to light emitted by the luminescent layer 3 using an organic material within a certain numerical range, so that the color of the display device is more vivid, and the user's experience is enhanced.
  • a graphene material as the hole injection layer 7 and the electron injection layer 6 of the light-emitting unit, and the degree of oxidation of the graphene material of the hole injection layer 7, the electron injection layer 6, and the light-emitting layer 3 is different, and graphite
  • the hole injection layer 7 and the electron injection layer 6 of the olefin material can enhance electrons and holes
  • the rate at which the luminescent layer 3 is injected reduces the energy loss of electrons and holes during transport and improves the brightness of the display device.
  • An embodiment of the present invention provides an electronic device, which may be, for example, a display device, a lighting device, or the like.
  • the display device provided by the embodiment of the present invention may be any product or component having a display function, such as a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a television, a display, a notebook computer, a digital photo frame, a navigator, and the like.
  • the illumination device provided by the embodiment of the present invention can be used for, for example, a backlight module of a liquid crystal display device, a lamp for decoration or illumination, or the like.
  • the display device includes the light emitting unit described in the first embodiment.
  • the electronic device of the embodiment of the invention by using the graphene material as the light-emitting layer 3 of the light-emitting unit, holes and electrons are injected into the light-emitting layer 3 through the first electrode 1 and the second electrode 2, when different light is applied to the light-emitting layer 3 When the voltage is applied, the light-emitting layer 3 can emit light of a single wavelength.
  • the embodiment of the present invention improves the color gamut of the light with respect to the light emitted by the luminescent layer 3 using the organic material within a certain numerical range, so that the color of the display device is more vivid and the user's experience is enhanced.
  • a graphene material may be further used as the hole injection layer 7 and the electron injection layer 6 of the light-emitting unit, and the degree of oxidation of the graphene material of the hole injection layer 7, the electron injection layer 6, and the light-emitting layer 3 is different, and graphite
  • the hole injection layer 7 and the electron injection layer 6 of the olefin material can increase the rate at which electrons and holes are injected into the light-emitting layer 3, reduce energy loss of electrons and holes during transport, and improve the brightness of the display device.
  • the display device may include a data driving circuit 106 and a gate driving circuit 107 for respectively providing a data signal and a gate signal.
  • the display device includes a plurality of pixels 108 arranged in an array, the data driving circuit 106 is electrically connected to the pixels 108 through the data lines 161, and the gate driving circuit 107 is electrically connected to the pixels 108 through the gate lines 171.
  • Different pixels 108 may be applied with a desired voltage to emit different colors of light (eg, red, green, or blue light, or white light) when selected through respective gate lines 171 and data lines 161.
  • the driving voltage applied to the red pixel is 0 to 15 V; the voltage applied to the green pixel is 15 to 30 V; and the voltage applied to the blue pixel is 35 to 50 V.
  • An embodiment of the present invention provides a method for fabricating a light emitting unit. As shown in FIG. 2, an example of the method includes:
  • Step 101 providing a first electrode 1 on which a light-emitting layer 3 is formed, the light-emitting layer 3
  • the material is a graphene material
  • Step 102 Forming the second electrode 2 on the light-emitting layer 3.
  • the light-emitting unit according to the embodiment can be fabricated, for example, on a substrate such as glass or plastic.
  • the buffer layer and the circuit layer can be prepared (for example, including a switching transistor, a driving transistor, and a storage capacitor). And other circuit structures) and so on.
  • the first electrode 1 may be a cathode
  • the second electrode 2 may be an anode
  • electrons and holes are respectively transmitted to the light-emitting layer 3 through the first electrode 1 and the second electrode 2
  • a graphene material is selected as the cathode.
  • the material of the light-emitting layer 3 is, for example, a graphene material which is oxidized to some extent. For example, by applying a different voltage to a graphene material oxidized to a certain extent, the graphene material can emit a single wavelength of red light, green light, or blue light.
  • the anode and cathode can be prepared using known materials.
  • the anode may include a material such as tin oxide (SnO 2 ), indium tin oxide (ITO), or the like;
  • the cathode may include a material such as an active metal of Li, Mg, Ca, or the like, and an alloy of a metal such as Ag, Al, In, or the like.
  • a graphene slurry may be prepared using an organic solvent, a graphene paste may be coated on a structure on which a base substrate has been formed to form a film, or may be applied to a substrate by inkjet printing.
  • the ratio of the number of carbon atoms and oxygen atoms of the graphene material of the light-emitting layer 3 may be in a range of values greater than or equal to 0.5 and less than or equal to 0.77.
  • the light-emitting unit of the embodiment of the invention holes and electrons are injected into the light-emitting layer 3 through the first electrode 1 and the second electrode 2 by using the graphene material as the light-emitting layer 3 of the light-emitting unit.
  • the light-emitting layer 3 can emit light of a single wavelength, and the embodiment of the present invention is improved with respect to light of a wavelength range of a certain numerical range emitted from the light-emitting layer 3 using the organic material.
  • the color gamut of the light makes the color of the display device more vivid and enhances the user experience.
  • An embodiment of the present invention provides a method for fabricating a light emitting unit. As shown in FIG. 3, an example of the method includes:
  • Step 201 providing a first electrode 1, forming an electron injection layer 6 on the first electrode 1, wherein the material of the electron injection layer 6 is a graphene material;
  • the first electrode 1 may be a cathode, and the cathode transmits electrons to the electron injection layer 6.
  • a graphene material is selected as the material of the light-emitting layer 3, for example, a stone which is oxidized to some extent is selected. Ink materials.
  • the ratio of the number of carbon atoms and oxygen atoms of the graphene material of the electron injecting layer 6 may be in a range of greater than or equal to 0.57 and less than or equal to 1.
  • the first electrode 1 of a certain illuminating unit may be formed on the array substrate 8, and the first electrode 1 is passed through.
  • the holes are electrically connected to electrodes (eg, drains) of a certain transistor on the array substrate.
  • Step 202 Form an electron transport layer 4 on the electron injection layer 6.
  • the electron injection layer 6 is used to inject electrons into the electron transport layer 4.
  • Step 203 forming a light-emitting layer 3 on the electron transport layer 4, and the material of the light-emitting layer 3 is a graphene material.
  • the electron transport layer 4 is used to transport electrons to the light-emitting layer 3.
  • a graphene material oxidized to a certain extent may be used as the light-emitting layer 3.
  • the graphene material emits a single wavelength of red light, green light or blue light.
  • the ratio of the number of carbon atoms and oxygen atoms oxidized to a certain extent of the graphene material may be in a range of values greater than or equal to 0.5 and less than or equal to 0.77.
  • Step 204 Form a hole transport layer 5 on the light-emitting layer 3.
  • the hole transport layer 5 is used to transport holes to the light-emitting layer 3;
  • Step 205 forming a hole injection layer 7 on the hole transport layer 5, wherein the material of the hole injection layer 7 is a graphene material.
  • the ratio of the number of oxygen atoms and carbon atoms of the graphene material of the hole injection layer 7 may be in a range of greater than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 0.48.
  • the hole injection layer 7 is used to inject holes into the hole transport layer 5.
  • Step 206 Forming the second electrode 2 on the hole injection layer 7.
  • the second electrode 2 may be an anode for transporting holes into the hole injection layer 7.
  • the light-emitting unit of the embodiment of the present invention by using the graphene material as the light-emitting layer 3 of the light-emitting unit, holes and electrons are injected into the light-emitting layer 3 through the first electrode 1 and the second electrode 2, and when different light is applied to the light-emitting layer 3 When the voltage is applied, the light-emitting layer 3 can emit light of a single wavelength, and the light of the wavelength of a certain range of values emitted by the light-emitting layer 3 using the organic material is The embodiment improves the color gamut of the light, making the color of the display device more vivid and improving the user experience.
  • a graphene material may be further used as the hole injection layer 7 and the electron injection layer 6 of the light-emitting unit, and the degree of oxidation of the graphene material of the hole injection layer 7, the electron injection layer 6, and the light-emitting layer 3 is different, and graphite
  • the hole injection layer 7 and the electron injection layer 6 of the olefin material can increase the rate at which electrons and holes are injected into the light-emitting layer 3, reduce energy loss of electrons and holes during transport, and improve the brightness of the display device.

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Abstract

一种发光单元及制作方法、显示面板及电子装置。所述发光单元包括：第一电极（1）、第二电极（2）以及位于第一电极（1）和第二电极（2）之间的发光层（3）；发光层（3）的材料为石墨烯材料。该发光单元的发光层可以发出单一波长的光，相对于发光层发出的在一定数值范围内的波长的光来说，提高了光的色域，使得显示装置的颜色更加鲜艳，提升了用户的体验效果。

Description

发光单元及制作方法、显示面板及电子装置 技术领域
本发明的实施例涉及一种发光单元及制作方法、显示面板及电子装置。
背景技术
有机发光显示装置因其具有低功耗、高分辨率得到了广泛的应用。有机发光显示装置包括多个发光单元，每个发光单元包括第一电极、第二电极和位于第一电极与第二电极之间的发光层，在外加电场的作用下，第一电极和第二电极分别向发光层注入电子和空穴，电子和空穴在发光层中复合使得发光层发光。发光层的材料不同，所发出的颜色不同，有的发光层可以发出红光、有的发光层可以发出绿光、有的发光层可以发出蓝光，进而使得显示装置显示出彩色画面。
发明内容
本发明的一个实施例提供了一种发光单元，所述发光单元包括：第一电极、第二电极以及位于所述第一电极和所述第二电极之间的发光层；所述发光层的材料为石墨烯材料。
可选地，例如所述石墨烯材料是氧化石墨烯材料。
可选地，所述发光单元还包括电子传输层和空穴传输层；所述电子传输层位于所述发光层与所述第一电极之间，所述空穴传输层位于所述发光层与所述第二电极之间。
可选地，所述发光单元还包括电子注入层和空穴注入层；所述电子注入层位于所述电子传输层与所述第一电极之间，所述空穴注入层位于所述空穴传输层与所述第二电极之间，所述空穴注入层和所述电子注入层的材料为石墨烯材料。
可选地，所述空穴注入层的石墨烯材料、所述电子注入层的石墨烯材料以及所述发光层的石墨烯材料的氧化程度均不同。
可选地，所述空穴注入层的石墨烯材料的氧原子和碳原子的数量比值大 于或等于0且小于或等于0.48，所述电子注入层的石墨烯材料的碳原子和氧原子的数量比值大于或等于0.57且小于或等于1。
可选地，所述发光层的石墨烯材料的碳原子和氧原子的数量比值大于或等于0.5且小于或等于0.77。
可选地，当所述第一电极与所述第二电极之间的电压为0～15V时，所述发光层发出单一波长的红光；当所述第一电极与所述第二电极之间的电压为15～30V时，所述发光层发出单一波长的绿光；当所述第一电极与所述第二电极之间的电压为35～50V时，所述发光层发出单一波长的蓝光。
本发明的另一个实施例提供了一种显示面板，所述显示面板包括所述发光单元。
本发明的再一个实施例提供了一种电子装置，所述显示装置包括所述发光单元。
本发明的再一个实施例提供一种发光单元的制作方法，所述方法包括：提供第一电极和第二电极；在所述第一电极和所述第二电极之间形成发光层，所述发光层的材料为石墨烯材料。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例的技术方案，下面将对实施例的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅涉及本发明的一些实施例，而非对本发明的限制。
图1是本发明实施例一提供的一种发光单元的结构示意图；
图2是本发明实施例四提供的一种发光单元的制作方法流程图；
图3是本发明实施例五提供的一种发光单元的制作方法流程图；
图4为本发明实施例提供的一种显示装置的结构示意图。
附图标记：
1第一电极；2第二电极；3发光层；4电子传输层；5空穴传输层；6电子注入层；7空穴注入层。
具体实施方式
为使本发明实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合本发 明实施例的附图，对本发明实施例的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述。显然，所描述的实施例是本发明的一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于所描述的本发明的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在无需创造性劳动的前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
除非另作定义，此处使用的技术术语或者科学术语应当为本发明所属领域内具有一般技能的人士所理解的通常意义。本公开中使用的“第一”、“第二”以及类似的词语并不表示任何顺序、数量或者重要性，而只是用来区分不同的组成部分。同样，“包括”或者“包含”等类似的词语意指出现该词前面的元件或者物件涵盖出现在该词后面列举的元件或者物件及其等同，而不排除其他元件或者物件。“连接”或者“相连”等类似的词语并非限定于物理的或者机械的连接，而是可以包括电性的连接，不管是直接的还是间接的。“上”、“下”、“左”、“右”等仅用于表示相对位置关系，当被描述对象的绝对位置改变后，则该相对位置关系也可能相应地改变。
本发明的发明人在研究中发现，在有机发光显示装置的发光单元之中，发光层发出的某一颜色的光的波长是在一个数值范围内，因此使得该颜色的光的色域较低，使得显示装置显示的画面的颜色暗淡。
为使本发明的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合附图对本发明实施方式作进一步地详细描述。
实施例一
在本实施例的有机发光显示装置的发光单元中，发光层发出的某一颜色的光的波长是在一个数值范围内。例如，某一AMOLED(Active-matrix organic light emitting diode，有源矩阵有机发光二极管)显示装置中包括多个发光单元，其中某些发光单元可以发出红色的光，这些单元发出的红色光的波长有多种数值，数值范围在600纳米至700纳米之间；同理，其他发光单元发出的绿色光和蓝色光的波长也是在一个数值范围内。这使得红色光、绿色光以及蓝色光的色域较低，因此红色光、绿色光以及蓝色光的颜色较暗淡，由红色光、绿色光以及蓝色光混合出的光的颜色也较暗淡，使得显示装置显示的画面的颜色暗淡。
针对有机发光显示装置的发光单元的发光层发出的某一颜色的光的波长是在一个数值范围内，因此使得该颜色的光的色域较低，且显示装置显示的 画面的颜色暗淡的问题，本发明实施例提供了一种发光单元，可用于有机发光显示装置，如图1所示，发光单元包括：第一电极1、第二电极2以及位于第一电极1和第二电极2之间的发光层3。在本发明实施例中，第一电极1可以为阴极，第二电极2可以为阳极，通过阴极向发光层3传输电子，通过阳极向发光层3传输空穴。发光层3的材料为石墨烯材料。
例如，发光层3的石墨烯材料被一定程度氧化的石墨烯材料，即氧化石墨烯。对石墨烯材料进行氧化时，可以控制石墨烯材料的氧化程度。在向使用石墨烯材料的发光层的两侧施加不同的驱动电压时，由正极和负极分别注入的空穴和电子可以在石墨烯材料中复合时，可以发光，而且使用石墨烯材料的发光层可发出不同颜色的光，且发出的光为某一个单一波长的光。因此，可以选用石墨烯材料作为发光层3的材料，例如被一定程度氧化的石墨烯材料，通过向氧化了一定程度的石墨烯材料施加不同的电压，该一定程度氧化的石墨烯材料可发出单一波长的红色光、绿色光或者蓝色光。
在本发明实施例中，通过使用石墨烯材料来制备发光单元的发光层3，通过第一电极1以及第二电极2向发光层3注入空穴和电子，当向发光层3施加不同的电压时，发光层3可以发出单一波长的光。相对于使用有机发光材料的发光层3发出的在一定数值范围内的波长的光来说，该实施例提高了光的色域，使得显示装置的颜色更加鲜艳，提升用户的体验效果。
在本发明实施例中，通过控制石墨烯的氧化程度，使发光层3的石墨烯材料的碳原子和氧原子的数量比值可以在大于或等于0.5且小于或等于0.77的数值范围内，例如可以为0.5、0.55、0.6、0.65、0.7、0.75或者0.77。
本实施例中石墨烯例如可以采用市售的产品；石墨烯的制备方法可以有微机械剥离法、外延生长法、氧化石墨还原法和气相沉积法等。目前，氧化石墨烯的制备工艺相对成熟，例如化学方法包括Brodie法、Staudenmaier法、Hummers法等。这些方法的制备原理是将石墨在强酸和少量强氧化剂的共同作用下形成1阶的石墨层间化合物，然后此层间化合物在过量强氧化剂的作用下继续发生深度液相氧化反应，水解后得到氧化石墨，最后通过超声或者长时间搅拌氧化石墨和水的混合物即可获得氧化石墨烯。产物的氧化程度及合成工艺与反应时间有关，可以通过C、O的原子比进行衡量。
如图1所示，在本发明实施例的一个示例中，发光单元还可以进一步包 括电子传输层4和空穴传输层5；电子传输层4位于发光层3与第一电极1之间，空穴传输层5位于发光层3与第二电极2之间。
在本发明实施例中，电子传输层4和空穴传输层5可以调节电子和空穴注入发光层3的注入速率和注入量，可以采用已知的材料制备，例如空穴传输层的材料包括胺类衍生物，电子传输层的材料金属化合物或有机金属盐类等。
如图1所示，在本发明实施例的另一个示例中，发光单元还可以进一步包括电子注入层6和空穴注入层7；电子注入层6位于电子传输层4与第一电极1之间，空穴注入层7位于空穴传输层5与第二电极2之间。例如，空穴注入层7和电子注入层6的材料为石墨烯材料。除此之外，空穴注入层7和电子注入层6的材料也可以采用其他已知的材料，例如，空穴注入层的材料例如包括氟碳氢化合物、卟啉(Porphyrin)衍生物或P型掺杂(P-Doped)胺类衍生物；电子注入层的材料例如包括碱金属卤化物、碱土金属卤化物、碱金属氧化物、或金属碳酸化合物。
在本发明实施例中，通过使用石墨烯材料作为电子注入层6和空穴注入层7，可以提高电子和空穴注入发光层3的速率，减少电子和空穴在传输过程中的能量损失，提高显示装置的亮度。
例如，空穴注入层7的石墨烯材料、电子注入层6的石墨烯材料以及发光层3的石墨烯材料的氧化程度可以均不同。
在本发明实施例中，空穴注入层7的石墨烯材料的氧原子和碳原子的数量比值可以大于或等于0且小于或等于0.48，例如可以为0、0.05、0.1、0.15、0.20、0.25、0.3、0.35、0.4、0.45或者0.48；电子注入层6的石墨烯材料的碳原子和氧原子的数量比值可以大于或等于0.57且小于或等于1，例如可以为0.57、0.6、0.65、0.7、0.75、0.8、0.85、0.9或者1。
在本发明实施例中，当发光层3的石墨烯材料的碳原子和氧原子的数量比值在大于或等于0.5且小于或等于0.77的数值范围内时，若通过第一电极1与第二电极2施加给发光层3的电压为0～15V时，发光层3可以发出单一波长的红光；若通过第一电极1与第二电极2施加给发光层3的电压为15～30V时，发光层3发出单一波长的绿光；若通过第一电极1与第二电极2施加给发光层3的电压为35～50V时，发光层3可以发出单一波长的蓝光。
在本发明实施例中，可以分别通过控制施加给发光单元中的发光层3的电压，来使石墨烯材料制作的发光层3发出不同颜色的单一波长的光，通过对不同的发光单元施加不同的电压，使得多个发光单元发出不同颜色的光，进而使得显示装置实现彩色显示。
在本发明实施例的发光单元中，通过使用石墨烯材料作为发光单元的发光层3，通过第一电极1以及第二电极2向发光层3注入空穴和电子，当向发光层3施加不同的电压时，发光层3可以发出单一波长的光。相对于使用有机材料的发光层3发出的在一定数值范围内的波长的光来说，本发明的实施例提高了光的色域，使得显示装置的颜色更加鲜艳，提升用户的体验效果。此外，还可以进一步使用石墨烯材料作为发光单元的空穴注入层7和电子注入层6，且空穴注入层7、电子注入层6以及发光层3的石墨烯材料的氧化程度均不同，石墨烯材料的空穴注入层7和电子注入层6可以提高电子和空穴注入发光层3的速率，减少电子和空穴在传输过程中的能量损失，提高显示装置的亮度。
在本公开的实施例中，例如，电子传输层的厚度范围约为
Figure PCTCN2017085076-appb-000001
空穴传输层的厚度范围约为
Figure PCTCN2017085076-appb-000002
发光层的厚度范围约为
Figure PCTCN2017085076-appb-000003
电子注入层的厚度范围约为
Figure PCTCN2017085076-appb-000004
空穴注入层的厚度范围约为
Figure PCTCN2017085076-appb-000005
实施例二
本发明实施例提供了一种显示面板，例如OLED(Organic Light-Emitting Diode，有机发光二极管)显示面板或者AMOLED显示面板。该显示面板包括实施例一中描述的发光单元。
在本发明实施例的显示面板中，通过使用石墨烯材料作为发光单元的发光层3，通过第一电极1以及第二电极2向发光层3注入空穴和电子，当向发光层3施加不同的电压时，发光层3可以发出单一波长的光。相对于使用有机材料的发光层3发出的在一定数值范围内的波长的光来说，本发明的实施例提高了光的色域，使得显示装置的颜色更加鲜艳，提升用户的体验效果。此外，还可以进一步使用石墨烯材料作为发光单元的空穴注入层7和电子注入层6，且空穴注入层7、电子注入层6以及发光层3的石墨烯材料的氧化程度均不同，石墨烯材料的空穴注入层7和电子注入层6可以提高电子和空穴 注入发光层3的速率，减少电子和空穴在传输过程中的能量损失，提高显示装置的亮度。
实施例三
本发明实施例提供了一种电子装置，该电子装置例如可以为显示装置、照明装置等。本发明实施例提供的显示装置可以为手机、平板电脑、电视机、显示器、笔记本电脑、数码相框、导航仪等任何具有显示功能的产品或部件。本发明实施例提供的照明装置可以用于例如液晶显示装置的背光模块、装饰或照明用的灯等。该显示装置包括实施例一中描述的发光单元。
在本发明实施例的电子装置中，通过使用石墨烯材料作为发光单元的发光层3，通过第一电极1以及第二电极2向发光层3注入空穴和电子，当向发光层3施加不同的电压时，发光层3可以发出单一波长的光。相对于使用有机材料的发光层3发出的在一定数值范围内的波长的光来说，本发明的实施例，提高了光的色域，使得显示装置的颜色更加鲜艳，提升用户的体验效果。另外，还可以进一步使用石墨烯材料作为发光单元的空穴注入层7和电子注入层6，且空穴注入层7、电子注入层6以及发光层3的石墨烯材料的氧化程度均不同，石墨烯材料的空穴注入层7和电子注入层6可以提高电子和空穴注入发光层3的速率，减少电子和空穴在传输过程中的能量损失，提高显示装置的亮度。
如图4所示，该显示装置可以包括数据驱动电路106和栅极驱动电路107，以用于分别提供数据信号和栅极信号。该显示装置包括排列为阵列的多个像素108，数据驱动电路106通过数据线161与像素108电连接，栅极驱动电路107通过栅线171与像素108电连接。不同的像素108可以在通过相应的栅线171和数据线161被选中时被施加需要的电压以发出不同颜色的光(例如红、绿或蓝光，或者白光)。例如，对于红色像素施加的驱动电压为0～15V；对于绿色像素施加的电压为15～30V；对于蓝色像素施加的电压为35～50V。
实施例四
本发明实施例提供了一种发光单元的制作方法，如图2所示，该方法的一个示例包括：
步骤101：提供第一电极1，在第一电极1上形成发光层3，发光层3的 材料为石墨烯材料；
步骤102：在发光层3上形成第二电极2。
根据本实施例的发光单元例如可以在玻璃、塑料等衬底基板上制作，衬底基板上在制作发光单元之前，可以已经制备了缓冲层、电路层(例如包括开关晶体管、驱动晶体管、存储电容等电路结构)等。在本发明实施例中，第一电极1可以为阴极，第二电极2可以为阳极，通过第一电极1以及第二电极2分别向发光层3中传输电子和空穴，选用石墨烯材料作为发光层3的材料，例如选用被一定程度氧化的石墨烯材料。例如，通过向氧化了一定程度的石墨烯材料施加不同的电压，可以使石墨烯材料发出单一波长的红色光、绿色光或者蓝色光。
阳极和阴极可以采用已知的材料制备。例如，阳极可以包括氧化锡(SnO2)、氧化铟锡(ITO)等材料；阴极可以包括Li、Mg、Ca等的活泼金属与诸如Ag、Al、In等的金属的合金等材料。
为了施加石墨烯，可以先使用有机溶剂准备石墨烯浆料，将石墨烯浆料涂覆在衬底基板已形成的结构上形成薄膜，也可以通过喷墨打印的方式施加到衬底基板上。
在本发明实施例中，发光层3的石墨烯材料的碳原子和氧原子的数量比值可以在大于或等于0.5且小于或等于0.77的数值范围内。
在本发明实施例的发光单元中，通过使用石墨烯材料作为发光单元的发光层3，通过第一电极1以及第二电极2向发光层3注入空穴和电子。当向发光层3施加不同的电压时，发光层3可以发出单一波长的光，相对于使用有机材料的发光层3发出的在一定数值范围的波长的光来说，本发明的实施例提高了光的色域，使得显示装置的颜色更加鲜艳，提升用户的体验效果。
实施例五
本发明实施例提供了一种发光单元的制作方法，如图3所示，该方法的一个示例包括：
步骤201：提供第一电极1，在第一电极1上形成电子注入层6，其中，电子注入层6的材料为石墨烯材料；
在本发明实施例中，第一电极1可以为阴极，阴极向电子注入层6传输电子。选用石墨烯材料作为发光层3的材料，例如选用被一定程度氧化的石 墨烯材料。
在本发明实施例中，电子注入层6的石墨烯材料的碳原子和氧原子的数量比值可以在大于或等于0.57且小于或等于1的范围内。
在本发明实施例中，若发光单元用来制作AMOLED显示装置，如图1所示，则可以将某个发光单元的第一电极1形成在阵列基板8上，且使第一电极1通过过孔与阵列基板上的某个晶体管的电极(例如漏极)电连接。
步骤202：在电子注入层6上形成电子传输层4。
在本发明实施例中，电子注入层6用于将电子注入至电子传输层4。
步骤203：在电子传输层4上形成发光层3，发光层3的材料为石墨烯材料。
在本发明实施例中，电子传输层4用于将电子传输至发光层3。
在本发明实施例中，可以用氧化了一定程度的石墨烯材料作为发光层3，当向石墨烯材料施加不同的驱动电压时，石墨烯材料会发出单一波长的红色光、绿色光或者蓝色光。
在本发明实施例中，氧化了一定程度的石墨烯材料的碳原子和氧原子的数量比值可以在大于或等于0.5且小于或等于0.77的数值范围内。
步骤204：在发光层3上形成空穴传输层5。
空穴传输层5用于将空穴传输至发光层3；
步骤205：在空穴传输层5上形成空穴注入层7，其中，空穴注入层7的材料为石墨烯材料。
在本发明实施例中，空穴注入层7的石墨烯材料的氧原子和碳原子的数量比值可以在大于或等于0且小于或等于0.48的范围内。
在本发明实施例中，空穴注入层7用于将空穴注入至空穴传输层5。
步骤206：在空穴注入层7上形成第二电极2。
在本发明实施例中，第二电极2可以为阳极，该阳极用于将空穴传输至空穴注入层7内。
在本发明实施例的发光单元中，通过使用石墨烯材料作为发光单元的发光层3，通过第一电极1以及第二电极2向发光层3注入空穴和电子，当向发光层3施加不同的电压时，发光层3可以发出单一波长的光，相对于使用有机材料的发光层3发出的在一定数值范围内的波长的光来说，本发明的实 施例提高了光的色域，使得显示装置的颜色更加鲜艳，提升用户的体验效果。另外，还可以进一步使用石墨烯材料作为发光单元的空穴注入层7和电子注入层6，且空穴注入层7、电子注入层6以及发光层3的石墨烯材料的氧化程度均不同，石墨烯材料的空穴注入层7和电子注入层6可以提高电子和空穴注入发光层3的速率，减少电子和空穴在传输过程中的能量损失，提高显示装置的亮度。
以上所述仅为本发明的示范性实施例，并不用以限制本发明，凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进以及实施例之间的组合等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
本申请要求于2016年5月30日递交的中国专利申请第201610371608.4号的优先权，在此全文引用上述中国专利申请公开的内容以作为本申请的一部分。

Claims (11)

  1. 一种发光单元，包括：第一电极、第二电极以及位于所述第一电极和所述第二电极之间的发光层；
    所述发光层的材料为石墨烯材料。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的发光单元，其中，所述石墨烯为氧化石墨烯。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的发光单元，还包括电子传输层和空穴传输层；
    所述电子传输层位于所述发光层与所述第一电极之间，所述空穴传输层位于所述发光层与所述第二电极之间。
  4. 根据权利要求1-3任一所述的发光单元，还包括电子注入层和空穴注入层；
    所述电子注入层位于所述电子传输层与所述第一电极之间，所述空穴注入层位于所述空穴传输层与所述第二电极之间，所述空穴注入层和所述电子注入层的材料为石墨烯材料。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的发光单元，其中，所述空穴注入层的石墨烯材料、所述电子注入层的石墨烯材料以及所述发光层的石墨烯材料的氧化程度均不同。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的发光单元，其中，
    所述空穴注入层的石墨烯材料的氧原子和碳原子的数量比值大于或等于0且小于或等于0.48，所述电子注入层的石墨烯材料的碳原子和氧原子的数量比值大于或等于0.57且小于或等于1。
  7. 根据权利要求2所述的发光单元，其中，所述发光层的石墨烯材料的碳原子和氧原子的数量比值大于或等于0.5且小于或等于0.77。
  8. 根据权利要求1-7任一项权利要求所述的发光单元，其中，
    当所述第一电极与所述第二电极之间的电压为0～15V时，所述发光层发出单一波长的红光；
    当所述第一电极与所述第二电极之间的电压为15～30V时，所述发光层发出单一波长的绿光；
    当所述第一电极与所述第二电极之间的电压为35～50V时，所述发光层 发出单一波长的蓝光。
  9. 一种显示面板，包括权利要求1-8任一项权利要求所述的发光单元。
  10. 一种电子装置，包括权利要求1-8任一项权利要求所述的发光单元。
  11. 一种发光单元的制作方法，所述方法包括：
    提供第一电极和第二电极；
    在所述第一电极和所述第二电极之间形成发光层，所述发光层的材料为石墨烯材料。
PCT/CN2017/085076 2016-05-30 2017-05-19 发光单元及制作方法、显示面板及电子装置 Ceased WO2017206734A1 (zh)

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