WO2017206442A1 - 一种熔喷复合纳米抗菌超柔软非织造材料及制备方法 - Google Patents

一种熔喷复合纳米抗菌超柔软非织造材料及制备方法 Download PDF

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WO2017206442A1
WO2017206442A1 PCT/CN2016/105639 CN2016105639W WO2017206442A1 WO 2017206442 A1 WO2017206442 A1 WO 2017206442A1 CN 2016105639 W CN2016105639 W CN 2016105639W WO 2017206442 A1 WO2017206442 A1 WO 2017206442A1
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antibacterial
layer
nanofiber
meltblown
nano
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PCT/CN2016/105639
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English (en)
French (fr)
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邱邦胜
黄肖瑶
王媛媛
葛杨
曹克静
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江苏盛纺纳米材料科技股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2017206442A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017206442A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/02—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin in the form of fibres or filaments
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/22—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed
    • B32B5/24—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/26—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer another layer next to it also being fibrous or filamentary
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/12—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin next to a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/18—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin characterised by the use of special additives
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/22—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed
    • B32B5/30—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being formed of particles, e.g. chips, granules, powder
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/02—Synthetic macromolecular fibres
    • B32B2262/0253—Polyolefin fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2264/00—Composition or properties of particles which form a particulate layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2264/10—Inorganic particles
    • B32B2264/102—Oxide or hydroxide
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/70—Other properties
    • B32B2307/71—Resistive to light or to UV
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/70—Other properties
    • B32B2307/714—Inert, i.e. inert to chemical degradation, corrosion
    • B32B2307/7145—Rot proof, resistant to bacteria, mildew, mould, fungi
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/70—Other properties
    • B32B2307/728—Hydrophilic

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the field of non-woven materials, and in particular relates to a melt-blown composite nano antibacterial ultra-soft non-woven material and a preparation method thereof.
  • Nonwoven materials are also known as nonwovens, nonwovens, nonwovens, nonwovens or nonwovens.
  • Nonwoven technology is a material processing technology that originates from textiles but transcends textiles. No matter in aerospace technology, environmental protection, agricultural technology, medical care or people's daily life, non-woven new materials have become an increasingly important and important product. While gradually accepting the quality and performance of non-woven materials, various application fields have also proposed more functional requirements. Today, as health and environmental protection are increasingly valued, antibacterial and antibacterial elements are gradually integrated into people's lives.
  • the antibacterial nonwoven material is prepared by a post-finishing method, that is, various antibacterial materials and water-based resins, fillers, and the like are formulated into a finishing liquid for the surface-pretreated or untreated nonwoven fabric.
  • the post-finishing method is applicable to a variety of antibacterial materials, the antibacterial finishing process is flexible, and the cost is economical, but the anti-vibration durability of the product obtained by the treatment method is poor, it is not resistant to washing and rubbing, and the prepared antibacterial non-woven material is prepared. Feel bad.
  • one of the objects of the present invention is to provide a meltblown composite nano antibacterial ultra-soft non-woven material which has long antibacterial effect, good softness, good comfort and excellent anti-UV performance.
  • a meltblown composite nano antibacterial ultra-soft nonwoven material comprising a first flexible meltblown layer, a first nanofiber antibacterial layer, a nanofiber hydrophilic layer, a second nanofiber antibacterial layer, which are arranged in order from top to bottom,
  • the second flexible meltblown layer, the first nanofiber antibacterial layer and the second nanofiber antibacterial layer are each formed by alternately laminating a nanometer titanium dioxide material layer and a nanofiber antibacterial material layer.
  • the melt-blown spinning process is prepared.
  • the melt-blown method is a microfiber-laid melt-blown nonwoven fabric composed of ultrafine fibers having a diameter of 4 ⁇ m or less, so that the obtained nonwoven fabric has a soft hand-feeling property.
  • the meltblown polymer nonwoven fabric has good integrity due to the thermal attraction of the fibers to each other and the surface attraction between the microfibers.
  • the ultrafine polymer filter material has high filtration efficiency, low resistance and certain high temperature resistance, acid and alkali resistance, moisture resistance and organic solvent resistance.
  • the melt-blown nonwoven material is produced by melting a polymer chip through a screw extruder, ejecting it into a fibrous shape through a spinning hole, and blowing it under a high-speed (13,000 m/min) hot gas stream. It is strongly stretched to form very fine short fibers. These short fibers are adsorbed on the mesh curtain. Since the fibers are condensed into a net, the temperature can be maintained at a high temperature, so that the fibers adhere to each other to form a melt blow method. Non-woven materials, and finally packaged in rolls. Meltblown nonwovens are valued for their outstanding advantages in filtration, inhibition, adsorption, and the like.
  • the polymer short fiber prepared by the melt-blown method and the first flexible melt-blown layer and the second flexible melt-blown layer prepared by the hot air bonding process impart a better melt-blown composite nano-antibacterial super-soft nonwoven material. Soft and feel good.
  • the mass ratio of the polymer short fibers, the cotton fibers to the ES fibers is (5 to 20): (1 to 10): (1 to 5).
  • ES fiber an abbreviation for "Ethylene-Propylene Side By Side” in English, is one of the striking polyolefin fibers developed by Japan's Zhisuo Company.
  • ES fiber has been highly evaluated in the world. After the ES fibers are heat-treated, the fibers and the fibers are bonded to each other to form a nonwoven fabric molded body without a binder.
  • the polymer short fibers, cotton fibers and ES fibers are processed by hot air bonding to form a fluffy material with good flexibility.
  • the polymer short fibers have an average fiber diameter of 1.5 ⁇ m or less.
  • the polymer is one of polypropylene, polyethylene, polyacrylonitrile, and polyamide.
  • the nanofiber antibacterial material layer is prepared by a nanofiber antibacterial material prepared by an electrospinning process by adding a polymer with an antibacterial agent.
  • Antibacterial agent refers to a chemical substance that is highly sensitive to microorganisms and can be added to the material to impart antimicrobial properties to the material. That is to say, the antibacterial finishing agent is a substance that can prevent microorganisms such as bacteria and fungi from developing or inhibiting the growth of microorganisms.
  • the antibacterial agent used in antibacterial finishing requires selective activity against undesired microorganisms, good antibacterial effect, no drug resistance, washing resistance, sterilization and sterilization treatment.
  • non-woven antibacterial products are used in medical, medical products and personal hygiene products, and therefore require no irritation to the skin, no toxicity, no pathogenic substances.
  • inorganic antibacterial agents especially silver antibacterial agents, have a better effect.
  • the mass ratio of the polymer to the antibacterial agent is (10 to 50):1, for example, 10:1, 20:1, 30:1, 40:1, 50:1.
  • the antibacterial agent is a silver-based antibacterial agent and/or nano-zinc oxide
  • the polymer used in the nanofiber antibacterial material layer is polypropylene
  • the nanometer titanium dioxide layer and the nanofiber antibacterial material layer have the same number of layers, each of which is 1 to 10 layers, for example, 1 layer, 2 layers, 3 layers, 4 layers, 5 layers, 6 layers, 7 layers. , 8 layers, 9 layers, 10 layers; nano titanium dioxide, also known as titanium dioxide, diameter below 100 nanometers, non-toxic, odorless, non-irritating, thermal stability and heat resistance, no burning, the appearance of the product is white loose Powder, with anti-line, anti-bacterial, self-cleaning, anti-aging properties, can be used in cosmetics, functional fibers, plastics, inks, paints, paints, fine ceramics, etc., long-term sterilization under the action of ultraviolet light in the light.
  • Nano TiO 2 also has the following advantages: First, the effect is good, the antibacterial effect of TiO 2 can only occur in 1 h; secondly, TiO 2 is an antibacterial agent that semi-permanently maintains antibacterial effect, unlike other antibacterial agents that will elute with other antibacterial agents. The effect is gradually reduced; the third is high safety, TiO 2 can be used in food additives, and the contact of TiO 2 with the skin has no adverse effect on the skin. The finer the particle size of TiO 2 , the better the dispersibility and the larger the specific surface area, the better the bactericidal effect. The killing rate of nano-TiO 2 to Bacillus subtilis var.
  • nano-TiO 2 photocatalytic oxidation Greatly reduce the number of bacteria in the water, no mutagenic effect after drinking, to achieve the standard of safe drinking water; adding nano-TiO 2 in the coating can produce antibacterial and antifouling paint for sterilization, antifouling, deodorization and self-cleaning, used in hospitals Bacterial intensive and easy breeding places such as wards, operating rooms and family toilets can purify the air, prevent infection, deodorize and deodorize.
  • Nano TiO 2 also has a good UV protection function. Nano TiO 2 absorbs ultraviolet light, reflects and scatters ultraviolet light, and transmits visible light. It is a physical shielding type UV protective agent with superior performance and promising future. Due to its small particle size and high activity, nano-TiO 2 can reflect and scatter ultraviolet light and absorb ultraviolet light, so it has stronger blocking ability to ultraviolet light. Its strong UV resistance is due to its high refractive index and high light activity. Its anti-ultraviolet ability and its mechanism are related to its particle size: when the particle size is large, the UV blocking is mainly caused by reflection and scattering, and is effective for both the medium wave region and the long-wave region. The sunscreen mechanism is simple covering, which is a general physical sunscreen, and the sunscreen ability is weak.
  • the nano-titanium dioxide layer gives the nonwoven material a good UV protection function.
  • the nano titanium dioxide has a diameter of 10 to 50 nm.
  • the nanofiber hydrophilic layer is prepared from the nanofiber hydrophilic material.
  • the preparation process of the nanofiber hydrophilic material is: preparing the nanofiber material by the electrospinning process after the polypropylene is melted, and preparing the hydrophilic agent by diluting the hydrophilic agent with high purity water.
  • a hydrophilic solvent is prepared by applying a hydrophilic solvent to the nanofiber material and drying to form a nanofiber hydrophilic material.
  • the second object of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing a melt-blown composite nano antibacterial ultra-soft nonwoven material, which has simple preparation process, and the prepared non-woven material has softness and long-lasting antibacterial effect, including the following. step:
  • step 3 respectively providing flexible meltblown materials on both sides of the nonwoven material according to step 3), forming a first flexible meltblown layer, a first nanofiber antibacterial layer, a nanofiber hydrophilic layer, which are sequentially disposed from top to bottom, A second nanofiber antibacterial layer and a second flexible meltblown layer of a meltblown composite nano antibacterial ultrasoft nonwoven material.
  • the flexible meltblown material in the step 1) is processed by hot air bonding of the polymer short fiber, the cotton fiber and the ES fiber, and the polymer short fiber is prepared by a melt-blown spinning process;
  • the flexible meltblown material prepared by the combination of the meltblown process and the hot air bonding process makes the nonwoven material of the invention have higher bulkiness, good softness and comfort;
  • the nanofiber antibacterial material in the step 1) is prepared by using a nanofiber material prepared by an electrospinning process of a polymer to which an antibacterial agent is added.
  • a meltblown composite nano antibacterial ultra-soft nonwoven material of the present invention comprising a first flexible meltblown layer disposed in order from top to bottom, and a first nanofiber antibacterial a layer, a nanofiber hydrophilic layer, a second nanofiber antibacterial layer, and a second flexible meltblown layer, wherein the first nanofiber antibacterial layer and the second nanofiber antibacterial layer are both a nano titanium dioxide material layer and a nano fiber antibacterial material
  • the layers are alternately laminated; the first flexible meltblown layer and the second flexible meltblown layer impart better softness, good hand feeling and high comfort to the meltblown composite nano antibacterial ultra-soft nonwoven material; antibacterial of the nano titanium dioxide material layer
  • the effect is fast, the antibacterial property is durable, safe and effective, and the first nanofiber antibacterial layer and the second nanofiber antibacterial layer are alternately laminated with the nanometer antibacterial material layer and the nano titanium dioxide material layer.
  • the antibacterial body continues to make the non-woven material have a long-lasting antibacterial effect; at the same time, the nano-titanium dioxide layer also has a good anti-ultraviolet function; the nano-fiber hydrophilic layer makes the non-woven material have good hydrophilic properties.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a meltblown composite nano antibacterial ultra-soft nonwoven material of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a first nanofiber antibacterial layer in a meltblown composite nano antibacterial ultrasoft nonwoven material according to the present invention
  • 1-first flexible meltblown layer 2-first nanofiber antibacterial layer; 3-nanofiber hydrophilic layer; 4-second nanofiber antibacterial layer; 5-second flexible meltblown layer; 6-nano titanium dioxide layer; 7-Nanofiber antibacterial material layer.
  • a melt-blown composite nano antibacterial ultra-soft nonwoven material comprises a first flexible meltblown layer 1 disposed first to the bottom, a first nanofiber antibacterial layer 2, and a nanofiber hydrophilic material.
  • the layer 3, the second nanofiber antibacterial layer 4, and the second flexible meltblown layer 5, the first nanofiber antibacterial layer 2 and the second nanofiber antibacterial layer 4 are both composed of a nanometer titanium dioxide material layer 6 and a nanofiber antibacterial material.
  • the layers 7 are alternately laminated, that is, the first nanofiber antibacterial layer 2 is formed by alternately laminating the nanometer titanium dioxide material layer 6 and the nanofiber antibacterial material layer 7, and the second nanofiber antibacterial layer 4 is also composed of the nanometer titanium dioxide material layer 6 and the nanofiber.
  • the antibacterial material layer 7 is alternately laminated, and the structure of the second nanofiber antibacterial layer is the same as that of the first nanofiber antibacterial layer, and is the same as the structure in FIG. 2, and details are not described herein again.
  • the first flexible meltblown layer and the second flexible meltblown layer impart better softness, good hand feeling and high comfort to the meltblown composite nano antibacterial ultra-soft nonwoven material;
  • the nano titanium dioxide layer has fast antibacterial effect and long antibacterial property. Safe and effective, the first nanofiber antibacterial layer and the second nanofiber antibacterial layer are alternately laminated with the nanometer titanium dioxide material layer to form a continuous antibacterial body, so that the non-woven material has long-lasting resistance.
  • the nano-titanium dioxide layer also has a good anti-ultraviolet function; the nano-fiber hydrophilic layer makes the non-woven material have good hydrophilic properties.
  • the preparation method of the melt-blown composite nano-antibacterial ultra-soft nonwoven material of the invention comprises the following steps:
  • step 3 separately providing flexible meltblown materials on both sides of the nonwoven material of step 3), forming a first flexible meltblown layer 1 disposed first to the bottom, a first nanofiber antibacterial layer 2, and a nanofiber hydrophilic A meltblown composite nano-antibacterial ultra-soft nonwoven material of layer 3, second nanofiber antibacterial layer 4, and second flexible meltblown layer 5.
  • nanofiber antibacterial nonwoven material prepared by the present invention The properties of the nanofiber antibacterial nonwoven material prepared by the present invention are illustrated below by way of specific examples. Unless otherwise specified, the various starting materials of the present invention are commercially available or can be prepared according to conventional methods in the art.
  • nano-fiber antibacterial material by electrospinning after melting, wherein the mass ratio of polypropylene to silver-based antibacterial agent is 20:1, and the nano-titanium dioxide material and nano-fiber antibacterial The material is alternately laminated to prepare a nanofiber antibacterial material, wherein the nanometer titanium dioxide has a diameter of 20 nm;
  • the nanofiber material is prepared by an electrospinning process, and the hydrophilic agent is diluted with high-purity water to prepare a hydrophilic solvent. After the hydrophilic solvent is applied to the nanofiber material, the nanofiber is prepared by drying. Hydrophilic material;
  • a flexible meltblown material is disposed on the outer side of the material to form a first flexible meltblown layer 1, a first nanofiber antibacterial layer 2, a nanofiber hydrophilic layer 3, a second nanofiber antibacterial layer 4, and a second layer disposed in order from top to bottom.
  • Polypropylene staple fiber with an average diameter of 1.5 ⁇ m was prepared by melt-blown spinning process using polypropylene as raw material, and the prepared polypropylene staple fiber, cotton fiber and ES fiber were mixed at a mass ratio of 5:5:1. , processed by hot air bonding into a flexible meltblown material;
  • nano-fiber antibacterial material Adding silver-based antibacterial agent to polypropylene, melting and then preparing into nano-fiber antibacterial material by electrospinning process, wherein the mass ratio of polypropylene to silver-based antibacterial agent is 10:1, and the nano-titanium dioxide material and nano-fiber antibacterial The material is alternately laminated to prepare a nanofiber antibacterial material, wherein the nanometer titanium dioxide has a diameter of 30 nm;
  • the nanofiber material is prepared by an electrospinning process, and the hydrophilic agent is diluted with high-purity water to prepare a hydrophilic solvent. After the hydrophilic solvent is applied to the nanofiber material, the nanofiber is prepared by drying. Hydrophilic material;
  • a flexible meltblown material is disposed on the outer side of the material to form a first flexible meltblown layer 1, a first nanofiber antibacterial layer 2, a nanofiber hydrophilic layer 3, and a second nanofiber antibacterial layer 4, which are disposed in order from top to bottom.
  • nano-fiber antibacterial material is prepared by alternately laminating, wherein the nano titanium dioxide has a diameter of 50 nm;
  • the nanofiber material is prepared by an electrospinning process, and the hydrophilic agent is diluted with high-purity water to prepare a hydrophilic solvent. After the hydrophilic solvent is applied to the nanofiber material, the nanofiber is prepared by drying. Hydrophilic material;
  • a flexible meltblown material is disposed on the outer side of the material to form a first flexible meltblown layer 1, a first nanofiber antibacterial layer 2, a nanofiber hydrophilic layer 3, a second nanofiber antibacterial layer 4, and a second layer disposed in order from top to bottom.
  • Polypropylene staple fiber with an average diameter of 0.8 ⁇ m was prepared by melt-blown spinning process using polypropylene as raw material, and the ratio of polypropylene short fiber, cotton fiber and ES fiber prepared by mass ratio of 20:5:2 was prepared. , processed by hot air bonding into a flexible meltblown material;
  • nanofiber antibacterial material is alternately laminated to prepare a nanofiber antibacterial material, wherein the nanometer titanium dioxide has a diameter of 40 nm;
  • the nanofiber material is prepared by an electrospinning process, and the hydrophilic agent is diluted with high-purity water to prepare a hydrophilic solvent. After the hydrophilic solvent is applied to the nanofiber material, the nanofiber is prepared by drying. Hydrophilic material;
  • a flexible meltblown material is disposed on the outer side of the material to form a first flexible meltblown layer 1, a first nanofiber antibacterial layer 2, a nanofiber hydrophilic layer 3, a second nanofiber antibacterial layer 4, and a second layer disposed in order from top to bottom.
  • the melt-blown composite nano antibacterial ultra-soft non-woven material prepared by the invention has long antibacterial effect, the antibacterial rate is more than 99.9%, the antibacterial rate is more than 99% in 3h, the softness is good, the comfort is high, the anti-UV performance is good, and The preparation method is simple.

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  • Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
  • Chemical Or Physical Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)

Abstract

一种熔喷复合纳米抗菌超柔软非织造材料及制备方法，该熔喷复合纳米抗菌超柔软非织造材料，包括由上至下依次设置的第一柔性熔喷层（1）、第一纳米纤维抗菌层（2）、纳米纤维亲水层（3）、第二纳米纤维抗菌层（4）、第二柔性熔喷层（5），第一纳米纤维抗菌层（2）、第二纳米纤维抗菌层（4）均由纳米二氧化钛材料层（6）与纳米纤维抗菌材料层（7）交替层叠而成；第一柔性熔喷层（1）和第二柔性熔喷层（2）赋予了熔喷复合纳米抗菌超柔软非织造材料较佳的柔软性，手感好，舒适度高；纳米纤维抗菌材料层（7）与纳米二氧化钛材料层（6）交替层叠形成持续抗菌体，使非织造材料具有持久的抗菌效果；纳米二氧化钛层（6）还具有良好的防紫外线功能；纳米纤维亲水层（3）使非织造材料具有良好的亲水性能。

Description

一种熔喷复合纳米抗菌超柔软非织造材料及制备方法 技术领域
本发明属于非织造材料领域，具体涉及一种熔喷复合纳米抗菌超柔软非织造材料及制备方法。
背景技术
非织造材料又称非织造布、非织布、非织造织物、无纺织物或无纺布。非织造技术是一门源于纺织，但又超越纺织的材料加工技术。无论在航天技术、环保治理、农业技术、医用保健或是人们的日常生活等许多领域，非织造新材料已成为一种愈来愈广泛的重要产品。在逐渐地接纳非织造材料的品质和性能的同时，各个应用领域也同时提出了更多的功能需求，在健康环保日益受重视的今天，抗菌、抑菌等元素逐渐融入人们的生活中。
现有技术中，被广泛接受的是采用后整理的方法制备抗菌非织造材料，即将各类抗菌材料与水性树脂、填料等配成整理液，对经过表面预处理或未经处理的非织造布进行后处理，后整理的方法适用的抗菌剂材料种类多，抗菌整理工艺灵活，成本经济，但是该处理方法所得产品的抗菌持久性较差，不耐水洗和摩擦，并且制备的抗菌非织造材料手感不好。
发明内容
针对现有技术的不足，本发明的目的之一在于提供一种熔喷复合纳米抗菌超柔软非织造材料，抗菌效果持久，柔软性好，舒适性好，防紫外线性能优良。
为达此目的，本发明采用以下技术方案：
一种熔喷复合纳米抗菌超柔软非织造材料，包括由上至下依次设置的第一柔性熔喷层、第一纳米纤维抗菌层、纳米纤维亲水层、第二纳米纤维抗菌层、 第二柔性熔喷层，所述第一纳米纤维抗菌层、所述第二纳米纤维抗菌层均由纳米二氧化钛材料层与纳米纤维抗菌材料层交替层叠而成。
其中，所述第一柔性熔喷层、所述第二柔性熔喷层均由聚合物短纤维、棉纤维、ES纤维经热风粘合加工而成，所述的聚合物短纤维为聚合物经熔喷纺丝工艺制备成。熔喷法是一种超细纤维成网法熔喷非织造布由直径在4μm以内的超细纤维构成，因此所制取的非织造布手感柔软过滤性好。熔喷聚合物非织造布因纤维互相缠接热融粘合和超细纤维之间的表面吸引力，纤网具有良好的完整性。超细聚合物滤材具有过滤效率高、阻力低和一定的耐高温、耐酸碱性、耐湿耐有机溶剂等性能。熔喷法非织造材料的生产过程是：将聚合物切片通过螺杆挤出机使其熔融，经过喷丝孔将其喷出成为纤维状，并在高速(13000m/min)热气流的喷吹下，使之受到强大拉伸，形成极细的短纤维，这些短纤维被吸附在成网帘上，由于纤维凝聚成网后仍能保持较高的温度，从而使纤维间相互粘连成为熔喷法非织造材料，最后进行成卷打包。熔喷非织造材料因其在过滤、阻菌、吸附等方面的突出优点而受到重视。熔喷法制备成的聚合物短纤维，以及经热风粘合加工的方法制备成的第一柔性熔喷层与第二柔性熔喷层赋予了熔喷复合纳米抗菌超柔软非织造材料较佳的柔软性，手感好。
其中，所述聚合物短纤维、所述棉纤维与所述ES纤维的质量比为(5～20)∶(1～10)∶(1～5)。ES纤维，是英文“Ethylene-Propylene Side By Side”的缩写，是日本智索公司开发出来的引人注目的聚烯烃系纤维的一种。作为一种新型的热接合性复合纤维，ES纤维在世界上获得了很高的评价。ES纤维经过热处理后，纤维与纤维互相接着，便可形成不用粘合剂的无纺布成型体。聚合物短纤维、棉纤维与ES纤维通过热风粘合加工后，形成蓬松型的材料，柔软性好。
其中，所述聚合物短纤维的平均纤维直径为1.5μm以下。
其中，所述聚合物为聚丙烯、聚乙烯、聚丙烯腈、聚酰胺中的一种。
其中，所述纳米纤维抗菌材料层是由添加了抗菌剂的聚合物经静电纺丝工艺制备成的纳米纤维抗菌材料制备成。抗菌剂是指一些微生物高度敏感，少量添加到材料中即可赋予材料抗微生物性能的化学物质，也就是说抗菌整理剂是能使细菌、真菌等微生物不能发育或抑制微生物生长的物质。抗菌整理中所用到的抗菌剂要求对不受欢迎的微生物有选择活性，抗菌效果佳，无耐药性，耐洗涤，耐消毒和灭菌处理等。另外，大多非织造抗菌产品都是用于医疗、医药产品和个人卫生产品等方面，因此要求对皮肤无刺激性、无毒性、不产生致病物质等。单从抗菌抑菌效果来讲，无机抗菌剂特别是银系抗菌剂的效果较好。
其中，聚合物与所述抗菌剂的质量比为(10～50)∶1，例如10∶1、20∶1、30∶1、40∶1、50∶1。
优选地，所述抗菌剂为银系抗菌剂和/或纳米氧化锌，所述纳米纤维抗菌材料层中采用的所述聚合物为聚丙烯。
其中，所述纳米二氧化钛层和所述纳米纤维抗菌材料层的层数相同，均为1～10层，例如均为1层、2层、3层、4层、5层、6层、7层、8层、9层、10层；纳米级二氧化钛，亦称钛白粉，直径在100纳米以下，无毒，无味，无刺激，热稳定性与耐热性强，不燃烧，产品外观为白色疏松粉末，具有抗线、抗菌、自洁净、抗老化性能，可用于化妆品、功能纤维、塑料、油墨、涂料、油漆、精细陶瓷等领域，在光线中紫外线的作用下长久杀菌。纳米TiO2还有以下优点：一是即效性好，TiO2的抗菌效果仅需1h即可发生；二是TiO2是半永久维持抗菌效果的抗菌剂，不像其他抗菌剂会随着溶出而效果逐渐下降；三是安全性高，TiO2可用于食品添加剂中，TiO2与皮肤接触对皮肤无不良影响。TiO2粒度越细、分散性越好、比表面积越大，则杀菌效果越好。纳米TiO2对枯草杆菌 黑色变种芽孢、绿脓杆菌、大肠杆菌、金色葡萄球菌、沙门氏菌、牙枝菌和曲霉的杀灭率均达到98％以上；用纳米TiO2光催化氧化深度处理自来水，可大大减少水中的细菌数，饮用后无致突变作用，达到安全饮用水的标准；在涂料中添加纳米TiO2可以制造出杀菌、防污、除臭、自洁的抗菌防污涂料，应用于医院病房、手术室及家庭卫生间等细菌密集、易繁殖的场所，可净化空气、防止感染、除臭除味。
另外，纳米TiO2还具有良好的防紫外线功能。纳米TiO2既能吸收紫外线，又能反射、散射紫外线，还能透过可见光，是性能优越、极有发展前途的物理屏蔽型的紫外线防护剂。纳米TiO2由于粒径小，活性大，既能反射、散射紫外线，又能吸收紫外线，从而对紫外线有更强的阻隔能力，它的强抗紫外线能力是由于其具有高折光性和高光活性，其抗紫外线能力及其机理与其粒径有关：当粒径较大时，对紫外线的阻隔是以反射、散射为主，且对中波区和长波区紫外线均有效。防晒机理是简单的遮盖，属一般的物理防晒，防晒能力较弱；随着粒径的减小，光线能透过纳米二氧化钛的粒子面，对长波区紫外线的反射、散射性不明显，而对中波区紫外线的吸收性明显增强，其防晒机理是吸收紫外线，主要吸收中波区紫外线。因此，纳米二氧化钛层使非织造材料具有良好的防紫外线功能。优选地，所述纳米二氧化钛的直径为10～50nm。
纳米纤维亲水层是由纳米纤维亲水材料制备成的，纳米纤维亲水材料的制备过程为：聚丙烯熔融后经静电纺丝工艺制备纳米纤维材料，将亲水剂用高纯水稀释后制备成亲水溶剂，将亲水溶剂涂覆于所述纳米纤维材料后，经烘干制备成纳米纤维亲水材料。
本发明的目的之二在于提供一种熔喷复合纳米抗菌超柔软非织造材料的制备方法，制备工艺简单，制备成的非织造材料柔软、抗菌效果持久，包括以下 步骤：
1)分别制备柔性熔喷材料、纳米纤维抗菌材料、纳米纤维亲水材料；
2)将纳米二氧化钛材料与纳米纤维抗菌材料交替层叠制备纳米纤维抗菌体材料；
3)在纳米纤维亲水材料的两侧分别设置纳米纤维抗菌体材料，形成具有第一纳米纤维抗菌层、纳米纤维亲水层、第二纳米纤维抗菌层的非织造材料；
4)在步骤3)所述的非织造材料的两侧分别设置柔性熔喷材料，形成由上至下依次设置的第一柔性熔喷层、第一纳米纤维抗菌层、纳米纤维亲水层、第二纳米纤维抗菌层、第二柔性熔喷层的熔喷复合纳米抗菌超柔软非织造材料。
其中，步骤1)中的柔性熔喷材料由聚合物短纤维、棉纤维、ES纤维经热风粘合加工而成，所述的聚合物短纤维为聚合物经熔喷纺丝工艺制备成；经熔喷工艺与热风粘合加工工艺复合制备的柔性熔喷材料使本发明的非织造材料具有较高蓬松度、良好的柔软性和舒适感；
步骤1)中的纳米纤维抗菌材料为添加了抗菌剂的聚合物经静电纺丝工艺制备成的纳米纤维材料制备成。
与现有技术相比，本发明的有益效果为：本发明的一种熔喷复合纳米抗菌超柔软非织造材料，包括由上至下依次设置的第一柔性熔喷层、第一纳米纤维抗菌层、纳米纤维亲水层、第二纳米纤维抗菌层、第二柔性熔喷层，所述第一纳米纤维抗菌层、所述第二纳米纤维抗菌层均由纳米二氧化钛材料层与纳米纤维抗菌材料层交替层叠而成；第一柔性熔喷层和第二柔性熔喷层赋予了熔喷复合纳米抗菌超柔软非织造材料较佳的柔软性，手感好，舒适度高；纳米二氧化钛材料层的抗菌效果快，抗菌性能持久，安全有效，第一纳米纤维抗菌层、第二纳米纤维抗菌层中纳米纤维抗菌材料层与纳米二氧化钛材料层交替层叠形成 持续抗菌体，使非织造材料具有持久的抗菌效果；同时，纳米二氧化钛层还具有良好的防紫外线功能；纳米纤维亲水层使非织造材料具有良好的亲水性能。
附图说明
图1为本发明的熔喷复合纳米抗菌超柔软非织造材料的结构示意图；
图2为本发明的熔喷复合纳米抗菌超柔软非织造材料中第一纳米纤维抗菌层的结构示意图；
附图标记如下：
1-第一柔性熔喷层；2-第一纳米纤维抗菌层；3-纳米纤维亲水层；4-第二纳米纤维抗菌层；5-第二柔性熔喷层；6-纳米二氧化钛层；7-纳米纤维抗菌材料层。
具体实施方式
下面结合图1、图2并通过实施例来进一步说明本发明的技术方案。
如图1、图2所示，一种熔喷复合纳米抗菌超柔软非织造材料，包括由上至下依次设置的第一柔性熔喷层1、第一纳米纤维抗菌层2、纳米纤维亲水层3、第二纳米纤维抗菌层4、第二柔性熔喷层5，所述第一纳米纤维抗菌层2、所述第二纳米纤维抗菌层4均由纳米二氧化钛材料层6与纳米纤维抗菌材料层7交替层叠而成，即第一纳米纤维抗菌层2由纳米二氧化钛材料层6与纳米纤维抗菌材料层7交替层叠而成，第二纳米纤维抗菌层4也由纳米二氧化钛材料层6与纳米纤维抗菌材料层7交替层叠而成，并且，第二纳米纤维抗菌层的结构与第一纳米纤维抗菌层的结构相同，与图2中的结构相同，在此不再赘述。第一柔性熔喷层和第二柔性熔喷层赋予了熔喷复合纳米抗菌超柔软非织造材料较佳的柔软性，手感好，舒适度高；纳米二氧化钛层的抗菌效果快，抗菌性能持久，安全有效，第一纳米纤维抗菌层、第二纳米纤维抗菌层中纳米纤维抗菌材料层与纳米二氧化钛材料层交替层叠形成持续抗菌体，使非织造材料具有持久的抗 菌效果；同时，纳米二氧化钛层还具有良好的防紫外线功能；纳米纤维亲水层使非织造材料具有良好的亲水性能。
本发明的熔喷复合纳米抗菌超柔软非织造材料的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
1)分别制备柔性熔喷材料、纳米纤维抗菌材料、纳米纤维亲水材料；
2))将纳米二氧化钛材料与纳米纤维抗菌材料交替层叠制备纳米纤维抗菌体材料；
3)在纳米纤维亲水材料的两侧分别设置纳米纤维抗菌体材料，形成具有第一纳米纤维抗菌层2、纳米纤维亲水层3、第二纳米纤维抗菌层4的非织造材料；
4)在步骤3)所述的非织造材料的两侧分别设置柔性熔喷材料，形成由上至下依次设置的第一柔性熔喷层1、第一纳米纤维抗菌层2、纳米纤维亲水层3、第二纳米纤维抗菌层4、第二柔性熔喷层5的熔喷复合纳米抗菌超柔软非织造材料。
下面通过具体实施例来说明本发明制备的纳米纤维抗菌非织造材料的性能。如无具体说明，本发明的各种原料均可市售购得，或根据本领域的常规方法制备得到。
实施例1
1)以聚丙烯为原料经熔喷纺丝工艺制备平均直径为1μm的聚丙烯短纤维，将制备的聚丙烯短纤维、棉纤维、ES纤维按质量比为15∶8∶3的配比，经热风粘合加工成柔性熔喷材料；
2)在聚丙烯中添加银系抗菌剂，熔融后经静电纺丝工艺制备成纳米纤维抗菌材料，其中聚丙烯与银系抗菌剂的质量比为20∶1，将纳米二氧化钛材料与纳米纤维抗菌材料交替层叠制备纳米纤维抗菌体材料，其中，纳米二氧化钛的直径为20nm；
3)聚丙烯熔融后经静电纺丝工艺制备纳米纤维材料，将亲水剂用高纯水稀释后制备成亲水溶剂，将亲水溶剂涂覆于所述纳米纤维材料后，经烘干制备纳米纤维亲水材料；
4)在纳米纤维亲水材料的两侧分别设置纳米纤维抗菌体材料，形成具有第一纳米纤维抗菌层2、纳米纤维亲水层3、第二纳米纤维抗菌层4的非织造材料；在如上材料的外侧设置柔性熔喷材料，形成由上至下依次设置的第一柔性熔喷层1、第一纳米纤维抗菌层2、纳米纤维亲水层3、第二纳米纤维抗菌层4、第二柔性熔喷层5的熔喷复合纳米抗菌超柔软非织造材料。
实施例2
1)以聚丙烯为原料经熔喷纺丝工艺制备平均直径为1.5μm的聚丙烯短纤维，将制备的聚丙烯短纤维、棉纤维、ES纤维按质量比为5∶5∶1的配比，经热风粘合加工成柔性熔喷材料；
2)在聚丙烯中添加银系抗菌剂，熔融后经静电纺丝工艺制备成纳米纤维抗菌材料，其中聚丙烯与银系抗菌剂的质量比为10∶1，将纳米二氧化钛材料与纳米纤维抗菌材料交替层叠制备纳米纤维抗菌体材料，其中，纳米二氧化钛的直径为30nm；
3)聚丙烯熔融后经静电纺丝工艺制备纳米纤维材料，将亲水剂用高纯水稀释后制备成亲水溶剂，将亲水溶剂涂覆于所述纳米纤维材料后，经烘干制备纳米纤维亲水材料；
4)在纳米纤维亲水材料的两侧分别设置纳米纤维抗菌体材料，形成具有第一纳米纤维抗菌层2、纳米纤维亲水层3、第二纳米纤维抗菌层4的非织造材料；在如上材料的外侧设置柔性熔喷材料，形成由上至下依次设置的第一柔性熔喷层1、第一纳米纤维抗菌层2、纳米纤维亲水层3、第二纳米纤维抗菌层4、第 二柔性熔喷层5的熔喷复合纳米抗菌超柔软非织造材料。
实施例3
1)以聚丙烯为原料经熔喷纺丝工艺制备平均直径为1μm的聚丙烯短纤维，将制备的聚丙烯短纤维、棉纤维、ES纤维按质量比为18∶6∶5的配比，经热风粘合加工成柔性熔喷材料；
2)在聚丙烯中添加银系抗菌剂，熔融后经静电纺丝工艺制备成纳米纤维抗菌材料，其中聚丙烯与纳米氧化锌的质量比为40∶1，将纳米二氧化钛材料与纳米纤维抗菌材料交替层叠制备纳米纤维抗菌体材料，其中，纳米二氧化钛的直径为50nm；
3)聚丙烯熔融后经静电纺丝工艺制备纳米纤维材料，将亲水剂用高纯水稀释后制备成亲水溶剂，将亲水溶剂涂覆于所述纳米纤维材料后，经烘干制备纳米纤维亲水材料；
4)在纳米纤维亲水材料的两侧分别设置纳米纤维抗菌体材料，形成具有第一纳米纤维抗菌层2、纳米纤维亲水层3、第二纳米纤维抗菌层4的非织造材料；在如上材料的外侧设置柔性熔喷材料，形成由上至下依次设置的第一柔性熔喷层1、第一纳米纤维抗菌层2、纳米纤维亲水层3、第二纳米纤维抗菌层4、第二柔性熔喷层5的熔喷复合纳米抗菌超柔软非织造材料。
实施例4
1)以聚丙烯为原料经熔喷纺丝工艺制备平均直径为0.8μm的聚丙烯短纤维，将制备的聚丙烯短纤维、棉纤维、ES纤维按质量比为20∶5∶2的配比，经热风粘合加工成柔性熔喷材料；
2)在聚丙烯中添加银系抗菌剂，熔融后经静电纺丝工艺制备成纳米纤维抗菌材料，其中聚丙烯与纳米氧化锌的质量比为50∶1，将纳米二氧化钛材料与纳 米纤维抗菌材料交替层叠制备纳米纤维抗菌体材料，其中，纳米二氧化钛的直径为40nm；
3)聚丙烯熔融后经静电纺丝工艺制备纳米纤维材料，将亲水剂用高纯水稀释后制备成亲水溶剂，将亲水溶剂涂覆于所述纳米纤维材料后，经烘干制备纳米纤维亲水材料；
4)在纳米纤维亲水材料的两侧分别设置纳米纤维抗菌体材料，形成具有第一纳米纤维抗菌层2、纳米纤维亲水层3、第二纳米纤维抗菌层4的非织造材料；在如上材料的外侧设置柔性熔喷材料，形成由上至下依次设置的第一柔性熔喷层1、第一纳米纤维抗菌层2、纳米纤维亲水层3、第二纳米纤维抗菌层4、第二柔性熔喷层5的熔喷复合纳米抗菌超柔软非织造材料。
对实施例1～4制备的熔喷复合纳米抗菌超柔软非织造材料进行性能测试，测试结果如表1所示。
表1
Figure PCTCN2016105639-appb-000001
Figure PCTCN2016105639-appb-000002
本发明制备的熔喷复合纳米抗菌超柔软非织造材料，抗菌效果持久，抑菌率大于99.9％，3h抑菌率也均大于99％，柔软性好，舒适性高，防紫外线性能好，并且制备方法简单。
尽管本发明中所涉及的数值范围(尺寸、工艺参数)在上述实施例中未列举出具体数值，但本领域的技术人员完全可以想象到只要落入上述该数值范围内的任何数值均可实施本发明，当然也包括若干项数值范围内具体值的任意组合。此处，出于篇幅的考虑，省略了给出某一项或多项数值范围内具体值的实施例，此不应当视为本发明的技术方案的公开不充分。
申请人声明，本发明通过上述实施例来说明本发明的技术原理。这些描述只是为了解释本发明的原理，而不能以任何方式解释为对本发明保护范围的限制。所属技术领域的技术人员应该明了，对本发明的任何改进，对本发明产品各原料的等效替换及辅助成分的添加、具体方式的选择等，均落在本发明的保护范围和公开范围之内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种熔喷复合纳米抗菌超柔软非织造材料，其特征在于，包括由上至下依次设置的第一柔性熔喷层(1)、第一纳米纤维抗菌层(2)、纳米纤维亲水层(3)、第二纳米纤维抗菌层(4)、第二柔性熔喷层(5)，所述第一纳米纤维抗菌层(2)、所述第二纳米纤维抗菌层(4)均由纳米二氧化钛材料层(6)与纳米纤维抗菌材料层(7)交替层叠而成。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的熔喷复合纳米抗菌超柔软非织造材料，其特征在于，所述第一柔性熔喷层(1)、所述第二柔性熔喷层(5)均由聚合物短纤维、棉纤维、ES纤维经热风粘合加工而成，所述的聚合物短纤维为聚合物经熔喷纺丝工艺制备成。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的熔喷复合纳米抗菌超柔软非织造材料，其特征在于，所述聚合物短纤维、所述棉纤维与所述ES纤维的质量比为(5～20)∶(1～10)∶(1～5)。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的熔喷复合纳米抗菌超柔软非织造材料，其特征在于，所述聚合物短纤维的平均纤维直径为1.5μm以下。
  5. 根据权利要求2所述的熔喷复合纳米抗菌超柔软非织造材料，其特征在于，所述聚合物为聚丙烯、聚乙烯、聚丙烯腈、聚酰胺中的一种。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的熔喷复合纳米抗菌超柔软非织造材料，其特征在于，所述纳米纤维抗菌材料层(7)是由添加了抗菌剂的聚合物经静电纺丝工艺制备而成。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的熔喷复合纳米抗菌超柔软非织造材料，其特征在于，所述聚合物与所述抗菌剂的质量比为(10～50)∶1；
    优选地，所述抗菌剂为银系抗菌剂和/或纳米氧化锌，所述聚合物为聚丙烯。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的熔喷复合纳米抗菌超柔软非织造材料，其特征在 于，所述纳米二氧化钛层(6)和所述纳米纤维抗菌材料层(7)的层数相同，均为1～10层；
    优选地，所述纳米二氧化钛层(6)中的纳米二氧化钛的直径为10～50nm。
  9. 一种如权利要求1所述的熔喷复合纳米抗菌超柔软非织造材料的制备方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
    1)分别制备柔性熔喷材料、纳米纤维抗菌材料、纳米纤维亲水材料；
    2)将纳米二氧化钛材料与纳米纤维抗菌材料交替层叠制备纳米纤维抗菌体材料；
    3)在纳米纤维亲水材料的两侧分别设置纳米纤维抗菌体材料，形成具有第一纳米纤维抗菌层(2)、纳米纤维亲水层(3)、第二纳米纤维抗菌层(4)的非织造材料；
    4)在步骤3)所述的非织造材料的两侧分别设置柔性熔喷材料，形成由上至下依次设置的第一柔性熔喷层(1)、第一纳米纤维抗菌层(2)、纳米纤维亲水层(3)、第二纳米纤维抗菌层(4)、第二柔性熔喷层(5)的熔喷复合纳米抗菌超柔软非织造材料。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的制备方法，其特征在于，
    步骤1)中的柔性熔喷材料由聚合物短纤维、棉纤维、ES纤维经热风粘合加工而成，所述的聚合物短纤维为聚合物经熔喷纺丝工艺制备成；
    步骤1)中的纳米纤维抗菌材料为添加了抗菌剂的聚合物经静电纺丝工艺制备成的纳米纤维材料制备成。
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