CN112481807A - 一种弹性熔喷无纺布及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种弹性熔喷无纺布及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN112481807A
CN112481807A CN202011192509.2A CN202011192509A CN112481807A CN 112481807 A CN112481807 A CN 112481807A CN 202011192509 A CN202011192509 A CN 202011192509A CN 112481807 A CN112481807 A CN 112481807A
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layer
antibacterial
master batch
fabric
melt
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杨晓锋
闵懂
吉新建
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Zhangjiagang Junma Non Woven Fabrics Co ltd
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Zhangjiagang Junma Non Woven Fabrics Co ltd
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    • D04H1/00Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/42Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
    • D04H1/4282Addition polymers
    • D04H1/4291Olefin series
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    • B32B37/10Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the pressing technique, e.g. using action of vacuum or fluid pressure
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    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01DMECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D5/00Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
    • D01D5/08Melt spinning methods
    • D01D5/088Cooling filaments, threads or the like, leaving the spinnerettes
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01FCHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F1/00General methods for the manufacture of artificial filaments or the like
    • D01F1/02Addition of substances to the spinning solution or to the melt
    • D01F1/10Other agents for modifying properties
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01FCHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F1/00General methods for the manufacture of artificial filaments or the like
    • D01F1/02Addition of substances to the spinning solution or to the melt
    • D01F1/10Other agents for modifying properties
    • D01F1/103Agents inhibiting growth of microorganisms
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04HMAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/42Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04HMAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/54Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by welding together the fibres, e.g. by partially melting or dissolving
    • D04H1/56Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by welding together the fibres, e.g. by partially melting or dissolving in association with fibre formation, e.g. immediately following extrusion of staple fibres
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Abstract

本发明适用于熔喷布技术领域,提供了一种弹性熔喷无纺布及其制备方法,通过熔融混合聚丙烯、高温稳定剂和光稳定剂制备混合母料,熔融混合银离子粉体、高温稳定剂和树脂制备抗菌母料一,熔融混合碳纤维和树脂制备抗菌母料二,接着分别制备获得底布层一、抗菌层一、抗菌层二和底布层二,将抗菌层一和抗菌层二分别贴附在氨纶布的两侧表面,然后将熔喷无纺布层一贴附在抗菌层一的远离氨纶布的一侧面上,将熔喷无纺布层二贴附在抗菌层二的远离氨纶布的一侧面上获得弹性熔喷无纺布,从而可以通过氨纶布和带有碳纤维的抗菌层二提供弹性性能,另外,通过碳纤维和银离子粉提升本发明的熔喷布的抗菌性能。

Description

一种弹性熔喷无纺布及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明属于熔喷无纺布领域,尤其涉及一种弹性熔喷无纺布及其制备方法。
背景技术
熔喷法是将聚合物直接制备成网的非织造布加工技术,其作用原理主要为利用高速高温气流通过喷吹将聚合物熔体逐渐凝固成熔体细流进而获得超细纤维。熔喷法非织造材料主要用作复合材料、过滤材料、保暖材料、卫生用品、吸油材料及电池隔膜等,广泛应用于如医疗卫生、过滤材料、环境保护、工业等领域。
目前,熔喷无纺布主要以聚丙烯为原料,熔喷无纺布在使用过程中常常会因受到拉伸、摩擦、撕裂、压缩等各种外力作用而产生变形破损,在实际应用中,熔喷无纺布在承受外加载荷时形变能力的强弱将直接影响到其使用范围以及产品寿命等,另外,现有的熔喷无纺布的不能对细菌进行充分杀灭。
发明内容
本发明提供一种弹性熔喷无纺布及其制备方法,旨在解决现有技术存在的问题。
本发明是这样实现的,一种弹性熔喷无纺布,包括熔喷无纺布层一、抗菌层一、氨纶布、抗菌层二和熔喷无纺布层二;
所述抗菌层一和所述抗菌层二分别设置在所述氨纶布的两侧表面,所述熔喷无纺布层一设置在所述抗菌层一的远离所述氨纶布的一侧面上,所述熔喷无纺布层二设置在所述抗菌层二的远离所述氨纶布的一侧面上。
本发明还提供上述任意一种弹性熔喷无纺布的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
S1、制备混合母料:将聚丙烯、高温稳定剂和光稳定剂熔融混合,然后干燥处理制备颗粒状的混合母料;
S2、制备抗菌母料一:将银离子粉体、高温稳定剂和树脂进行熔融混合,制备获得颗粒状的抗菌母料一;
S3、制备抗菌母料二:将碳纤维和树脂进行熔融混合,制备获得颗粒状的抗菌母料二;
S4、将步骤S1制备获得的混合母料按重量均分为混合母料一和混合母料二;
S5、将混合母料一、抗菌母料一、抗菌母料二和混合母料二粒分别经过三个螺杆挤出机分段控温反应加热熔融,接着进行纺丝、成布,分别获得底布层一、抗菌层一、抗菌层二和底布层二;
裁切获得预设尺寸的氨纶布,备用;
S6、将分抗菌层一和抗菌层二别贴附在氨纶布的两侧表面,将熔喷无纺布层一贴附在抗菌层一的远离氨纶布的一侧面上,将熔喷无纺布层二贴附在抗菌层二的远离氨纶布的一侧面上,然后送入热轧机中热轧,获得弹性熔喷复合无纺布。
优选的,步骤S2中,所述银离子粉体、高温稳定剂和树脂的质量比为20.0~25.0:0.1~1.0:74.0~79.9。
优选的,步骤S1中熔融温度为190~230℃。
优选的,步骤S5中,纺丝速度为25~30m/min。
优选的,所述纺丝之后,进一步包括:吹风冷却:采用竖风冷却,由下向上吹风冷却,吹风温度为25~30℃。
优选的,所述高温稳定剂为磺酸酚醛树脂;所述光稳定剂为2-羟基-4-正辛氧基二苯甲酮、单苯甲酸间苯二酚酯任意一种或者两种的混合。
优选的,步骤S1中,所述聚丙烯、高温稳定剂和光稳定剂的重量比为:97.0~99.0:0.5~1.5:0.5~1.5。
优选的,所述底布层一和所述底布层二的厚度均为0.1~0.13mm。
优选的,步骤S2和步骤S3中,熔融温度为180℃~220℃。
与现有技术相比,本发明的有益效果是:本发明的一种弹性熔喷无纺布及其制备方法,通过熔融混合聚丙烯、高温稳定剂和光稳定剂制备混合母料,熔融混合银离子粉体、高温稳定剂和树脂制备抗菌母料一,熔融混合碳纤维和树脂制备抗菌母料二,接着分别制备获得底布层一、抗菌层一、抗菌层二和底布层二,将抗菌层一和抗菌层二分别贴附在氨纶布的两侧表面,然后将熔喷无纺布层一贴附在抗菌层一的远离氨纶布的一侧面上,将熔喷无纺布层二贴附在抗菌层二的远离氨纶布的一侧面上获得弹性熔喷无纺布,从而可以通过氨纶布和带有碳纤维的抗菌层二提供弹性性能,从而可以增加本发明的熔喷布的适用范围和寿命,另外,通过碳纤维和银离子粉提升本发明的熔喷布的抗菌性能。
附图说明
图1为本发明的一种弹性熔喷无纺布的剖视图。
图中:1-熔喷无纺布层一、2-抗菌层一、3-氨纶布、4-抗菌层二、5-熔喷无纺布层二。
具体实施方式
为了使本发明的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白,以下结合附图及实施例,对本发明进行进一步详细说明。应当理解,此处所描述的具体实施例仅仅用以解释本发明,并不用于限定本发明。
实施例1
本实施例提供一种技术方案:一种弹性熔喷无纺布及其制备方法,熔喷复合无纺布通过如下方法制得,并且包括以下步骤:
S1、制备混合母料:将聚丙烯、高温稳定剂和光稳定剂熔融混合,然后干燥处理制备颗粒状的混合母料;熔融温度为190~230℃。聚丙烯、高温稳定剂和光稳定剂的重量比为:98.0:1.0:1.0。
S2、制备抗菌母料一:将银离子粉体、高温稳定剂和树脂进行熔融混合,制备获得颗粒状的抗菌母料一;银离子粉体、高温稳定剂和树脂的质量比为22.0:0.5:77.5。高温稳定剂为磺酸酚醛树脂;所述光稳定剂为2-羟基-4-正辛氧基二苯甲酮。
S3、制备抗菌母料二:将碳纤维和树脂进行熔融混合,制备获得颗粒状的抗菌母料二;熔融温度为180℃~220℃。碳纤维和树脂的质量比例为1.5:8.5。
S4、将步骤S1制备获得的混合母料按重量均分为混合母料一和混合母料二;熔融温度为180℃~220℃。
S5、将混合母料一、抗菌母料一、抗菌母料二和混合母料二粒分别经过三个螺杆挤出机分段控温反应加热熔融,接着进行纺丝、吹风冷却、成布,分别获得底布层一1、抗菌层一2、抗菌层二4和底布层二5;纺丝速度为25~30m/min。裁切获得预设尺寸的氨纶布3,备用;
其中,吹风冷却采用竖风冷却,由下向上吹风冷却,吹风温度为25~30℃。
S6、将分抗菌层一2和抗菌层二4别贴附在氨纶布3的两侧表面,将熔喷无纺布层一1贴附在抗菌层一2的远离氨纶布3的一侧面上,将熔喷无纺布层二5贴附在抗菌层二4的远离氨纶布3的一侧面上,然后送入热轧机中热轧,获得弹性熔喷复合无纺布,如图1所示。底布层一1和所述底布层二5的厚度均为0.1~0.13mm。
实施例2
本实施例提供一种技术方案:一种弹性熔喷无纺布及其制备方法,熔喷复合无纺布通过如下方法制得,并且包括以下步骤:
S1、制备混合母料:将聚丙烯、高温稳定剂和光稳定剂熔融混合,然后干燥处理制备颗粒状的混合母料;熔融温度为190~230℃。聚丙烯、高温稳定剂和光稳定剂的重量比为:97.0:1.5:1.5。
S2、制备抗菌母料一:将银离子粉体、高温稳定剂和树脂进行熔融混合,制备获得颗粒状的抗菌母料一;银离子粉体、高温稳定剂和树脂的质量比为20.0:0.2:79.8。高温稳定剂为磺酸酚醛树脂;所述光稳定剂为2-羟基-4-正辛氧基二苯甲酮。
S3、制备抗菌母料二:将碳纤维和树脂进行熔融混合,制备获得颗粒状的抗菌母料二;熔融温度为180℃~220℃。碳纤维和树脂的质量比例为1:9。
S4、将步骤S1制备获得的混合母料按重量均分为混合母料一和混合母料二;熔融温度为180℃~220℃。
S5、将混合母料一、抗菌母料一、抗菌母料二和混合母料二粒分别经过三个螺杆挤出机分段控温反应加热熔融,接着进行纺丝、吹风冷却、成布,分别获得底布层一1、抗菌层一2、抗菌层二4和底布层二5;纺丝速度为25~30m/min。裁切获得预设尺寸的氨纶布3,备用;
其中,吹风冷却采用竖风冷却,由下向上吹风冷却,吹风温度为25~30℃。
S6、将分抗菌层一2和抗菌层二4别贴附在氨纶布3的两侧表面,将熔喷无纺布层一1贴附在抗菌层一2的远离氨纶布3的一侧面上,将熔喷无纺布层二5贴附在抗菌层二4的远离氨纶布3的一侧面上,然后送入热轧机中热轧,获得弹性熔喷复合无纺布,如图1所示。底布层一1和所述底布层二5的厚度均为0.1~0.13mm。
实施例3
本实施例提供一种技术方案:一种弹性熔喷无纺布及其制备方法,熔喷复合无纺布通过如下方法制得,并且包括以下步骤:
S1、制备混合母料:将聚丙烯、高温稳定剂和光稳定剂熔融混合,然后干燥处理制备颗粒状的混合母料;熔融温度为190~230℃。聚丙烯、高温稳定剂和光稳定剂的重量比为:99.0:0.5:0.5。
S2、制备抗菌母料一:将银离子粉体、高温稳定剂和树脂进行熔融混合,制备获得颗粒状的抗菌母料一;银离子粉体、高温稳定剂和树脂的质量比为25.0:1.0:74.0。高温稳定剂为磺酸酚醛树脂;所述光稳定剂为2-羟基-4-正辛氧基二苯甲酮。
S3、制备抗菌母料二:将碳纤维和树脂进行熔融混合,制备获得颗粒状的抗菌母料二;熔融温度为180℃~220℃。碳纤维和树脂的质量比例为2:8。
S4、将步骤S1制备获得的混合母料按重量均分为混合母料一和混合母料二;熔融温度为180℃~220℃。
S5、将混合母料一、抗菌母料一、抗菌母料二和混合母料二粒分别经过三个螺杆挤出机分段控温反应加热熔融,接着进行纺丝、吹风冷却、成布,分别获得底布层一1、抗菌层一2、抗菌层二4和底布层二5;纺丝速度为25~30m/min。裁切获得预设尺寸的氨纶布3,备用;
其中,吹风冷却采用竖风冷却,由下向上吹风冷却,吹风温度为25~30℃。
S6、将分抗菌层一2和抗菌层二4别贴附在氨纶布3的两侧表面,将熔喷无纺布层一1贴附在抗菌层一2的远离氨纶布3的一侧面上,将熔喷无纺布层二5贴附在抗菌层二4的远离氨纶布3的一侧面上,然后送入热轧机中热轧,获得弹性熔喷复合无纺布,如图1所示。底布层一1和所述底布层二5的厚度均为0.1~0.13mm。
对比例
一种弹性熔喷无纺布及其制备方法,熔喷复合无纺布通过如下方法制得,并且包括以下步骤:
S1、将聚丙烯均分为两份并分别经过两个螺杆挤出机分段控温反应加热熔融,接着进行纺丝和吹风冷却,采用竖风冷却,由下向上吹风冷却,吹风温度为10~20℃,纺丝产生的纤维通过冷却成网,以10cm的接收距离,在收集装置上收集成布。分别获得无纺布一1和无纺布一3。其中,纺丝速度为25~30m/min。
S2、将无纺布一1和无纺布一3相互贴附获得熔喷无纺布。
表1为不同实施例获得的熔喷复合无纺布的性能
抑菌率(%) 断裂伸长率(%)
实施例1 99% 294
实施例2 97% 281
实施例3 97% 279
对比例 75% 245
由上表可看出,本发明提供的带有抗菌材料的无纺布相对于由聚丙烯单独制备的双层无纺布,其抑菌率更高,且弹性性能更佳。
本发明的一种弹性熔喷无纺布及其制备方法,通过熔融混合聚丙烯、高温稳定剂和光稳定剂制备混合母料,熔融混合银离子粉体、高温稳定剂和树脂制备抗菌母料一,熔融混合碳纤维和树脂制备抗菌母料二,接着分别制备获得底布层一1、抗菌层一2、抗菌层二4和底布层二5,将抗菌层一2和抗菌层二4分别贴附在氨纶布3的两侧表面,然后将熔喷无纺布层一1贴附在抗菌层一2的远离氨纶布3的一侧面上,将熔喷无纺布层二5贴附在抗菌层二4的远离氨纶布3的一侧面上获得弹性熔喷无纺布,从而可以通过氨纶布3和带有碳纤维的抗菌层二4提供弹性性能,从而可以增加本发明的熔喷布的适用范围和寿命,另外,通过碳纤维和银离子粉提升本发明的熔喷布的抗菌性能。
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已,并不用以限制本发明,凡在本发明的精神和原则之内所作的任何修改、等同替换和改进等,均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (10)

1.一种弹性熔喷无纺布,其特征在于:包括熔喷无纺布层一(1)、抗菌层一(2)、氨纶布(3)、抗菌层二(4)和熔喷无纺布层二(5);
所述抗菌层一(2)和所述抗菌层二(4)分别设置在所述氨纶布(3)的两侧表面,所述熔喷无纺布层一(1)设置在所述抗菌层一(2)的远离所述氨纶布(3)的一侧面上,所述熔喷无纺布层二(5)设置在所述抗菌层二(4)的远离所述氨纶布(3)的一侧面上。
2.如权利要求1所述的一种弹性熔喷无纺布的制备方法,其特征在于:包括以下步骤:
S1、制备混合母料:将聚丙烯、高温稳定剂和光稳定剂熔融混合,然后干燥处理制备颗粒状的混合母料;
S2、制备抗菌母料一:将银离子粉体、高温稳定剂和树脂进行熔融混合,制备获得颗粒状的抗菌母料一;
S3、制备抗菌母料二:将碳纤维和树脂进行熔融混合,制备获得颗粒状的抗菌母料二;
S4、将步骤S1制备获得的混合母料按重量均分为混合母料一和混合母料二;
S5、将混合母料一、抗菌母料一、抗菌母料二和混合母料二粒分别经过三个螺杆挤出机分段控温反应加热熔融,接着进行纺丝、成布,分别获得底布层一(1)、抗菌层一(2)、抗菌层二(4)和底布层二(5);
裁切获得预设尺寸的氨纶布(3),备用;
S6、将分抗菌层一(2)和抗菌层二(4)别贴附在氨纶布(3)的两侧表面,将熔喷无纺布层一(1)贴附在抗菌层一(2)的远离氨纶布(3)的一侧面上,将熔喷无纺布层二(5)贴附在抗菌层二(4)的远离氨纶布(3)的一侧面上,然后送入热轧机中热轧,获得弹性熔喷复合无纺布。
3.如权利要求2所述的一种弹性熔喷无纺布的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤S2中,所述银离子粉体、高温稳定剂和树脂的质量比为20.0~25.0:0.1~1.0:74.0~79.9。
4.如权利要求2所述的一种弹性熔喷无纺布的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤S1中熔融温度为190~230℃。
5.如权利要求2所述的一种弹性熔喷无纺布的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤S5中,纺丝速度为25~30m/min。
6.如权利要求2所述的一种弹性熔喷无纺布的制备方法,其特征在于:所述纺丝之后,进一步包括:吹风冷却:采用竖风冷却,由下向上吹风冷却,吹风温度为25~30℃。
7.如权利要求2所述的一种弹性熔喷无纺布的制备方法,其特征在于:所述高温稳定剂为磺酸酚醛树脂;所述光稳定剂为2-羟基-4-正辛氧基二苯甲酮、单苯甲酸间苯二酚酯任意一种或者两种的混合。
8.如权利要求2所述的一种弹性熔喷无纺布的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤S1中,所述聚丙烯、高温稳定剂和光稳定剂的重量比为:97.0~99.0:0.5~1.5:0.5~1.5。
9.如权利要求2所述的一种弹性熔喷无纺布的制备方法,其特征在于:所述底布层一(1)和所述底布层二(5)的厚度均为0.1~0.13mm。
10.如权利要求2所述的一种弹性熔喷无纺布的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤S2和步骤S3中,熔融温度为180℃~220℃。
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