WO2017202268A1 - 一种模块化环形浸出器 - Google Patents

一种模块化环形浸出器 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017202268A1
WO2017202268A1 PCT/CN2017/085394 CN2017085394W WO2017202268A1 WO 2017202268 A1 WO2017202268 A1 WO 2017202268A1 CN 2017085394 W CN2017085394 W CN 2017085394W WO 2017202268 A1 WO2017202268 A1 WO 2017202268A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
section
oil
leaching
tank
relay
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PCT/CN2017/085394
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
尹越峰
刘新旗
沈阳
黄文攀
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迈安德集团有限公司
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Publication of WO2017202268A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017202268A1/zh

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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D11/00Solvent extraction
    • B01D11/02Solvent extraction of solids
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11BPRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
    • C11B1/00Production of fats or fatty oils from raw materials
    • C11B1/10Production of fats or fatty oils from raw materials by extracting
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11BPRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
    • C11B1/00Production of fats or fatty oils from raw materials
    • C11B1/10Production of fats or fatty oils from raw materials by extracting
    • C11B1/108Production of fats or fatty oils from raw materials by extracting after-treatment, e.g. of miscellae
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11BPRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
    • C11B3/00Refining fats or fatty oils
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11BPRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
    • C11B3/00Refining fats or fatty oils
    • C11B3/001Refining fats or fatty oils by a combination of two or more of the means hereafter

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a vegetable oil leaching device, in particular to a modular annular leaching device, belonging to the technical field of oil processing machinery.
  • Leaching is the most critical process in the oil refining process.
  • the principle is to use the mutual solubility of oil and solvent.
  • the solvent penetrates into the solid oil and dissolves the oil to form a concentrated mixed oil. Due to the difference in concentration, the concentrated mixed oil inside the solid oil diffuses to the outside. In the dilute mixture, the oil is extracted.
  • the main equipment in the leaching process is a leaching device. According to the material characteristics and the output, a tank type leaching device, a rotary leaching device or a ring leaching device is generally used.
  • the conventional annular leaching device comprises an endless chain.
  • the lower end of the head of the circular chain is driven by a single drive shaft, the upper end of the head is steered by a curved track, and the curved portion of the tail is a semi-circular track for the upper chain to slide to the lower layer, below the upper chain.
  • An upper grid plate There is an upper grid plate, a lower grid plate is arranged below the lower layer scraper, an upper oil hopper is arranged below the upper grid plate, a lower oil hopper is arranged below the lower grid plate, and a material layer is respectively arranged above the upper and lower grid plates
  • a heavy-duty large scraper is evenly installed along the circumferential direction of the chain, and a spray device is arranged above the upper and lower layers to soak the material, and the leached oil falls into the oil hopper below.
  • the ultra-large annular leaching device with a production capacity of 10,000 tons/day has a chain length of more than 130 meters and a weight of several hundred tons. Each time a failure occurs, the production line is interrupted, causing huge losses. Therefore, the reliability of the equipment is extremely high. .
  • the traditional annular leacher has the following deficiencies:
  • the sprocket on the drive shaft and the chain mesh have large stress and heavy wear; the chain is subjected to tensile force and bending moment at the same time, the stress is large, and there is a chain break phenomenon.
  • the size of the head section and the tail section of the traditional annular leacher is large, especially after the equipment is enlarged, the road transportation is difficult; in order to reduce the resistance, the semicircular track of the tail should adopt a positive arc, but because the transportation conditions are exceeded. Some large arc segments are oval, and the frictional resistance is further increased.
  • the material between the squeegees is flared.
  • the squeegee moves to the lower horizontal section, the adjacent squeegees close to each other and the squeegee loosely collapses.
  • the material is squeezed into a relatively dense material by the scraper, resulting in increased stress of the scraper and the chain, risk of deformation and chain scission, and high maintenance intensity and safety risk.
  • the semi-circular track section of the tail is a cavity filled with wet sputum. There is no process such as immersion and rinsing. The wet sputum and oil can only be stored statically inside.
  • a modular annular leaching device of the present invention comprises a leacher housing and an endless chain in the leacher housing, wherein the annular chain is evenly mounted with a plurality of squeegees, the leaching device
  • the casing is formed by splicing the head casing, the feeding section, the upper leaching section, the lower leaching section, the draining section and the tail casing, and the upper layer of the annular chain is located in the feeding section and the upper leaching section, a lower layer of the endless chain is located in the lower leaching section and the draining section; a right port of the feeding section and a right port of the draining section respectively pass through a flange and upper and lower ends of the head casing Connected, the left port of the upper leaching section and the left port of the lower leaching section are respectively connected to the upper and lower ends of the tail box through a flange, the left port of the feeding section and the upper leaching The right port of the segment is connected by a f
  • the present invention achieves the following beneficial effects: after the endless chain is started, the oil embryo enters from the feeding port at the top of the storage box, and is driven by the feeding device to be laid on the upper layer bed, and the upper layer scraper pushes the material from From right to left, the leaching section advances from the feeding section, and the oil embryo is wetted by the mixed oil spray.
  • the wet raft enters the tail tank from the left end of the upper leaching section, and the material falls to the lower layer bed in the tail casing, and the lower layer
  • the scraper pushes the material from the bottom layer of the tail tank to the right through the lower leaching section and the draining section, and finally reaches the head tank and discharges from the discharge port.
  • the invention divides the huge leaching device into several independent modules, which is convenient for pre-installation and sub-unit transportation in the manufacturing workshop, and can be conveniently connected to the whole at the installation site, thereby greatly reducing the on-site installation workload and construction period.
  • a lower portion of the head case is provided with a lower drive shaft, a lower sprocket is mounted on the lower drive shaft, and an upper portion of the head case is provided with an upper guide;
  • the tail box The upper portion of the body is provided with an upper drive shaft, said upper An upper sprocket is mounted on the drive shaft, a lower tensioning shaft is disposed on a lower portion of the tail housing, and a lower tension sprocket is mounted on the lower tensioning shaft, and the annular chain is sequentially wrapped around the lower chain
  • the upper guiding device is a sliding rail or an upper tensioning sprocket.
  • the invention has a lower drive shaft disposed at the lower right portion of the endless chain, an upper drive shaft disposed at the upper left portion of the endless chain, the upper drive shaft drives the upper chain, and the lower drive shaft drives the lower chain, and the two drive shafts are synchronized and operated at the same torque. More than half of the drive load of a single drive shaft. When the single-axis drive is avoided, the main drive shaft not only drives the chain, but also takes the function of tensioning the chain, avoiding the translation adjustment of the large drive mechanism.
  • the huge tail semi-circular track is eliminated, avoiding the chain clasping on the long semi-circular track friction; the load distribution of the chain and the sprocket is uniform, the stress is small, the wear is reduced by more than half, and the chain is only subjected to tensile load, no The bending moment acts, and the pulling force of the same size leaching chain is only 50% of the original structure, the force condition is fundamentally improved, and the reliability is greatly improved.
  • the upper drive shaft is driven by an upper hydraulic drive
  • the lower drive shaft is driven by a lower hydraulic drive
  • the upper hydraulic drive and the lower hydraulic drive are controlled by the same hydraulic a pumping station
  • the upper hydraulic drive device and the oil inlet of the lower hydraulic drive device are respectively connected to the hydraulic oil supply manifold through an oil supply branch pipe, and the oil return port of the upper hydraulic drive device and the lower hydraulic drive device
  • the hydraulic pumping station comprises a hydraulic oil tank, a hydraulic oil pump and a three-position four-way reversing valve, wherein the hydraulic oil pump is driven by a hydraulic oil pump motor, and the three-position four-way exchange
  • the median function of the valve is M-type
  • the suction port of the hydraulic oil pump is connected to the oil outlet of the hydraulic oil tank
  • the oil suction port of the hydraulic oil tank is installed with an oil suction filter
  • the outlet of the hydraulic oil pump passes through the one-way valve Connected to the P port of the three-position four-way reversing valve
  • the three-position four-way reversing valve is switched to the neutral position by the handle, and the hydraulic oil pump is started.
  • the hydraulic oil in the hydraulic oil tank is filtered by the oil suction filter and then enters the hydraulic oil pump.
  • the P port of the three-position four-way reversing valve is The T port directly conducts the oil return, and the hydraulic oil outputted by the hydraulic oil pump returns to the hydraulic oil tank to realize the no-load start of the hydraulic oil pump motor.
  • the three-position four-way reversing valve is switched to the right position through the handle, and the hydraulic oil enters the hydraulic oil supply main pipe from the A port of the three-position four-way reversing valve, and the hydraulic oil supply main pipe simultaneously enters,
  • the lower hydraulic drive device drives the upper and lower drive shafts to rotate synchronously.
  • the oil return of the upper and lower hydraulic drive units respectively enters the hydraulic oil return oil main pipe, and enters the B port of the three-position four-way reversing valve from the hydraulic oil return main pipe, and then Return to the hydraulic tank from the T port.
  • the three-position four-way reversing valve can be switched to the left position through the handle to realize the reverse rotation of the upper and lower drive shafts, but the material is discharged from the head box as soon as possible. discharge.
  • the hydraulic oil outputted by the hydraulic oil pump is distributed by the hydraulic oil supply manifold to the two oil supply branch pipes, and then enters the upper hydraulic drive device and the lower hydraulic drive device respectively, and then the two oil return pipes are fed into the hydraulic oil return oil main pipe, and then returned to the hydraulic pressure.
  • the fuel tank because the hydraulic oil pressure input by the upper and lower hydraulic drive units is equal, the output torque of the upper and lower drive shafts is theoretically the same, and the hydraulic system automatically balances the pressure to ensure the synchronous operation of the two axes.
  • the upper drive shaft and the lower drive shaft are uniformly mounted in the axial direction, respectively.
  • Each of the material-receiving devices includes a card sleeve that is hound around the outer circumference of the upper drive shaft or the lower drive shaft, and the outer circumferences of each of the card shells are respectively symmetrically provided with a radially outwardly extending lever The ends of each of the levers are respectively connected with blades perpendicular to the axis of the lever.
  • the thickness of the material layer is usually up to 1 meter, the self-weight is relatively large, and it is squeezed during the process of being pushed forward by the scraper.
  • the present invention provides a material-discharging device on the upper drive shaft, and the material-feeding device rotates with the upper drive shaft, such as generating a suspended material column, The blades of the material-dispensing device are forcibly removed to achieve continuous drop, which is favorable for forming a stable and contoured material layer on the lower bed.
  • the material setting device is arranged on the lower drive shaft, so that the material can be discharged to the discharge port of the head box continuously and stably, and the stable feeding of the subsequent evaporation process can be ensured.
  • the squeegee extends along the width direction of the leacher, and the two ends of the squeegee are respectively fixedly connected to the outer link plate of the endless chain, and the outer link plate is hinged by a chain pin
  • the central part of the chain pin is respectively provided with a chain roller, and the top part of the squeegee and the corresponding part of the chain roller are respectively fixed with a wear-resistant slider;
  • the upper part of the circular chain is provided below the upper layer
  • An upper grid plate wherein the upper layer grid is embedded with an upper layer rail in contact with the chain roller; a lower layer grid is disposed below the lower layer blade, and the lower layer grid is embedded with the wear-resistant sliding plate The lower slide rail that the block contacts.
  • the upper chain is rolled on the upper slide rail by the chain roller.
  • the chain roller cannot be supported on the lower slide rail, and the invention is fixed on the top of the scraper with wear-resistant sliding.
  • the block is supported on the lower slide rail by the wear-resisting slider, so that a small gap is formed between the top of the lower scraper and the lower grille; the forward friction of the chain of the invention is small, and the grid is not damaged, and the grid is used.
  • the lower drive shaft is located right below the upper guide, the lower tension axis is located directly below the upper drive shaft; the right side of the upper drive shaft a slide plate is disposed opposite to the left end of the upper grid, the lower end of the slide is inclined to the left, and the lower end of the slide is inclined to the right between the lower end and the lower tension shaft a blank plate directly below the lower end of the baffle plate is provided with a blind plate horizontally butted to the lower grille.
  • the circular chain is trapezoidal, which reduces the wrap angle and resistance of the upper guiding device, increases the wrap angle of the lower tensioning sprocket, provides space for the sliding plate in the tail casing, and the wet shovel slides along the inclined surface of the sliding plate.
  • the baffle plate After sliding out of the bottom of the slide, it hits the baffle plate and then falls on the blind plate; the baffle plate not only plays a role in steering, but also slows down the impact caused by the free fall of the wet crotch; the lower bed in the tail box adopts blindness.
  • the board carries the wet sputum, improves the impact resistance, eliminates the impact energy on the blind plate, and then is dragged to the lower grid by the strip squeegee, and the lower layer bed is formed by the blind slab and the lower grid to avoid Wet smash impact In the gap of the lower grid, it causes leakage and affects the cleanliness of the mixed oil.
  • the structure of the slide plate and the baffle plate saves space and is convenient for transportation; the slide plate and the baffle plate do not cause any friction to the chain, and can be made of ordinary materials, avoiding the use of bolts. Connected, causing solvent leakage at the bolt holes.
  • the upper drive shaft and the lower tensioning shaft of the tail casing of the present invention have good stress conditions and little running resistance.
  • the scraper of the invention can adopt a light strip scraper, and does not need to adopt a heavy-duty large scraper, the surface of the oil embryo and the wet concrete is rough, and the mutual force is combined. Very large, just use a lower height of the light strip scraper to move the layer of the scraper height several times forward.
  • the traditional semi-circular track tail relies on a heavy-duty scraper to push the material down and turn, and the damp is interrupted by the wetting and rinsing during the downward process; the material of the invention slides down by gravity, and does not contact the scraper in the falling section, and can be down Soaking and rinsing continue during the process, greatly increasing the capacity and efficiency of leaching.
  • a new solvent spray tank is disposed below the middle top wall of the drain section, and the inlet of the new solvent spray tank is connected to a new solvent tube, and the left top wall of the drain section
  • An outlet of the section circulating pump is connected to an inlet of the draining tank of the draining section;
  • a plurality of lower leaching section oil hoppers are sequentially arranged below the grid of the lower leaching section, and a plurality of lower leaching sections are provided below the top wall a lower leaching section spray tank, wherein the bottom of the lower leaching section oil tank is respectively connected to the inlet of the lower leaching section circulating pump, and the outlets of each of the lower leaching section circulating pumps are respectively corresponding to the upper lower leaching section of the shower tank inlet Connected to the
  • a plurality of upper leaching section oil hoppers are arranged in sequence, and a plurality of upper leaching section spray tanks are arranged below the top wall of the upper leaching section, and each of the upper leaching section oil hoppers
  • the bottoms of the circulation pump are respectively connected to the inlets of the upper leaching section circulating pumps, and the outlets of the upper leaching section circulating pumps are respectively connected with the inlets of the corresponding upper leaching section spraying tanks;
  • the upper left side wall of the upper leaching section oil tanks is connected a cross-line fuel supply pipe, the inlet of the over-the-line fuel supply pipe is connected to the outlet of the tail tank circulation pump;
  • the left side of the draining oil hopper overflows to the rightmost lower leaching section oil hopper
  • the leaching section oil hopper overflows from right to left step by step, and the leftmost lower leaching section oil hopper overflows to the tail tank oil hopper; the upper leaching section oil hopper overflows from left to right step by
  • the new solvent is sprayed down through the new solvent tube into the new solvent spray tank, and the last soaking and rinsing of the draining section with the lowest oil content is performed, and the oil content is less than 0.8%. Dry base) below the cake, then the cake continues to move to the right into the non-spray section for draining, draining the cake to the right into the head box, and discharging from the discharge port.
  • the new solvent is immersed in the wet sputum and becomes a very low concentration mixed oil. It falls into the draining oil hopper, is pumped out by the leaching section circulating pump and sent to the draining section spray tank to the left part of the draining section.
  • the damp portion of the draining section with the second lowest oil content is soaked and rinsed, and the mixed oil of lower concentration is obtained and falls back into the oil hopper of the draining section, and is discharged by the circulating pump of the draining section.
  • the mixed oil flow overflowing from the oil bucket overflows downwards into the oil hopper, is pumped out by the lower leaching section circulating pump and sent to the lower leaching section spray tank to spray downward, and performs the lower leaching section wet slag with slightly higher oil content.
  • a slightly higher concentration of mixed oil is obtained and falls back to the lower leaching section of the oil hopper, and is circulated by the circulatory pump of the lower leaching section.
  • the lower leaching section oil hopper, the lower leaching section circulation pump and the lower leaching section spray tank are provided in multiple stages from right to left, and the right lower leaching section oil hopper overflows to the left lower leaching section oil hopper in turn.
  • the leftmost lower leaching section overflows the mixed oil flow to the tail tank oil hopper, is pumped out by the tail tank circulation pump and sent to the upper self-circulating spray tank, the lower self-circulating spray tank and the cross-line spray tank Spraying down, wherein the self-circulating spray tank sprays the wet raft on the slide, and the self-circulating spray tank sprays the wet sputum in the lower layer of the tail box, compared with the traditional semi-circular track tail.
  • the immersion and rinsing of the tail is increased, the leaching capacity and efficiency are greatly improved; the cross-flow spray tank sprays the left material layer of the upper leaching section, and the fallen mixed oil enters the upper leaching section oil hopper, realizing The lower layer of mixed oil is transported to the upper layer.
  • the tail tank oil hopper acts as a turning effect for the mixed oil to be sent to the upper layer, and is usually maintained in a semi-empty state, and the amount of extraction is equal to the new amount of the solution + the amount of extraction. If the maximum spray and permeate volume of the over-line spray tank cannot meet the requirements of the upper layer extraction, the corresponding valve can be opened to directly supply the oil to the hopper section through the cross-over fill pipe.
  • the mixed oil with higher oil content in the upper leaching oil hopper is pumped out by the leaching section circulating pump and sent to the upper leaching section spray tank to spray downward, soaking and rinsing the upper leaching section wet slag with higher oil content, A higher concentration of the mixed oil is obtained and falls back into the upper leaching section, and is circulated by the upper leaching section circulating pump.
  • the upper leaching section oil hopper, the upper leaching section circulating pump and the upper leaching section spraying tank are provided with multiple stages from left to right, and the left upper leaching section oil hopper successively overflows to the right upper leaching section oil hopper.
  • the invention realizes the reverse flow of materials and solvents, the freshest solvent soaks the wet oil with the lowest oil content, the mixed oil with a lower concentration soaks the wet oil with slightly higher oil content, and the mixed oil with higher concentration soaks the wet oil with higher oil content. ⁇ , always maintain a large concentration difference between the extract and the wet sputum to ensure the extraction effect.
  • the left and right feed section oil hoppers are arranged below the grid of the feed section, and the left and right feed section spray tanks are arranged below the top wall of the feed section, the rightmost The upper leaching section oil hopper overflows to the right feed section oil hopper through an aqueduct, and the right feed section oil hopper overflows to the left feed section oil hopper; the right feed section oil
  • the bottom of the bucket is connected to the inlet of the right feed section circulating pump, and the outlet of the right feed section circulating pump is connected to the inlet of the left feed section spray tank; the bottom of the left feed section oil tank and the left
  • the inlet of the feed section circulation pump is connected, and the outlet of the left feed section circulation pump is connected to the inlet of the right feed section shower tank.
  • the high-concentration mixed oil overflowing on the right side of the leaching section overflows into the right feed section oil hopper through the aqueduct, is pumped out by the right feed section circulating pump and sent to the left feed section spray tank to spray downward,
  • the wet sputum on the left side of the feed section is immersed and rinsed, and a high concentration of mixed oil is obtained and returned to the left feed section oil hopper, which is then pumped out by the left feed section circulating pump and sent to the right feed section spray tank.
  • the left overflow enters the left feed section.
  • the mixed oil in the bucket contains a large amount of sputum. After the sedimentation, it is easy to cause blockage of pipes, pumps and equipment. It is pumped out by the right feed section circulating pump to the left feed section spray tank, through the left part of the feed section. After the wet layer is filtered, a concentrated oil with less impurities can be obtained from the left feed section oil tank, which facilitates subsequent separation and evaporation. The highest concentration of the mixed oil extracts the oily embryo with the highest oil content, which can maintain a good extraction effect.
  • the upper overflow port of the left feed section oil hopper is connected to the inlet of the leacher discharge pump through an overflow pipe, the outlet of the leacher discharge pump and the inlet of the primary hydrocyclone Connecting, the outlet of the primary hydrocyclone is connected to the inlet of the secondary hydrocyclone, the outlet of the secondary hydrocyclone is connected to the top inlet of the tank, and the lower portion of the temporary tank is oiled
  • the port is connected to the inlet of the mixed oil extraction pump, and the outlet of the mixed oil extraction pump is connected to the inlet of the evaporation system; respectively, the bottom venting port of the first-stage hydrocyclone, the second-stage hydrocyclone and the temporary storage tank respectively Connected to the return manifold, the overflow port of the temporary storage tank is also connected to the return manifold, and the outlet of the return manifold is connected to the inlet of the right feed section shower tank.
  • the concentrated mixed oil overflowing from the upper part of the left feed section is extracted by the leaching oil pump, enters the first-stage hydrocyclone to remove coarse impurities, and then enters the secondary hydrocyclone to remove fine impurities, and then the concentrated mixture is cleaned.
  • the oil enters the temporary storage tank, and is then pumped out of the temporary storage tank by the mixed oil to enter the subsequent evaporation process.
  • the first-stage hydrocyclone, the two-stage hydrocyclone and the mixed oil containing impurities discharged from the bottom of the temporary storage tank are returned to the right feed section spray tank through the return manifold, and the newly entered oil embryo is sprayed, thereby realizing The classification cycle of concentrated oil and all recycling.
  • the feed section, the upper leaching section, the lower leaching section and the top wall of the draining section are respectively provided with a material device for flattening the top surface of the material layer, the material device comprising the material
  • the raft body is provided with a horizontal lower edge inclined toward the incoming material, and the horizontal lower edge is uniformly connected with a plurality of teeth of the insert layer, and the upper end of the material body is suspended from the horizontal axis of the material
  • Upper end of the horizontal axis of the magazine is hinged to the magazine support, and the magazine holder is fixed to the leacher housing.
  • the material body is hung on the horizontal axis of the material, and the horizontal lower edge of the material body scrapes the top of the material layer, and the thrust of the material layer lifts the lower edge of the material body to a certain height to reach an equilibrium state by the self-weight of the material body, and the tooth is raised.
  • a plurality of grooves parallel to each other are formed on the surface of the material layer, which is favorable for the flow and uniform distribution of the mixed oil, and the fresh solvent or the mixed oil spray penetrates downward on the surface of the layer, when the mixed oil spray amount is slightly When it is larger than the permeation amount, the surface of the layer will form a liquid surface.
  • the circulation of the mixed oil reaches the maximum, which is also a suitable state of the process setting.
  • the horizontal lower edge of the material body can avoid the turbulent flow of the mixed oil along the top surface of the layer to ensure the countercurrent. The effect of the extraction.
  • the hydraulic oil pump motor M1 is driven by a frequency converter VFD controlled by a control circuit, and a start button SB1 and a stop button are sequentially connected in series between the live line and the neutral line of the control circuit.
  • the self-protecting contact K1-1 of the control relay, the second normally open contact K1-2 of the main motor control relay is connected in series to the start signal input end of the frequency converter VFD; the level signal output end of the material level transmitter LT Analog signal input terminal with the inverter VFD
  • the AI phase is connected, the analog signal output end AO of the frequency converter VFD is connected with the first signal source input end AI1 of the comparison relay SSR; the signal end output end of the speed measuring switch ZS detecting the forward speed of the leaching chain chain and the speed transmitter SST
  • the signal input end is connected, and the signal output end of the speed transmitter SST is connected to the second signal source input end AI2 of the comparison relay SSR; the comparison signal fault contact of the comparison relay SSR and the third normally open of the main motor control relay
  • the normally open contact KT2-1 of the high level alarm relay KT2 is connected in series with the coil of the forbidden incoming relay K2 and is connected to the live line of the control circuit. Between the zero line; the low level switch LT-L of the level transmitter LT is connected in series with the coil of the low level alarm relay KT3 and is connected between the live line and the neutral line of the control circuit, and the low level alarm relay KT3 Normally closed Disconnecting the first normally-closed contact connected in series KT3-1 KT1-1 between the coils and the main motor control relay K1 stall alarm delay relay delay.
  • the coil of the main motor control relay K1 is energized, the self-protecting contact K1-1 of the main motor control relay is self-protected, and the second normally open contact K1-2 of the main motor control relay is closed to make the frequency conversion
  • the VFD starts to drive the hydraulic oil pump motor M1 to rotate, and the hydraulic pump station drives the chain to advance through the hydraulic drive system; the frequency converter adjusts the rotation speed of the hydraulic oil pump motor M1 according to the material level signal detected by the material level transmitter LT, and provides the driving speed signal.
  • the closed contact KT1-1 is delayed to open, so that the coil of the main motor control relay K1 is de-energized, and the self-protecting contact K1-1 of the main motor control relay,
  • the second motor control relay normally open contacts K1-2 and a third main motor control relay normally open contact K1-3 simultaneously opened, the drive is stopped so VFD endless chain stops.
  • the inverter VFD itself fails, the faulty open contact of the inverter VFD is disconnected to stop the hydraulic oil pump motor M1.
  • the high level switch LT-H When the height of the material layer in the leaching device is too high, the high level switch LT-H is triggered to be closed, the coil of the high level alarm relay KT2 is energized, and the normally open contact KT2-1 of the high level alarm relay KT2 is closed, so that It is forbidden to energize the coil of the incoming relay K2, and a stop feed signal is sent to the feeding circuit.
  • the low level switch LT-L is triggered to close, the coil of the low level alarm relay KT3 is energized, and the normally closed contact of the low level alarm relay KT3 KT3-1 delays the disconnection, causing the coil of the main motor control relay K1 to lose power, and the inverter VFD stops working to stop the endless chain.
  • the comparison relay SSR includes a power module, a CPU, a communication module, an input module, and a relay driving module; the power module converts DC24V into a DC 5V working voltage and provides each module; the CPU inputs the input The two analog signals from the module are converted into digital signals, and then the calculation results are compared.
  • the communication module downloads the program to the CPU or the CPU The data and working status are uploaded to the upper computer; the input module converts the received two 4 to 20 mA current signals into voltage signals of 0 to 5 V, respectively, and sends them to the two analog signal input ends of the CPU, and simultaneously
  • the function of the signal isolation is as follows: the relay driving module receives the low-level control signal sent by the CPU and performs excitation amplification, so that the comparison signal fault contact generates a closing action.
  • the communication module downloads the program to the CPU, and the first signal source input end AI1 of the input module receives the analog signal of the VFD output of the inverter, that is, the driving analog signal, and the second signal source input end of the input module AI2 receives the speed transmitter SST.
  • the analog signal and the actual forward speed analog signal of the chain converts the received two 4 to 20 mA current signals into voltage signals of 0 to 5 V, respectively, and sends them to the two analog signal input terminals P1.1 of the CPU and P1.2;
  • the CPU converts two DC0 ⁇ 5V analog signals transmitted from the input module into 10-bit digital signals, calculates according to the respective ranges, and then compares the calculation results, if the error of the two signal values exceeds the allowable value Then, the P0.5 output low level is sent to the relay drive module, and the relay drive module drives the comparison signal fault contact to close; the communication module can upload the data and working status of the CPU to the upper computer.
  • Figure 1 is a front elevational view of the modular annular leacher of the present invention.
  • Figure 2 is a plan view of Figure 1.
  • Fig. 3 is a perspective view of Fig. 1;
  • Figure 4 is a flow diagram of the material solvent flow of the modular annular leacher of the present invention.
  • Figure 5 is a schematic view of the drive system of the modular annular leacher of the present invention.
  • Figure 6 is a perspective view of the drive system of the modular annular leacher of the present invention.
  • Figure 7 is a piping diagram of the hydraulic system of the modular annular leacher of the present invention.
  • Figure 8 is a perspective view of the transmission system of the modular annular leacher of the present invention.
  • Fig. 9 is an enlarged view of a portion A in Fig. 8.
  • Figure 10 is a structural view of the modular annular leacher tail housing of the present invention.
  • Figure 11 is a perspective view of Figure 10.
  • Figure 12 is a perspective view of the upper drive shaft of the modular annular leacher of the present invention.
  • Figure 13 is a perspective view of the material dispensing device of Figure 12;
  • Figure 14 is a perspective view of the over-line shower tank in the modular annular leacher of the present invention.
  • Figure 15 is a perspective view of the magazine device of the modular annular leacher of the present invention.
  • Figure 16 is a system diagram of a modular annular leacher of the present invention.
  • Figure 17 is a hydraulic schematic diagram of a modular annular leacher of the present invention.
  • Figure 18 is a control circuit diagram of the modular annular leacher of the present invention.
  • Figure 19 is a schematic diagram of the comparison relay of Figure 18.
  • the modular annular leacher of the present invention comprises a leacher housing and an endless chain 15 located in the leacher housing, the annular chain 15 being uniformly mounted with a plurality of squeegees 16, a leaching shell
  • the body is formed by splicing the head box 6, the feeding section 2, the upper leaching section 3, the lower leaching section 4, the draining section 5 and the tail casing 7 with each other, the circular chain 15
  • the upper layer is located in the feed section 2 and the upper leaching section 3
  • the lower layer of the annular chain 15 is located in the lower leaching section 4 and the drain section 5;
  • the right port of the feed section 2 and the right port of the drain section 5 are respectively passed through the flange Connected to the upper and lower ends of the head casing 6,
  • the left port of the upper leaching section 3 and the left port of the lower leaching section 4 are respectively connected to the upper and lower ends of the tail casing 7 through the flange, and the left side of the feeding section 2
  • the port is
  • the upper leaching section 3 and the feed section 2 are supported on the lower leaching section 4 and the drain section 5 by support rods 20, respectively, and the lower leaching section 4, the drain section 5 and the tail box 7 are supported on the ground by the legs 19, respectively.
  • the top of the head box 6 is provided with a head box exhaust outlet 6b
  • the top of the feed section 2 is provided with a feed section exhaust outlet 2f
  • the top of the upper leaching section 3 is provided with an upper leaching section exhaust outlet 3d
  • the tail box The top of the 7 is provided with a head box exhaust outlet 7g, and each exhaust outlet is connected to the inlet of the exhaust condenser C1.
  • the oil embryo enters from the feed port 1a at the top of the storage box 1 and is driven by the feeding device to be laid on the upper layer bed.
  • the upper scraper pushes the material from the right to the left and from the feed section 2 to the upward leaching section.
  • the oil embryo is wetted by the mixed oil spray, and the wet raft enters the tail box 7 from the left end of the upper leaching section 3, and the material falls to the lower layer bed in the tail box 7, and the lower scraper pushes the material from the tail
  • the bottom layer of the casing 7 passes through the lower leaching section 4 and the draining section 5 to the right, and finally reaches the head casing 6 and is discharged from the discharge opening 6a.
  • the invention divides the huge leaching device into several independent modules, which is convenient for pre-installation and sub-unit transportation in the manufacturing workshop, and can be conveniently connected to the whole at the installation site, thereby greatly reducing the on-site installation workload and construction period.
  • the lower part of the head case 6 is provided with a lower drive shaft 11, and the lower drive shaft 11 is provided with a lower sprocket 11b.
  • the upper part of the head case 6 is provided with an upper guide 12; the upper part of the tail case 7 is provided with an upper drive.
  • the shaft 10 has an upper sprocket 10b mounted on the upper drive shaft 10, a lower tensioning shaft 13 at the lower portion of the tail casing 7, and a lower tension sprocket 13a mounted on the lower tensioning shaft 13, and the endless chain 15 is wound in sequence.
  • the upper guide 12 On the lower sprocket 11b, the upper guide 12, the upper sprocket 10b and the lower tension sprocket 13a; the upper guide 12 is a slide rail or an upper tension sprocket.
  • the present invention is provided with a lower drive shaft 11 at the lower right portion of the endless chain 15, and an upper drive shaft 10 at the upper left portion of the endless chain 15, the upper drive shaft 10 drives the upper chain, and the lower drive shaft 11 drives the lower chain, and the two drive shafts are synchronized. With the same torque running, the driving load of the single drive shaft is reduced by more than half. When the single-axis drive is avoided, the main drive shaft not only drives the chain, but also takes the function of tensioning the chain, avoiding the translation adjustment of the large drive mechanism.
  • the huge tail semi-circular track is eliminated, avoiding the chain clasping on the long semi-circular track friction; the load distribution of the chain and the sprocket is uniform, the stress is small, the wear is reduced by more than half, and the chain is only subjected to tensile load, no The bending moment acts, and the pulling force of the same size leaching chain is only 50% of the original structure, the force condition is fundamentally improved, and the reliability is greatly improved.
  • the upper drive shaft 10 and the lower drive shaft 11 are respectively uniformly mounted with a plurality of material discharging devices 18 in the axial direction, and each of the material discharging devices
  • Each of the latching sleeves 18a includes a latching sleeve 18b that is circumferentially attached to the outer periphery of the upper drive shaft 10 or the lower drive shaft 11.
  • the outer circumference of each of the latching shells 18a is symmetrically disposed with a radially outwardly extending lever 18b, and the lever 18b is provided with a shifting lever.
  • the ribs 18c are used to increase the strength, and the ends of the respective levers 18b are respectively connected with the blades 18d perpendicular to the axis of the lever.
  • the thickness of the material layer is usually up to 1 meter, the self-weight is relatively large, and it is squeezed during the process of being pushed forward by the squeegee 16. In addition, it is continuously immersed in the solvent, and the more the material layer is moved, the thicker the wetted surface is. It is easy to agglomerate and arch. When it enters the tail box 7 from the upper leaching section 3, it will fall freely under the action of its own weight. Once the arching occurs, it will easily form a bridge, forming a hanging column, which is large.
  • the present invention provides a material-carrying device 18 on the upper drive shaft 10, and the material-carrying device 18 rotates with the upper drive shaft 10, such as
  • the suspended material column is forcibly pulled down by the blade 18d of the material discharge device 18 to achieve continuous dropping, which is favorable for forming a stable and contoured material layer on the lower layer bed.
  • the material setting device 18 is disposed on the lower drive shaft 11, so that the discharge port 6a of the head casing 6 can be continuously and stably discharged to ensure stable feeding of the subsequent evaporation process.
  • the squeegee 16 extends in the width direction of the hopper, and both ends of the squeegee 16 are fixedly coupled to the outer link plate 15a of the endless chain 15, respectively, and the outer link plate 15a is hinged by the chain pin.
  • the outer side of the inner chain plate 15b is respectively provided with a chain roller 15c in the middle of the chain pin, and the wearable slider 15d is respectively fixed at the corresponding portion of the top of the scraper 16 and the chain roller 15c; the upper grille is provided below the upper layer of the endless chain 15 8.
  • the upper grid 8 is fitted with an upper rail 8a in contact with the chain roller 15c; the lower panel is provided with a lower grid 9 below, and the lower grid 9 is fitted with a lower layer in contact with the wear-resistant slider 15d.
  • Slide rail 9a is fitted with an upper rail 8a in contact with the chain roller 15c; the lower panel is provided with a lower grid 9 below, and the lower grid 9 is fitted with a lower layer in contact with the wear-resistant
  • the upper chain is rolled on the upper slide rail 8a by the chain roller 15c.
  • the chain roller 15c cannot be supported on the lower slide rail 9a due to the upper edge of the squeegee facing downward, and the present invention is fixed on the top of the squeegee.
  • the wear-resistant slider 15d is supported on the lower slide rail 9a by the wear-resistant slider 15d, so that a small gap is formed between the top of the lower scraper and the lower grille 9; the forward friction of the chain of the invention is small,
  • the grid plate has no damage, the grid plate has long service life and low running cost; no contact or zero wear between the squeegee and the grid plate is achieved, and the gap of the grid plate is prevented from being enlarged due to wear, so that excessive cake embryo powder enters the mixed oil.
  • the damage or adverse effect on the leaching system is prolonged, the service life of the leaching device is prolonged, and the frequent inspection and replacement after the wear of the grid plate is avoided, resulting in high running cost.
  • the lower drive shaft 11 is located directly below the upper guide 12, the lower tension shaft 13 is located directly below the upper drive shaft 10, and the right side of the upper drive shaft 10 is disposed opposite the left end of the upper grid 8.
  • the slide 7d, the lower end of the slide 7d is inclined to the left, and the lower end of the slide 7d and the lower tension shaft 13 are provided with a baffle plate 7e inclined to the right, and the lower end of the baffle 7e is directly below A blind plate 7f horizontally butted to the lower grid 9.
  • the endless chain 15 has a trapezoidal shape, which reduces the wrap angle and resistance of the upper guiding device 12, increases the wrap angle of the lower tensioning sprocket 13a, and provides space for the sliding plate 7d in the tail casing 7 to be wet.
  • the inclined surface of the plate 7d slides down, slides out of the bottom of the slide plate 7d, and then hits the baffle plate 7e to turn, and then falls on the blind plate 7f; the baffle plate 7e serves both steering and subtraction.
  • the impact generated by the free fall of the wet box is relieved; the lower layer bed in the tail box 7 is loaded with the wet raft by the blind plate 7f, and the support member is added under the blind plate 7f, thereby improving the impact resistance and eliminating the impact on the blind plate 7f.
  • the structure of the slide plate 7d and the baffle plate 7e greatly saves space and is convenient for transportation; the slide plate 7d and the baffle plate 7e do not have any friction with the chain, and can be made of ordinary materials. Avoid bolting, causing solvent leakage at the bolt holes.
  • the upper drive shaft 10 and the lower tensioning shaft 13 of the tail casing 7 of the present invention are subjected to a good force and the running resistance is small.
  • the scraper of the invention can adopt a light strip scraper, and does not need to adopt a heavy-duty large scraper, the surface of the oil embryo and the wet concrete is rough, and the mutual force is combined. Very large, just use a lower height of the light strip scraper to move the layer of the scraper height several times forward.
  • the material of the invention slides down by gravity, does not contact with the scraper in the falling section, and can continue to soak and rinse in the downward process, thereby greatly improving the productivity and efficiency of the leaching.
  • a new solvent spray tank 5a is arranged below the middle top wall of the drain section 5, the inlet of the new solvent spray tank 5a is connected to the new solvent tube G1, and the drain section is provided below the left top wall of the drain section 5
  • the trough 5b, below the grid of the draining section 5 is provided with a draining oil hopper 5c, the bottom of the draining oil hopper 5c is connected to the inlet of the draining circulating pump B1, and the outlet of the circulating pump B1 is drained and drained.
  • the inlets of the segment shower tanks 5b are connected.
  • a plurality of lower leaching section oil hoppers 4b are sequentially disposed below the grid plate of the lower leaching section 4, and a plurality of lower leaching section shower tanks 4a are disposed below the top wall of the lower leaching section 4, and the bottoms of the lower leaching section oil hoppers 4b are respectively
  • the inlets of the lower leaching section circulating pump B2 are connected, and the outlets of the respective lower leaching section circulating pumps B2 are respectively connected to the inlets of the upper lower leaching section spraying tanks 4a.
  • the bottom of the tail box 7 is provided with a tail tank oil hopper 7c.
  • the upper end of the tail plate 7d is provided with an upper self-circulating spray tank 7a
  • the lower layer of the tail box 7 is provided with a lower self-circulating spray tank 7b.
  • the inlets of the circulating spray tank 7a, the lower self-circulating spray tank 7b, and the over-line spray tank 3a are connected.
  • a plurality of upper leaching section oil hoppers 3c are arranged in the lower part of the upper leaching section 3, and a plurality of upper leaching section spraying tanks 3b are arranged below the top wall of the upper leaching section 3, and the bottoms of the upper leaching section oil hoppers 3c are respectively Connected to the inlet of the upper leaching section circulating pump B3, the outlets of the upper leaching section circulating pump B3 are respectively connected with the inlets of the upper upper leaching section spraying tanks 3b; the upper part of the left side wall of the upper leaching section oil hopper 3c is connected with the crossing lines
  • the charge pipe G2, the inlet of the over-the-line charge pipe G2 is connected to the outlet of the tail tank circulation pump B4.
  • the left side of the drain section oil hopper 5c overflows to the rightmost lower leaching section oil hopper 4b, the lower leaching section oil hopper 4b overflows from right to left step by step, and the leftmost lower leaching section oil hopper 4b direction
  • the tail tank oil hopper 7c overflows; the upper leaching section oil tank 3c overflows from left to right.
  • the new solvent is sprayed downward through the new solvent tube G1 into the new solvent spray tank 5a, and the last soaking and rinsing of the draining section with the lowest oil content is performed, and the oil content is lower than that obtained.
  • the cake below 0.8% (dry basis), then the cake continues to move to the right into the non-spray section for draining, draining the cake to the right into the head box 6, and discharging from the discharge port 6a.
  • the new solvent is immersed in the wet sputum and becomes a mixed oil of extremely low concentration, which falls into the draining oil bucket 5c, is taken out by the draining section circulating pump B1 and sent to the draining section spray tank 5b to the draining section 5 Spraying on the left side, soaking and rinsing the wet section of the draining section with the second lowest oil content, obtaining a lower concentration of mixed oil falling back into the draining section of the oil hopper 5c, and being drained by the circulating pump B1 of the draining section Spray.
  • the mixed oil flow overflowing from the oil hopper 5c of the draining section is leached down to the oil hopper 4b, and is taken out by the lower leaching section circulating pump B2 and sent to the lower leaching section spray tank 4a to be sprayed downward, and the lower leaching of the oil content is slightly higher.
  • the wet sputum is soaked and rinsed, and a slightly higher concentration of mixed oil is obtained, which is returned to the lower leaching section 4b, and is circulated and sprayed by the lower leaching section circulating pump B2.
  • the lower leaching section oil hopper 4b, the lower leaching section circulating pump B2 and the lower leaching section spraying tank 4a are provided in multiple stages from right to left, and the right lower leaching section oil hopper 4b is sequentially turned to the left lower leaching section oil hopper 4b overflow.
  • the tail soaking and rinsing is added, which greatly improves the leaching capacity and efficiency; the over-line spray tank 3a sprays the left part of the upper leaching section 3, and falls.
  • the mixed oil enters the upper leaching section oil hopper 3c, and the lower layer mixed oil is transported to the upper layer.
  • the tail tank oil hopper 7c serves as a revolving action of the mixed oil to the upper layer, and is usually maintained in a semi-empty state, and the amount of extraction is equal to the new amount of the solution + the amount of extraction. If the maximum spray and permeation amount of the over-line spray tank 3a cannot meet the demand of the upper layer extraction, the corresponding valve can be opened to directly supply the oil to the section hopper 3c through the cross-over supply line G2.
  • the mixed oil with higher oil content in the upper leaching section 3c is taken out by the upper leaching section circulating pump B3 and sent to the upper leaching section spray tank 3b to be sprayed downward, soaking the upper leaching section wet slag with higher oil content and After rinsing, a higher concentration of the mixed oil is returned to the upper leaching section 3c, and is circulated by the upper leaching section circulating pump B3.
  • the upper leaching section oil hopper 3c, the upper leaching section circulating pump B3 and the upper leaching section spraying tank 3b are provided with multiple stages from left to right, and the left upper leaching section oil hopper 3c sequentially goes to the right upper leaching section oil hopper 3c overflow.
  • the invention realizes the reverse flow of materials and solvents, and the freshest solvent soaks the wet oil with the lowest oil content, the concentration A slightly lower mixed oil soaks the wet oil with a slightly higher oil content, and the mixed oil with a higher concentration soaks the wet oil with higher oil content, and always maintains a large concentration difference between the extract and the wet tissue to ensure the extraction effect.
  • the left and right feed section oil hoppers 2e are arranged below the grid of the feed section 2, and the left and right feed section spray tanks 2c are arranged below the top wall of the feed section 2, and the rightmost upper leaching section oil hopper 3c overflows to the right feed section oil hopper 2e through the aqueduct 2a, the right feed section oil hopper 2e overflows to the left feed section oil hopper 2d; the bottom feed section of the right feed section 2e and the right feed section circulating pump B5
  • the inlet is connected, the outlet of the right feed section circulating pump B5 is connected to the inlet of the left feed section spray tank 2b; the bottom of the left feed section oil hopper 2d is connected to the inlet of the left feed section circulating pump B6, left feed
  • the outlet of the section circulating pump B6 is connected to the inlet of the right feed section shower tank 2c.
  • the high-concentration mixed oil overflowing on the rightmost upper leaching section 3c enters the right feed section oil hopper 2e through the aqueduct 2a, is extracted by the right feed section circulating pump B5, and is sent to the left feed section spray tank 2b.
  • the mixed oil falling into the right feed section 2b contains a large amount of sputum, which may cause blockage of pipes, pumps and equipment after settling.
  • the right feed section circulating pump B5 is pumped out to the left feed section spray tank 2b for spraying, and after filtering through the wet layer of the left part of the feed section, the impurity content can be obtained from the left feed section oil hopper 2d.
  • Concentrated mixed oil for subsequent separation and evaporation. The highest concentration of the mixed oil extracts the oily embryo with the highest oil content, which can maintain a good extraction effect.
  • the upper overflow port of the left feed section oil hopper 2d is connected to the inlet of the leacher discharge pump B7 through the overflow pipe, and the outlet of the leaching oil discharge pump B7 is connected to the inlet of the primary hydrocyclone H1, and the first-stage hydrocyclone is separated.
  • the outlet of the H1 is connected to the inlet of the secondary hydrocyclone H2, and the outlet of the secondary hydrocyclone H2 is connected to the top inlet of the tank T1, and the lower outlet of the tank T1 and the mixed oil pump B8 are temporarily connected.
  • the inlet is connected, and the outlet of the mixed oil pump B8 is connected to the inlet of the evaporation system ZF; the bottom liquid discharge port of the first-stage hydrocyclone H1 and the second-stage hydrocyclone H2 and the temporary storage tank T1 are respectively connected to the return main pipe G3.
  • the overflow port of the temporary tank T1 is also connected to the return header G3, and the outlet of the return header G3 is connected to the inlet of the right feed section shower tank 2c.
  • the concentrated mixed oil overflowing from the upper part of the left feed section oil hopper 2d is taken out by the leaching oil discharge pump B7, enters the first-stage hydrocyclone H1 to remove the coarse impurities, and then enters the secondary hydrocyclone H2 to remove fine impurities, and then The clean concentrated oil enters the temporary storage tank T1, and is taken out from the temporary storage tank T1 by the mixed oil extraction pump B8 to proceed to the subsequent evaporation process.
  • the first-stage hydrocyclone H1, the second-stage hydrocyclone H2 and the impurity-containing mixed oil discharged from the bottom of the temporary storage tank T1 are returned to the right feed section spray tank 2c through the return manifold G3, and the newly entered oil embryos are subjected to Spraying, achieving a graded circulation of concentrated oil and All recycled.
  • Drain section circulating pump B1 lower leaching section circulating pump B2, upper leaching section circulating pump B3, tail tank circulating pump B4, right feed section circulating pump B5, left feed section circulating pump B6 and leaching unit outlet pump B7
  • the inlets are respectively connected to the oil discharge header G4.
  • the feed section 2, the upper leaching section 3, the lower leaching section 4 and the top wall of the drain section 5 are respectively provided with a magazine device 17 for scraping the top surface of the material layer, and the magazine device 17 comprises a magazine body 17a.
  • the cymbal body 17a is provided with a horizontal lower edge inclined to the incoming material direction, and a plurality of inserting teeth 17b are evenly connected on the horizontal lower edge, and the upper end of the material body 17a is suspended on the horizontal axis 17c of the material, and the horizontal axis of the material Both ends of the 17c are hinged to the magazine holder 17d, and the magazine holder 17d is fixed to the hopper housing.
  • the magazine body 17a is hung on the magazine horizontal shaft 17c, and the horizontal lower edge of the magazine body 17a scrapes the top of the material layer, and the thrust of the material layer lifts the lower edge of the material body to a certain height against the weight of the material body 17a.
  • the molars 17b are inserted into the material layer to form parallel grooves on the surface of the material layer, which is favorable for the flow and uniform distribution of the mixed oil, and the fresh solvent or the mixed oil spray penetrates down the surface of the material layer when mixing.
  • the amount of oil spray is slightly larger than the amount of permeation, the surface of the layer will form a liquid surface.
  • the circulation of the mixed oil reaches the maximum, which is also a suitable state of the process setting.
  • the horizontal lower edge of the body 17a can avoid the mixed oil along the top of the layer.
  • the surface turbulence ensures the effect of countercurrent extraction.
  • the outer surface of the leacher housing is evenly provided with a plurality of outwardly protruding shell ribs 21, and each shell rib 21 divides the outer surface of the leacher shell into a plurality of square spaces, respectively embedded in each square space
  • the shell rib 21 not only improves the strength of the shell, but also facilitates the installation and fixation of the heat insulating material, and also facilitates the fixing of the outer skin.
  • the height of the shell ribs in the middle of the top surface of the casing is higher than that on both sides, and the skin is formed in a state in which the middle and the upper sides are low, so that the top surface of the casing does not accumulate water.
  • the upper drive shaft 10 is driven by the upper hydraulic drive unit 10a
  • the lower drive shaft 11 is driven by the lower hydraulic drive unit 11a
  • the upper hydraulic drive unit 10a and the lower hydraulic drive unit 11a are controlled by the same hydraulic unit.
  • the pumping station 14 the oil inlets of the upper hydraulic drive device 10a and the lower hydraulic drive device 11a are respectively connected to the hydraulic oil supply manifold through the oil supply branch pipe, and the oil return ports of the upper hydraulic drive device 10a and the lower hydraulic drive device 11a are respectively passed back.
  • the oil branch pipe is connected to the hydraulic oil return oil main pipe.
  • the hydraulic pump station 14 includes a hydraulic oil tank 14a, a hydraulic oil pump and a three-position four-way reversing valve 14h.
  • the hydraulic oil pump is driven by a hydraulic oil pump motor, and the middle position function of the three-position four-way reversing valve 14h is M type, and the suction port of the hydraulic oil pump is The oil outlet of the hydraulic oil tank 14a is connected and the oil suction filter is installed at the oil outlet of the hydraulic oil tank 14a.
  • the outlet of the hydraulic oil pump is connected to the P port of the three-position four-way switching valve 14h through the one-way valve 14f, three-position four-way
  • the T port of the reversing valve is connected to the oil return port of the hydraulic oil tank 14a, the A port of the three-position four-way reversing valve is connected with the hydraulic oil supply main pipe, the B port of the three-position four-way reversing valve and the hydraulic oil returning oil main pipe Connected.
  • a manual ball valve 14c and a suspension throat 14d are provided between the suction port of the hydraulic oil pump and the oil outlet of the hydraulic oil tank 14a;
  • a pressure oil filter 14g is provided between the valve 14f and the P port of the three-position four-way switching valve 14h.
  • the top of the hydraulic oil tank 14a is open to the atmosphere through the air filter 14a1, and the liquid level liquid temperature gauge 14a2 is mounted on the side wall of the hydraulic oil tank 14a.
  • the three-position four-way switching valve 14h is switched to the neutral position by the handle, and the hydraulic oil pump is started.
  • the hydraulic oil in the hydraulic oil tank is filtered by the oil suction filter 14b and then enters the hydraulic oil pump.
  • the three-position four-way reversing valve P The port and the T port are directly turned back to the oil, and the hydraulic oil outputted by the hydraulic oil pump is returned to the hydraulic oil tank to realize the no-load start of the hydraulic oil pump motor.
  • the three-position four-way reversing valve 14h is switched to the right position by the handle, and the hydraulic oil enters the hydraulic oil supply main pipe from the A port of the three-position four-way reversing valve, and the hydraulic oil supply main pipe simultaneously enters.
  • the lower hydraulic drive device 11a drives the upper drive shaft 10 and the lower drive shaft 11 to rotate synchronously, and the oil return of the upper hydraulic drive device 10a and the lower hydraulic drive device 11a respectively enters the hydraulic oil returning oil main pipe, and enters the hydraulic oil returning oil main pipe into three Bit B of the four-way reversing valve, and then return to the hydraulic tank from the T port.
  • the three-position four-way reversing valve 14h can be switched to the left position by the handle, and the reverse rotation of the upper drive shaft 10 and the lower drive shaft 11 is realized, but the material is quickly removed from the head box.
  • the discharge port of the body is discharged.
  • the hydraulic oil pump motor M1 is controlled by the frequency converter VFD, and the circuit breaker QM1 and the thermal relay FC1 are connected in series in the main circuit, and the inverter VFD is controlled by the control circuit.
  • the control circuit adopts 24V DC power, and the start button SB1, the stop button SB2, the fault disconnecting contact of the inverter VFD, and the delay opening of the stall alarm delay relay KT1 are sequentially connected in series between the positive and negative terminals of the control loop.
  • the self-protection contact K1-1 of the main motor control relay is connected in parallel with the two ends of the start button SB1, and the second normally open contact K1-2 of the main motor control relay is connected in series to the inverter The start signal input of the VFD.
  • the level signal output end of the level transmitter LT is connected to the analog signal input terminal AI of the inverter VFD, and the analog signal output terminal AO of the inverter VFD is connected to the first signal source input terminal AI1 of the comparison relay SSR.
  • the signal output end of the speed measuring switch ZS for detecting the forward speed of the leaching chain is connected to the signal input end of the speed transmitter SST, and the signal output end of the speed transmitter SST is connected with the second signal source input end AI2 of the comparison relay SSR;
  • the comparison signal fault contact of the comparison relay SSR is connected in series with the coil of the third normally open contact K1-3 of the main motor control relay and the stall of the stall alarm delay relay KT1, and is connected between the positive and negative terminals of the control loop.
  • the stall alarm indicator H1 is connected in parallel with the coil of the stall alarm delay relay KT1.
  • the coil of the main motor control relay K1 is energized, the self-protecting contact K1-1 of the main motor control relay is self-protected, and the second normally open contact K1-2 of the main motor control relay is closed to make the frequency conversion
  • the VFD starts to drive the hydraulic oil pump motor M1 to rotate, and the hydraulic pump station drives the chain to advance through the hydraulic drive system.
  • the frequency converter adjusts the rotation speed of the hydraulic oil pump motor M1 according to the material level signal detected by the material level transmitter LT, and supplies the driving speed signal to the first signal source input end of the comparison relay SSR.
  • Speed switch ZS detects the leacher The actual forward speed of the chain, and the actual speed signal of the chain is supplied to the second signal source input of the comparison relay SSR through the speed transmitter SST; if the driving speed signal and the actual speed signal of the chain appear relatively large errors, the relay SSR is compared The comparison signal fault contact is closed, the stall alarm indicator H1 is lit, and the coil of the stall alarm delay relay KT1 is energized, and the delay of the stall alarm delay relay is turned off, and the normally closed contact KT1-1 is delayed.
  • the coil of the main motor control relay K1 is de-energized, the self-protecting contact K1-1 of the main motor control relay, the second normally open contact K1-2 of the main motor control relay and the third normally open contact of the main motor control relay
  • K1-3 is disconnected at the same time, the inverter VFD stops working and the endless chain stops moving forward.
  • the high level switch LT-H of the level transmitter LT is connected in series with the coil of the high level alarm relay KT2 and is connected between the positive and negative poles of the control circuit.
  • the high level alarm relay KT2 has high material in parallel at both ends of the coil.
  • the position alarm indicator H2, the normally open contact KT2-1 of the high level alarm relay KT2 is connected in series with the coil of the forbidden incoming relay K2 and is connected between the positive and negative terminals of the control circuit. It is forbidden to have the incoming incoming light H5 connected in parallel at both ends of the coil of the incoming relay K2.
  • the high level switch LT-H When the height of the material layer in the leaching device is too high, the high level switch LT-H is triggered to close, the high level alarm indicator H2 is lit, and the coil of the high level alarm relay KT2 is energized, and the high level alarm relay KT2 The normally open contact KT2-1 is closed, so that the coil of the forbidden incoming relay K2 is energized, the incoming light indicator H5 is prohibited from being lit, and the feed signal is stopped to the feeding circuit.
  • the low level switch LT-L of the level transmitter LT is connected in series with the coil of the low level alarm relay KT3, and is connected between the positive and negative poles of the control loop.
  • the low level alarm relay KT3 has a low material connected in parallel at both ends of the coil.
  • the normally closed contact KT3-1 of the low level alarm relay KT3 is connected in series between the delay open contact KT1-1 of the stall alarm delay relay and the coil of the main motor control relay K1.
  • the hydraulic oil supply manifold is equipped with an over-oil pressure alarm switch PT-H and a low oil pressure alarm switch PT-L.
  • the super-oil pressure alarm switch PT-H is connected in series with the hydraulic system fault indicator H4 and connected to the positive and negative of the control loop. Between the poles, the low oil pressure alarm switch PT-L is connected in series with the fourth normally open contact K1-4 of the main motor control relay and in parallel with the super oil pressure alarm switch PT-H.
  • the super oil pressure alarm switch PT-H is closed to make the hydraulic system fault indicator H4 light up; the fourth normally open contact K1-4 of the main motor control relay is in the suction state, that is, hydraulic pressure.
  • the low oil pressure alarm switch PT-L is closed to cause the hydraulic system fault indicator H4 to illuminate.
  • the comparison relay SSR includes a power module, a CPU, a communication module, an input module, and a relay.
  • the power module converts DC24V into DC 5V working voltage and supplies it to each module; the CPU converts the two analog signals transmitted from the input module into digital signals, and then compares the calculation results, if the error of the two signal values When the allowable value is exceeded, the relay drive module outputs a low level to drive the comparison signal fault contact action; the communication module downloads the program to the CPU or uploads the data and working status of the CPU to the host computer; the input module will receive The two 4 ⁇ 20mA current signals are converted into 0 ⁇ 5V voltage signals, and sent to the two analog signal input terminals of the CPU, which simultaneously acts as a signal isolation; the relay drive module receives the low power sent by the CPU. After the control signal is leveled and the excitation is amplified, the comparison signal fault contact is caused to close.
  • the communication module downloads the program to the CPU, and the first signal source input end AI1 of the input module receives the analog signal of the VFD output of the inverter, that is, the driving analog signal, and the second signal source input end of the input module AI2 receives the speed transmitter SST.
  • the analog signal and the actual forward speed analog signal of the chain converts the received two 4 to 20 mA current signals into voltage signals of 0 to 5 V, respectively, and sends them to the two analog signal input terminals P1.1 of the CPU and P1.2;
  • the CPU converts two DC0 ⁇ 5V analog signals transmitted from the input module into 10-bit digital signals, calculates according to the respective ranges, and then compares the calculation results, if the error of the two signal values exceeds the allowable value Then, the P0.5 output low level is sent to the relay drive module, and the relay drive module drives the comparison signal fault contact to close; the communication module can upload the data and working status of the CPU to the upper computer.
  • the power module uses the LM7805 regulator block, the CPU uses the STC15F2K60S2 microcontroller, the communication module uses the MAX485 chip, and the input module uses the WS1521 signal isolator.
  • the speed transmitter SST can be used with KFU8-FSSP-1 type, brand PfF P+F.

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Abstract

一种模块化环形浸出器,包括浸出器壳体及位于浸出器壳体中的环形链条(15),环形链条(15)上均匀安装有多个刮板(16),浸出器壳体由头部箱体(6)、进料段(2)、上浸出段(3)、下浸出段(4)、沥干段(5)和尾部箱体(7)相互拼接而成,环形链条(15)的上层位于进料段(2)与上浸出段(3)中,环形链条(15)的下层位于下浸出段(4)与沥干段(5)中;进料段(2)的右端口与沥干段(5)的右端口分别通过法兰与头部箱体(6)的上下两端相连接,上浸出段(3)的左端口与下浸出段(4)的左端口分别通过法兰与尾部箱体(7)的上下两端相连接,进料段(2)的左端口与上浸出段(3)的右端口通过法兰相连接,下浸出段(4)的右端口与沥干段(5)的左端口通过法兰相连接;进料段(2)的右端上部连接有存料箱(1),存料箱(1)的顶部设有进料口(1a),头部箱体(6)的底部设有出料口(6a)。该环形浸出器日浸出产量大,便于运输和安装,故障少。

Description

一种模块化环形浸出器 技术领域
本发明涉及一种植物油浸出设备,尤其涉及一种模块化环形浸出器,属于油脂加工机械技术领域。
背景技术
浸出是油脂精炼工艺中最为关键的工序,其原理是利用油脂与溶剂的互溶性,溶剂渗透到固体油料,溶解油脂形成浓混合油,由于存在浓度差,固体油料内部的浓混合油扩散到外部的稀混合油中,把油脂萃取出来。浸出工序中的主要设备为浸出器,根据物料特性和产量,一般采用罐组式浸出器、平转式浸出器或环式浸出器等。
传统的环形浸出器包括环形链条,环形链条的头部下端采用单驱动轴驱动,头部上端采用弧形轨道转向,尾部弯曲段采用半圆形轨道供上层链条滑动转向至下层,上层链条的下方设有上层栅板,下层刮板下方设有下层栅板,上层栅板的下方设有上层油斗,下层栅板的下方设有下层油斗,上、下层栅板的上方分别为设有料层,沿链条的周向均匀安装有重型大刮板,上、下料层的上方分别设有喷淋装置,对物料进行浸泡萃取,浸出的油脂落入下方的油斗中。
生产能力达10000吨/日的超大型环形浸出器,其链条长度达130米以上,设备重量达数百吨,每发生一次故障造成生产线中断都会造成巨大损失,因此对设备的可靠性要求特别高。传统环形浸出器存在以下不足之处:
1.驱动轴上的链轮与链条啮合处应力大,磨损重;链条同时受到拉力和弯矩作用,应力大,时有断链现象。
2.采用重型大刮板,对轨道耐磨性要求极高,需采用硬度HB600以上的耐磨钢作为滑轨,难以采购,可焊性差,必须采用螺栓联接,螺栓穿孔处加工困难且密闭性差,运行过程中振动、冲击等原因会使密封垫处松脱,从而导致溶剂泄漏。
3.传统环形浸出器的头段和尾弧段结构尺寸大,尤其是设备大型化后,公路运输困难;为减小阻力,尾部半圆形轨道宜采用正圆弧,但因为超出运输条件限制,部分大型圆弧分段采用椭圆形,摩擦阻力进一步增大。
4.在尾部半圆形轨道翻转处,刮板之间的物料呈喇叭形散开,当刮板运动到下层水平段处后,相邻刮板间收口至相互平行状态,刮板间松散垮塌的物料被刮板挤压成相对密实,导致刮板和链条的应力增大,有变形和断链风险,检修强度及安全风险大。
5.尾部半圆形轨道段为充满湿粕的空腔,无浸泡、淋洗等工艺过程,湿粕和油料在内部只能静态存储。
6.为保证尾部半圆形轨道段的物料先进先出,重型大刮板的底部随链条被抱紧在轨道上,重型大刮板的上缘贴着壳体外圆弧的内壁刮料,造成重型大刮板的高度比较高。当重型大刮板转至下层时,刮板的下缘与栅板之间刮擦导致磨损加重,且大面积摩擦导致摩擦力增加,磨损加剧,尤其是栅板为轻型不锈钢篦条制成,磨损易导致篦条间隙变大,使过多的粉末进入混合油中,对浸出系统产生危害;栅板磨损后须经常检查、更换,导致运行成本高。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于,克服现有技术中存在的问题,提供一种模块化环形浸出器,日浸出产量大,便于运输和安装。
为解决以上技术问题,本发明的一种模块化环形浸出器,包括浸出器壳体及位于浸出器壳体中的环形链条,所述环形链条上均匀安装有多个刮板,所述浸出器壳体由头部箱体、进料段、上浸出段、下浸出段、沥干段和尾部箱体相互拼接而成,所述环形链条的上层位于所述进料段与上浸出段中,所述环形链条的下层位于所述下浸出段与沥干段中;所述进料段的右端口与所述沥干段的右端口分别通过法兰与所述头部箱体的上下两端相连接,所述上浸出段的左端口与所述下浸出段的左端口分别通过法兰与所述尾部箱体的上下两端相连接,所述进料段的左端口与所述上浸出段的右端口通过法兰相连接,所述下浸出段的右端口与所述沥干段的左端口通过法兰相连接;所述进料段的右端上部连接有存料箱,所述存料箱的顶部设有进料口,所述头部箱体的底部设有出料口;所述头部箱体、进料段、上浸出段与尾部箱体的顶部分别设有尾气出口。
相对于现有技术,本发明取得了以下有益效果:环形链条启动后,油料胚从存料箱顶部的进料口进入,在喂料装置驱动下铺在上层料床上,上层刮板推动物料自右向左从进料段向上浸出段前进,油料胚被混合油喷淋后成为湿粕,湿粕从上浸出段的左端进入尾部箱体,在尾部箱体中物料落至下层料床上,下层刮板推动物料从尾部箱体的底层向右依次经过下浸出段和沥干段,最后到达头部箱体从出料口排出。物料在前进过程中,萃取液不断对物料进行喷淋、浸泡及萃取,浸出的油脂落入下方的油斗中。本发明将巨大的浸出器分割成几个独立模块,便于在制造车间的预装及分单元运输,到安装现场可以很方便地连接成整体,大大减少了现场安装工作量及施工周期。
作为本发明的改进,所述头部箱体的下部设有下驱动轴,所述下驱动轴上安装有下链轮,所述头部箱体的上部设有上导向装置;所述尾部箱体的上部设有上驱动轴,所述上 驱动轴上安装有上链轮,所述尾部箱体的下部设有下张紧轴,所述下张紧轴上安装有下张紧链轮,所述环形链条依次绕包在所述下链轮、上导向装置、上链轮和下张紧链轮上;所述上导向装置为滑轨或上张紧链轮。本发明在环形链条的右下部设置了下驱动轴,在环形链条的左上部设置了上驱动轴,上驱动轴带动上层链条,下驱动轴带动下层链条,两驱动轴同步、同转矩运行,比单驱动轴的驱动负荷减少一半以上。避免了单轴驱动时,主驱动轴既要驱动链条,又要承担张紧链条的功能,避免了大型驱动机构的平移调节。取消了巨大的尾部半圆形轨道,避免链条抱紧在很长的半圆形轨道摩擦;链条和链轮的载荷分布均匀,应力小,磨损减小一半以上,链条仅受拉伸载荷,无弯矩作用,且同规格浸出器链条拉力仅为原结构的50%,受力状况得到根本性改善,可靠性大为提高。
作为本发明的进一步改进,所述上驱动轴由上液压驱动装置驱动,所述下驱动轴由下液压驱动装置驱动,所述上液压驱动装置和所述下液压驱动装置受控于同一个液压泵站,所述上液压驱动装置与所述下液压驱动装置的进油口分别通过供油支管与液压油供油总管相连,所述上液压驱动装置与所述下液压驱动装置的回油口分别通过回油支管与液压油回油总管相连;所述液压泵站包括液压油箱、液压油泵和三位四通换向阀,所述液压油泵由液压油泵电机驱动,所述三位四通换向阀的中位机能为M型,所述液压油泵的吸口与所述液压油箱的出油口相连且液压油箱的出油口处安装有吸油过滤器,所述液压油泵的出口通过单向阀与所述三位四通换向阀的P口相连,所述三位四通换向阀的T口与所述液压油箱的回油口相连,所述三位四通换向阀的A口与所述液压油供油总管相连,所述三位四通换向阀的B口与所述液压油回油总管相连。先通过手柄将三位四通换向阀切换至中位,启动液压油泵,液压油箱里的液压油经吸油过滤器过滤后进入液压油泵,此时由于三位四通换向阀的P口与T口直接导通回油,液压油泵输出的液压油回到液压油箱实现液压油泵电机的空载启动。正常工作时,通过手柄将三位四通换向阀切换至右工位,液压油从三位四通换向阀的A口进入液压油供油总管,由液压油供油总管同时进入上、下液压驱动装置,驱动上、下驱动轴同步转动,上、下液压驱动装置的回油分别进入液压油回油总管,从液压油回油总管进入三位四通换向阀的B口,再从T口回到液压油箱。在浸出器启动调试少量进料后,可通过手柄将三位四通换向阀切换至左工位,实现上、下驱动轴的反向转动,可是物料尽快从头部箱体的出料口排出。液压油泵输出的液压油由液压油供油总管分配到两供油支管,再分别进入上液压驱动装置和下液压驱动装置,再由两回油支管汇入液压油回油总管,然后回到液压油箱;因为上、下液压驱动装置输入的液压油压力相等,上、下驱动轴的输出扭矩理论上相同,由液压系统自动平衡压力,保证两轴同步平稳运行。
作为本发明的进一步改进,所述上驱动轴和所述下驱动轴分别沿轴向均匀安装有多 个拨料装置,各所述拨料装置分别包括合围抱接在所述上驱动轴或下驱动轴外周的卡壳,各所述卡壳的外周分别对称设有沿径向向外伸出的拨杆,各所述拨杆的端部分别连接有垂直于拨杆轴线的桨叶。料层的厚度通常达1米,自重比较大,在被刮板推动前进过程中受到挤压,加上持续受到溶剂的浸泡,越往前进料层就越密实,湿粕的表面比较粗糙,很容易结块结拱,在从上浸出段进入尾部箱体时,正常会在自重的作用下自由掉落,一旦发生结拱则容易产生搭桥,形成悬出的料柱,呈大块状掉落,使下层料床难以形成稳定、同高的料层,影响后续浸出;本发明在上驱动轴上设置拨料装置,拨料装置随上驱动轴旋转,如产生悬出的料柱,会被拨料装置的桨叶强制拨下,实现连续掉落,利于在下层料床上形成稳定、等高的料层。同理,在下驱动轴上设置拨料装置,可以实现持续稳定地向头部箱体的出料口出料,保证后续蒸发工序的稳定进料。
作为本发明的进一步改进,所述刮板沿浸出器的幅宽方向延伸,所述刮板的两端分别固定连接在所述环形链条的外链板上,所述外链板通过链销铰接在内链板的外侧,所述链销的中部分别套装有链条滚轮,所述刮板的顶部与所述链条滚轮相应的部位分别固定有耐磨滑块;所述环形链条的上层下方设有上层栅板,所述上层栅板上嵌装有与所述链条滚轮接触的上层滑轨;下层刮板的下方设有下层栅板,所述下层栅板上嵌装有与所述耐磨滑块接触的下层滑轨。上层链条通过链条滚轮在上层滑轨上滚动,当链条转至下层时,由于刮板的上缘朝下,链条滚轮无法支撑在下层滑轨上,本发明在刮板的顶部固定有耐磨滑块,通过耐磨滑块支撑在下层滑轨上,使下层刮板的顶部与下层栅板之间形成很小的间隙;本发明链条的前进摩擦力小,对栅板无损伤,栅板使用寿命长,运行成本低;实现了刮板与栅板之间无接触、零磨损,避免栅板因磨损而间隙变大,使过多的饼胚粉末进入混合油中,对浸出系统产生危害或不利影响,延长了浸出器的使用寿命,也避免了栅板磨损后的经常检查、更换,导致运行成本高。
作为本发明的进一步改进,所述下驱动轴位于所述上导向装置的正下方右侧,所述下张紧轴位于所述上驱动轴的正下方左侧;所述上驱动轴的右侧设有与所述上层栅板的左端头相对接的溜板,所述溜板的下端向左倾斜,所述溜板的下端头与所述下张紧轴之间设有向右倾斜的挡料板,所述挡料板的下端头正下方设有与所述下层栅板水平对接的盲板。环形链条呈梯形,减小了上导向装置的包角与阻力,增大了下张紧链轮的包角,为尾部箱体中的溜板提供了空间,湿粕沿溜板的斜面滑落,滑出溜板底部后撞在挡料板转向,然后掉落在盲板上;挡料板既起到转向作用,又减缓了湿粕自由落体产生的冲击;尾部箱体中的下层料床采用盲板承载落下湿粕,提高了抗冲击能力,在盲板上消除冲击能量后再经条形刮板拖动到下层栅板上浸洗,由盲板与下层栅板共同构成下层料床,避免湿粕冲击进入 下层栅板的缝隙中,造成漏料,影响混合油的清洁度。采用溜板与挡料板的结构与半圆形轨道的尾部相比,大大节约了空间,便于运输;溜板与挡料板不予链条发生任何摩擦,可以采用普通的材料制作,避免采用螺栓连接,导致螺栓孔处的溶剂泄漏。与传统结构中链条抱紧在尾部半圆形轨道上滑动相比,本发明尾部箱体中上驱动轴和下张紧轴的受力状况好,运行阻力很小。尾部由于不需要刮板进行自上而下转向刮料,本发明的刮板可以采用轻型条形刮板,无须采用重型大刮板,油料胚及湿粕的表面粗糙,相互之间的结合力很大,只需采用较低高度的轻型条形刮板就可以使几倍于刮板高度的料层向前移动。传统的半圆形轨道尾部依靠重型刮板推动物料下行并转向,转向下行过程中湿粕中断了浸泡和淋洗;本发明的物料依靠重力下滑,在下落段不与刮板接触,可以在下行过程中继续进行浸泡和淋洗,大大提高了浸出的产能和效率。
作为本发明的进一步改进,所述沥干段的中部顶壁下方设有新溶剂喷淋槽,所述新溶剂喷淋槽的入口与新溶剂管相连,所述沥干段的左部顶壁下方设有沥干段喷淋槽,所述沥干段的栅板下方设有沥干段油斗,所述沥干段油斗的底部与沥干段循环泵的入口相连,所述沥干段循环泵的出口与所述沥干段喷淋槽的入口相连;所述下浸出段的栅板下方依次设有多个下浸出段油斗,所述下浸出段的顶壁下方设有多级下浸出段喷淋槽,所述下浸出段油斗的底部分别与下浸出段循环泵的入口相连,各所述下浸出段循环泵的出口分别与上方相应下浸出段喷淋槽的入口相连;所述尾部箱体的底部设有尾部箱体油斗,所述溜板上端的上方设有上自循环喷淋槽,所述尾部箱体的下层物料上方设有下自循环喷淋槽,所述上浸出段左部顶壁的下方设有越线喷淋槽,所述尾部箱体油斗的底部与尾部箱体循环泵的入口连接,所述尾部箱体循环泵的出口分别通过阀门与所述上自循环喷淋槽、下自循环喷淋槽及越线喷淋槽的入口相连;所述上浸出段的栅板下方依次设有多个上浸出段油斗,所述上浸出段的顶壁下方设有多级上浸出段喷淋槽,各所述上浸出段油斗的底部分别与上浸出段循环泵的入口相连,各所述上浸出段循环泵的出口分别与上方相应上浸出段喷淋槽的入口相连;所述上浸出段油斗的左侧壁上部连接有越线补油管,所述越线补油管的入口与所述尾部箱体循环泵的出口相连;所述沥干段油斗的左侧向最右侧的下浸出段油斗溢流,所述下浸出段油斗自右向左逐级溢流,且最左侧的下浸出段油斗向所述尾部箱体油斗溢流;所述上浸出段油斗自左向右逐级溢流。在沥干段的中部,新溶剂通过新溶剂管进入新溶剂喷淋槽向下喷淋,对含油量最低的沥干段湿粕进行最后的浸泡和淋洗,获得含油量低于0.8%(干基)以下的饼粕,然后饼粕继续向右移动进入无喷淋段进行沥干,沥干饼粕向右进入头部箱体,从出料口排出。新溶剂对湿粕浸泡淋洗后成为浓度极低的混合油,落入沥干段油斗中,被沥干段循环泵抽出并送至沥干段喷淋槽对沥干段的左部进行喷淋,对 含油量次低的沥干段湿粕进行浸泡和淋洗,获得较低浓度的混合油落回沥干段油斗中,被沥干段循环泵抽出循环喷淋。沥干段油斗溢流的混合油流向下浸出段油斗,被下浸出段循环泵抽出并送至下浸出段喷淋槽向下喷淋,对含油量稍高的下浸出段湿粕进行浸泡和淋洗,获得稍高浓度的混合油落回下浸出段油斗中,被下浸出段循环泵抽出循环喷淋。下浸出段油斗、下浸出段循环泵及下浸出段喷淋槽自右向左设有多级,右侧的下浸出段油斗依次向左侧的下浸出段油斗溢流。最左侧的下浸出段油斗溢流的混合油流向尾部箱体油斗,被尾部箱体循环泵抽出并送至上自循环喷淋槽、下自循环喷淋槽及越线喷淋槽向下喷淋,其中上自循环喷淋槽对溜板上的湿粕进行喷淋,下自循环喷淋槽对尾部箱体下层的湿粕进行喷淋,与传统的半圆形轨道尾部相比增加了尾部的浸泡和淋洗,大大提高了浸出的产能和效率;越线喷淋槽对上浸出段的左部料层进行喷淋,落下的混合油进入上浸出段油斗中,实现了下层混合油向上层的输送。尾部箱体油斗起到混合油送往上层的周转作用,通常维持在半空状态,其抽出量与新溶量+萃取量相等。如果越线喷淋槽的最大喷淋和渗透量不能满足上层萃取的需求,则可以打开相应的阀门通过越线补油管直接向上浸出段油斗供油。上浸出段油斗里含油量更高的混合油被上浸出段循环泵抽出并送至上浸出段喷淋槽向下喷淋,对含油量更高的上浸出段湿粕进行浸泡和淋洗,获得更高浓度的混合油落回上浸出段油斗中,被上浸出段循环泵抽出循环喷淋。上浸出段油斗、上浸出段循环泵及上浸出段喷淋槽自左向右设有多级,左侧的上浸出段油斗依次向右侧的上浸出段油斗溢流。本发明实现了物料与溶剂的逆向流动,最新鲜的溶剂浸泡含油量最低的湿粕,浓度稍低的混合油浸泡含油量稍高的湿粕,浓度高的混合油浸泡含油量更高的湿粕,始终保持萃取液与湿粕较大的浓度差,保证萃取效果。
作为本发明的进一步改进,所述进料段的栅板下方设有左、右进料段油斗,所述进料段的顶壁下方设有左、右进料段喷淋槽,最右侧的所述上浸出段油斗通过渡槽向所述右进料段油斗溢流,所述右进料段油斗向所述左进料段油斗溢流;所述右进料段油斗的底部与右进料段循环泵的入口相连,所述右进料段循环泵的出口与所述左进料段喷淋槽的入口相连;所述左进料段油斗的底部与左进料段循环泵的入口相连,所述左进料段循环泵的出口与所述右进料段喷淋槽的入口相连。最右侧上浸出段油斗溢流的高浓度混合油通过渡槽进入右进料段油斗中,被右进料段循环泵抽出并送至左进料段喷淋槽向下喷淋,对进料段左部的湿粕进行浸泡和淋洗,获得很高浓度的混合油落回左进料段油斗中,再被左进料段循环泵抽出并送至右进料段喷淋槽向下喷淋,对进料段右部刚进入的油料胚进行浸泡和淋洗,获得很高浓度的混合油落回右进料段油斗中;右进料段油斗多余的混合油向左溢流进入左进料段油斗中。由于进料段右部刚进入的油料胚初次浸泡和淋洗后,落入右进料段油 斗中的混合油中含有大量的粕末,沉降后易导致管道、泵和设备堵塞,被右进料段循环泵抽出送往左进料段喷淋槽喷淋,经进料段左部的湿粕料层过滤后,可从左进料段油斗中获得含杂较少的浓混合油,利于后续分离和蒸发。浓度最高的混合油对含油量最高的油料胚进行萃取,可以保持良好的萃取效果。
作为本发明的进一步改进,所述左进料段油斗的上部溢流口通过溢流管道与浸出器出油泵的入口相连,所述浸出器出油泵的出口与一级旋液分离器的入口连接,所述一级旋液分离器的出口与二级旋液分离器的入口连接,所述二级旋液分离器的出口暂存罐的顶部入口连接,所述暂存罐的下部出油口与混合油抽出泵的入口连接,所述混合油抽出泵的出口与蒸发系统的入口连接;所述一级旋液分离器、二级旋液分离器与暂存罐的底部排空口分别与回流总管连接,所述暂存罐的溢流口也与所述回流总管连接,所述回流总管的出口与所述右进料段喷淋槽的入口相连。从左进料段油斗上部溢流的浓混合油被浸出器出油泵抽出,进入一级旋液分离器去除粗杂质后,再进入二级旋液分离器去除细杂质,然后清洁的浓混合油进入暂存罐,再从暂存罐被混合油抽出泵抽出进入后续的蒸发工序。一级旋液分离器、二级旋液分离器与暂存罐底部排出的含有杂质的混合油通过回流总管回到右进料段喷淋槽,对刚进入的油料胚进行喷淋,实现了浓混合油的分级循环及全部回收利用。
作为本发明的进一步改进,所述进料段、上浸出段、下浸出段和沥干段的顶壁下方分别设有将料层顶面刮平的料耙装置,所述料耙装置包括料耙本体,所述料耙本体设有向来料方向倾斜的水平下缘,所述水平下缘上均匀连接有多个插入料层的耙齿,所述料耙本体的上端悬挂在料耙水平轴上,所述料耙水平轴的两端铰接在料耙支座上,所述料耙支座固定在所述浸出器壳体上。料耙本体悬挂在料耙水平轴上,料耙本体的水平下缘将料层顶部刮平,料层的推力克服料耙本体的自重将其下缘抬起至一定高度达到平衡状态,耙齿插入料层中在料层表面形成相互平行的多道沟槽,有利于混合油的流动与均匀分布,新鲜溶剂或混合油喷淋在料层的表面向下渗透,当混合油喷淋量略大于渗透量时,料层表面会形成液面,此时混合油循环量达到最大,也是工艺设置的合适状态,料耙本体的水平下缘可以避免混合油沿料层顶面窜流,确保逆流萃取的效果。
作为本发明的进一步改进,所述液压油泵电机M1由变频器VFD驱动,所述变频器VFD受控于控制回路,所述控制回路的火线与零线之间依次串联有启动按钮SB1、停止按钮SB2、所述变频器VFD的故障断开触头、失速报警延时继电器的延时断开常闭触头KT1-1和主电机控制继电器K1的线圈,启动按钮SB1的两端并联有主电机控制继电器的自保触头K1-1,主电机控制继电器的第二常开触头K1-2串联在所述变频器VFD的启动信号输入端;料位变送器LT的料位信号输出端与所述变频器VFD的模拟信号输入端 AI相连接,所述变频器VFD的模拟信号输出端AO与比较继电器SSR的第一信号源输入端AI1连接;检测浸出器链条前进速度的测速开关ZS的信号端输出端与速度变送器SST的信号输入端连接,速度变送器SST的信号输出端与比较继电器SSR的第二信号源输入端AI2连接;所述比较继电器SSR的比较信号故障触头与主电机控制继电器的第三常开触头K1-3及所述失速报警延时继电器KT1的线圈串联后连接在控制回路的火线与零线之间;所述料位变送器LT的高料位开关LT-H与高料位报警继电器KT2的线圈串联后连接在控制回路的火线与零线之间,高料位报警继电器KT2的常开触头KT2-1与禁止来料继电器K2的线圈串联后连接在控制回路的火线与零线之间;所述料位变送器LT的低料位开关LT-L与低料位报警继电器KT3的线圈串联后连接在控制回路的火线与零线之间,低料位报警继电器KT3的常闭触头KT3-1串联在失速报警延时继电器的延时断开常闭触头KT1-1与主电机控制继电器K1的线圈之间。按下启动按钮SB1,主电机控制继电器K1的线圈得电,主电机控制继电器的自保触头K1-1吸合自保,主电机控制继电器的第二常开触头K1-2闭合使变频器VFD启动驱动液压油泵电机M1转动,液压泵站通过液压驱动系统驱动链条前进;变频器根据料位变送器LT检测到的料位信号调节液压油泵电机M1的转速,并且将驱动速度信号提供给比较继电器SSR的第一信号源输入端;测速开关ZS检测出浸出器链条的实际前进速度,并通过速度变送器SST将链条实际速度信号提供给比较继电器SSR的第二信号源输入端;如果驱动速度信号与链条实际速度信号出现比较大的误差,则比较继电器SSR的比较信号故障触头闭合,使失速报警延时继电器KT1的线圈得电,失速报警延时继电器的延时断开常闭触头KT1-1延时断开,使主电机控制继电器K1的线圈失电,主电机控制继电器的自保触头K1-1、主电机控制继电器的第二常开触头K1-2和主电机控制继电器的第三常开触头K1-3同时断开,变频器VFD停止工作使环形链条停止前进。当变频器VFD自身出故障时,变频器VFD的故障断开触头断开使液压油泵电机M1停机。当浸出器里的料层高度过高时,触发高料位开关LT-H闭合,高料位报警继电器KT2的线圈得电,高料位报警继电器KT2的常开触头KT2-1闭合,使禁止来料继电器K2的线圈得电,向进料电路发出停止进料信号。当进料机构出现故障使得浸出器里的料层高度过低时,触发低料位开关LT-L闭合,低料位报警继电器KT3的线圈得电,低料位报警继电器KT3的常闭触头KT3-1延时断开,使主电机控制继电器K1的线圈失电,变频器VFD停止工作使环形链条停止前进。
作为本发明的进一步改进,所述比较继电器SSR包括电源模块、CPU、通讯模块、输入模块和继电器驱动模块;所述电源模块将DC24V转换成DC 5V工作电压提供给各模块;CPU将所述输入模块传来的两路模拟信号转换为数字信号,然后将计算结果进行比较 判断,如果两路信号值的误差超过允许值,则向所述继电器驱动模块输出低电平使其驱动所述比较信号故障触头动作;所述通讯模块将程序下载到CPU中或将CPU中的数据及工作状态上传至上位机中;所述输入模块将接收到的两路4~20mA的电流信号分别转换为0~5V的电压信号,并送至CPU的两路模拟信号输入端,同时起到信号隔离的作用;所述继电器驱动模块接收CPU送来的低电平控制信号并进行激励放大后,使所述比较信号故障触头产生闭合动作。通讯模块将程序下载到CPU中,输入模块的第一信号源输入端AI1接收变频器VFD输出的模拟信号即驱动模拟信号,输入模块的第二信号源输入端AI2接收速度变送器SST送来的模拟信号及链条实际前进速度模拟信号,输入模块将接收到的两路4~20mA的电流信号分别转换为0~5V的电压信号,并送至CPU的两路模拟信号输入端P1.1及P1.2;CPU将输入模块传来的两路DC0~5V模拟信号转换为10位数字信号,根据各自的量程进行计算,然后将计算结果进行比较判断,如果两路信号值的误差超过允许值则P0.5输出低电平送至继电器驱动模块,继电器驱动模块驱动比较信号故障触头闭合;通讯模块可以将CPU中的数据及工作状态上传至上位机中。
附图说明
下面结合附图和具体实施方式对本发明作进一步详细的说明,附图仅提供参考与说明用,非用以限制本发明。
图1为本发明模块化环形浸出器的主视图。
图2为图1的俯视图。
图3为图1的立体图。
图4为本发明模块化环形浸出器的物料溶剂流向图。
图5为本发明模块化环形浸出器的驱动系统示意图。
图6为本发明模块化环形浸出器的驱动系统立体图。
图7为本发明模块化环形浸出器的液压系统管路图。
图8为本发明模块化环形浸出器的传动系统立体图。
图9为图8中A部位的放大图。
图10为本发明模块化环形浸出器尾部箱体的结构图。
图11为图10的立体图。
图12为本发明模块化环形浸出器中上驱动轴的立体图。
图13为图12中拨料装置的立体图。
图14为本发明模块化环形浸出器中越线喷淋槽的立体图。
图15为本发明模块化环形浸出器中料耙装置的立体图。
图16为本发明模块化环形浸出器的系统图。
图17为本发明模块化环形浸出器的液压原理图。
图18为本发明模块化环形浸出器的控制电路图。
图19为图18中比较继电器的原理图。
图中:1.存料箱;1a.进料口;2.进料段;2a.渡槽;2b.左进料段喷淋槽;2c.右进料段喷淋槽;2d.左进料段油斗;2e.右进料段油斗;2f.进料段尾气出口;3.上浸出段;3a.越线喷淋槽;3b.上浸出段喷淋槽;3c.上浸出段油斗;3d.上浸出段尾气出口;4.下浸出段;4a.下浸出段喷淋槽;4b.下浸出段油斗;5.沥干段;5a.新溶剂喷淋槽;5b.沥干段喷淋槽;5c.沥干段油斗;6.头部箱体;6a.出料口;6b.头部箱体尾气出口;7.尾部箱体;7a.上自循环喷淋槽;7b.下自循环喷淋槽;7c.尾部箱体油斗;7d.溜板;7e.挡料板;7f.盲板;7g.头部箱体尾气出口;8.上层栅板;8a.上层滑轨;9.下层栅板;9a.下层滑轨;10.上驱动轴;10a.上液压驱动装置;10b.上链轮;11.下驱动轴;11a.下液压驱动装置;11b.下链轮;12.上导向装置;13.下张紧轴;13a.下张紧链轮;14.液压泵站;14a.液压油箱;14a1.空气过滤器;14a2.液位液温计;14b.吸油过滤器;14c.手动球阀;14d.避震喉;14e.液压油泵;M1.液压油泵电机;14f.单向阀;14g.压力油过滤器;14h.三位四通换向阀;15.环形链条;15a.外链板;15b.内链板;15c.链条滚轮;15d.耐磨滑块;16.刮板;17.料耙装置;17a.料耙本体;17b.耙齿;17c料耙水平轴;17d.料耙支座;18.拨料装置;18a.卡壳;18b.拨杆;18c.拨杆筋板;18d.桨叶;19.支腿;20.支撑杆;21.壳体筋条;B1.沥干段循环泵;B2.下浸出段循环泵;B3.上浸出段循环泵;B4.尾部箱体循环泵;B5.右进料段循环泵;B6.左进料段循环泵;B7.浸出器出油泵;B8.混合油抽出泵;G1.新溶剂管;G2.越线补油管;G3.回流总管;G4.排油总管;H1.一级旋液分离器;H2.二级旋液分离器;T1.暂存罐;ZF.蒸发系统;C1.尾气冷凝器。
QM1.断路器;FC1.热继电器;VFD.变频器;SB1.启动按钮;SB2.停止按钮;K1.主电机控制继电器;K2.禁止来料继电器;KT1.失速报警延时继电器;KT2.高料位报警继电器;KT3.低料位报警继电器;LT.料位变送器;ZS.测速开关;SST.速度变送器;SSR.比较继电器;PT-H.超油压报警开关;PT-L.低油压报警开关;H1.失速报警指示灯;H2.高料位报警指示灯;H3.低料位报警指示灯;H4.液压系统故障指示灯;H5.禁止来料指示灯。
具体实施方式
如图1至图16所示,本发明的模块化环形浸出器包括浸出器壳体及位于浸出器壳体中的环形链条15,环形链条15上均匀安装有多个刮板16,浸出器壳体由头部箱体6、进料段2、上浸出段3、下浸出段4、沥干段5和尾部箱体7相互拼接而成,环形链条15 的上层位于进料段2与上浸出段3中,环形链条15的下层位于下浸出段4与沥干段5中;进料段2的右端口与沥干段5的右端口分别通过法兰与头部箱体6的上下两端相连接,上浸出段3的左端口与下浸出段4的左端口分别通过法兰与尾部箱体7的上下两端相连接,进料段2的左端口与上浸出段3的右端口通过法兰相连接,下浸出段4的右端口与沥干段5的左端口通过法兰相连接;进料段2的右端上部连接有存料箱1,存料箱1的顶部设有进料口1a,头部箱体6的底部设有出料口6a。
上浸出段3和进料段2分别通过支撑杆20支撑在下浸出段4和沥干段5上,下浸出段4、沥干段5和尾部箱体7分别通过支腿19支撑在地面上。
头部箱体6的顶部设有头部箱体尾气出口6b,进料段2的顶部设有进料段尾气出口2f,上浸出段3的顶部设有上浸出段尾气出口3d,尾部箱体7的顶部设有头部箱体尾气出口7g,各尾气出口均与尾气冷凝器C1的入口连接。
环形链条15启动后,油料胚从存料箱1顶部的进料口1a进入,在喂料装置驱动下铺在上层料床上,上层刮板推动物料自右向左从进料段2向上浸出段3前进,油料胚被混合油喷淋后成为湿粕,湿粕从上浸出段3的左端进入尾部箱体7,在尾部箱体7中物料落至下层料床上,下层刮板推动物料从尾部箱体7的底层向右依次经过下浸出段4和沥干段5,最后到达头部箱体6从出料口6a排出。物料在前进过程中,萃取液不断对物料进行喷淋、浸泡及萃取,浸出的油脂落入下方的油斗中。本发明将巨大的浸出器分割成几个独立模块,便于在制造车间的预装及分单元运输,到安装现场可以很方便地连接成整体,大大减少了现场安装工作量及施工周期。
头部箱体6的下部设有下驱动轴11,下驱动轴11上安装有下链轮11b,头部箱体6的上部设有上导向装置12;尾部箱体7的上部设有上驱动轴10,上驱动轴10上安装有上链轮10b,尾部箱体7的下部设有下张紧轴13,下张紧轴13上安装有下张紧链轮13a,环形链条15依次绕包在下链轮11b、上导向装置12、上链轮10b和下张紧链轮13a上;上导向装置12为滑轨或上张紧链轮。本发明在环形链条15的右下部设置了下驱动轴11,在环形链条15的左上部设置了上驱动轴10,上驱动轴10带动上层链条,下驱动轴11带动下层链条,两驱动轴同步、同转矩运行,比单驱动轴的驱动负荷减少一半以上。避免了单轴驱动时,主驱动轴既要驱动链条,又要承担张紧链条的功能,避免了大型驱动机构的平移调节。取消了巨大的尾部半圆形轨道,避免链条抱紧在很长的半圆形轨道摩擦;链条和链轮的载荷分布均匀,应力小,磨损减小一半以上,链条仅受拉伸载荷,无弯矩作用,且同规格浸出器链条拉力仅为原结构的50%,受力状况得到根本性改善,可靠性大为提高。
上驱动轴10和下驱动轴11分别沿轴向均匀安装有多个拨料装置18,各拨料装置 18分别包括合围抱接在上驱动轴10或下驱动轴11外周的卡壳18a,各卡壳18a的外周分别对称设有沿径向向外伸出的拨杆18b,拨杆18b上设有拨杆筋板18c以提高强度,各拨杆18b的端部分别连接有垂直于拨杆轴线的桨叶18d。
料层的厚度通常达1米,自重比较大,在被刮板16推动前进过程中受到挤压,加上持续受到溶剂的浸泡,越往前进料层就越密实,湿粕的表面比较粗糙,很容易结块结拱,在从上浸出段3进入尾部箱体7时,正常会在自重的作用下自由掉落,一旦发生结拱则容易产生搭桥,形成悬出的料柱,呈大块状掉落,使下层料床难以形成稳定、同高的料层,影响后续浸出;本发明在上驱动轴10上设置拨料装置18,拨料装置18随上驱动轴10旋转,如产生悬出的料柱,会被拨料装置18的桨叶18d强制拨下,实现连续掉落,利于在下层料床上形成稳定、等高的料层。同理,在下驱动轴11上设置拨料装置18,可以实现持续稳定地向头部箱体6的出料口6a出料,保证后续蒸发工序的稳定进料。
如图8、图9所示,刮板16沿浸出器的幅宽方向延伸,刮板16的两端分别固定连接在环形链条15的外链板15a上,外链板15a通过链销铰接在内链板15b的外侧,链销的中部分别套装有链条滚轮15c,刮板16的顶部与链条滚轮15c相应的部位分别固定有耐磨滑块15d;环形链条15的上层下方设有上层栅板8,上层栅板8上嵌装有与链条滚轮15c接触的上层滑轨8a;下层刮板的下方设有下层栅板9,下层栅板9上嵌装有与耐磨滑块15d接触的下层滑轨9a。
上层链条通过链条滚轮15c在上层滑轨8a上滚动,当链条转至下层时,由于刮板的上缘朝下,链条滚轮15c无法支撑在下层滑轨9a上,本发明在刮板的顶部固定有耐磨滑块15d,通过耐磨滑块15d支撑在下层滑轨9a上,使下层刮板的顶部与下层栅板9之间形成很小的间隙;本发明链条的前进摩擦力小,对栅板无损伤,栅板使用寿命长,运行成本低;实现了刮板与栅板之间无接触、零磨损,避免栅板因磨损而间隙变大,使过多的饼胚粉末进入混合油中,对浸出系统产生危害或不利影响,延长了浸出器的使用寿命,也避免了栅板磨损后的经常检查、更换,导致运行成本高。
下驱动轴11位于上导向装置12的正下方右侧,下张紧轴13位于上驱动轴10的正下方左侧;上驱动轴10的右侧设有与上层栅板8的左端头相对接的溜板7d,溜板7d的下端向左倾斜,溜板7d的下端头与下张紧轴13之间设有向右倾斜的挡料板7e,挡料板7e的下端头正下方设有与下层栅板9水平对接的盲板7f。
环形链条15呈梯形,减小了上导向装置12的包角与阻力,增大了下张紧链轮13a的包角,为尾部箱体7中的溜板7d提供了空间,湿粕沿溜板7d的斜面滑落,滑出溜板7d底部后撞在挡料板7e转向,然后掉落在盲板7f上;挡料板7e既起到转向作用,又减 缓了湿粕自由落体产生的冲击;尾部箱体7中的下层料床采用盲板7f承载落下湿粕,盲板7f的下方增加支撑件,提高了抗冲击能力,在盲板7f上消除冲击能量后再经条形刮板拖动到下层栅板9上浸洗,由盲板与下层栅板共同构成下层料床,避免湿粕冲击进入下层栅板9的缝隙中,造成漏料,影响混合油的清洁度。
采用溜板7d与挡料板7e的结构与半圆形轨道的尾部相比,大大节约了空间,便于运输;溜板7d与挡料板7e不予链条发生任何摩擦,可以采用普通的材料制作,避免采用螺栓连接,导致螺栓孔处的溶剂泄漏。
与传统结构中链条抱紧在尾部半圆形轨道上滑动相比,本发明尾部箱体7中上驱动轴10和下张紧轴13的受力状况好,运行阻力很小。尾部由于不需要刮板进行自上而下转向刮料,本发明的刮板可以采用轻型条形刮板,无须采用重型大刮板,油料胚及湿粕的表面粗糙,相互之间的结合力很大,只需采用较低高度的轻型条形刮板就可以使几倍于刮板高度的料层向前移动。
本发明的物料依靠重力下滑,在下落段不与刮板接触,可以在下行过程中继续进行浸泡和淋洗,大大提高了浸出的产能和效率。
沥干段5的中部顶壁下方设有新溶剂喷淋槽5a,新溶剂喷淋槽5a的入口与新溶剂管G1相连,沥干段5的左部顶壁下方设有沥干段喷淋槽5b,沥干段5的栅板下方设有沥干段油斗5c,沥干段油斗5c的底部与沥干段循环泵B1的入口相连,沥干段循环泵B1的出口与沥干段喷淋槽5b的入口相连。
下浸出段4的栅板下方依次设有多个下浸出段油斗4b,下浸出段4的顶壁下方设有多级下浸出段喷淋槽4a,下浸出段油斗4b的底部分别与下浸出段循环泵B2的入口相连,各下浸出段循环泵B2的出口分别与上方相应下浸出段喷淋槽4a的入口相连。
尾部箱体7的底部设有尾部箱体油斗7c,溜板7d上端的上方设有上自循环喷淋槽7a,尾部箱体7的下层物料上方设有下自循环喷淋槽7b,上浸出段3左部顶壁的下方设有越线喷淋槽3a,尾部箱体油斗7c的底部与尾部箱体循环泵B4的入口连接,尾部箱体循环泵B4的出口分别通过阀门与上自循环喷淋槽7a、下自循环喷淋槽7b及越线喷淋槽3a的入口相连。
上浸出段3的栅板下方依次设有多个上浸出段油斗3c,上浸出段3的顶壁下方设有多级上浸出段喷淋槽3b,各上浸出段油斗3c的底部分别与上浸出段循环泵B3的入口相连,各上浸出段循环泵B3的出口分别与上方相应上浸出段喷淋槽3b的入口相连;上浸出段油斗3c的左侧壁上部连接有越线补油管G2,越线补油管G2的入口与尾部箱体循环泵B4的出口相连。
沥干段油斗5c的左侧向最右侧的下浸出段油斗4b溢流,下浸出段油斗4b自右向左逐级溢流,且最左侧的下浸出段油斗4b向尾部箱体油斗7c溢流;上浸出段油斗3c自左向右逐级溢流。
在沥干段5的中部,新溶剂通过新溶剂管G1进入新溶剂喷淋槽5a向下喷淋,对含油量最低的沥干段湿粕进行最后的浸泡和淋洗,获得含油量低于0.8%(干基)以下的饼粕,然后饼粕继续向右移动进入无喷淋段进行沥干,沥干饼粕向右进入头部箱体6,从出料口6a排出。
新溶剂对湿粕浸泡淋洗后成为浓度极低的混合油,落入沥干段油斗5c中,被沥干段循环泵B1抽出并送至沥干段喷淋槽5b对沥干段5的左部进行喷淋,对含油量次低的沥干段湿粕进行浸泡和淋洗,获得较低浓度的混合油落回沥干段油斗5c中,被沥干段循环泵B1抽出循环喷淋。
沥干段油斗5c溢流的混合油流向下浸出段油斗4b,被下浸出段循环泵B2抽出并送至下浸出段喷淋槽4a向下喷淋,对含油量稍高的下浸出段湿粕进行浸泡和淋洗,获得稍高浓度的混合油落回下浸出段油斗4b中,被下浸出段循环泵B2抽出循环喷淋。下浸出段油斗4b、下浸出段循环泵B2及下浸出段喷淋槽4a自右向左设有多级,右侧的下浸出段油斗4b依次向左侧的下浸出段油斗4b溢流。
最左侧的下浸出段油斗4b溢流的混合油流向尾部箱体油斗7c,被尾部箱体循环泵B4抽出并送至上自循环喷淋槽7a、下自循环喷淋槽7b及越线喷淋槽3a向下喷淋,其中上自循环喷淋槽7a对溜板7d上的湿粕进行喷淋,下自循环喷淋槽7b对尾部箱体7下层的湿粕进行喷淋,与传统的半圆形轨道尾部相比增加了尾部的浸泡和淋洗,大大提高了浸出的产能和效率;越线喷淋槽3a对上浸出段3的左部料层进行喷淋,落下的混合油进入上浸出段油斗3c中,实现了下层混合油向上层的输送。尾部箱体油斗7c起到混合油送往上层的周转作用,通常维持在半空状态,其抽出量与新溶量+萃取量相等。如果越线喷淋槽3a的最大喷淋和渗透量不能满足上层萃取的需求,则可以打开相应的阀门通过越线补油管G2直接向上浸出段油斗3c供油。
上浸出段油斗3c里含油量更高的混合油被上浸出段循环泵B3抽出并送至上浸出段喷淋槽3b向下喷淋,对含油量更高的上浸出段湿粕进行浸泡和淋洗,获得更高浓度的混合油落回上浸出段油斗3c中,被上浸出段循环泵B3抽出循环喷淋。上浸出段油斗3c、上浸出段循环泵B3及上浸出段喷淋槽3b自左向右设有多级,左侧的上浸出段油斗3c依次向右侧的上浸出段油斗3c溢流。
本发明实现了物料与溶剂的逆向流动,最新鲜的溶剂浸泡含油量最低的湿粕,浓度 稍低的混合油浸泡含油量稍高的湿粕,浓度高的混合油浸泡含油量更高的湿粕,始终保持萃取液与湿粕较大的浓度差,保证萃取效果。
进料段2的栅板下方设有左、右进料段油斗2e,进料段2的顶壁下方设有左、右进料段喷淋槽2c,最右侧的上浸出段油斗3c通过渡槽2a向右进料段油斗2e溢流,右进料段油斗2e向左进料段油斗2d溢流;右进料段油斗2e的底部与右进料段循环泵B5的入口相连,右进料段循环泵B5的出口与左进料段喷淋槽2b的入口相连;左进料段油斗2d的底部与左进料段循环泵B6的入口相连,左进料段循环泵B6的出口与右进料段喷淋槽2c的入口相连。
最右侧上浸出段油斗3c溢流的高浓度混合油通过渡槽2a进入右进料段油斗2e中,被右进料段循环泵B5抽出并送至左进料段喷淋槽2b向下喷淋,对进料段2左部的湿粕进行浸泡和淋洗,获得很高浓度的混合油落回左进料段油斗2d中,再被左进料段循环泵B6抽出并送至右进料段喷淋槽2c向下喷淋,对进料段2右部刚进入的油料胚进行浸泡和淋洗,获得很高浓度的混合油落回右进料段油斗2e中;右进料段油斗2e多余的混合油向左溢流进入左进料段油斗2d中。
由于进料段右部刚进入的油料胚初次浸泡和淋洗后,落入右进料段油斗2e中的混合油中含有大量的粕末,沉降后易导致管道、泵和设备堵塞,被右进料段循环泵B5抽出送往左进料段喷淋槽2b喷淋,经进料段左部的湿粕料层过滤后,可从左进料段油斗2d中获得含杂较少的浓混合油,利于后续分离和蒸发。浓度最高的混合油对含油量最高的油料胚进行萃取,可以保持良好的萃取效果。
左进料段油斗2d的上部溢流口通过溢流管道与浸出器出油泵B7的入口相连,浸出器出油泵B7的出口与一级旋液分离器H1的入口连接,一级旋液分离器H1的出口与二级旋液分离器H2的入口连接,二级旋液分离器H2的出口暂存罐T1的顶部入口连接,暂存罐T1的下部出油口与混合油抽出泵B8的入口连接,混合油抽出泵B8的出口与蒸发系统ZF的入口连接;一级旋液分离器H1、二级旋液分离器H2与暂存罐T1的底部排空口分别与回流总管G3连接,暂存罐T1的溢流口也与回流总管G3连接,回流总管G3的出口与右进料段喷淋槽2c的入口相连。
从左进料段油斗2d上部溢流的浓混合油被浸出器出油泵B7抽出,进入一级旋液分离器H1去除粗杂质后,再进入二级旋液分离器H2去除细杂质,然后清洁的浓混合油进入暂存罐T1,再从暂存罐T1被混合油抽出泵B8抽出进入后续的蒸发工序。一级旋液分离器H1、二级旋液分离器H2与暂存罐T1底部排出的含有杂质的混合油通过回流总管G3回到右进料段喷淋槽2c,对刚进入的油料胚进行喷淋,实现了浓混合油的分级循环及 全部回收利用。
沥干段循环泵B1、下浸出段循环泵B2、上浸出段循环泵B3、尾部箱体循环泵B4、右进料段循环泵B5、左进料段循环泵B6和浸出器出油泵B7的入口分别与排油总管G4相连。
进料段2、上浸出段3、下浸出段4和沥干段5的顶壁下方分别设有将料层顶面刮平的料耙装置17,料耙装置17包括料耙本体17a,料耙本体17a设有向来料方向倾斜的水平下缘,水平下缘上均匀连接有多个插入料层的耙齿17b,料耙本体17a的上端悬挂在料耙水平轴17c上,料耙水平轴17c的两端铰接在料耙支座17d上,料耙支座17d固定在浸出器壳体上。料耙本体17a悬挂在料耙水平轴17c上,料耙本体17a的水平下缘将料层顶部刮平,料层的推力克服料耙本体17a的自重将其下缘抬起至一定高度达到平衡状态,耙齿17b插入料层中在料层表面形成相互平行的多道沟槽,有利于混合油的流动与均匀分布,新鲜溶剂或混合油喷淋在料层的表面向下渗透,当混合油喷淋量略大于渗透量时,料层表面会形成液面,此时混合油循环量达到最大,也是工艺设置的合适状态,料耙本体17a的水平下缘可以避免混合油沿料层顶面窜流,确保逆流萃取的效果。
浸出器壳体的外表面均匀设置有多根向外凸出的壳体筋条21,各壳体筋条21将浸出器壳体的外表面分隔成多个方形空间,各方形空间中分别嵌装有保温材料,壳体筋条21既提高了壳体的强度,又便于保温材料的安装固定,还便于外表蒙皮的固定。壳体顶面中部的壳体筋条高度高于两侧,蒙皮后形成中间高两侧低的状态,使得壳体顶面不会积水。
如图7及图17所示,上驱动轴10由上液压驱动装置10a驱动,下驱动轴11由下液压驱动装置11a驱动,上液压驱动装置10a和下液压驱动装置11a受控于同一个液压泵站14,上液压驱动装置10a与下液压驱动装置11a的进油口分别通过供油支管与液压油供油总管相连,上液压驱动装置10a与下液压驱动装置11a的回油口分别通过回油支管与液压油回油总管相连。
液压泵站14包括液压油箱14a、液压油泵和三位四通换向阀14h,液压油泵由液压油泵电机驱动,三位四通换向阀14h的中位机能为M型,液压油泵的吸口与液压油箱14a的出油口相连且液压油箱14a的出油口处安装有吸油过滤器,液压油泵的出口通过单向阀14f与三位四通换向阀14h的P口相连,三位四通换向阀的T口与液压油箱14a的回油口相连,三位四通换向阀的A口与液压油供油总管相连,三位四通换向阀的B口与液压油回油总管相连。
液压油泵的吸口与液压油箱14a的出油口之间设有手动球阀14c和避震喉14d;单 向阀14f与三位四通换向阀14h的P口之间设有压力油过滤器14g。
液压油箱14a的顶部通过空气过滤器14a1与大气相通,液压油箱14a侧壁上安装有液位液温计14a2。
先通过手柄将三位四通换向阀14h切换至中位,启动液压油泵,液压油箱里的液压油经吸油过滤器14b过滤后进入液压油泵,此时由于三位四通换向阀的P口与T口直接导通回油,液压油泵输出的液压油回到液压油箱实现液压油泵电机的空载启动。
正常工作时,通过手柄将三位四通换向阀14h切换至右工位,液压油从三位四通换向阀的A口进入液压油供油总管,由液压油供油总管同时进入上、下液压驱动装置11a,驱动上驱动轴10、下驱动轴11同步转动,上液压驱动装置10a、下液压驱动装置11a的回油分别进入液压油回油总管,从液压油回油总管进入三位四通换向阀的B口,再从T口回到液压油箱。
在浸出器启动调试少量进料后,可通过手柄将三位四通换向阀14h切换至左工位,实现上驱动轴10、下驱动轴11的反向转动,可是物料尽快从头部箱体的出料口排出。
如图18所示,液压油泵电机M1受控于变频器VFD,主回路中串联有断路器QM1和热继电器FC1,变频器VFD受控于控制回路。控制回路采用24V直流电,控制回路的正负极之间依次串联有启动按钮SB1、停止按钮SB2、变频器VFD的故障断开触头、失速报警延时继电器的延时断开常闭触头KT1-1和主电机控制继电器K1的线圈,启动按钮SB1的两端并联有主电机控制继电器的自保触头K1-1,主电机控制继电器的第二常开触头K1-2串联在变频器VFD的启动信号输入端。
料位变送器LT的料位信号输出端与变频器VFD的模拟信号输入端AI相连接,变频器VFD的模拟信号输出端AO与比较继电器SSR的第一信号源输入端AI1连接。检测浸出器链条前进速度的测速开关ZS的信号端输出端与速度变送器SST的信号输入端连接,速度变送器SST的信号输出端与比较继电器SSR的第二信号源输入端AI2连接;比较继电器SSR的比较信号故障触头与主电机控制继电器的第三常开触头K1-3及失速报警延时继电器KT1的线圈串联后连接在控制回路的正负极之间。失速报警延时继电器KT1的线圈两端并联有失速报警指示灯H1。
按下启动按钮SB1,主电机控制继电器K1的线圈得电,主电机控制继电器的自保触头K1-1吸合自保,主电机控制继电器的第二常开触头K1-2闭合使变频器VFD启动驱动液压油泵电机M1转动,液压泵站通过液压驱动系统驱动链条前进。
变频器根据料位变送器LT检测到的料位信号调节液压油泵电机M1的转速,并且将驱动速度信号提供给比较继电器SSR的第一信号源输入端。测速开关ZS检测出浸出器 链条的实际前进速度,并通过速度变送器SST将链条实际速度信号提供给比较继电器SSR的第二信号源输入端;如果驱动速度信号与链条实际速度信号出现比较大的误差,则比较继电器SSR的比较信号故障触头闭合,失速报警指示灯H1亮起,同时失速报警延时继电器KT1的线圈得电,失速报警延时继电器的延时断开常闭触头KT1-1延时断开,使主电机控制继电器K1的线圈失电,主电机控制继电器的自保触头K1-1、主电机控制继电器的第二常开触头K1-2和主电机控制继电器的第三常开触头K1-3同时断开,变频器VFD停止工作使环形链条停止前进。
当变频器VFD自身出故障时,变频器VFD的故障断开触头断开使液压油泵电机M1停机。
料位变送器LT的高料位开关LT-H与高料位报警继电器KT2的线圈串联后连接在控制回路的正负极之间,高料位报警继电器KT2的线圈两端并联有高料位报警指示灯H2,高料位报警继电器KT2的常开触头KT2-1与禁止来料继电器K2的线圈串联后连接在控制回路的正负极之间。禁止来料继电器K2的线圈两端并联有禁止来料指示灯H5。当浸出器里的料层高度过高时,触发高料位开关LT-H闭合,高料位报警指示灯H2亮起,同时高料位报警继电器KT2的线圈得电,高料位报警继电器KT2的常开触头KT2-1闭合,使禁止来料继电器K2的线圈得电,禁止来料指示灯H5亮起,向进料电路发出停止进料信号。
料位变送器LT的低料位开关LT-L与低料位报警继电器KT3的线圈串联后连接在控制回路的正负极之间,低料位报警继电器KT3的线圈两端并联有低料位报警指示灯H3。低料位报警继电器KT3的常闭触头KT3-1串联在失速报警延时继电器的延时断开常闭触头KT1-1与主电机控制继电器K1的线圈之间。当进料机构出现故障使得浸出器里的料层高度过低时,触发低料位开关LT-L闭合,低料位报警指示灯H3亮起,同时低料位报警继电器KT3的线圈得电,低料位报警继电器KT3的常闭触头KT3-1延时断开,使主电机控制继电器K1的线圈失电,变频器VFD停止工作使环形链条停止前进。
液压油供油总管上安装有超油压报警开关PT-H和低油压报警开关PT-L,超油压报警开关PT-H与液压系统故障指示灯H4串联后连接在控制回路的正负极之间,低油压报警开关PT-L与主电机控制继电器的第四常开触头K1-4串联后与超油压报警开关PT-H相并联。液压油供油总管发生超压时,超油压报警开关PT-H闭合使液压系统故障指示灯H4亮起;在主电机控制继电器的第四常开触头K1-4处于吸合状态即液压油泵电机M1处于工作状态时,如果液压油供油总管的压力过低时,低油压报警开关PT-L闭合也使液压系统故障指示灯H4亮起。
如图19所示,比较继电器SSR包括电源模块、CPU、通讯模块、输入模块和继电 器驱动模块;电源模块将DC24V转换成DC 5V工作电压提供给各模块;CPU将输入模块传来的两路模拟信号转换为数字信号,然后将计算结果进行比较判断,如果两路信号值的误差超过允许值,则向继电器驱动模块输出低电平使其驱动比较信号故障触头动作;通讯模块将程序下载到CPU中或将CPU中的数据及工作状态上传至上位机中;输入模块将接收到的两路4~20mA的电流信号分别转换为0~5V的电压信号,并送至CPU的两路模拟信号输入端,同时起到信号隔离的作用;继电器驱动模块接收CPU送来的低电平控制信号并进行激励放大后,使比较信号故障触头产生闭合动作。
通讯模块将程序下载到CPU中,输入模块的第一信号源输入端AI1接收变频器VFD输出的模拟信号即驱动模拟信号,输入模块的第二信号源输入端AI2接收速度变送器SST送来的模拟信号及链条实际前进速度模拟信号,输入模块将接收到的两路4~20mA的电流信号分别转换为0~5V的电压信号,并送至CPU的两路模拟信号输入端P1.1及P1.2;CPU将输入模块传来的两路DC0~5V模拟信号转换为10位数字信号,根据各自的量程进行计算,然后将计算结果进行比较判断,如果两路信号值的误差超过允许值则P0.5输出低电平送至继电器驱动模块,继电器驱动模块驱动比较信号故障触头闭合;通讯模块可以将CPU中的数据及工作状态上传至上位机中。
电源模块采用LM7805稳压块,CPU采用STC15F2K60S2单片机,通讯模块采用MAX485芯片,输入模块采用WS1521信号隔离器。速度变送器SST可以采用KFU8-FSSP-1型,品牌倍加福P+F。
以上所述仅为本发明之较佳可行实施例而已,非因此局限本发明的专利保护范围。除上述实施例外,本发明还可以有其他实施方式。凡采用等同替换或等效变换形成的技术方案,均落在本发明要求的保护范围内。本发明未经描述的技术特征可以通过或采用现有技术实现,在此不再赘述。

Claims (12)

  1. 一种模块化环形浸出器,包括浸出器壳体及位于浸出器壳体中的环形链条,所述环形链条上均匀安装有多个刮板,其特征在于:所述浸出器壳体由头部箱体、进料段、上浸出段、下浸出段、沥干段和尾部箱体相互拼接而成,所述环形链条的上层位于所述进料段与上浸出段中,所述环形链条的下层位于所述下浸出段与沥干段中;所述进料段的右端口与所述沥干段的右端口分别通过法兰与所述头部箱体的上下两端相连接,所述上浸出段的左端口与所述下浸出段的左端口分别通过法兰与所述尾部箱体的上下两端相连接,所述进料段的左端口与所述上浸出段的右端口通过法兰相连接,所述下浸出段的右端口与所述沥干段的左端口通过法兰相连接;所述进料段的右端上部连接有存料箱,所述存料箱的顶部设有进料口,所述头部箱体的底部设有出料口;所述头部箱体、进料段、上浸出段与尾部箱体的顶部分别设有尾气出口。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的模块化环形浸出器,其特征在于:所述头部箱体的下部设有下驱动轴,所述下驱动轴上安装有下链轮,所述头部箱体的上部设有上导向装置;所述尾部箱体的上部设有上驱动轴,所述上驱动轴上安装有上链轮,所述尾部箱体的下部设有下张紧轴,所述下张紧轴上安装有下张紧链轮,所述环形链条依次绕包在所述下链轮、上导向装置、上链轮和下张紧链轮上;所述上导向装置为滑轨或上张紧链轮。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的模块化环形浸出器,其特征在于:所述上驱动轴由上液压驱动装置驱动,所述下驱动轴由下液压驱动装置驱动,所述上液压驱动装置和所述下液压驱动装置受控于同一个液压泵站,所述上液压驱动装置与所述下液压驱动装置的进油口分别通过供油支管与液压油供油总管相连,所述上液压驱动装置与所述下液压驱动装置的回油口分别通过回油支管与液压油回油总管相连;所述液压泵站包括液压油箱、液压油泵和三位四通换向阀,所述液压油泵由液压油泵电机驱动,所述三位四通换向阀的中位机能为M型,所述液压油泵的吸口与所述液压油箱的出油口相连且液压油箱的出油口处安装有吸油过滤器,所述液压油泵的出口通过单向阀与所述三位四通换向阀的P口相连,所述三位四通换向阀的T口与所述液压油箱的回油口相连,所述三位四通换向阀的A口与所述液压油供油总管相连,所述三位四通换向阀的B口与所述液压油回油总管相连。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的模块化环形浸出器,其特征在于:所述上驱动轴和所述下驱动轴分别沿轴向均匀安装有多个拨料装置,各所述拨料装置分别包括合围抱接在所述上驱动轴或下驱动轴外周的卡壳,各所述卡壳的外周分别对称设有沿径向向外伸出的拨杆,各所述拨杆的端部分别连接有垂直于拨杆轴线的桨叶。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的模块化环形浸出器,其特征在于:所述刮板沿浸出器的幅宽方向 延伸,所述刮板的两端分别固定连接在所述环形链条的外链板上,所述外链板通过链销铰接在内链板的外侧,所述链销的中部分别套装有链条滚轮,所述刮板的顶部与所述链条滚轮相应的部位分别固定有耐磨滑块;所述环形链条的上层下方设有上层栅板,所述上层栅板上嵌装有与所述链条滚轮接触的上层滑轨;下层刮板的下方设有下层栅板,所述下层栅板上嵌装有与所述耐磨滑块接触的下层滑轨。
  6. 根据权利要求2所述的模块化环形浸出器,其特征在于:所述下驱动轴位于所述上导向装置的正下方右侧,所述下张紧轴位于所述上驱动轴的正下方左侧;所述上驱动轴的右侧设有与所述上层栅板的左端头相对接的溜板,所述溜板的下端向左倾斜,所述溜板的下端头与所述下张紧轴之间设有向右倾斜的挡料板,所述挡料板的下端头正下方设有与所述下层栅板水平对接的盲板。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的模块化环形浸出器,其特征在于:所述沥干段的中部顶壁下方设有新溶剂喷淋槽,所述新溶剂喷淋槽的入口与新溶剂管相连,所述沥干段的左部顶壁下方设有沥干段喷淋槽,所述沥干段的栅板下方设有沥干段油斗,所述沥干段油斗的底部与沥干段循环泵的入口相连,所述沥干段循环泵的出口与所述沥干段喷淋槽的入口相连;所述下浸出段的栅板下方依次设有多个下浸出段油斗,所述下浸出段的顶壁下方设有多级下浸出段喷淋槽,所述下浸出段油斗的底部分别与下浸出段循环泵的入口相连,各所述下浸出段循环泵的出口分别与上方相应下浸出段喷淋槽的入口相连;所述尾部箱体的底部设有尾部箱体油斗,所述溜板上端的上方设有上自循环喷淋槽,所述尾部箱体的下层物料上方设有下自循环喷淋槽,所述上浸出段左部顶壁的下方设有越线喷淋槽,所述尾部箱体油斗的底部与尾部箱体循环泵的入口连接,所述尾部箱体循环泵的出口分别通过阀门与所述上自循环喷淋槽、下自循环喷淋槽及越线喷淋槽的入口相连;所述上浸出段的栅板下方依次设有多个上浸出段油斗,所述上浸出段的顶壁下方设有多级上浸出段喷淋槽,各所述上浸出段油斗的底部分别与上浸出段循环泵的入口相连,各所述上浸出段循环泵的出口分别与上方相应上浸出段喷淋槽的入口相连;所述上浸出段油斗的左侧壁上部连接有越线补油管,所述越线补油管的入口与所述尾部箱体循环泵的出口相连;所述沥干段油斗的左侧向最右侧的下浸出段油斗溢流,所述下浸出段油斗自右向左逐级溢流,且最左侧的下浸出段油斗向所述尾部箱体油斗溢流;所述上浸出段油斗自左向右逐级溢流。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的模块化环形浸出器,其特征在于:所述进料段的栅板下方设有左、右进料段油斗,所述进料段的顶壁下方设有左、右进料段喷淋槽,最右侧的所述上浸出段油斗通过渡槽向所述右进料段油斗溢流,所述右进料段油斗向所述左进料段油斗溢流;所 述右进料段油斗的底部与右进料段循环泵的入口相连,所述右进料段循环泵的出口与所述左进料段喷淋槽的入口相连;所述左进料段油斗的底部与左进料段循环泵的入口相连,所述左进料段循环泵的出口与所述右进料段喷淋槽的入口相连。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的模块化环形浸出器,其特征在于:所述左进料段油斗的上部溢流口通过溢流管道与浸出器出油泵的入口相连,所述浸出器出油泵的出口与一级旋液分离器的入口连接,所述一级旋液分离器的出口与二级旋液分离器的入口连接,所述二级旋液分离器的出口暂存罐的顶部入口连接,所述暂存罐的下部出油口与混合油抽出泵的入口连接,所述混合油抽出泵的出口与蒸发系统的入口连接;所述一级旋液分离器、二级旋液分离器与暂存罐的底部排空口分别与回流总管连接,所述暂存罐的溢流口也与所述回流总管连接,所述回流总管的出口与所述右进料段喷淋槽的入口相连。
  10. 根据权利要求1至9中任一项所述的模块化环形浸出器,其特征在于:所述进料段、上浸出段、下浸出段和沥干段的顶壁下方分别设有将料层顶面刮平的料耙装置,所述料耙装置包括料耙本体,所述料耙本体设有向来料方向倾斜的水平下缘,所述水平下缘上均匀连接有多个插入料层的耙齿,所述料耙本体的上端悬挂在料耙水平轴上,所述料耙水平轴的两端铰接在料耙支座上,所述料耙支座固定在所述浸出器壳体上。
  11. 根据权利要求3所述的模块化环形浸出器,其特征在于:所述液压油泵电机(M1)由变频器(VFD)驱动,所述变频器(VFD)受控于控制回路,所述控制回路的火线与零线之间依次串联有启动按钮(SB1)、停止按钮(SB2)、所述变频器(VFD)的故障断开触头、失速报警延时继电器的延时断开常闭触头(KT1-1)和主电机控制继电器(K1)的线圈,启动按钮(SB1)的两端并联有主电机控制继电器的自保触头(K1-1),主电机控制继电器的第二常开触头(K1-2)串联在所述变频器(VFD)的启动信号输入端;料位变送器(LT)的料位信号输出端与所述变频器(VFD)的模拟信号输入端(AI)相连接,所述变频器(VFD)的模拟信号输出端(AO)与比较继电器(SSR)的第一信号源输入端(AI1)连接;检测浸出器链条前进速度的测速开关(ZS)的信号端输出端与速度变送器(SST)的信号输入端连接,速度变送器(SST)的信号输出端与比较继电器(SSR)的第二信号源输入端(AI2)连接;所述比较继电器(SSR)的比较信号故障触头与主电机控制继电器的第三常开触头(K1-3)及所述失速报警延时继电器(KT1)的线圈串联后连接在控制回路的火线与零线之间;所述料位变送器(LT)的高料位开关(LT-H)与高料位报警继电器(KT2)的线圈串联后连接在控制回路的火线与零线之间,高料位报警继电器(KT2)的常开触头(KT2-1)与禁止来料继电器(K2)的线圈串联后连接在控制回路的火线与零线之间;所述料位变送器(LT)的低料位开关(LT- L)与低料位报警继电器(KT3)的线圈串联后连接在控制回路的火线与零线之间,低料位报警继电器(KT3)的常闭触头(KT3-1)串联在失速报警延时继电器的延时断开常闭触头(KT1-1)与主电机控制继电器(K1)的线圈之间。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的模块化环形浸出器,其特征在于:所述比较继电器(SSR)包括电源模块、CPU、通讯模块、输入模块和继电器驱动模块;所述电源模块将DC24V转换成DC 5V工作电压提供给各模块;CPU将所述输入模块传来的两路模拟信号转换为数字信号,然后将计算结果进行比较判断,如果两路信号值的误差超过允许值,则向所述继电器驱动模块输出低电平使其驱动所述比较信号故障触头动作;所述通讯模块将程序下载到CPU中或将CPU中的数据及工作状态上传至上位机中;所述输入模块将接收到的两路4~20mA的电流信号分别转换为0~5V的电压信号,并送至CPU的两路模拟信号输入端,同时起到信号隔离的作用;所述继电器驱动模块接收CPU送来的低电平控制信号并进行激励放大后,使所述比较信号故障触头产生闭合动作。
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