WO2017202260A1 - 一种反包装置及利用该反包装置的轮胎成型方法 - Google Patents

一种反包装置及利用该反包装置的轮胎成型方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017202260A1
WO2017202260A1 PCT/CN2017/085157 CN2017085157W WO2017202260A1 WO 2017202260 A1 WO2017202260 A1 WO 2017202260A1 CN 2017085157 W CN2017085157 W CN 2017085157W WO 2017202260 A1 WO2017202260 A1 WO 2017202260A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
finger
capsule
carcass
buckle
sleeve
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2017/085157
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
戴德盈
卜庆勇
孙兆
田素霞
秦丹
Original Assignee
怡维怡橡胶研究院有限公司
软控股份有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from CN201610347963.8A external-priority patent/CN105965927B/zh
Priority claimed from CN201610344947.3A external-priority patent/CN105922616B/zh
Application filed by 怡维怡橡胶研究院有限公司, 软控股份有限公司 filed Critical 怡维怡橡胶研究院有限公司
Priority to US16/303,390 priority Critical patent/US11534996B2/en
Publication of WO2017202260A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017202260A1/zh

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29D—PRODUCING PARTICULAR ARTICLES FROM PLASTICS OR FROM SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE
    • B29D30/00—Producing pneumatic or solid tyres or parts thereof
    • B29D30/06—Pneumatic tyres or parts thereof (e.g. produced by casting, moulding, compression moulding, injection moulding, centrifugal casting)
    • B29D30/08—Building tyres
    • B29D30/20—Building tyres by the flat-tyre method, i.e. building on cylindrical drums
    • B29D30/32—Fitting the bead-rings or bead-cores; Folding the textile layers around the rings or cores
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29D—PRODUCING PARTICULAR ARTICLES FROM PLASTICS OR FROM SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE
    • B29D30/00—Producing pneumatic or solid tyres or parts thereof
    • B29D30/06—Pneumatic tyres or parts thereof (e.g. produced by casting, moulding, compression moulding, injection moulding, centrifugal casting)
    • B29D30/08—Building tyres
    • B29D30/20—Building tyres by the flat-tyre method, i.e. building on cylindrical drums
    • B29D30/32—Fitting the bead-rings or bead-cores; Folding the textile layers around the rings or cores
    • B29D2030/3214—Locking the beads on the drum; details of the drum in the bead locking areas, e.g. drum shoulders

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of tire molding technology, and in particular to a reverse wrapping device and a tire molding method using the same.
  • An important step in the tire building process is the positive and negative wrapping process of the tire carcass material.
  • most of the processes use capsules for reverse wrapping, but since the capsules cannot be rotated together with the forming drums, During the molding process, the carcass material is worn by the capsule due to friction, and the composition ratio of the capsule is not good, resulting in the wear of the anti-encapsulation capsule in the anti-packaging process of the tire, which causes a large control on the production cost. pressure.
  • the apex rubber wire ring should be buckled before the reverse package.
  • the buckle structure is too simple, the apex rubber wire ring is not firmly bonded, and the buckle ring is also caused. The components are severely worn.
  • the apex glue is firmly bonded, the wear of the spindle is reduced, the production efficiency is improved, and the production cost is reduced.
  • An aspect of the present invention provides a reverse wrapping device comprising: a molding machine main shaft, an outer sleeve device A, a finger piece device B, a capsule device C, a buckle device D, a lock ring device E, an outer sleeve device A, Finger device B.
  • the capsule device C is placed on the main shaft of the molding machine, and the outer sleeve device is located on the outer side of the finger device and the capsule device in the radial direction of the main shaft of the molding machine; the buckle device is located on the outer sleeve device.
  • the outer sleeve device comprises: an outer sleeve frame body, a boost sleeve, a booster disk;
  • the outer sleeve frame body comprises a set portion and a support portion; the set portion is set on the molding machine main shaft; and the support portion is disposed in the set On the outside of the support portion, a booster disk drive device is mounted; one end of the booster sleeve is mounted on the end of the support portion, and the other end of the booster sleeve is mounted with a booster disk.
  • the finger blade device comprises a finger piece mounting sleeve, the finger piece mounting sleeve is set on the molding machine main shaft; and the finger piece mounting sleeve is provided with a finger piece mounting seat and a finger piece pushing plate, The finger piece is hingedly mounted on the finger piece mounting seat; a spring is mounted on the finger piece pushing plate; one end of the spring is connected with the finger piece; the finger piece pushing plate is driven by the finger piece driving device; The blade drive is coupled to the finger pad pusher that passes through the support portion of the outer sleeve device.
  • the capsule device comprises a sealing inner sleeve, a sealing outer sleeve and a connecting member; the sealing inner sleeve is sleeved on the main shaft of the molding machine, and the sealing outer sleeve is sleeved outside the sealing inner sleeve; the piston sleeve is sleeved outside the sealing outer sleeve, and the cylinder body is sleeved on the piston
  • the capsule seat is mounted on the cylinder; the capsule is mounted on the capsule seat.
  • the capsule device further comprises: a first chuck, a second chuck and a bracket; the first chuck and the second chuck seal the capsule to the capsule seat; and the bracket is mounted on the second chuck.
  • the buckle device is mounted on the inner side of the other end of the boost sleeve; the buckle device includes a buckle drive device and a jaw; the jaw is driven by the buckle drive device; and a buckle portion is provided at an end of the jaw,
  • the buckle part is a circular surface or a sloped surface.
  • the locking device comprises: a locking block, a ram, a sliding plate, and a support; the sliding plate is located outside the sealing outer casing; the sliding plate has a slope, and the bottom of the ejector abuts on the inclined surface of the sliding plate by a rolling mechanism Upper portion of the ram is supported by a support member fixedly coupled to the cylinder block; a lock block is provided at the top of the ram; the sliding plate is coupled to the end of the piston.
  • the piston is mounted on the outside of the sealed casing and the cylinder is mounted on the outside of the piston.
  • the tire building machine further comprises: a connecting rod and a flange; one end of the connecting rod is mounted on the flange, and the other end sequentially passes through the finger mounting seat, the finger plate pushing plate and the support portion; the flange And inside the seal Set of connections.
  • the capsule comprises an inner rubber layer, an inner ply layer, an outer ply layer and an outer rubber layer from the inside to the outside, and a silica gel layer is disposed on a portion of the outer side of the capsule corresponding to the bead;
  • the composition of the outer rubber layer comprises: 70- 90% by mass of styrene-isobutylene-styrene and 10-30% by mass of a polyamide-based polymer which is cooled at 10-100 ° C for 100 to 260 seconds after vulcanization;
  • the inner rubber layer comprises mutually independent inner rubber layers I
  • the inner rubber layer II are made of natural rubber, the thickness of the two is the same, and the inner rubber layer is filled with carbon black.
  • the manufacturing method of the spindle of the molding machine is:
  • Step 1 Select the raw materials of the molding machine spindle
  • Step 2 The first heating, the workpiece is placed in the furnace for heating, the temperature in the furnace is controlled to be 1000-1200 ° C, and the temperature is kept for 3 hours;
  • Step 3 The first molding, taking out the workpiece from the furnace, using the upper and lower flat anvils through the wide anvil compacting forging method, the workpiece is upset to the first size;
  • Step 4 heating for the second time, heating the workpiece into the furnace, performing heat treatment (secondary recrystallization and tempering), and then three times of heating and cooling;
  • Step 5 the second molding, taking out the workpiece from the furnace, using the upper and lower flat anvils through the wide anvil compacting forging method, the workpiece is upset to the second size;
  • Step 6 Cutting, grinding and flaw detection, detecting and grinding the workpiece with the second size, ensuring that the roughness of the grinding place is 12 or more, and then performing the first flaw detection;
  • Step 7 roughing the car, roughing the car to make the outer surface roughness of the workpiece reach 15 or more, and then doing the second flaw detection;
  • Step 8 Finish the car and get the finished spindle.
  • step four the heat treatment specifically comprises:
  • the workpiece is loaded into the furnace.
  • the temperature in the furnace is guaranteed to be 400-420 ° C, and then the temperature is raised to 900-950 ° C for 10 hours.
  • the temperature increase per hour is less than or equal to 850 ° C, and then blown for 3 hours.
  • the furnace temperature is reduced to 300-350 ° C, and kept for 10 hours;
  • the chemical element content of the main shaft of the molding machine is: C: 0.3 to 0.45%, Si: 0.27 to 0.35%, Mn: 0.80 to 1.50%, P: 0.01 to 0.020%, S: 0.002 to 0.020%, Cr: ⁇ 1.20%, Ni: 0.15-0.30%, Mo: 0.23-0.25%, Cu: ⁇ 0.15%, Al: 0.025-0.035%, and the balance is Fe.
  • the reverse wrapping device is located on a tire transfer machine comprising: a transfer ring device G, a support device H, a rotating device, a reverse wrapping device, a balancing device and a base device:
  • a rotating device is mounted above the base device, a reverse wrapping device is mounted on one side of the rotating device, and a supporting device is mounted on the other side of the rotating device; the transmission ring device is mounted on the supporting device; the transmission ring device, the supporting device, the rotating device and the opposite The package device can rotate together;
  • the balancing device is mounted on the supporting device; the base device is mounted with a balance seat, and the balancing device is supported on the balance seat in a manner capable of leaving.
  • the transfer ring device comprises a first transfer ring, a second transfer ring and a third transfer ring; the first transfer ring, the second transfer ring and the third transfer ring are sequentially mounted on the transfer ring support bottom plate.
  • the supporting device comprises: a first transmission ring bracket, a second transmission ring bracket, and a transmission ring bracket bottom plate; one side of the first transmission ring bracket and the second transmission ring bracket are mounted on the rotating device; the first transmission ring bracket And the bottom of the second transfer ring bracket is connected to the transfer ring bracket bottom plate.
  • the balancing device is mounted on the bottom plate of the transmission ring bracket, and comprises: a roller, a roller seat and a cylinder; the roller is mounted on the roller seat, the roller seat is mounted on the oil cylinder through the guide shaft, and the oil cylinder is mounted on the bottom plate of the transmission ring bracket; Supported on the balance seat.
  • the tire building machine further comprises a limiting device, wherein the limiting device comprises two limiting rods; one end of each limiting rod is connected to the roller seat, and the other end is connected to the bottom plate of the transmission ring bracket.
  • the limiting device comprises two limiting rods; one end of each limiting rod is connected to the roller seat, and the other end is connected to the bottom plate of the transmission ring bracket.
  • the tire building machine further comprises a driving device mounted on the base device;
  • the driving device comprises: a servo motor, a gear, a rack, a base, a guiding device; the servo motor drives the gear to rotate, the gear and the rack plate engage, guide
  • the lower part of the device is set on the base, and the upper part of the guiding device is mounted on the base device.
  • Another aspect of the present invention provides a tire molding method using the reverse wrapping device, which includes the following steps:
  • Step 1-1 Put the carcass assembly on the carcass drum
  • Step 1-2 performing positive wrapping on both sides of the carcass assembly by using the first reverse wrapping device and the second reverse wrapping device;
  • Step 1-3 using the first reverse wrapping device and the second reverse wrapping device to respectively buckle the two sides of the carcass assembly;
  • Step 1-4 locking the two sides of the carcass assembly by using the first reverse wrapping device and the second reverse wrapping device;
  • Step 1-5 performing reverse wrapping on both sides of the carcass assembly by using the first reverse wrapping device and the second reverse wrapping device;
  • Step 1-6 All the turn-up processes are completed for the carcass assembly to obtain the first carcass assembly.
  • the positive package process in step 1-2 includes step 2.1:
  • the reverse wrapping device moves integrally along the axial direction of the main shaft of the molding machine toward the carcass drum.
  • the outer sleeve device stops moving; however, the finger device and the device there are located thereon.
  • the device, the capsule device and the device located thereon continue to move along the axial direction of the main shaft of the molding machine toward the carcass drum; at this time, the finger on the finger piece rotates along the hinge axis, the top of which is spread out;
  • the edge portion of the carcass assembly to be reversed is located just inside the finger plate.
  • the positive package process in step 1-2 includes step 2.2, which is located after step 2.1:
  • the outer sleeve device moves toward the carcass drum, and the boosting sleeve on the outer sleeve device contacts the finger plate to rotate and gather around the hinge shaft; during the gathering process, the finger plate will be the carcass assembly The edge portion is pressed against the capsule.
  • the step of fastening in steps 1-3 includes:
  • the apex rubber wire ring is disposed at the end of the jaw of the buckle device; the buckle driving device pushes the jaw, and the jaw pushes the apex rubber ring to the set position of the carcass assembly; after that, the jaw is driven at the buckle Driven by the device, return to the original position and complete the buckle action;
  • the outer sleeve device and the finger blade device are simultaneously moved a distance away from the carcass drum.
  • the locking ring step in steps 1-4 comprises: moving the piston toward the carcass drum, and then pushing the sliding plate axially close to the carcass drum, thereby causing the jack to rise, the locking block at the top of the jack The capsule is tightly abutted against the carcass assembly.
  • the reverse wrapping step in steps 1-5 includes: the capsule is inflated, and the carcass assembly is pressed upward and toward the carcass drum, while the booster disk pushes the raised capsule toward the carcass drum.
  • the carcass assembly is reversely wrapped on the outside of the apex rubber ring.
  • the reverse wrapping device of the present invention and the tire molding method using the same include the following advantages:
  • the anti-encapsulation capsule can be rotated together with the carcass drum to facilitate the fitting. At the same time, the package can not be pleated, which improves the molding quality at the tire ring.
  • the gas permeability of the capsule is improved, the adhesion performance between the layers of the capsule is improved, and the life and toughness of the capsule are improved.
  • the buckle ring part and the apex rubber wire ring are closely matched, and finally the steel wire ring does not have axial and radial deflection problems after the buckle device is evacuated, thereby improving the molding quality of the tire.
  • the component selection of the special molding process increases the hardness and strength of the forming spindle and prolongs the service life of the equipment.
  • the roller support structure is arranged on the supporting device to ensure the height of the transmission ring device, and the degree of coincidence of the center of the transmission ring and the center of the forming drum is ensured, thereby ensuring the transmission precision of the carcass.
  • the height range of the lifting and lowering of the supporting device can be adjusted, and the applicable range of the device is improved.
  • the whole tire forming device can move along the straight line, ensuring that the tire forming device is aligned with the forming drum and the carcass drum, and the transmission ring device can be ensured. Accurately fit over the forming drum and the carcass drum.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a reverse wrapping device in a forward and reverse wrapping process according to the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the finger-folding device in the reverse wrapping device in the forward and reverse wrapping process according to the present disclosure.
  • FIG 3 is a schematic illustration of a buckle process in a forward and reverse package process in accordance with the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic illustration of a capsule inflation package in a forward and reverse package forming process in accordance with the present disclosure.
  • a tire building machine comprising: a transfer ring device G, a support device H, a rotating device J, a reverse wrapping device K, a balancing device M and a base device N; a rotating device J is mounted above the base device N, and one side of the rotating device J is mounted There is a reverse wrapping device K, the other side of the rotating device J is mounted with a supporting device H; the transfer ring device G is mounted on the supporting device H; the transfer ring device G, the supporting device H, the rotating device J and the reverse wrapping device K can rotate together
  • the balancing device M is mounted on the supporting device H; the base device N is mounted with a balance seat Q, and the balancing device M is supported on the balance seat Q in a detachable manner.
  • the transfer ring device G includes a first transfer ring 53, a second transfer ring 54, and a third transfer ring 55; the first transfer ring 53, the second transfer ring 54, and the third transfer ring 55 are sequentially mounted on the transfer ring holder bottom plate 63.
  • three transfer rings are used to respectively clamp the two ends of the tire carcass and the middle three portions, so that the carcass does not deform during the process of clamping the carcass. At the same time, it allows the carcass to be accurately positioned compared to the manual transfer method.
  • a position adjustment device is mounted between each of the transfer rings, and the position adjustment device is a screw structure that can adjust the spacing between the three transfer rings to meet the requirements of clamping tire sizes of different specifications.
  • the support device H includes: a first transmission ring bracket 61, a second transmission ring bracket 62, and a transmission ring bracket bottom plate 63; one side of the first transmission ring bracket 61 and the second transmission ring bracket 62 are mounted on the rotating device J; The bottoms of a transfer ring bracket 61 and a second transfer ring bracket 62 are both connected to the transfer ring bracket bottom plate 63.
  • the balance device M is mounted on the transfer ring support bottom plate 63, and includes a roller 71, a roller base 72, and a cylinder 73.
  • the roller 71 is mounted on the wheel base 72.
  • the roller base 72 is mounted on the oil cylinder 73 through the guide shaft 74, and the oil cylinder 73 is mounted.
  • the support device H After the transfer ring device G holds the green tire, since the carcass is heavy, the support device H must sag under the action of gravity. At this time, the piston rod of the oil cylinder 73 on the balancing device is extended, so that the roller 71 connected thereto is supported on the balance seat Q, and the first transmission ring 52, the second transmission ring 53, and the third transmission ring 54 are raised to The required height ensures that the center of the three transfer rings coincides with the center of the forming drum of the next process, thereby ensuring the transfer accuracy of the carcass.
  • the tire forming machine further includes a limiting device L.
  • the limiting device L includes two limiting rods 75 respectively mounted on two sides of the roller holder 72. One end of each of the limiting rods 75 is fixedly connected to the roller holder 72 by two nuts. Upper one of the first nuts is located above the roller holder 72 and the other second nut is located below the roller holder 72. The other end of each of the stopper rods 75 is coupled to the transfer ring holder bottom plate 63 by a third nut, and the third nut is positioned above the transfer ring holder bottom plate 63.
  • the length of the limit lever between the third nut and the second nut can be adjusted, so that the stroke of the cylinder 73 can be adjusted, and then the height range in which the roller 71 is raised and lowered can be adjusted.
  • the tire building machine further includes a driving device I, and the driving device is mounted on the base device N.
  • the driving device 1 includes a servo motor 91, a gear 92, a rack 94, a base 96, and a guiding device 97.
  • the servo motor 91 drives the gear 92 to rotate, the gear 92 meshes with the rack plate 94, the guide device 97 is fitted over the base 96, and the guide device 97 is mounted on the base device N.
  • a support roller 93 is further mounted on the base device N to The entire first carcass transfer device is moved on the support rail 95.
  • the servo motor 91 drives the gear 92 to rotate, due to the guiding action of the gear 92, the rack 94, the base 96, and the guiding device 97, the supporting roller 93 is linearly moved on the supporting rail 95 to ensure alignment of the tire forming device.
  • the forming drum and the carcass drum ensure that the transfer ring device G can be accurately placed on the forming drum and/or on the carcass drum.
  • the tire forming machine includes a reverse wrapping device K
  • the reverse wrapping device K includes: a molding machine spindle O, an outer sleeve device A, a finger blade device B, a capsule device C, and a lock ring device D.
  • the outer sleeve device A, the finger plate device B, and the capsule device C are all placed on the main shaft 13 of the molding machine, and the outer sleeve device A is located in the radial direction of the main shaft O of the molding machine at the finger device B and the capsule device C.
  • the outer side; the buckle device D is located on the outer sleeve device A.
  • the outer sleeve device A includes: an outer sleeve frame body 1, a boosting sleeve 23, and a booster disk 5;
  • the outer sleeve frame body 1 includes a set portion 30 and a support portion 31;
  • the set portion 30 is set on the molding machine main shaft O
  • the support portion 31 is disposed on the set portion 30;
  • a booster disk drive device 2 (cylinder) is mounted outside the support portion 31; one end of the boost sleeve 23 is mounted at the end of the support portion 31, and the boosting sleeve 23 The other end is equipped with a booster disk 5.
  • the booster disc 5 has an arc-shaped structure which is adapted to the shape of the tire, and the booster disc 5 is pushed by the booster disc drive device 2 (cylinder) to push the raised capsule 8 in a shape adapted to the shape of the tire. To the tire component, the tire component is attached very tightly to the carcass drum.
  • the finger blade device B includes a finger blade mounting sleeve 22 that fits over the molding machine spindle O; a finger blade mounting seat 25 and a finger blade are disposed on the finger blade mounting sleeve 22.
  • Pushing plate 24, finger plate 4 is hingedly mounted on finger blade mount 25; spring 3 is mounted on finger plate pusher 24; one end of spring 3 is connected to finger plate 4; finger push The disk 24 is driven by a finger drive 26; the finger drive 26 is attached to a finger pad 24 which passes through the support portion 31 of the outer sleeve device A.
  • the capsule device C comprises a sealing inner sleeve 15, a sealing outer sleeve 16, and a connecting member 21; the sealing inner sleeve 15 is sleeved on the main shaft 13 of the molding machine, and the sealing outer sleeve 16 is sleeved outside the sealing inner sleeve 15; the cylinder body 27 is mounted on the sealing outer sleeve 16 Upper; the capsule holder 17 is mounted on the cylinder block 27; the capsule 8 is mounted on the capsule holder 17.
  • the capsule device C further includes a first chuck 32, a second chuck 33 and a bracket 18; the first chuck 32 and the second chuck 33 seal and seal the capsule 8 on the capsule seat 17; the bracket 18 is mounted on the second card On the tray 33.
  • the capsule 8 is an inner rubber layer, an inner ply layer, an outer ply layer and an outer rubber layer from the inside to the outside, and a silicone layer is disposed on a portion of the outer side of the capsule 8 corresponding to the bead;
  • the components of the outer rubber layer include: 70-90 % by mass of styrene-isobutylene-styrene and 10-30% by mass of a polyamide-based polymer which is cooled at 10-100 ° C for 100 to 260 seconds after vulcanization;
  • the inner rubber layer 81 comprises mutually independent inner rubber layers I
  • the inner rubber layer II are made of natural rubber, the thickness of the two is the same, and the inner rubber layer is filled with carbon black.
  • the tire molding capsule device is mainly used for the reverse molding of the tire blank in the molding drum of the capsule drum molding machine.
  • the existing tire molding capsules are natural rubber formula compounds.
  • This kind of tire molding capsule, the isolation layer usually adopts ordinary natural rubber, etc., the isolation effect is not good, the bead is easy to adhere to the capsule when the tire is formed, which makes the unloading of the embryo difficult, the surface of the carcass is uneven, and the blank of the green tire is defective.
  • the rate is high, and the adhesion is also caused by early adhesion of the capsule, which reduces the number of times the capsule is used.
  • the capsule of the present invention includes a multilayer structure.
  • the utility model solves the problems that the bead and the capsule are easy to adhere when the tire is formed, the surface of the bead is uneven, and the defect rate is high; the use frequency of the capsule is improved, and the labor efficiency is improved.
  • the carbon black is filled between the inner rubber layer I and the inner rubber layer II in order to improve the toughness and strength of the capsule during inflation, and to improve the service life of the capsule.
  • the special component of the outer layer is provided to reduce the weight of the capsule, improve the gas permeability of the capsule, and improve its adhesion to other layers of the capsule, thereby improving the life and toughness of the capsule.
  • the invention comprises: 70 to 90% by mass of styrene-isobutylene-styrene and 10 to 30% by mass of a polyamide-based polymer which is cooled at 10 to 100 ° C for 100 to 260 seconds after vulcanization.
  • the buckle device D is mounted on the inner side of the other end of the booster sleeve 23; the buckle device D comprises a buckle drive device 6 and a jaw 7; the jaw 7 is driven by the buckle drive 6; at the end of the jaw 7 It has a buckle part, and the buckle part is a circular surface or a sloped surface.
  • the buckle part is designed as a circular arc surface or a beveled surface, which is mainly for matching the cross-sectional shape of the bead ring at the end of the apex, so that in the buckle ring process, the buckle portion and the apex rubber ring are closely matched, so that the steel wire
  • the ring is not easy to loosen, and is firmly and accurately combined with the bead body after the buckle ring process, so that the axial and radial deflection problems of the wire ring after the buckle device is evacuated, and the molding quality of the tire is improved.
  • the lock ring device E includes: a lock block 9, a slide plate 11, a jack 10, a cylinder 27 (cylinder), a piston 28 and a support member 34; the slide plate 11 is located outside the seal outer casing 16; the slide plate 11 has a slope, a top The bottom of the rod 10 abuts on the inclined surface of the slide 11 by a rolling mechanism 35; the upper portion of the top rod 10 is supported by the support member 34, the support member 34 is fixedly coupled to the cylinder block 27; and a lock is provided at the top of the top rod 10 Block 9; the slide 11 is connected to the end of the piston 28; the piston 28 is mounted outside the sealed casing 16, and the cylinder 27 is mounted outside the piston 28.
  • the cylinder 27 is inflated, pushing the piston 28 to move toward the tire, and then pushing the sliding plate 11 to move toward the tire. Then, the ram 10 on the sliding plate 11 rises along the inclined surface, causing the locking block 9 and the capsule 8 to rise, and the bead lock is locked. tight.
  • the tire building machine further includes: a connecting rod 21 and a flange 20; one end of the connecting rod 21 is mounted on the flange 20, and the other end passes through the finger piece mount 25, the finger plate pusher 24 and the support portion 31 in sequence.
  • the flange 20 is connected to the sealing inner sleeve 15.
  • the manufacturing method of the molding machine main shaft O is as follows:
  • Step 1 Select the raw materials of the workpiece
  • Step 2 The first heating, the workpiece is placed in the furnace for heating, and the temperature in the furnace is controlled to be 1000-1200 ° C. Keep warm for 3 hours;
  • Step three the first fire forming, taking out the workpiece from the furnace, using the upper and lower flat anvils through the wide anvil compacting forging method, the workpiece is upset to the first size;
  • Step 4 heating for the second time, heating the workpiece into the furnace, performing secondary recrystallization and tempering, and then three times of heating and cooling;
  • Step 5 the second fire forming, taking out the workpiece from the furnace, using the upper and lower flat anvils through the wide anvil compacting forging method, and forging the workpiece to the second size;
  • Step 6 Cutting, grinding and flaw detection, detecting and grinding the workpiece with the second size, ensuring that the roughness of the grinding place is 12 or more, and then performing the first flaw detection;
  • Step 7 roughing the car, roughing the car to make the outer surface roughness of the workpiece reach 15 or more, and then doing the second flaw detection;
  • Step 8 Finish the car and get the finished spindle.
  • the secondary recrystallization tempering specifically includes: loading the workpiece into the furnace, ensuring that the temperature in the furnace is 400-420 ° C when the workpiece is installed, and then heating to 900-950 ° C for 10 hours, during the heating process, The temperature increase per hour is less than or equal to 850 ° C, and then blown for 3 hours, the furnace temperature is lowered to 300-350 ° C, and kept for 10 hours;
  • the chemical element content of the main shaft 15 of the molding machine is: C: 0.3 to 0.45%, Si: 0.27 to 0.35%, Mn: 0.80 to 1.50%, P: 0.01 to 0.020%, S: 0.002 to 0.020%, and Cr: ⁇ 1.20%.
  • the transfer of the carcass is generally transmitted directly by a set of transfer rings. Due to the reverse wrapping device, the carcass transfer cannot be directly clamped from the carcass drum and transferred to the forming drum.
  • the present invention cleverly solves this problem.
  • Step 1 Prepare: the tire forming machine is entirely in the waiting position, the reverse wrapping device K faces the carcass drum; the oil cylinder 73 on the supporting device H is retracted, the roller 71 is retracted, and leaves the balance seat M; after that, the rotating device J rotates 180 The degree is such that the transfer ring device G faces the carcass drum.
  • Step 2 clamping: the oil cylinder 73 on the supporting device H protrudes, so that the roller 71 is supported on the balance seat M, and the tire molding machine moves toward the carcass drum; when the first carcass assembly is located inside the transmission ring device G, A carcass transfer device stops moving; thereafter, the transfer ring device G grips the first carcass assembly located on the carcass drum.
  • Step 3 Transfer: the tire forming machine moves toward the forming drum.
  • the transfer ring device G moves out of the carcass drum
  • the oil cylinder 73 on the supporting device H is retracted, and the roller 71 is retracted away from the balance seat M; after that, the rotating device J Rotating 180 degrees causes the reverse wrapping device K to face the carcass drum; the cylinder 73 on the supporting device H extends to support the roller 71 on the balance seat, and the tire building machine moves toward the forming drum.
  • Step 4 release: after the transfer ring device G sleeves the first carcass assembly on the forming drum, the tire building machine stops moving; after that, the transfer ring device G releases the green tire, and the first carcass assembly is placed on the forming drum on.
  • Step 5 Wait: The tire building machine moves toward the carcass drum and moves to the waiting position.
  • Step 1 Put the carcass assembly on the carcass drum
  • Step 2 using the first reverse wrapping device and the second reverse wrapping device to respectively perform positive wrapping on both sides of the carcass assembly;
  • Step 3 using the first reverse wrapping device and the second reverse wrapping device to respectively buckle the two sides of the carcass assembly;
  • Step 4 Locking both sides of the carcass assembly by using the first reverse wrapping device and the second reverse wrapping device ring;
  • Step 5 using the first reverse wrapping device and the second reverse wrapping device to respectively reverse the sides of the carcass assembly;
  • Step 6 Complete all the anti-packaging processes for the carcass assembly to obtain the first carcass assembly.
  • step 2 includes step 2.1:
  • the reverse wrapping device moves integrally along the axial direction of the main shaft O of the molding machine toward the carcass drum.
  • the outer sleeve device A stops moving; however, the finger device B is located The device thereon, the capsule device C and the device located thereon continue to move along the axial direction of the main shaft O of the molding machine toward the carcass drum; at this time, the finger piece 4 on the finger piece B rotates along the hinge axis The top portion is spread out; and the edge portion of the carcass assembly to be reversed is located just inside the finger plate 4.
  • step 2 The positive package process in step 2 includes step 2.2, which is located after step 2.1:
  • the outer sleeve device A moves toward the carcass drum, and the boosting sleeve 23 on the outer sleeve device A contacts the finger plate 4 to rotate and gather around the hinge axis; during the folding process, the finger blade will The rim portion of the carcass assembly is pressed against the capsule 8.
  • the finger piece 4 is gathered, and the edge portion of the carcass assembly is sandwiched between the finger piece 4 and the capsule 8, and is continuously pressed toward the axis center of the spindle O of the molding machine as the finger piece 4 is gathered.
  • step of fastening in step three described includes:
  • the apex rubber wire ring is disposed at the end of the jaw 7 of the buckle driving device 6; the buckle driving device 6 pushes the clamping jaw 7, and the clamping jaw 7 pushes the apex rubber wire ring to the set position of the carcass assembly; The jaw 7 is returned to the original position by the driving of the buckle driving device 6, and the buckle action is completed.
  • the outer sleeve device A and the finger blade device B are simultaneously moved a distance away from the carcass drum.
  • the locking step in step 4 described above includes:
  • the piston 28 moves toward the carcass drum and in turn pushes the slide 11 axially closer to the carcass drum 2, thereby causing the jack 10 to rise, and the lock block 9 at the top of the jack 10 tightly abuts the capsule 8 against the carcass assembly on.
  • the reverse packet step in step 5 described above includes:
  • the capsule 8 is inflated, and the carcass assembly is pressed upward and toward the carcass drum. At the same time, the booster disk 5 pushes the raised capsule 8 toward the carcass drum, and the carcass assembly is reversely wrapped on the apex ring. On the outside, complete the reverse package process.
  • the first turn-up device is a turn-up device K on the first carcass transfer device on one side of the carcass drum
  • the second turn-up device is a turn-back device K' on the other side of the carcass drum
  • the The structure of the anti-packaging device K is the same as that of the working device.

Abstract

一种反包装置，包括成型机主轴（O）、外套筒装置（A）、指形片装置（B）、胶囊装置（C）、扣圈装置（D）、锁圈装置（E），其特征在于：外套筒装置（A）、指形片装置（B）、胶囊装置（C）均套装在成型机主轴（O）上，且外套筒装置（A）沿成型机主轴（O）的径向方向位于指形片装置（B）、胶囊装置（C）的外侧；扣圈装置（D）位于外套筒装置（A）上。利用该反包装置的轮胎成型方法，能够提高轮胎圈口的成型质量，提高胶囊的寿命，保证胎体精度。

Description

一种反包装置及利用该反包装置的轮胎成型方法 技术领域
本发明涉及轮胎成型技术领域，特别涉及一种反包装置及利用该反包装置的轮胎成型方法。
背景技术
在轮胎成型工艺中有一个重要步骤就是轮胎胎体材料的正反包工艺，特别是在反包工艺中，大多数工艺均采用胶囊来进行反包，但是由于以往胶囊不能和成型鼓一起旋转，胎体材料在成型过程中与胶囊因为摩擦而产生磨损，且胶囊的成分结构配比不好，造成在轮胎的反包工艺中，反包胶囊的磨损较大，对生产成本的控制造成较大压力。
另外，在正包之后，反包之前要对三角胶钢丝圈进行扣圈，在传统的扣圈工艺中，由于扣圈结构过于简单，导致三角胶钢丝圈粘合不牢固，还会导致扣圈构件磨损严重。
此外，由于成型机主轴和反包装置的主轴的制造工艺不当和材料选取不当，容易造成主轴过早的磨损和损害，使得生产成本增加。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种反包装置，其能够实现正反包工艺，还提供一种利用该反包装置的轮胎成型方法，它减少了反包胶囊的磨损、减少了扣圈部件的磨损，使得三角胶粘合牢固，减少了主轴的磨损，提高了生产效率，降低了生产成本。
本发明的一方面提供一种反包装置，包括：成型机主轴、外套筒装置A、指形片装置B、胶囊装置C，扣圈装置D、锁圈装置E，外套筒装置A、指形片装置 B、胶囊装置C均套装在成型机主轴上，且外套筒装置沿成型机主轴的径向方向位于指形片装置、胶囊装置的外侧；扣圈装置位于外套筒装置上。
优选地，外套筒装置包括：外套筒架体，助推套筒，助推盘；外套筒架体包括套装部、支撑部；套装部套装在成型机主轴上；支撑部设置在套装部上；在支撑部的外部安装有助推盘驱动装置；助推套筒的一端安装在支撑部的端部，助推套筒的另一端安装有助推盘。
优选地，指形片装置包括指形片安装套筒，指形片安装套筒套装在成型机主轴上；在指形片安装套筒上设置有指形片安装座和指形片推盘，指形片通过铰接的方式安装在指形片安装座上；在指形片推盘上安装有弹簧；弹簧的一端和指形片相连；指形片推盘由指形片驱动装置驱动；指形片驱动装置连接在指形片推盘上，其穿过外套筒装置的支撑部。
优选地，胶囊装置包括密封内套、密封外套、连接件；密封内套套接在成型机主轴上，密封外套套接在密封内套外；活塞套接在密封外套外，缸体套接在活塞外；胶囊座安装在缸体上；胶囊安装在胶囊座上。
优选地，胶囊装置还包括：第一卡盘，第二卡盘和支架；第一卡盘和第二卡盘将胶囊密封固定在胶囊座上；支架安装在第二卡盘上。
优选地，扣圈装置安装在助推套筒的另一端的内侧；扣圈装置包括扣圈驱动装置和夹爪；夹爪由扣圈驱动装置驱动；在夹爪的端部具有扣圈部位，扣圈部位为圆弧面或斜面。
优选地，锁圈装置包括：锁块、顶杆、滑盘、和支撑件；滑盘位于密封外套的外部；滑盘具有一个斜面，顶杆的底部通过一个滚动机构抵接在滑盘的斜面上；顶杆的上部由支撑件支撑，支撑件固定连接在缸体上；在顶杆的顶部具有一个锁块；滑盘和活塞的端部相连。活塞安装在密封外套外侧，缸体安装在活塞外侧。
优选地，轮胎成型机还包括：连接杆和法兰盘；连接杆的一端安装在法兰盘上，另一端依次穿过指形片安装座、指形片推盘和支撑部；法兰盘和密封内 套连接。
优选地，胶囊从内到外分别包括内胶层、内帘布层、外帘布层、外胶层，在胶囊外侧与胎圈对应的部位设置有硅胶层；外胶层的组分包括：70－90质量％的苯乙烯－异丁烯－苯乙烯和10－30质量％的聚酰胺系聚合物，其在硫化后在10－100℃冷却100到260秒；内胶层包括相互独立的内胶层Ⅰ和内胶层Ⅱ，均用天然橡胶制成，二者的厚度相同，在内胶层中填充有碳黑。
优选地，成型机主轴的制造方法为：
步骤一：选择成型机主轴的原材料；
步骤二：第一次加热，将工件放入炉内加热，控制炉内温度为1000－1200℃，保温3小时；
步骤三：第一次成型，从炉内取出工件，采用上下平砧经过宽砧压实锻造法，将工件镦锻至第一尺寸；
步骤四：第二次加热，将工件放入炉内加热，进行热处理(二次重结晶正回火)，然后经过三次升温、降温处理；
步骤五，第二次成型，从炉内取出工件，采用上下平砧经过宽砧压实锻造法，将工件镦锻至第二尺寸；
步骤六、切割、打磨和探伤，对具有第二尺寸的工件进行探伤检测、打磨，保证打磨的地方粗糙度为12以上，然后做第一次探伤检测；
步骤七、粗车，粗车使工件的外表面粗糙度达到15以上，然后做第二次探伤检测；
步骤八、精车，精车得到成品主轴。
其中，在步骤四中，热处理具体包括：
将工件装炉，工件装炉的时候保证炉内温度为400－420℃，再升温到900－950℃保温10小时，升温过程中，每小时温度增加量小于等于850℃，然后吹冷3小时，使炉温降低到300－350℃，保温10小时；
再升温到800－900℃，保温10小时，升温过程中，每小时温度增加量小于 等于50℃，再吹冷3小时，使炉温降低到300－350℃，保温10小时；
之后，当炉内温度降到150℃以下后，工件出炉。
优选地，成型机主轴的化学元素含量为：C：0.3～0.45％，Si：0.27～0.35％，Mn：0.80～1.50％，P：0.01－0.020％，S：0.002－0.020％，Cr：≤1.20％，Ni：0.15－0.30％，Mo：0.23－0.25％，Cu：≤0.15％，Al：0.025～0.035％，余量为Fe。
优选地，该反包装置位于一种轮胎传递机上，该轮胎传递机包括：传递环装置G、支撑装置H、旋转装置、反包装置、平衡装置和底座装置：
底座装置上方安装有旋转装置，旋转装置的一侧安装有反包装置，旋转装置的另一侧安装有支撑装置；传递环装置安装在支撑装置上；传递环装置、支撑装置、旋转装置和反包装置能够一起旋转；
平衡装置安装在支撑装置上；底座装置上安装有平衡座，平衡装置以能够离开的方式支撑在平衡座上。
优选地，传递环装置包括第一传递环、第二传递环、第三传递环；第一传递环、第二传递环、第三传递环依次安装在传递环支架底板上。
优选地，支撑装置包括：第一传递环支架、第二传递环支架、传递环支架底板；第一传递环支架和第二传递环支架的一侧均安装在旋转装置上；第一传递环支架和第二传递环支架的底部均和传递环支架底板连接。
优选地，平衡装置安装在传递环支架底板上，其包括：滚轮、滚轮座、油缸；滚轮安装在滚轮座上，滚轮座通过导向轴安装在油缸上，油缸安装在传递环支架底板上；滚轮支撑在平衡座上。
优选地，轮胎成型机还包括限位装置，限位装置包括两根限位杆；每根限位杆的一端连接在滚轮座上，另一端连接在传递环支架底板上。
优选地，轮胎成型机还包括驱动装置，驱动装置安装在底座装置上；驱动装置包括：伺服电机、齿轮、齿条、底座、导向装置；伺服电机驱动齿轮旋转，齿轮和齿条板啮合，导向装置下方套装在底座上，导向装置上方安装在底座装置上。
本发明另一方面提供一种轮胎成型方法，利用所述的反包装置，其包括以下步骤：
步骤1－1：把胎体组件套装在胎体鼓上；
步骤1－2；利用第一反包装置和第二反包装置分别对胎体组件的两侧进行正包；
步骤1－3：利用第一反包装置和第二反包装置分别对胎体组件的两侧进行扣圈；
步骤1－4：利用第一反包装置和第二反包装置分别对胎体组件的两侧进行锁圈；
步骤1－5：利用第一反包装置和第二反包装置分别对胎体组件的两侧进行反包；
步骤1－6：对胎体组件完成所有反包过程，得到第一胎体组件。
优选地，步骤1－2中的正包工序包括步骤2.1：
反包装置整体沿着成型机主轴的轴向，朝向胎体鼓运动，在到达距胎体鼓第一距离位置的时候，外套筒装置停止运动；但是，指形片装置及位于其上的装置，胶囊装置及位于其上的装置继续沿着成型机主轴的轴向，朝向胎体鼓运动；此时，位于指形片上的指形片沿着铰接轴旋转，其顶部散开；并使得待反包的胎体组件的边沿部分正好位于指形片内侧。
优选地，所述的步骤1-2中的正包工序包括步骤2.2，其位于步骤2.1之后：
外套筒装置朝向胎体鼓运动，外套筒装置上的助推套筒和指形片接触，使其绕着铰接轴旋转并收拢；在收拢的过程中，指形片将胎体组件的边沿部分压抵在胶囊上。
优选地，所述的步骤1－3中的扣圈步骤包括：
将三角胶钢丝圈设置在扣圈装置的夹爪的端部；扣圈驱动装置推动夹爪，夹爪将三角胶钢丝圈推动到胎体组件的设定位置；之后，夹爪在扣圈驱动装置的驱动下，回到原始位置，完成扣圈动作；
在上述步骤之后，外套筒装置和指形片装置同时朝着远离胎体鼓的方向移动一段距离。
优选地，所述的步骤1-4中的锁圈步骤包括：活塞朝向胎体鼓运动，并继而推动滑盘沿轴向靠近胎体鼓，由此使得顶杆上升，顶杆顶部的锁块将胶囊紧密的抵接在胎体组件上。
优选地，所述的步骤1－5中的反包步骤包括：胶囊充气涨开，向上并向着胎体鼓挤压胎体组件，与此同时，助推盘将隆起的胶囊推向胎体鼓，将胎体组件反向包覆于三角胶钢丝圈外侧。
与现有技术相比，本发明的反包装置及利用该反包装置的轮胎成型方法具有以下优点：
1、反包胶囊可以随胎体鼓一起旋转，方便贴合，同时，正包不起褶，提高了轮胎圈口处的成型质量。
2、由于胶囊的特殊层级结构和成分选择，提高了胶囊的耐气透气性，还提高了胶囊各层级间的粘合性能，提高了胶囊的寿命和韧性。
3、在扣圈工艺中，扣圈部位和三角胶钢丝圈紧密配合，并最终使得钢丝圈在扣圈装置撤离后，不发生轴向和径向偏斜问题，提高了轮胎的成型质量。
4、对于成型主轴来说，特殊的成型工艺的成分选择提高了成型主轴的硬度和强度，延长了设备的使用寿命。
5、通过调整三个传递环之间的间距，以满足夹持不同规格的轮胎尺寸的要求。
6、在支撑装置上设置滚轮支撑结构，保证了传递环装置的高度，保证了传递环的中心和成型鼓的中心重合的程度，从而保证了胎体的传递精度。
7、通过调支撑装置上的限位装置的长度，从而可以调整支撑装置的抬升和降落的高度范围，提高了设备的适用范围
8、通过在驱动装置上安装齿轮和齿条板结构，使得整个轮胎成型装置可以沿着直线运动，保证轮胎成型装置对准成型鼓、胎体鼓，保证传递环装置能够 准确的套在成型鼓上和胎体鼓上。
附图说明
图1为根据本公开的正反包工艺中反包装置结构示意图。
图2为根据本公开的正反包工艺中反包装置中指形片张开时的示意图。
图3为根据本公开的正反包工艺中扣圈工艺的示意图。
图4为根据本公开的正反包成型工艺中胶囊充气反包的示意图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图对本发明做进一步的描述。
一、第一胎体传递装置
1、轮胎成型机的整体结构
轮胎成型机，其包括：传递环装置G、支撑装置H、旋转装置J、反包装置K、平衡装置M和底座装置N；底座装置N上方安装有旋转装置J，旋转装置J的一侧安装有反包装置K，旋转装置J的另一侧安装有支撑装置H；传递环装置G安装在支撑装置H上；传递环装置G、支撑装置H、旋转装置J和反包装置K能够一起旋转；平衡装置M安装在支撑装置H上；底座装置N上安装有平衡座Q，平衡装置M以能够离开的方式支撑在平衡座Q上。
2、传递环装置G
传递环装置G包括第一传递环53、第二传递环54、第三传递环55；第一传递环53、第二传递环54、第三传递环55依次安装在传递环支架底板63上。本发明中使用三个传递环分别夹持轮胎胎体的两端和中间三个部位，能使得在夹持胎体的过程中，胎体不变形。同时，与人工传递方式相比，其能让胎体精确定位。
每个传递环之间安装有位置调整装置，该位置调整装置是一个丝杠结构，其可以调整三个传递环之间的间距，以满足夹持不同规格的轮胎尺寸的要求。
3、支撑装置H
支撑装置H包括：第一传递环支架61、第二传递环支架62、传递环支架底板63；第一传递环支架61和第二传递环支架62的一侧均安装在旋转装置J上；第一传递环支架61和第二传递环支架62的底部均和传递环支架底板63连接。
4、平衡装置M
平衡装置M安装在传递环支架底板63上，其包括：滚轮71、滚轮座72、油缸73；滚轮71安装在轮座72上，滚轮座72通过导向轴74安装在油缸73上，油缸73安装在传递环支架底板63上。
传递环装置G夹持胎坯后，由于胎体很重，支撑装置H在重力的作用下必然下垂。这个时候，平衡装置上的油缸73的活塞杆伸出，使得连接在其上的滚轮71支撑在平衡座Q上，将第一传递环52、第二传递环53、第三传递环54抬升到所需要的高度，保证了三个传递环的中心和下一工序的成型鼓的中心重合，从而保证了胎体的传递精度。
5、限位装置L
轮胎成型机还包括限位装置L，限位装置L包括两根限位杆75，分别安装在滚轮座72的两侧；每根限位杆75的一端通过两个螺母固定连接在滚轮座72上，其中一个第一螺母位于滚轮座72的上方，另一个第二螺母位于滚轮座72的下方。每根限位杆75的另一端通过一个第三螺母连接在传递环支架底板63上，第三螺母位于传递环支架底板63的上方。通过调整第三螺母的位置，可以调整限位杆位于第三螺母和第二螺母之间的长度，从而可以调整油缸73的行程，并继而可以调整滚轮71抬升和降落的高度范围。
6、驱动装置
轮胎成型机还包括驱动装置I，驱动装置安装在底座装置N上，驱动装置I包括：伺服电机91、齿轮92、齿条94、底座96、导向装置97。伺服电机91驱动齿轮92旋转，齿轮92和齿条板94啮合，导向装置97下方套装在底座96上，导向装置97上方安装在底座装置N上。底座装置N上还安装有支撑滚轮93，以 带动整个第一胎体传递装置在支持导轨95上移动。
由此，当伺服电机91驱动齿轮92旋转时，由于齿轮92、齿条94、底座96、导向装置97的导向作用，使得支撑滚轮93在支持导轨95上做直线运动，保证轮胎成型装置对准成型鼓、胎体鼓，保证传递环装置G能够准确的套在成型鼓上和/或胎体鼓上。
7、反包装置K
7.1、反包装置K的整体结构
轮胎成型机上包括反包装置K，反包装置K包括：成型机主轴O，外套筒装置A，指形片装置B、胶囊装置C，锁圈装置D。外套筒装置A、指形片装置B、胶囊装置C均套装在成型机主轴13上，且外套筒装置A沿成型机主轴O的径向方向位于指形片装置B、胶囊装置C的外侧；扣圈装置D位于外套筒装置A上。
7.2、反包装置的外套筒装置
外套筒装置A包括：外套筒架体1、助推套筒23、助推盘5；外套筒架体1包括套装部30、支撑部31；套装部30套装在成型机主轴O上；支撑部31设置在套装部30上；在支撑部31的外部安装有助推盘驱动装置2(油缸)；助推套筒23的一端安装在支撑部31的端部，助推套筒23的另一端安装有助推盘5。
助推盘5为弧形结构，其与轮胎的外形相适应，助推盘5在助推盘驱动装置2(油缸)的推动下，将隆起的胶囊8以与轮胎外型相适应的形状推向轮胎部件，将轮胎部件十分紧密的贴合到胎体鼓上。
7.3、反包装置的指形片装置
指形片装置B包括指形片安装套筒22，指形片安装套筒22套装在成型机主轴O上；在指形片安装套筒22上设置有指形片安装座25和指形片推盘24，指形片4通过铰接的方式安装在指形片安装座25上；在指形片推盘24上安装有弹簧3；弹簧3的一端和指形片4相连；指形片推盘24由指形片驱动装置26驱动；指形片驱动装置26连接在指形片推盘24上，其穿过外套筒装置A的支撑部31。
7.4、反包装置的胶囊装置
胶囊装置C包括密封内套15、密封外套16、连接件21；密封内套15套接在成型机主轴13上，密封外套16套接在密封内套15外；缸体27安装在密封外套16上；胶囊座17安装在缸体27上；胶囊8安装在胶囊座17上。
胶囊装置C还包括：第一卡盘32，第二卡盘33和支架18；第一卡盘32和第二卡盘33将胶囊8密封固定在胶囊座17上；支架18安装在第二卡盘33上。
胶囊8从内到外分别是内胶层、内帘布层、外帘布层、外胶层，在胶囊8外侧与胎圈对应的部位设置有硅胶层；外胶层的组分包括：70－90质量％的苯乙烯－异丁烯－苯乙烯和10－30质量％的聚酰胺系聚合物，其在硫化后在10－100℃冷却100到260秒；内胶层81包括相互独立的内胶层Ⅰ和内胶层Ⅱ，均用天然橡胶制成，二者的厚度相同，在内胶层中填充有碳黑。
在传统的轮胎成型装置中，轮胎成型胶囊装置在胶囊鼓成型机的成型鼓上，主要用于轮胎胎胚的反包成型。现有的轮胎成型胶囊为天然橡胶配方胶料。这种轮胎成型胶囊，隔离层通常采用普通的天然胶等，隔离效果不好，轮胎反包成型时胎圈容易与胶囊粘连，造成卸胎胚困难，胎体表面不平整，胎坯废次品率高，同时因粘连也导致胶囊该部位早期损坏，降低了胶囊的使用次数。然而本发明中的胶囊，包括多层结构。其解决了轮胎成型时胎圈与胶囊易粘连，胎圈部位表面不平整，废次品率高等问题；提高了胶囊的使用次数，提高了劳动效率。
在内胶层Ⅰ和内胶层Ⅱ之间填充碳黑是为了提高充气时胶囊的韧性和强度，提高了胶囊的使用寿命。
设置外胶层的特殊组分减轻了胶囊的重量，提高了胶囊的耐气透气性，还提高了它和胶囊其它层级的粘合性能，提高了胶囊的寿命和韧性。
包括：70－90质量％的苯乙烯－异丁烯－苯乙烯和10－30质量％的聚酰胺系聚合物，其在硫化后在10－100℃冷却100到260秒。
7.5、反包装置的扣圈装置D
扣圈装置D安装在助推套筒23的另一端的内侧；扣圈装置D包括扣圈驱动装置6和夹爪7；夹爪7由扣圈驱动装置6驱动；在夹爪7的端部具有扣圈部位，扣圈部位为圆弧面或斜面。
扣圈部位设计为圆弧面或者是斜面，这主要是为了和三角胶端部的钢丝圈的截面形状相配合，使得在扣圈工艺中，扣圈部位和三角胶钢丝圈紧密配合，使得钢丝圈不容易松动，并在扣圈工艺后牢固、准确的和胎圈本体相结合，使得钢丝圈在扣圈装置撤离后，不发生轴向和径向偏斜问题，提高了轮胎的成型质量。
7.6、反包装置的锁圈装置E
锁圈装置E包括：锁块9、滑盘11、顶杆10、缸体27(气缸)、活塞28和支撑件34；滑盘11位于密封外套16的外部；滑盘11具有一个斜面，顶杆10的底部通过一个滚动机构35抵接在滑盘11的斜面上；顶杆10的上部由支撑件34支撑，支撑件34固定连接在缸体27上；在顶杆10的顶部具有一个锁块9；滑盘11和活塞28的端部相连；活塞28安装在密封外套16外侧，缸体27安装在活塞28外侧。
气缸27充气，推动活塞28向轮胎移动，继而推动滑盘11向轮胎移动，然后，滑盘11上的顶杆10沿着斜面升起，带动锁块9和胶囊8升起，将胎圈锁紧。
7.7、反包装置的其它装置
轮胎成型机还包括：连接杆21和法兰盘20；连接杆21的一端安装在法兰盘20上，另一端依次穿过指形片安装座25、指形片推盘24和支撑部31；法兰盘20和密封内套15连接。
7.8、反包装置的成型机主轴O
成型机主轴O的制造方法为：
步骤一、选择工件的原材料；
步骤二、第一次加热，将工件放入炉内加热，控制炉内温度为1000－1200℃， 保温3小时；
步骤三、第一火成型，从炉内取出工件，采用上下平砧经过宽砧压实锻造法，将工件镦锻至第一尺寸；
步骤四、第二次加热，将工件放入炉内加热，进行二次重结晶正回火，然后经过三次升温、降温处理；
步骤五，第二火成型，从炉内取出工件，采用上下平砧经过宽砧压实锻造法，将工件镦锻至第二尺寸；
步骤六、切割、打磨和探伤，对具有第二尺寸的工件进行探伤检测、打磨，保证打磨的地方粗糙度为12以上，然后做第一次探伤检测；
步骤七、粗车，粗车使工件的外表面粗糙度达到15以上，然后做第二次探伤检测；
步骤八、精车，精车得到成品主轴。
步骤四中，二次重结晶正回火具体是包括：将工件装炉，工件装炉的时候保证炉内温度为400－420℃，再升温到900－950℃保温10小时，升温过程中，每小时温度增加量小于等于850℃，然后吹冷3小时，使炉温降低到300－350℃，保温10小时；
再升温到800－900℃，保温10小时，升温过程中，每小时温度增加量小于等于50℃，再吹冷3小时，使炉温降低到300－350℃，保温10小时；
之后，当炉内温度降到150℃以下后，工件出炉。
成型机主轴15的化学元素含量为：C：0.3～0.45％，Si：0.27～0.35％，Mn：0.80～1.50％，P：0.01－0.020％，S：0.002－0.020％，Cr：≤1.20％，Ni：0.15－0.30％，Mo：0.23－0.25％，Cu：≤0.15％，Al：0.025～0.035％，余量为Fe。
由于上述成型主轴的成分选择和成型工艺，提高了成型主轴的强度和耐磨程度，延长了设备的使用寿命。
二、轮胎成型机的传递过程
在全钢子午轮胎的成型过程中，胎体的传递一般直接用一组传递环传递， 由于有反包装置，胎体传递无法直接从胎体鼓上夹持并传递到成型鼓上。本发明巧妙的解决了这个问题。
利用轮胎成型机将第一胎体组件从胎体鼓输送至成型鼓的具体步骤为：
步骤1，准备：轮胎成型机整体位于等待位，反包装置K朝向胎体鼓；支撑装置H上的油缸73缩回，将滚轮71收起，离开平衡座M；之后，旋转装置J旋转180度，使得传递环装置G朝向胎体鼓。
步骤2，夹持：支撑装置H上的油缸73伸出，使滚轮71支撑在平衡座M上，轮胎成型机朝向胎体鼓运动；当第一胎体组件位于传递环装置G内部时，第一胎体传递装置停止运动；之后，传递环装置G夹持住位于胎体鼓上的第一胎体组件。
步骤3，传递：轮胎成型机朝向成型鼓运动，当传递环装置G移出胎体鼓后，支撑装置H上的油缸73缩回，将滚轮71收起，离开平衡座M；之后，旋转装置J旋转180度，使得反包装置K朝向胎体鼓；支撑装置H上的油缸73伸出，使滚轮71支撑在平衡座上，轮胎成型机朝向成型鼓运动。
步骤4，释放：当传递环装置G将第一胎体组件套置在成型鼓上后，轮胎成型机停止运动；之后，传递环装置G释放胎坯，将第一胎体组件套在成型鼓上。
步骤5，等待：轮胎成型机朝向胎体鼓运动，移动到等待位。
三、正反包成型工艺
1、利用提到的反包成型装置来对胎体进行正包和/或反包工艺，其包括以下步骤：
步骤一：把胎体组件套装在胎体鼓上；
步骤二；利用第一反包装置和第二反包装置分别对胎体组件的两侧进行正包；
步骤三：利用第一反包装置和第二反包装置分别对胎体组件的两侧进行扣圈；
步骤四：利用第一反包装置和第二反包装置分别对胎体组件的两侧进行锁 圈；
步骤五：利用第一反包装置和第二反包装置分别对胎体组件的两侧进行反包；
步骤六：对胎体组件完成所有反包过程，得到第一胎体组件。
2、所述的步骤二中的正包工序包括步骤2.1：
反包装置整体沿着成型机主轴O的轴向，朝向胎体鼓运动，在到达距胎体鼓第一距离位置的时候，外套筒装置A停止运动；但是，指形片装置B及位于其上的装置，胶囊装置C及位于其上的装置继续沿着成型机主轴O的轴向，朝向胎体鼓运动；此时，位于指形片B上的指形片4沿着铰接轴旋转，其顶部散开；并使得待反包的胎体组件的边沿部分正好位于指形片4内侧。
3、所述的步骤二中的正包工序包括步骤2.2，其位于步骤2.1之后：
外套筒装置A朝向胎体鼓运动，外套筒装置A上的助推套筒23和指形片4接触，使其绕着铰接轴旋转并收拢；在收拢的过程中，指形片将胎体组件的边沿部分压抵在胶囊8上。
此时，指形片4收拢，将胎体组件的边沿部分夹在指形片4和胶囊8之间，并随着指形片4的收拢不断被压向成型机主轴O的轴中心。
4、所述的步骤三中的扣圈步骤包括：
将三角胶钢丝圈设置在扣圈驱动装置6的夹爪7的端部；扣圈驱动装置6推动夹爪7，夹爪7将三角胶钢丝圈推动到胎体组件的设定位置；之后，夹爪7在扣圈驱动装置6的驱动下，回到原始位置，完成扣圈动作。
在上述步骤之后，外套筒装置A和指形片装置B同时朝着远离胎体鼓的方向移动一段距离。
5、所述的步骤四中的锁圈步骤包括：
活塞28朝向胎体鼓运动，并继而推动滑盘11沿轴向靠近胎体鼓2，由此使得顶杆10上升，顶杆10顶部的锁块9将胶囊8紧密的抵接在胎体组件上。
6、所述的步骤五中的反包步骤包括：
胶囊8充气涨开，向上并向着胎体鼓挤压胎体组件，与此同时，助推盘5将隆起的胶囊8推向胎体鼓，将胎体组件反向包覆于三角胶钢丝圈外侧，完成反包过程。
第一反包装置是位于胎体鼓一侧的第一胎体传递装置上的反包装置K，第二反包装置是位于胎体鼓另一侧的反包装置K’，其和所述的反包装置K的结构和工作方式相同。
上述技术方案只是本公开的一种实施例，对于本领域内的技术人员而言，在本公开的原理的基础上，很容易做出各种类型的改进或变形，而不仅限于本公开上述具体实施例的描述，因此前面的描述只是优选的，而并不具有限制性的意义。

Claims (14)

  1. 一种反包装置，包括：成型机主轴(O)、外套筒装置(A)、指形片装置(B)、胶囊装置(C)、扣圈装置(D)、锁圈装置(E)，其特征在于：
    外套筒装置(A)、指形片装置(B)、胶囊装置(C)均套装在成型机主轴(O)上，且外套筒装置(A)沿成型机主轴(O)的径向方向位于指形片装置(B)、胶囊装置(C)的外侧；扣圈装置(D)位于外套筒装置(A)上。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的反包装置，其特征在于：外套筒装置(A)包括：外套筒架体(1)、助推套筒(23)、助推盘(5)；外套筒架体(1)包括套装部(30)、支撑部(31)；套装部(30)套装在成型机主轴(O)上；支撑部(31)设置在套装部(30)上；在支撑部(31)的外部安装有助推盘驱动装置(2)；助推套筒(23)的一端安装在支撑部(31)的端部，助推套筒(23)的另一端安装有助推盘(5)。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的反包装置，其特征在于：指形片装置(B)包括指形片安装套筒(22)，指形片安装套筒(22)套装在成型机主轴(13)上；在指形片安装套筒(22)上设置有指形片安装座(25)和指形片推盘(24)，指形片(4)通过铰接的方式安装在指形片安装座(25)上；在指形片推盘(24)上安装有弹簧(3)；弹簧(3)的一端和指形片(4)相连；指形片推盘(24)由指形片驱动装置(26)驱动；指形片驱动装置(26)连接在指形片推盘(24)上，其穿过外套筒装置(A)的支撑部(31)。
  4. 如权利要求1所述的反包装置，其特征在于：胶囊装置(C)包括密封内套(15)、密封外套(16)、连接件(21)；密封内套(15)套接在成型机主轴(O)上，密封外套(16)套接在密封内套(15)外；缸体(27)安装在密封外 套(16)上；胶囊座(17)安装在缸体(27)上；胶囊(8)安装在胶囊座(17)上。
  5. 如权利要求1所述的一种反包装置，其特征在于：胶囊装置(C)还包括：第一卡盘(32)、第二卡盘(33)和支架(18)；第一卡盘(32)和第二卡盘(33)将胶囊(8)密封固定在胶囊座(17)上；支架(18)安装在第二卡盘(33)上。
  6. 如权利要求1所述的反包装置，其特征在于：扣圈装置(D)安装在助推套筒(23)的另一端的内侧；扣圈装置(D)包括扣圈驱动装置(6)和夹爪(7)；夹爪(7)由扣圈驱动装置(6)驱动；在夹爪(7)的端部具有扣圈部位，扣圈部位为圆弧面或斜面。
  7. 如权利要求1所述的反包装置，其特征在于：锁圈装置(E)包括：锁块(9)、顶杆(10)、滑盘(11)、缸体(27)、活塞(28)和支撑件(34)；滑盘(11)位于密封外套(16)的外部；滑盘(11)具有一个斜面，顶杆(11)的底部通过一个滚动机构(35)抵接在滑盘(11)的斜面上；顶杆(11)的上部由支撑件(34)支撑，支撑件(34)固定连接在缸体(27)上；在顶杆(10)的顶部具有一个锁块(9)；滑盘(11)和活塞(28)的端部相连；活塞(28)安装在密封外套(16)外侧，缸体(27)安装在活塞(28)外侧。
  8. 如权利要求1所述的反包装置，其特征在于：其还包括：连接杆(21)和法兰盘(20)；连接杆(21)的一端安装在法兰盘(20)上，另一端依次穿过指形片安装座(25)、指形片推盘(24)和支撑部(31)；法兰盘(20)和密封内套(15)连接。
  9. 一种轮胎成型方法，利用根据权利要求1-8中任一项所述的反包装置，其特征在于，所述轮胎成型方法包括以下步骤：
    步骤1－1：把胎体组件套装在胎体鼓上；
    步骤1－2；利用第一反包装置和第二反包装置分别对胎体组件的两侧进行正包；
    步骤1－3：利用第一反包装置和第二反包装置分别对胎体组件的两侧进行扣圈；
    步骤1－4：利用第一反包装置和第二反包装置分别对胎体组件的两侧进行锁圈；
    步骤1－5：利用第一反包装置和第二反包装置分别对胎体组件的两侧进行反包；
    步骤1－6：对胎体组件完成所有反包过程，得到第一胎体组件。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的轮胎成型方法，其特征在于：
    步骤1－2中的正包工序包括步骤2.1：
    反包装置整体沿着成型机主轴的轴向，朝向胎体鼓运动，在到达距胎体鼓第一距离位置的时候，外套筒装置停止运动；但是，指形片装置及位于其上的装置，胶囊装置及位于其上的装置继续沿着成型机主轴的轴向，朝向胎体鼓运动；此时，位于指形片上的指形片沿着铰接轴旋转，其顶部散开；并使得待反包的胎体组件的边沿部分正好位于指形片内侧。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的轮胎成型方法，其特征在于：
    所述的步骤1-2中的正包工序包括步骤2.2，其位于步骤2.1之后：
    外套筒装置朝向胎体鼓运动，外套筒装置上的助推套筒和指形片接触，使其绕着铰接轴旋转并收拢；在收拢的过程中，指形片将胎体组件的边沿部分压抵在胶囊上。
  12. 根据权利要求9所述的轮胎成型方法，其特征在于：
    所述的步骤1－3中的扣圈步骤包括：
    将三角胶钢丝圈设置在扣圈装置的夹爪的端部；扣圈驱动装置推动夹爪，夹爪将三角胶钢丝圈推动到胎体组件的设定位置；之后，夹爪在扣圈驱动装置的驱动下，回到原始位置，完成扣圈动作；
    在上述步骤之后，外套筒装置和指形片装置同时朝着远离胎体鼓的方向移动一段距离。
  13. 根据权利要求9所述的轮胎成型方法，其特征在于：
    所述的步骤1-4中的锁圈步骤包括：活塞朝向胎体鼓运动，并继而推动滑盘沿轴向靠近胎体鼓，由此使得顶杆上升，顶杆顶部的锁块将胶囊紧密的抵接在胎体组件上。
  14. 根据权利要求9所述的轮胎成型方法，其特征在于：
    所述的步骤1－5中的反包步骤包括：胶囊充气涨开，向上并向着胎体鼓挤压胎体组件，与此同时，助推盘将隆起的胶囊推向胎体鼓，将胎体组件反向包覆于三角胶钢丝圈外侧。
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