WO2017201738A1 - 电池保护板、电池和移动终端 - Google Patents

电池保护板、电池和移动终端 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017201738A1
WO2017201738A1 PCT/CN2016/083695 CN2016083695W WO2017201738A1 WO 2017201738 A1 WO2017201738 A1 WO 2017201738A1 CN 2016083695 W CN2016083695 W CN 2016083695W WO 2017201738 A1 WO2017201738 A1 WO 2017201738A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
battery
circuit
charging
battery protection
mobile terminal
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2016/083695
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
田晨
张加亮
Original Assignee
广东欧珀移动通信有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 广东欧珀移动通信有限公司 filed Critical 广东欧珀移动通信有限公司
Priority to CN201680001790.2A priority Critical patent/CN106537722A/zh
Priority to PCT/CN2016/083695 priority patent/WO2017201738A1/zh
Priority to PCT/CN2017/085793 priority patent/WO2017202349A1/en
Priority to JP2018554754A priority patent/JP6665317B2/ja
Priority to KR1020187029583A priority patent/KR102121545B1/ko
Priority to US15/606,463 priority patent/US10644520B2/en
Publication of WO2017201738A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017201738A1/zh

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
    • H02J7/0036—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits using connection detecting circuits
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
    • H02H7/18—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for batteries; for accumulators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04M—TELEPHONIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04M1/00—Substation equipment, e.g. for use by subscribers
    • H04M1/72—Mobile telephones; Cordless telephones, i.e. devices for establishing wireless links to base stations without route selection
    • H04M1/725—Cordless telephones
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
    • H02J7/00302—Overcharge protection
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
    • H02J7/00304—Overcurrent protection

Definitions

  • Embodiments of the present invention relate to the field of mobile terminals, and, more particularly, to a battery protection board, a battery, and a mobile terminal.
  • mobile terminals such as smart phones
  • the security of mobile terminals has become the focus of users.
  • the present application provides a battery protection board and a battery suitable for a mobile terminal, and provides a mobile terminal.
  • a battery protection board includes: a protection circuit connected to a charge and discharge circuit of a battery in a mobile terminal, wherein the protection circuit controls conduction and shutdown of the charge and discharge circuit through a switch;
  • the battery fuel gauge detects a pressure drop generated by an impedance of the current detecting element in the charging and discharging circuit during charging and discharging of the battery through the charging and discharging circuit, and determines the pressure according to the voltage drop.
  • the electric quantity of the battery, the current detecting element is a wire connected in series in the charging and discharging circuit, or the current detecting element is the switch; wherein at least part of the wiring of the charging and discharging circuit is exposed by opening a window
  • the conductive portion is disposed in a surface layer of the battery protection panel.
  • a battery comprising a battery cell, and a battery protection panel as described in the first aspect, the battery core being coupled to the battery protection.
  • a mobile terminal comprising a charging interface, and a battery as described in the second aspect, the battery being coupled to the charging interface.
  • the conductive protection sheet is disposed above the surface layer of the battery protection board, and the conductive sheet is electrically connected to the wiring of the charging and discharging circuit to increase the thickness of the wiring.
  • the conductive sheet may extend outward (the outside of the battery protection panel) in a direction perpendicular to the battery protection panel.
  • the conductive sheet is soldered to a surface layer of the battery protection panel.
  • the conductive sheet is a copper sheet.
  • the shape of the conductive sheet corresponds to, similarly or identically to the shape of the trace of the charge and discharge circuit.
  • the protection circuit and the battery fuel gauge can be integrated in the same integrated circuit.
  • the battery protection board further includes: a temperature detecting circuit for detecting a temperature of the battery; the battery fuel gauge is connected to the temperature detecting circuit, and the battery fuel gauge is specifically used for Determining an impedance of the current detecting element at a current temperature according to a temperature detected by the temperature detecting circuit and a correspondence relationship between a temperature and an impedance (or resistance) of the current detecting element; according to the current detecting element The impedance at the current temperature, and the voltage drop generated by the impedance at the current temperature, determines a current flowing through the current detecting element; and determines a power amount of the battery based on a current flowing through the current detecting element.
  • the battery fuel gauge can include the temperature sensing circuit.
  • the protection circuit includes: a field effect transistor, the field effect transistor is located in the charge and discharge circuit; and a controller, the controller is connected to the field effect transistor (eg, with a field effect) The gate of the tube) controls conduction and shutdown of the charge and discharge circuit through the field effect transistor.
  • the FET has a resistance of less than 2 milliohms.
  • the protection circuit includes two field effect transistors disposed back to back, the switch being at least one of the two field effect transistors.
  • the FET may be a Metal Oxide Semiconductor (MOS) tube, and the impedance of the switch may refer to the resistance R ds of the MOS transistor.
  • MOS Metal Oxide Semiconductor
  • the protection circuit may be a first protection circuit in the battery protection board, and the battery protection board further includes: a second protection circuit, the second protection circuit is connected to the charging and discharging circuit And over-pressurizing and/or over-current protection of the charge and discharge circuit by a fuse.
  • the mobile terminal supports a normal charging mode and a fast charging mode, wherein the charging speed of the fast charging mode is greater than the charging speed of the normal charging mode.
  • the charging current of the fast charging mode is greater than the charging current of the normal charging mode.
  • the charging voltage of the fast charging mode is greater than the charging voltage of the normal charging mode.
  • the mobile terminal in the fast charging mode, performs two-way communication with an adapter through the charging interface.
  • the battery protection board provided by the present application can reduce the number of devices in the battery protection board, save the layout area and the cost of the battery protection board, reduce the failure rate of the battery protection board, and reduce the impedance of the battery protection board, thereby reducing the impedance of the battery protection board.
  • FIG. 1 is an exemplary diagram of a battery protection board.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic circuit diagram of a battery protection board according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic circuit diagram of a battery protection board according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a battery protection plate according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of a battery protection plate according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 6 is a schematic circuit diagram of a battery protection board according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 7 is a schematic circuit diagram of a battery protection panel of an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 8 is a schematic structural view of a battery according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a mobile terminal according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 is an exemplary diagram of a battery protection board.
  • the battery protection panel 10 of Figure 1 includes:
  • the protection circuit 11 is connected to the charge and discharge circuit 13 of the battery in the mobile terminal, and the protection circuit 11 is used to control the on and off of the charge and discharge circuit 13;
  • the current detecting resistor 14 is connected in series in the charging and discharging circuit 13;
  • the battery fuel gauge 15 is connected to both ends of the current detecting resistor 14. During the charging and discharging of the battery through the charging and discharging circuit, the battery fuel gauge 15 detects the voltage drop generated by the impedance of the current detecting resistor 14, and according to the The voltage drop determines the battery's charge.
  • the protection circuit 11 of FIG. 1 includes a control IC 16 and a pair of back-to-back MOS transistors T1 and T2.
  • the control IC 16 passes through the Cout terminal and the Dout terminal and the MOS transistor T1, respectively. Connected to MOS tube T2.
  • the resistance of the MOS transistor can be selected from a MOS transistor having a resistance of less than 2 milliohms, which can reduce the impedance of the battery protection board, thereby reducing the temperature of the battery protection board during operation.
  • the Cout terminal can be an overcharge control terminal that controls the switching of the MOS transistor through the gate voltage of the MOS transistor T2.
  • the Dout terminal can be an over-discharge, over-current, or short-circuit control terminal that controls the switching of the MOS transistor through the gate voltage of the MOS transistor T1.
  • P+ and P- represent the positive and negative electrodes of the battery protection panel 10, respectively.
  • P+ and P- represent the positive and negative electrodes of the battery cell 12 which are taken out through the battery protection plate 10, respectively.
  • the size of mobile terminals is getting smaller and smaller, and the integration requirements for circuits are getting higher and higher.
  • the battery protection board in the scheme not only integrates the protection circuit, but also integrates the battery fuel gauge, and has high integration degree, which is suitable for application inside the mobile terminal and provides protection for the battery of the mobile terminal.
  • the current detecting resistor 14 can be removed, and the battery fuel gauge 15 is connected to both ends of one or more MOS tubes of the protection circuit 11. . That is to say, the current detecting function can be realized by using the resistance R ds of the MOS transistor instead of the current detecting resistor 14, so that the device in the battery protection board 10 can be further reduced.
  • the above embodiment has high reliability requirements for the MOS transistor in the protection circuit 11.
  • the battery fuel gauge 15 and the wire 17 on the battery protection board 10 (the wire 17 is a section of the battery protection board 10, the trace may be impedance
  • the designed copper sheath is connected, that is, the current-sense resistor 14 of FIG. 1 is replaced by the resistance of the wire 17 in the battery protection panel 10. This not only reduces the number of devices in the battery protection board, saves the layout area and the cost of the battery protection board, but also reduces the failure rate of the battery protection board.
  • the battery protection board is generally integrated with the battery cells to form a battery.
  • the size of the battery is generally small. Therefore, the area and thickness of the battery protection board need to be made small, and the path resistance of the battery protection board with a small volume or area is high, which generally results in a higher temperature of the battery protection board.
  • the main path of the battery protection board 10 may include the charge and discharge circuit 13
  • the window is exposed to the surface of the battery protection panel 10 in such a manner that the conductive portion is exposed.
  • the wiring of the charging and discharging circuit 13 is located on the upper surface of the battery protection board 10, so-called window opening. It means that the surface layer of the wiring of the charging and discharging circuit 13 does not brush the insulating material such as green oil, so that the charging and discharging circuit 13 can better exchange heat with the outside, so that the heat is dissipated as quickly as possible.
  • a conductive sheet 19 (such as a copper sheet) may be disposed above the surface layer of the battery protection board 10, and the conductive sheet 19 is connected to the wiring of the charging and discharging circuit to increase the routing. thickness.
  • the conductive sheet 19 may extend toward the outside of the battery protection panel 10 in the direction perpendicular to the battery protection panel 10 (or the surface layer of the vertical battery protection panel 10).
  • a copper piece corresponding to (or similar to) the shape of the main path of the surface of the battery protection board may be customized, and the copper piece is pasted on the exposed copper exposed area of the window through the solder paste without increasing the battery protection board.
  • the channel impedance is reduced by increasing the thickness of the trace, thereby reducing the temperature rise of the battery protection board.
  • the copper sheet in the embodiment of the present invention is not limited to a planar shape.
  • the copper sheet may be formed in a three-dimensional pinned structure and soldered to the battery protection board through the through holes of the battery protection board.
  • the battery fuel gauge 15 and the protection circuit 11 can be integrated in an integrated circuit, which can further reduce the number of devices in the battery protection panel 10, so that the wiring in the battery protection panel 10 is more unobstructed.
  • the impedance of the wire 17 in the battery protection panel changes as the temperature of the battery or battery protection panel 10 changes.
  • the temperature detecting circuit 18 may be added to the battery protection plate 10 (as shown in FIG. 6). Show).
  • the battery protection board 10 may further include: a temperature detecting circuit 18 for detecting the temperature of the battery or the battery protection board; the battery fuel gauge 15 may be connected to the temperature detecting circuit 18, and the battery fuel gauge 15 may be specifically configured to: detect according to the temperature The temperature detected by the circuit 18, and the correspondence between the temperature and the impedance of the wire (this correspondence may be stored in advance in the memory of the battery protection board 10), determining the impedance of the wire 17 at the current temperature; according to the current temperature of the wire 17 The lower impedance detects the current flowing through the wire 17; the amount of electricity of the battery is determined based on the current flowing through the wire 17.
  • a temperature detecting circuit 18 for detecting the temperature of the battery or the battery protection board
  • the battery fuel gauge 15 may be connected to the temperature detecting circuit 18, and the battery fuel gauge 15 may be specifically configured to: detect according to the temperature The temperature detected by the circuit 18, and the correspondence between the temperature and the impedance of the wire (this correspondence may be stored in advance in the memory of the battery protection board 10),
  • temperature detection circuit 18 can be integrated into battery fuel gauge 15. In some embodiments, temperature detection circuit 18 can be provided separately from battery fuel gauge 15.
  • temperature sensing circuit 18 senses the temperature through the thermistor.
  • the thermistor may be a Negative Temperature Coefficient (NTC) resistor or a Possitive Temperature Coefficient (PTC) resistor.
  • NTC Negative Temperature Coefficient
  • PTC Possitive Temperature Coefficient
  • one end of the thermistor is connected to the positive pole P+ of the battery protection plate by a pull-up resistor.
  • the protection circuit 11 may be the first protection circuit in the battery protection board 10.
  • the battery protection board 10 may further include:
  • the second protection circuit 21 and the second protection circuit 21 can provide protection for the charging and discharging process of the battery in the event that the first protection circuit 11 fails.
  • the second protection circuit 21 can provide overvoltage or overcurrent protection for the charge and discharge process of the battery through the fuse.
  • the second protection circuit 21 may include a first fuse pin F1 and a second fuse pin F2. When an overvoltage or overcurrent occurs in the charge and discharge circuit 13, the second protection circuit 21 is located. The fuse between the first fuse pin F1 and the second fuse pin F2 is blown.
  • the battery protection panel of the embodiment of the present invention has been described in detail above with reference to FIGS. 1 through 7.
  • the battery and the mobile terminal of the embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to FIGS. 8 and 9.
  • Fig. 8 is a schematic structural view of a battery according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the battery 800 of Figure 8 includes:
  • a battery protection board 820 is connected to the battery cell 810.
  • the battery protection board 820 in FIG. 8 can adopt the battery protection board described above, and to avoid repetition, it will not be described in detail herein.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a mobile terminal according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the mobile terminal 900 of FIG. 9 includes:
  • a battery 800 is connected to the charging interface 910.
  • the mobile terminal 900 can support a normal charging mode and a fast charging mode, wherein the charging speed of the fast charging mode is greater than the charging speed of the normal charging mode.
  • the charging current of the fast charging mode is greater than the charging current of the normal charging mode.
  • the mobile terminal 900 performs two-way communication with the adapter through the charging interface 910.
  • the embodiment of the present invention does not specifically limit the communication process between the mobile terminal and the adapter.
  • the communication between the mobile terminal and the adapter may refer to the handshake process of the two parties, that is, the mobile terminal and the adapter determine the charging mode, the charging voltage, and the charging by shaking hands. Current and other parameters.
  • the disclosed systems, devices, and methods may be implemented in other manners.
  • the device embodiments described above are merely illustrative.
  • the division of the unit is only a logical function division.
  • there may be another division manner for example, multiple units or components may be combined or Can be integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed.
  • the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be an indirect coupling or communication connection through some interface, device or unit, and may be in an electrical, mechanical or other form.
  • the units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components displayed as units may or may not be physical units, that is, may be located in one place, or may be distributed to multiple network units. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of the embodiment.
  • each functional unit in each embodiment of the present invention may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist physically separately, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit.
  • the functions may be stored in a computer readable storage medium if implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as a standalone product.
  • the technical solution of the present invention which is essential or contributes to the prior art, or a part of the technical solution, may be embodied in the form of a software product, which is stored in a storage medium, including
  • the instructions are used to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to perform all or part of the steps of the methods described in various embodiments of the present invention.
  • the foregoing storage medium includes: a U disk, a mobile hard disk, a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a magnetic disk, or an optical disk, and the like. .

Abstract

本发明实施例提供一种电池保护板、电池和移动终端，该电池保护板包括：保护电路，与移动终端中的电池的充放电回路相连，保护电路通过开关控制充放电回路的导通与关断；电池电量计，在电池通过充放电回路进行充放电的过程中，电池电量计检测充放电回路中的检流元件的阻抗产生的压降，并根据压降确定电池的电量，检流元件为串联在充放电回路中的导线，或者，检流元件为开关；其中，充放电回路的至少部分走线以开窗暴露出导电部分的方式设置在电池保护板的表层。本发明实施例能够降低电池保护板的温升。

Description

电池保护板、电池和移动终端 技术领域
本发明实施例涉及移动终端领域，并且更具体地，涉及一种电池保护板、电池和移动终端。
背景技术
目前，移动终端(如智能手机)越来越受到消费者的青睐，移动终端的安全性成为用户关注的焦点。
为了保证移动终端内部的电池的安全性，需要为电池安装电池保护板。现有的电池保护板的结构多种多样，而移动终端对其电池保护板在集成性、体积方面有特殊的要求，因此，亟需提供一种适于移动终端的电池保护板。
发明内容
本申请提供一种适于移动终端的电池保护板和电池，并提供一种移动终端。
第一方面，提供一种电池保护板，包括：保护电路，与移动终端中的电池的充放电回路相连，所述保护电路通过开关控制所述充放电回路的导通与关断；电池电量计，在所述电池通过所述充放电回路进行充放电的过程中，所述电池电量计检测所述充放电回路中的检流元件的阻抗产生的压降，并根据所述压降确定所述电池的电量，所述检流元件为串联在所述充放电回路中的导线，或者，所述检流元件为所述开关；其中，所述充放电回路的至少部分走线以开窗暴露出导电部分的方式设置在所述电池保护板的表层。
第二方面，提供一种电池，包括电芯，以及如第一方面描述的电池保护板，所述电芯与所述电池保护相连。
第三方面，提供一种移动终端，包括充电接口，以及如第二方面描述的电池，所述电池与所述充电接口相连。
在上述某些实现方式中，所述电池保护板的表层上方设置有导电片，所述导电片与所述充放电回路的走线电连接，以增大所述走线的厚度。
在上述某些实现方式中，所述导电片可以沿垂直所述电池保护板的方向向外(电池保护板的外侧)延伸。
在上述某些实现方式中，所述导电片焊接在所述电池保护板的表层。
在上述某些实现方式中，所述导电片为铜片。
在上述某些实现方式中，所述导电片的形状与所述充放电回路的走线的形状对应、类似或相同。
在上述某些实现方式中，所述保护电路和所述电池电量计可以集成在同一集成电路中。
在上述某些实现方式中，所述电池保护板还包括：温度检测电路，用于检测所述电池的温度；所述电池电量计与所述温度检测电路相连，所述电池电量计具体用于：根据所述温度检测电路检测到的温度，以及温度与所述检流元件的阻抗(或电阻)的对应关系，确定所述检流元件在当前温度下的阻抗；根据所述检流元件在所述当前温度下的阻抗，以及所述当前温度下的阻抗产生的压降，确定流过所述检流元件的电流；根据流过所述检流元件的电流，确定所述电池的电量。
在上述某些实现方式中，所述电池电量计可以包括所述温度检测电路。
在上述某些实现方式中，所述保护电路包括：场效应管，所述场效应管位于所述充放电回路中；控制器，所述控制器与所述场效应管相连(如与场效应管的栅极)，通过所述场效应管控制所述充放电回路的导通与关断。
在上述某些实现方式中，所述场效应管的电阻小于2毫欧。
在上述某些实现方式中，所述保护电路包括背靠背设置的两个场效应管，所述开关为所述两个场效应管中的至少一个。场效应管可以是金属氧化物半导体(Metal Oxide Semiconductor，MOS)管，所述开关的阻抗可以指所述MOS管的电阻Rds。
在上述某些实现方式中，所述保护电路可以为电池保护板中的第一保护电路，所述电池保护板还包括：第二保护电路，所述第二保护电路与所述充放电回路相连，并通过熔丝对所述充放电回路进行过压和/或过流保护。
在上述某些实现方式中，所述移动终端支持普通充电模式和快速充电模式，其中，所述快速充电模式的充电速度大于所述普通充电模式的充电速度。
在上述某些实现方式中，所述快速充电模式的充电电流大于所述普通充电模式的充电电流。
在上述某些实现方式中，所述快速充电模式的充电电压大于所述普通充电模式的充电电压。
在上述某些实现方式中，在所述快速充电模式下，所述移动终端通过所述充电接口与适配器进行双向通信。
本申请提供的电池保护板不但能够减少电池保护板中的器件的数量，节省了布板面积和电池保护板的成本，降低电池保护板的失效率，而且能够降低电池保护板的阻抗，从而降低电池保护板在工作时的温度。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例的技术方案，下面将对本发明实施例中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面所描述的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1是电池保护板的示例图。
图2是本发明实施例的电池保护板的示意性电路图。
图3是本发明实施例的电池保护板的示意性电路图。
图4是本发明实施例的电池保护板的示意性结构图。
图5是本发明实施例的电池保护板的示意性结构图。
图6是本发明实施例的电池保护板的示意性电路图。
图7是本发明实施例的电池保护板的示意性电路图。
图8是本发明实施例的电池的示意性结构图。
图9是本发明实施例的移动终端的示意性结构图。
具体实施方式
图1是电池保护板的示例图。图1的电池保护板10包括：
保护电路11，与移动终端中的电池的充放电回路13相连，保护电路11用于控制充放电回路13的导通与关断；
检流电阻14，串联在充放电回路13中；
电池电量计15，电池电量计15与检流电阻14两端相连，在电池通过充放电回路进行充放电的过程中，电池电量计15检测检流电阻14的阻抗产生的压降，并根据该压降确定电池的电量。
在一些实施例中，图1中的保护电路11包括控制IC 16和一对儿背靠背的MOS管T1和T2，控制IC 16分别通过Cout端和Dout端与MOS管T1 和MOS管T2相连。
在一些实施例中，上述MOS管的电阻可以选取阻值小于2毫欧的MOS管，这样可以降低电池保护板的阻抗，从而降低电池保护板在工作时的温度。
在一些实施例中，Cout端可以是过充控制端，通过MOS管T2栅极电压控制MOS管的开关。
在一些实施例中，Dout端可以是过放、过流或短路控制端，通过MOS管T1栅极电压控制MOS管的开关。
在一些实施例中，P+和P-分别代表电池保护板10的正极和负极。或者，P+和P-分别代表通过电池保护板10接出来的电芯12的正极和负极。
移动终端的体积越来越小，对电路的集成度要求越来越高。该方案中的电池保护板不但集成了保护电路，而且集成了电池电量计，集成度较高，很适合应用在移动终端内部，为移动终端的电池提供保护。
上述方案还存在被进一步提升的可能。为了进一步减少移动终端的体积，可选地，作为一个实施例，参见图2，可以将检流电阻14去掉，并将电池电量计15连接在保护电路11的一个或多个MOS管的两端。也就是说，可以利用MOS管的电阻Rds代替检流电阻14实现检流功能，这样可以进一步减少电池保护板10中的器件。
上述实施例对保护电路11中的MOS管的可靠性要求较高。
可选地，作为另一个实施例，参见图3，可以将电池电量计15与电池保护板10上的导线17(导线17是电池保护板10中的一段走线，该走线可以是经过阻抗设计的铜皮走线)相连，也就是说，通过电池保护板10中的导线17的电阻代替图1中的检流电阻14。这样做不但能够减少电池保护板中的器件的数量，节省布板面积和电池保护板的成本，而且降低了电池保护板的失效率。
电池保护板一般与电芯集成在一起，形成电池。电池的体积一般都很小，因此，电池保护板的面积和厚度需要做的很小，体积或面积较小的电池保护板的通路阻抗较高，一般会导致电池保护板的温度较高。
因此，为了在有限的空间降低电池保护板的通路阻抗，可选地，在一些实施例中，可以将电池保护板10的主通路(主通路可以包括充放电回路13)的至少部分走线以开窗暴露出导电部分的方式设置在电池保护板10的表层。如图4所示，充放电回路13的走线位于电池保护板10的上表面，所谓开窗 是指充放电回路13的走线的表层不刷绿油等绝缘物质，这样可以使得充放电回路13更好地与外界进行热交换，从而使得热量尽快散去。
进一步地，在一些实施例中，参见图5，电池保护板10的表层的上方可以设置导电片19(如铜片)，导电片19与充放电回路的走线相连，以增大走线的厚度。在一些实施例中，该导电片19可以沿垂直电池保护板10(或垂直电池保护板10的表层)的方向，向电池保护板10的外侧延伸。
具体地，可以定制与电池保护板表层的主通路的走线形状对应(或类似)的铜片，将该铜片通过锡膏贴在开窗的走线露铜区，在不增加电池保护板厚度的情况下，通过增加走线厚度的方式，降低通路阻抗，进而降低电池保护板的温升。
应理解，本发明实施例中的铜片不限于平面形状。例如，铜片可以采用立体的带插脚的结构，通过插脚穿过电池保护板上的通孔焊接在电池保护板上。
进一步地，在一些实施例中，可以将电池电量计15与保护电路11集成在一块集成电路中，这样可以进一步减少电池保护板10中的器件的数量，使得电池保护板10中的走线更加通畅。
电池保护板中的导线17的阻抗会随着电池或电池保护板10的温度的改变而改变。在利用导线17代替检流电阻14的情况下，为了能够更加准确地测得流过导线17的电流，在一些实施例中，可以在电池保护板10中加入温度检测电路18(如图6所示)。
具体地，电池保护板10还可包括：温度检测电路18，用于检测电池或电池保护板的温度；电池电量计15可以与温度检测电路18相连，电池电量计15具体可用于：根据温度检测电路18检测到的温度，以及温度与导线的阻抗的对应关系(该对应关系可以预先存储记录在电池保护板10的存储器中)，确定导线17在当前温度下的阻抗；根据导线17在当前温度下的阻抗，检测流过导线17的电流；根据流过导线17的电流，确定电池的电量。
在一些实施例中，温度检测电路18可以集成在电池电量计15中。在一些实施例中，温度检测电路18可以与电池电量计15分开设置。
在一些实施例中，温度检测电路18通过热敏电阻检测温度。在一些实施例中，热敏电阻可以是负温度系数(Negative Temperature Coefficient，NTC)电阻，也可以是正温度系数(Possitive Temperature Coefficient，PTC)电阻。 在一些实施例中，热敏电阻的一端通过上拉电阻与电池保护板的正极P+相连。
上述保护电路11可以是电池保护板10中的第一保护电路，为了进一步提高电池保护板的保护性能，可选地，在一些实施例中，参见图7，电池保护板10还可包括：第二保护电路21，第二保护电路21可以在第一保护电路11失效的情况下，为电池的充放电过程提供保护。
在一些实施例中，第二保护电路21可以通过熔丝为电池的充放电过程提供过压或过流保护。如图7所示，第二保护电路21可以包括第一熔丝引脚F1和第二熔丝引脚F2，当充放电回路13出现过压或过流时，第二保护电路21中的位于第一熔丝引脚F1和第二熔丝引脚F2之间的熔丝熔断。
上文结合图1至图7，详细描述了本发明实施例的电池保护板。下文结合图8和图9，详细描述本发明实施例的电池和移动终端。
图8是本发明实施例的电池的示意性结构图。图8的电池800包括：
电芯810；以及
电池保护板820，所述电池保护板820与所述电芯810相连。
应理解，图8中的电池保护板820可以采用上文描述的电池保护板，为避免重复，此处不再详述。
图9是本发明实施例的移动终端的示意性结构图。图9的移动终端900包括：
充电接口910；
电池800，所述电池800与所述充电接口910相连。
可选地，作为一个实施例，移动终端900可以支持普通充电模式和快速充电模式，其中，快速充电模式的充电速度大于普通充电模式的充电速度。
可选地，作为一个实施例，快速充电模式的充电电流大于普通充电模式的充电电流。
可选地，作为一个实施例，在快速充电模式下，移动终端900通过充电接口910与适配器进行双向通信。
本发明实施例对移动终端与适配器之间的通信过程不作具体限定，例如，移动终端与适配器之间的通信可以指双方的握手过程，即移动终端和适配器通过握手确定充电模式、充电电压、充电电流等参数。
本领域普通技术人员可以意识到，结合本文中所公开的实施例描述的各 示例的单元及算法步骤，能够以电子硬件、或者计算机软件和电子硬件的结合来实现。这些功能究竟以硬件还是软件方式来执行，取决于技术方案的特定应用和设计约束条件。专业技术人员可以对每个特定的应用来使用不同方法来实现所描述的功能，但是这种实现不应认为超出本发明的范围。
所属领域的技术人员可以清楚地了解到，为描述的方便和简洁，上述描述的系统、装置和单元的具体工作过程，可以参考前述方法实施例中的对应过程，在此不再赘述。
在本申请所提供的几个实施例中，应该理解到，所揭露的系统、装置和方法，可以通过其它的方式实现。例如，以上所描述的装置实施例仅仅是示意性的，例如，所述单元的划分，仅仅为一种逻辑功能划分，实际实现时可以有另外的划分方式，例如多个单元或组件可以结合或者可以集成到另一个系统，或一些特征可以忽略，或不执行。另一点，所显示或讨论的相互之间的耦合或直接耦合或通信连接可以是通过一些接口，装置或单元的间接耦合或通信连接，可以是电性，机械或其它的形式。
所述作为分离部件说明的单元可以是或者也可以不是物理上分开的，作为单元显示的部件可以是或者也可以不是物理单元，即可以位于一个地方，或者也可以分布到多个网络单元上。可以根据实际的需要选择其中的部分或者全部单元来实现本实施例方案的目的。
另外，在本发明各个实施例中的各功能单元可以集成在一个处理单元中，也可以是各个单元单独物理存在，也可以两个或两个以上单元集成在一个单元中。
所述功能如果以软件功能单元的形式实现并作为独立的产品销售或使用时，可以存储在一个计算机可读取存储介质中。基于这样的理解，本发明的技术方案本质上或者说对现有技术做出贡献的部分或者该技术方案的部分可以以软件产品的形式体现出来，该计算机软件产品存储在一个存储介质中，包括若干指令用以使得一台计算机设备(可以是个人计算机，服务器，或者网络设备等)执行本发明各个实施例所述方法的全部或部分步骤。而前述的存储介质包括：U盘、移动硬盘、只读存储器(ROM，Read-Only Memory)、随机存取存储器(RAM，Random Access Memory)、磁碟或者光盘等各种可以存储程序代码的介质。
以上所述，仅为本发明的具体实施方式，但本发明的保护范围并不局限 于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内，可轻易想到变化或替换，都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。因此，本发明的保护范围应以所述权利要求的保护范围为准。

Claims (17)

  1. 一种电池保护板，其特征在于，包括：
    保护电路，与移动终端中的电池的充放电回路相连，所述保护电路通过开关控制所述充放电回路的导通与关断；
    电池电量计，在所述电池通过所述充放电回路进行充放电的过程中，所述电池电量计检测所述充放电回路中的检流元件的阻抗产生的压降，并根据所述压降确定所述电池的电量，所述检流元件为串联在所述充放电回路中的导线，或者，所述检流元件为所述开关；
    其中，所述充放电回路的至少部分走线以开窗暴露出导电部分的方式设置在所述电池保护板的表层。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的电池保护板，其特征在于，所述电池保护板的表层上方设置有导电片，所述导电片与所述充放电回路的走线电连接，以增大所述走线的厚度。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的电池保护板，其特征在于，所述导电片沿垂直于所述电池保护板表层的方向，向所述电池保护板的外侧延伸。
  4. 如权利要求2或3所述的电池保护板，其特征在于，所述导电片焊接在所述电池保护板的表层。
  5. 如权利要求2-4中任一项所述的电池保护板，其特征在于，所述导电片为铜片。
  6. 如权利要求2-5中任一项所述的电池保护板，其特征在于，所述导电片的形状与所述充放电回路的走线的形状相同。
  7. 如权利要求1-6中任一项所述的电池保护板，其特征在于，所述保护电路和所述电池电量计集成在同一集成电路中。
  8. 如权利要求1-7中任一项所述的电池保护板，其特征在于，所述保护电路为所述电池保护板中的第一保护电路，所述电池保护板还包括：
    第二保护电路，所述第二保护电路与所述充放电回路相连，并通过熔丝对所述充放电回路进行过压和/或过流保护。
  9. 如权利要求1-8中任一项所述的电池保护板，其特征在于，所述电池保护板还包括：
    温度检测电路，用于检测所述电池的温度；
    所述电池电量计与所述温度检测电路相连，所述电池电量计具体用于：
    根据所述温度检测电路检测到的温度，以及温度与所述检流元件的阻抗的对应关系，确定所述检流元件在所述当前温度下的阻抗；
    根据所述检流元件在所述当前温度下的阻抗，以及所述当前温度下的阻抗产生的压降，确定流过所述检流元件的电流；
    根据流过所述检流元件的电流，确定所述电池的电量。
  10. 如权利要求9所述的电池保护板，其特征在于，所述电池电量计包括所述温度检测电路。
  11. 如权利要求1-10中任一项所述的电池保护板，其特征在于，所述保护电路包括背靠背设置的两个场效应管，所述开关为所述两个场效应管中的至少一个。
  12. 一种电池，其特征在于，包括：
    电芯；
    如权利要求1-11中任一项所述的电池保护板，所述电池保护板与所述电芯相连。
  13. 一种移动终端，其特征在于，包括：
    充电接口；
    如权利要求12所述的电池，所述电池与所述充电接口相连。
  14. 如权利要求13所述的移动终端，其特征在于，所述移动终端支持普通充电模式和快速充电模式，其中，所述快速充电模式的充电速度大于所述普通充电模式的充电速度。
  15. 如权利要求14所述的移动终端，其特征在于，所述快速充电模式的充电电流大于所述普通充电模式的充电电流。
  16. 如权利要求14所述的移动终端，其特征在于，所述快速充电模式的充电电压大于所述普通充电模式的充电电压。
  17. 如权利要求13-16中任一项所述的移动终端，其特征在于，在所述快速充电模式下，所述移动终端通过所述充电接口与适配器进行双向通信。
PCT/CN2016/083695 2016-05-27 2016-05-27 电池保护板、电池和移动终端 WO2017201738A1 (zh)

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