WO2017197873A1 - 一种带式输送机的故障诊断系统及方法 - Google Patents
一种带式输送机的故障诊断系统及方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2017197873A1 WO2017197873A1 PCT/CN2016/108842 CN2016108842W WO2017197873A1 WO 2017197873 A1 WO2017197873 A1 WO 2017197873A1 CN 2016108842 W CN2016108842 W CN 2016108842W WO 2017197873 A1 WO2017197873 A1 WO 2017197873A1
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- belt conveyor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
- B65G43/00—Control devices, e.g. for safety, warning or fault-correcting
- B65G43/02—Control devices, e.g. for safety, warning or fault-correcting detecting dangerous physical condition of load carriers, e.g. for interrupting the drive in the event of overheating
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
- B65G2203/00—Indexing code relating to control or detection of the articles or the load carriers during conveying
- B65G2203/02—Control or detection
- B65G2203/0266—Control or detection relating to the load carrier(s)
- B65G2203/0275—Damage on the load carrier
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- the invention relates to a conveyor fault diagnosis system and method, in particular to a belt conveyor fault diagnosis system and method.
- the belt conveyor is widely used in coal mine underground and metallurgy, coal, transportation, chemical and other departments due to its simple structure, large conveying capacity and strong adaptability.
- the belt conveyor is prone to faults such as deviation, belt breakage, slippage, and stacking. These failures cause huge economic losses and casualties.
- the belt conveyor system In order to ensure the safe and stable operation of the belt conveyor system, according to the regulations of the coal mine safety regulations, the belt conveyor system must be equipped with various protections such as anti-skid protection device, coal storage protection device, tension reduction protection device and tear protection device. Device.
- anti-skid protection device coal storage protection device
- tension reduction protection device tension reduction protection device
- tear protection device tear protection device.
- these protection measures cannot detect faults at an early stage, and most of them remain in the action protection after the failure, which is not only prone to malfunction, has certain potential risks, and has high maintenance costs at a later stage.
- the object of the present invention is to provide a fault diagnosis system and method for a belt conveyor, which solves the problem that the protection measures of the existing belt conveyor cannot find the treatment failure at an early stage.
- the fault diagnosis system comprises: a current sensor, a hydraulic pressure sensor, four rotational speed sensors, a PLC and a host computer; the sensors are installed at a key node position of the belt conveyor system; and the PLC is used as a lower position machine.
- the lower machine sends a signal to stop the processing.
- the current sensor is installed at a belt conveyor driving motor for measuring a real-time current value of the motor;
- the oil pressure sensor is installed at a tensioning cylinder of a belt conveyor tensioning device for measuring real-time oil pressure;
- Four speed sensors the first speed sensor is installed at the belt conveyor drive motor, connected to the motor shaft for measuring the motor output speed;
- the second speed sensor is installed at the driven roller of the belt conveyor, and the driven roller
- the spindle is connected to measure the rotational speed of the driven roller;
- the third rotational speed sensor is installed under the belt 10 meters away from the tail to measure the running speed of the belt;
- the fourth rotational speed sensor is installed under the belt 10 meters away from the nose. It is used to measure the belt running speed at this place.
- the troubleshooting method is as follows:
- the motor current signal and the belt tension signal are used as input quantities, and each speed sensor signal is used as an observation, and the nonlinear observation algorithm is used to observe the belt conveyor in real time;
- the threshold value of coal (M) is determined. If the rate of change of coal falling exceeds the threshold, it indicates that there is a coal fault, and the PLC sends a signal to stop the treatment;
- the targeted steps of establishing the observation model are:
- the change quality of the coal flow in and out is relatively small compared to the overall transport quality.
- the mass of the belt conveyor is divided into three parts, and the extraction unit is 1 mass m. 1 , the unit n mass m n , the overall quality of the intermediate unit is m k , and the quality of each unit in the middle of the subdivision can be obtained Write the state equation as the state quantity respectively;
- the unit elastic coefficient is observed as the state quantity.
- the sensor redundancy information and the speed sensor information are used, the critical state quantity is stripped for state observation and fault diagnosis, and the key state and parameters of the belt conveyor are monitored in real time, and the fault can be detected early.
- the problem of the present invention is achieved by solving the problem that the protection measures of the existing belt conveyor cannot find the handling failure at an early stage.
- FIG. 1 is a structural diagram of a belt conveyor condition monitoring and fault diagnosis system according to the present invention.
- the fault diagnosis system comprises: a current sensor, a hydraulic pressure sensor, four rotational speed sensors, a PLC and a host computer; the sensors are installed at a key node position of the belt conveyor system; the PLC acts as a lower position machine to receive the sensor signal and transmits the signal to the upper position.
- the upper computer calculates the status of the belt conveyor and diagnoses the fault in real time. When the upper computer judges that there is a fault, the lower machine sends a signal to stop the processing.
- the current sensor is installed at a belt conveyor driving motor for measuring a real-time current value of the motor;
- the oil pressure sensor is installed at a tensioning cylinder of a belt conveyor tensioning device for measuring real-time oil pressure;
- Four speed sensors the first speed sensor is installed at the belt conveyor drive motor, connected to the motor shaft for measuring the motor output speed;
- the second speed sensor is installed at the driven roller of the belt conveyor, and the driven roller
- the spindle is connected to measure the rotational speed of the driven roller;
- the third rotational speed sensor is installed under the belt 10 meters away from the tail to measure the running speed of the belt;
- the fourth rotational speed sensor is installed under the belt 10 meters away from the nose. It is used to measure the belt running speed at this place.
- the troubleshooting method is as follows:
- the motor current signal and the belt tension signal are used as input quantities, and each speed sensor signal is used as an observation, and the nonlinear observation algorithm is used to observe the belt conveyor in real time;
- the targeted steps of establishing the observation model are:
- the change quality of the coal flow in and out is relatively small compared to the overall transport quality.
- the mass of the belt conveyor is divided into three parts, and the extraction unit is 1 mass m. 1 , the unit n mass m n , the overall quality of the intermediate unit is m k , and the quality of each unit in the middle of the subdivision can be obtained Write the state equation as the state quantity respectively;
- the unit elastic coefficient is observed as the state quantity.
- Embodiment 1 A strategy for condition monitoring and fault diagnosis is given for a large belt conveyor system.
- FIG. 1 shows the structure diagram of the belt conveyor condition monitoring and fault diagnosis system.
- the detection system includes a current sensor, a hydraulic pressure sensor, four rotational speed sensors, a PLC and a host computer.
- the current sensor is installed at the belt conveyor drive motor for measuring the real-time current value of the motor;
- the oil pressure sensor is installed at the tensioning cylinder of the belt conveyor tensioning device for measuring the real-time oil pressure;
- the first speed sensor is installed in the belt
- the conveyor drive motor is connected to the motor shaft for measuring the output speed of the motor;
- the second speed sensor is installed at the driven roller of the belt conveyor, and is connected with the driven roller spindle for measuring the rotational speed of the driven roller;
- the three-speed sensor is installed under the belt 10 meters away from the tail of the machine (the value can be changed according to the actual working condition of 10 meters), which is used to measure the running speed of the belt.
- the fourth speed sensor is installed under the belt 10 meters away from the nose. , used to measure the running speed of the belt.
- the PLC receives the sensor signal and transmits the signal to the upper computer; the upper computer processes the signal in real time to realize the condition monitoring and fault diagnosis of the belt conveyor.
- the upper computer judges that the fault occurs, the lower machine sends a signal to stop the machine. deal with.
- Figure 2 shows the flow chart for condition monitoring and fault diagnosis of the belt conveyor.
- Step 1 Initialize the system model and thresholds.
- the breaking threshold of the rate of change of resistance is recommended to be ⁇ 10%, and the elastic threshold of the rate of change of the elastic coefficient is determined according to the actual situation of the conveyor belt.
- Step 2 Collect each sensor information in real time and perform state observation.
- each sensor information is transmitted to the PLC data acquisition module through the connection line, and the PLC communicates with the host computer in real time.
- the host computer can directly input the collected data into the programmed system observation model program and run it, thereby obtaining the observation of key states and parameters.
- Step 3 fault diagnosis and treatment of the belt conveyor.
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Abstract
一种带式输送机的故障诊断系统及方法,该系统包括电流传感器、油压传感器、四个转速传感器、PLC及上位机;电流传感器安装在带式输送机的驱动电机处;油压传感器安装在张紧装置液压缸处;第一转速传感器安装在带式输送机驱动电机处;第二转速传感器安装在带式输送机从动滚筒处;第三转速传感器安装在距机尾10米处皮带下方;第四转速传感器安装在距机头10米处皮带下方;PLC作为下位机接收传感器信号并将信号传输给上位机;上位机对信号进行实时处理从而实现带式输送机的状态监测及故障诊断。该方法利用传感器冗余信息,通过构造输送机的解析模型进行状态观测及故障诊断,能够在早期发现故障,实现设备的健康管理。
Description
本发明涉及一种输送机故障诊断系统及方法,特别是一种带式输送机的故障诊断系统及方法。
目前,带式输送机由于具有结构简单、输送量大、适应性强等特点被广泛应用于煤矿井下及冶金、煤炭、交通、化工等部门。同时,在运行过程中,带式输送机极易出现跑偏、断带、打滑、堆料等故障,这些故障造成了巨大的经济损失及人员伤亡。
为了保障带式输送系统的安全稳定运行,根据煤矿安全规程的规定,带式输送系统必须安装有防滑保护装置、堆煤保护装置、张紧力下降保护装置和防撕裂保护装置等多种保护装置。但是,这些保护措施不能在早期发现处理故障,仍大多停留在发生故障后的动作保护,不仅容易有误动作,具有一定的潜在风险,而且后期维护成本较高。
发明内容
本发明的目的是要提供一种带式输送机的故障诊断系统及方法,解决现有的带式输送机的保护措施不能在早期发现处理故障的问题。
本发明的目的是这样实现的:该故障诊断系统包括:电流传感器、油压传感器、四个转速传感器、PLC及上位机;所述各传感器安装在带式输送系统关键节点位置;PLC作为下位机接收传感器信号并将信号传输给上位机;上位机对信号进行实时处理从而实现带式输送机的状态监测及故障诊断,当上位机判断出现故障时,向下位机发出信号进行停机处理。
所述电流传感器安装在带式输送机驱动电机处,用于测量电机实时电流值;所述油压传感器安装在皮带输送机张紧装置张紧油缸处,用于测量实时油压;所述的四个转速传感器:第一转速传感器安装在带式输送机驱动电机处,与电机轴相连,用于测量电机输出转速;第二转速传感器安装在带式输送机从动滚筒处,与从动滚筒主轴相连,用于测量从动滚筒转速;第三转速传感器安装在距机尾10米处皮带下方,用于测量该处皮带运行速度;第四转速传感器安装在距机头10米处皮带下方,用于测量该处皮带运行速度。
故障诊断方法,具体步骤如下:
a)根据实际带式输送机的状态与监测需求,针对性的建立观测模型;
b)根据PLC传输的传感器信息,以电机电流信号及皮带张力信号作为输入量,以各转速传感器信号作为观测量,利用非线性观测算法对带式输送机进行实时的状态观测;
c)进行状态监测与故障诊断:
(1)针对堆煤故障,将观测到的上游带式输送机状态m1与下游带式输送机状态mk进行求差处理,求出落煤量变化率Ml=Δm/m1,设定堆煤阈值M(%),若落煤量变化率超过阈值,说明出现堆煤故障,PLC发出信号进行停机处理;
(2)针对断带故障,当单元阻力变化率超过设定断带阈值N(%),PLC发出信号进
行停机处理;
(3)针对皮带效能丧失或参数改变故障,当单元弹性系数变化率超过设定弹性阈值L(%),PLC发出信号进行停机处理。
所述的步骤a)中,针对性的建立观测模型步骤为:
(1)针对堆煤故障,由于煤流进出变化质量相对于整体运送质量变化较小,为了实现煤流进出质量的监测,将带式输送机上运质量分为三个部分,提取单元1质量m1,单元n质量mn,中间单元总体质量为mk,可得细分后中间每个单元质量分别作为状态量写入状态方程;
(2)针对断带故障,由于断带多由大块物料或铁器插入皮带导致,会引起单元异常阻力,因此提取关键单元阻力值作为状态量;
(3)针对皮带的效能丧失或者参数改变,将单元弹性系数作为状态量进行观测。
有益效果及优点:由于采用了上述方案,利用传感器冗余信息,以及转速传感器信息,剥离关键状态量进行状态观测与故障诊断,实时监测带式输送机的关键状态及参数,能够在早期发现故障,实现设备的健康管理,降低设备维护成本。解决了现有的带式输送机的保护措施不能在早期发现处理故障的问题,达到了本发明的目的。
图1为本发明的带式输送机状态监测与故障诊断系统结构图。
图2为本发明的带式输送机状态监测与故障诊断流程图。
该故障诊断系统包括:电流传感器、油压传感器、四个转速传感器、PLC及上位机;所述各传感器安装在带式输送系统关键节点位置;PLC作为下位机接收传感器信号并将信号传输给上位机;上位机对信号进行实时处理从而实现带式输送机的状态监测及故障诊断,当上位机判断出现故障时,向下位机发出信号进行停机处理。
所述电流传感器安装在带式输送机驱动电机处,用于测量电机实时电流值;所述油压传感器安装在皮带输送机张紧装置张紧油缸处,用于测量实时油压;所述的四个转速传感器:第一转速传感器安装在带式输送机驱动电机处,与电机轴相连,用于测量电机输出转速;第二转速传感器安装在带式输送机从动滚筒处,与从动滚筒主轴相连,用于测量从动滚筒转速;第三转速传感器安装在距机尾10米处皮带下方,用于测量该处皮带运行速度;第四转速传感器安装在距机头10米处皮带下方,用于测量该处皮带运行速度。
故障诊断方法,具体步骤如下:
a)根据实际带式输送机的状态与监测需求,针对性的建立观测模型;
b)根据PLC传输的传感器信息,以电机电流信号及皮带张力信号作为输入量,以各转速传感器信号作为观测量,利用非线性观测算法对带式输送机进行实时的状态观测;
c)进行状态监测与故障诊断:(1)针对堆煤故障,将观测到的上游带式输送机状态m1与下游带式输送机状态mk进行求差处理,求出落煤量变化率Ml=Δm/m1,设定堆煤阈值
M(%),若落煤量变化率超过阈值,说明出现堆煤故障,PLC发出信号进行停机处理;
(2)针对断带故障,当单元阻力变化率超过设定断带阈值N(%),PLC发出信号进行停机处理;
(3)针对皮带效能丧失或参数改变故障,当单元弹性系数变化率超过设定弹性阈值L(%),PLC发出信号进行停机处理。
所述的步骤a)中,针对性的建立观测模型步骤为:
(1)针对堆煤故障,由于煤流进出变化质量相对于整体运送质量变化较小,为了实现煤流进出质量的监测,将带式输送机上运质量分为三个部分,提取单元1质量m1,单元n质量mn,中间单元总体质量为mk,可得细分后中间每个单元质量分别作为状态量写入状态方程;
(2)针对断带故障,由于断带多由大块物料或铁器插入皮带导致,会引起单元异常阻力,因此提取关键单元阻力值作为状态量;
(3)针对皮带的效能丧失或者参数改变,将单元弹性系数作为状态量进行观测。
实施例1:针对大型带式输送系统,给出一种状态监测与故障诊断的策略。
图1所示为带式输送机状态监测与故障诊断系统结构图,该检测系统包括电流传感器、油压传感器、四个转速传感器、PLC及上位机。电流传感器安装在带式输送机驱动电机处,用于测量电机实时电流值;油压传感器安装在皮带输送机张紧装置张紧油缸处,用于测量实时油压;第一转速传感器安装在带式输送机驱动电机处,与电机轴相连,用于测量电机输出转速;第二转速传感器安装在带式输送机从动滚筒处,与从动滚筒主轴相连,用于测量从动滚筒转速;第三转速传感器安装在距机尾10米处皮带下方(根据实际工况10米数值可进行一定变动),用于测量该处皮带运行速度;第四转速传感器安装在距机头10米处皮带下方,用于测量该处皮带运行速度。PLC作为下位机接收传感器信号并将信号传输给上位机;上位机对信号进行实时处理从而实现带式输送机的状态监测及故障诊断,当上位机判断出现故障时,向下位机发出信号进行停机处理。
图2所示为带式输送机状态监测与故障诊断流程图。
步骤1,初始化系统模型及阈值。
在上位机中设置落煤变化率的堆煤阈值M(%)、阻力变化率的断带阈值N(%)、弹性系数变化率的弹性阈值L(%),落煤变化率的堆煤阈值及阻力变化率的断带阈值推荐使用±10%,弹性系数变化率的弹性阈值需根据输送带实际情况确定。
步骤2,实时采集各传感器信息并进行状态观测。
在现场应用过程中,随着带式输送机的启动,各传感器信息通过连接线传入PLC数据采集模块,PLC实时与上位机进行通讯。在opc通讯环境下,上位机能够将所采集到的数据直接输入编制好的系统观测模型程序并运行,从而得到关键状态及参数的观测量。
步骤3,带式输送机的故障诊断及处理。
当落煤量变化率超过设定堆煤阈值M(%),说明出现堆煤故障,PLC发出信号进行停机处理;当单元阻力变化率超过设定断带阈值N(%),说明出现断带或类似故障,PLC
发出信号进行停机处理;当单元弹性系数变化率超过设定弹性阈值L(%),说明皮带效能丧失或参数改变故障,PLC发出信号进行停机处理。
Claims (4)
- 一种带式输送机的故障诊断系统,其特征是:该故障诊断系统包括:电流传感器、油压传感器、四个转速传感器、PLC及上位机;所述各传感器安装在带式输送系统关键节点位置;PLC作为下位机接收传感器信号并将信号传输给上位机;上位机对信号进行实时处理从而实现带式输送机的状态监测及故障诊断,当上位机判断出现故障时,向下位机发出信号进行停机处理。
- 根据权利要求1所述的一种带式输送机的故障诊断系统,其特征是:所述电流传感器安装在带式输送机驱动电机处,用于测量电机实时电流值;所述油压传感器安装在皮带输送机张紧装置张紧油缸处,用于测量实时油压;所述的四个转速传感器:第一转速传感器安装在带式输送机驱动电机处,与电机轴相连,用于测量电机输出转速;第二转速传感器安装在带式输送机从动滚筒处,与从动滚筒主轴相连,用于测量从动滚筒转速;第三转速传感器安装在距机尾10米处皮带下方,用于测量该处皮带运行速度;第四转速传感器安装在距机头10米处皮带下方,用于测量该处皮带运行速度。
- 权利要求1所述的一种带式输送机的故障诊断系统的诊断方法,其特征是:故障诊断方法,具体步骤如下:a)根据实际带式输送机的状态与监测需求,针对性的建立观测模型;b)根据PLC传输的传感器信息,以电机电流信号及皮带张力信号作为输入量,以各转速传感器信号作为观测量,利用非线性观测算法对带式输送机进行实时的状态观测;c)进行状态监测与故障诊断:(1)针对堆煤故障,将观测到的上游带式输送机状态m1与下游带式输送机状态mk进行求差处理,求出落煤量变化率Ml=Δm/m1,设定堆煤阈值M(%),若落煤量变化率超过阈值,说明出现堆煤故障,PLC发出信号进行停机处理;(2)针对断带故障,当单元阻力变化率超过设定断带阈值N(%),PLC发出信号进行停机处理;(3)针对皮带效能丧失或参数改变故障,当单元弹性系数变化率超过设定弹性阈值L(%),PLC发出信号进行停机处理。
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