WO2017193849A1 - 一种光调顶信号的传输方法、装置及存储介质 - Google Patents

一种光调顶信号的传输方法、装置及存储介质 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017193849A1
WO2017193849A1 PCT/CN2017/082921 CN2017082921W WO2017193849A1 WO 2017193849 A1 WO2017193849 A1 WO 2017193849A1 CN 2017082921 W CN2017082921 W CN 2017082921W WO 2017193849 A1 WO2017193849 A1 WO 2017193849A1
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Prior art keywords
signal
optical
receiving end
transmitting
modulation coefficient
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PCT/CN2017/082921
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English (en)
French (fr)
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陈雷
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中兴通讯股份有限公司
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
    • H04B10/29—Repeaters
    • H04B10/291—Repeaters in which processing or amplification is carried out without conversion of the main signal from optical form
    • H04B10/293—Signal power control
    • H04B10/294—Signal power control in a multiwavelength system, e.g. gain equalisation
    • H04B10/2941—Signal power control in a multiwavelength system, e.g. gain equalisation using an equalising unit, e.g. a filter
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
    • H04B10/07—Arrangements for monitoring or testing transmission systems; Arrangements for fault measurement of transmission systems
    • H04B10/075—Arrangements for monitoring or testing transmission systems; Arrangements for fault measurement of transmission systems using an in-service signal
    • H04B10/079—Arrangements for monitoring or testing transmission systems; Arrangements for fault measurement of transmission systems using an in-service signal using measurements of the data signal
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
    • H04B10/07—Arrangements for monitoring or testing transmission systems; Arrangements for fault measurement of transmission systems
    • H04B10/075—Arrangements for monitoring or testing transmission systems; Arrangements for fault measurement of transmission systems using an in-service signal
    • H04B10/079—Arrangements for monitoring or testing transmission systems; Arrangements for fault measurement of transmission systems using an in-service signal using measurements of the data signal
    • H04B10/0795—Performance monitoring; Measurement of transmission parameters
    • H04B10/07953—Monitoring or measuring OSNR, BER or Q
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
    • H04B10/29—Repeaters
    • H04B10/291—Repeaters in which processing or amplification is carried out without conversion of the main signal from optical form
    • H04B10/293—Signal power control
    • H04B10/294—Signal power control in a multiwavelength system, e.g. gain equalisation

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to the field of optical communications, and in particular, to a method, an apparatus, and a storage medium for transmitting a light-adjusting signal.
  • AMCC auxiliary management and control Channel
  • the monitoring channel using a specific wavelength needs to add an additional third wavelength to specifically transmit monitoring information.
  • the advantage of this method is that since the signal is transmitted through the third wavelength, the main service signal and the monitoring signal do not interfere with each other.
  • the disadvantage of implementing this solution is that two sets of transmitting and receiving devices need to be respectively disposed at the transmitting end and the receiving end, which is costly.
  • the method of using the segment overhead is very simple, and only needs to add a small portion of the segment in the transmitted service signal segment, which is used to insert the monitoring management signal.
  • the advantage of this method is that no device needs to be changed, only the software is needed.
  • the protocol layer is added to the management signal and can be transmitted normally.
  • this method has the disadvantage that it affects the normal transmission of the service signal due to the occupation of the service segment, and the larger the occupied overhead, the greater the impact on the service signal.
  • the topping technique is based on digital modulation technology, which modulates the management control signal that needs to be transmitted into a suitable carrier (for example, 1 MHz) by waveform transformation.
  • the modulation depth value is usually set between 2% and 10%, so the topping signal is sometimes called a low-frequency dither signal.
  • the modulated signal is transmitted together with the traffic signal through a common transmitting device to the receiving end.
  • the modulated signal can be obtained at the receiving end through a low-pass filter and a demodulator, and the traffic signal can be obtained by a high-pass filter and then parsing.
  • Topping technology saves light transmission
  • the channel does not need to occupy the service segment or add additional specific wavelengths. Service information and monitoring information can be carried simultaneously on the same optical wavelength.
  • the topping signal is weak noise relative to the service signal, so the addition of the topping information inevitably leads to a decrease in the sensitivity of the received service signal and an increase in the bit error rate;
  • the transmission rate of the tempered signal is proportional to the square of the modulation coefficient, so under the condition that other parameters remain unchanged, the higher the modulation coefficient, the faster the transmission rate of the gradation signal;
  • the coefficient increases the noise of the service signal indirectly, and the error rate of the service signal increases accordingly. Therefore, the modulation factor is a key parameter.
  • the AMCC signal and the service signal are independent of each other, can not occupy the service segment, and the transmission AMCC signal and the service signal can share the transmitting and receiving device.
  • the topping technique is one of the most suitable techniques for transmitting AMCC signals in an NGPON2 system.
  • the implementation of AMCC can also use baseband overmodulation technology, which is different from the carrier modulation technology. The baseband overmodulation technology directly loads the AMCC digital signal on the service digital signal through a simple amplitude modulation technique.
  • a high speed transmission system particularly in a WDM system having a transmission rate of 10 Gbps/s or more, for example, an NG-PON2 system.
  • the modulation factor degrades the nonlinear effects of the transmission system, resulting in an increase in the optical signal-to-noise ratio OSNR value at which the minimum point of dispersion is obtained.
  • MI modulation factor
  • the MI value needs to be dynamically adjusted to ensure that the AMCC and the service signal have the least influence on each other. Moreover, the two signals can be accurately recovered at the receiving end. How to dynamically adjust the MI value becomes an urgent problem to be solved in the signal transmission of the PON system.
  • the present disclosure provides a method, a device and a storage medium for transmitting a light-adjusting signal, which solves the problem that the debugging coefficient of the optical top signal transmission of the PON system cannot be dynamically adjusted in the related art.
  • a method for transmitting a light-tilting signal which is applied to a transmitting end, and includes:
  • the receiving end Receiving, by the receiving end, a channel quality parameter that is fed back after processing the test signal, where the channel quality parameter is a quality parameter of a transmission link from the transmitting end to the receiving end;
  • the optical topping signal modulated by the adjusted modulation factor is sent to the receiving end.
  • a method for transmitting a light-tilting signal is further provided, which is applied to a receiving end, and includes:
  • a transmission apparatus for an optical topping signal which is applied to a transmitting end, and includes:
  • a first sending module configured to send a test signal of the optical topping signal to be transmitted to the receiving end
  • a first receiving module configured to receive a channel quality parameter that is received by the receiving end after processing the test signal, where the channel quality parameter is a quality parameter of a transmission link from the transmitting end to the receiving end;
  • the first processing module is configured to adjust a modulation coefficient of the optical top signal according to a channel quality parameter fed back by the receiving end;
  • the second transmitting module is configured to send the optical topping signal modulated by the adjusted modulation coefficient to the receiving end.
  • a transmission apparatus for an optical topping signal which is applied to a receiving end, and includes:
  • a second receiving module configured to receive a test signal of the optical topping signal to be transmitted sent by the transmitting end
  • the second processing module is configured to calculate a channel quality parameter of the transmission link from the transmitting end to the receiving end according to the test signal, and feed back to the transmitting end, so that the transmitting end adjusts the modulation coefficient of the optical topping signal according to the channel quality parameter;
  • the third receiving module is configured to receive the optical topping signal that is sent by the receiving end after being modulated by the adjusted modulation coefficient.
  • a storage medium comprising a stored program that performs a transmission method of the above-described optical topping signal while the program is running.
  • the method and device for transmitting optical topping signals of the present disclosure have a channel quality detection feedback mechanism, and the transmitting end adjusts a modulation coefficient of the optical topping signal to be transmitted through a channel quality parameter fed back by the receiving end to select an optimal modulation coefficient.
  • the sensitivity of the optical topping signal is improved.
  • FIG. 1 is a flow chart showing a method for transmitting an optical topping signal in Embodiment 1 of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a transmission apparatus for an optical topping signal according to Embodiment 4 of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 3 is a flow chart showing a method for transmitting an optical topping signal in Embodiment 5 of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a transmission apparatus for an optical topping signal according to Embodiment 8 of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing the composition of an auxiliary management and control signal transmission apparatus in a PON system according to Embodiment 9 of the present disclosure
  • Embodiment 9 is a schematic flow chart showing a error monitoring feedback mechanism in Embodiment 9 of the present disclosure.
  • Embodiment 7 is a second schematic flowchart of a error monitoring feedback mechanism in Embodiment 9 of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram showing the composition of an auxiliary management and control channel transmission apparatus with an OSNR monitoring feedback mechanism in a PON system according to Embodiment 10 of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic flow chart showing the feedback mechanism of the optical signal to noise ratio monitoring in the tenth embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 10 is a second schematic diagram showing the flow of the optical signal to noise ratio monitoring feedback mechanism in the tenth embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the key is to deal with the influence of the modulation depth (MI) on the system error.
  • MI modulation depth
  • the MI is too small, it will affect the accurate detection of the dome signal; when the MI is too large, the error rate of the system service signal will increase. Determining the proper modulation depth is the key to ensuring accurate detection of the grading signal, reducing the bit error rate and limiting the transmission rate.
  • an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a method for transmitting an optical tiling signal, which is applied to a transmitting end, and includes the following steps:
  • Step S101 Send a test signal of the optical topping signal to be transmitted to the receiving end.
  • the optical topping signal is a mixed signal formed by transforming different types of signals into a suitable carrier by transforming different types of signals based on a digital modulation technique.
  • the test signal can be modulated with the traffic signal in the optical top signal and sent by the transmitting end to the receiving end. It is worth noting that the test signal can be an uplink test signal or a downlink test signal. Take the OLT device (Optical Line Terminal) and the ONU device (Optical Network Unit) in the PON system as an example.
  • the transmission link of the OLT device to the ONU device is the downlink, and the ONU device is
  • the transmission link of the OLT device is an uplink, that is, the test signal sent by the OLT device to the ONU device is a downlink test signal, and the test signal sent by the ONU device to the OLT device is an uplink test signal.
  • Step S102 Receive a channel quality parameter that is fed back by the receiving end after processing the test signal.
  • the channel quality parameter is a quality parameter of a transmission link from the sender to the receiver.
  • the channel quality parameter fed back by the ONU device received by the OLT device is the downlink quality parameter obtained by the ONU device after processing the downlink test signal; and the channel quality parameter fed back by the OLT device received by the ONU device
  • the uplink quality parameter obtained after the OLT device processes the uplink test signal.
  • Step S103 Adjust the modulation coefficient of the optical top signal according to the channel quality parameter fed back by the receiving end.
  • the transmitting end adjusts a modulation coefficient between each signal in the optical topping signal according to the channel quality parameter fed back by the receiving end, in particular, a modulation coefficient between the control signal and the service signal, and the modulation coefficient is each The modulation depth of the signal.
  • the OLT device adjusts the modulation coefficient of the downlink optical topping signal according to the downlink channel quality parameter fed back by the ONU device; the ONU device adjusts according to the uplink channel quality parameter fed back by the OLT device.
  • the modulation factor of the downstream optical topping signal is a modulation coefficient between each signal in the optical topping signal according to the channel quality parameter fed back by the receiving end, in particular, a modulation coefficient between the control signal and the service signal, and the modulation coefficient is each The modulation depth of the signal.
  • Step S104 Send the optical topping signal modulated by the adjusted modulation coefficient to the receiving end.
  • the adjusted modulation coefficient can ensure the reliability of each signal in the modulated optical topping signal and improve the sensitivity of the optical topping signal according to the channel quality parameter fed back by the feedback mechanism of the receiving end.
  • the method for transmitting the optical top signal is further described in conjunction with the application scenario.
  • test signal may be a pseudo random sequence
  • step S101 includes:
  • the pseudo random sequence is modulated according to the current reference modulation coefficient of the optical topping signal to be transmitted; and the modulated pseudo random sequence is sent to the receiving end.
  • the pseudo-random sequence can be sent together with the service signal, that is, the pseudo-random sequence is modulated by the modulated carrier, modulated with the service signal according to the current reference modulation coefficient, and sent by the transmitting end to the receiving end.
  • the carrier frequency of the modulated carrier is greater than N times the transmission rate of the pseudo-random sequence, and N is a positive integer to avoid mutual influence between the optical topping signal and the carrier frequency.
  • the transmission rate of the pseudo-random sequence is The secondary management and control channel AMCC signals have the same transmission rate.
  • the OLT device and the ONU device are used as an example.
  • the OLT device modulates the modulated downlink pseudo-random sequence with the service signal and sends the signal to the ONU device to implement the downlink test signal transmission.
  • the ONU device performs the modulated uplink.
  • the pseudo-random sequence is modulated together with the service signal and sent to the OLT device to implement transmission of the uplink test signal.
  • step S102 includes: receiving, by the receiving end, a bit error rate calculated and fed back according to the pseudo random sequence and the local code generated by the receiving end.
  • the error rate of the channel is used as a channel quality parameter, and the error rate is a bit error rate of the transmission link from the sender to the receiver.
  • the downlink transmission is performed, and the ONU device compares and processes the pseudo random sequence sent by the OLT device and the local code generated by the ONU device to obtain an OLT device.
  • the error rate ie, the downlink error rate
  • the ONU device feeds back the downlink error rate to the OLT device side.
  • the local code is a pseudo-random code synchronized with the received pseudo-random sequence, and is a pseudo-random code that is locally generated according to the received and demodulated pseudo-random sequence and synchronized with the pseudo-random sequence.
  • the OLT device compares the pseudo random sequence sent by the ONU device with the local code generated by the OLT device, and obtains the ONU device to the OLT device for transmission.
  • the error rate of the link that is, the uplink error rate
  • the OLT device feeds back the uplink error rate to the ONU device side.
  • the modulation coefficient of the optical topping signal to be transmitted is adjusted according to the channel quality parameter.
  • the step 103 is implemented by using the following steps: when the error rate fed back by the receiving end is lower than the first threshold, increasing the modulation coefficient of the optical topping signal; when the error rate fed back by the receiving end is higher than the second threshold And reducing a modulation coefficient of the optical topping signal; when the error rate fed back by the receiving end is between the first threshold and the second threshold, determining that the current modulation coefficient is a modulation coefficient of the optical topping signal.
  • a bit error rate (BER) interval can be preset to ensure normal transmission and reception of the optical top signal, wherein when the power value of the AMCC signal is just such that the service signal receiving sensitivity drops to an acceptable maximum value
  • the BER value of the AMCC at this time is the minimum value of the error rate interval; when the power value of the AMCC signal is just the minimum sensitivity that can be detected and recovered by the receiving end, the BER value of the AMCC signal is the maximum of the error rate interval. value.
  • the first threshold refers to the minimum value in the error rate interval
  • the second threshold refers to the maximum value in the error rate interval.
  • the first threshold refers to a threshold that the AMCC signal received by the receiving end cannot be separated from the noise, that is, the modulation depth of the AMCC signal is too low, and the threshold for the AMCC signal cannot be normally extracted by the receiving end.
  • the second threshold is that the AMCC signal received by the receiving end is too large, and the error rate of the service signal reaches the upper limit value of the modulation coefficient threshold, that is, the modulation depth of the AMCC is too high, so that the receiving end cannot normally extract the service.
  • the threshold of the signal refers to a threshold that the AMCC signal received by the receiving end cannot be separated from the noise, that is, the modulation depth of the AMCC signal is too low, and the threshold for the AMCC signal cannot be normally extracted by the receiving end.
  • the second threshold is that the AMCC signal received by the receiving end is too large, and the error rate of the service signal reaches the upper limit value of the modulation coefficient threshold, that is, the modulation depth of the AMCC is too high, so that the receiving end cannot normally extract the
  • the modulation factor of the optical topping signal is lowered.
  • the second threshold is used to ensure that the receiving end can extract the service signal satisfying the error rate requirement from the optical topping signal.
  • the current modulation coefficient is a modulation coefficient of the optical topping signal.
  • the error rate fed back by the receiving end is between the first threshold and the second threshold, it indicates that the current modulation coefficient can ensure that the receiving end can simultaneously extract the AMCC signal and the service signal that meet the error rate requirement.
  • the transmitting end of the embodiment sends a pseudo-random code to the receiving end, so that the receiving end obtains a transmission chain between the transmitting end and the receiving end according to the comparison processing between the pseudo random code and the local code generated by the receiving end.
  • the error rate of the road is fed back to the sender.
  • the transmitting end further adjusts the modulation coefficient of the optical topping signal to be transmitted according to the error rate, so as to improve the reliability and sensitivity of each signal in the optical topping signal, and reduce the corresponding error rate.
  • the test signal may be an auxiliary management and control channel AMCC signal, and a current reference modulation coefficient of the optical top signal to be transmitted, and step S101 includes:
  • the AMCC signal and the current reference modulation coefficient are sent together with the service signal.
  • the AMCC is modulated with the service signal according to the current reference modulation coefficient, and sent by the transmitting end to the receiving end.
  • the carrier frequency of the modulated carrier is greater than N times the transmission rate of the pseudo-random sequence, and N is a positive integer to avoid interaction between the optical topping signal and the carrier frequency.
  • the OLT device and the ONU device are taken as an example, and the OLT device modulates the modulated AMCC signal, the reference modulation coefficient, and the service signal to the ONU device to implement the downlink.
  • the test signal is sent; the ONU device modulates the modulated AMCC signal, the reference modulation coefficient, and the service signal to the OLT device to implement the transmission of the uplink test signal.
  • step S102 includes: receiving, by the receiving end, the optical signal to noise ratio of the received AMCC signal and the reference modulation coefficient calculation process.
  • the optical signal to noise ratio of the channel is used as a channel quality parameter
  • the optical signal to noise ratio is an optical signal to noise ratio of the transmission link from the transmitting end to the receiving end.
  • the OLT device is the transmitting end and the ONU device is the receiving end
  • the downlink transmission is performed, and the ONU device calculates the AMCC signal and the service signal sent by the OLT device to obtain the tested modulation coefficient, according to the OLT device.
  • the transmitted modulation factor and the modulation coefficient calculated by the ONU device itself calculate the optical signal-to-noise ratio (ie, the downlink optical signal-to-noise ratio) of the transmission link of the OLT device to the ONU device, and the ONU device feeds back the downlink optical signal-to-noise ratio.
  • the OLT device calculates the AMCC signal and the service signal sent by the ONU device to obtain the tested modulation coefficient, according to the modulation sent by the ONU device.
  • the coefficient and the modulation coefficient calculated by the OLT device are calculated, and the optical signal-to-noise ratio (ie, the uplink optical signal-to-noise ratio) of the transmission link of the ONU device to the OLT device is calculated, and the OLT device feeds back the uplink optical signal-to-noise ratio to the ONU device side. .
  • step 103 can be implemented by referring to the following steps: when the optical signal to noise ratio fed back by the receiving end is lower than the third threshold, the modulation coefficient of the optical topping signal is improved; when the optical signal to noise ratio fed back by the receiving end is higher than the fourth At the threshold value, the modulation coefficient of the optical topping signal is reduced; when the optical signal-to-noise ratio fed back by the receiving end is between the third threshold and the fourth threshold, the current modulation coefficient is determined to be the modulation coefficient of the optical topping signal.
  • the optical signal-to-noise ratio (OSNR) interval that can ensure the normal transmission and reception of the optical topping signal can be preset, wherein the power value of the AMCC signal is just enough to reduce the service signal receiving sensitivity to an acceptable maximum.
  • the OSNR value of the AMCC at this time is the minimum value of the optical signal to noise ratio interval; when the power value of the AMCC signal is just the minimum sensitivity that can be detected and recovered by the receiving end, the OSNR value of the AMCC signal is the optical signal noise.
  • the maximum value of the interval refers to the minimum value in the optical signal to noise ratio interval, and the fourth threshold refers to the maximum value in the optical signal to noise ratio interval.
  • the third threshold refers to a threshold that the AMCC signal received by the receiving end cannot be separated from the noise, that is, the modulation depth of the AMCC signal is too low, and the receiving end cannot be positive.
  • the threshold of the AMCC signal is often extracted.
  • the fourth threshold is that the AMCC signal received by the receiving end is too large, and the error rate of the service signal reaches the upper limit value of the modulation coefficient threshold, that is, the modulation depth of the AMCC is too high, so that the receiving end cannot normally extract the service.
  • the threshold of the signal is that the AMCC signal received by the receiving end cannot be separated from the noise, that is, the modulation depth of the AMCC signal is too low, and the receiving end cannot be positive.
  • the threshold of the AMCC signal is often extracted.
  • the fourth threshold is that the AMCC signal received by the receiving end is too large, and the error rate of the service signal reaches the upper limit value of the modulation coefficient threshold, that is, the modulation depth of the AMCC is too high, so that the receiving end cannot
  • the optical signal-to-noise ratio fed back by the receiving end is lower than the third threshold, it indicates that the receiving end cannot normally receive the test signal, thereby inferring that the modulation depth of the AMCC signal is too low, and the optical topping signal needs to be improved.
  • AMCC signal modulation factor (such as increasing the modulation factor by 1%), that is, the modulation depth of the AMCC signal, and then re-sending the test signal until the optical signal-to-noise ratio of the feedback received from the receiving end is higher than the first threshold to ensure reception.
  • the terminal can normally extract the AMCC signal from the optical topping signal.
  • the modulation coefficient of the optical topping signal is lowered.
  • the identification receiving end cannot extract the service signal normally, or the optical signal-to-noise ratio of the extracted service signal reaches the upper limit value, and the optical tone needs to be lowered.
  • the modulation factor of the AMCC signal in the top signal (such as reducing the modulation factor by 1%), that is, the modulation depth of the AMCC signal, and then re-sending the test signal until the optical signal-to-noise ratio of the feedback received by the receiving end is lower than the fourth threshold.
  • the current modulation coefficient is a modulation coefficient of the optical topping signal.
  • the optical signal-to-noise ratio fed back by the receiving end is between the third threshold and the fourth threshold, it indicates that the current modulation coefficient can ensure that the receiving end can simultaneously extract the AMCC signal and the service signal satisfying the optical signal-to-noise ratio requirement.
  • the transmitting end of the embodiment sends the AMCC signal, the current reference modulation coefficient, and the service signal to the receiving end, so that the receiving end calculates the tested modulation coefficient according to the received AMCC signal and the service signal, and then receives the tested modulation coefficient according to the received
  • the reference modulation factor and the calculated test modulation coefficient calculate the optical signal-to-noise ratio of the transmission link between the transmitting end and the receiving end and feed back to the transmitting end.
  • the transmitting end further adjusts the modulation coefficient of the optical topping signal to be transmitted according to the optical signal to noise ratio, so as to improve the reliability and sensitivity of each signal in the optical topping signal, and reduce the corresponding optical signal to noise ratio.
  • Embodiment 1 to Embodiment 3 respectively introduce the transmission method of the optical top signal of the present disclosure from different application scenarios.
  • the following embodiments further describe the corresponding device in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
  • a transmission device corresponding to the transmission method of the optical topping signal in the foregoing embodiment is further provided.
  • the first sending module 21 is configured to send a test signal of the optical topping signal to be transmitted to the receiving end;
  • the first receiving module 22 is configured to receive a channel quality parameter that is received by the receiving end after processing the test signal, where the channel quality parameter is a quality parameter of the transmission link from the transmitting end to the receiving end;
  • the first processing module 23 is configured to adjust a modulation coefficient of the optical top signal according to the channel quality parameter fed back by the receiving end;
  • the second sending module 24 is configured to send the optical topping signal modulated by the adjusted modulation coefficient to the receiving end.
  • the first sending module 21 includes:
  • the first modulation unit is configured to perform modulation processing on the pseudo random sequence according to the current reference modulation coefficient of the optical topping signal to be transmitted; wherein the test signal includes a pseudo random sequence;
  • the first transmitting unit is configured to send the pseudo random sequence after the modulation processing to the receiving end.
  • the first receiving module 22 includes:
  • a first receiving unit configured to receive, by the receiving end, a bit error rate calculated and fed back according to the pseudo random sequence and a local code generated by the receiving end, where the bit error rate is a transmission from the transmitting end to the receiving end The bit error rate of the link.
  • the first processing module 23 includes:
  • a first processing unit configured to increase a modulation factor of the optical topping signal when a bit error rate fed back by the receiving end is lower than a first threshold
  • a second processing unit configured to reduce a modulation coefficient of the optical topping signal when a bit error rate fed back by the receiving end is higher than a second threshold
  • the third processing unit is configured to determine that the current modulation coefficient is a modulation coefficient of the optical top signal when the error rate fed back by the receiving end is between the first threshold and the second threshold.
  • the first sending module 21 further includes:
  • the test signal includes: an auxiliary management and control channel AMCC signal
  • a second transmitting unit configured to set the modulated AMCC signal and the reference modulation system The number is sent to the receiving end.
  • the first receiving module 22 further includes:
  • a second receiving unit configured to receive, by the receiving end, an optical signal to noise ratio that is fed back to the received AMCC signal and the reference modulation coefficient, where the optical signal to noise ratio is a transmission link from the transmitting end to the receiving end.
  • Optical signal to noise ratio is a transmission link from the transmitting end to the receiving end.
  • the first processing module 23 further includes:
  • a fourth processing unit configured to increase a modulation coefficient of the optical topping signal when an optical signal to noise ratio fed back by the receiving end is lower than a third threshold
  • a fifth processing unit configured to reduce a modulation coefficient of the optical topping signal when an optical signal to noise ratio fed back by the receiving end is higher than a fourth threshold
  • a sixth processing unit configured to determine that a current modulation coefficient is a modulation coefficient of the optical topping signal when an optical signal to noise ratio fed back by the receiving end is between the third threshold and the fourth threshold.
  • the transmission device is a device corresponding to the foregoing transmission method, and all implementations in the foregoing method embodiments are applicable to the embodiment of the device, and the same technical effects can be achieved.
  • the first embodiment to the fourth embodiment respectively describe the transmission method and device of the optical topping signal based on the transmitting end of the present disclosure.
  • the following embodiment will further introduce the corresponding method for transmitting the optical topping signal of the receiving end according to the accompanying drawings.
  • the method for transmitting an optical top signal includes:
  • Step S301 Receive a test signal of the optical topping signal to be transmitted sent by the transmitting end.
  • the optical topping signal is a mixed signal formed by transforming different types of signals into a suitable carrier by transforming different types of signals based on a digital modulation technique.
  • the transmitting end sends a test signal synchronized with the clock of the optical topping signal to be transmitted to the receiving end, and the test signal can be modulated together with the service signal in the optical topping signal, and sent by the transmitting end to the receiving end.
  • the test signal can be an uplink test signal or a downlink test signal. Take the OLT device (Optical Line Terminal) and the ONU device (Optical Network Unit) in the PON system as an example.
  • the transmission link of the OLT device to the ONU device is the downlink, and the ONU device is
  • the transmission link of the OLT device is an uplink, that is, the test signal sent by the OLT device to the ONU device is a downlink test signal, and the test signal sent by the ONU device to the OLT device is an uplink test signal.
  • Step S302 Calculate the channel quality parameter of the transmission link from the transmitting end to the receiving end according to the test signal, and feed back to the transmitting end, so that the transmitting end adjusts the modulation coefficient of the optical topping signal according to the channel quality parameter.
  • the channel quality parameter is a quality parameter of a transmission link from the sender to the receiver.
  • the channel quality parameter fed back by the ONU device received by the OLT device is the downlink quality parameter obtained by the ONU device after processing the downlink test signal; and the channel quality parameter fed back by the OLT device received by the ONU device
  • the uplink quality parameter obtained after the OLT device processes the uplink test signal.
  • the transmitting end adjusts a modulation coefficient between each signal in the optical topping signal according to the channel quality parameter fed back by the receiving end, in particular, a modulation coefficient between the control signal and the service signal, and the modulation coefficient is a modulation depth of each signal.
  • the OLT device adjusts the modulation coefficient of the downlink optical topping signal according to the downlink channel quality parameter fed back by the ONU device; the ONU device adjusts according to the uplink channel quality parameter fed back by the OLT device.
  • the modulation factor of the upstream optical topping signal is the modulation factor of the upstream optical topping signal.
  • Step S303 Receive an optical topping signal that is sent by the receiving end after being modulated by the adjusted modulation coefficient.
  • the adjusted modulation coefficient can ensure the reliability of each signal in the modulated optical topping signal and improve the sensitivity of the optical topping signal according to the channel quality parameter fed back by the feedback mechanism of the receiving end.
  • the step S301 includes: receiving a pseudo-random sequence code sent by the transmitting end, where the pseudo-random sequence code is sent by the transmitting end according to the current reference modulation coefficient modulation process of the optical topping signal to be transmitted.
  • the pseudo-random sequence can be sent together with the service signal, that is, the pseudo-random sequence is modulated by the modulated carrier, modulated with the service signal according to the current reference modulation coefficient, and sent by the transmitting end to the receiving end.
  • the carrier frequency of the modulated carrier is greater than N times the transmission rate of the pseudo-random sequence, and N is a positive integer to avoid mutual influence between the optical topping signal and the carrier frequency.
  • the transmission rate of the pseudo-random sequence is The secondary management and control channel AMCC signals have the same transmission rate.
  • the OLT device and the ONU device are taken as an example, and the OLT device performs the modulated downlink pseudo-random sequence and service.
  • the signal is modulated and sent together to the ONU device, and the ONU receives the random sequence of the behavior to receive the downlink test signal.
  • the ONU device modulates the modulated uplink pseudo-random sequence with the service signal and sends the signal to the OLT device.
  • the ONU receives the signal.
  • the random sequence of behaviors is implemented to achieve reception of the uplink test signal.
  • the step 302 includes: calculating, according to the pseudo random sequence code and the local code generated by the receiving end, the error rate of the transmission link from the sender to the receiver; and feeding back the error rate to the sender.
  • the error rate of the channel is used as a channel quality parameter, and the error rate is a bit error rate of the transmission link from the sender to the receiver.
  • the local code is a pseudo-random code that is synchronized with the pseudo-random sequence.
  • the OLT device is the transmitting end and the ONU device is the receiving end, the downlink transmission is performed, and the ONU device compares and processes the pseudo random sequence sent by the OLT device and the local code generated by the ONU device to obtain an OLT device.
  • the error rate (ie, the downlink error rate) of the transmission link to the ONU device, and the ONU device feeds back the downlink error rate to the OLT device side.
  • the uplink transmission is performed.
  • the OLT device compares the pseudo random sequence sent by the ONU device with the local code generated by the OLT device, and obtains the ONU device to the OLT device for transmission.
  • the error rate of the link that is, the uplink error rate
  • the OLT device feeds back the uplink error rate to the ONU device side.
  • the receiving end feeds back the error rate obtained by the calculation processing to the transmitting end, so that the transmitting end adjusts the modulation coefficient of the optical topping signal to be transmitted according to the error rate, so as to improve the reliability and sensitivity of each signal in the optical topping signal. And reduce the corresponding bit error rate.
  • the test signal may be an auxiliary management and control channel AMCC signal, and a current reference modulation coefficient of the optical top signal to be transmitted, and the step S301 includes: receiving the auxiliary management and control channel AMCC signal sent by the transmitting end, and the to-be-transmitted optical tone.
  • the current reference modulation factor of the top signal may be an auxiliary management and control channel AMCC signal, and a current reference modulation coefficient of the optical top signal to be transmitted.
  • the AMCC signal is sent after being modulated by the reference modulation coefficient, where the AMCC signal and the current reference modulation coefficient are sent together with the service signal, that is, after the AMCC is modulated by the carrier, according to the current reference modulation factor. It is modulated with the service signal and sent by the sender to the receiver.
  • the carrier frequency of the modulated carrier is greater than N times the transmission rate of the pseudo-random sequence Rate, N is a positive integer to avoid the interaction between the optical top signal and the carrier frequency.
  • the OLT device and the ONU device are used as an example, and the OLT device modulates the modulated AMCC signal, the reference modulation coefficient, and the service signal to be sent to the ONU device to implement downlink test signal transmission; after the ONU device modulates The AMCC signal and the reference modulation coefficient are modulated together with the service signal and sent to the OLT device to implement transmission of the uplink test signal.
  • Step S302 includes: calculating, according to the received AMCC signal, a test modulation coefficient after transmission from the transmitting end to the receiving end; and calculating an optical signal of the transmission link from the transmitting end to the receiving end according to the test modulation coefficient and the reference modulation coefficient. Noise ratio; and the optical signal to noise ratio is fed back to the transmitting end.
  • the optical signal to noise ratio of the channel is used as a channel quality parameter
  • the optical signal to noise ratio is an optical signal to noise ratio of the transmission link from the transmitting end to the receiving end.
  • the OLT device is the transmitting end and the ONU device is the receiving end
  • the downlink transmission is performed, and the ONU device calculates the AMCC signal and the service signal sent by the OLT device to obtain the tested modulation coefficient, according to the OLT device.
  • the transmitted modulation factor and the modulation coefficient calculated by the ONU device itself calculate the optical signal-to-noise ratio (ie, the downlink optical signal-to-noise ratio) of the transmission link of the OLT device to the ONU device, and the ONU device feeds back the downlink optical signal-to-noise ratio.
  • the OLT device calculates the AMCC signal and the service signal sent by the ONU device to obtain the tested modulation coefficient, according to the modulation sent by the ONU device.
  • the coefficient and the modulation coefficient calculated by the OLT device are calculated, and the optical signal-to-noise ratio (ie, the uplink optical signal-to-noise ratio) of the transmission link of the ONU device to the OLT device is calculated, and the OLT device feeds back the uplink optical signal-to-noise ratio to the ONU device side. .
  • the step of calculating the optical signal to noise ratio of the transmission link from the transmitting end to the receiving end according to the test modulation coefficient and the reference modulation coefficient is calculated by referring to the following formula:
  • OSNR t represents the optical signal to noise ratio of the transmission link from the transmitting end to the receiving end
  • m 1 represents the reference modulation coefficient
  • m 2 represents the test modulation coefficient
  • the receiving end feeds back the calculated optical signal to noise ratio of the processing to the transmitting end, so that the transmitting end adjusts the modulation coefficient of the optical topping signal to be transmitted according to the optical signal to noise ratio, so as to improve the reliability of each signal in the optical topping signal. And sensitivity, and reduce the corresponding optical signal to noise ratio.
  • Embodiment 5 to Embodiment 7 respectively introduce the transmission method of the optical top signal of the present disclosure from different application scenarios.
  • the following embodiments further describe the corresponding device in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
  • an embodiment of the present disclosure further provides a transmission apparatus for an optical topping signal, which is applied to a receiving end, and includes:
  • the second receiving module 41 is configured to receive a test signal of the optical topping signal to be transmitted sent by the transmitting end;
  • the second processing module 42 is configured to calculate a channel quality parameter of the transmission link from the transmitting end to the receiving end according to the test signal, and feed back to the transmitting end, so that the transmitting end adjusts the modulation coefficient of the optical topping signal according to the channel quality parameter;
  • the third receiving module 43 is configured to receive the optical topping signal that is sent by the receiving end after being modulated by the adjusted modulation coefficient.
  • the second receiving module 41 includes:
  • the third receiving unit is configured to receive the pseudo random sequence code sent by the transmitting end, where the pseudo random sequence code is sent by the transmitting end according to the current reference modulation coefficient modulation process of the optical topping signal to be transmitted.
  • the second processing module 42 includes:
  • the first calculating unit is configured to calculate, according to the pseudo random sequence code and the local code generated by the receiving end, the error rate of the transmission link from the transmitting end to the receiving end;
  • the first feedback unit is configured to feed back the bit error rate to the transmitting end.
  • the second receiving module 41 further includes:
  • the fourth receiving unit is configured to receive the auxiliary management and control channel AMCC signal sent by the transmitting end, and the current reference modulation coefficient of the optical topping signal to be transmitted; wherein the AMCC signal is sent after the reference modulation coefficient modulation processing.
  • the second processing module 42 further includes:
  • a second calculating unit configured to calculate, according to the received AMCC signal, a test modulation coefficient after transmission of the transmission link from the transmitting end to the receiving end;
  • a third calculating unit configured to calculate an optical signal to noise ratio of the transmission link from the transmitting end to the receiving end according to the test modulation coefficient and the reference modulation coefficient;
  • the second feedback unit is configured to feed back the optical signal to noise ratio to the transmitting end.
  • the transmission device is a device corresponding to the foregoing transmission method, and all implementations in the foregoing method embodiments are applicable to the embodiment of the device, and the same technical effects can be achieved.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the configuration of the auxiliary management and control signal transmission apparatus in the PON system according to the embodiment of the present disclosure, wherein the OLT device is the transmitting end, and the ONU device is the receiving end, that is, the transmission link is the downlink. .
  • the downlink pseudo-random sequence, the AMCC signal or the uplink error rate value is first loaded into the service channel by the modulation unit by using a certain modulation coefficient, and then the transmitting unit converts the signal and the downlink service signal together into The optical signal is then sent to the ONU device via the downstream optical channel.
  • the receiving filtering unit first converts the received downstream optical signal into an electrical signal, and then separates the electrical signal into independent two-way electrical signals by high-frequency and low-frequency filtering, and simultaneously amplifies the electrical signals. , analog to digital conversion and sampling.
  • the one signal separated by the high frequency filtering is the downlink service data
  • the other signal separated by the low frequency filtering is the uplink error rate value, the AMCC signal or the downlink pseudo random sequence signal.
  • the error test unit compares the downlink pseudo-random sequence signal with the locally generated correct local pseudo-random sequence, finally calculates the error rate of the downlink channel, and transmits the error rate value to the modulation unit.
  • the uplink error rate value is transmitted to the error rate analysis unit, and the error rate analysis unit determines whether the uplink error rate value is within the specified error rate interval, and if the uplink error rate value is greater than the specified error rate interval. For the value, the control modulation coefficient control unit increases the modulation coefficient MI of the modulation unit; if the uplink error rate value is below the minimum value of the specified error rate interval, the control modulation coefficient control unit decreases the modulation factor of the modulation unit.
  • the OLT device is the receiving end, and the ONU device is the transmitting end.
  • the transmission link is the uplink.
  • the uplink pseudo-random sequence, the AMCC signal, or the downlink error rate value is first loaded into the service channel by the modulation unit by using a certain modulation coefficient, and then the transmitting unit converts the signal and the uplink service signal together into The optical signal is then sent to the OLT device via the upstream optical channel.
  • the receiving filtering unit first converts the received upstream optical signal into an electrical signal, and then separates the electrical signal into independent two-way electrical signals by high-frequency and low-frequency filtering, and simultaneously amplifies the electrical signals. , analog to digital conversion and sampling.
  • one signal separated by high frequency filtering is uplink
  • the service data another signal separated by the low frequency filtering, is a downlink error rate value, an AMCC signal, or an uplink pseudo random sequence signal.
  • the error test unit compares the uplink pseudo-random sequence signal with the locally generated correct local pseudo-random sequence, finally calculates the error rate of the uplink channel, and transmits the error rate value to the modulation unit.
  • the downlink error rate value is transmitted to the error rate analysis unit, and the error rate analysis unit determines whether the downlink error rate value is within the specified error rate interval, and if the downlink error rate value is greater than the specified error rate interval.
  • the control modulation coefficient control unit increases the modulation coefficient MI of the modulation unit; if the downlink error rate value is lower than the predetermined error rate interval minimum value, the control modulation coefficient control unit decreases the modulation coefficient MI of the modulation unit.
  • the pseudo-random sequence or the AMCC signal is modulated onto the carrier frequency by the modulator, and the modulated pseudo-random sequence or the AMCC signal is transmitted together with the main service signal to the ONU side through the drive and the laser.
  • the mixed signal is processed by the receiving end, divided into two channels by the power distribution unit, one for the main service channel, and the other for recovering the pseudo-random sequence or the AMCC signal through the demodulator.
  • the receiving error rate is obtained by the device on the ONU device side, and finally the error rate is sent to the receiving end of the OLT device side through the transmitting end of the ONU device side.
  • the device determines whether it is in the upper and lower limits according to the error rate, and then changes the modulation coefficient by the modulation coefficient controller according to the decision result, thereby completing the dynamic monitoring modulation coefficient, improving the service signal and the AMCC signal. Receive error rate.
  • the present disclosure is based on a modulating technique, and the modulation factor is adjusted by error monitoring to improve the receiving error rate of the service signal and the AMCC signal.
  • the modulation factor is adjusted by error monitoring to improve the receiving error rate of the service signal and the AMCC signal.
  • Step 601 The downlink pseudo random sequence is loaded into the downlink service by the sending unit on the OLT device side, and sent to the ONU device.
  • the maximum and minimum values (MAX: MIN) of the BER of the downlink channel In the system operation, it is first necessary to specify the maximum and minimum values (MAX: MIN) of the BER of the downlink channel.
  • the downlink pseudo random sequence is loaded into the downlink service signal by the sending unit on the OLT device side, and sent to the ONU device side.
  • the AMCC signal When the power value of the AMCC is just the minimum sensitivity that can be detected and recovered by the receiver, the AMCC signal is The BER value is the maximum value MAX; when the power value of the AMCC is just such that the reception sensitivity of the traffic signal drops to an acceptable maximum value, the BER value of the AMCC signal at this time is the minimum value MIN.
  • Step 602 On the receiving end of the ONU device side, recover the received downlink pseudo-random sequence, and compare and analyze with the local pseudo-random sequence to obtain the final downlink error rate value, and then set by the ONU.
  • the sender on the standby side sends the downlink error rate value to the OLT device side.
  • the received pseudo random sequence is recovered, and compared with the locally generated pseudo random sequence to obtain a final received bit error rate. Then, the transmitting end of the ONU device side transmits the error rate to the receiving end of the OLT side device.
  • Step 603 The receiving end of the OLT device side recovers the downlink error rate value, and then sends the value to the error rate analysis unit, and the unit determines whether the error rate BER is within a predetermined interval value.
  • Step 604 When the BER is greater than the maximum value MAX, the downlink error rate is too large, the received pseudo random signal amplitude is too small, the modulation coefficient is too low, and the modulation coefficient MI needs to be increased by 1%; then the pseudo random sequence is retransmitted. Steps 601-603 are repeated until step 605 is reached when the BER is not greater than MAX.
  • Step 605 When the BER is less than the minimum value MIN, it indicates that the downlink error rate is too small, the amplitude of the received pseudo-random signal is too large, and the modulation coefficient is too high, which may cause the error rate of the service signal to increase, and the modulation coefficient MI needs to be reduced. 1%; then repeating the pseudo-random sequence to repeat steps 601-605 until the BER is not less than MIN, then proceeds to step 606.
  • Step 606 End the bit error rate test and stop transmitting the pseudo random sequence.
  • Step 701 The uplink pseudo-random sequence is loaded into the uplink service by the sending unit on the ONU device side, and sent to the OLT device.
  • the uplink pseudo-random sequence is loaded into the uplink service signal by the sending unit on the ONU device side, and sent to the OLT device side.
  • the AMCC signal is The BER value is the maximum value MAX; when the power value of the AMCC is just such that the reception sensitivity of the traffic signal drops to an acceptable maximum value, the BER value of the AMCC signal at this time is the minimum value MIN.
  • Step 702 On the receiving end of the OLT device side, recover the received uplink pseudo-random sequence, and compare and analyze with the local pseudo-random sequence to obtain the final uplink error rate value, and then the transmitting end of the OLT device side The uplink error rate value is sent to the ONU device side.
  • the received pseudo random sequence is restored and generated locally.
  • the pseudo-random sequence is compared and analyzed to obtain the final received bit error rate. Then, the error rate is sent by the transmitting end of the OLT device side to the receiving end of the ONU side device.
  • Step 703 The receiving end of the ONU device side recovers the uplink error rate value, and then sends the value to the error rate analysis unit, and the unit determines whether the error rate BER is within a predetermined interval value.
  • Step 704 When the BER is greater than the maximum value MAX of the interval value, the uplink error rate is too large, the amplitude of the received pseudo random signal is too small, and the modulation coefficient is too low, and the modulation coefficient MI needs to be increased by 1%;
  • the pseudo random sequence repeats steps 701-703 until step 705 is reached when the BER is not greater than MAX.
  • Step 705 If the BER is less than the minimum value MIN, it indicates that the uplink error rate is too small, the amplitude of the received pseudo random signal is too large, and the modulation coefficient is too high, which may cause the error rate of the service signal to increase, and the modulation coefficient MI needs to be reduced. 1%; then repeating the pseudo-random sequence and repeating steps 701-705 until the BER is not less than MIN, proceeding to step 706.
  • Step 706 End the bit error rate test and stop transmitting the pseudo random sequence.
  • the system In order to monitor the uplink and downlink bit error rate of the system, adjust the modulation factor in time, and reduce the impact of the modulation factor, the system will analyze the error rate of the entire channel at intervals. Among them, in the process of error rate monitoring, the AMCC signal will stop transmitting, and the test error uses a pseudo-random sequence code.
  • the downlink pseudo-random sequence code is sent by the OLT device side, and the device on the ONU device side receives and analyzes the error rate, and uploads the downlink error rate to the receiving end of the OLT device side.
  • the OLT device side performs judgment analysis according to the received downlink error rate.
  • the modulation coefficient of the transmitting end is increased by the feedback unit; when the downlink error rate is detected to be close to or exceeds the lower limit value, the modulation coefficient of the transmitting end is reduced by the feedback unit.
  • the uplink pseudo-random sequence code is sent by the ONU device side, and the device on the OLT device side receives and analyzes the uplink error rate, and uploads the error rate to the receiving end of the ONU device side.
  • the ONU device side performs judgment analysis according to the received uplink error rate.
  • the modulation coefficient of the transmitting end is increased by the feedback unit; when the uplink error rate is detected to be close to or exceeds the lower limit value, the modulation coefficient of the transmitting end is reduced by the feedback unit. Thereby, the dynamic monitoring modulation coefficient is completed, and the reception error rate of the service signal and the AMCC signal is improved.
  • optical top signal transmission method and apparatus of the present disclosure will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and application scenarios.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram showing the composition of an auxiliary management and control channel transmission apparatus with an OSNR monitoring feedback mechanism in a PON system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, wherein in the apparatus with an OSNR monitoring feedback mechanism, the OSNR of the transmission channel needs to be performed.
  • Monitoring because the traditional OSNR monitoring uses interpolation or polarization extinction, the technology is complex and the algorithm is complex. It is necessary to consider the modulation pattern of the optical service signal to calibrate the OSNR value. In this embodiment, it is not necessary to accurately calculate the OSNR value, so the OSNR value can be estimated by using the change value of the modulation coefficient before and after the transmission, and the estimated value is used as a basis for judging whether the requirement is met.
  • the transmitting unit transmits the AMCC signal, and sends the lower (upper) line modulation depth m1 as the associated AMCC information; the receiving unit parses the AMCC signal to obtain the downlink (upper) line modulation depth information m1; the modulation depth analysis The unit calculates the current modulation depth information m2 after transmission according to the AMCC signal amplitude; the OSNR calculation unit estimates the OSNR value using m1 and m2. Calculated as follows:
  • the AMCC signal transmitted by the OLT device in the downlink channel includes the modulation factor of the downlink channel and the monitored uplink OSNR value.
  • the AMCC signal transmitted by the ONU device in the uplink channel includes the modulation factor of the uplink channel and the monitored downlink OSNR value.
  • the OLT device is the transmitting end, and the ONU device is the receiving end.
  • the transmission link is the downlink.
  • the downlink modulation coefficient, the AMCC signal or the uplink OSNR value is first loaded into the service channel by the modulation unit with a certain modulation factor.
  • the transmitting unit converts the signal and the downlink service signal into an optical signal, and then sends the signal to the ONU device through the downlink optical channel.
  • the receiving filtering unit At the receiving end of the ONU device, the receiving filtering unit first converts the received downstream optical signal into an electrical signal, and then separates the electrical signal into independent two-way electrical signals by high-frequency and low-frequency filtering, and simultaneously amplifies the electrical signal. Analog to digital conversion and sampling.
  • the one signal separated by the high frequency filtering is the downlink service data
  • the other signal separated by the low frequency filtering is the downlink modulation coefficient, the AMCC signal or the uplink OSNR value.
  • the modulation depth detection unit then calculates the downlink modulation coefficients after transmission using digital signal processing techniques.
  • the OSNR calculation unit may calculate the downlink OSNR value according to the received downlink modulation coefficient and the transmitted downlink modulation coefficient, and then transmit the downlink OSNR value to the modulation unit along with the AMCC signal.
  • the uplink OSNR value is uploaded to the OSNR analysis unit.
  • the OSNR analysis unit determines whether the uplink OSNR value is within the specified error rate interval.
  • the control modulation coefficient control unit reduces the modulation coefficient MI of the modulation unit; if the uplink OSNR value is lower than the specified The minimum value of the OSNR interval controls the modulation coefficient control unit to increase the modulation coefficient MI of the modulation unit 9.
  • the OLT device is the receiving end, and the ONU device is the transmitting end.
  • the transmission link is the uplink.
  • the uplink modulation coefficient, the AMCC signal, or the downlink OSNR value are first loaded onto the service channel by a modulation unit with a certain modulation factor.
  • the signal is then converted into an optical signal by the transmitting unit together with the uplink service signal, and then transmitted to the OLT device via the upstream optical channel.
  • the receiving filtering unit At the receiving end of the OLT device, the receiving filtering unit first converts the received upstream optical signal into an electrical signal, and then separates the electrical signal into two independent electrical signals by high frequency and low frequency filtering, and simultaneously amplifies the electrical signal. Analog to digital conversion and sampling.
  • the one signal separated by the high frequency filtering is the uplink service data
  • the other signal separated by the low frequency filtering is the uplink modulation coefficient, the AMCC signal or the downlink OSNR value.
  • the modulation depth detection unit then calculates the transmitted uplink modulation coefficients using digital signal processing techniques.
  • the OSNR calculation unit may calculate an uplink OSNR value according to the received uplink modulation coefficient and the transmitted uplink modulation coefficient, and then transmit the uplink OSNR value to the modulation unit along with the AMCC signal.
  • the downlink OSNR value is uploaded to the OSNR analysis unit, and the OSNR analysis unit determines whether the downlink OSNR value is within the specified error rate interval.
  • the control modulation coefficient control unit reduces the modulation factor MI of the modulation unit. If the downlink OSNR value is below the minimum value of the OSNR interval, the control modulation coefficient control unit increases the modulation coefficient MI of the modulation unit.
  • the present disclosure is based on a tempering technique, and the modulation signal is adjusted by optical signal to noise ratio (SNR) to improve the optical signal to noise ratio of the service signal and the AMCC signal.
  • SNR optical signal to noise ratio
  • Step 901 The downlink modulation coefficient is loaded into the downlink service by the sending unit on the OLT device side, and sent to the ONU device.
  • the maximum and minimum values (MAX: MIN) of the optical signal-to-noise ratio interval OSNR of the downlink channel is loaded into the downlink service signal by the sending unit on the OLT device side, and sent to the ONU device side.
  • the OSNR of the AMCC signal when the power value of the AMCC just reaches the minimum sensitivity that can be detected and recovered by the receiver, the OSNR of the AMCC signal at this time The value is the maximum value MAX; when the power value of the AMCC is just the same, the service signal receiving sensitivity drops to an acceptable level.
  • the OSNR value of the AMCC signal at this time is the minimum value MIN.
  • Step 902 On the receiving end of the ONU device side, recover the received downlink modulation coefficient, and parse the transmitted modulation coefficient by the modulation depth detecting unit, and calculate the final downlink OSNR value by the OSNR calculating unit, and then the ONU device The transmitting end of the side transmits the downlink optical signal to noise ratio value to the OLT device side.
  • Step 903 The receiving end of the OLT device side recovers the downlink optical signal to noise ratio value, and then sends the signal to the optical signal to noise ratio analysis unit, and the unit determines whether the optical signal to noise ratio (OSNR) is within a predetermined interval value.
  • OSNR optical signal to noise ratio
  • Step 904 When the OSNR is greater than the maximum value MAX of the interval value, indicating that the downlink optical signal-to-noise ratio is too large, the received pseudo-random signal amplitude is too small, and the modulation coefficient is too low, and the modulation coefficient MI needs to be increased by 1%;
  • the transmission modulation coefficients are repeated in steps 901 to 903 until the OSNR is not greater than MAX, and the flow proceeds to step 905.
  • Step 905 If the OSNR is less than the minimum value MIN, the downlink optical signal-to-noise ratio is too small, and the received pseudo-random signal amplitude is too large, and the modulation coefficient is too high, which may result in an increase in the optical signal-to-noise ratio of the service signal, and the modulation coefficient MI is required. Decrease by 1%; then retransmit the modulation factor by repeating steps 901-905 until the OSNR is not less than MIN, proceeding to step 906.
  • Step 906 End the optical signal to noise ratio test and stop transmitting the modulation factor.
  • the quality feedback mechanism of the downlink transmission link from the OLT device to the ONU device is described in the following.
  • For the process, refer to the schematic diagram shown in Figure 10. include:
  • Step 1001 The uplink modulation factor is loaded into the uplink service by the sending unit on the ONU device side, and sent to the OLT device.
  • the maximum and minimum values (MAX: MIN) of the optical signal-to-noise ratio interval OSNR of the uplink channel is loaded into the uplink service signal by the sending unit on the ONU device side, and sent to the OLT device side.
  • the OSNR of the AMCC signal at this time is The value is the maximum value MAX; when the power value of the AMCC is just such that the service signal reception sensitivity drops to an acceptable maximum value, the OSNR value of the AMCC signal at this time is the minimum value MIN.
  • Step 1002 At the receiving end of the OLT device side, recover the received uplink modulation coefficient, and parse the transmitted modulation coefficient by the modulation depth detecting unit, and calculate by the OSNR calculation unit.
  • the final uplink OSNR value is sent by the transmitting end of the OLT device to the ONU device side.
  • Step 1003 After the receiving end of the ONU device side recovers the uplink optical signal to noise ratio value, the optical signal to noise ratio analysis unit is sent, and the unit determines whether the optical signal to noise ratio (OSNR) is within a predetermined interval value.
  • OSNR optical signal to noise ratio
  • Step 1004 When the OSNR is greater than the maximum value MAX of the interval value, indicating that the uplink optical signal-to-noise ratio is too large, the received pseudo-random signal amplitude is too small, and the modulation coefficient is too low, and the modulation coefficient MI needs to be increased by 1%;
  • the transmission modulation coefficients are repeated in steps 1001 to 1003 until the OSNR is not greater than MAX, and the process proceeds to step 1005.
  • Step 1005 If the OSNR is less than the minimum value MIN, the uplink optical signal-to-noise ratio is too small, and the received pseudo-random signal amplitude is too large, and the modulation coefficient is too high, which may cause an increase in the optical signal-to-noise ratio of the service signal, and the modulation coefficient MI is required. Decrease by 1%; then repeat the steps 1001 - 1005 by resending the modulation coefficients until the OSNR is not less than MIN, proceeding to step 1006.
  • Step 1006 End the optical signal to noise ratio test and stop transmitting the modulation factor.
  • the system In order to monitor the uplink and downlink optical signal-to-noise ratio of the system, adjust the modulation factor in time, and reduce the influence of the modulation factor, the system will analyze the optical signal-to-noise ratio of the entire channel at intervals.
  • the AMCC signal does not need to stop transmission, and the test error code uses a modulation coefficient code.
  • the downlink modulation coefficient is sent by the OLT device side, and the device on the ONU device side receives and analyzes the optical signal to noise ratio, and uploads the downlink optical signal to noise ratio to the receiving end of the OLT device side.
  • the OLT device side performs judgment analysis according to the received downlink optical signal to noise ratio.
  • the modulation coefficient of the transmitting end is increased by the feedback unit; when the downlink optical signal-to-noise ratio is monitored to be close to or exceeds the lower limit value, the modulation coefficient of the transmitting end is reduced by the feedback unit.
  • the uplink modulation coefficient code is sent by the ONU device side, and the device on the OLT device side receives and analyzes the uplink optical signal to noise ratio, and uploads the optical signal to noise ratio to the receiving end of the ONU device side.
  • the ONU device side performs judgment analysis according to the received uplink optical signal to noise ratio.
  • the modulation coefficient of the transmitting end is increased by the feedback unit; when the uplink optical signal-to-noise ratio is monitored to be close to or exceeds the lower limit value, the modulation coefficient of the transmitting end is reduced by the feedback unit, Thereby, the dynamic monitoring modulation coefficient is completed, and the optical signal to noise ratio of the service signal and the AMCC signal is improved.
  • the method according to the above embodiment can be implemented by means of software plus a necessary general hardware platform, and of course, Through hardware, but in many cases the former is a better implementation.
  • the technical solution of the present disclosure which is essential or contributes to the related art, may be embodied in the form of a software product stored in a storage medium (such as ROM/RAM, disk, CD-ROM).
  • the instructions include a number of instructions for causing a terminal device (which may be a cell phone, a computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to perform the methods described in various embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • Embodiments of the present disclosure also provide a storage medium.
  • the foregoing storage medium may be configured to store program code for performing the following steps:
  • S4 Send the optical topping signal modulated by the adjusted modulation coefficient to the receiving end.
  • the foregoing storage medium may include, but not limited to, a USB flash drive, a Read-Only Memory (ROM), a Random Access Memory (RAM), a mobile hard disk, and a magnetic memory.
  • ROM Read-Only Memory
  • RAM Random Access Memory
  • a mobile hard disk e.g., a hard disk
  • magnetic memory e.g., a hard disk
  • the processor executes the method steps described in the foregoing embodiments according to the stored program code in the storage medium.
  • modules or steps of the present disclosure described above can be implemented by a general-purpose computing device that can be centralized on a single computing device or distributed across a network of multiple computing devices. Alternatively, they may be implemented by program code executable by the computing device such that they may be stored in the storage device by the computing device and, in some cases, may be different from the order herein.
  • the steps shown or described are performed, or they are separately fabricated into individual integrated circuit modules, or a plurality of modules or steps thereof are fabricated as a single integrated circuit module. As such, the disclosure is not limited to any specific combination of hardware and software.
  • the transmitting end sends a pseudo random code to the receiving end, so that the receiving end transmits the transmission between the transmitting end and the receiving end according to the comparison processing between the pseudo random code and the local code generated by the receiving end.
  • the bit error rate of the link is fed back to the sender.
  • the transmitting end further adjusts the modulation coefficient of the optical topping signal to be transmitted according to the error rate, so as to improve the reliability and sensitivity of each signal in the optical topping signal, and reduce the corresponding error rate.

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Abstract

本公开公开了一种光调顶信号的传输方法、装置及存储介质，其方法包括：将待传输的光调顶信号的测试信号发送至接收端；接收该接收端对测试信号处理后反馈的信道质量参数，其中信道质量参数为发送端到接收端的传输链路的质量参数；根据接收端反馈的信道质量参数，调整光调顶信号的调制系数；将通过调整后的调制系数调制后的光调顶信号发送至接收端。本公开具有信道质量参数检测反馈机制，发送端通过接收端反馈的信道质量参数来调整待传输的光调顶信号的调制系数，以选择最优的调制系数，以保证光调顶信号中各个信号的可靠性，提高光调顶信号的灵敏度。

Description

一种光调顶信号的传输方法、装置及存储介质 技术领域
本公开涉及光通信领域，尤其涉及一种光调顶信号的传输方法、装置及存储介质。
背景技术
随着无源光网络(PON，Passive Optical Network)中波分复用(WDM，Wavelength Division Multiplex)技术的发展，当前的光通信网络可在同一根光纤中同时传输多个波长的光信号。为了方便管理局端和终端之间的通讯，需要在光传输路径上传输各个波长的波长分配信息以及信息管道中的操作维护信息，这种方法称为辅助管理和控制信道(AMCC，Auxiliary Management and Control Channel)传输技术。如何在各站点之间传输AMCC信息，通常有三种方法：采用特定波长的监控信道、段开销和调顶。
其中，采用特定波长的监控信道需要增加额外的第三波长来专门传输监控信息。该方法的优点是：由于通过第三波长传输信号，所以主业务信号和监控信号之间互不干扰。但实现该方案的缺点是：需要在发射端和接收端分别设置两套发射和接收装置，成本很高。
采用段开销的方法非常简单，只需要在发送的业务信号段中新开销小部分的段，该段用来插入监控管理信号，这种方式的优点是：不需要更改任何设备，只需要从软件协议层加入管理信号，就可以正常传输。但该方法有缺点：由于要要占用业务段，所以会影响业务信号的正常传输，而且占用的段开销越大，对业务信号的影响也越大。
调顶技术是基于数字调制技术，将需要传输的管理控制信号通过波形变换，调制到一个合适的载波(例如1MHz)上。为了不过多地影响业务信号，通常调制深度值设置在2％～10％之间，所以调顶信号有时也叫低频微扰(low-frequency dither)信号。调制后的信号和业务信号一起通过共同的发射装置发射到接收端。在接收端通过低通滤波器和解调器就可以获得调制信号，而业务信号则通过高通滤波器然后解析就可以获得。调顶技术可以节省光传输 通道，既不需要占用业务段，也不需要增加额外的特定波长。在同一个光波长上可以同时承载业务信息和监控信息。虽然如此，但由于AMCC信号和业务信号混叠在一起，相对业务信号，调顶信号就是微弱的噪声，所以调顶信息的加入必然导致接收业务信号的灵敏度降低，增加误码率；又由于在传输调顶信号的过程中，调顶信号的传输速率与调制系数的平方成正比，所以在其它参数保持不变的条件下，调制系数越高，调顶信号的传输速率越快；但增加调制系数，间接地增加了业务信号的噪声，业务信号误码率也会相应增加，所以采用调顶技术，调制系数是一个比较关键的参数。
根据最新的NG-PON2标准G.989.2/3/4提案中要求：在WDM PON系统中，AMCC信号与业务信号相互独立，不能占用业务段，而且传输AMCC信号和业务信号能共用发射和接收装置，以保证现有NG-PON2模块和设备不做大的改动，节约设备成本。因此，调顶技术是最适合在NGPON2系统中传输AMCC信号的一种技术。此外，实现AMCC还可以采用基带过调制技术，与调顶技术采用载波调制不一样，基带过调制技术通过简单的幅度调制技术将AMCC数字信号直接加载在业务数字信号上。
此外，在高速传输系统中，特别当传输速率为10Gbps/s以上的WDM系统中，例如：NG-PON2系统。调制系数会劣化传输系统的非线性效应，导致获得色散影响最小点的光信噪比OSNR值增加。
为了解决AMCC信号和业务信号混合后带来的影响，其中一个关键点在于如何选择调制系数(MI，Modulation Index)。在当前的核心网系统中，通常会选择一个固定的MI值，且MI值小于5％。因为测试表明当MI低于5％时，调顶对系统接收机的影响最小。在传输网中，由于使用了EDFA或者EVOA对业务光功率进行了功率均衡，所以固定调制系数后的调顶信号对业务信号的影响是固定的。但是在PON系统中使用调顶技术，需要面临一个问题，那就是上下行接收端接收的光功率是动态变化的。特别是上行通道中，接收端接收的多个突发光功率值是不一样的，在不使用EDFA或者VOA的条件下，就需要动态的调整MI值，以保证AMCC和业务信号相互影响最小，而且还能在接收端准确恢复出两种信号。如何动态调整MI值，成为PON系统光调顶信号传输亟待解决的问题。
公开内容
本公开提供了一种光调顶信号的传输方法、装置及存储介质，解决了相关技术中无法动态调整PON系统光调顶信号传输的调试系数的问题。
依据本公开的一个方面，提供了一种光调顶信号的传输方法，应用于发送端，包括：
将待传输的光调顶信号的测试信号发送至接收端；
接收该接收端对测试信号处理后反馈的信道质量参数，其中信道质量参数为发送端到接收端的传输链路的质量参数；
根据接收端反馈的信道质量参数，调整光调顶信号的调制系数；
将通过调整后的调制系数调制后的光调顶信号发送至接收端。
依据本公开的再一个方面，还提供了一种光调顶信号的传输方法，应用于接收端，包括：
接收发送端发送的待传输的光调顶信号的测试信号；
根据测试信号，计算发送端到接收端的传输链路的信道质量参数并反馈至发送端，以使发送端根据信道质量参数调整光调顶信号的调制系数；
接收该接收端通过调整后的调制系数调制后发送的光调顶信号。
依据本公开的再一个方面，还提供了一种光调顶信号的传输装置，应用于发送端，包括：
第一发送模块，设置为将待传输的光调顶信号的测试信号发送至接收端；
第一接收模块，设置为接收该接收端对测试信号处理后反馈的信道质量参数，其中信道质量参数为发送端到接收端的传输链路的质量参数；
第一处理模块，设置为根据接收端反馈的信道质量参数，调整光调顶信号的调制系数；
第二发送模块，设置为将通过调整后的调制系数调制后的光调顶信号发送至接收端。
依据本公开的再一个方面，还提供了一种光调顶信号的传输装置，应用于接收端，包括：
第二接收模块，设置为接收发送端发送的待传输的光调顶信号的测试信号；
第二处理模块，设置为根据测试信号，计算发送端到接收端的传输链路的信道质量参数并反馈至发送端，以使发送端根据信道质量参数调整光调顶信号的调制系数；
第三接收模块，设置为接收该接收端通过调整后的调制系数调制后发送的光调顶信号。
依据本公开的再一个方面，还提供了一种存储介质，存储介质包括存储的程序，程序运行时执行上述光调顶信号的传输方法。
本公开的实施例的有益效果是：
本公开的光调顶信号的传输方法及装置，具有信道质量检测反馈机制，发送端通过接收端反馈的信道质量参数调整待传输的光调顶信号的调制系数，以选择最优的调制系数，以保证光调顶信号中各个信号的可靠性，提高光调顶信号的灵敏度。
附图说明
图1表示本公开实施例一中光调顶信号的传输方法流程图；
图2表示本公开实施例四中光调顶信号的传输装置的结构示意图；
图3表示本公开实施例五中光调顶信号的传输方法流程图；
图4表示本公开实施例八中光调顶信号的传输装置的结构示意图；
图5表示本公开实施例九中PON系统中辅助管理和控制信号传输装置的组成示意图；
图6表示本公开实施例九中误码监控反馈机制的流程示意图之一；
图7表示本公开实施例九中误码监控反馈机制的流程示意图之二；
图8表示本公开实施例十中PON系统中带OSNR监测反馈机制的辅助管理和控制信道传输装置的组成示意图；
图9表示本公开实施例十中光信噪比监控反馈机制的流程示意图之一；
图10表示本公开实施例十中光信噪比监控反馈机制的流程示意图之二。
实施方式
下面将参照附图更详细地描述本公开的示例性实施例。虽然附图中显示了 本公开的示例性实施例，然而应当理解，可以以各种形式实现本公开而不应被这里阐述的实施例所限制。相反，提供这些实施例是为了能够更透彻地理解本公开，并且能够将本公开的范围完整的传达给本领域的技术人员。
为了解决调顶信号中各信号之间的相互影响，关键在于处理调制深度(MI，Modulation Index)对系统误码的影响。当MI太小时，会影响调顶信号的准确检测；当MI太大时，会造成系统业务信号的误码率增加。确定合适的调制深度，是确保调顶信号的准确检测、降低误码率和解决传输速率受限的关键点。
实施例一
如图1所示，本公开的实施例提供了一种光调顶信号的传输方法，应用于发送端，包括以下步骤：
步骤S101：将待传输的光调顶信号的测试信号发送至接收端。
其中，光调顶信号是基于数字调制技术，将不同类型的信号通过波形变换，调制到一个合适的载波之后形成的混合信号。该测试信号可与光调顶信号中的业务信号调制到一起，由发送端发送至接收端。值得指出的是，该测试信号可以是上行测试信号，也可以是下行测试信号。以PON系统中的OLT设备(光线路终端，Optical Line Terminal)和ONU设备(光网络单元，Optical Network Unit)为例，其中，OLT设备到ONU设备的传输链路为下行链路，ONU设备到OLT设备的传输链路为上行链路，即OLT设备向ONU设备发送的测试信号为下行测试信号，ONU设备向OLT设备发送的测试信号为上行测试信号。
步骤S102：接收该接收端对测试信号处理后反馈的信道质量参数。
其中，信道质量参数为发送端到接收端的传输链路的质量参数。以OLT设备和ONU设备为例，OLT设备接收到的ONU设备反馈的信道质量参数为ONU设备对下行测试信号处理后得到的下行链路质量参数；ONU设备接收到的OLT设备反馈的信道质量参数为OLT设备对上行测试信号处理后得到的上行链路质量参数。
步骤S103：根据接收端反馈的信道质量参数，调整光调顶信号的调制系数。
发送端根据接收端反馈的信道质量参数，调整光调顶信号中各个信号之间的调制系数，尤其是控制信号与业务信号之间的调制系数，该调制系数为各个 信号的调制深度。以OLT设备和ONU设备为例，OLT设备根据ONU设备反馈的下行链路的信道质量参数，调整下行光调顶信号的调制系数；ONU设备根据OLT设备反馈的上行链路的信道质量参数，调整下行光调顶信号的调制系数。
步骤S104：将通过调整后的调制系数调制后的光调顶信号发送至接收端。
其中，根据接收端反馈机制反馈的信道质量参数，调整后的调制系数可保证调制后的光调顶信号中各个信号的可靠性，提高光调顶信号的灵敏度。
实施例二
基于以上实施例一，本实施例将结合应用场景对该光调顶信号的传输方法做进一步说明。
其中，上述测试信号可以是伪随机序列，步骤S101包括：
根据待传输的光调顶信号当前的参考调制系数，对伪随机序列进行调制处理；将调制处理后的伪随机序列发送至接收端。
其中，该伪随机序列可与业务信号一起发送，即该伪随机序列经过调制载波调制后，按照当前的参考调制系数与业务信号调制在一起，由发送端发送至接收端。其中，调制载波的载波频率大于N倍的伪随机序列的传输速率，N为正整数，以避免光调顶信号与载波频率之间的相互影响，可选地，该伪随机序列的传输速率与辅助管理和控制信道AMCC信号的传输速率相同。可选地，以OLT设备和ONU设备为例，OLT设备将调制后的下行伪随机序列与业务信号调制在一起共同发送至ONU设备，以实现下行测试信号的发送；ONU设备将调制后的上行伪随机序列与业务信号调制在一起共同发送至OLT设备，以实现上行测试信号的发送。
可选地，步骤S102包括：接收该接收端根据伪随机序列和接收端生成的本地码计算得到并反馈的误码率。
其中，将信道的误码率作为信道质量参数，该误码率为发送端到接收端的传输链路的误码率。可选地，当OLT设备为发送端，ONU设备为接收端时，即进行下行链路传输，ONU设备对OLT设备发送过来的伪随机序列以及ONU设备生成的本地码进行对比处理，得到OLT设备到ONU设备传输链路的误码率(即下行误码率)，ONU设备并将该下行误码率反馈至OLT设备侧。其中， 本地码为与接收到的伪随机序列同步的伪随机码，是根据接收并解调后的伪随机序列在本地生成的与伪随机序列同步的伪随机码。当ONU设备为发送端，OLT设备为接收端时，即进行上行链路传输，OLT设备对ONU设备发送过来的伪随机序列以及OLT设备生成的本地码进行对比处理，得到ONU设备到OLT设备传输链路的误码率(即上行误码率)，OLT设备并将该上行误码率反馈至ONU设备侧。
可选地，当发送端接收到接收端反馈的信道质量参数后，根据该信道质量参数对待传输的光调顶信号的调制系数进行调整。可选地，步骤103可参照以下步骤实现：当接收端反馈的误码率低于第一阈值时，提高光调顶信号的调制系数；当接收端反馈的误码率高于第二阈值时，降低光调顶信号的调制系数；当接收端反馈的误码率处于第一阈值和第二阈值之间时，确定当前的调制系数为光调顶信号的调制系数。
其中，可预先设定能够保证光调顶信号正常收发的误码率(BER，Bit Error Rate)区间，其中，当AMCC信号的功率值大小刚好使得业务信号接收灵敏度下降到可接受的最大值时，此时的AMCC的BER值为误码率区间的最小值；当AMCC信号的功率值刚好达到能被接收端检测恢复的最小灵敏度时，此时AMCC信号的BER值为误码率区间的最大值。其中，第一阈值指的是误码率区间内的最小值，第二阈值指的是误码率区间内的最大值。也就是说，第一阈值指的是接收端接收到的AMCC信号与噪声刚好不能分离的阈值，即AMCC信号调制深度过低，而造成接收端无法正常提取AMCC信号的阈值。第二阈值指的是接收端接收到的AMCC信号太大，而导致业务信号的误码率达到上限值所对应的调制系数阈值，即AMCC的调制深度过高，造成接收端无法正常提取业务信号的阈值。
可选地，当接收端反馈的误码率低于第一阈值(如BER＝10E-12)时，则表示接收端无法正常接收测试信号，进而推理出AMCC信号的调制深度过低，这时需要提高光调顶信号中AMCC信号调制系数(如将调制系数增大1％)，也就是AMCC信号的调制深度，然后重新再发送测试信号，直至接收到接收端反馈的误码率高于第一阈值，以保证接收端能够从光调顶信号中正常提取AMCC信号。
当接收端反馈的误码率高于第二阈值时，降低光调顶信号的调制系数。当接收端反馈的误码率高于第二阈值(如BER＝10E-10)时，则标识接收端无法正常提取业务信号，或提取出的业务信号的误码率达到上限值，这时需要降低光调顶信号中AMCC信号的调制系数(如将调制系数降低1％)，也就是AMCC信号的调制深度，然后重新再发送测试信号，直至接收到接收端反馈的误码率低于第二阈值，以保证接收端能够从光调顶信号中提取满足误码率要求的业务信号。
当接收端反馈的误码率处于第一阈值和第二阈值之间时，确定当前的调制系数为光调顶信号的调制系数。当接收端反馈的误码率处于第一阈值和第二阈值之间时，表示当前的调制系数可以保证接收端能够同时提取出满足误码率要求的AMCC信号和业务信号。
综上，本实施例的发送端通过向接收端发送伪随机码，以使接收端根据该伪随机码与接收端生成的本地码之间的对比处理，得到发送端到接收端之间传输链路的误码率并反馈至发送端。发送端进一步根据该误码率调整待传输的光调顶信号的调制系数，以提高光调顶信号中各个信号的可靠性和灵敏度，并降低对应的误码率。
实施例三
基于以上实施例一，本实施例将结合另一应用场景对该光调顶信号的传输方法做进一步说明。
其中，上述测试信号可以是辅助管理和控制信道AMCC信号，以及待传输光调顶信号当前的参考调制系数，步骤S101包括：
根据参考调制系数，对AMCC信号进行调制处理；将经调制处理后的AMCC信号和参考调制系数发送至接收端。
其中，该AMCC信号和当前的参考调制系数是与业务信号一起发送的，即AMCC经过调制载波调制后，按照当前的参考调制系数与业务信号调制在一起，由发送端发送至接收端。其中，调制载波的载波频率大于N倍的伪随机序列的传输速率，N为正整数，以避免光调顶信号与载波频率之间的相互影响。可选地，以OLT设备和ONU设备为例，OLT设备将调制后的AMCC信号、参考调制系数与业务信号调制在一起共同发送至ONU设备，以实现下行 测试信号的发送；ONU设备将调制后的AMCC信号、参考调制系数与业务信号调制在一起共同发送至OLT设备，以实现上行测试信号的发送。
可选地，步骤S102包括：接收该接收端对接收到的AMCC信号和参考调制系数计算处理后反馈的光信噪比。
其中，将信道的光信噪比作为信道质量参数，该光信噪比为发送端到接收端的传输链路的光信噪比。可选地，当OLT设备为发送端，ONU设备为接收端时，即进行下行链路传输，ONU设备对OLT设备发送过来的AMCC信号和业务信号进行计算得到测试出的调制系数，根据OLT设备发送过来的调制系数和ONU设备自己计算得到的调制系数，计算得到OLT设备到ONU设备传输链路的光信噪比(即下行光信噪比)，ONU设备并将该下行光信噪比反馈至OLT设备侧。当ONU设备为发送端，OLT设备为接收端时，即进行上行链路传输，OLT设备对ONU设备发送过来的AMCC信号和业务信号进行计算得到测试出的调制系数，根据ONU设备发送过来的调制系数和OLT设备自己计算得到的调制系数，计算得到ONU设备到OLT设备传输链路的光信噪比(即上行光信噪比)，OLT设备并将该上行光信噪比反馈至ONU设备侧。
可选地，当发送端接收到接收端反馈的信道质量参数后，根据该信道质量参数对待传输的光调顶信号的调制系数进行调整。可选地，步骤103可参照以下步骤实现：当接收端反馈的光信噪比低于第三阈值时，提高光调顶信号的调制系数；当接收端反馈的光信噪比高于第四阈值时，降低光调顶信号的调制系数；当接收端反馈的光信噪比处于第三阈值和第四阈值之间时，确定当前的调制系数为光调顶信号的调制系数。
其中，可预先设定能够保证光调顶信号正常收发的光信噪比(OSNR，Optical Signal Noise Ratio)区间，其中，当AMCC信号的功率值大小刚好使得业务信号接收灵敏度下降到可接受的最大值时，此时的AMCC的OSNR值为光信噪比区间的最小值；当AMCC信号的功率值刚好达到能被接收端检测恢复的最小灵敏度时，此时AMCC信号的OSNR值为光信噪比区间的最大值。其中，第三阈值指的是光信噪比区间内的最小值，第四阈值指的是光信噪比区间内的最大值。也就是说，第三阈值指的是接收端接收到的AMCC信号与噪声刚好不能分离的阈值，即AMCC信号调制深度过低，而造成接收端无法正 常提取AMCC信号的阈值。第四阈值指的是接收端接收到的AMCC信号太大，而导致业务信号的误码率达到上限值所对应的调制系数阈值，即AMCC的调制深度过高，造成接收端无法正常提取业务信号的阈值。
可选地，当接收端反馈的光信噪比低于第三阈值时，则表示接收端无法正常接收测试信号，进而推理出AMCC信号的调制深度过低，这时需要提高光调顶信号中AMCC信号调制系数(如将调制系数增大1％)，也就是AMCC信号的调制深度，然后重新再发送测试信号，直至接收到接收端反馈的光信噪比高于第一阈值，以保证接收端能够从光调顶信号中正常提取AMCC信号。
当接收端反馈的光信噪比高于第四阈值时，降低光调顶信号的调制系数。其中，当接收端反馈的光信噪比高于第四阈值时，则标识接收端无法正常提取业务信号，或提取出的业务信号的光信噪比达到上限值，这时需要降低光调顶信号中AMCC信号的调制系数(如将调制系数降低1％)，也就是AMCC信号的调制深度，然后重新再发送测试信号，直至接收到接收端反馈的光信噪比低于第四阈值，以保证接收端能够从光调顶信号中提取满足光信噪比要求的业务信号。
当接收端反馈的光信噪比处于第三阈值和第四阈值之间时，确定当前的调制系数为光调顶信号的调制系数。当接收端反馈的光信噪比处于第三阈值和第四阈值之间时，表示当前的调制系数可以保证接收端能够同时提取出满足光信噪比要求的AMCC信号和业务信号。
综上，本实施例的发送端通过向接收端发送AMCC信号、当前的参考调制系数和业务信号，以使接收端根据接收到的AMCC信号和业务信号计算得到测试的调制系数，再根据接收到的参考调制系数和计算得到的测试调制系数计算处发送端到接收端之间传输链路的光信噪比并反馈至发送端。发送端进一步根据该光信噪比调整待传输的光调顶信号的调制系数，以提高光调顶信号中各个信号的可靠性和灵敏度，并降低对应的光信噪比。
实施例四
以上实施例一至实施例三分别从不同应用场景对本公开的光调顶信号的传输方法进行介绍，下面本实施例将进一步结合附图对其对应的装置做进一步介绍。
如图2所示，依据本公开实施例的再一个方面，还提供了一种与上述实施例中光调顶信号的传输方法对应的传输装置，应用于发送端，包括：
第一发送模块21，设置为将待传输的光调顶信号的测试信号发送至接收端；
第一接收模块22，设置为接收接收端对测试信号处理后反馈的信道质量参数，其中信道质量参数为发送端到接收端的传输链路的质量参数；
第一处理模块23，设置为根据接收端反馈的信道质量参数，调整光调顶信号的调制系数；
第二发送模块24，设置为将通过调整后的调制系数调制后的光调顶信号发送至接收端。
其中，第一发送模块21包括：
第一调制单元，设置为根据待传输的光调顶信号当前的参考调制系数，对伪随机序列进行调制处理；其中，该测试信号包括伪随机序列；
第一发送单元，设置为将调制处理后的伪随机序列发送至接收端。
其中，第一接收模块22包括：
第一接收单元，设置为接收所述接收端根据所述伪随机序列和所述接收端生成的本地码计算得到并反馈的误码率，其中，所述误码率为发送端到接收端的传输链路的误码率。
其中第一处理模块23包括：
第一处理单元，设置为当所述接收端反馈的误码率低于第一阈值时，提高所述光调顶信号的调制系数；
第二处理单元，设置为当所述接收端反馈的误码率高于第二阈值时，降低所述光调顶信号的调制系数；
第三处理单元，设置为当所述接收端反馈的误码率处于所述第一阈值和所述第二阈值之间时，确定当前的调制系数为所述光调顶信号的调制系数。
其中，第一发送模块21还包括：
第二调制单元，设置为根据所述参考调制系数，对所述AMCC信号进行调制处理；测试信号包括：辅助管理和控制信道AMCC信号
第二发送单元，设置为将经调制处理后的AMCC信号和所述参考调制系 数发送至接收端。
其中，第一接收模块22还包括：
第二接收单元，设置为接收所述接收端对接收到的AMCC信号和参考调制系数计算处理后反馈的光信噪比，其中，所述光信噪比为发送端到接收端的传输链路的光信噪比；
其中，第一处理模块23还包括：
第四处理单元，设置为当所述接收端反馈的光信噪比低于第三阈值时，提高所述光调顶信号的调制系数；
第五处理单元，设置为当所述接收端反馈的光信噪比高于第四阈值时，降低所述光调顶信号的调制系数；
第六处理单元，设置为当所述接收端反馈的光信噪比处于所述第三阈值和所述第四阈值之间时，确定当前的调制系数为所述光调顶信号的调制系数。
需要说明的是，该传输装置是与上述传输方法对应的装置，上述方法实施例中所有实现方式均适用于该装置的实施例中，也能达到相同的技术效果。
实施例五
以上实施例一至实施例四分别介绍了本公开基于发送端的光调顶信号的传输方法及装置，下面本实施例将结合附图对其对应的接收端的光调顶信号的传输方法做进一步介绍。
可选地，如图3所示，本公开实施例的光调顶信号的传输方法包括：
步骤S301：接收发送端发送的待传输的光调顶信号的测试信号。
其中，光调顶信号是基于数字调制技术，将不同类型的信号通过波形变换，调制到一个合适的载波之后形成的混合信号。发送端将与待传输的光调顶信号的时钟同步的测试信号发送至接收端，该测试信号可与光调顶信号中的业务信号调制到一起，由发送端发送至接收端。值得指出的是，该测试信号可以是上行测试信号，也可以是下行测试信号。以PON系统中的OLT设备(光线路终端，Optical Line Terminal)和ONU设备(光网络单元，Optical Network Unit)为例，其中，OLT设备到ONU设备的传输链路为下行链路，ONU设备到OLT设备的传输链路为上行链路，即OLT设备向ONU设备发送的测试信号为下行测试信号，ONU设备向OLT设备发送的测试信号为上行测试信号。
步骤S302：根据测试信号，计算发送端到接收端的传输链路的信道质量参数并反馈至发送端，以使发送端根据信道质量参数调整光调顶信号的调制系数。
其中，信道质量参数为发送端到接收端的传输链路的质量参数。以OLT设备和ONU设备为例，OLT设备接收到的ONU设备反馈的信道质量参数为ONU设备对下行测试信号处理后得到的下行链路质量参数；ONU设备接收到的OLT设备反馈的信道质量参数为OLT设备对上行测试信号处理后得到的上行链路质量参数。发送端根据接收端反馈的信道质量参数，调整光调顶信号中各个信号之间的调制系数，尤其是控制信号与业务信号之间的调制系数，该调制系数为各个信号的调制深度。以OLT设备和ONU设备为例，OLT设备根据ONU设备反馈的下行链路的信道质量参数，调整下行光调顶信号的调制系数；ONU设备根据OLT设备反馈的上行链路的信道质量参数，调整上行光调顶信号的调制系数。
步骤S303：接收该接收端通过调整后的调制系数调制后发送的光调顶信号。
其中，根据接收端反馈机制反馈的信道质量参数，调整后的调制系数可保证调制后的光调顶信号中各个信号的可靠性，提高光调顶信号的灵敏度。
实施例六
基于以上实施例五，本实施例将结合应用场景对该光调顶信号的传输方法做进一步说明。
其中，步骤S301包括：接收发送端发送的伪随机序列码；其中，该伪随机序列码为发送端根据待传输的光调顶信号当前的参考调制系数调制处理后发送的。
其中，该伪随机序列可与业务信号一起发送，即该伪随机序列经过调制载波调制后，按照当前的参考调制系数与业务信号调制在一起，由发送端发送至接收端。其中，调制载波的载波频率大于N倍的伪随机序列的传输速率，N为正整数，以避免光调顶信号与载波频率之间的相互影响，可选地，该伪随机序列的传输速率与辅助管理和控制信道AMCC信号的传输速率相同。可选地，以OLT设备和ONU设备为例，OLT设备将调制后的下行伪随机序列与业务 信号调制在一起共同发送至ONU设备，ONU接收该下行为随机序列以实现下行测试信号的接收；ONU设备将调制后的上行伪随机序列与业务信号调制在一起共同发送至OLT设备，ONU接收该行为随机序列以实现上行测试信号的接收。
可选地，步骤302包括：根据伪随机序列码与接收端生成的本地码，计算得到发送端到接收端的传输链路的误码率；将误码率反馈至发送端。
其中，将信道的误码率作为信道质量参数，该误码率为发送端到接收端的传输链路的误码率。本地码为与伪随机序列同步的伪随机码。可选地，当OLT设备为发送端，ONU设备为接收端时，即进行下行链路传输，ONU设备对OLT设备发送过来的伪随机序列以及ONU设备生成的本地码进行对比处理，得到OLT设备到ONU设备传输链路的误码率(即下行误码率)，ONU设备并将该下行误码率反馈至OLT设备侧。当ONU设备为发送端，OLT设备为接收端时，即进行上行链路传输，OLT设备对ONU设备发送过来的伪随机序列以及OLT设备生成的本地码进行对比处理，得到ONU设备到OLT设备传输链路的误码率(即上行误码率)，OLT设备并将该上行误码率反馈至ONU设备侧。
接收端将计算处理得到的误码率反馈至发送端，以使发送端根据该误码率调整待传输的光调顶信号的调制系数，以提高光调顶信号中各个信号的可靠性和灵敏度，并降低对应的误码率。
实施例七
基于以上实施例五，本实施例将结合另一应用场景对该光调顶信号的传输方法做进一步说明。
其中，上述测试信号可以是辅助管理和控制信道AMCC信号，以及待传输光调顶信号当前的参考调制系数，步骤S301包括：接收发送端发送的辅助管理和控制信道AMCC信号，以及待传输光调顶信号当前的参考调制系数。
其中，AMCC信号为经所述参考调制系数调制处理后发送的，其中，该AMCC信号和当前的参考调制系数是与业务信号一起发送的，即AMCC经过调制载波调制后，按照当前的参考调制系数与业务信号调制在一起，由发送端发送至接收端。其中，调制载波的载波频率大于N倍的伪随机序列的传输速 率，N为正整数，以避免光调顶信号与载波频率之间的相互影响。可选地，以OLT设备和ONU设备为例，OLT设备将调制后的AMCC信号、参考调制系数与业务信号调制在一起共同发送至ONU设备，以实现下行测试信号的发送；ONU设备将调制后的AMCC信号、参考调制系数与业务信号调制在一起共同发送至OLT设备，以实现上行测试信号的发送。
步骤S302包括：根据接收到的AMCC信号，计算得到经发送端到接收端的传输链路传输后的测试调制系数；根据测试调制系数和参考调制系数，计算发送端到接收端的传输链路的光信噪比；并将该光信噪比反馈至发送端。
其中，将信道的光信噪比作为信道质量参数，该光信噪比为发送端到接收端的传输链路的光信噪比。可选地，当OLT设备为发送端，ONU设备为接收端时，即进行下行链路传输，ONU设备对OLT设备发送过来的AMCC信号和业务信号进行计算得到测试出的调制系数，根据OLT设备发送过来的调制系数和ONU设备自己计算得到的调制系数，计算得到OLT设备到ONU设备传输链路的光信噪比(即下行光信噪比)，ONU设备并将该下行光信噪比反馈至OLT设备侧。当ONU设备为发送端，OLT设备为接收端时，即进行上行链路传输，OLT设备对ONU设备发送过来的AMCC信号和业务信号进行计算得到测试出的调制系数，根据ONU设备发送过来的调制系数和OLT设备自己计算得到的调制系数，计算得到ONU设备到OLT设备传输链路的光信噪比(即上行光信噪比)，OLT设备并将该上行光信噪比反馈至ONU设备侧。
可选地，根据测试调制系数和参考调制系数，计算发送端到接收端的传输链路的光信噪比的步骤参照以下公式计算得到：
Figure PCTCN2017082921-appb-000001
其中，OSNRt表示发送端到接收端的传输链路的光信噪比，m1表示参考调制系数，m2表示测试调制系数。
接收端将计算处理得到的光信噪比反馈至发送端，以使发送端根据该光信噪比调整待传输的光调顶信号的调制系数，以提高光调顶信号中各个信号的可靠性和灵敏度，并降低对应的光信噪比。
实施例八
以上实施例五至实施例七分别从不同应用场景对本公开的光调顶信号的传输方法进行介绍，下面本实施例将进一步结合附图对其对应的装置做进一步介绍。
如图4所示，本公开的实施例，还提供了一种光调顶信号的传输装置，应用于接收端，包括：
第二接收模块41，设置为接收发送端发送的待传输的光调顶信号的测试信号；
第二处理模块42，设置为根据测试信号，计算发送端到接收端的传输链路的信道质量参数并反馈至发送端，以使发送端根据信道质量参数调整光调顶信号的调制系数；
第三接收模块43，设置为接收该接收端通过调整后的调制系数调制后发送的光调顶信号。
其中，第二接收模块41包括：
第三接收单元，设置为接收发送端发送的伪随机序列码；其中，伪随机序列码为发送端根据待传输的光调顶信号当前的参考调制系数调制处理后发送的。
其中，第二处理模块42包括：
第一计算单元，设置为根据伪随机序列码与接收端生成的本地码，计算得到发送端到接收端的传输链路的误码率；
第一反馈单元，设置为将误码率反馈至发送端。
其中，第二接收模块41还包括：
第四接收单元，设置为接收发送端发送的辅助管理和控制信道AMCC信号，以及待传输光调顶信号当前的参考调制系数；其中，AMCC信号为经参考调制系数调制处理后发送的。
其中，第二处理模块42还包括：
第二计算单元，设置为根据接收到的AMCC信号，计算得到经发送端到接收端的传输链路传输后的测试调制系数；
第三计算单元，设置为根据测试调制系数和参考调制系数，计算发送端到接收端的传输链路的光信噪比；
第二反馈单元，设置为将光信噪比反馈至发送端。
需要说明的是，该传输装置是与上述传输方法对应的装置，上述方法实施例中所有实现方式均适用于该装置的实施例中，也能达到相同的技术效果。
实施例九
下面将结合附图和应用场景对本公开的光调顶信号的传输方法及装置做进一步地详细说明。
如图5所示的本公开实施例中PON系统中辅助管理和控制信号传输装置的组成示意图，其中，以OLT设备为发送端，ONU设备为接收端为例，即传输链路为下行链路。在OLT设备的发送端，首先将下行伪随机序列、AMCC信号或者上行误码率值经过调制单元以一定的调制系数加载到业务通道上，再由发射单元将这些信号和下行业务信号一起转换成光信号，然后经过下行光通道发送给ONU设备。在ONU设备的接收端中，接收滤波单元首先将接收到的下行光信号转换成电信号，然后将电信号通过高频和低频滤波分离成独立的两路电信号，并同时对电信号进行放大、模数转换和采样。其中，高频滤波分离出的一路信号为下行业务数据，低频滤波分离出的另一路信号为上行误码率值、AMCC信号或者下行伪随机序列信号。然后误码测试单元将下行伪随机序列信号与本地生成的正确的本地伪随机序列进行比对，最终统计出下行通道的误码率，并将该误码率值传输给调制单元。上行误码率值则传输给误码率分析单元，误码率分析单元将判断上行误码率值是否在规定的误码率区间内，如果上行误码率值大于规定的误码率区间最大值，则控制调制系数控制单元增加调制单元的调制系数MI；如果上行误码率值下于规定的误码率区间最小值，则控制调制系数控制单元减小调制单元的调制系数。
以OLT设备为接收端，ONU设备为发送端为例，即传输链路为上行链路。在ONU设备的发送端，首先将上行伪随机序列、AMCC信号或者下行误码率值经过调制单元以一定的调制系数加载到业务通道上，再由发射单元将这些信号和上行业务信号一起转换成光信号，然后经过上行光通道发送给OLT设备。在OLT设备的接收端中，接收滤波单元首先将接收到的上行光信号转换成电信号，然后将电信号通过高频和低频滤波分离成独立的两路电信号，并同时对电信号进行放大、模数转换和采样。其中，高频滤波分离出的一路信号为上行 业务数据，低频滤波分离出的另一路信号为下行误码率值、AMCC信号或者上行伪随机序列信号。然后误码测试单元将上行伪随机序列信号与本地生成的正确的本地伪随机序列进行比对，最终统计出上行通道的误码率，并将该误码率值传输给调制单元。下行误码率值则传输给误码率分析单元，误码率分析单元将判断下行误码率值是否在规定的误码率区间内，如果下行误码率值大于规定的误码率区间最大值，则控制调制系数控制单元增加调制单元的调制系数MI；如果下行误码率值下于规定的误码率区间最小值，则控制调制系数控制单元减小调制单元的调制系数MI。
也就是说，在OLT设备侧，伪随机序列或者AMCC信号通过调制器调制到载波频率上，已调制的伪随机序列或者AMCC信号和主业务信号一起通过驱动和激光器发送到ONU侧。在OUN侧，混合的信号被接收端处理后，经功率分配单元分成两路，一路为主业务通道，另一路经过解调器恢复出伪随机序列或者AMCC信号。通过ONU设备侧的装置分析得到接收误码率，最终将误码率通过ONU设备侧的发射端发送到OLT设备侧的接收端。在OLT设备侧的接收端，装置根据误码率的大小，判断其是否在上下限范围，然后根据判决结果由调制系数控制器改变调制系数，从而完成动态监控调制系数，改善业务信号和AMCC信号的接收误码率。
本公开是基于调顶技术，通过误码监测来调整调制系数来改善业务信号和AMCC信号的接收误码率，流程可参照如图6所示的示意图。包括：
步骤601：通过OLT设备侧的发送单元加载下行伪随机序列到下行业务中，并发送到ONU设备。
在系统运行中，首先需要规定下行通道的误码率区间BER的最大值和最小值(MAX：MIN)。由OLT设备侧的发送单元加载下行伪随机序列到下行业务信号中，并发送给ONU设备侧；其中，当AMCC的功率值刚好达到能被接收机检测恢复的最小灵敏度时，此时AMCC信号的BER值为最大值MAX；当AMCC的功率值大小刚好使得业务信号接收灵敏度下降到可接受的最大值时，此时的AMCC信号的BER值为最小值MIN。
步骤602：在ONU设备侧的接收端，对接收的下行伪随机序列进行恢复，并与本地伪随机序列进行分析比对，获得最终的下行误码率值，再由ONU设 备侧的发送端将该下行误码率值发送到OLT设备侧。
在ONU设备侧的接收端，对接收的伪随机序列进行恢复，并与本地生成的伪随机序列进行对比分析获得最终的接收误码率。然后由ONU设备侧的发送端将误码率发送给OLT侧装置的接收端中。
步骤603：OLT设备侧的接收端对下行误码率值进行恢复后，发送至误码率分析单元，由该单元判断误码率BER是否在规定的区间值内。
步骤604：当BER大于最大值MAX，说明下行误码率偏大，接收到的伪随机信号幅值过小，调制系数过低，需要将调制系数MI增大1％；然后重新发送伪随机序列重复步骤601～603，直到BER不大于MAX时进入步骤605。
步骤605：当BER小于最小值MIN，则说明下行误码率偏小，接收到的伪随机信号幅度过大，调制系数过高，会导致业务信号误码率增加，需要将调制系数MI减小1％；然后重新发送伪随机序列重复步骤601～605，直到BER不小于MIN时，进入步骤606。
步骤606：结束误码率测试，停止发送伪随机序列。
以上介绍的是OLT设备到ONU设备的下行传输链路的质量反馈机制，下面将进一步介绍ONU设备到OLT设备的上行传输链路的质量反馈机制，流程可参照如图7所示的示意图。包括：
步骤701：通过ONU设备侧的发送单元加载上行伪随机序列到上行业务中，并发送到OLT设备。
在系统运行中，首先需要规定上行通道的误码率区间BER的最大值和最小值(MAX：MIN)。由ONU设备侧的发送单元加载上行伪随机序列到上行业务信号中，并发送给OLT设备侧；其中，当AMCC的功率值刚好达到能被接收机检测恢复的最小灵敏度时，此时AMCC信号的BER值为最大值MAX；当AMCC的功率值大小刚好使得业务信号接收灵敏度下降到可接受的最大值时，此时的AMCC信号的BER值为最小值MIN。
步骤702：在OLT设备侧的接收端，对接收的上行伪随机序列进行恢复，并与本地伪随机序列进行分析比对，获得最终的上行误码率值，再由OLT设备侧的发送端将该上行误码率值发送到ONU设备侧。
在OLT设备侧的接收端，对接收的伪随机序列进行恢复，并与本地生成 的伪随机序列进行对比分析获得最终的接收误码率。然后由OLT设备侧的发送端将误码率发送给ONU侧装置的接收端中。
步骤703：ONU设备侧的接收端对上行误码率值进行恢复后，发送至误码率分析单元，由该单元判断误码率BER是否在规定的区间值内。
步骤704：当BER大于区间值的最大值MAX，说明上行误码率偏大，接收到的伪随机信号幅值过小，调制系数过低，需要将调制系数MI增大1％；然后重新发送伪随机序列重复步骤701～703，直到BER不大于MAX时进入步骤705。
步骤705：如果BER小于最小值MIN，则说明上行误码率偏小，接收到的伪随机信号幅度过大，调制系数过高，会导致业务信号误码率增加，需要将调制系数MI减小1％；然后重新发送伪随机序列重复步骤701～705，直到BER不小于MIN时，进入步骤706。
步骤706：结束误码率测试，停止发送伪随机序列。
为了监测系统上下行误码率，及时调整调制系数，降低调制系数带来的影响，系统将每间隔一段时间对整条信道进行误码率分析。其中，在误码率监测的过程中，AMCC信号将停止传输，测试误码采用伪随机序列码。由OLT设备侧发送下行伪随机序列码，在ONU设备侧的装置接收并分析误码率，并将下行误码率上传到OLT设备侧的接收端。OLT设备侧根据接收的下行误码率进行判断分析。当监测到下行误码率接近或超过上限值，则通过反馈单元增加发射端的调制系数；当监测到下行误码率接近或超过下限值，则通过反馈单元降低发射端的调制系数。并由ONU设备侧发送上行伪随机序列码，在OLT设备侧的装置接收并分析上行误码率，并将误码率上传到ONU设备侧的接收端。ONU设备侧根据接收的上行误码率进行判断分析。当监测到上行误码率接近或超过上限值，则通过反馈单元增加发射端的调制系数；当监测到上行误码率接近或超过下限值，则通过反馈单元降低发射端的调制系数。从而完成动态监控调制系数，改善业务信号和AMCC信号的接收误码率。
实施例十
下面将结合附图和应用场景对本公开的光调顶信号的传输方法及装置的另一种实现方案做进一步地详细说明。
如图8所示的本公开实施例中PON系统中带OSNR监测反馈机制的辅助管理和控制信道传输装置的组成示意图，其中，在带OSNR监测反馈机制的装置中，需要对传输通道的OSNR进行监测，由于传统OSNR监测都采用内插法或偏振消光法，实现技术复杂、算法复杂，需要考虑光业务信号的调制码型进行OSNR值的校准等。本实施例并不需要精确计算出OSNR值，所以可利用传输前后调制系数变化值来估算OSNR值，并将估算值作为判断是否符合要求的依据。可选地，发射单元发射AMCC信号，并将下(上)行调制深度m1作为随路AMCC信息一起发送；接收单元解析AMCC信号，获取随路下(上)行调制深度信息m1；调制深度解析单元根据AMCC信号幅值，计算出传输后的当前调制深度信息m2；OSNR计算单元在利用m1和m2估算OSNR值。计算公式如下：
Figure PCTCN2017082921-appb-000002
当OLT设备和ONU设备进行正常业务通信时，下行通道中OLT设备传输的AMCC信号中包含了下行随路通道的调制系数和监测到的上行OSNR值。上行通道中ONU设备传输的AMCC信号中包含了上行随路通道的调制系数和监测到的下行OSNR值。
其中，以OLT设备为发送端，ONU设备为接收端为例，即传输链路为下行链路。在下行通道的OLT设备发送端，首先将下行调制系数、AMCC信号或者上行OSNR值经过调制单元以一定的调制系数加载到业务通道上。再由发射单元将这些信号和下行业务信号一起转换成光信号，然后经过下行光通道发送给ONU设备。在ONU设备的接收端，接收滤波单元首先将接收到的下行光信号转换成电信号，然后将电信号通过高频和低频滤波分离成独立的两路电信号，并同时对电信号进行放大、模数转换和采样。其中，高频滤波分离出的一路信号为下行业务数据，低频滤波分离出的另一路信号为下行调制系数，AMCC信号或者上行OSNR值。然后调制深度检测单元利用数字信号处理技术计算出传输后的下行调制系数。OSNR计算单元根据接收到的下行调制系数和传输后的下行调制系数可以计算出下行的OSNR值，然后将下行OSNR值随AMCC信号一起传输给调制单元。上行OSNR值则上传给OSNR分析单元， OSNR分析单元将判断上行OSNR值是否在规定误码率区间内，如果上行OSNR值大于规定的OSNR区间最大值，则控制调制系数控制单元降低调制单元的调制系数MI；如果上行OSNR值下于规定OSNR区间最小值，则控制调制系数控制单元增加调制单元9的调制系数MI。
以OLT设备为接收端，ONU设备为发送端为例，即传输链路为上行链路。在ONU设备的发送端，首先将上行调制系数、AMCC信号或者下行OSNR值经过调制单元以一定的调制系数加载到业务通道上。再由发射单元将这些信号和上行业务信号一起转换成光信号，然后经过上行光通道发送给OLT设备。在OLT设备的接收端，接收滤波单元首先将接收到的上行光信号转换成电信号，然后将电信号通过高频和低频滤波分离成独立的两路电信号，并同时对电信号进行放大、模数转换和采样。其中，高频滤波分离出的一路信号为上行业务数据，低频滤波分离出的另一路信号为上行调制系数，AMCC信号或者下行OSNR值。然后调制深度检测单元利用数字信号处理技术计算出传输后的上行调制系数。OSNR计算单元根据接收到的上行调制系数和传输后的上行调制系数可以计算出上行的OSNR值，然后将上行OSNR值随AMCC信号一起传输给调制单元。下行OSNR值则上传给OSNR分析单元，OSNR分析单元将判断下行OSNR值是否在规定误码率区间内，如果下行OSNR值大于OSNR区间最大值，则控制调制系数控制单元降低调制单元的调制系数MI；如果下行OSNR值下于OSNR区间最小值，则控制调制系数控制单元增加调制单元的调制系数MI。
本公开是基于调顶技术，通过光信噪比监测来调整调制系数来改善业务信号和AMCC信号的光信噪比，流程可参照如图9所示的示意图。包括：
步骤901：通过OLT设备侧的发送单元加载下行调制系数到下行业务中，并发送到ONU设备。
在系统运行中，首先需要规定下行通道的光信噪比区间OSNR的最大值和最小值(MAX：MIN)。由OLT设备侧的发送单元加载下行调制系数到下行业务信号中，并发送给ONU设备侧；其中，当AMCC的功率值刚好达到能被接收机检测恢复的最小灵敏度时，此时AMCC信号的OSNR值为最大值MAX；当AMCC的功率值大小刚好使得业务信号接收灵敏度下降到可接受的 最大值时，此时的AMCC信号的OSNR值为最小值MIN。
步骤902：在ONU设备侧的接收端，对接收的下行调制系数进行恢复，并由调制深度检测单元解析出传输后的调制系数，由OSNR计算单元计算出最终的下行OSNR值，再由ONU设备侧的发送端将该下行光信噪比值发送到OLT设备侧。
步骤903：OLT设备侧的接收端对下行光信噪比值进行恢复后，发送至光信噪比分析单元，由该单元判断光信噪比OSNR是否在规定的区间值内。
步骤904：当OSNR大于区间值的最大值MAX，说明下行光信噪比偏大，接收到的伪随机信号幅值过小，调制系数过低，需要将调制系数MI增大1％；然后重新发送调制系数重复步骤901～903，直到OSNR不大于MAX时进入步骤905。
步骤905：如果OSNR小于最小值MIN，则说明下行光信噪比偏小，接收到的伪随机信号幅度过大，调制系数过高，会导致业务信号光信噪比增加，需要将调制系数MI减小1％；然后重新发送调制系数重复步骤901～905，直到OSNR不小于MIN时，进入步骤906。
步骤906：结束光信噪比测试，停止发送调制系数。
以上介绍的是OLT设备到ONU设备的下行传输链路的质量反馈机制，下面将进一步介绍ONU设备到OLT设备的上行传输链路的质量反馈机制，流程可参照如图10所示的示意图。包括：
步骤1001：通过ONU设备侧的发送单元加载上行调制系数到上行业务中，并发送到OLT设备。
在系统运行中，首先需要规定上行通道的光信噪比区间OSNR的最大值和最小值(MAX：MIN)。由ONU设备侧的发送单元加载上行调制系数到上行业务信号中，并发送给OLT设备侧；其中，当AMCC的功率值刚好达到能被接收机检测恢复的最小灵敏度时，此时AMCC信号的OSNR值为最大值MAX；当AMCC的功率值大小刚好使得业务信号接收灵敏度下降到可接受的最大值时，此时的AMCC信号的OSNR值为最小值MIN。
步骤1002：在OLT设备侧的接收端，对接收的上行调制系数进行恢复，并由调制深度检测单元解析出传输后的调制系数，由OSNR计算单元计算出 最终的上行OSNR值，再由OLT设备侧的发送端将该上行光信噪比值发送到ONU设备侧。
步骤1003：ONU设备侧的接收端对上行光信噪比值进行恢复后，发送该光信噪比分析单元，由该单元判断光信噪比OSNR是否在规定的区间值内。
步骤1004：当OSNR大于区间值的最大值MAX，说明上行光信噪比偏大，接收到的伪随机信号幅值过小，调制系数过低，需要将调制系数MI增大1％；然后重新发送调制系数重复步骤1001～1003，直到OSNR不大于MAX时进入步骤1005。
步骤1005：如果OSNR小于最小值MIN，则说明上行光信噪比偏小，接收到的伪随机信号幅度过大，调制系数过高，会导致业务信号光信噪比增加，需要将调制系数MI减小1％；然后重新发送调制系数重复步骤1001～1005，直到OSNR不小于MIN时，进入步骤1006。
步骤1006：结束光信噪比测试，停止发送调制系数。
为了监测系统上下行光信噪比，及时调整调制系数，降低调制系数带来的影响，系统将每间隔一段时间对整条信道进行光信噪比分析。其中，在光信噪比监测的过程中，AMCC信号不用停止传输，测试误码采用调制系数码。由OLT设备侧发送下行调制系数，在ONU设备侧的装置接收并分析光信噪比，并将下行光信噪比上传到OLT设备侧的接收端。OLT设备侧根据接收的下行光信噪比进行判断分析。当监测到下行光信噪比接近或超过上限值，则通过反馈单元增加发射端的调制系数；当监测到下行光信噪比接近或超过下限值，则通过反馈单元降低发射端的调制系数。并由ONU设备侧发送上行调制系数码，在OLT设备侧的装置接收并分析上行光信噪比，并将光信噪比上传到ONU设备侧的接收端。ONU设备侧根据接收的上行光信噪比进行判断分析。当监测到上行光信噪比接近或超过上限值，则通过反馈单元增加发射端的调制系数；当监测到上行光信噪比接近或超过下限值，则通过反馈单元降低发射端的调制系数，从而完成动态监控调制系数，改善业务信号和AMCC信号的光信噪比。
实施例十一
通过以上的实施方式的描述，本领域的技术人员可以清楚地了解到根据上述实施例的方法可借助软件加必需的通用硬件平台的方式来实现，当然也可以 通过硬件，但很多情况下前者是更佳的实施方式。基于这样的理解，本公开的技术方案本质上或者说对相关技术做出贡献的部分可以以软件产品的形式体现出来，该计算机软件产品存储在一个存储介质(如ROM/RAM、磁碟、光盘)中，包括若干指令用以使得一台终端设备(可以是手机，计算机，服务器，或者网络设备等)执行本公开各个实施例所述的方法。
本公开的实施例还提供了一种存储介质。可选地，在本实施例中，上述存储介质可以被设置为存储用于执行以下步骤的程序代码：
S1，将待传输的光调顶信号的测试信号发送至接收端；
S2，接收该接收端对测试信号处理后反馈的信道质量参数；
S3，根据接收端反馈的信道质量参数，调整光调顶信号的调制系数；
S4，将通过调整后的调制系数调制后的光调顶信号发送至接收端。
可选地，在本实施例中，上述存储介质可以包括但不限于：U盘、只读存储器(ROM，Read-Only Memory)、随机存取存储器(RAM，Random Access Memory)、移动硬盘、磁碟或者光盘等各种可以存储程序代码的介质。
可选地，在本实施例中，处理器根据存储介质中已存储的程序代码执行上述实施例记载的方法步骤。
可选地，本实施例中的示例可以参考上述实施例及可选实施方式中所描述的示例，本实施例在此不再赘述。
显然，本领域的技术人员应该明白，上述的本公开的各模块或各步骤可以用通用的计算装置来实现，它们可以集中在单个的计算装置上，或者分布在多个计算装置所组成的网络上，可选地，它们可以用计算装置可执行的程序代码来实现，从而，可以将它们存储在存储装置中由计算装置来执行，并且在某些情况下，可以以不同于此处的顺序执行所示出或描述的步骤，或者将它们分别制作成各个集成电路模块，或者将它们中的多个模块或步骤制作成单个集成电路模块来实现。这样，本公开不限制于任何特定的硬件和软件结合。
以上所述的是本公开的可选实施方式，应当指出对于本技术领域的普通人员来说，在不脱离本公开所述的原理前提下还可以作出若干改进和润饰，这些改进和润饰也在本公开的保护范围内。
工业实用性
在本公开的技术方案中，通过发送端向接收端发送伪随机码，以使接收端根据该伪随机码与接收端生成的本地码之间的对比处理，得到发送端到接收端之间传输链路的误码率并反馈至发送端。发送端进一步根据该误码率调整待传输的光调顶信号的调制系数，以提高光调顶信号中各个信号的可靠性和灵敏度，并降低对应的误码率。

Claims (15)

  1. 一种光调顶信号的传输方法，应用于发送端，包括：
    将待传输的光调顶信号的测试信号发送至接收端；
    接收所述接收端对所述测试信号处理后反馈的信道质量参数，其中所述信道质量参数为所述发送端到接收端的传输链路的质量参数；
    根据所述接收端反馈的信道质量参数，调整所述光调顶信号的调制系数；
    将通过调整后的调制系数调制后的光调顶信号发送至所述接收端。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的光调顶信号的传输方法，其中，所述测试信号包括伪随机序列；其中，将待传输的光调顶信号的测试信号发送至接收端的步骤包括：
    根据待传输的光调顶信号当前的参考调制系数，对伪随机序列进行调制处理；
    将调制处理后的伪随机序列发送至接收端。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的光调顶信号的传输方法，其中，接收所述接收端对所述测试信号处理后反馈的信道质量参数的步骤包括：
    接收所述接收端根据所述伪随机序列和所述接收端生成的本地码计算得到并反馈的误码率，其中，所述本地码为与所述伪随机序列同步的伪随机码，所述误码率为发送端到接收端的传输链路的误码率。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的光调顶信号的传输方法，其中，根据所述接收端反馈的信道质量参数，调整所述光调顶信号的调制系数的步骤包括：
    当所述接收端反馈的误码率低于第一阈值时，提高所述光调顶信号的调制系数；
    当所述接收端反馈的误码率高于第二阈值时，降低所述光调顶信号的调制系数；
    当所述接收端反馈的误码率处于所述第一阈值和所述第二阈值之间时，确定当前的调制系数为所述光调顶信号的调制系数。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的光调顶信号的传输方法，其中，所述测试信号包括：辅助管理和控制信道AMCC信号，以及待传输光调顶信号当前的参考调制系数；将待传输的光调顶信号的测试信号发送至接收端的步骤包括：
    根据所述参考调制系数，对所述AMCC信号进行调制处理；
    将经调制处理后的AMCC信号和所述参考调制系数发送至接收端。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的光调顶信号的传输方法，其中，接收所述接收端对所述测试信号处理后反馈的信道质量参数的步骤包括：
    接收所述接收端对接收到的AMCC信号和参考调制系数计算处理后反馈的光信噪比，其中，所述光信噪比为发送端到接收端的传输链路的光信噪比。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的光调顶信号的传输方法，其中，根据所述接收端反馈的信道质量参数，调整所述光调顶信号的调制系数的步骤包括：
    当所述接收端反馈的光信噪比低于第三阈值时，提高所述光调顶信号的调制系数；
    当所述接收端反馈的光信噪比高于第四阈值时，降低所述光调顶信号的调制系数；
    当所述接收端反馈的光信噪比处于所述第三阈值和所述第四阈值之间时，确定当前的调制系数为所述光调顶信号的调制系数。
  8. 一种光调顶信号的传输方法，应用于接收端，包括：
    接收发送端发送的待传输的光调顶信号的测试信号；
    根据所述测试信号，计算所述发送端到接收端的传输链路的信道质量参数并反馈至发送端，以使所述发送端根据所述信道质量参数调整光调顶信号的调制系数；
    接收所述接收端通过调整后的调制系数调制后发送的光调顶信号。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的光调顶信号的传输方法，其中，接收发送端发送的待传输的光调顶信号的测试信号的步骤包括：
    接收发送端发送的伪随机序列码；其中，所述伪随机序列码为所述发送端根据待传输的光调顶信号当前的参考调制系数调制处理后发送的。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的光调顶信号的传输方法，其中，根据所述测试信号，计算所述发送端到接收端的传输链路的信道质量参数并反馈至发送端的步骤包括：
    根据所述伪随机序列码与所述接收端生成的本地码，计算得到所述发送端到接收端的传输链路的误码率；其中，所述本地码为与所述伪随机序列同步的伪随机码；
    将所述误码率反馈至所述发送端。
  11. 根据权利要求8所述的光调顶信号的传输方法，其中，接收发送端发送的待传输的光调顶信号的测试信号的步骤包括：
    接收发送端发送的辅助管理和控制信道AMCC信号，以及待传输光调顶信号当前的参考调制系数；其中，所述AMCC信号为经所述参考调制系数调制处理后发送的。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的光调顶信号的传输方法，其中，根据所述测试信号，计算所述发送端到接收端的传输链路的信道质量参数并反馈至发送端的步骤包括：
    根据接收到的AMCC信号，计算得到经发送端到接收端的传输链路传输后的测试调制系数；
    根据所述测试调制系数和所述参考调制系数，计算所述发送端到接收端的传输链路的光信噪比；
    将所述光信噪比反馈至所述发送端。
  13. 一种光调顶信号的传输装置，应用于发送端，包括：
    第一发送模块，设置为将待传输的光调顶信号的测试信号发送至接收端；
    第一接收模块，设置为接收所述接收端对所述测试信号处理后反馈的信道质量参数，其中所述信道质量参数为所述发送端到接收端的传输链路的质量参数；
    第一处理模块，设置为根据所述接收端反馈的信道质量参数，调整所述光调顶信号的调制系数；
    第二发送模块，设置为将通过调整后的调制系数调制后的光调顶信号发送至所述接收端。
  14. 一种光调顶信号的传输装置，应用于接收端，包括：
    第二接收模块，设置为接收发送端发送的待传输的光调顶信号的测试信号；
    第二处理模块，设置为根据所述测试信号，计算所述发送端到接收端的传输链路的信道质量参数并反馈至发送端，以使所述发送端根据所述信道质量参数调整光调顶信号的调制系数；
    第三接收模块，设置为接收所述接收端通过调整后的调制系数调制后发送 的光调顶信号。
  15. 一种存储介质，所述存储介质包括存储的程序，所述程序运行时执行权利要求1至7或8至15中任一项所述的方法。
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