WO2017162196A1 - Module de conversion thermoélectrique, nouveau moteur à combustion interne, nouveau moteur électrique et procédé de génération d'énergie - Google Patents

Module de conversion thermoélectrique, nouveau moteur à combustion interne, nouveau moteur électrique et procédé de génération d'énergie Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017162196A1
WO2017162196A1 PCT/CN2017/077953 CN2017077953W WO2017162196A1 WO 2017162196 A1 WO2017162196 A1 WO 2017162196A1 CN 2017077953 W CN2017077953 W CN 2017077953W WO 2017162196 A1 WO2017162196 A1 WO 2017162196A1
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energy
conversion module
thermoelectric conversion
heat
cooling system
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PCT/CN2017/077953
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English (en)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
刘光辰
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刘光辰
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Priority to CN201780003054.5A priority Critical patent/CN108028305A/zh
Publication of WO2017162196A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017162196A1/fr

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10N—ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10N10/00—Thermoelectric devices comprising a junction of dissimilar materials, i.e. devices exhibiting Seebeck or Peltier effects
    • H10N10/80—Constructional details

Definitions

  • Thermoelectric conversion module new internal combustion engine, new type of motor and power generation method
  • the present invention relates to the field of thermoelectric power generation, internal combustion engines, and electric machines.
  • thermoelectric conversion module also called a thermoelectric material, a thermoelectric semiconductor, etc.
  • thermoelectric conversion module also called a thermoelectric material, a thermoelectric semiconductor, etc.
  • energy conversion no chemical reaction or fluid medium, no moving parts, no noise, no wear, no media leakage, no harmful emissions, small size, light weight, easy to move, stable operation, high reliability, long life, etc.
  • thermal contact surfaces (including hot and cold surfaces) of the existing thermoelectric conversion modules are mainly sintered flat alumina ceramics, which have high planar processing requirements and high cost.
  • the inner baffles are made of straight-plate metal (mainly copper) baffles, and the thermal stress generated during sudden temperature changes cannot be effectively released, which takes into account the life of the thermoelectric conversion module, resulting in module size and its internal semiconductor. The limited number ultimately results in limited power for the thermoelectric conversion module. Moreover, the diffusion between the materials of the baffle and the semiconductor (such as soldering) will affect the performance of the semiconductor material, and the diffusion prevention layer is used to suppress the diffusion, which increases the thermal resistance of the module and reduces the efficiency.
  • the Chinese Patent Publication No. CN 2779623 Y discloses a cooling chip structure based on a curved surface, and the improvement of the thermoelectric conversion module is that the thermal contact surface is curved and replaced by a plastically strong metal substrate.
  • thermoelectric module expands the application range of the thermoelectric module, but the patent document does not mention any improvement to the baffle, and there are still module life, size and power caused by the thermal stress problem of the straight plate-shaped metal baffle. Restricted problems, as well as diffusion problems between materials and thermal resistance and efficiency issues, and their increased insulation attached to the entire surface of the substrate also increases the thermal resistance of the module.
  • the efficiency of the existing internal combustion engine is low, and the high-temperature and high-pressure gas is generated after the fuel is burned.
  • the energy of the high-temperature and high-pressure gas can be roughly divided into two parts: high-pressure gas and heat energy.
  • the internal combustion engine only uses part of the energy of the high-pressure gas to drive the piston to perform external work.
  • the mechanical energy is output, and the thermal energy is not utilized; the heat energy that is not utilized is divided into two parts: waste heat and harmful heat energy, wherein the waste heat is the high temperature and high pressure exhaust gas discharged from the engine, and the harmful heat energy refers to the heat energy that raises the temperature of the internal combustion engine cylinder after the fuel burns, and Excessive internal combustion engine cylinder temperature will hinder
  • the gas turbine operates normally, and thus the cooling system is required to cool the cylinder of the internal combustion engine, thereby consuming energy or resources to drive the operation of the cooling system, and most of the energy consumed by the cooling system is directly or indirectly derived from the mechanical energy output of the internal combustion engine, thereby reducing the
  • the effective mechanical energy output of the internal combustion engine reduces the efficiency of the internal combustion engine.
  • the mechanical energy of the effective output of the internal combustion engine can be increased only by increasing the displacement of the internal combustion engine, and the large displacement internal combustion engine necessarily brings higher emission pollution.
  • the Chinese patent document with the publication number CN 1625026 A discloses a piston internal combustion linear generator. Like the conventional internal combustion engine, only the high temperature and high pressure gas generated by the combustion of the fuel in the combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine is used to work on the piston, and there is no mention. The homogenization of the high-pressure gas generated after the combustion of the fuel brings about an increase in the temperature of the cylinder of the internal combustion engine and countermeasures, and naturally, the thermal energy of the high-temperature cylinder is not utilized.
  • the Chinese Patent Publication No. CN 102425499 A discloses a free-piston internal combustion linear generator with a controllable stop point. Like the conventional internal combustion engine, only the high-pressure gas generated after the combustion of the fuel is used to push the piston to work. In the case of power generation, there is no mention of the increase in the temperature of the cylinder of the internal combustion engine and the countermeasures for the high-pressure gas generated after the combustion of the fuel, and naturally, the heat energy of the high-temperature cylinder is not utilized.
  • the conversion efficiency is less than 100%, and most of the wasted energy is released in the form of heat energy, and some heat energy is discharged in the form of waste heat energy. Another part of the heat stored in the equipment will cause the internal temperature of the equipment to rise, which will affect the normal operation of the equipment. Therefore, such equipment is equipped with a cooling system for heat dissipation, so that the equipment can operate under suitable temperature conditions.
  • the heat energy that needs to be dissipated in the equipment is called harmful heat energy.
  • the harmful heat energy is not used or the utilization efficiency is very low, and more energy and resources are needed to drive the operation of the cooling system, while reducing the efficiency of energy conversion, further Causes waste of energy and resources.
  • Internal combustion engines and electric motors are typical energy conversion equipments. They are widely used and have a large amount of energy. The resulting energy waste is also very impressive.
  • thermoelectric conversion module limits the module size and power, and reduces the conversion efficiency.
  • thermoelectric conversion module is applied in the field of thermoelectric power generation, and the power generation efficiency is related to the temperature difference between the two sides of the thermoelectric conversion module. If a sufficient temperature difference is to be maintained in a thin thickness of several millimeters, the heat source and the high-efficiency heat sink are not stable;
  • the energy conversion device equipped with the cooling system satisfies the above-mentioned stable heat source and efficient heat dissipation conditions; or a passive and efficient cooling system can be used in the vicinity of waste heat energy;
  • thermoelectric conversion module with a thermally conductive contact surface is not suitable for installation and use with the above energy conversion device, and the heat conduction contact surface of the existing thermoelectric conversion module is changed from a plane to a curved surface to suit the heat source of the above energy conversion device. Surface; and replacing the existing rigid baffle with a thermal stress-resistant baffle inside the thermoelectric conversion module, the thermal stress of the thermoelectric conversion module inside the temperature change ⁇ can be released;
  • thermoelectric conversion module with a thermally conductive contact surface as a curved surface cooperates with a stable heat source and a cooling system of the energy conversion device to realize waste heat generation, utilize harmful heat energy to generate electricity, and reduce the heat dissipation power of the cooling system.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the existing thermoelectric conversion module, the energy waste and the low efficiency of the existing internal combustion engine technology and the motor technology, and provide a thermoelectric conversion module, a new internal combustion engine, and a new motor. And the power generation method can expand the application range of the thermoelectric conversion module, realize the harm to the treasure, improve the energy conversion efficiency of the internal combustion engine and the motor, and achieve the effect of energy saving and emission reduction.
  • thermoelectric conversion module includes one or more technical features of a curved surface thermal conductive contact surface and a thermal stress resistant deflector. among them:
  • the curved surface thermal conductive contact surface refers to a thermal conductive contact surface (including a hot surface and a cold surface) of the thermoelectric conversion module
  • Surfaces including simple surfaces and complex surfaces, including simple curved surfaces, such as cylindrical surfaces, partial cylindrical surfaces, round mesas, partial circular mesas, spherical surfaces, and partial spherical surfaces; complex surfaces include more than one simple surface Or a combination of planes, and other complex surfaces such as saddle surfaces.
  • the basic schematic diagram of the curved thermoelectric conversion module is the same as the basic principle of the existing thermoelectric conversion module, including the baffle 101, the N-type semiconductor material 102, the P-type semiconductor material 103, and the existing thermoelectric conversion module. The difference is that the heat conducting contact surface 104 of the baffle 101 is a curved surface. Since the heating elements in the various energy conversion devices are mostly cylindrical, the cylindrical surface or the partial cylindrical surface is one of the curved surface shapes used in the above curved surface.
  • the thermal stress-resistant baffle means that the middle section of each baffle inside the thermoelectric conversion module is a flexible material or a rigid material capable of releasing a thermal stress structure, and the material property of the baffle is good for heat conduction and conduction, including Metal or non-metallic materials such as copper and single or multi-layer graphene.
  • a baffle can be divided into three parts: the two ends of the baffle are respectively connected with two adjacent semiconductor materials, which have both heat conduction and conduction functions, and are not only responsible for heat conduction between the connected semiconductor and the outside, but also responsible for Conductive between adjacent two semiconductors, called the thermally conductive portion; the middle portion of the deflector is a rigid material that is a flexible material or a heat-releasing structure, and the two thermally conductive portions are connected together, responsible for Conductive between the thermally conductive parts, called the conductive part, the conductive part can be slightly deformed after temperature changes to release the thermal stress of its own thermal expansion and contraction; such as the traditional copper straight baffle and add a middle in the middle Bending, as shown in Fig.
  • the baffle 201+202+203 is an integral copper plate, and a bend 202 is added in the middle, and the bend 202 is a releasable thermal stress structure, which can release its own heat after temperature changes. stress.
  • the heat-resistant stress deflector can effectively release the thermal stress generated by the temperature change of the baffle, substantially eliminate the damage of the thermal stress to the entire thermoelectric conversion module, greatly extend the service life of the thermoelectric conversion module, and simultaneously increase the same thermoelectricity. Converting the number of semiconductors inside the module, thereby increasing the output voltage and power of a single thermoelectric conversion module.
  • the C application may be independent of the shape of the thermally conductive contact surface, and the thermoelectric conversion module having a thermally conductive contact surface of a curved surface or a flat surface may be a thermal stress-resistant baffle.
  • thermoelectric conversion module is provided with an anti-diffusion layer between the baffle and the semiconductor material, including adding a non-diffusion material or performing surface treatment, that is, anti-diffusion treatment, on the contact surface of the connection (including soldering) to prevent
  • a non-diffusion material or performing surface treatment that is, anti-diffusion treatment
  • the contact surface of the connection including soldering
  • the thermal stress-resistant baffle is composed of a heat-conducting conductive portion 201, a conductive portion 202, and a thermally conductive portion 203, and the heat-conductive conductive portion 201 is responsible for the N.
  • the type semiconductor 204 is thermally conductive to the outside and requires good heat conduction, and is responsible for conducting electricity between the N-type semiconductor 204 and the P-type semiconductor 205 and requiring good electrical conduction; the thermally conductive portion 203 is responsible for conducting heat between the P-type semiconductor and the outside and requires good heat conduction.
  • the conductor is electrically conductive between the P-type semiconductor 205 and the N-type semiconductor 204 and requires good electrical conductivity; the conductive portion 202 is a flexible conductive material responsible for conducting electricity between the thermally conductive conductive portions 201 and 203, since the conductive portion 202 is a flexible material. In the case where the thermally conductive conductive portions 201 and 203 are fixedly mounted to the external contact surface, respectively, the thermal stress generated by the temperature change of the entire baffle is released.
  • the thermally conductive portion 201, the conductive portion 202 and the thermally conductive portion 203 are tightly connected or welded together as a whole, and the three materials may be of the same or different materials, requiring good electrical conductivity;
  • An anti-diffusion layer 206 is interposed between the thermally conductive portion and the semiconductor.
  • thermoelectric conversion module includes the following forms:
  • the curved surface thermal conductive contact surface and the thermal stress-resistant baffle are the basic components of the thermoelectric conversion module, wherein the thermal conductive contact surfaces 207, 305 and 307 are curved surfaces;
  • the deflector 313 is a flexible baffle, and the baffle composed of the thermally conductive portions 201, 203 and the conductive portion 202 is flexible.
  • the contact surface of the thermal conductive ceramic sheets 404, 405 with the outside is a planar contact surface
  • the deflector 403 is The flexible baffle; further, the thermal conductive ceramic sheets 404 and 405 can be removed under the premise of ensuring the sealing and insulation of the entire thermoelectric conversion module, and the flexible insulating material is installed between the baffle 403 and the external heat conducting contact surface. use. It can have better thermal conductivity and improve thermoelectric conversion efficiency;
  • thermoelectric conversion module can be used for cooling or temperature difference power generation.
  • thermoelectric conversion module except in a special environment (such as the whole module working in a liquid), is not recommended to use a conventional ceramic chip package under the premise of ensuring sealing and insulation, which increases thermal resistance and increases cost.
  • the cost of the curved ceramic piece is greatly increased and the thermal contact surface is not easily matched, resulting in an increase in thermal resistance and a decrease in thermoelectric conversion efficiency.
  • the thermoelectric conversion module directly seals or sandwiches a heat conductive material and closely adheres to a heat contact surface of each of the fins of the cold surface and the hot surface of the heat and heat exchange module, so that the thermoelectric conversion module is closely attached to each other.
  • the thermoelectric conversion module has good thermal conductivity with the outside; when the external contact surface is a conductor, it must be sandwiched with a heat conductive material and insulated and thermally conductive.
  • thermoelectric conversion module After the thermoelectric conversion module is installed, the following sealing scheme may be adopted: all edges of the module are sealed (retaining necessary leads); wherein the inside of the sealing area can maintain the cavity, when the operating temperature of the thermoelectric conversion module A wide range of changes can be added to the two-way pressure valve to balance the internal and external pressure of the module to prevent liquid, steam, dust, grease, iron filings and other debris from entering the thermoelectric conversion module, resulting in performance degradation or failure; internal cavity area is also available Insulation is filled with insulation.
  • thermoelectric conversion module satisfies working conditions (such as temperature and vibration) in a use environment.
  • thermoelectric conversion module 303 is interposed between the heat source 301 and the cooling system 302, wherein the heat source surface 304 of the heat source 301 and the hot surface contact surface 305 of the thermoelectric conversion module 303 are a pair of conformable curved surfaces.
  • the surface of the hot surface contact surface 305 is coated with an insulating and thermally conductive layer 306; the cold surface contact surface 307 of the thermoelectric conversion module 303 and the heat collecting surface 308 of the cooling system 302 are a pair of conformable curved surfaces, and the surface of the cold surface contact surface 307 is buckled.
  • thermoelectric conversion module 303 There is an insulated heat conducting cap 309; the heat source 301 and the cooling system 302 clamp and fix the thermoelectric conversion module 303 to maintain a uniform preset pressure value so that all the contact surfaces are in close contact with each other.
  • the heat inside the thermoelectric conversion module 303 flows along the heat flow direction 31 0, thereby forming a voltage between the two ends 311 and 312 of the thermoelectric conversion module to supply power to the outside.
  • the thermoelectric conversion module is composed of a plurality of pairs of semiconductor materials connected in series or in series and parallel in application.
  • the N-type semiconductor material 401 and the P-type semiconductor material 402 are connected by a baffle 403, wherein the middle portion of the baffle 403
  • the baffle 403 is attached to the ceramic piece 404, and the bonding surface has good thermal conductivity.
  • the thermoelectric conversion module is used as a cooling fin
  • the lead 406 and the lead 407 are external power input terminals
  • the thermoelectric conversion module is used as The temperature difference is a bit
  • the lead 406 and the lead 407 are the external power supply output terminals.
  • the thermoelectric conversion module with flexible baffle has excellent thermal conductivity and long service life.
  • thermoelectric conversion module of the present invention The positive significance of the thermoelectric conversion module of the present invention is that the application range of the thermoelectric conversion module is extended from the plane to the curved surface, and the flexible deflector replaces the rigid deflector, thereby expanding the application range of the thermoelectric conversion module.
  • the extension of the life span increases the heat transfer efficiency of the module, and can increase the output voltage and power of the single thermoelectric conversion module. It is of great help to the use of waste heat energy generation, especially the use of harmful thermal power generation to achieve energy saving. row.
  • the invention provides a novel internal combustion engine characterized in that a thermoelectric power generation device is installed between the outer wall of the internal combustion engine cylinder and the cooling system.
  • the internal combustion engine refers to a heat engine that directly converts the released heat energy into mechanical energy by burning the fuel therein.
  • the cylinder of the internal combustion engine refers to a heat generating portion of the internal combustion engine including a combustion chamber.
  • the cooling system refers to a device for reducing the temperature of the cylinder block of the internal combustion engine, and means for reducing the cold surface temperature of the thermoelectric conversion module in the thermoelectric power generation device after installing the thermoelectric power generation device.
  • the utility model comprises a liquid circulation cooling system, a forced air cooling system and a natural air cooling device, wherein: the heat collecting section of the cooling system (such as the water jacket of the existing liquid cooling internal combustion engine) can be integrated with the cylinder block of the internal combustion engine, or a split structure.
  • the split cylinder and cooling system can be made of different materials.
  • the new internal combustion engine can provide mechanical energy and electric energy to the outside world in stable operation, and the electric energy is converted from the thermal energy of the high temperature cylinder working in the internal combustion engine, and the stable operation means that the cooling system has reached The preset temperature range.
  • thermoelectric power generation device generates power by using a temperature difference between a high temperature of the external wall of the internal combustion engine working cylinder and a relatively low temperature of the cooling system.
  • thermoelectric power generation device is installed between the outer wall of the cylinder of the internal combustion engine and the heat collecting section of the cooling system.
  • thermoelectric power generation device includes one or more thermoelectric conversion modules, and includes at least one thermoelectric conversion module according to the first aspect of the present invention, and electrical connections of outputs of different thermoelectric conversion modules may be used. More than one connection method described:
  • thermoelectric conversion module and the outer wall of the internal combustion engine cylinder are sandwiched with a heat conductive material and closely adhered to each other, so that the heat conduction between the outer wall of the cylinder and the hot surface of the thermoelectric conversion module is good; the cold surface of the thermoelectric conversion module
  • the heat-conducting material is sandwiched between the heat collecting surface of the cooling system and is closely adhered to ensure good heat conduction between the cold surface of the thermoelectric conversion module and the heat collecting surface of the cooling system.
  • the heat conductive material when the material of the heat collecting surface of the cylinder or the cooling system is a conductor (such as a metal material), the heat conductive material must use an insulating material; when the heat collecting surface of the cylinder or the cooling system is made of an insulating material (such as Ceramic) ⁇ , the above thermal conductive material does not need to use insulating materials.
  • the heat conductive material is preferably a flexible heat conductive material, which not only can release thermal stress, but also can improve the heat conduction effect, especially the surface of the bonding surface is a curved surface, and the flexible heat conductive material faces the cylinder surface and the cooling system heat collecting surface. The slight processing error can partially compensate.
  • the above flexible thermally conductive material comprises a phase change thermally conductive material.
  • thermoelectric conversion module and the heat collecting section of the cooling system are installed together, the edges of all the thermoelectric conversion modules are sealed (retaining necessary outer leads).
  • the inside of the sealing area can maintain the cavity, or a two-way pressure valve can be installed to balance the internal and external pressure of the module to prevent foreign matter such as liquid, steam, dust, grease, iron filings from entering the module, resulting in performance degradation or failure; the internal cavity of the module is also available. Insulation is filled with insulation.
  • thermoelectric conversion module the heat conductive material, the sealing material, and the filling material satisfy the high temperature and vibration requirements of the environment in which the internal combustion engine is used.
  • a temperature sensor such as a thermocouple may be mounted on the outer wall of the cylinder of the internal combustion engine, or inside the thermoelectric conversion module, or on the two bonding surfaces, and the number of the temperature sensors is zero or more. .
  • the temperature sensor is used for measuring the external temperature of the cylinder wall of the internal combustion engine, the inside of the thermoelectric power generation device, and the multi-point temperature of the bonding surface, and further adjusting the temperature of the cylinder block of the internal combustion engine by adjusting the output power of the thermoelectric power generation device and the heat dissipation power of the cooling system. Maintained within the preset temperature range.
  • thermoelectric power generation device controller may be equipped with a separate thermoelectric power generation device controller, or a control function for the thermoelectric power generation device may be added to other controllers in the system for controlling and adjusting the output voltage and current of the thermoelectric power generation device.
  • the output power control function of the thermoelectric power generation device is added to the ECU of the fuel vehicle, and the output parameter of the thermoelectric power generation device is adjusted according to the measurement data of the temperature sensor.
  • one or more pairs of terminal mounting positions are reserved for wiring of the external lead wires of the thermoelectric conversion module, wherein the binding post and the above cylinder Body and The casing is insulated.
  • the internal combustion engine can be eliminated to provide mechanical energy to the cooling system to reduce the mechanical energy consumption of the internal combustion engine, to improve the effective output mechanical energy of the internal combustion engine, and to change the driving mode of the internal combustion engine cooling system from mechanical energy to electric energy. For example, if the mechanical water pump of the car is changed to an electric water pump, the heat sink fan of the glue is changed to an electric fan.
  • the mechanical energy output end of the internal combustion engine may be further reduced, that is, the internal combustion engine is cancelled to provide mechanical energy to the components thereof, and the effective output mechanical energy of the internal combustion engine is improved, and the supporting device is provided.
  • the driving method of the components is changed from mechanical energy to electric energy.
  • the compressor compressor can be driven from mechanical energy to electric energy drive; The output mechanical energy of a car engine.
  • thermoelectric difference can be directly used for power supply of the auxiliary electric equipment of the internal combustion engine system, or for charging the energy storage system equipped with the internal combustion engine system, such as a 12V or 24V starting battery of a fuel automobile, or a hybrid electric vehicle. Battery pack.
  • the positive significance of a novel internal combustion engine disclosed in the present invention is that part of the harmful heat energy of the internal combustion engine is used to generate electricity, reduce the cooling power of the cooling system, improve the efficiency of the internal combustion engine, and save energy and reduce emissions.
  • the invention provides a novel electric machine characterized in that a thermoelectric power generation device is installed between the motor housing and the cooling system.
  • the motor refers to an electromagnetic device that converts electrical energy and mechanical energy according to the law of electromagnetic induction, and includes a motor that converts electrical energy into mechanical energy and a generator that converts mechanical energy into electrical energy.
  • the motor casing refers to a heat generating portion of the casing of the motor, and if necessary, a high-temperature heat conductive material (such as a heat pipe or the like) can be used to transfer the high temperature inside the motor to the casing.
  • a high-temperature heat conductive material such as a heat pipe or the like
  • the cooling system refers to a device for reducing the temperature of the motor casing, and means for reducing the cold surface temperature of the thermoelectric conversion module in the thermoelectric power generation device after installing the thermoelectric power generation device.
  • a device for reducing the temperature of the motor casing and means for reducing the cold surface temperature of the thermoelectric conversion module in the thermoelectric power generation device after installing the thermoelectric power generation device.
  • liquid circulation cooling system forced air cooling system and natural air cooling device, wherein: the heating section of the cooling system can be integrated with the motor housing or split structure, split motor housing and cooling system Different materials can be used.
  • the new type of motor may additionally provide one or more sets of electric energy after stable operation, and the electric energy The thermal energy of the high temperature housing of the motor operating ram is converted, and the stable operation means that the cooling system has reached a preset temperature range.
  • thermoelectric power generation device generates power by using a temperature difference between a high temperature of an outer wall of the motor casing and a relatively low temperature of the cooling system;
  • thermoelectric power generation device is installed between an outer wall of the motor casing and a heat collecting section of the cooling system.
  • thermoelectric power generation device includes one or more thermoelectric conversion modules, and includes at least one thermoelectric conversion module according to the first aspect of the present invention, and electrical connections of output terminals of different thermoelectric conversion modules may be used. More than one connection method described:
  • thermoelectric conversion module is closely sandwiched between the hot surface of the thermoelectric conversion module and the outer wall of the motor housing, so that the heat conduction between the outer wall of the motor housing and the hot surface of the thermoelectric conversion module is good; the thermoelectric conversion module The cold surface and the cooling surface of the cooling system are sandwiched by a heat conductive material and closely adhered to each other, so that the heat conduction between the cold surface of the thermoelectric conversion module and the heat collecting surface of the cooling system is good.
  • the heat conductive material when the material of the motor casing or the cooling surface of the cooling system is a conductor (such as a metal material), the heat conductive material must use an insulating material; when the heat collecting surface of the motor casing or the cooling system is made of a material Insulating materials (such as ceramics) ⁇ , the above thermal conductive materials do not need to use insulating materials.
  • the heat conductive material is preferably a flexible heat conductive material, which not only can release thermal stress, but also can improve heat conduction effect, in particular, the surface of the bonding surface is a curved surface, the surface of the flexible heat conductive motor shell and the heat collecting surface of the cooling system. The slight processing error can partially compensate.
  • the above flexible thermally conductive material comprises a phase change thermally conductive material.
  • thermoelectric conversion module and the heat collecting section of the cooling system are installed together, the edges of all the thermoelectric conversion modules are sealed (retaining necessary outer leads).
  • the inside of the sealing area can maintain a cavity, or a two-way pressure valve can be installed to balance the internal and external pressure of the module to prevent foreign matter such as liquid, steam, dust, grease, iron filings from entering the thermoelectric conversion module, resulting in performance degradation or failure; It can also be filled with insulating and insulating materials.
  • the thermoelectric conversion module, the heat conductive material, the sealing material and the filling material satisfy the high temperature and vibration requirements of the motor use environment.
  • a temperature sensor such as a thermocouple may be mounted on the outer wall of the motor casing, or inside the thermoelectric conversion module, or the two bonding surfaces, and the number of the temperature sensors is 0 or 1 the above.
  • the temperature sensor is used for measuring the outer wall of the motor casing, the inside of the thermoelectric power generation device, and the multi-point temperature of the bonding surface, and further adjusting the output power of the thermoelectric power generation device and the heat dissipation power of the cooling system to make the motor housing The temperature is maintained within a preset temperature range.
  • thermoelectric power generation device controller may be equipped with a separate thermoelectric power generation device controller, or a control function for the thermoelectric power generation device may be added to other controllers in the system for controlling and adjusting the output voltage and current of the thermoelectric power generation device.
  • Such parameters such as increasing the output power control function of the thermoelectric power generation device in the VCU of the electric vehicle, adjusting the output parameters of the thermoelectric power generation device according to the measurement data of the above temperature sensor
  • one or more pairs of terminal mounting positions are reserved for wiring of the outer leads of the thermoelectric conversion module, wherein the binding posts and the above electric
  • the casing and the casing are insulated.
  • the positive significance of a new type of motor disclosed in the present invention is to utilize part of the harmful heat energy of the motor to generate electricity, reduce the cooling power of the cooling system, improve the efficiency of the motor, and save energy and reduce emissions.
  • the invention provides a power generation method, characterized in that a thermoelectric power generation device is installed between a surface of a heat source and a cooling system, and a high temperature of the surface of the heat source and a relatively low temperature of the cooling system are utilized. The difference between the power generation. among them,
  • the thermal energy of the heat source includes waste heat energy and harmful heat energy, wherein: waste heat energy refers to direct-disposal heat energy that cannot be utilized or is no longer used, such as solar energy, high-temperature exhaust gas of a car, and heat energy discharged from a cooling system of a car; Harmful heat refers to the heat energy released by the energy conversion equipment.
  • waste heat energy refers to direct-disposal heat energy that cannot be utilized or is no longer used, such as solar energy, high-temperature exhaust gas of a car, and heat energy discharged from a cooling system of a car
  • Harmful heat refers to the heat energy released by the energy conversion equipment.
  • the heat must be dissipated through the cooling system to maintain the energy conversion equipment itself or related equipment. For example, if the fuel of a car engine burns and the work of the piston is not used, the heat will not be used. If it does not cool down, it will cause damage to the engine itself.
  • the harmful heat energy also includes thermal energy that cannot be directly utilized due to the temperature being too high, and the heat energy must be reduced to a preset range by a cooling system to utilize the heat energy.
  • the tangible heat source surface can be made using a heat energy collecting device, and then utilized, such as illuminating the aluminum plate with sunlight, the aluminum plate The back side is the heat source surface.
  • the cooling system refers to a device for reducing the surface temperature of the heat source, and means for reducing the cold surface temperature of the thermoelectric conversion module in the thermoelectric power generation device after installing the temperature difference power generating device.
  • liquid circulation cooling system forced air cooling system, natural air cooling and heat pipe.
  • thermoelectric power generation device is installed between the heat source surface of the thermal energy and the cooling system, and generates electricity by using a temperature difference between a high temperature of the heat source surface and a relatively low temperature of the cooling system.
  • thermoelectric power generation device includes one or more thermoelectric conversion modules, and includes at least one thermoelectric conversion module according to the first aspect of the present invention.
  • the electrical connection of the output ends of different thermoelectric conversion modules may be as follows: More than one connection method:
  • thermoelectric conversion module a thermal conductive material is closely sandwiched between the hot surface of the thermoelectric conversion module and the surface of the heat source, so that the heat conduction between the surface of the heat source and the hot surface of the thermoelectric conversion module is good; the cold surface and the cooling system of the thermoelectric conversion module
  • the heat collecting surface is sandwiched between the heat collecting surface and closely adhered to make the heat conduction between the cold surface of the thermoelectric conversion module and the heat collecting surface of the cooling system good.
  • the heat conductive material when the heat source surface or the heat collecting surface of the cooling system is made of a conductor (such as a metal material), the heat conductive material must use an insulating material; when the heat source surface or the heat collecting surface of the cooling system is made of an insulating material (such as Ceramic) ⁇ , the above thermal conductive material does not need to use insulating materials.
  • the heat conductive material is preferably a flexible heat conductive material, which not only can release thermal stress, but also can improve the heat conduction effect, in particular, the bonding surface is a curved surface, and the flexible heat conductive material faces the heat source surface and the cooling system heat collecting surface. The subtle processing error can partially compensate.
  • the above flexible thermally conductive material includes a phase change thermally conductive material.
  • thermoelectric conversion module After the heat source surface, the thermoelectric conversion module, and the heat collecting section of the cooling system are installed together, the edges of all the thermoelectric conversion modules are sealed (retaining the necessary outer leads).
  • the inside of the sealing area can maintain a cavity, or a two-way pressure valve can be installed to balance the internal and external pressure of the module to prevent foreign matter such as liquid, steam, dust, grease, iron filings from entering the thermoelectric conversion module, resulting in performance degradation or failure; It can also be filled with insulating and insulating materials.
  • the operating temperature range of the thermoelectric conversion module, the heat conductive material, the sealing material, and the filling material covers the temperature range of the heat source surface and the cooling system.
  • thermoelectric power generation device satisfies the vibration environment of the working device of the heat source and its accessory equipment.
  • a temperature sensor such as a thermocouple may be mounted on the surface of the heat source, or inside the thermoelectric conversion module, or on the two bonding surfaces, and the number of the temperature sensors is zero or more.
  • the temperature sensor is configured to measure a temperature of the heat source surface, the inside of the thermoelectric power generation device, and the multi-point temperature of the bonding surface, and further maintain the temperature of the motor casing by adjusting the output power of the thermoelectric power generation device and the heat dissipation power of the cooling system. Within the preset temperature range.
  • the power generation system may be equipped with a separate thermoelectric power generation device controller, or may add a control function to the thermoelectric power generation device in other controllers in the related system, for controlling and adjusting the output voltage of the thermoelectric power generation device and Current and other parameters.
  • a separate thermoelectric power generation device controller or may add a control function to the thermoelectric power generation device in other controllers in the related system, for controlling and adjusting the output voltage of the thermoelectric power generation device and Current and other parameters.
  • an output power control function for the thermoelectric power generation device is added, and the output parameter of the thermoelectric power generation device is adjusted based on the measurement data of the temperature sensor.
  • one or more pairs of terminal mounting positions are reserved for wiring of the outer lead of the thermoelectric conversion module, wherein the binding post and the heat source surface and the outer casing insulation.
  • FIG. 5 it is a schematic diagram of energy flow of an existing energy conversion device:
  • the energy conversion device 501 works ⁇
  • the initial energy 502 is sent to the energy conversion device 501, which is limited by technology, has a part of the waste energy 503, and has a part of the harmful heat energy 504.
  • the energy output from the energy conversion device 501 is divided into a part of the cooling system driving energy 505 for driving the cooling system.
  • the remaining energy is the output energy of the energy conversion device 501, the cooling system driving energy 505 is used to drive the cooling system 507 to operate, and the cooling system 507 and the device heat source surface 508 are cooled by heat exchange to cool the device heat source surface 508.
  • the energy flow diagram of the energy conversion device for generating electricity using harmful thermal energy The energy conversion device 601 operates, and the initial energy 602 is sent to the energy conversion device 601, which is limited by technology, and has a part of waste energy 6 03, a part of the harmful heat energy 604, a part of the energy output from the energy conversion device 601 is divided into a cooling system driving energy 605 for driving the energy cooling system to operate, and the remaining energy is the output energy 606 of the energy conversion device 601, the cooling system is driven The energy 605 is used to drive the cooling system 607 to operate.
  • a temperature difference generating device 614 is added between the heat collecting surface of the cooling system 60 7 and the heat source surface of the device.
  • the cooling system 607 cools the cold surface of the thermoelectric power generating device 614 by heat exchange, and then The surface of the heat source of the device is cooled to become the thermal energy of the cooling system 609; as in the prior art, for the waste energy 603, the waste energy 6 10 can be recovered by the non-recovery device, and the remaining waste energy 611 is completely discharged; for the cooling system heat energy 609, The waste heat 612 is recovered by the heat recovery device, and the remaining waste heat is 613 Drained;
  • the temperature difference between the heat collecting surface of the cooling system 607 and the heat source surface 608 of the device causes the thermoelectric power generating device 614 to operate, absorb heat energy, and output electrical energy 615 for utilization.
  • the device heat source When the thermal energy of the surface 608 is constant, the thermoelectric power generation device consumes a part of the thermal energy and is converted into the electric energy 615. Therefore, the temperature of the cold surface of the thermoelectric power generation device is lower than the temperature of the heat source surface 608 of the device, that is, the temperature of the heat collecting surface of the cooling system.
  • the temperature of the original device heat source surface 508 is lower than that of the original device, so the cooling system 607 with lower heat dissipation power can be used instead of the original cooling system 507;
  • the cooling system thermal energy 609 is also reduced, and the portion of the cooling system 509 that is reduced by the original cooling system is 616, resulting in a lower final waste heat 613 than the original waste heat 513;
  • the cooling capacity of the cooling system 607 with low heat dissipation power is reduced compared to the original cooling system 507.
  • the cooling system 607 with low heat dissipation power can be driven only by the lower cooling system driving energy 605, compared with the original cooling system driving energy 505, the saved cooling system driving energy 617, and the saved cooling system driving energy 617 rpm. Energy 618 is output for the added device.
  • the positive significance of a power generation method of the present invention is to use harmful heat energy or waste heat to generate electricity, and to realize the transformation into treasure and turn waste into treasure, while the input energy remains unchanged:
  • the output energy of the device can be increased, that is, the efficiency of the energy conversion device is improved
  • the cooling power of the cooling system can be reduced, that is, the weight, volume and cost of the cooling system are reduced;
  • reducing the weight of the cooling system means that the weight loss itself can further improve the overall energy output rate of the device, such as increasing the battery life, and even reducing the hidden cost and social resources such as reduction. Handling costs, reducing floor space, etc.
  • the input energy can be reduced under the premise of satisfying the application, and the use of less energy means lower emission pollution, that is, energy saving and emission reduction.
  • this invention is of great significance.
  • thermoelectric conversion module The positive significance of the thermoelectric conversion module disclosed in the present invention is that the application range of the thermoelectric conversion module is extended from a plane to a curved surface, and the heat-resistant baffle replaces the rigid baffle, thereby expanding the application range of the thermoelectric conversion module. Extending the life span increases the heat transfer efficiency of the module, and can increase the output voltage and power of a single thermoelectric conversion module, making it possible to use waste heat energy for large-scale generation, especially using harmful heat to generate electricity, and achieve energy saving and emission reduction.
  • the novel internal combustion engine, the novel electric motor, and the power generation method disclosed by the present invention can utilize the above-described thermoelectric conversion module technology to generate electricity by utilizing harmful heat energy of the internal combustion engine, the electric motor, and other energy conversion devices, and waste heat energy.
  • the use of harmful thermal energy to generate electricity can reduce the heat dissipation energy consumption of the cooling system, increase or decrease, significantly improve the energy conversion efficiency, and become a treasure, and the effect is remarkable; using waste heat power generation, due to the integration of an inexpensive cooling system, the realization of the change Waste is treasure.
  • waste heat power generation due to the integration of an inexpensive cooling system, the realization of the change Waste is treasure.
  • internal combustion engines, motors and others Energy conversion equipment that generates waste heat energy and harmful heat energy will still be applied on a large scale, achieving energy conservation and emission reduction at the same time bringing economic and social benefits.
  • thermoelectric conversion module 1 is a schematic view of a curved thermoelectric conversion module
  • thermoelectric conversion module including a thermal stress-resistant baffle
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing the operation of a curved thermoelectric conversion module including a thermal stress-resistant baffle
  • thermoelectric conversion module including a thermal stress-resistant baffle
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of energy flow of a conventional energy conversion device
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of energy flow of an energy conversion device that utilizes harmful thermal energy to generate electricity.
  • thermoelectric conversion module of a curved thermoelectric conversion module including a thermal stress-resistant baffle as shown in FIG. 3, here only a thermoelectric conversion module including a pair of semiconductor materials is taken as an example, the heat source 301 and the cooling A thermoelectric conversion module 303 is interposed between the heat collecting section 302 of the system, wherein the hot surface 304 of the heat source surface 304 and the hot surface of the thermoelectric conversion module 30 3 are a pair of conformable curved surfaces, and the surface of the hot surface contact surface 305 is coated with an insulating and thermally conductive layer.
  • thermoelectric conversion module 303 the cold surface contact surface 307 of the thermoelectric conversion module 303 and the cooling system heat collecting surface 308 are a pair of conformable curved surfaces, and the surface of the cold surface contact surface 307 is fastened with an insulating and heat conducting cap 309; the system works, heat energy flows from the hot surface
  • the cold surface, the thermal energy flow direction 310 generates an electromotive force between the two ends 311 and 312 of the thermoelectric conversion module 303, and can generate electricity externally.
  • the heat conducting contact surfaces 305 and 307 of the thermoelectric conversion module 303 are curved surfaces, and the deflector 313 of the thermoelectric conversion module 303 is a thermal stress-resistant deflector. After the temperature of the thermoelectric conversion module 303 changes, the thermal stress-resistant deflector 313 The middle section can be deformed to effectively release the thermal stress inside the thermoelectric conversion module 303.
  • Embodiment 1 a schematic diagram of a working operation of a thermoelectric conversion module of a curved thermoelectric conversion module including a thermal stress-resistant baffle, as shown in FIG. 3, here, for example, a thermoelectric conversion module including a pair of semiconductor materials is taken as an example.
  • a thermoelectric conversion module 303 is interposed between the heat source 301 and the cooling system heat collecting section 302.
  • the hot surface 305 of the heat source surface 304 and the thermoelectric conversion module 303 is a pair of conformable curved surfaces, and the surface of the hot surface contact surface 305 is coated with The insulating heat conducting layer 306; the cold surface contact surface 307 of the thermoelectric conversion module 303 and the cooling system heat collecting surface 308 are a pair of conformable curved surfaces, and the surface of the cold surface contact surface 307 is fastened with an insulating heat conducting cap 309;
  • the hot surface flows to the cold surface, and the thermal energy flows in the direction 310, and an electromotive force is generated between the both ends 311 and 312 of the thermoelectric conversion module 303 to generate electricity externally.
  • thermoelectric conversion module 303 The heat conducting contact surfaces 305 and 307 of the thermoelectric conversion module 303 are curved surfaces, and the deflector 313 of the thermoelectric conversion module 303 is a thermal stress-resistant deflector. After the temperature of the thermoelectric conversion module 303 changes, the thermal stress-resistant deflector 313 The middle section can be deformed to effectively release the thermal stress inside the thermoelectric conversion module 303.
  • Embodiment 2 a schematic diagram of a planar thermoelectric conversion module including a thermal stress-resistant baffle, as shown in FIG. 4, here only a thermoelectric conversion module including two pairs of semiconductor materials, an N-type semiconductor material 401
  • the P-type semiconductor material 402 is connected through the baffle 403, and the thermal conductive ceramic sheets 404 and 405 are closely adhered to the baffle 403, and the heat conduction is good.
  • the lead wires 406 and the lead wires 407 are the lead wires of the thermoelectric conversion module.
  • the baffle 403 is a thermal stress-resistant baffle, and the thermal conductive contact surfaces of the thermoelectric conversion module are all flat.
  • the thermal conductive ceramic sheets 405 and 405 can be removed under the premise of ensuring the sealing of the entire thermoelectric conversion module and the external insulation, and the flexible insulating and thermally conductive material is added between the baffle 403 and the external heat conducting contact surface. Installation and use. It can have better thermal conductivity and improve thermoelectric conversion efficiency.
  • Embodiment 3 which is applied to a railway electric traction locomotive, uses the harmful heat energy of the ultra high power motor of the railway electric traction locomotive to generate electricity.
  • a thermoelectric power generation device is added between the heating casing of the ultra-high power motor of the railway electric locomotive and the cooling system, wherein the thermoelectric conversion device adopts the thermoelectric conversion module according to the invention, and uses the high temperature of the motor casing and the relative low temperature of the cooling system. Temperature difference power generation.
  • the power generation can be used to power the air conditioner or lighting of the electric locomotive, and also to charge the battery system. It is more convenient to supply power to various weak electric control devices of the motor.
  • Embodiment 4 applied to a hybrid electric vehicle, utilizing a high temperature and cooling system of an engine block The temperature difference between the two generations.
  • a thermoelectric power generation device is added between the outer wall of the cylinder of the engine and the cooling system, wherein the thermoelectric conversion device adopts the thermoelectric conversion module according to the present invention, and generates electricity by using a temperature difference between the high temperature of the cylinder of the engine and the cooling system.
  • the generated energy can be used to charge the battery system. It can cancel the mechanical energy output of the engine to the water pump or the cooling fan, improve the driving torque of the vehicle and extend the pure electric life.
  • Embodiment 5 is applied to a fuel generator to generate electricity by using a high temperature of an internal combustion engine block in a fuel generator and a temperature difference of a cooling system.
  • a thermoelectric power generation device is incorporated between the outer wall of the cylinder of the engine and the cooling system, wherein the thermoelectric conversion device of the present invention uses the thermoelectric conversion module of the present invention to generate electricity by using a temperature difference between the high temperature of the cylinder of the engine and the cooling system.
  • the cooling power of the cooling system can be reduced to reduce the weight of the equipment; it can be used to supply energy to the cooling system, reduce the energy of the engine-driven cooling system, increase the power generation, and improve the efficiency of oil-electricity conversion.
  • thermoelectric conversion has many advantages, but since the thermal stress inside the thermoelectric conversion module cannot be effectively released, the module size and power are limited, and the planar contact surface also limits the application of the thermoelectric conversion module.
  • the curved heat conduction contact surface and the flexible baffle of the present invention completely solve the above problems by modifying the conventional thermoelectric conversion module, thereby causing the waste heat energy and harmful heat energy to be generated everywhere, and the energy saving and discharging effect is remarkable.

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Abstract

La présente invention concerne un module de conversion thermoélectrique, un nouveau moteur à combustion interne, un nouveau moteur électrique et un procédé de génération d'énergie. En modifiant un déflecteur d'écoulement d'un module de conversion thermoélectrique classique à partir d'un déflecteur d'écoulement rigide en faveur d'un déflecteur d'écoulement résistant aux contraintes thermiques (202), les contraintes thermiques internes du module thermoélectrique peuvent être efficacement éliminées, ce qui permet d'obtenir les effets d'extension de la durée de vie utile et d'extension du champ d'application du module de conversion thermoélectrique. En outre, le module de conversion thermoélectrique est appliqué à un moteur à combustion interne et à un moteur électrique, un appareil de génération d'énergie à différence de température constitué du module de conversion thermoélectrique est ajouté entre une enveloppe de chauffage et un système de refroidissement du moteur à combustion interne existant et du moteur électrique, qui utilise l'énergie thermique nocive du moteur à combustion interne et du moteur électrique pour générer de l'énergie, ce qui permet d'obtenir l'effet de conservation d'énergie et de réduction des émissions. En outre, l'application du module thermoélectrique s'applique à un plus grand nombre de domaines de recyclage de l'énergie thermique perdue et de l'énergie thermique nocive, et l'utilisation de l'énergie thermique perdue et de l'énergie thermique nocive pour générer de l'énergie peut rendre les déchets profitables et transformer le négatif en positif, ce qui permet d'obtenir l'effet de conservation d'énergie et de réduction des émissions.
PCT/CN2017/077953 2016-03-23 2017-03-23 Module de conversion thermoélectrique, nouveau moteur à combustion interne, nouveau moteur électrique et procédé de génération d'énergie WO2017162196A1 (fr)

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CN109633955A (zh) * 2018-11-23 2019-04-16 重庆天胜科技有限公司 一种具有边缘自动恢复功能的液晶屏

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CN109633955B (zh) * 2018-11-23 2023-09-29 深圳市博纳森光电有限公司 一种具有边缘自动恢复功能的液晶屏

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