WO2017162018A1 - 用于气-气热交换的逆流式翅片板换热器 - Google Patents

用于气-气热交换的逆流式翅片板换热器 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017162018A1
WO2017162018A1 PCT/CN2017/075708 CN2017075708W WO2017162018A1 WO 2017162018 A1 WO2017162018 A1 WO 2017162018A1 CN 2017075708 W CN2017075708 W CN 2017075708W WO 2017162018 A1 WO2017162018 A1 WO 2017162018A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
plate
gas
heat exchange
heat exchanger
fin
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PCT/CN2017/075708
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
凌祥
杨谕
彭浩
李�瑞
Original Assignee
南京工业大学
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Priority to SE1851165A priority Critical patent/SE544275C2/en
Priority to US16/087,104 priority patent/US10378831B2/en
Publication of WO2017162018A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017162018A1/zh

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D9/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D9/0031—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for one heat-exchange medium being formed by paired plates touching each other
    • F28D9/0037—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for one heat-exchange medium being formed by paired plates touching each other the conduits for the other heat-exchange medium also being formed by paired plates touching each other
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F3/00—Plate-like or laminated elements; Assemblies of plate-like or laminated elements
    • F28F3/02—Elements or assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with recesses, with corrugations
    • F28F3/025—Elements or assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with recesses, with corrugations the means being corrugated, plate-like elements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
    • F28D21/0001—Recuperative heat exchangers
    • F28D21/0003—Recuperative heat exchangers the heat being recuperated from exhaust gases
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D9/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D9/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D9/0025—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being formed by zig-zag bend plates
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D9/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D9/0093—Multi-circuit heat-exchangers, e.g. integrating different heat exchange sections in the same unit or heat-exchangers for more than two fluids
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F19/00—Preventing the formation of deposits or corrosion, e.g. by using filters or scrapers
    • F28F19/02—Preventing the formation of deposits or corrosion, e.g. by using filters or scrapers by using coatings, e.g. vitreous or enamel coatings
    • F28F19/06—Preventing the formation of deposits or corrosion, e.g. by using filters or scrapers by using coatings, e.g. vitreous or enamel coatings of metal
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F21/00—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials
    • F28F21/08—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials of metal
    • F28F21/081—Heat exchange elements made from metals or metal alloys
    • F28F21/082—Heat exchange elements made from metals or metal alloys from steel or ferrous alloys
    • F28F21/083—Heat exchange elements made from metals or metal alloys from steel or ferrous alloys from stainless steel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/001—Casings in the form of plate-like arrangements; Frames enclosing a heat exchange core
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/02—Header boxes; End plates
    • F28F9/04—Arrangements for sealing elements into header boxes or end plates
    • F28F9/16—Arrangements for sealing elements into header boxes or end plates by permanent joints, e.g. by rolling
    • F28F9/18—Arrangements for sealing elements into header boxes or end plates by permanent joints, e.g. by rolling by welding
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
    • F28D2021/0019—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for
    • F28D2021/0022—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for for chemical reactors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D9/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D9/0006—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the plate-like or laminated conduits being enclosed within a pressure vessel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/02—Header boxes; End plates
    • F28F2009/0285—Other particular headers or end plates
    • F28F2009/0297—Side headers, e.g. for radiators having conduits laterally connected to common header
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F2215/00—Fins
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F2220/00—Closure means, e.g. end caps on header boxes or plugs on conduits
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F2250/00—Arrangements for modifying the flow of the heat exchange media, e.g. flow guiding means; Particular flow patterns
    • F28F2250/10—Particular pattern of flow of the heat exchange media
    • F28F2250/102—Particular pattern of flow of the heat exchange media with change of flow direction
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F2250/00—Arrangements for modifying the flow of the heat exchange media, e.g. flow guiding means; Particular flow patterns
    • F28F2250/10—Particular pattern of flow of the heat exchange media
    • F28F2250/104—Particular pattern of flow of the heat exchange media with parallel flow
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F2250/00—Arrangements for modifying the flow of the heat exchange media, e.g. flow guiding means; Particular flow patterns
    • F28F2250/10—Particular pattern of flow of the heat exchange media
    • F28F2250/106—Particular pattern of flow of the heat exchange media with cross flow
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F2250/00—Arrangements for modifying the flow of the heat exchange media, e.g. flow guiding means; Particular flow patterns
    • F28F2250/10—Particular pattern of flow of the heat exchange media
    • F28F2250/108—Particular pattern of flow of the heat exchange media with combined cross flow and parallel flow
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F2275/00—Fastening; Joining
    • F28F2275/06—Fastening; Joining by welding

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a heat exchanger, and more particularly to a counterflow fin plate heat exchanger for gas-to-gas heat exchange.
  • the iron and steel industry and the chemical industry are the basic industries in China.
  • the exhaust temperatures of many industrial heating furnaces and gas-fired boilers in these industries are above 150 °C.
  • the sensible heat and steam contained in the flue gas contain very latent heat of vaporization.
  • Large, direct emissions not only greatly waste energy, but also increase pollutant emissions.
  • the energy utilization rate of some steel industries is only 30-50%, and a large amount of waste heat is wasted in the production process, and these waste heat can be reasonably recovered and used to increase the temperature of combustion air or gas, and generate steam power generation and domestic heat supply.
  • the importance of waste heat recovery is increasing day by day. How to efficiently recycle waste heat has become a hot issue of energy conservation and emission reduction.
  • the heat exchanger is the core component of the waste heat recovery system. Improving the heat transfer performance of the heat exchanger is of great significance to the development of waste heat recovery.
  • Heat exchangers can be divided into tubular heat exchangers, plate heat exchangers, heat pipe heat exchangers and plate heat exchangers. Compared to conventional tubular heat exchangers, plate heat exchangers and plate heat exchangers achieve enhanced heat transfer from the shape and surface structure of the heat exchange elements.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a counterflow fin plate heat exchanger for gas-gas heat exchange, which has small flue gas side resistance, is not easy to accumulate ash, and can effectively prevent dew point corrosion.
  • the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:
  • a counterflow fin plate heat exchanger for gas-gas heat exchange characterized in that: a plurality of sets of counterflow fin plates are stacked and fixed in a thickness direction to form a heat exchange unit body, and two air passages are fixed in the heat exchange unit Both sides of the body are respectively connected with the side opening of the inner channel bending plate of the counterflow fin plate on both sides of the heat exchange unit body, and a plurality of heat exchange unit bodies are laterally superposed and fixed to form a heat exchange unit body group, and a plurality of heat exchange unit body groups are along The vertical direction is superimposed and the adjacent heat exchange unit groups are connected by a flue gas passage, and the outer sides of the plurality of heat exchange unit groups pass through
  • the support frame is fixed, and a heat exchanger shell is arranged outside the support frame, and the air flows in an S-shape along the air passage in the heat exchanger.
  • the heat exchanger housing comprises an air inlet head, an air side sealing cover, an air inlet side sealing plate, a sealing plate, a flue gas inlet flange, an air outlet head, an air outlet side sealing plate, and a heat exchanger
  • the core body and the flue gas outlet flange, the air inlet side sealing plate, the sealing plate and the air outlet side sealing plate form a rectangular hollow cylinder and are fixed on the outer side of the support frame, and the flue gas inlet flange and the flue gas outlet flange are respectively fixed in the rectangular parallelepiped
  • the upper end and the lower end of the hollow cylinder body, the air inlet side sealing plate and the air outlet side sealing plate have a through hole corresponding to the opening position of the heat exchange unit body, and the air inlet head is fixed at the lower end of the air inlet side sealing plate and is sealed with the air inlet side
  • the bottommost through hole of the plate is connected, the air outlet head is fixed on the air outlet side sealing plate end and communicates with the uppermost end through
  • a corrugated or rectangular variable diameter structure is adopted in the middle of the heat exchanger housing.
  • the counterflow fin plate comprises a plurality of outer channel fins, an outer channel bending plate, an inner channel fin and an inner channel bending plate
  • the outer channel bending plate is a flat plate vertically bent on both sides to the upper side.
  • the inner channel bending plate is a rectangular parallelepiped box with an upper end and the inner channel bending upper end is sealed with the lower side of the outer channel bending plate
  • the plurality of outer channel fins are arranged in parallel on the inner side of the outer channel bending plate, the inner channel fin It is disposed on the inner side of the inner channel bending plate, and the side end portions corresponding to the two long sides of the inner channel bending plate are provided with an opening and the two openings are respectively disposed at different ends of the side surfaces on both sides.
  • both ends of the outer channel bending plate and the inner channel bending plate are provided with a flow guiding structure.
  • the flow guiding structure is a baffle.
  • the guiding structure is a spherical crown, and the spherical crowns are staggered, the distance between the two spherical crowns is 2 to 4 times the diameter of the bottom circle of the spherical crown, and the diameter of the bottom circle of the spherical crown is less than 2 times the fin spacing.
  • the bending height of the outer channel bending plate is 0.5 to 1 mm more than the height of the plurality of outer channel fins, and the height of the inner channel bending plate side is 0.5 to 1 mm more than the inner channel fin height.
  • the sum of the side opening lengths of the inner channel bending plates and the opening distance from the side end portions of the inner channel bending plates is 1/8 to 1/6 of the total length of the inner channel bending plates.
  • inner channel fins and the outer channel fins are flat, zigzag, triangular or porous fins.
  • the present invention has the following advantages and effects:
  • the side resistance of the flue gas is small, it is not easy to accumulate ash, which can effectively prevent dew point corrosion;
  • the heat exchanger is assembled by a plurality of heat exchange units, which is convenient to install and disassemble, compact in structure, simple in equipment manufacturing and installation, and high in heat exchange efficiency;
  • Figure 1 is an outline view of a heat exchanger of the present invention.
  • Figure 2 is a dispersion view of the heat exchanger of the present invention.
  • Figure 3 is a schematic illustration of a counterflow fin plate of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the heat exchange unit body of the present invention.
  • Figure 5 is a schematic view showing the assembly of the heat exchanger of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic illustration of a heat exchanger housing of the present invention.
  • the heat exchanger of the invention is mainly composed of a heat exchanger box body, an outer member and a heat exchanger core body, and the flue gas flows in from the top to the bottom, and exchanges heat with the air entering the side.
  • the two heat exchange media flow in a countercurrent flow.
  • a counterflow fin plate heat exchanger for gas-gas heat exchange a plurality of sets of counterflow fin plates are stacked and fixed in a thickness direction to form a heat exchange unit body 801, and two air passages 802 are fixed in the heat exchange unit body Side and respectively communicate with the side opening of the inner channel bending plate of the counterflow fin plate on both sides of the heat exchange unit body 801, and several heat exchange unit bodies 801 are laterally superposed and fixed to form a heat exchange unit body group, and a plurality of heat exchange unit body groups are along The vertical direction is superimposed and the adjacent heat exchange unit groups are connected by the flue gas passage 802.
  • the outer sides of the plurality of heat exchange unit groups are fixed by the support frame 804, and the outer side of the support frame is provided with a heat exchanger shell, and the air is in the heat exchanger.
  • the inside flows along the air passage 802 in an S-shape.
  • the heat exchanger unit body 801 is assembled in layers from bottom to top, and each layer is composed of a plurality of heat exchange unit bodies. Generally, the number of heat exchange unit bodies is 1 to 5, and the upper and lower groups are arranged in 1 to 4 groups. The number of heat exchange unit bodies 801 can be changed according to the heat exchange requirements.
  • An air passage 802 is welded to both sides of the heat exchange unit body 801 so that air can flow into and out of the plurality of fin plates 101 from the air passage 802.
  • the heat exchange unit bodies 801 in the upper and lower layers are welded in series by the flue gas passages 803 one by one.
  • the support frame 804 is welded by the 304 stainless steel channel steel and the square steel, and is in contact with the heat exchange unit body 801 and the air passage 802.
  • the support frame 804 mainly supports the core body and serves as a skeleton to facilitate the heat exchanger housing welding. Support frame After the assembly of the frame 804 is completed, the heat exchanger housing is welded. Finally, the sealing plate 4 of the heat exchanger case and other external members are sequentially welded.
  • the fin plate of the upper heat exchange unit body can be brazed by nickel.
  • the lower group uses copper-based brazing. If multiple layers of fins are used on the bending plate, the spacing between adjacent fins is 2-6 mm, which can ensure the heat transfer performance and resistance of the flue gas side.
  • the heat exchanger housing comprises an air inlet head 1, an air side sealing cover 2, an air inlet side sealing plate 3, a sealing plate 4, a flue gas inlet flange 5, an air outlet head 6, an air outlet side sealing plate 7, and a change
  • the heater core 8 and the flue gas outlet flange 9, the air inlet side sealing plate 3, the sealing plate 4 and the air outlet side sealing plate 7 constitute a rectangular parallelepiped hollow cylinder and are fixed outside the support frame 804, the flue gas inlet flange 5 and The flue gas outlet flanges 9 are respectively fixed at the upper end and the lower end of the rectangular hollow cylinder, and the air inlet side sealing plate 3 and the air outlet side sealing plate 7 have through holes corresponding to the opening positions of the heat exchange unit body, and the air inlet head 1 is fixed.
  • the air outlet sealing head 6 is fixed at the upper end of the air outlet side sealing plate 7 and communicates with the uppermost end through hole of the air outlet side sealing plate 7
  • the air side seal cover 2 is fixed to the air inlet side seal plate 3 and communicates with the adjacent two sets of through holes.
  • the air inlet side sealing plate 3, the sealing plate 4 and the air outlet side sealing plate 7 are submerged arc welded and welded around the heat exchanger core 8.
  • the air flows in from the air inlet head 1 and flows into the heat exchange unit body 801 through the respective lower air passages 802, and then the air is circulated in series through the air side sealing cover 2, flows out through the upper heat exchange unit body 801, and finally passes through the air.
  • the outlet head 6 transports the heated air outward.
  • a corrugated or rectangular reduced diameter structure is used in the middle of the heat exchanger housing to avoid deformation of the heat transfer device due to thermal expansion during higher temperature operation.
  • the entire heat exchanger material is 304 or 316L stainless steel, and the airtightness test is required after the completion of the entire heat exchanger.
  • the surface of the bent plate and the fin in the fin plate is treated by a plating technique, which greatly improves the corrosion resistance of the heat exchanger and prolongs the life of the heat exchanger.
  • the counterflow fin plate includes a plurality of outer channel fins 102, an outer channel bending plate 103, inner channel fins 104 and an inner channel bending plate 105, and the outer channel bending plate 103 is a flat plate that is vertically bent on both sides to the upper side.
  • the inner passage bending plate 105 is a rectangular parallelepiped box having an upper end and the upper end of the inner passage bending plate 105 is sealed and fixed to the lower side of the outer passage bending plate 103, and the plurality of outer passage fins 102 are disposed in parallel on the inner side of the outer passage bending plate 103.
  • the inner channel fins 104 are disposed on the inner side of the inner channel bending plate 105, and the side ends corresponding to the two long sides of the inner channel bending plate 105 are provided with an opening and two openings respectively Set on different sides of the sides on both sides.
  • the inside of the bending plate 103 is an external passage fin 102 through which the flue gas flows; the inside of the bending plate 105 is an internal passage fin 104, from which air flows, and the number of fin layers is determined according to the heat exchange effect, and the fin is determined.
  • the shape can be changed as needed.
  • the bending plates 103 and 105 are bent, wherein after the bending plate 105 is bent, the side edges are welded to each other, and the bending height h is 0.5 to 1 mm more than the corresponding fin height.
  • the sum of the opening length l2 at the fluid inlet of the bending plate 105 and the length l1 from the edge of the bending plate is 1/8 to 1/6 of the length L of the bending plate, and l1 should not be too short, and may be 30 to 50 mm.
  • the bending plates 103 and 105 adopt a baffle or a stamped spherical crown as a flow guiding structure, wherein the spherical crowns on the bending plates 103 and 105 are staggered, and the distance between the two spherical crowns is 2 to the diameter of the bottom circle of the spherical crown. 4 times, the diameter of the bottom circle of the spherical cap is less than 2 times the fin spacing.
  • the adjacent fin plates 101 are welded by a argon arc welding process, and the fin plate 101 adopts a bending plate joining technique to simplify the manufacturing process, reduce the welding points, thereby reducing welding stress and reducing leakage points.
  • a plurality of fin plates 101 are welded to form a heat exchange unit body 801.
  • the number of the fin plates 101 is determined according to heat exchange requirements. After the heat exchange unit bodies 801 are welded, the internal passages are subjected to a gas tightness test and a hydrostatic test to ensure The sealing and pressure bearing properties of the inner passage of the fin plate 101 and the quality of welding between the fin plates 101 were examined.
  • the inner and outer channel fins of the fin plate may be flat, zigzag, triangular or porous fins, and the fins may be multiple layers. If the flue gas contains very little solid suspended matter, the external passage fins adopt serrated fins to enhance heat transfer and facilitate water precipitation; if the flue gas contains more solid suspended matter, it can adopt flat or porous fins. Effectively prevent the adhesion of particles and moisture, and it is not easy to block.
  • the outer fin has a height of 6 mm or more, and the fin of the size is effective for preventing scale formation.
  • Several outer channel fins use two layers of triangular fins of the type 90SJ6002, and internal channel fins use serrated fins of the type 12JC4002.
  • a counterflow finned plate heat exchanger for gas-to-gas heat exchange reduces a furnace flue gas below 180 °C.
  • the design conditions are: 9.83kg/s flue gas is reduced from 320°C to 170°C, 8.63kg/s air is preheated from 67 to 260°C, and the flue gas side and air side pressure drop are not less than 0.4kPa and 0.5kPa respectively.
  • the composition of the flue gas is shown in Table 1 below.
  • the flue gas side fins use two layers of triangular fins, the fin type is 90SJ6002; the air side fins use a single layer of zigzag fins, and the fin type is 12JC4002.
  • the thickness of the bending plates 103 and 105 is 1.2mm, height is 21.2mm and 13.2mm, respectively, length is 1000mm.
  • the fin plate 101 has an effective length (with fins) of 400 mm, a total of six heat exchange unit bodies 801, and each heat exchange unit body 801 contains 70 fin plates 101.
  • the total size of the counter-flow fin-plate heat exchanger for waste heat recovery of the present embodiment is 5600 ⁇ 2900 ⁇ 4770.
  • the lateral heat exchange unit body spacing is 164 mm
  • the longitudinal spacing (high smoke passage) is 300 mm.
  • the support frame 801 is selected from 160 ⁇ 65 ⁇ 8.5 channel steel and 60 ⁇ 6 equal angle steel. The heat exchanger recovers 1690 kW of heat.

Abstract

一种用于气-气热交换的逆流式翅片板换热器，包含若干外部通道翅片（102）、外部通道折弯板（103）、内部通道翅片（104）和内部通道折弯板（105），外部通道折弯板（103）为两侧向上侧垂直弯折的平板，内部通道折弯板（105）为上端无盖的长方体盒体并且内部通道折弯板（105）上端与外部通道折弯板（103）下侧密封固定，若干外部通道翅片（102）平行设置在外部通道折弯板（103）内侧，内部通道翅片（104）设置在内部通道折弯板（105）内侧，内部通道折弯板（105）两条长边对应的侧面端部设置有一个开口并且两个开口分别设置在两侧侧面的不同端。该换热器结构紧凑，便于安装，换热效果强，能有效防止腐蚀。

Description

用于气-气热交换的逆流式翅片板换热器 技术领域
本发明涉及一种换热器，特别是一种用于气-气热交换的逆流式翅片板换热器。
背景技术
钢铁工业和化工工业是我国的基础产业，这些行业中众多的工业加热炉、燃气燃油锅炉烟气的排放温度均在150℃以上，烟气中含有的显热及水蒸汽所含的汽化潜热非常大，直接排放不仅极大的浪费了能源，还增加了污染物的排放。同时，部分钢铁行业的能源利用率只有30-50％，生产过程中浪费了大量的余热，而这些余热可以合理回收并用于提高助燃空气或煤气的温度，产生水蒸汽发电和生活供热等。随着我国现代工业对能源需求的持续增加，余热回收的重要性也与日俱增，如何对余热进行高效回收利用已经成为节能减排的热点问题。
换热器作为余热回收系统的核心部件，提高换热器的传热性能对余热回收的发展具有重要意义。换热器可以分为管式换热器、板式换热器、热管换热器和板面式换热器。相对于普通管式换热器，板式换热器和板面式换热器从换热元件的形状和表面结构来实现强化传热。
在余热回收过程中，随着烟气温度降低，换热器阻力降和可能发生的结垢、腐蚀现象是阻碍余热回收系统发展的重要因素之一。目前，在余热回收领域，由于烟气回收的热量大，传统的管式、翅片管式和板式换热器占用安装空间大，且抗腐蚀能力较差。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题是提供一种用于气-气热交换的逆流式翅片板换热器，它烟气侧阻力小，不容易积灰，可有效防止露点腐蚀。
为解决上述技术问题，本发明所采用的技术方案是：
一种用于气-气热交换的逆流式翅片板换热器，其特征在于：若干组逆流式翅片板沿厚度方向叠加固定组成换热单元体，两个空气通道固定在换热单元体两侧并且分别与换热单元体两侧的逆流式翅片板的内部通道折弯板侧面开口连通，若干换热单元体横向叠加固定构成换热单元体组，若干换热单元体组沿竖直方向叠加并且相邻换热单元体组之间通过烟气通道连接，若干换热单元体组外侧通过 支撑框架固定，支撑框架外侧设置有换热器壳体，空气在换热器内沿着空气通道呈S型流动。
进一步地，所述换热器壳体包含空气进口封头、空气侧密封罩、空气进口侧封板、封板、烟气进口法兰、空气出口封头、空气出口侧封板、换热器芯体和烟气出口法兰，空气进口侧封板、封板和空气出口侧封板构成长方体空心筒体并且固定在支撑框架外侧，烟气进口法兰和烟气出口法兰分别固定在长方体空心筒体上端和下端，空气进口侧封板和空气出口侧封板上对应换热单元体的开口位置开有通孔，空气进口封头固定在空气进口侧封板下端并且与空气进口侧封板最下端通孔连通，空气出口封头固定在空气出口侧封板上端并且与空气出口侧封板最上端通孔连通，空气侧密封罩固定在空气进口侧封板上并且与相邻两组通孔连通。
进一步地，所述换热器壳体中间采用波纹或者矩形变径结构。
进一步地，所述逆流式翅片板包含若干外部通道翅片、外部通道折弯板、内部通道翅片和内部通道折弯板，外部通道折弯板为两侧向上侧垂直弯折的平板，内部通道折弯板为上端无盖的长方体盒体并且内部通道折弯板上端与外部通道折弯板下侧密封固定，若干外部通道翅片平行设置在外部通道折弯板内侧，内部通道翅片设置在内部通道折弯板内侧，内部通道折弯板两条长边对应的侧面端部设置有一个开口并且两个开口分别设置在两侧侧面的不同端。
进一步地，所述外部通道折弯板和内部通道折弯板的两端设置有导流结构。
进一步地，所述导流结构为导流片。
进一步地，所述导流结构为球冠，球冠呈交错分布，两球冠间距为球冠底部圆的直径的2～4倍，球冠底部圆的直径小于2倍的翅片间距。
进一步地，所述外部通道折弯板弯折高度比若干外部通道翅片高度多0.5～1mm，内部通道折弯板侧边高度比内部通道翅片高度多0.5～1mm。
进一步地，所述内部通道折弯板两侧侧面开口长度与开口距离内部通道折弯板侧面端部距离之和为内部通道折弯板总长度的1/8～1/6。
进一步地，所述内部通道翅片和外部通道翅片采用平直形、锯齿形、三角形或多孔形翅片。
本发明与现有技术相比，具有以下优点和效果：
1、烟气侧阻力小，不容易积灰，可有效防止露点腐蚀；
2、换热器由多个换热单元组装而成，安装拆卸方便，结构紧凑，设备制造安装简单，换热效率高；
3、设备成本低，采用新的串、并联连接、封板与支撑框架结合的组装方法和高效换热结构，适合用于大型余热回收系统中。
附图说明
图1是本发明的换热器的外形图。
图2是本发明的换热器的分散图。
图3是本发明的逆流式翅片板的示意图。
图4是本发明的换热单元体示意图。
图5是本发明的换热器的组装示意图。
图6是本发明的换热器壳体的示意图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图并通过实施例对本发明作进一步的详细说明，以下实施例是对本发明的解释而本发明并不局限于以下实施例。
本发明的换热器主要由换热器箱体、外部构件和换热器芯体组成，烟气从上向下流进，与侧边进入的空气进行换热。两种换热介质呈逆流流动。
一种用于气-气热交换的逆流式翅片板换热器，若干组逆流式翅片板沿厚度方向叠加固定组成换热单元体801，两个空气通道802固定在换热单元体两侧并且分别与换热单元体801两侧的逆流式翅片板的内部通道折弯板侧面开口连通，若干换热单元体801横向叠加固定构成换热单元体组，若干换热单元体组沿竖直方向叠加并且相邻换热单元体组之间通过烟气通道802连接，若干换热单元体组外侧通过支撑框架804固定，支撑框架外侧设置有换热器壳体，空气在换热器内沿着空气通道802呈S型流动。换热器单元体801按从下至上分层组装，每层由若干个换热单元体组成一组，一般地，一组换热单元体的数量为1～5，上下分1～4组布置，换热单元体801数量可根据换热需求做相应变化。换热单元体801两侧焊有空气通道802，从而使得空气能从空气通道802流进和流出若干翅片板101。上下两层中的换热单元体801由烟气通道803一一对应串联焊接。支撑框架804由采用304不锈钢槽钢和方钢，与换热单元体801和空气通道802接触部分焊接，支撑框架804主要对芯体起支撑作用，并充当骨架方便换热器箱体焊接。支撑框 架804组装完成后，进行焊接换热器箱体。最后依次焊接换热器箱体的封板4和其他外部构件。根据换热器温度分布不同，若采用上下两组换热单元体，且烟气温度由较高的温度降至露点温度以下，上组换热单元体的翅片板可采用镍基钎焊，下组采用铜基钎焊。若折弯板上采用多层翅片，相邻翅片的间距为2～6mm，该尺寸可以保证烟气侧的传热性能和阻力大小。
换热器壳体包含空气进口封头1、空气侧密封罩2、空气进口侧封板3、封板4、烟气进口法兰5、空气出口封头6、空气出口侧封板7、换热器芯体8和烟气出口法兰9，空气进口侧封板3、封板4和空气出口侧封板7构成长方体空心筒体并且固定在支撑框架804外侧，烟气进口法兰5和烟气出口法兰9分别固定在长方体空心筒体上端和下端，空气进口侧封板3和空气出口侧封板7上对应换热单元体的开口位置开有通孔，空气进口封头1固定在空气进口侧封板3下端并且与空气进口侧封板3最下端通孔连通，空气出口封头6固定在空气出口侧封板7上端并且与空气出口侧封板7最上端通孔连通，空气侧密封罩2固定在空气进口侧封板3上并且与相邻两组通孔连通。空气进口侧封板3、封板4和空气出口侧封板7采用埋弧焊，焊接在换热器芯体8四周。
烟气从烟气进口法兰5流进换热器芯体8，从烟气出口法兰9流出。空气从空气进口封头1流进，通过下层各个空气通道802分别流入换热单元体801，然后经空气侧密封罩2实现空气上下串联流通，经上层换热单元体801后流出，最后通过空气出口封头6向外输送加热后的空气。换热器壳体中间采用波纹或矩形变径结构，以避免该换热装置在温度较高运行中热膨胀产生的变形。整个换热器材料为304或316L不锈钢，整个换热器完成后需进行气密性试验。其翅片板中折弯板和翅片的表面采用镀靶技术处理，大大提高换热器的耐腐蚀性能，延长换热器寿命。
逆流式翅片板包含若干外部通道翅片102、外部通道折弯板103、内部通道翅片104和内部通道折弯板105，外部通道折弯板103为两侧向上侧垂直弯折的平板，内部通道折弯板105为上端无盖的长方体盒体并且内部通道折弯板105上端与外部通道折弯板103下侧密封固定，若干外部通道翅片102平行设置在外部通道折弯板103内侧，内部通道翅片104设置在内部通道折弯板105内侧，内部通道折弯板105两条长边对应的侧面端部设置有一个开口并且两个开口分别 设置在两侧侧面的不同端。折弯板103内为外部通道翅片102，烟气从其中流过；折弯板105内为内部通道翅片104，空气从其中流走，翅片层数根据换热效果来确定，翅片形状可根据需求做相应改变。折弯板103和105进行折弯，其中折弯板105经过折弯后，侧边相接位置进行焊接，折弯高度h比相应翅片高度多0.5～1mm。其中，折弯板105的流体进口处的开口长度l2和距折弯板边缘的长度l1之和为折弯板长度L的1/8～1/6，l1不宜过短，可取30～50mm。折弯板103和105采用导流片或者冲压成型的球冠作为导流结构，其中折弯板103和105上的球冠呈交错分布，两球冠间距为球冠底部圆的直径的2～4倍，球冠底部圆的直径小于2倍的翅片间距。相邻的翅片板101采用氩弧焊接工艺进行焊接，翅片板101采用折弯板连接技术可以简化制造程序，减小焊接点，从而减小焊接应力、减少漏点。若干翅片板101焊接组成换热单元体801，翅片板101的数量根据换热需求来定，各个换热单元体801焊接完成后，其内部通道进行气密性试验和水压试验，保证翅片板101内部通道的密封性和承压性能以及检验各翅片板101之间焊接的质量。
翅片板内部通道和外部通道翅片可采用平直形、锯齿形、三角形或多孔形翅片，翅片可为多层。若烟气含极少固体悬浮物，外部通道翅片采用锯齿型翅片，强化换热，便于水份析出；若烟气含较多固体悬浮物，采用平直形或多孔形翅片，能够有效防止颗粒、水份的附着，不容易堵塞。作为一种优选，所述外部翅片的高度大于等于6mm，该尺寸的翅片可有效防止结垢。若干外部通道翅片采用两层型号为90SJ6002的三角形翅片，内部通道翅片采用型号为12JC4002的锯齿形翅片。
用于气-气热交换的逆流式翅片板换热器将一个加热炉烟气降至180℃以下。设计工况为：9.83kg/s烟气从320℃降至170℃，8.63kg/s空气从67预热至260℃，烟气侧和空气侧压降分别不低于0.4kPa、0.5kPa，烟气成分如下表1所示。
表1烟气组分
Figure PCTCN2017075708-appb-000001
经计算，烟气侧翅片采用两层三角形翅片，翅片型号为90SJ6002；空气侧翅片采用单层锯齿形翅片，翅片型号为12JC4002。折弯板103和105的厚度为 1.2mm，高度分别为21.2mm和13.2mm，长度为1000mm。翅片板101有效长度(带翅片)为400mm，换热单元体801共6个，每个换热单元体801含70片翅片板101。按具体实施方式组装完成后，本实施例的用于烟气余热回收的逆流翅片板式换热器总尺寸为5600×2900×4770。其中，横向换热单元体间距为164mm，纵向间距(烟气通道高)为300mm。为满足该换热器强度要求，支撑框架801选用160×65×8.5槽钢和60×6等边角钢。该换热器可回收1690kW热量。
本说明书中所描述的以上内容仅仅是对本发明所作的举例说明。本发明所属技术领域的技术人员可以对所描述的具体实施例做各种修改或补充或采用类似的方式替代，只要不偏离本发明说明书的内容或者超越本权利要求书所定义的范围，均应属于本发明的保护范围。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种用于气-气热交换的逆流式翅片板换热器，其特征在于：若干组逆流式翅片板沿厚度方向叠加固定组成换热单元体，两个空气通道固定在换热单元体两侧并且分别与换热单元体两侧的逆流式翅片板的内部通道折弯板侧面开口连通，若干换热单元体横向叠加固定构成换热单元体组，若干换热单元体组沿竖直方向叠加并且相邻换热单元体组之间通过烟气通道连接，若干换热单元体组外侧通过支撑框架固定，支撑框架外侧设置有换热器壳体，空气在换热器内沿着空气通道呈S型流动。
  2. 按照权利要求1所述的用于气-气热交换的逆流式翅片板换热器，其特征在于：所述换热器壳体包含空气进口封头、空气侧密封罩、空气进口侧封板、封板、烟气进口法兰、空气出口封头、空气出口侧封板、换热器芯体和烟气出口法兰，空气进口侧封板、封板和空气出口侧封板构成长方体空心筒体并且固定在支撑框架外侧，烟气进口法兰和烟气出口法兰分别固定在长方体空心筒体上端和下端，空气进口侧封板和空气出口侧封板上对应换热单元体的开口位置开有通孔，空气进口封头固定在空气进口侧封板下端并且与空气进口侧封板最下端通孔连通，空气出口封头固定在空气出口侧封板上端并且与空气出口侧封板最上端通孔连通，空气侧密封罩固定在空气进口侧封板上并且与相邻两组通孔连通。
  3. 按照权利要求2所述的用于气-气热交换的逆流式翅片板换热器，其特征在于：所述换热器壳体中间采用波纹或者矩形变径结构。
  4. 按照权利要求1所述的用于气-气热交换的逆流式翅片板换热器，其特征在于：所述逆流式翅片板包含若干外部通道翅片、外部通道折弯板、内部通道翅片和内部通道折弯板，外部通道折弯板为两侧向上侧垂直弯折的平板，内部通道折弯板为上端无盖的长方体盒体并且内部通道折弯板上端与外部通道折弯板下侧密封固定，若干外部通道翅片平行设置在外部通道折弯板内侧，内部通道翅片设置在内部通道折弯板内侧，内部通道折弯板两条长边对应的侧面端部设置有一个开口并且两个开口分别设置在两侧侧面的不同端。
  5. 按照权利要求4所述的用于气-气热交换的逆流式翅片板换热器，其特征在于：所述外部通道折弯板和内部通道折弯板的两端设置有导流结构。
  6. 按照权利要求5所述的用于气-气热交换的逆流式翅片板换热器，其特征在于：所述导流结构为导流片。
  7. 按照权利要求5所述的用于气-气热交换的逆流式翅片板换热器，其特征在于：所述导流结构为球冠，球冠呈交错分布，两球冠间距为球冠底部圆的直径的2～4倍，球冠底部圆的直径小于2倍的翅片间距。
  8. 按照权利要求4所述的用于气-气热交换的逆流式翅片板换热器，其特征在于：所述外部通道折弯板弯折高度比若干外部通道翅片高度多0.5～1mm，内部通道折弯板侧边高度比内部通道翅片高度多0.5～1mm。
  9. 按照权利要求4所述的用于气-气热交换的逆流式翅片板换热器，其特征在于：所述内部通道折弯板两侧侧面开口长度与开口距离内部通道折弯板侧面端部距离之和为内部通道折弯板总长度的1/8～1/6。
  10. 按照权利要求4所述的用于气-气热交换的逆流式翅片板换热器，其特征在于：所述内部通道翅片和外部通道翅片采用平直形、锯齿形、三角形或多孔形翅片。
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