WO2017152740A1 - 一种气动榫钉枪 - Google Patents

一种气动榫钉枪 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017152740A1
WO2017152740A1 PCT/CN2017/073640 CN2017073640W WO2017152740A1 WO 2017152740 A1 WO2017152740 A1 WO 2017152740A1 CN 2017073640 W CN2017073640 W CN 2017073640W WO 2017152740 A1 WO2017152740 A1 WO 2017152740A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
hammer
air chamber
needle
valve
cylinder
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Application number
PCT/CN2017/073640
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
赵红九
赵红标
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赵红九
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Publication date
Application filed by 赵红九 filed Critical 赵红九
Publication of WO2017152740A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017152740A1/zh

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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25CHAND-HELD NAILING OR STAPLING TOOLS; MANUALLY OPERATED PORTABLE STAPLING TOOLS
    • B25C1/00Hand-held nailing tools; Nail feeding devices
    • B25C1/04Hand-held nailing tools; Nail feeding devices operated by fluid pressure, e.g. by air pressure
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25CHAND-HELD NAILING OR STAPLING TOOLS; MANUALLY OPERATED PORTABLE STAPLING TOOLS
    • B25C1/00Hand-held nailing tools; Nail feeding devices
    • B25C1/04Hand-held nailing tools; Nail feeding devices operated by fluid pressure, e.g. by air pressure
    • B25C1/041Hand-held nailing tools; Nail feeding devices operated by fluid pressure, e.g. by air pressure with fixed main cylinder
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25CHAND-HELD NAILING OR STAPLING TOOLS; MANUALLY OPERATED PORTABLE STAPLING TOOLS
    • B25C7/00Accessories for nailing or stapling tools, e.g. supports

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a nail gun, in particular to a pneumatic nail gun.
  • the world's wood joining process mainly includes: adhesive connection, nail connection and pin connection, and ⁇ connection.
  • the pin-and-pin connection is the most common joining process in wood joining, and it is the most widely used in the air nail gun and iron wire nailing process.
  • the iron gas nail connection process uses a gas pump to provide power, and the iron nail is quickly hit by a gas nail gun to complete the connection of the wood; because of its high efficiency and simple use characteristics, it is widely used in the connection of wood materials in the construction, furniture and decoration industries.
  • the traditional Chinese enamel structure is caused by the high friction coefficient between wood and wood, and the elastic deformation similar to the force, which makes the connection between the woods.
  • the seismic fastness is better than the nail connection, and the bamboo nails are used instead of the iron nails.
  • the ⁇ structure can be used to connect materials such as wood; it can eliminate the corresponding problems that occur in the above-mentioned iron nailing process.
  • bamboo or wood-studded nails and production processes there have been various forms of bamboo or wood-studded nails and production processes, but most of them have focused on improving the hardness and strength of bamboo or wood nails due to the hardness and hardness of bamboo or wood. Uniformity is limited by material, no matter which process is used at the present stage, the hardness and uniformity of the metal cannot be achieved.
  • the object of the present invention is that the bamboo and wood nail gas nail guns produced by the prior art are caused by the structural reasons, and the bamboo nails are prone to bifurcation, breakage, etc. when the nails are driven, which seriously affects the continuation of the operation. Insufficient, and provide a pneumatic action nailing structure which adopts a cyclic action structure of the nail hole after the nail hole is firstly made, so that the bamboo wood nail is not easy to be smashed, broken, etc. when it is driven.
  • a pneumatic nail gun includes a power part and an action part, wherein:
  • the power portion includes an integrally cast air chamber, a handle located at a lower portion of the air chamber, a cylinder installed in the air chamber, a striking piston located in the cylinder, a front striking balance valve for controlling the flow of the high pressure gas, and a front striking valve seat and rear Strike the balance valve and the rear stroke seat, and the pneumatic control device located in the handle;
  • the action portion includes a revolving device, a piston rod connecting the striking piston, a reciprocating hammer mounted on the front end of the piston rod, a switch and a nail that restrains the return hammer and the overall power path, and a nozzle at the front end of the nail, located at a support plate below the nozzle, and a clip under the support plate;
  • the piston rod extends through the front end of the cylinder and the rear striking valve and the rear striking valve seat at the front end of the air chamber to the outside of the air chamber, and the piston rod cannot rotate about the axis thereof;
  • the reciprocating hammer is disposed in the piston rod outside the gas chamber
  • the end portion, and the return hammer can rotate about the axis of the piston rod;
  • the return hammer passes through the two end faces thereof, is located below the axis of the piston rod, and has two round pin holes arranged in parallel with the axis of the piston rod.
  • the round pinholes are respectively provided with a hole needle and a nail needle, the front part of the hole needle is a conical tip, the front part of the nail needle is a flat head, and the length of the hole needle is larger than the length of the nail needle, and the hole needle and a pinhole is protruded from the end of the nail behind the hammer, and the diameter of the pin cap is larger than the diameter of the round pin hole on the hammer; the piston rod Directly below, in parallel with the piston rod, a strip hammer is disposed, and the front end of the strip hammer is located behind the hammer.
  • the front part of the piston rod is provided with a stepped shaft centered on the axis of the main rod body, and a pair of lugs are symmetrically disposed at the front end of the step shaft, the return hammer is cylindrical, and the center is provided with the shape and size of the lug.
  • the lug slot after the lug at the front of the step shaft passes through the slot of the lug, the hammer can rotate about the step axis.
  • the switch is a cylindrical structure, the rear part of which is located in the counterbore at the outer wall of the front end of the air chamber and centered on the axis of the piston rod, and the hammer is located in the bore of the switch and can move back and forth along the bore.
  • the slewing device is disposed at an outer side of one end of the switch close to the air chamber, and between the switch and the support plate.
  • a strip-shaped sliding wing is disposed on the outer side of the hammer body and parallel to the axial direction of the hammer body, and the sliding body is processed with a linear sliding groove groove, and the strip-shaped sliding wing on the hammer body of the returning needle is embedded In the sliding groove, the return hammer cannot rotate relative to the turning.
  • the magazine is a cylindrical structure, the rear portion of the magazine is tightly coupled to the front portion of the switch, the rear portion of the nozzle is provided with a semicircular groove, and the front portion of the magazine is inserted into a semicircular groove disposed at the rear of the nozzle.
  • a lower portion of the front portion of the nozzle is provided with a nail hole through the nozzle, the axis of the nail hole coincides with the axis of the bar hammer;
  • the rear portion of the nozzle is disposed
  • There is a semi-circular groove the size of the semi-circular groove is matched with the outer diameter dimension of the nail, and the semi-circular groove body is provided with a long strip-shaped nail hole at a position corresponding to the nail groove of the nail, and the elastic
  • the clip is located below the nail slot, and the shape of the through slot is matched with the shape and size of the pin in the clip.
  • the cylinder is horizontally disposed in the air chamber, and a fixed connecting member is vertically disposed between the outer side wall of the cylinder and the inner side wall of the air chamber, and the air chambers on both sides of the fixed connecting member are kept through, and a cylinder is formed between the air chamber and the air chamber.
  • a front strike balance valve is disposed between the front end of the air chamber, the air chamber and the cylinder, and the rear strike balance valve is installed through the rear stroke seat
  • the end of the front end of the gas chamber is closely connected with the front end surface of the rear balance valve and the front end surface of the cylinder
  • a front strike balancing valve is arranged between the rear end of the air chamber and the air chamber and the cylinder, and the front strike balancing valve is passed before
  • the valve seat is mounted at the end of the rear end of the air chamber, and the end surface of the front valve seat and the rear end surface of the cylinder are in close contact with each other.
  • the handle has a concave groove therein, and the handle and the groove therein are integrally cast, and the groove is provided with a gas path control device;
  • the air circuit control device includes a trigger disposed at a front portion of the handle, a first control air valve disposed behind the trigger, and a small cylinder connected to the first control air valve through a pipe and located in a groove in the handle
  • the inner piston is provided with an action spring at both ends of the small cylinder, and an action bar fixedly connected with the piston.
  • Two action valves are arranged corresponding to the action bar, and one of the needle valves is connected with the front strike balance valve and the front stroke valve seat through the air passage.
  • the other needle valve is connected through the gas path and the rear strike balance valve and the rear stroke seat.
  • the slewing device comprises a geared rotating sleeve disposed between the rear portion of the switch and the support plate, a torsion spring fixed on the switch at the outer end of the switch, and the sleeve is rotated around the turn and twisted and twisted
  • the invention adopts the structure of the novel air nail gun.
  • the nozzle is first punched in the structure that needs to be nailed, thereby greatly reducing the problem that the nail itself is easily broken and the strength is insufficient, and the hammer can be greatly improved.
  • the speed of the nail is greatly improved.
  • bamboo or wooden straight nails instead of iron straight nails has the technical advantage; firstly, due to the joint force, the friction coefficient between wood and wood is greater than the friction coefficient between iron and wood, bamboo or wooden nails.
  • the connection force between the connected objects is higher than the connection force generated by using the nail; the similar elastic deformation between the materials makes the use of bamboo or dowel connection in the vibration and shaking environment more stable and firm than using the nail; Compared with the oxidation reaction of metallic iron, bamboo or wooden nails are not oxidized and rusted in a humid environment, and bamboo or wooden nails of similar materials are used for the connection between wood and the structure without nail caps.
  • the visual aesthetics after surface treatment is required. Excellent Connected to nails of different materials.
  • FIG. 1 is a front cross-sectional structural view of a pneumatic nail gun provided by the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional structural view of a portion of a pneumatic nail gun provided by the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional structural view of a transfer boring portion of a pneumatic rivet gun according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a perspective structural cross-sectional view showing a portion of a nozzle of a pneumatic nail gun provided by the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional structural view of the return hammer portion of the pneumatic nail gun provided by the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a left side structural view of the return hammer portion of the pneumatic nail gun provided by the present invention.
  • Fig. 7 is a schematic view showing the outer structure of the rotary cover of the rotary device of the pneumatic nail gun provided by the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic view showing the structure of the rotary sleeve of the rotary device of the pneumatic nail gun provided by the present invention.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic view showing the structure of the rotating position of the rotary nail sleeve of the pneumatic nail gun provided by the present invention.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic view showing the spatial positioning structure of the rotary sleeve in the rotary device of the pneumatic nail gun provided by the present invention.
  • FIG. 11 is a front view showing the structure of a pneumatic control device for a pneumatic nail gun provided by the present invention.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic left side view of a pneumatic control device for a pneumatic nail gun provided by the present invention.
  • Figure 13 is a cross-sectional structural view showing the handle portion of the pneumatic nail gun provided by the present invention.
  • a pneumatic nail gun as shown in FIGS. 1-9, includes a power part and an action part, wherein the power part is a power source for all actions, and the action part is a structure for completing punching, driving a nail and switching action;
  • the nail gun uses high-pressure gas as the power source, pushes the piston in the cylinder 3 through the high-pressure gas, and the piston rod 9 fixedly connected with the piston outputs power outward, and the power part adopts the high pressure at both ends of the cylinder 3.
  • the structure of the gas includes the integrally cast chamber 1 and the handle 2 under the chamber 1 and the front external support 14, the cylinder 3 and the striking piston 4 installed in the chamber 1, the balancing valve and the valve for controlling the high-pressure air flow direction.
  • a seat, and a pneumatic control device 7 installed in the handle 2;
  • the front part of the outer portion of the air chamber 1 is a support plate 14 for the connection and installation of the action portion.
  • the inside of the air chamber 1 is a chamber for the high-pressure gas flow and the installation of the cylinder 3; the outer side wall of the cylinder 3 and the inner side of the air chamber 1
  • a fixed connecting member 25 is vertically disposed between the walls, and the air chamber 1 on both sides of the fixed connecting member 25 is kept continuous, and a high-pressure air chamber 26 is formed between the cylinder 3 and the air chamber 1, and both front and rear end faces of the cylinder 3 are Located in the high-pressure air chamber 26, an air inlet passage 27 is defined in the side wall of the air chamber 1, and the high-pressure air chamber 26 and the high-pressure air passage inside the handle 2 are penetrated through the air inlet passage 27; at the front end of the air chamber 1, A rear striking balance valve 6 is installed between the air chamber 1 and the cylinder 3, and the rear striking balance valve 6 is installed at the end of the front end of the air chamber 1 through the rear striking valve seat
  • the high-pressure air chamber 26 is isolated from the front end surface of the cylinder 3 by a close fitting connection.
  • the high-pressure gas in the rear valve seat 28 is blocked under the control of the air passage control device 7, the high-pressure gas in the high-pressure air chamber 26 pushes the rear stroke.
  • the balancing valve 6 moves backward, and the high-pressure gas in the high-pressure air chamber 26 enters from the front end of the cylinder 3, and pushes the striking piston 4 to move backward.
  • a front strike balancing valve 5 is provided, and the front strike balancing valve 5 is mounted on the rear end of the air chamber 1 through the front striking valve seat 29, and the front portion
  • the end surface of the striking balance valve 5 and the rear end surface of the cylinder 3 are closely connected to each other to make the high pressure gas
  • the cavity 26 is isolated from the rear end surface of the cylinder 3.
  • the above action portion includes a piston rod 9 that connects the hitting piston 4 in the cylinder 3, a return hammer 10 that is mounted on the front of the piston rod 9, and a switch 11 and a pinch 12 that restrain the back hammer 10 and the overall power path, and the positioning nail ⁇ 12 and cooperate with the nail to enter the nozzle 13 and the support plate 14 of the magazine 12, and the magazine 15 installed under the support plate 14;
  • a piston rod 9 is mounted on the striking piston 4 in the cylinder 3, and the piston rod 9 is a long rod protruding below the square of the section or raised below the circular shape, and the rod body is arranged in a vertical plane passing through the center line of the cylinder 3 with the main axis, and The position parallel to the axis of the cylinder 3 is tightly connected to the striking piston 4, and the piston rod 9 passes forward through the rear striking balance valve 6 installed at the front end of the striking plenum 1 and the same-shaped hole and airtight on the rear wall of the rear striking valve seat 28.
  • the restraining piston rod 9 of the same shape hole of the rear wall of the rear valve seat 28 cannot rotate about the axis of the main rod body, and the portion of the strip hammer 18 which is convex on the piston rod 9 body is located at the main axis of the rod body.
  • the front part of the piston rod 9 is machined with the main shaft body axis as the center line, and the cylindrical round back hammer 10 is processed at the center to be correspondingly mounted on the step shaft, and blocked by the front shaft restraint device to make the hammer 10 It can only rotate around the step axis and move back and forth with the piston rod 9; specifically, the front part of the piston rod 9 is provided with a step shaft centered on the axis of the main rod body, and a pair of lugs 19 are symmetrically arranged at the front end of the step shaft, and the hammer is returned.
  • the processing has two round pin holes, the two pin holes are gap-fitted, one is equipped with a front conical tip, a long-sized hole pin 16, and the other is equipped with a front flat head, a short-sized pin 17, two strikes.
  • the needle part of the needle has a needle cap larger than the needle hole, so that the needle can move backwards under the action of the hammer 10; when the needle rotates directly below the axis of the piston rod 9, the needle cap is located just below the piston rod 9
  • the strip hammer 18 is directly in front of the portion, and the strip hammer 18 has a thickness comparable to that of the shot cap.
  • the strip hammer 18 pushes and can only push
  • the needle located in front of the movement moves forward; the rear portion of the cylindrical turn 11 is placed in the counterbore of the outer wall of the air chamber 1 centered on the main axis of the piston rod 9, and the center of the turn 11 is machined with a circular hole.
  • the return hammer 10 is placed in the circular hole with a clearance fit to be able to slide back and forth along the circular hole, and the linear sliding groove 22 is processed on the turn shaft of the turn 11 body, and the strip is fixed on the hammer of the return hammer 10
  • the sliding wing 21 is embedded in the sliding groove 22, so that the return hammer 10 and the switch 11 cannot be rotated relative to each other, the cylindrical nail 12 is tightly fitted to the front of the switch 11, and the magazine 12 is mounted on the nozzle 13
  • the hole pin 12 and the pin hole are correspondingly formed on the lower surface of the nail pin 12 corresponding to the two pinholes of the hammer 10, and the hole pin 16 and the pin 17 pass through the hammer 10
  • the nail slot is turned to the position of the nail slot 24 and the last one is ⁇
  • the nail is inserted into the nail groove at the front of the nail pin 17 on the magazine 12, and the nail in the nail groove is rotated when the nail 12 is rotated because the nail hole 24 restrains the nail under the first nail It is separated from the rivet nail;
  • a slewing device 8 is mounted in the rear portion of the switch 11 and the support plate 14, and the slewing device 8 is struck after hitting the piston 4, and the piston rod 9 and the needle are driven.
  • the pneumatic control device 7 controls the lower hitting piston 4 Before the front stroke, the piston rod 9 drives the hammer 10 to move forward, and the strip hammer 18 which is convex at the lower part of the piston rod 9 hits the hole needle 16 on the axis of the front nail hole 23 in the initial position to make it forward.
  • the nozzle 13 is driven into the wood, and then the piston 4 is struck, and the piston rod 9 drives the needle 10 to move backward.
  • the hole needle 16 is pulled out and the rotary device 8 is actuated to make the switch 11 and the magazine 12 And the hammer 10 and the needle in the two bodies rotate together around the main axis of the piston rod 9, so that the nail and the nail 17 are turned to the axis of the nail hole 23, directly in front of the bar hammer 18; Before the strike, the bar hammer 18 hits the nail pin 17 to drive the nail out of the nail hole 13 and the nail hole 23, and the hole punched along the hole 16 of the wood, the nail is driven into the wood, and then the piston 4 is hit again.
  • the hammer 10 and the nail 17 are moved backwards, and under the action of the rotary device 8, the switch 11 and the magazine 12 and the hammer 10 and the needle in the two bodies are wound around the main axis of the piston rod 9. Rotating, the hole needle 16 is swung to the axis of the nail hole 23.
  • a handle 2 is disposed under the air chamber 1, and a high-pressure air passage connected to the high-pressure gas source is disposed in the handle 2.
  • the handle 2 is insulated from the high-pressure air passage and has a groove for installing the pneumatic control device 7, and the pneumatic control
  • the device 7 can cut and restore the high-pressure gas in the balance valve seat to operate the balance valve, and realize the action of the balance valve in sequence to realize the strike piston 4 in the cylinder 3 to complete the front strike, the rear strike, the front strike, and the rear strike four movements.
  • the above-mentioned pneumatic control device 7 refers to a device capable of controlling the operation of each balancing valve after the trigger is activated, and finally causing the striking piston 4 to complete the two forward and backward movements required for the striking: including the seat body, the needle valve, the small cylinder, and the action Spring, action bar, needle valve bead; two needle valves are installed in the seat body, and the valve needle in the two needle valve can be cut off to cut off the high pressure gas in the gas path connected with the balance valve seat, causing the balance valve
  • the spool moves backwards, and the two needle valves are arranged in parallel on the seat body;
  • the needle valve is mounted on the outside of the needle valve, and the needle valve strip is an L-shaped strip with a vertical elbow in front of the cylindrical strip body, and the strip body is in the valve chamber
  • the axis is installed in the seat groove, and can slide up and down along the groove and rotate in one direction.
  • the front elbow is above the valve needle tail, the surface facing the valve needle tail is flat, and the middle part of the strip body is convex upward with small bumps.
  • the lug has a small inclined surface perpendicular to the axis of the bead and at a certain angle, and the small tail spring is installed on the tail; the axis of the action bar is arranged perpendicular to the two-needle valve bead, and is in the groove above the needle valve bead, and only Can move horizontally back and forth, on the action bar and on the needle valve bead Surface of the small protrusion Correspondingly, there are four small bumps with corresponding inclined faces.
  • the small cylinder and the action spring are arranged on the long axis of the action bar and connected with the action bar. Under normal conditions, the small cylinder has high pressure gas, and the cylinder rod pushes the action spring to open the storage force.
  • the action bar enters the standby position. In this process, the action bar bump and the bevel on the needle valve bead are running backwards, and the valve pin bead is rotated under the action of the action bump.
  • the action bar reaches the standby position, the two convex When the block is out of contact, the small spring of the rear of the valve needle bead revolves the valve needle bead to make the bump upward.
  • valve needle in the rear needle of the trigger When the trigger is actuated, the valve needle in the rear needle of the trigger is pressed, and the small cylinder connected to the pneumatic valve of the trigger needle valve The medium and high pressure gas is blocked, the action bar moves in the opposite direction under the action of the action spring, and the two small inclined faces on the action bar and the valve needle bead are in contact, because the valve needle bead can not be rotated at this time, and the component force pushing valve along the axis generated by the inclined surface
  • the needle pressing strip moves downward, and the front elbow of the valve needle pressing rod presses down the valve needle in the needle valve, so that the balancing valve acts, and the four small inclined surfaces on the action strip are arranged in a certain order, so that the front balance is controlled.
  • Valve 5 and The needle valve of the rear strike balancing valve 6 completes the four movements of the high-pressure gas in sequence, so that the striking piston 4 sequentially completes the two forward and backward movements required for the striking.
  • the device for the axis of the nail hole 23 includes a geared rotary sleeve 30 installed at the rear of the switch 11, a torsion spring 31 fixed on the outer end of the switch 11 and fixed on the turner 11, and can be wound around the switch 11 a large gear 32 that rotates and is coupled to the other end of the torsion spring 31, and a transition gear set 33 that is mounted in the support plate 14;
  • the rotary sleeve 30 is a thin-walled round sleeve, and the switch 11 is mounted in two forms, one way is that the inner hole is equivalent to the outer diameter of the rear portion of the turn 11 and the sleeve can be rotated around the turn 11 at the rear of the turn 11
  • the second method is that the rear part of the switch 11 is processed by a stepped hole larger than the outer diameter of the return hammer 10.
  • the rotary sleeve 30 is installed in the stepped hole, and the inner diameter of the rotary sleeve 30 is the same as the outer diameter of the return hammer 10, and the two installation methods require sliding.
  • the outer wing elongation must be ensured at the same time with the spiral surface of the rotary sleeve 30 and the sliding groove 22 at the same time; the rotating sleeve 30 is machined with two spiral surfaces of different rotation directions intersecting at the front, the spiral surface is along The spiral line on the outer circular surface of the rotary sleeve 30 is perpendicularly directed to the axis of the rotary sleeve 30, and the width and the wall thickness between the two spiral lines on the inner and outer walls after processing are equal.
  • the continuous curved surface; the sleeve on the upper surface of the spiral is removed, and the two spiral surfaces having opposite rotation directions intersect at the front of the rotary sleeve 30, and are triangular, and the rear portion of the rotary sleeve 30 is grooved, and is outside the gun chamber 1
  • the groove corresponding to the protrusion has a small bump, and the two end faces of the groove are blocked by the protrusion at the corresponding position when the rotary sleeve 30 rotates; when the two pins are swung to the position aligned with the axis of the nail, the sliding wing of the turn 11
  • the groove 22 is stopped at two fixed spatial positions.
  • the position of the two spiral surfaces at the front of the rotary sleeve 30 slightly exceeds the sliding wing in the spatial position of the sliding groove 22 through the limitation of the groove and the convex portion on the rotary sleeve 30.
  • the area between the outer edges of the slots 22 is rotated back and forth such that the front portion of the spiral between the spatial positions of the sliding slot 22 is aligned with the sliding slot 22, by setting the spatial position of the rear of the helical surface and the sliding slot 22
  • the intersection point becomes a dead point of the rearward movement of the sliding wing when the piston 4 is hit after the hitting of the piston 4, so that the sliding wing rotates to the second spatial position when the sliding surface stops moving backward, so that the rotating turn 11 is rotated.
  • the rotation of the swivel sleeve 30 on the switch 11 is a hysteresis follower
  • the rotary sleeve 30 is closely mounted with a gear, and the front sleeve 11 of the rotary sleeve 30 is provided with a large gear 32 which can rotate around the rotary cymbal 11 and the two gears are simultaneously installed with the transition in the support plate 14.
  • the gear set 33 is engaged, and the rotary sleeve 30 is synchronized with the large gear 32.
  • the rotation angle of the rotary sleeve 30 can be made slightly larger than the rotation angle of the switch 11 between the two fixed space positions; the large gear 32
  • the torsion spring 31 sleeved on the switch 11 is flexibly connected with the switch 11, and when the slide blade enters the spiral surface, the rotary sleeve 30 is restricted by the limit block and can no longer rotate in the direction of the outer edge of the slide groove 22, and the sliding wing is along
  • the spiral surface movement drives the switch 11 to rotate in the opposite direction, and the turn 11 is relatively rotated with respect to the rotary sleeve 30 and the large gear 32 synchronously connected with the rotary sleeve 30, and the torsion spring 31 is twisted and stored in the same direction as the turn 11 in the same direction.
  • a complete nailing stroke is: the handle 2 nozzle is connected to the high pressure gas.
  • High pressure gas enters the main gas path, high
  • the pressure chamber 26 simultaneously enters the gas path control device 7 to control the gas path through the main gas path of each needle valve, and the two balance valves control the gas path;
  • the small cylinder piston in the gas path control device 7 pulls the action spring action bar to the left action bar to enter the belt
  • the middle needle 16 of the turn 11 is located on the axis of the nail hole 23
  • the sliding groove 22 is located at the rear of the spiral surface, and the intersection of the two spiral surfaces is at another spatial position of the sliding groove 22, and the torsion spring 31 is Twist and store the torque.
  • the pneumatic control device 7 controls the high-pressure gas in the gas path to be cut off, the high-pressure gas in the small cylinder of the gas path control device 7 disappears, the action spring pulls the action bar to the right, and the first tooth on the strip is small
  • the inclined surface and the front strike balancing valve 5 control the inclined surface of the bead on the gas path needle valve, so that the needle valve bead is pressed down the valve needle, the high pressure gas in the front valve seat 29 is cut off, and the front balance valve 5 is moved backward, the high pressure
  • the high-pressure gas in the air chamber 26 enters the rear portion of the cylinder 3 through the front-impact balancing valve 5, and pushes the piston, the piston rod 9, the return hammer 10, and the sliding blade to move forward, and the strip-shaped needle on the piston rod 9 drives the hole needle 16
  • the torsion spring 31 releases the torsion force to drive the large gear 32 gear set and the rotary s
  • the front strike balancing valve 5 is connected to the outside to release; the action bar continues to move right to the third tooth small
  • the inclined surface and the rear striking balance valve 6 control the contact of the bead on the gas path needle valve so that the needle valve bead is pressed down the valve needle, the high pressure gas in the rear valve seat 28 is cut off, and the rear balance valve 6 is moved backward, and the high pressure air chamber 26 is moved.
  • the medium and high pressure gas enters from the front end of the cylinder 3 through the rear balance valve 6, and pushes the piston, the piston rod 9, the return hammer 10, and the sliding wing to move backward, and the return hammer 10 drives the hole needle 16 to move backward, when the sliding wing edge
  • the rear needle hammer 10 drives the hole needle 16 to move backward, when the sliding wing edge
  • the dowels rotate together to rotate the dowels and staples 17 to the axis of the nail holes 23; when the switch 11 rotates relative to the swivel sleeve 30, the torsion springs 31 are twisted to store the torsion force; the action bars of the pneumatic circuit control device 7 Moving to the right, the third tooth is separated from the bevel of the bead, the high pressure gas in the rear striking valve seat 28 is restored, the rear striking balance valve 6 is moved up, and the high pressure gas entering the cylinder 3 through the front portion of the cylinder 3 is blocked, and the inside of the cylinder 3 is simultaneously The high pressure residual gas passes through the rear strike balancing valve 6 The external connection is released; the action bar continues to move to the right, and the second tooth ramp and the front strike balance valve 5 control the inclined surface of the bead on the gas path needle valve, so that the needle valve bead is pressed down the valve needle, and the high pressure in the front valve seat 29 The gas is cut off, and the front striking valve 5 is moved backward.
  • the high-pressure gas in the high-pressure air chamber 26 enters the rear of the cylinder 3 again through the front striking balance valve 5, and pushes the piston, the piston rod 9, the reciprocating hammer 10, and the sliding vane forward.
  • the rod-shaped needle on the piston rod 9 drives the nail needle 17 and the front nail-carrying nail nozzle 13 to drive the nail along the hole punched by the hole needle 16, and twists when the sliding blade is separated from the spiral surface.
  • the spring 31 releases the torsion to drive the large gear 32 gear set and the rotary sleeve 30 to follow the same following rotation as the turn 11 is turned, so that the other spiral surface is aligned with the sliding groove 22; the action bar continues to move to the right, and the second tooth is separated from the inclined surface
  • the high pressure gas in the front valve seat 29 is restored, the front strike balance valve 5 is moved forward, the high pressure gas entering the cylinder 3 through the rear portion of the cylinder 3 is blocked, and the high pressure residual gas inside the cylinder 3 passes through the front stroke.
  • the balance valve 5 is connected to the outside to release; the action bar continues to move the fourth tooth small bevel and the rear flattening
  • the valve 6 controls the contact of the bead on the gas path needle valve so that the needle valve bead is pressed down the valve needle, the high pressure gas in the rear valve seat 28 is cut off, the rear balance valve 6 is moved backward, and the high pressure gas in the high pressure gas chamber 26 passes.
  • the strike balance valve 6 enters from the front end of the cylinder 3, pushes the piston, the piston rod 9, the return hammer 10, and the sliding wing to move backward, and the return hammer 10 drives the nail needle 17 to move backward, when the sliding wing runs along the sliding groove 22
  • the backward needle 10 When the rear part enters the spiral surface of the rotary sleeve 30, the backward needle 10, the turn 11, the nail 12, the hole needle 16, and the nail 17 are rotated together to move the hole needle 16 to the nail.
  • the action bar continues to move to the right to make the small bevel of the fourth tooth disengage from the bevel of the bead on the needle valve, the action bar moves to the right to stop, and the trigger is released to enter the initial state for the next hit.

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Abstract

一种气动榫钉枪,包括动力部分和动作部分,动力部分包括:气室(1)、位于气室下面的手柄(2)、安装在气室中的气缸(3)和击打活塞(4)、后击平衡阀(6)以及手柄中的气路控制装置(7);动作部分包括:回转装置(8)、活塞杆(9)、安装在活塞杆前端的回针锤(10)、转膛(11)、钉膛(12)、定位钉膛的枪嘴(13)和支板(14)、位于支板下方的弹夹(15),气缸与气室之间形成一个高压气腔,高压气腔和手柄内部的高压气路连通。本发明结合新设计的榫钉,解决了竹木钉自身无法承受撕裂木纤维和克服不断增大的摩擦力进入木材所需要的力量,造成竹木钉在击打时自身容易分解的问题,大大提高了打入的速度和效率。

Description

一种气动榫钉枪 技术领域:
本发明涉及一种气钉枪,尤其涉及一种气动榫钉枪。
背景技术:
目前世界上木材连接工艺主要包括:胶粘连接、钉连接和销连接、卯榫连接。钉销连接是木材连接中最常用的连接工艺,而其中又以气钉枪及铁气排钉连接工艺使用最广。铁气排钉连接工艺使用气泵提供动力,通过气钉枪快速击打铁气排钉完成木材的连接;因其高效、简便的使用特点广泛被使用于建筑,家具,装饰行业中的木质材料连接。
但在铁气排钉使用过程中,因其材质因素存在一些无法克服的现实使用问题;主要体现在:震动场合下,铁钉比木材硬度高,易发生较大木材上钉孔造成连接松动、铁质材料在潮湿环境中易生锈,降低连接强度、金属与木材不同材质造成连接外观美观度欠佳、铁气钉过于细小无法回收,木材中残留铁气钉会造成刀头损坏而使含钉木材无法回收再利用从而不利于环保。
而中国传统卯榫结构因木与木之间高摩擦系数、受力相似的弹性变形量,使得木材之间连接,抗震牢固度优于铁钉连接,用竹或木钉替代铁气钉,像卯榫结构一样实现对木材等材料的连接;就能消除减弱上述铁气钉工艺中出现的相应问题。近十几年不停有各种竹或木排钉的形式和制作工艺出现,但多都把工艺路线重点放在提高竹或木钉的硬度和强度上,由于竹或木材的硬度和硬度的均匀度在材质限制下,无论使用何种工艺现阶段都无法达到金属的硬度和均匀度,这就使得竹或木钉身无法承受撕裂木纤维和克服不断增大的摩擦力进入木材所需的力量,造成竹或木钉在击打时自身分解;这种套用铁钉直接打入的 思维方式,用气钉枪直接击打竹或木钉使其像击打铁气钉一样直接打入木材的方式由于打入率低不稳定等问题而不具备现实实施的意义。
现在市场上,能用于竹木榫钉气钉枪很少,竹木钉在打入时,由于钉材质的原因容易发生劈叉,断裂等情况,严重影响作业的继续进行。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于针对现有技术生产的竹木榫钉气钉枪由于其结构原因,导致竹木钉在打入时,竹木钉容易发生劈叉,断裂等情况,严重影响作业的继续进行的不足,而提供一种采用先钉孔后出钉的循环动作结构,使得竹木钉在打入时,不易发生劈叉,断裂等情况的一种气动榫钉枪。
本发明的目的是这样实现的:
一种气动榫钉枪,包括动力部分和动作部分,其中:
所述动力部分包括整体铸造的气室,位于气室下部的手柄,安装在气室中的气缸,位于气缸内的击打活塞,控制高压气体流向的前击平衡阀及前击阀座和后击平衡阀及后击阀座,以及位于手柄中的气路控制装置;
所述动作部分包括回转装置,连接击打活塞的活塞杆,安装在活塞杆前端的回针锤,约束回针锤和整体动力路径的转膛和钉膛以及位于钉膛前端的枪嘴,位于枪嘴下方的支板,以及位于支板下方的弹夹;
所述活塞杆透过气缸前端及气室前端的后击平衡阀和后击阀座延伸到气室外部,活塞杆不能绕其轴线转动;所述回针锤活动设置在活塞杆位于气室外部的端部,且回针锤能够绕活塞杆的轴线转动;回针锤上贯穿其两个端面、位于活塞杆轴线的下方、且与活塞杆轴线等距平行设置有两个圆针孔,所述圆针孔中分别设置有孔针和钉针,所述孔针的前部为圆锥尖头,钉针的前部为平头,且孔针的长度大于钉针的长度,所述孔针和钉针位于回针锤后方的端部均凸起有一个击针帽,所述击针帽的直径大于回针锤上的圆针孔的直径;所述活塞杆 的正下方、与活塞杆平行固定设置有一个条形击锤,所述条形击锤的前端位于回针锤的后方。
所述活塞杆前部以主杆体轴线为中心线设置有台阶轴,台阶轴前端对称设置有一对凸耳,所述回针锤为圆柱形,其中心设置有与凸耳形状、尺寸相适应的凸耳槽孔,台阶轴前部的凸耳透过凸耳槽孔后,回针锤能够绕台阶轴旋转。
所述转膛为圆筒状结构,其后部位于气室前端外壁处、以活塞杆轴线为中心的沉孔内,回针锤位于转膛的膛孔中并能沿膛孔前后移动,所述回转装置设置在转膛靠近气室的一端的外侧、转膛与支板之间的位置。
所述回针锤锤体的外侧、与锤体轴向平行设置有条形滑翼,所述转膛膛体上加工有直线的滑翼槽,回针锤锤体上的条形滑翼嵌于滑翼槽中,回针锤不能相对于转膛转动。
所述钉膛为圆柱状结构,钉膛的后部紧密配合连接在转膛的前部,所述枪嘴后部设置有半圆槽,钉膛前部插入设置在枪嘴后部的半圆槽中,贯穿钉膛的两个端面、且与钉膛轴线平行设置有与回针锤上两钉孔相对应的孔针孔和钉针槽,所述两击针穿过回针锤后,置于孔针孔和钉针槽中;所述枪嘴前部下方,贯穿枪嘴设置有出钉孔,所述出钉孔的轴线与条形击锤的轴线重合;所述枪嘴的后部设置有一个半圆槽,所述半圆槽的尺寸与钉膛的外径尺寸相匹配,所述半圆槽的体上与钉膛的钉针槽相对应的位置设置有长条形过钉槽孔,弹夹位于过钉槽孔下方,过钉槽孔的形状尺寸与弹夹中榫排钉的形状尺寸相匹配。
所述气缸水平设置在气室内,气缸的外侧壁与气室的内侧壁之间竖直设置有固定连接件,固定连接件两侧的气室保持贯通,所述气缸与气室之间形成一个高压气腔,气缸的前后两个端面均位于高压气腔中,所述气室的侧壁上开设有进气通道,所述进气通道使高压气腔和手柄内部的高压气路贯通;所述气室的前端、气室与气缸之间设置有后击平衡阀,后击平衡阀通过后击阀座安装在 气室前端的端部,后击平衡阀的端面与气缸的前端面紧密贴合连接;所述气室的后端、气室与气缸之间设置有前击平衡阀,前击平衡阀通过前击阀座安装在气室后端的端部,且前击阀座的端面与气缸的后端面之间紧密贴合连接。
所述手柄内有一个凹陷的凹槽,手柄及其内部的凹槽为一体铸造,凹槽设置有气路控制装置;
所述气路控制装置包括设置在手柄前部的扳机,设置在扳机后方的第一控制气阀,通过管路与第一控制气阀连接的、位于手柄内的凹槽中的小气缸及其内的活塞,设置在小气缸两端的动作弹簧,与活塞固定连接的动作条,与动作条对应设置有两个针阀,其中一个针阀通过气路与前击平衡阀、前击阀座连接,另一个针阀通过气路和后击平衡阀、后击阀座连接。
所述回转装置包括设置在转膛后部与支板之间的带齿轮的回转套、套在转膛外一端固定在转膛上的扭簧、套在转膛上绕转膛旋转并与扭簧另一端连接的大齿轮以及安装在支板中的过渡齿轮组;回转套后部加工有凹槽,在气室外与凹槽对应位置凸起有小凸块。
本发明具有以下优点:
1.本发明采用新型气钉枪的结构,在打钉时,枪嘴先在需要打钉的结构上打孔,这样大大减少了榫钉本身容易破裂以及强度不够的问题,同时能大大提高打钉的速度。
2.用竹或木直钉替代铁直钉具有技术性能上的优势;首先连接力上由于竹木,木木之间的摩擦系数要大于铁木之间的摩擦系数,竹或木钉对所连接对象之间的连接力高于使用铁钉产生的连接力;同材质之间相似的弹性变形量,使得在震动和晃动的环境中使用竹或木钉连接较于使用铁钉更加稳定牢固;相较于金属铁的氧化反应,使用竹或木钉在潮湿环境中不会氧化锈蚀,使用相似材质的竹或木钉对木材之间连接以及无钉帽结构,表层处理后的视觉美观度要优 于不同材质的铁钉连接。
附图说明:
图1为本发明提供的气动榫钉枪的主视剖视结构示意图。
图2为本发明提供的气动榫钉枪的转膛,钉膛部分俯视剖视结构示意图。
图3为本发明提供的气动榫钉枪的转膛,钉膛部分的立体剖视结构示意图。
图4为本发明提供的气动榫钉枪的枪嘴局部的立体剖视结构示意图。
图5本发明提供的气动榫钉枪的回针锤部的立体剖视结构示意图。
图6为本发明提供的气动榫钉枪的回针锤部分的左视结构示意图。
图7为本发明提供的气动榫钉枪的回转装置回转套外装结构示意图。
图8为本发明提供的气动榫钉枪的回转装置回转套内装结构示意图。
图9为本发明提供的气动榫钉枪的转膛,回转套空间转动位置结构示意图。
图10为本发明提供的气动榫钉枪的回转装置中回转套空间定位结构示意图。
图11为本发明提供的气动榫钉枪的气路控制装置主视结构示意图。
图12为本发明提供的气动榫钉枪的气路控制装置左视结构示意图。
图13为本发明提供的气动榫钉枪的手柄部分剖视结构示意图。
图中:1、气室;2、手柄;3、气缸;4、击打活塞;5、前击平衡阀;6、后击平衡阀;7、气路控制装置;8、回转装置;9、活塞杆;10、回针锤;11、转膛;12、钉膛;13、枪嘴;14、支板;15、弹夹;16、孔针;17、钉针;18、条形击锤;19、凸耳;20、凸耳槽孔;21、条形滑翼;22、滑翼槽;23、出钉孔;24、过钉槽孔;25、固定连接件;26、高压气腔;27、进气通道;28、后击阀座;29、前击阀座;30、回转套;31、扭簧;32、大齿轮;33、过渡齿轮组。
具体实施方式:
本发明的目的在于提供一种采用了双击针平行布局,通过摆动,两击针分别转动到击打活塞4轴线正下方,并在击打活塞4杆体上凸的条形击锤18和回针锤10带动下,依次完成打出孔洞和沿孔洞打入榫钉的动作的气动榫钉枪,具体结构如下:
一种气动榫钉枪,如图1~9所示,包括动力部分和动作部分,其中为动力部分是全部动作的动力源,动作部分是完成打孔、打入榫钉及转换动作的结构;在动力部分,本榫钉枪采用高压气作为动力源,通过高压气推动气缸3中的活塞,和与活塞固定连接的活塞杆9向外输出动力,动力部分采用可使气缸3两端进高压气的结构,包括整体铸造的气室1部分和气室1下面的手柄2及前外部的支板14、气室1中安装的气缸3和击打活塞4,控制高压气流向的平衡阀及阀座、以及手柄2中安装的气路控制装置7;
气室1部分外面前部是支板14,支板14用于动作部的连接安装,气室1内部是高压气流动和安装气缸3的腔体;气缸3的外侧壁与气室1的内侧壁之间竖直设置有一个固定连接件25,位于固定连接件25两侧的气室1保持贯通,气缸3与气室1之间形成一个高压气腔26,气缸3的前后两个端面均位于高压气腔26中,气室1的侧壁上开设有一个进气通道27,通过该进气通道27使高压气腔26和手柄2内部的高压气路贯通;在气室1的前端、气室1与气缸3之间安装有后击平衡阀6,后击平衡阀6通过后击阀座28安装在气室1前端的端部,后击平衡阀6的端面与气缸3的前端面紧密贴合连接,使高压气腔26与气缸3前端面隔绝,当后击阀座28中高压气在气路控制装置7控制下被阻断时,高压气腔26中的高压气推动后击平衡阀6后移,高压气腔26中高压气从气缸3前端进入,推动击打活塞4向后移动完成后击;在气室1的后端、气室1与气缸3之间设置有前击平衡阀5,前击平衡阀5通过前击阀座29安装在气室1后端的端部,且前击平衡阀5的端面与气缸3的后端面之间紧密贴合连接,使高压气 腔26与气缸3后端面隔绝,当前击阀座29中高压气在气路控制装置7控制下被阻断时,高压气腔26中的高压气推动前击平衡阀5后移,高压气腔26中高压气从气缸3后端进入,推动击打活塞4向前运动完成前击。
上述动作部分包括连接气缸3中击打活塞4的活塞杆9,安装在活塞杆9前部的回针锤10,约束回针锤10和整体动力路径的转膛11和钉膛12,定位钉膛12并配合使榫钉进入钉膛12的枪嘴13和支板14,以及支板14下方安装的弹夹15;
气缸3中击打活塞4上安装有活塞杆9,活塞杆9是截面方形下方凸起或圆形下方凸起的长棒,杆体以主轴线布置在通过气缸3中心线的垂直平面内,并与气缸3轴线平行的位置与击打活塞4紧密连接,活塞杆9向前穿过回击气室1前端安装的后击平衡阀6及后击阀座28后壁上的同形状的孔和气密垫后穿出气室1,受后击阀座28后壁同形状孔的约束活塞杆9不能绕主杆体轴线转动,保证活塞杆9体上凸起的条形击锤18部分处于杆体主轴线正下方;活塞杆9前部以主杆体轴线为中心线加工台阶轴,圆柱状回针锤10中心加工相应圆孔安装在台阶轴上,通过台阶轴前部约束装置阻挡,使回针锤10只能绕台阶轴旋转和随活塞杆9同步前后移动;具体来说,活塞杆9前部以主杆体轴线为中心线设置有台阶轴,台阶轴前端对称设置有一对凸耳19,回针锤10为圆柱形,其中心设置有与凸耳19形状、尺寸相适应的凸耳槽孔20,台阶轴前部的凸耳19透过凸耳槽孔20后,回针锤10能够绕台阶轴旋转;回针锤10下部与中心线等距平行加工有两个圆针孔,两针孔中以间隙配合的方式,一个装有前部圆锥尖、尺寸长的孔针16,另一个装有前部平头、尺寸短的钉针17,两击针后部均有大于针孔的针帽,使击针在回针锤10带动下可以向后运动;击针转动到活塞杆9轴线正下方时,击针帽正好位于活塞杆9体下凸起的条形击锤18部分正前方,条形击锤18厚度与击针帽相当,当活塞杆9向前运动时条形击锤18推动且只能推 动位于正前方的那根击针向前运动;圆筒状的转膛11后部置于气室1外壁以活塞杆9主轴线为中心加工的沉孔中,转膛11中心加工有圆孔,回针锤10以间隙配合置于圆孔中能沿圆孔前后滑动运行,转膛11膛体上顺轴线加工有直线的滑翼槽22,固定在回针锤10锤体上的条形滑翼21嵌于滑翼槽22中,使回针锤10和转膛11不能发生相对转动,圆柱状钉膛12紧密配合安装在转膛11前部,钉膛12膛体安装在枪嘴13后部的相应尺寸的半圆形槽中,钉膛12下面与回针锤10上两针孔对应加工有孔针孔和钉针槽,孔针16和钉针17穿过回针锤10后,分别对应置于孔针16孔和钉针槽中,并且在孔针16和钉针17前后运行时前部始终在孔针孔和钉针槽中,钉膛12前部中心加工一个销钉孔,枪嘴13上半圆槽前部枪嘴13后壁上按半圆槽中心线同样加工有销钉孔,销钉连接钉膛12和枪嘴13;安装枪嘴13,使枪嘴13上的销钉孔位于击打活塞4主轴线上,安装在枪嘴13和气室1沉孔之间的转膛11和紧密连接的钉膛12轴线就与击打活塞4主轴线重合,并能绕活塞杆9主轴线转动;枪嘴13前部,按击针转动到活塞杆9主轴线正下时的击针轴线为基准加工一个出钉孔23;钉膛12的外径尺寸按钉针槽中容纳一根榫钉的尺寸为基准设定,枪嘴13后部半圆槽上与钉针槽相对应加工有长条形的过钉槽孔24,弹夹15位于过钉槽孔24下方,榫排钉在弹簧作用下向上进入过钉槽孔24中,当钉膛12上钉针17处于钉针槽后部,钉针槽转到过钉槽孔24位置时最上一枚榫钉向上进入钉膛12上的钉针17前部的钉针槽中,由于过钉槽孔24约束第一枚榫钉下面的榫钉,使得钉针槽中的榫钉在钉膛12转动时被从榫排钉中分离;在转膛11后部和支板14里安装有回转装置8,回转装置8在击打活塞4后击,带动活塞杆9、针锤、击针向后运动时,可使紧密连接的转膛11和钉膛12以及两膛体内的回针锤10、击针一同绕活塞杆9主轴线转动从而依次使孔针16、榫钉及钉针17摆动到出钉孔23轴线上。
上述榫钉枪的两大部分结合可以完成:气路控制装置7控制下击打活塞4 前击,活塞杆9带动回针锤10向前运动,活塞杆9下部凸起的条形击锤18,击打初始位置上位于正前方出钉孔23轴线上的孔针16使其向前出枪嘴13打入木材中,然后击打活塞4后击,活塞杆9带动回针锤10向后移动,拔出孔针16并在回转装置8作用下,使转膛11和钉膛12以及两膛体内的回针锤10、击针一同绕活塞杆9主轴线转动,使榫钉及钉针17转到出钉孔23轴线上,条形击锤18正前方;击打活塞4再次前击,条形击锤18击打钉针17带动榫钉出枪嘴13上出钉孔23,并沿木材上孔针16打出的孔,把榫钉打入木材,随后击打活塞4再次后击,带动回针锤10、钉针17向后移动,在回转装置8作用下,使转膛11和钉膛12以及两膛体内的回针锤10、击针一同绕活塞杆9主轴线回转,使孔针16回转到出钉孔23轴线上。
气室1下面设置有手柄2,手柄2内设置有与高压气源连接的高压气通道,手柄2上与高压气通道隔绝铸造加工有一个凹槽用于安装气路控制装置7,气路控制装置7能切断、恢复平衡阀座中的高压气使平衡阀动作,通过顺序控制平衡阀的动作实现气缸3中击打活塞4完成前击→后击→前击→后击四次动作。
上述气路控制装置7是指在扳机触动后能控制各平衡阀动作,最终使击打活塞4顺序完成击打所需的两次前后运动的装置:包括座体、针阀、小气缸、动作弹簧、动作条、针阀压条;座体中安装有两个针阀,两针阀中的阀针被压下时就可切断与平衡阀座相连的气路中的高压气,引起平衡阀的阀芯向后动作,两个针阀在座体上是平行布置的;针阀外部安装有针阀压条,针阀压条是圆柱条身前面有一段垂直弯头的L形条,条身顺阀腔轴线安装在座体槽中,可以沿槽上下滑动,并单向转动,前部弯头在阀针尾的上方,对着阀针尾的面是平面,条身中部向上凸起有小凸块,该凸块上有与压条轴线垂直并成一定夹角的小斜面,条尾安装有复位小弹簧;动作条轴线与两针阀压条垂直布置,在针阀压条上方,处于条槽中,并只能横向来回移动,动作条上与针阀压条上斜面小凸块 对应,有四个带相应斜面的小凸块,小气缸和动作弹簧布置在动作条长轴线上并与动作条相连接,常态下小气缸有高压气,气缸杆推动动作弹簧拉开储力、动作条进入待机位,这个过程中动作条凸块和针阀压条上凸块斜面是背向运行,阀针压条凸块在动作凸块推动下发生旋转,当动作条到达待机位时,两凸块脱离接触,阀针压条后部的复位小弹簧使阀针压条回转,使凸块向上,当扳机动作,扳机后部针阀中阀针被压下,与扳机针阀气路相连的小气缸中高压气被阻断,在动作弹簧作用下动作条反向运动,动作条、阀针压条上的两小斜面接触,因阀针压条这时不能旋转,斜面产生的沿轴线的分力推动阀针压条向下运动,阀针压条前部弯头向下压下针阀中的阀针,从而使平衡阀发生动作,动作条上的四个小斜面按一定顺序间隔布置,使控制前击平衡阀5和后击平衡阀6的针阀完成依次完成断、通高压气的四次动作,使击打活塞4顺序完成击打所需的两次前后运动。
上述回转装置8是击打活塞4向后运动时,能使转膛11、钉膛12、回针锤10、钉针17一起在两个固定位置往复转动,从而实现两击针依次分别对准出钉孔23轴线的装置:包括在转膛11后部安装的带齿轮的回转套30,套在转膛11外一端固定在膛上的扭簧31,和套在转膛11上可绕转膛11旋转并与扭簧31另一端连接的大齿轮32,和安装在支板14中的过渡齿轮组33;
其中,回转套30是薄壁圆套,与转膛11安装有两种形式,一种方式为内孔与转膛11后部外径相当,套在转膛11后部可绕转膛11旋转,第二种方式为转膛11后部加工比回针锤10外径大的台阶孔,回转套30安装在台阶孔中,回转套30内径与回针锤10外径相同,两种安装方式要求滑翼外伸长度都必须保证在后部与回转套30上螺旋面和滑翼槽22同时接触;回转套30体上加工有前部相交的两条不同旋转方向的螺旋面,此螺旋面是沿回转套30外圆面上的螺旋线垂直指向回转套30轴线,加工后在内外壁上两螺旋线之间留下的与壁厚等宽 的连续曲面;去除螺旋面上部的套体,使旋转方向相反的两条螺旋面在回转套30前部相交,呈三角形,回转套30后部加工有凹槽,在枪体气室1外与凹槽对应凸起有小凸块,回转套30转动时凹槽两端面会在相应的位置被凸块阻挡;当两击针摆动到对准出钉轴线的位置时,转膛11上滑翼槽22是停留在两个固定的空间位置上的,通过回转套30上凹槽和凸块的限位,使回转套30前部两螺旋面交点在滑翼槽22空间位置上略微超过滑翼槽22外沿之间的区域来回转动,使处于滑翼槽22空间位置之间的那条螺旋面前部对准滑翼槽22,通过设定使螺旋面后部与滑翼槽22空间位置的交点,成为击打活塞4后击停止时滑翼向后运动的止点,这样滑翼沿螺旋面向后运动停止时带动滑翼槽22转动到第二个空间位置上,从而使转膛11转动到相应位置,回转套30在转膛11上的转动是滞后随动通过下述结构实现,回转套30上紧密安装有齿轮,回转套30前部转膛11上,套装有可以绕转膛11转动的大齿轮32,两齿轮同时与在支板14中安装的过渡齿轮组33啮合,回转套30与大齿轮32动作同步,通过设定各齿轮齿数比,可以使回转套30转动角度,略大于转膛11在两固定空间位置之间转动的转角;大齿轮32通过套在转膛11上的扭簧31与转膛11柔性连接,当滑翼进入螺旋面时回转套30被限位块限制不能再向滑翼槽22外沿的方向转动,滑翼就沿螺旋面运动带动转膛11反方向转动,转膛11相对与回转套30和与回转套30同步连接的大齿轮32发生相对转动,扭簧31这时扭动储存与转膛11同方向扭力,当滑翼随击打活塞4前击时向前脱离螺旋面,扭簧31扭力释放,带动大齿轮32从而带动回转套30,随转膛11刚才的转动方向做滞后跟随转动,通过限位使另一螺旋面转动到滑翼槽22两空间位置之间。当条形滑翼21随击打活塞4后击两次向后运动时,分别两次进入不同的螺旋面,带动转膛11、钉膛12、回针锤10、两击针发生往、复两次转动。
一个完整的打钉行程为:手柄2气嘴接通高压气。高压气进入主气路、高 压气腔26同时通过各针阀主气路分别进入气路控制装置7控制气路,两平衡阀控制气路;气路控制装置7中小气缸活塞前行拉动动作弹簧动作条向左动作条进入带击位置,此时转膛11中孔针16位于出钉孔23轴线上,滑翼槽22位于螺旋面后部,两螺旋面交汇尖处于滑翼槽22另一空间位置上,扭簧31被扭动储存扭力。压下扳机,扳机针阀动作,气路控制装置7控制气路中高压气被切断,气路控制装置7中小气缸中高压气消失,动作弹簧拉动动作条向右移动,条上第一齿小斜面与前击平衡阀5控制气路针阀上的压条上斜面接触,使针阀压条向下压下阀针,前击阀座29中高压气被切断,前击平衡阀5后移,高压气腔26中的高压气通过前击平衡阀5进入气缸3后部,推动活塞、活塞杆9、回针锤10、滑翼向前运动,活塞杆9上条形击针带动孔针16前行出钉枪嘴13,滑翼脱离螺旋面时扭簧31释放扭力带动大齿轮32齿轮组及回转套30转动,使另一螺旋面对准滑翼槽22;气路控制装置7中动作条上第一齿脱离压条斜面,前击阀座29中高压气恢复,前击平衡阀5前移,通过气缸3后部进入气缸3内的高压气被隔断,同时气缸3内部的高压残气通过前击平衡阀5与外界连通释放;动作条继续右移第三齿小斜面与后击平衡阀6控制气路针阀上的压条接触使针阀压条向下压下阀针,后击阀座28中高压气被切断,后击平衡阀6后移,高压气腔26中高压气通过后击平衡阀6从气缸3前端进入,推动活塞、活塞杆9、回针锤10、滑翼向后运动,同时回针锤10带动孔针16向后运动,当滑翼沿滑翼槽22运行至后部进入回转套30上螺旋面时,在向后运动的同时带动回针锤10、转膛11、钉膛12、孔针16、钉针17、和进入钉针槽中的榫钉一起转动,使榫钉及钉针17转动至出钉孔23轴线上;当转膛11相对回转套30转动时扭簧31发生扭动储存扭力;气路控制装置7中动作条继续右移,第三齿脱离压条斜面,后击阀座28中高压气恢复,后击平衡阀6上移,通过气缸3前部进入到气缸3内的的高压气被隔断,同时气缸3内部的高压残气通过后击平衡阀6与 外界连通释放;动作条继续右移,第二齿斜面与前击平衡阀5控制气路针阀上的压条上斜面接触,使针阀压条向下压下阀针,前击阀座29中高压气被切断,前击平衡阀5后移,高压气腔26中的高压气通过前击平衡阀5再次进入气缸3后部,推动活塞、活塞杆9、回针锤10、滑翼向前运动,这次活塞杆9上条形击针带动钉针17及其前部榫钉前行出钉枪嘴13沿刚才孔针16打出的孔洞将榫钉打入,当滑翼脱离螺旋面时扭簧31释放扭力带动大齿轮32齿轮组及回转套30发生与转膛11刚才转向相同的跟随转,使另一螺旋面对准滑翼槽22;动作条继续右移,第二齿上斜面脱离与阀针压条接触,前击阀座29中高压气恢复,前击平衡阀5前移,通过气缸3后部进入气缸3内的高压气被隔断,同时气缸3内部的高压残气通过前击平衡阀5与外界连通释放;动作条继续右移第四齿小斜面与后击平衡阀6控制气路针阀上的压条接触使针阀压条向下压下阀针,后击阀座28中高压气被切断,后击平衡阀6后移,高压气腔26中高压气通过后击平衡阀6从气缸3前端进入,推动活塞、活塞杆9、回针锤10、滑翼向后运动,同时回针锤10带动钉针17向后运动,当滑翼沿滑翼槽22运行至后部进入回转套30上螺旋面时,在向后运动的同时带动回针锤10、转膛11、钉膛12、孔针16、钉针17一起转动,使孔针16回转至出钉孔23轴线上;动作条继续右移使第四齿小斜面与针阀上的压条斜面脱离接触,动作条右移到位停止,放开扳机进入初始状态等待下次击打。
以上详细描述了本发明的较佳具体实施例。应当理解,本领域的普通技术无需创造性劳动就可以根据本发明的构思作出诸多修改和变化。因此,凡本技术领域中技术人员依本发明的构思在现有技术的基础上通过逻辑分析、推理或者有限的实验可以得到的技术方案,皆应在由权利要求书所确定的保护范围内。

Claims (8)

  1. 一种气动榫钉枪,包括动力部分和动作部分,其特征在于:
    所述动力部分包括整体铸造的气室(1),位于气室(1)下部的手柄(2),安装在气室(1)中的气缸(3),位于气缸(3)内的击打活塞(4),控制高压气体流向的前击平衡阀(5)及前击阀座(29)和后击平衡阀(6)及后击阀座(28),以及位于手柄(2)中的气路控制装置(7);
    所述动作部分包括回转装置(8),连接击打活塞(4)的活塞杆(9),安装在活塞杆(9)前端的回针锤(10),约束回针锤(10)和整体动力路径的转膛(11)和钉膛(12)以及位于钉膛(12)前端的枪嘴(13),位于枪嘴(13)下方的支板(14),以及位于支板(14)下方的弹夹(15);
    所述活塞杆(9)透过设置在气缸(3)前端及气室(1)前端的后击平衡阀(6)和后击阀座(28)延伸到气室(1)外部,活塞杆(9)不能绕其轴线转动;所述回针锤(10)活动设置在活塞杆(9)位于气室外部的端部,且回针锤(10)能够绕活塞杆(3)的轴线转动;回针锤(10)上贯穿其两个端面、位于活塞杆(9)轴线的下方、且与活塞杆(9)轴线等距平行设置有两个圆针孔,所述圆针孔中分别设置有孔针(16)和钉针(17),所述孔针(16)的前部为圆锥尖头,钉针(17)的前部为平头,且孔针(16)的长度大于钉针(17)的长度,所述孔针(16)和钉针(17)位于回针锤(10)后方的端部均凸起有一个击针帽,所述击针帽的直径大于回针锤(10)上的圆针孔的直径;所述活塞杆(9)的正下方、与活塞杆(9)平行固定设置有一个条形击锤(18),所述条形击锤的前端位于回针锤(10)的后方。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的气动榫钉枪,其特征在于:所述活塞杆(9)前部以主杆体轴线为中心线设置有台阶轴,台阶轴前端对称设置有一对凸耳(19),所述回针锤(10)为圆柱形,其中心设置有与凸耳(19)形状、尺寸相适应的 凸耳槽孔(20),台阶轴前部的凸耳(19)透过凸耳槽孔(20)后,回针锤(10)能够绕台阶轴旋转。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的气动榫钉枪,其特征在于:所述转膛(11)为圆筒状结构,其后部位于气室(1)前端外壁处、以活塞杆(9)轴线为中心的沉孔内,回针锤(10)位于转膛(11)的膛孔中并能沿膛孔前后移动,所述回转装置(8)设置在转膛(11)靠近气室的一端的外侧、转膛(11)与支板(14)之间的位置。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的气动榫钉枪,其特征在于:所述回针锤(10)锤体的外侧、与锤体轴向平行设置有条形滑翼(21),所述转膛(11)膛体上加工有直线的滑翼槽(22),回针锤(10)锤体上的条形滑翼(21)嵌于滑翼槽(22)中,回针锤(10)不能相对于转膛(11)转动。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的气动榫钉枪,其特征在于:所述钉膛(12)为圆柱状结构,钉膛(12)的后部紧密配合连接在转膛(11)的前部,所述枪嘴(13)后部设置有半圆槽,钉膛(12)前部插入设置在枪嘴(13)后部的半圆槽中,贯穿钉膛(12)的两个端面、且与钉膛(12)轴线平行设置有与回针锤(10)上两钉孔相对应的孔针孔和钉针槽,所述孔针(16)和钉针(17)穿过回针锤(10)后,置于孔针孔和钉针槽中;所述枪嘴(13)前部下方,贯穿枪嘴(13)设置有出钉孔(23),所述出钉孔(23)的轴线与条形击锤(18)的轴线重合;所述枪嘴(13)的后部设置有一个半圆槽,所述半圆槽的尺寸与钉膛(12)的外径尺寸相匹配,所述半圆槽的槽体上与钉膛(12)的钉针槽相对应的位置设置有长条形过钉槽孔(24),弹夹(15)位于过钉槽孔(24)下方,过钉槽孔(24)的形状尺寸与弹夹(15)中榫排钉的形状尺寸相匹配。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的气动榫钉枪,其特征在于:所述气缸(3)水平设置在气室(1)内,气缸(3)的外侧壁与气室(1)的内侧壁之间竖直设置有 固定连接件(25),固定连接件(25)两侧的气室(1)保持贯通,所述气缸(3)与气室(1)之间形成一个高压气腔(26),气缸(3)的前后两个端面均位于高压气腔(26)中,所述气室(1)的侧壁上开设有进气通道(27),所述进气通道(27)使高压气腔(26)和手柄(2)内部的高压气路贯通;所述气室(1)的前端、气室(1)与气缸(3)之间设置有后击平衡阀(6),后击平衡阀(6)通过后击阀座(28)安装在气室(1)前端的端部,后击平衡阀(6)的端面与气缸(3)的前端面紧密贴合连接;所述气室(1)的后端、气室(1)与气缸(3)之间设置有前击平衡阀(5),前击平衡阀(5)通过前击阀座(29)安装在气室(1)后端的端部,且前击平衡阀(5)的端面与气缸(3)的后端面之间紧密贴合连接。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的气动榫钉枪,其特征在于:所述手柄(2)内有一个凹槽,手柄(2)及其内部的凹槽为一体铸造,该凹槽内设置有气路控制装置(7);
    所述气路控制装置(7)包括设置在手柄(2)前部的扳机,设置在扳机后方的第一控制气阀,通过管路与第一控制气阀连接的、位于手柄(2)内的凹槽中的小气缸及其内的活塞,设置在小气缸两端的动作弹簧,与活塞固定连接的动作条,与动作条对应设置有两个针阀,其中一个针阀通过气路与前击平衡阀(5)、前击阀座(29)连接,另一个针阀通过气路和后击平衡阀(6)、后击阀座(28)连接。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的气动榫钉枪,其特征在于:所述回转装置(8)包括设置在转膛(11)后部与支板(14)之间的带齿轮的回转套(30)、套在转膛(11)外一端固定在转膛(11)上的扭簧(31)、套在转膛(11)上绕转膛(11)旋转并与扭簧(31)另一端连接的大齿轮(32)以及安装在支板(14)中的过渡齿轮组(33);回转套(30)后部设置有凹槽,在气室(1)外与该凹槽对应位置设置有小凸块。
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